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 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF 

EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR 

 
Authors: RATSIMANDRESY Naomy Namboarintsoa1, Rasoarivony Marie Angela2, 
Razanadraisoa Albertine1, EDWIN Constand Claudel3, RALAIARIMANANA Liantsoa Fanja 
Emmanuel1 
 

1 :Dental prosthetics department at the Institutd'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de 
Madagascar (IOSTM) 
2 :Private dental practice in Mahajanga 
3 :Public Health section at the Institutd'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar 
(IOSTM) 
 
Correspondingauthor: RATSIMANDRESY Naomy Namboarintsoa, Dental prosthetics 
department at the Institutd'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar (IOSTM), 
University of Mahajanga Madagascar 

 
Abstract 

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of 

liferelated t oral health of edentulous patients and wearing dentures. 

This was a cross-sectional, analytical study of 384 edentulous people, with or 

without dentures, in the city of Mahajanga Madagascar. The OHIP-14 score, the 

number of missing teeth, the edentulous area, the type of edentulous, the edentulous 

arch, whether or not a dental prosthesis was worn, the type of dental prosthesis and 

the quality of life were evaluated. 

We observed that the majority (82.8%) of the study population did not wear 

dentures. Quality of life was related to the number of missing teeth, edentulous area  

type of edentulous according to the OHIP-14 score. People who wore dental 

prostheses had a better quality of life than those who did not. 

 It is vital to raise awareness of the need to wear dental prostheses and to 

provide information about the impact of edentulous on quality of life.  

In the future, a longitudinal study will be necessary. 

Key words: Edentulousness, prosthesis, quality of life, OHIP-14 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Edentulousness is the condition of being missing teeth and is a public health 

problem because of its prevalence and handicap [1]. 

According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2022 report on oral health 

in the world, the global average prevalence of Edentulousness is almost 7% in people 

aged 20 or over. For people aged 60 or over, the estimated global prevalence is much 

higher, at 23% [2]. 

In high-income countries, the prevalence of Edentulousness is 10.5% on average, 

including 39% in North America, compared with 3% in less-developed countries [3]. 

In Madagascar, data on the prevalence of Edentulousness is still lacking, but the 

prevalence of common dental diseases (dental caries and periodontal disease), which 

are the main causes of Edentulousness, is very high, ranging from 80 to 98%, affecting 

both children and adults [4].  

However, according to the available data, the rate of denture wearers is still low. In 

2010, in Antsirabe, 63.3% of edentulous people had not their teeth restored [5]. In 

Fianarantsoa, a study conducted in 2016 found that 59.3% of edentulous people were 

not wearing dentures [6]. 

There are many causes of Edentulousness, such as untreated caries, 

periodontitis or periodontal disease and dental trauma. And Edentulousness can be 

disturbing in functional, aesthetic, social and above all psychological terms, all of which 

can have an impact on edentulous patients' quality of life. 

The consequences of Edentulousness can be prevented or avoided by 

prosthetic restorations, which play important functional, aesthetic and psychological 

roles. 

So, faced with all these situations, two questions arise: how is the quality of life of 

edentulous people in the town of Mahajanga? And does wearing a dental prosthesis 

improve their quality of life? 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the oral 

health-related quality of life of edentulous people and the wearing of dental 

prostheses. 

The specific objectives were to: 

- describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population; 

- identify the characteristics of edentulous patients in the study population; 

- assess the oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients; 

- compare the oral health-related quality of life of the study population wearing 

dentures with that of the study population not wearing dentures; 

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS 

The study was carried out in the city of Mahajanga, Madagascar. Mahajanga is 

the largest city on the west coast and the capital of the Boeny Region, located at the 

mouth of the Betsiboka River on the Mozambic Channel. It is the most visited tourist 

town by foreigners and nationals thanks to its abundant landscape and its natural, 

maritime and mining resources. 

Type of study 

This was a cross-sectional analytical study. 

Study period 

Data was collected from March 2024 to June 2024. 

Study population 

The study population consisted of edentulous patients with or without 

dentures. Individuals who agreed to take part in the survey were included in the study. 

Those with incorrectly completed survey forms were excluded. 

Sampling was accidental. 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

The sample size was calculated using the classic Andersen formula 

 

n =
��p(1 − p)

��
 

n= sample size 

z = confidence interval of 1.96 

p = prevalence  

i= margin of error = 0.05 

As we had not found a well-defined prevalence of edentulousness for 

Madagascar, we used an arbitrary prevalence of 50%, i.e. p = 0.5. 

n =
1.96� x 0.5 (1 − 0.5)

0.05�
= 384.16 

According to this formula, the sample size was 384. 

Data was collected using a survey form containing a questionnaire to assess the 

quality of life linked to the oral health of edentulous people: the OHRQoL 

questionnaire, with the OHIP-14 score. The survey was carried out using a telephone 

equipped with the Open Data Kit (ODK) collect version 1.17.2 application. 

Study variables 

These included: 

1. independent variables such as 

- variables related to the sociodemographic profile of the patients such as: age, 

gender, profession. 

- variables related to the characteristics of the edentulous tooth such as: number of 

missing teeth, arch involved, edentulous sector (anterior, posterior, anterior and 

posterior), classification of the edentulous tooth, wearing of dental prostheses, type of 

dental prosthesis. 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

2. The dependent variable was quality of life: this was assessed using the OHIP-14 

score 

. High OHIP-14 scores indicate a deterioration in quality of life, whereas low scores 

indicate a better quality of life [7].     

Data analysis 

Once the data had been extracted from the ODK database, they were 

processed and analyzed on a computer using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 

(SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard 

deviation and frequency were used to analyze the data. Independent "t" and ANOVA 

tests were performed to compare means between continuous variables, and the Chi-

square test for categorical variables, with a level of statistical significance of p<0.05. 

 

RESULTS 

Table I: Distribution of the study population by socio-demographic characteristics 

Socio-demographic 

characteristics 

N %  

Age    Minimum age = 18 years 

Under 50years 297 77.3 Maximum age = 89 years 

50 yearsand over 87 22.7 Averageage = 37.6±15.16 years 

Gender    

Male 141 36.7 Sex-ratio = 0.58 

Female 243 63.3  

Occupation    

Primarysector 83 21.6  

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

Secondarysector 44 11.5  

Tertiarysector 154 66.9  

Total 384 100.0  

N: numbers  

%: percentages 

Table I provides information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the 

study population. In terms of age, the study population ranged from 18 to 89 years, 

with an average age of 37.6 ± 15.16 years. The under-50 age group was in the majority 

(77.3%). 

In terms of gender, 63.3% were women, with a sex ratio of 0.58.  

In terms of occupation, 66.9% of respondents worked in the tertiary sector. 

Table II: Distribution of the study population according to edentulous characteristics 

Edentulous characteristics N %  

Number of missingteeth    

1 to 5 teeth 295 76.8  

6 to 10 teeth 
44 11.5 

Mean number of missing 

teeth = 4.89±5.32 teeth 

More than 10 teeth 45 11.7  

Edentulousarch    

Maxilla 73 19.0  

Mandible 109 28.4  

Both arches 202 52.6  

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

Edentuloussector    

Anterior 28 7.3  

Posterior 260 67.7  

Antero-posterior 96 25.0  

Type     

Partial 351 91.4  

Total 9 2.3  

Subtotal 24 6.3  

Classification    

Class I 52 13.5  

Class II 47 12.2  

Class III 262 68.2  

Class IV 23 6.0  

Total 384 100.0  

 

Table II provides information on the characteristics of edentulousness: 76.8% of the 

study population had between one and five missing teeth, and the average number of 

missing teeth per person was 4.89±5.32 teeth. The edentulousness mainly affected the 

two arches, with a percentage of 52.6%. The posterior sector was the most common, 

with a percentage of 67.7%. As for the type of Edentulousness, partial edentulousness 

was in the majority at 91.4%. And according to the classification, class III 

edentulousness predominated at 68.2%. 

 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

Table III: Distribution of the study population according to the mean OHIP-14 score and 

the number of missing teeth 

 

Number of missing teeth Mean OHIP-14 score F p 

1 to 5 teeth 7.6 ± 6.4   

6 to 10 teeth 10.2 ± 5.9 26.8 0.000*** 

More than 10 teeth 15.6 ± 10.6   

Total 8.8 ± 7.4   

 

Depending on the number of teeth missing, those with one to five teeth missing had a 

mean OHIP-14 score of 7.6 ± 6.4. Those with six to ten teeth missing had an average 

OHIP-14 score of 10.2 ± 5.9. And those with more than ten missing teeth had a mean 

OHIP-14 score equal to 15.6 ± 10.6. This result is highly statistically significant (F = 26.8; 

p = 0.000) (Table III). 

Table IV: Distribution of the study population according to the mean OHIP-14 score by 

edentulous area 

Edentulous area Mean OHIP-14 score F p 

Anterior 10.2 ± 8.1   

Posterior 7.5 ± 6.4 14.8 0.000*** 

Anterior and posterior 12.1 ± 8.6   

Total 8.8 ± 7.4   

 

Compared to the edentulousarea, thoseedentulous in the anteriorsectoralonehad a 

mean OHIP-14 score equal to 10.2 ± 8.1; thoseedentulous in the posteriorsectorhad a 

mean score equal to 7.5 ± 6.4 and thoseedentulous in both the anterior and 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

posteriorsectorshad a mean OHIP-14 score equal to 12.1 ± 8.6. This 

resultwashighlysignificant (F = 14.8; p = 0.000) (Table IV). 

Table V: Distribution of study population according to mean OHIP-14 score and 

denture wear 

Denture wear Mean OHIP-14 score t p 

Yes 7.4 ± 6.8   

No 9.1 ± 7.4 3.1 0.03* 

Total 8.8 ± 7.4   

 

Concerning denture wearing (table V), thosewhowore dentures had a mean OHIP-14 

score equal to 7.4 ± 6.8, and thosewhodidn'thad a mean score equal to 9.1 ± 7.4. This 

result is statistically significant (p = 0.03). 

DISCUSSION 

Socio-demographiccharacteristics 

The study population was predominantly female (63.3%). The averageage was 

37.6 ± 15.16 years, with thoseaged 50 and over accounting for 22.7% of cases. And in 

terms of occupation, those who worked in the tertiary sector predominated (63.3%).  

In a similar study carried out in Poland in 2022, a sample of 1,112 participants 

aged between 20 and 79 was drawn. Of these, 54.85% were women. Nineteen-point 

eighty-seven percent (19.87%) of participants were over 65. The average age was 

48.72. A large majority (65.20%) worked in the tertiary sector [8]. 

Characteristics of Edentulousness 

Our study population had an average of 4.89±5.32 missing teeth per person. This 

is significantly lower than the mean number of missing teeth found by Ratsimandresy 

and al. in Fianarantsoa in 2016, which was 8.57 [6], and that found by Rodakowska and 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

al. In Poland in 2022, which was equal to 7.88 [8]. On the other hand, this average was 

roughly equal to that found by Mbodj and al. In Senegal in 2011, which was 4.4 [9]. 

According to the KENNEDY classification, class III was the mostfrequent, with a 

percentage of 68.2%. This value is higher than that found by Bouassaloandal. in 2023, 

KENNEDY class III was 75.2% of edentulous arches [10]. 

Edentulousness and denture wear 

In ourstudy, only 17.2% of the study population wore dentures. This is consider 

ably lower than the 62.0% found by Malicka et al. [11]. In 2016, Ratsimandresy and al. 

suggested that the number of missing teeth was a factor in denture wear. Indeed, the 

greater the number of missing teeth, the greater the motivation to have dentures [6]. 

Moreover, in a 2014 study in Senegal, Gueye and al. reported the same finding, 

that edentulous patients with dentures were made up of those with more than nine 

missing teeth, and that only 9.8% of patients with one to four missing teeth had under 

gone prosthetic restoration [12]. 

In fact, the OHIP-14 score riseswith the number of missing teeth; in other 

words, the higher the number of missing teeth, the worse the quality of life related to 

oral health. The same finding was made by Anbarserri and al. who found that patients 

with tooth loss in categories 1-5, 6-10 and>10 hadmean OHIP-14 scores of 10.51 ± 

10.36, 13.46 ± 10.06 and 21.46 ± 14.41 respectively. A statistically significant 

difference in OHIP-14 score was observed between the different categories of tooth 

loss (p = 0.005). Participants with more than 10 teeth lost had significantly higher 

OHIP-14 scores than those in categories 1-5 and 6-10 (p<0.05). They concluded that 

the greater the tooth loss, the higher the OHIP-14 score and the greater the damage to 

oral health [13]. 

Edentulous area 

Depending on the edentulous area, those with anterior and posterior 

edentulousness had higher mean OHIP-14 scores than those with anterior or posterior 

edentulousnessa lone. And it was anterior edentulousness that was associated with 

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

poor quality of life. This result concurs with that of Imam and al. who found that one 

or more missing anterior teeth were significantly associated with higher OHIP-14 total 

scores (worse for oral health-related quality of life) (17.2 vs. 25.1; p = 0.04) [14]. 

Denture wear 

According to denture wear, a significant difference in mean OHIP-14 score was 

found between those who wore dentures and those who did not (p = 0.03). Those who 

did had a better quality of life than those who did not. This result corroborates the 

findings of Kendeand al. In fact, they found that oral health-related quality of life 

improved rapidly in the month following prosthetic treatment (76% of patients)and 

showed further but moderate improvement in the 6 to 12 months following treatment 

in subjects wearing dentures, as indicated by the reduction in OHIP-14 scores [15]. 

The study by Fouda and al. also confirmed the same finding, stating that 

prosthetic treatment had a positive impact on oral health-related quality of life, which 

improved after treatment, particularly in the social domain. There is an association 

between prosthetic restoration in edentulous patients and the OHIP-14 score [16]. 

CONCLUSION 

In this study, those with more than ten missing teeth had a mean OHIP-14 score equal 

to 15.6 ± 10.6. And those with dentures had a mean OHIP-14 score equal to 7.4 ± 6.8. 

This study showed that wearing dentures improved oral health-related quality of life in 

edentulous patients. 

Given that our study was a cross-sectional study, in the future, a longitudinal study will 

be considered with the aim of determining the evolution of the improvement in oral 

health-related quality of life in edentulous patients after prosthetic restoration. 

Références 

1. Coulibaly B, Kéita DB, Touré K, Kamissoko K, Diallo B, Traoré L et al. Assessment of 

dental prosthesisneeds in patients at the hepato-gastroenterology department of CHU-

Gabriel. Available on https://www.revues.ml/index.php/msp/article/view/1795/1252.  

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IJO - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND NURSING  

 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
1
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

2. World Health Organization, Global Oral Health Status Report.  Non-communicable 

DiseasesDepartment, 20 Avenue Appia [online]. Availableon: https:/www.who.int 

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4. Ranivoharilanto E. Oral health in Madagascar: Current situation and outlook 

Available on :www.aoi-fr.org.  

5. Rasoamanarivo N, RalaiairamananaLFE, Ramaroson J, RakotoAlson S, Ralison G. 

Treatmentwithremovable partial dentures in Antsirabe:proposals for improvement. 

ROSMEL. 2010 ; 1 :34-41 

6. Ratsimandresy NN, Andriamamimalala MH, Rakotondratsara MA, Ralaiarimanana 

LFE. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the population of the city of Fianarantsoa 

regarding the replacement of missingteeth. ROSMEL. 2020 ; 18 : 01-10 

7. Slade GD, Spencer AJ. Development and evaluation of the oral health impact profile. 

Community Dent Health. 1994 ;11 :03–11 

8. Rodakowska E, Jamiolkowski J, Baginska J, Kaminska I, Gabiec K, Stachurska Z, 

Kondraciuk M, Dubatowka M, Kaminski KA. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and 

Missing Teeth in an Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study from Poland. Int J 

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9. Mbodj EB, Diouf M, Faye D, Ndiaye A, Seck MT, Ndiaye C, Diallo PD. 

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10. Bouassalo KM, Adam S, Dabo PS, Hémou P, Kébina B, Béténora B, Fagbegnon OSA, 

Baglo FE, N’bouké BJ, Bissa H, Agoda PP, Gueye M. Profile of partial 

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https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/131954/9789240692688_fre.pdf;jsessionid=CDE9DAC80DDB40B9A8891BA39B83AA33?sequence=1
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 ( ISSN: 2814-2098 )                                                     RATSIMANDRESY NAOMY NAMBOARINTSOA
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https://ijojournals.com/                                                           Volume 08 || Issue 03 || March, 2025 || 

“ QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO THE ORAL HEALTH OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS IN MAHAJANGA MADAGASCAR." 

 
 

 

Edentulousnessaccording to the Kennedy-Applegate classification in a Lomé dental 

care facility (Togo). Rev Sen OdontolStomatolChir Maxillo-fac 2023 ;20(2) :56-60. 

11. Malicka B, Skośkiewicz-Malinowska K, Kaczmarek U. The impact of socioeconomic 

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characteristics of patients rehabilitated with removable prostheses: a pilot study in an 

Odontology Department in Senegal. Rev IV Odonto-Stomatol.2014 ; 2(16) : 21-6. 

13. Anbarserri NM, Ismail KM, Anbarserri H, Alanazi D, AlSaffan AD, Baseer MA, 

Shaheen R. Impact of severity of tooth loss on oral-health-related quality of life among 

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16. Fouda SM, Gad MM, Ellakany P, Zayat ME, AlGhamdi M, Abdelrahman H, El-Din MS. 

Impact of prosthetic rehabilitation on oral health-related quality of life of Saudi Adults: 

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(36) :1000–5. 

 

 

 

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	Edentulousness is the condition of being missing teeth and is a public health problem because of its prevalence and handcap [1].
	According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2022 report on oral health in the world, the global average prevalenc of Edentulousness is almost 7% in people aged 20 or over. For people aged 60 or over, the estimated global prevalence is much higher, at 23% [2].
	In high-income countries, the prevalence of Edentulousness is 10.5% on average, including 39% in North America, comparedwith 3% in less-developed countries [3].
	In Madagascar, data on the prevalence of Edentulousness is still lacking, but the prevalence of common dental diseases (ental caries and periodontal disease), which are the main causes of Edentulousness, is very high, ranging from 80 to 98%, affecting both children and adults [4]. 
	However, according to the available data, the rate of denture wearers is still low. In 2010, in Antsirabe, 63.3% of edenulous people had not their teeth restored [5]. In Fianarantsoa, a study conducted in 2016 found that 59.3% of edentulous people were not wearing dentures [6].
	There are many causes of Edentulousness, such as untreated caries, periodontitis or periodontal disease and dental traum. And Edentulousness can be disturbing in functional, aesthetic, social and above all psychological terms, all of which can have an impact on edentulous patients' quality of life.
	The consequences of Edentulousness can be prevented or avoided by prosthetic restorations, which play important functionl, aesthetic and psychological roles.
	So, faced with all these situations, two questions arise: how is the quality of life of edentulous people in the town ofMahajanga? And does wearing a dental prosthesis improve their quality of life?
	The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the oral health-related quality of life of edentulous peple and the wearing of dental prostheses.
	The specific objectives were to:
	- describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population;
	- identify the characteristics of edentulous patients in the study population;
	- assess the oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients;
	- compare the oral health-related quality of life of the study population wearing dentures with that of the study populaion not wearing dentures;
	MATERIALS AND METHODS
	The study was carried out in the city of Mahajanga, Madagascar. Mahajanga is the largest city on the west coast and the apital of the Boeny Region, located at the mouth of the Betsiboka River on the Mozambic Channel. It is the most visited tourist town by foreigners and nationals thanks to its abundant landscape and its natural, maritime and mining resources.
	According to this formula, the sample size was 384.
	Data was collected using a survey form containing a questionnaire to assess the quality of life linked to the oral healt of edentulous people: the OHRQoL questionnaire, with the OHIP-14 score. The survey was carried out using a telephone equipped with the Open Data Kit (ODK) collect version 1.17.2 application.
	Study variables
	These included:
	1. independent variables such as
	- variables related to the sociodemographic profile of the patients such as: age, gender, profession.
	- variables related to the characteristics of the edentulous tooth such as: number of missing teeth, arch involved, edenulous sector (anterior, posterior, anterior and posterior), classification of the edentulous tooth, wearing of dental prostheses, type of dental prosthesis.
	2. The dependent variable was quality of life: this was assessed using the OHIP-14 score
	. High OHIP-14 scores indicate a deterioration in quality of life, whereas low scores indicate a better quality of life 7].    
	Data analysis
	Once the data had been extracted from the ODK database, they were processed and analyzed on a computer using StatisticalPackage for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and frequency were used to analyze the data. Independent "t" and ANOVA tests were performed to compare means between continuous variables, and the Chi-square test for categorical variables, with a level of statistical significance of p<0.05.
	RESULTS
	CONCLUSION

