

































 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN 
NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA 

 

 

 
 

  
  

  
 

 

 

Abstract: Nigerian libraries have added value to the services they provide through information and communication 
technology (ICT). This study used a survey research method on the use of ICT in Nigerian libraries: a case study of the 
Kwara State University library. The respondents were students and faculty members from the university. The results 
show that the Kwara State University library has an abundance of computers connected to the Internet using the 
Millennium web program. Students and Faculty Members Use Online Public Access (OPAC) to Iron out Material on 
Shelves. The study reveals several reasons for the use of the Internet by participating faculty and students. But the least 
use of ICT has been electronic databases. The faculty members surveyed with the highest frequency were of those, 50 
(83%) use the Internet to update knowledge, while the highest respondents 179 students (66%) use the Internet to 
complete projects. However, proper training of library staff will increase the use of electronic databases. 

Keywords: ICT, Kwara State University, faculty, students, libraries, Nigeria. 
 

1.0 Introduction 

The effectiveness of the library as a tool for education is 
determined by its success, which the library is able to provide 
and meet the user's information needs. In the 21st century, it 
is considered the era of the information revolution. Advances 
in information technology have led to long-term 
developments in the higher education sector. An example of 
this is the application of digital information in learning. 
Libraries and information centers in Nigeria are not only 
equipped with materials in traditional form but also in 
electronic form; they offer users a wide range of information 
sources. 

Before the advent of ICT, the work of libraries in Nigeria was 
stressful and a waste of time without making room for 
flexibility. However, with the introduction of information and 
communication technology in Nigeria, particularly in higher 

education institutions such as Kwara State University, there is 
a simultaneous access by many users, which helps bridge the 
global information gap and creates a brighter future for 
students (Omagbemi, Akintola, and Olayiwola, 2004). 

Information and Communication Technology, commonly 
abbreviated as ICT, is often used as an expanded synonym 
for information technology (IT). In Bappah (2010), Wirsiy 
and Shafack define "ICT" as a broad term that includes the 
aggregation (acquisition), organization (encapsulation), 
storing, and retrieving (dissemination) of information that 
may be present in text or digital forms (books, documents), 
graphics, audio (audio and visual), or a combination of all of 
the above (multimedia), using a combination of computers 
and telephony distance learning. 

1.1 Objective of Study 

The main objective of the study is to use of knowledge and 

To cite this article:
Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha, Jemilat Biogera Abubakar, Ganiyat Olayinka Bello, Abdulrasheed

  Ishola Yakub (Esq.), Roseline Damilola Akanji

Abdrahman Atanda MOUSTAPHA1, Jemilat Biogera ABUBAKAR2, Ganiyat Olayinka BELLO3,
  Abdulrasheed Ishola YAKUB (Esq.)4, Roseline Damilola AKANJI5

Kwara State University Library, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17826583 IJO JOURNALS

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mailto:Abdrahmaa.moustapha@kwasu.edu.ng
mailto:jemilat.abubakar@kwasu.edu.ng
mailto:ganiyat.bello@kwasu.edu.ng
mailto:abdulrasheed.yakub@kwasu.edu.ng
mailto:roseline.akanji@kwasu.edu.ng


 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

communication technology in academic libraries in Nigeria. 
While the specific objectives of this study are: 

1. To examine the availability of ICT in KWASU University 
Library  
2. To identify the ICT resources used by library staff and 
students  
3. To determine the frequency of the ICT resource usage.  
4. To identify the purpose of using ICT resources  
5. To identify the Problems encountered while using ICT 
resources 
 

2.0 Literature Review  

Academic libraries are seeing greater improvements 
in the areas of teaching and learning, research activities, and 
society. Iwu and Yusuf (2010) confirmed that 61.9% of 
students at Covenant University use the OPAC to locate 
items on shelves. In a similar study by ILO and Ifijeh (2010), 
94% of Covenant University final year students indicated the 
presence of the Internet had a greater impact on their 
projects. Also, Nwezeh (2010) in a study on the use of ICT in 
Nigerian universities found that 78% of staff and 85% of 
students at Obafemi Awolowo University use the Internet for 
their projects. Moreover, the results of Krubu and Osawaru 
(2011) define ICT resources and the use of resources 
available at John Harris and Benson Idahosa University 
Libraries as a search engine, the Internet, CDs, an Internet 
database, and the World Wide Web. These resources are used 
to obtain, store, process, retrieve, and disseminate 
information. It has information and communication 
technology. It allowed Nigerian academic libraries to use the 
Internet for search engines such as Yahoo, Google, email, etc. 
and access to online digital resources like Amazon, 
Wikipedia, etc.  

Both academic and public libraries play a major role 
in the development of the workforce in any country. Public 
libraries must serve the public's information needs. But 
Emojorho (2010) in a study on ICT and collection 
management in public libraries found that only a few public 
libraries in the South, South and Nigeria are computerized 
and make use of the Internet. Moreover, it is not sufficiently 
funded. Computers are unavailable, and libraries lack a 
sophisticated workforce. But private libraries in Nigeria are 
aware of the economic value of ICT in the growth and 
development of their businesses, and therefore have 
computers connected to the Internet. Abubakar (2010) in a 
study of the availability and use of ICT in six Nigerian 
university library schools, the availability of computers, the 
Internet, CDs, e-mail, microfilm, microfiche, video tapes, 
and slide projectors were identified as available resources 

and that they used the resources exclusively for education 
and training.  

Africa's university libraries are the hub, and research 
for development activities requires internet connectivity to be 
applicable in this age of ICT. Etim (2004) notes in 
Okon(2005) that technological development has led to a shift 
from the traditional information environment to an electronic 
environment such as CDs, online services, and online 
databases. Bandwidth, according to Alhasan and Adepoju 
(2007), is the amount of data that a computer network can 
transfer in a certain time period. Omekwe and Echezona 
(2008) pointed out that the digital divide between the North 
and South is relatively skewed against Africa, making global 
access to information faster, broader, and more diversified in 
Europe and America than in Africa. Kamba (2008) explored 
the problem of information technology, especially Internet 
use in Nigeria's libraries, to include inadequate and weak 
information infrastructure.  

Krubu and Osawaru (2011) reveal some of the 
factors hampering the impact of ICT in Nigerian university 
libraries, such as lack of research skills, epileptic power 
supplies, expensive software and hardware, and huge 
amounts of money spent on fuel generators. Oketunji (2004) 
asserts that the Internet and other ICTs provide a golden 
opportunity for the provision of value-added services by 
libraries. Cataloging, abstracting, publishing, and digitizing 
local research are ways to facilitate learning. Aina (2004) 
identified the negative non-interference attitude of lecturers, 
students, and libraries as other factors preventing the 
development and use of ICT in university libraries in Nigeria. 
Furthermore, Aina acknowledges the high cost of ICT 
training but believes that library staff and users should do 
something themselves to improve their IT skills. Finally, 
Allison (2007) suggests the continuation of information 
literacy programs because he has found that users are not 
aware of the information sources available in libraries or do 
not know how to access them. 

3.0 Methodology: 

Survey research methodology was used for the study. The 
study population consisted of 4650 library users, 4530 
registered students, and 120 faculty members at KWASU 
University. 350 library users (270 students and 80) faculty 
members were sampled from this cohort using a random 
sampling technique. Of these, 350 questionnaires were 
submitted, of which 330 were duly completed. Of the 350 
questionnaires completed, 270 (82%) and 60 (18%) are 
students and faculty members, respectively. The instrument 
adopted for the study was a two-part questionnaire that was 

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17826583 IJO JOURNALS

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

sent to respondents within the library premises. Section A of 
the questionnaire collected basic information, while Section 
B contains the availability, use, and services of ICT provided 
by the Kwara State university library to students and faculty. 
Validated, tested for facial validation, and administered 
personally by the researcher with the help of library staff. 
The data was analyzed using frequency tables and 
percentages. 

3.1 Results and Discussions  
Table 1: Status of Respondents 
Respondent Frequency Percentage 
Faculty 60 18% 
Students 270 82% 
Total 330 100% 
 

Table 1 shows that 60 (18%) of the respondents are faculty members, while the remaining 270 (82%) of the respondents are 
students. 

 

Table 2: KWASU's ICT Resource Availability 

Variables Faculty  Students 
Freq. %  Freq. % 

The library provides internet service  35 58  155 57 
The Library subscribes to electronic databases. 29 48  97 36 
The online public access catalogue (OPAC) is available in 
the library and on the campus network. 

33 55  194 72 

Provision of adequate computers for staff and students  41 68  198 73 
The Library provides binding and printing services. 33 55  156 58 
Audio & Video services are available for staff and students  41 68  198 73 

 

Table 2 indicates that both students and faculty use all the resources in the Kwara State University library. The respondents of 
the faculty indicated that the provision of suitable computers is the highest, with a frequency of 41 representing 68%, while the 
student respondents indicated that the provision of binding and printing services is the highest, with a frequency of 198 
representing 73%. The respondents of the faculty indicated the use of the Internet in the library at a rate of 35, with a rate of 
58%, while the respondents of the students indicated that they used the Internet at a rate of 155, representing 57% of the 
expected because only final year students are allowed to use the multimedia library. The least use of ICT for both faculty 
members 29(48%) and students 97(36%) was the use of electronic databases subscribed to by the library. The reason may be 
the lack of awareness of both faculty and students. Of 194 student respondents, 72% indicated the use of the OPAC maintained 
by the library. This confirms the study by Iwu and Yusuf (2010) on the means of finding library materials in the Covenant 
University library; the study revealed that 61.9% of the students used the OPAC. 
 

Table 3: Reasons for Using Internet Service 

 
Variables 

Faculty Students 
Freq. % Freq. % 

Updating knowledge 50 83% 186 69% 
In-depth research work 33 55% 173 64% 
Consult the reference materials 30 50% 165 61% 
Browsing the web 32 53% 197 73% 
Prepare for the examination 34 57% 155 57% 
Complete project work. 25 42% 179 66% 
Communication 34 57% 146 54% 
Leisure/recreation 21 35% 130 48% 

 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

Table 3 reveals reasons for using the internet by both faculty and students. The faculty respondents, with the highest frequency 
of 50 representing (83%) using the internet in the library to while the majority of students, 179 (66%), use the internet to 
complete project. This is followed by 34 (57%) of the faculty respondents who use the internet for 197 (73%) of student 
respondents use the internet to surf the web. The internet is used by the fewest number of faculty respondents, 15 (representing 
35%). A total of 130 students responded, accounting for (48%) of the total. use the internet for leisure or recreation. Table 3 
reveals that 66% of the student respondents use the internet to complete the project. 

Table 4 shows the frequency with which 1CT is 
used 
at 
KWA
SU. 

 

 

 

 

Table 4 indicates that the majority of faculty (19, 32%) and 
students (64, 24%) at Kwara State University sometimes use 
ICT in the university library, while 15 (25%) of faculty 
respondents use ICT very often and 80 (30%) of student 
respondents use it very often, 16 (27%) of faculty. Although 
59 (22%) of student respondents rarely use it, 10 (16%) of 
faculty members never use ICT in the university library, 
while 67 (24%) of students do. Respondents never use it. One 
could deduce from table 4 that students use ICT in the library 
most. This is expected. Because faculty members have 
limited time. Moreover, they have PCs in their offices that 
are connected to the internet. Nwezeh (2010) in a similar 
study on the use of ICT at Obafemi Awolowo University 
reveals that 71% of faculties use the internet in their offices. 

Table 5: What are the problems encountered by faculty 
and students? 

 

Table 5 above reveals the problems encountered by both 
faculty and students. 40 The respondents, representing 67% 
of faculty, have the highest challenge for the use of the 
library. While 157 (58%) of the student respondents 
indicated an uncooperative attitude of library staff, A notable 
number, 38(63%), of the faculty respondents indicated 
inadequate training of library staff. 155 (57%) of student 
respondents indicated lack of internet connectivity as 
problem. A total of 21 (35%) and 135 (50%) of faculty and 
student respondents, respectively, indicated One of the 
challenges is epileptic power supply. This is in line with the 
findings of Krubu and Osawaru (2011) reveals some factors 
hindering the impact of ICT in Nigerian university libraries. 
Lack of search skills, epileptic power supply, expensive 
software and hardware, and huge amount of money spent on 
fuel generators. 

Table 6: Assessment of library resources and services 

Assessment 
Rating 

Library 
Resources 

Library 
Services 

Excellent 55 17% 30 9% 
Very Well 185 56% 69  21% 
Well 75 23% 171 52% 
Fair 15 4% 60 18% 
Total 330 100% 330 100% 

Table 6 shows the assessment of the library resources and 
services by both faculty and students. The resources were 
rated very well by faculty and students, with a frequency of 
185, representing 56%, while 55, representing 17%, rated it 
excellent. Library services were rated badly compared to the 
rating for library resources. 30 of the respondents, 
representing 9%, rated library service as excellent, while 69, 
representing 21%, rated the service as very good. The highest 
rating for the library services was 171 representing 52% and 
it was rated while that of library resources was 185 
representing 56% and it was rated very well. This implies 
that the library services rendered at Kwara State University 
library should be improved upon. 

4.0 Discuss of results. 

According to the results regarding the availability of ICT 

PERIOD FACULTY STUDENTS 
Freq. % Freq. % 

Very Often 15 25% 80 30% 
Sometimes 19 32% 64 24% 
Rarely 16 27% 59 22% 
Never 10 16% 67 24% 
Total 60 100% 270 100% 

Problems Faculty Students 
Freq. % Freq. % 

Epileptic power supply 21 35 135 50 
Lack internet connectivity 30 50 155 57 
Time constraint 40 67 89 33 
Inadequate training of 

library staff 
38 63 144 53 

Uncooperative attitude of 
library staff 

15 25 157 58 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

resources and services for use by both faculty and students, it 
was found that KWASU library has very good ICT resources 
and Internet service has greater use. This is in line with the 
findings of Ilo and Ifijeh (2010), that 94% of Covenant 
University final year students found internet use beneficial 
for their projects. These findings also confirmed the findings 
of Nwezeh (2010) in a study on the use of ICT in Nigerian 
universities, which found that 78% of employees and 85% of 
students at Obafemi Awolowo University use the Internet for 
their projects. Also, the results show that 32% of the faculty 
and 24% of the students in KWASU sometimes use ICT in 
the university library. Furthermore, 63% of faculty members 
cited insufficient training of library staff as a problem facing 
library use, while 58% of student respondents indicated an 
uncooperative attitude of library staff. However, what 
students perceive as the uncooperative attitude of the library 
staff cannot be separated from some of the shortcomings 
shown by the library staff. Essentially, both students and 

faculty saw insufficient training for library staff as a 
hindrance in their quest to benefit from the services offered 
by the library. This is consistent with the findings of Krubu 
and Osawaru (2011), which identified some of the factors 
hampering the impact of ICT in Nigerian libraries, such as 
lack of research skills, epileptic power supply, etc. Energy 
Source is the least challenging, with 21 (35%) recurrences by 
faculty and 135 (50%) by student respondents. This shows 
that despite the overall challenge of intermittent and 
unreliable electricity supply in Nigeria, the KWASU Library 
has made a breakthrough in uninterruptible power supply, 
thus ensuring unimpeded access to its ICT resources. 
However, training and retraining of librarians is essential to 
make them better serve the library's users. 

 

 

5.0 Recommendations. 

1. In as much as the Federal Government should be 
commended for integrating ICT into the mainstream of the 
education system, it should strive to ensure that the power 
supply is uninterrupted across the country. This is the only 
way in which the government can ensure the use of ICT in 
Nigerian libraries. 

2 The problems faced by both students and faculty members 
in using ICT resources show that library users need to be 
more encouraged to use the library by better serving them. 
Hence, it is recommended that the library management 
conduct a regular evaluation of the performance of all the 
library staff so that the instances of users' dissatisfaction with 
the provision of the service are reduced to a minimum. Thus, 
the weaknesses, strengths, and capabilities of the library staff 
will be identified in order to strengthen them for better 
performance. 

3. Finally, regular and up-to-date training on the use of ICT 
resources available in Nigerian libraries and their benefits for 
both library users and academics is recommended. 

5.1 Conclusion 

It is clear from the study that ICTs have brought Nigerian 
libraries access to a greater range of resources. The use of the 
Internet and its resources as an integral part of ICT has added 
value to the services provided by Nigerian libraries. Access 

to current and usable information services through the use of 
ICT is expected to facilitate the development of society. 
Community development can only be enhanced by 
eliminating all barriers and providing ICT facilities in all the 
libraries located in Nigeria. 

 

References 

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[2] Aina, L.O. (2004). Coping With the Challenges of Library and 
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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  

( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                                       Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                                              Volume 08 || Issue 10 || October, 2025 || 
“THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KWARA STATE 

UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, MALETE, NIGERIA." 

 

 

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http://www.white-clouds.com/iclc/cliej/cl30YI.pdf
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