

































 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding 

Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals 

Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022 

 

Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih1. Widad Ibrahim Adbulghader2. 

1. Ministry of Health Saudi Arabia. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 
2. College of Nursing, University of Bahri 

Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih. Hail General Hospital.  

 

 

ABSTRACT 

Background: Newborn immediate care is the care given to the neonate after 

birth by qualified personnel in the delivery room. The midwives are the first 

contact of the newborns so we need them to be knowledgeable and aware 

about initial care and assessment of the neonate to decrease incidence of 

mortality and morbidity rate by using standard process for the immediate care 

of newborn.  

Aim: To assess the effect of education program for immediate care of newborn 

on midwives knowledge. 

Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted at Sinnar State in 

governmental hospitals and covered midwives who were working in Obstetrical 

and Gynecological departments. The sample size consisted of (96) midwives 

Comment [NA1]:  

Comment [NA2]:  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

during the period of (February to July 2020). Data were collected by using 

questionnaire designed was applied to the midwives pre and post intervention 

to determine their knowledge regarding immediate care of newborn. Data 

analysis was performed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 

(Version 26) presented in tables and figure, t-test was used to test the 

differences between the means. 

Results: The result revealed that midwives pre knowledge were (42.5%, 17.5% 

and 19.8%)for the good knowledge, satisfied knowledge and poor knowledge 

respectively. However for midwiferies post-knowledge were (82.3%, 9.4% and 

8.3%) for the good knowledge, satisfied knowledge and poor knowledge 

respectively. Total mean score of midwives knowledge were (24.1%, 68.4%) for 

the pre and post midwives knowledge respectively. All the parameter items for 

midwives knowledge were statistically significant (P 0.05) between pre and post 

midwives knowledge except for vital signs taken immediately after birth. 

Conclusion The study findings showed that program had been an effective method 

of increasing the midwives’ knowledge about immediate care newborn. 

 

Key words: Effectiveness, Education, Immediate newborn care, knowledge, 

midwife, Program 

 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Newborn immediate care is the care given to the neonate after birth by 

qualified personnel in the delivery room (Afjeih, et al.,2013.) the neonatal and 

postnatal period, which is the first 28 days and weeks after childbirth is very 

critical to the survival of both neonate and mother. During this period, major 

changes occur which determine the well-being of both mothers and their babies 

(WHO, 2014). Lack of adequate care could result in significant ill health and 

even death during this period. During this period most maternal and infant 

deaths occur, most especially in developing countries (WHO, 2018).For a child 

to develop properly and to reach its maximum potential in the future, the care 

given at birth (i.e. immediate newborn care) is of immense importance 

(Shahjahan, M. et al., 2012) which is influenced by newborn care and maternal 

care services received at health facilities at the time of birth and home care 

practices of mothers. Causes of neonatal deaths in Nigeria and globally are 

mostly as a result of infections, prematurity and birth asphyxia (Wang, H. et al., 

2013) The presence of a skilled professional/birth attendants in labor and 

delivery can reduce neonatal deaths drastically. 

Worldwide about eight newborn babies die every minute. Every year more than 

four million babies die during first week of life due to inadequate care. 

However, reduction of newborn mortality can be accomplished by improving the 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

quality of care provided to newborn babies. In developing countries 99% of the 

four million neonatal deaths per year. The highest numbers of deaths occur in 

South-central Asia and the highest rates are in sub-Saharan Africa. (Marcica, l 

.2010).In Sudan in Wad Medani Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Hospital, 

there is high level of neonatal mortality and morbidity (11.7%), most babies 

take much time to decide about seeking care and admission The equipment’s 

in the nursery are not adequate . they are either not available or not operating 

(May M, et al., 2015). 

Immediate newborn care (INC) is the care given to newborns in the transitional 

period(immediately after birth) is crucial to their survival. Nurses- midwives 

require adequate knowledge to provide immediate newborn care interventions 

(You, D. et al., 2015). The care given to newborns immediately within the first 

few hours of birth was critical for their survival. However, their survival depends 

on the nurse- midwife’s knowledge to deliver appropriate newborn care 

interventions. Therefore, the knowledge of health care workers on immediate 

newborn care was vital to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality. Nurses- 

midwives require knowledge provide immediate newborn care interventions 

(Abdu, H. et al., 2019). Professional care at birth is crucial for both the newborn 

baby and mother. Nurses- midwives are regularly placed in the care of 

newborns admitted to formal health care facilities. Improving their knowledge 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

are very important aspects of these health facilities (Rutebemberwa, et al., 

2009). 

The most important for newborn and maternal survival are labor, birth and the 

immediate postnatal period. Unfortunately, in low and middle income countries 

most mothers and newborns do not receive adequate care. Studies were 

showed that many newborn lives can be saved by using procedures involving 

simple equipment provided by a single professional birth attendant who cares 

for the mother and the neonate. Caring of all newborns involves immediate and 

thorough drying, skin to skin contact, cord clamping and cutting after the first 

minutes after birth, early initiation of breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding. 

After the first hour of life, newborns should receive eye treatment, vitamin K, 

and recommended immunizations (WHO, 2020). 

The essential newborn protocol is a series of time bound and chronologically 

ordered care that a baby receives at birth, and it has standardized elective 

procedural steps: dry and stimulate, evaluate breathing, cord care, keep the 

newborn warm, initiate breastfeeding within the rst one hour. Heat warmer that 

provide a constant source of warmth. Most important advances in intensive care 

have created a need for highly skilled personnel trained in the art of neonatal 

intensive care (Gerald and Sandra, 2010).  Nurses in the neonatal care units 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

should be highly trained in the management of variety of sophisticated 

mechanical devices, and educated in the infant's behavior, interpreting 

observations of others and timing interventions appropriately.  

The objective of this study was determining the effectiveness of education 

program on midwives’ knowledge before and after the educational program 

regarding immediate Care of Newborn.  

MATERIALS AND METHOD 
 

Study Design, Sample and Setting: 

The research is a quasi-experimental design. The research universe consists of 

the midwives who work at Sinnar State, capital Singa. It is located on the 

western east of the Blue Nile and about 37.844 km2 south of Khartoum in 

October 2019 to August 2022. According to data in 2019. The Study population 

consists and midwives who were working at governmental hospital, in 

Obstetrical& Gynecological in hospital, midwives who had midwifery certificate 

were directly involved in the provision for neonatal services, in Singa and  

Sennar  in hospital  during the period of the study. The total number covered 

in this study was 96 participants who distributed in Sinnar maternity hospital 

and Singa hospital.  

 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

Instruments and Procedure: 

Data in the research were collected with questionnaire forms that were created 

via Google Forms and these forms were sent via social media such as 

Facebook, WhatsApp, Gmail, etc. due to the pandemia. The questionnaire form 

was constituted by the researcher by reviewing the literature (Baghlani,et al., 

2019).  The questionnaire form consists of two parts. The first part has 

questions about socio-demographic characteristics such as age, qualifications, 

years of experience and attendance of previous training courses (Fig. 1, 2), the 

second part has 35questions about the midwives’ knowledge was reviewed 

regarding immediate care of the newborn. This tool was used to measure the 

nurses' knowledge before and after the education program to evaluate the 

effect of the education program on their knowledge (Table, 1 and 2).The first 

pilot study done to test accuracy of the questioner, the pre questionnaire will 

provide to participants to measure their knowledge and then education program 

has been conducted, midwives divided into groups according to their working 

hours and working place.     

Statistical Analysis 

In order to statistically analyze the data collected from the studysample to arrive at the results, 

the researcher used the SPSS-26andMicrosoft Excel (2010) package. To analyze the data, 

statistical procedures were used as descriptive statistic and inferential statistic with a p-value 

equal or less than 0.05 were considered significant and t-test. 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

 

Ethical Approval:  

 Approval from University of Bahri faculty of postgraduates studies, permission 

of ministry of health and approval from all hospitals. Verbal informed consent 

was obtained from the participants, confidentiality of response to both 

questionnaire and personal data sheet was assured. The participant were 

provide essential information for consent form and their signatures taken on 

consent form. The participant have right to with draw from the study at any 

time and that there would be no potential physical economical or legal harm to 

the participants. The result available and given the hospital 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNA

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                          

https://ijojournals.com/                                

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar sta

 

1. Socio demographic 

 

 

Fig. (1).Distribution of study group according to their 

Figure (1) showed (44.8%) of the study sample at age ranged from 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING 

                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March

Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar sta

 

RESULTS 

Fig. (1).Distribution of study group according to their age n=

%) of the study sample at age ranged from 41 – 50 years

AND NURSING  
Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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March, 2025 || 

Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

age n=96 

years 

 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

Fig. (2) Distribution of study group according to their years of experience 

n=96 

Figure (2) showed (53.1%) of the study sample the years of experience were more than 15 years. 

2. Knowledge assessment findings  

Table (1): Pre and post midwives good knowledge answers about immediate 

care of newborn frequency and percentages n=96 

Knowledge Pre 

test 

Post test Sig. (2-

tailed) 

f % f % 

Newborn health  

Characteristic of the newborn  

skin 

15 15.6% 81 84.4

% 

Characteristic of the newborn  

head 

25 26.7% 83 86.3

% 

Factor affecting of the  newborn 

health 

06 06.3% 83 84.3

% 

Normal body weight 13 13.5% 84 87.3

% 

Normal head circumference 02 2.1% 87 90.6

% 

Normal chest circumference 13 13.5% 92 95.8

% 

Mean knowledge percent  15.1  87.6 0.00 

Vital signs taken immediately after birth 

Normal heart rate 05 05.2% 23 24.6  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

% 

The best site to take body  

temperature 

13 13.5% 20 20.8

% 

Mean  knowledge percent  09.3%  21.5

% 

0.61 

Newborn health  

Definition 11 11.5% 41 42.7

% 

Importance 43 44.8% 88 91.7

% 

Equipment 38 39.6% 87 90.6

% 

Steps of the immediate care   38 39.6% 87 90.6

% 

Prevention heat loss 55 57.3% 89 90.8

% 

signs of body temperature loss 45 46.9% 83 84.3

% 

Method of clean airway 28 29.2% 59 61.5

% 

Equipment used in  suction 33 34.4% 50 52.1

% 

Adequate  breathing and 

circulation 

22 22.9% 39 40.6

% 

Mean  knowledge percent  36.2%  71.7

% 

0.01 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

Whereas, f = Frequency, % = percent.Sig. =Significant at p-value =  0.05 

The table showed after the intervention, the knowledge about the characteristic 

of the newborn skin, head and factor affecting of the newborn, was improved 

from (84.4%, 86.3% and 84.7%). The table showed after education program the 

mean knowledge percent about vital signs taken immediately after birth, was 

(from 9.3% to 21.5%) but there was no significant relation. Education program 

significant (P  0.05) increased items of newborn health between pre and post 

midwives knowledge (Table 1). 

 

 

Table (2): Continue pre and post midwives good knowledge answers about 

immediate care of newborn frequency and percentages n=120 

Knowledge Pre test Post test Sig. (2-

tailed) f % f % 

Apgar score  

Used 11 11.2% 91 94.8% 

Characteristic 05 05.2% 87 90.6% 

Evaluate 05 05.2% 79 82.2% 

Mean knowledge percent   07.2%  89.2% 0.00 

Newborn resuscitation 

Decided newborn need resuscitation 25 26.0% 79 82.2%  

Steps 39 40.6% 78 81.3% 

Equipment and supply need 51 53.1% 78 81.3% 

Ratio of ventilation to compression 08 08.3% 68 70.8% 

Mean knowledge percent  32.0%  78.9% 0.013 

Comment [NA3]: 96 

Comment [NA4]:  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

Newborn health 

Umbilical cord contains 05 05.2% 24 25.0%  

The  distance between the navel 

and  the umbilical cord 

05 05.2% 15 15.8% 

care of umbilical cord 29 30.2% 28 29.2% 

Contact baby site in skin to skin  

contact 

18 18.8% 74 77.4% 

Characteristics of skin care 38 39.6% 82 85.4% 

Time starting breast feeding 07 07.3% 30 31.2% 

Benefits of breast feeding for baby 60 62.5% 74 76.7% 

baby position  during  breast 

feeding 

29 30.2% 72 75% 

Mean knowledge percent  24.8%  60.0% 0.049 

Drug used immediately after  birth 

Medication used in eye 08 08.3% 14 14.5%  

Time  05 05.2% 19 19.8% 

Drug used to prevent bleeding 34 35.4% 86 89.6% 

Mean knowledge percent  16.3  41.3% 0.39 

Whereas, f = Frequency, % = percent. Sig. =Significant at p-value =  0.05 

Data in the table (2), showed after education program the knowledge about the 

decision that the newborn need resuscitation, steps, equipment and supply 

need and the ratio of ventilation to compression in newborn resuscitation was 

improved from (82.2%, 81.3%, 81.3%, and 70.8%). Education program 

significantly (P 0.05) increased items of apgar score, newborn resuscitation, 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

newborn health and drug used immediately after birth between pre and post 

midwives knowledge 

Table (3): Pre and post midwives knowledge answers about the best site to 

take pulse and concept care of newborn frequency and percentages n=120 

Knowledge Pre test Post test 

f % f % 

The best site to take pulse 

Radial 03 03.1% 02 02.1% 

Apical 83 86.5% 91 94.4% 

Femoral 02 02.1% 02 02.1% 

Dorsal 01 01.0% 01 01.0% 

Non  07 07.3% 0.0 0.0% 

Mean 96 100% 96 100% 

Concept  

Yes 42 43.8% 96 100% 

No 54 56.3% 00 0.0% 

Mean  96 100% 97 100% 

Whereas, f = Frequency, % = percent.  

The table showed after education program there was no significant change 

reported concerning the best site to take pulse. The knowledge about concept, 

used, characteristics and evaluate of Apgar score, was improved from 43.8% to 

100%for yes answers. However, from 56.3% to 0.0% for No answers (Table 3).  

.  

 

 

Comment [NA5]: 96 

Comment [NA6]:  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

 

Table (4): Comparing between pre and post education program regarding 

midwives immediate care of newborn n=120 

Item X±SD F Sig. (2-tailed) 

Pre total mean knowledge  24.1 ± 17.2 9.87 0.001 

Post total mean 

knowledge  

68.4 ± 27.1 

Whereas, X = mean percent. SD = standard deviation. Sig. =Significant at p-value =  

0.05 

 

Data in Table (4) indicated that the education program statistically significant 

(P 0.05) increased total score knowledge regarding immediate care of newborn 

between pre and post midwives knowledge.    

 

 

 

Comment [NA7]: 96 

Comment [NA8]:  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNA

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                          

https://ijojournals.com/                                

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar sta

 

 

Fig. (3): Distribution of study group according to their knowledge pre and 

post-test 

In developing countries 99% of the four million neonatal deaths per year. The 

highest numbers of deaths occur in South

in sub-Saharan Africa (Marcia, I.

neonates requiring urgent help. Neonatal care training is deficient in midwifery 

schools. Also there is lack of education program neonatal

midwives newborn care services in Sudan have not progressed well over the 

years. InWad Medani Pediatric teaching

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING 

                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March

Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar sta

 

: Distribution of study group according to their knowledge pre and 

 
 

DISCUSSION 
 

n developing countries 99% of the four million neonatal deaths per year. The 

highest numbers of deaths occur in South-central Asia and the highest rates are 

Africa (Marcia, I.2010) Midwives are the first line staff to deal with 

iring urgent help. Neonatal care training is deficient in midwifery 

s lack of education program neonatal care for hospital 

midwives newborn care services in Sudan have not progressed well over the 

. InWad Medani Pediatric teaching hospital was found to be significantly high 

AND NURSING  
Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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March, 2025 || 

Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

: Distribution of study group according to their knowledge pre and 

n developing countries 99% of the four million neonatal deaths per year. The 

central Asia and the highest rates are 

are the first line staff to deal with 

iring urgent help. Neonatal care training is deficient in midwifery 

care for hospital 

midwives newborn care services in Sudan have not progressed well over the 

hospital was found to be significantly high 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

and necessary equipment’s are not available in NICU (May. et al., 2015).This 

study was conducted during period from February to July 2020 in Sinnar State on 

in governmental hospitals and covered midwives who were working in Obstetrical 

and Gynecological departments to provide important information about the level of 

midwives knowledge regarding immediate care of newborn. 

 The study revealed that, all of study population were females this result similar to 

the findings of another study in Sudan, which showed that all neonatal care 

nurses (100%) in the NICU were female. This can be attributed to hospital polices 

(Babeker, Z. 2015). The majority of midwives were age ranges between 41-50 

years, this result was disagreed with Jennifer et al., (2018) who studied that more 

than half of the nurses- midwives’ were aged between (22– 24) years. (44.8%), 

followed by whose age ranges from 31-40 years (28.1%), and above 50 years 

(22.8%). Regarding the level of education the study showed that all of midwives at 

level of diploma degree. This 

result was disagreed with Gebru,et al., (2019) who studied that majority (83%) of 

nurses-midwives were 

diploma graduated. The highest percentage (53.1%) of study sample was midwives 

their experience more than 15 years at governmental hospitals. This result was 

agreed with Traore (2018) who revealed that the study sample have more than 

five years of professional experience in midwifery. This study showed that after the 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

education program, the knowledge of the participants was significantly improved (P 

< 0.05) in different relevant areas such as, the factor affecting  newborn health, 

importance of immediate care of the newborn, equipment needed in immediate 

care of the newborn, steps of immediate care of the newborn and in using Apgar 

score. Likewise, similar findings were reported by Perez (2022) who agreed that; 

the education evidence based interventions, are useful in push the newborn care 

related knowledge.  

This study showed that after the education program, the knowledge of the 

participants was significantly improved (P< 0.05) in different relevant areas such 

as the best site to take body temperature immediately after birth, and how to 

care of babys temperature. In similar context, Purnamasari,et al., (2017) agreed 

with our findings and indicated that there was significant difference in nurses’ 

knowledge pre- and post-education intervention (p < .001;  = .05). Moreover, 

Manuama, et al., (2022) agreed that education on prevention of heat loss is an 

effective strategy to promote nurses’ knowledge. 

The current study revealed that (19.8%) of the midwives showed a poor 

knowledge and after applying for the educational program and conducting the 

post-test, the midwives expressed good knowledge (82.35). Similar result was 

by Shireen, (2022) who indicated that (83.3%) of the midwives showed a lack 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

of knowledge and after applying for the educational program conducting the 

post-test, the midwives expressed good knowledge (86.7%).  The result showed 

that all the parameter items for midwives knowledge were statistically significant 

(P 0.05) between pre and post midwives knowledge except for vital signs taken 

immediately after birth. This result agree with Shreen, (2022), indicated that 

there was a statistically significant difference between the study group and the 

control group in the post-test measurement after implementing the educational 

program (P= 0.000).There were high significant differences in participants’ 

knowledge at pretest and posttest before and after the implementation of 

education program for study sample (Wafaa and Igbal, 2021). 

 
 

 CONCLUSION 

The study findings showed that the education program regarding 

immediate newborn care contributes in improving nurse- midwife’s 

knowledge. The educational program had been effective method of 

increasing the nurses– midwives’ knowledge regarding immediate 

newborn care. 

 

 

 

 

Comment [NA9]: Midwifs 

Comment [NA10]:  

Comment [NA11]: Midwifs 

Comment [NA12]:  

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“Effect of Education Program on Midwives knowledge Regarding Immediate Care of Newborn on in Governmental Hospitals Sinnar state. Sudan, 2022." 

 

 

 

RECOMMENDATIONS 

Based on the conclusion the study recommended the following:  

 The health care Providers should be encouraged to upgrade their 

educational level to build their skill retention and expose 

themselves to newborn care.  

 The hospital should be make policy for pediatrician has to attend in 

labor room for 24 hour  

 The ministry of health should be work to improve infrastructure, 

equipment, and supplies at basic level and ensure availability off 

all necessary supplies and equipment.   

 
 

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 IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  
 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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https://ijojournals.com/                                                     Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

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 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                                                                 Rabab Omer Mohammed Salih

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