

































 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC 

LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCE 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Abstract 

This study examines the prerequisites and challenges associated with implementing artificial 

intelligence (AI) in Nigerian academic libraries. Through an exploratory research approach and a 

comprehensive literature review, the study identifies key factors necessary for the adoption of 

AI, including policy frameworks, digital infrastructure, human capital development, and data 

security. The study reveals significant challenges, such as high implementation costs, technical 

skill gaps, and infrastructure deficiencies. Recommendations include government and university 

support for AI implementation and targeted training for librarians to ensure the successful 

integration of AI technology. 

Keywords: AI in Academic Libraries, Adoption Challenges, Digital Infrastructure, Human Capital 

Development, Machine Learning Applications. 

 

 

 

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Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1, Mohammed Lawal Akanbi2,

Ganiyat Olayinka Bello3,and  Basirat Raji 4

1Kwara State University, Nigeria

2Kwara State University of Education, Ilorin

3Kwara State University, Nigeria

(4Kwara State University, Nigeria)



 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

Introduction. 

The advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and subsequent technological 

innovations have consistently driven transformative changes in library operations and services. 

As a vital component of academic institutions, libraries play a crucial role in supporting scholarly 

pursuits by providing seamless access to information. To remain relevant and effective in 

facilitating teaching, learning, and research, modern academic libraries must continually adapt to 

the rapidly evolving technological landscape. The increasing adoption of digital technologies in 

libraries has led to significant shifts in information service delivery, primarily through 

automation. According to Memela (2023), the evolution of academic library automation has 

progressed from traditional card systems to computerisation, digitisation, electronic resources, 

radio frequency identification (RFID), and most recently, artificial intelligence (AI). This 

technological progression has significantly enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of library 

operations and services, setting a new standard for excellence in the field. 

 

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the latest milestone in technological development, 

has revolutionised library operations and services. As a result, AI adoption has emerged as a 

strategic imperative for academic libraries worldwide, enabling enhanced efficiency and 

effectiveness in their functions (Eiriemiokhale & Sulyman, 2023). The rapid evolution of AI 

technologies necessitates that librarians remain abreast of these advancements and adapt 

library processes and services accordingly. To achieve this, librarians must demonstrate a high 

degree of dedication to service design and delivery while also embracing proactive and 

innovative approaches to their work. By doing so, libraries can harness the full potential of AI to 

drive transformative change and improve user experiences. 

 

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Nigerian libraries is presently limited, with recent 

studies (Odeyemi, 2019; Ajani et al., 2022; Yusuf et al., 2022; Oyekale, 2023) highlighting the 

need for further investigation. The slow pace of adoption raises concerns about the ability of 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

academic libraries to remain competitive and keep pace with global trends in information access 

initiatives. In response, this research aims to conduct a comprehensive examination of the 

requirements and challenges associated with the successful adoption of AI in academic library 

operations and services in Nigeria. Specifically, the study will focus on identifying the key issues 

that impact AI adoption in Nigerian libraries by exploring these issues. 

Foundational Frameworks of Artificial Intelligence: Principles, Concepts, and Paradigms 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a multifaceted and dynamic field that encompasses a wide range of 

technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and 

robotics (Lowendal & Calhoun Williams, 2018). According to Bughin et al. (2018), AI capabilities 

comprise various components, such as machine learning, natural language text understanding, 

virtual agents, and autonomous vehicles. These descriptions underscore the broad scope of AI, 

which draws upon multidisciplinary concepts, theories, and practices from fields such as 

philosophy, mathematics, psychology, linguistics, and computer science (Amudha, 2022). At its 

core, AI involves the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically 

require human intelligence, such as decision-making, object detection, and complex problem-

solving (Memela, 2023). This necessitates a high level of intelligence, akin to human capabilities, 

in areas such as thinking, reasoning, comprehension, learning, judgement, and inference. 

By combining these attributes, AI systems can mimic human-like intelligence, enabling them to 

make informed decisions and solve complex problems. Though the use of AI has not gained 

much popularity in Nigeria, it is regarded as part of the 4th industrial revolution (Park, 2019) and 

originated from the assumption of John McCarthy in 1956, who stated that every aspect of 

learning and other forms of intelligence can be simulated through the use of machines (Wang, 

2018). The originator further defines AI as the ‘science and engineering of making intelligent 

machines, particularly intelligent ones’ to use the computer to study the intelligence and 

associated decision-making skills of humans (Amudha, 2022). Theoretically, the emergence of 

the field of AI stems from the recognition that computers, initially designed for digital 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

computing, can be leveraged to perform complex cognitive tasks such as theorem proving and 

strategic play, thus facilitating the exploration of human intelligence and decision-making 

processes through computational modelling (Amudha, 2022). Theoretical. This implies that the 

theory of artificial intelligence is centred on the mix between human intelligence and computer 

intelligence. 

 AI in Academic Libraries: Strategic Objectives, Potential Benefits, and Anticipated Impacts of AI 

Integration in Academic Libraries 

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic libraries has been recognised as a 

transformative force, revolutionising library processes and services (Halburagi, Suryakanth, & 

Mukarambi, 2023). The strategic objectives of AI adoption in libraries include improved search 

and discovery of materials, personalised library services, digitisation and preservation of library 

materials, and enhanced accessibility of library resources. According to Cox (2022), AI plays a 

crucial role in mining published literature, enabling researchers to efficiently navigate vast 

amounts of literature. AI-powered machine learning algorithms facilitate seamless navigation of 

library collections, eliminating the need for manual searching (Cox, 2022). 

The potential benefits of AI in academic libraries are multifaceted. Memela (2023) describes AI 

as a "new hope" for libraries, enabling the provision of automated services and playing a major 

role in the upcoming 5th industrial revolution. Studies have shown that AI can increase 

productivity, improve customer satisfaction, enhance information accessibility, and facilitate 

collaboration and knowledge sharing (Ogwo, Ibegbulem, & Nwachukwu, 2023). AI can also 

simplify library functions, enhance librarian efficiency, and promote quality service delivery 

(Olayode, 2023). Furthermore, AI can provide error-free operations, work around the clock 

without fatigue, and free librarians to focus on more demanding tasks (Omame & Alex-Nmecha, 

2020). 

The impact of artificial intelligence on library operations and services is profound. AI can analyse 

texts, create knowledge models, and make decisions using machine learning algorithms. AI chat 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

bots, such as Chat GPT, can be integrated into daily library workflows, providing practical tools 

for specific tasks. The capabilities of AI include robotic process automation, computer vision, 

machine learning, natural language text understanding, and virtual agents/conversational 

interfaces (Bughin et al., 2018). According to Balsubramanian and Tamilselvan (2023), the impact 

of AI on library operations and services manifests in various ways, including: 

Optimised Search and Discovery Capabilities: Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered search systems 

revolutionise the way users discover relevant resources by leveraging advanced algorithms and 

machine learning techniques. These systems analyse user search behaviour, identify patterns, 

and suggest pertinent resources, ensuring a more efficient and personalised experience. 

Strategic Collection Development and Management: Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly 

enhance collection management in libraries by leveraging data-driven insights to inform 

selection and acquisition decisions. By analysing usage data, identifying popular items, and 

predicting future demand, AI can enable libraries to make more informed decisions about 

resource allocation and procurement. 

Efficient Processing and Organisation of Library Resources: Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolutionises 

the processing and organisation of library resources by streamlining cataloguing and 

classification workflows. By leveraging AI-powered technologies, libraries can significantly reduce 

the time and effort required to handle and arrange collections, thereby enhancing operational 

efficiency and productivity. 

Enhancing Inclusive Information Accessibility: Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a pivotal role in 

promoting inclusive information accessibility, particularly for individuals with disabilities, by 

providing innovative solutions that bridge the accessibility gap. By leveraging AI-powered 

technologies, libraries can offer a range of assistive features that facilitate equal access to 

resources and services. 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

Digital Preservation and Conservation of Library Resources: Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a vital 

role in the preservation of library resources, enabling the digitisation and conservation of fragile, 

rare, or deteriorating materials. By leveraging AI-powered technologies, libraries can mitigate the 

risk of loss or damage to physical documents while also enhancing their accessibility and usability 

for future generations. 

Data-Driven Insights and Decision Making: Artificial Intelligence (AI) empowers libraries to extract 

valuable insights from complex data sets, enabling data-driven decision making and service 

enhancement. By leveraging AI-powered analytics, libraries can evaluate circulation statistics, 

user activity, and resource utilisation to identify patterns, trends, and correlations. 

In conclusion, recent research by Subaveerapandiyan (2023) underscores the transformative 

potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in library settings. The study reveals that AI can significantly 

enhance information retrieval, automate routine tasks, and personalise user interactions, 

thereby elevating the overall user experience. Furthermore, AI-powered chatbots, such as 

ChatGPT, demonstrate exceptional efficacy in addressing user queries and providing instant 

assistance, resulting in improved user satisfaction. These findings highlight the critical role that AI 

can play in modernising library services, streamlining operations, and fostering a more user-

centric approach. By leveraging AI-driven solutions, libraries can optimise their services, improve 

user engagement, and remain relevant in an increasingly digital landscape. 

Modes of Artificial Intelligence Application in Academic Library Services: 

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic libraries can be achieved through various 

modes, as identified by multiple studies (Yu et al., 2019; Ali et al., 2020; Omame & Alex-Nmecha, 

2020; Olayode, 2022). These modes encompass a range of technologies, including AI-powered 

robots for tasks such as book sorting and retrieval, chatbots like ChatGPT for rapid and accurate 

responses to user queries, expert systems for specialised knowledge and support, facial 

recognition for enhanced security and user authentication, cloud computing for large-scale data 

storage and analysis, big data analytics for insights into user behaviour, and RFID technology for 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

streamlined inventory management. Notably, recent research by Adetayo (2023) underscores 

the potential of chatbots, particularly ChatGPT, as a valuable tool for library service delivery, 

offering advanced language processing capabilities and human-like responses to user queries. By 

harnessing these AI applications, libraries can significantly enhance user experiences, improve 

operational efficiency, and provide innovative services that support research and learning. 

Recent studies have highlighted the diverse applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in library 

services and operations. According to Nawaz, Gomez, and Saldin (2020) and Moustapha and 

Yusuf (2023), AI can be utilised in various areas, including automation of library routines, user 

identification, monitoring user activity, reference services, library security, teaching, and online 

messaging. Additionally, AI-powered tutorials can keep users informed about the latest 

developments in their field. In technical services, AI can be applied to tasks such as assigning and 

creating subject headings, taxonomies, and metadata descriptions, with librarians playing a 

crucial role in moderating metadata ethics and privacy (Corrado, 2021). Furthermore, AI-

powered expert systems can support research, indexing, online reference, and technical 

services, including acquisition, cataloguing, and classification (Mughalu, 2019). The strategic 

integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in libraries can significantly augment user 

experiences, optimise operational efficiency, and facilitate the development of innovative 

services, thereby redefining the contours of library services and user engagement. 

Recent studies by Lie et al. (2019), Kaushal and Yadav (2022), Balsubramanian and Tamilselvan 

(2023), and Halburagi and Mukarambi (2023) have elucidated the multifaceted applications of 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in library operations and services. These applications include the 

deployment of chatbots as virtual assistants, providing rapid support and referrals to users while 

minimising staff workload. AI-powered algorithms can analyse user behaviour and preferences, 

enable personalised recommendations, and enhance user satisfaction. Additionally, AI-assisted 

systems can automate tasks such as cataloguing, classification, and indexing, ensuring accurate 

and efficient processing of library materials. Furthermore, AI-driven analytics can provide 

valuable insights into user interactions with library resources, informing service improvements 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

and tailored offerings. AI technology also plays a critical role in digital preservation, facilitating 

the detection and repair of faulty files, optimising storage, and ensuring the long-term 

conservation of digital materials. By leveraging these AI applications, libraries can significantly 

enhance user experiences, improve operational efficiency, and provide innovative services that 

support research and learning. 

The successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic libraries necessitates 

careful preparation and consideration of key factors. According to Weija (2022), as cited by 

Subaveerapandiyan (2023), leadership, expertise in AI applications, acceptance of AI, awareness 

of AI, and an innovative environment are essential elements that influence libraries' 

preparedness to adopt AI. To ensure a seamless integration, library management should remain 

abreast of the latest developments and regularly assess the library's readiness for AI adoption. 

Furthermore, library personnel require a high level of awareness, comprehensive training, and a 

supportive environment that fosters innovation, encouraging staff to explore the potential of AI 

integration. By prioritising these factors, libraries can effectively harness the benefits of AI, 

enhancing user experiences, improving operational efficiency, and driving innovation in 

academic libraries. 

Requirements for AI Applications in the Library:  

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in libraries necessitates careful consideration of 

several key requirements. Research by Martinez-Plumed et al. (2021), Qomariyah et al. (2020), 

Decker (2015), Odeyemi (2019), and Owolabi et al. (2022) highlights the essential elements for AI 

application in libraries, including a policy document or framework, robust digital infrastructure, 

strong internet connectivity, expertise and skills in operating technology, human capacity and 

training, and sufficient data generation and organisation. Notably, AI relies on human-generated 

data, underscoring the importance of librarians' role in data creation and organisation. 

Consequently, librarians must possess data literacy skills, including understanding data types, 

sources, quality, privacy concerns, and ethical considerations, as Neuman et al. (2022), Lund and 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

Wang (2023), and Oyetola et al. (2023) have emphasised.Furthermore, librarians should be 

proficient in digital tools and technologies, including coding languages. Halburagi and Mukarambi 

(2023) provide additional insights into specific AI requirements for libraries, reinforcing the need 

for a comprehensive approach to AI adoption. By addressing these requirements, libraries can 

harness the potential of AI to enhance user experiences, improve operational efficiency, and 

drive innovation. 

The successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in libraries requires careful 

consideration of several key factors. 

A well-organised and easily accessible database of collections and user information is essential to 

support AI applications, which can be achieved through digitisation of library resources and 

thorough data capture. A robust AI infrastructure, comprising computer hardware, software, and 

reliable internet connectivity, is also crucial. Furthermore, expertise in AI development is 

necessary to build and maintain the AI system, requiring professionals with knowledge of AI 

programming languages, data analytics, machine learning algorithms, and related tools. High-

quality data sets are also vital for training AI models, and robust data privacy and security 

measures must be implemented to protect user data and ensure compliance with data 

protection regulations. Additionally, specific areas of AI application should be identified, and AI 

technology should be integrated with existing library systems to minimise operational disruption. 

Ultimately, user training is a critical necessity for successful AI implementation, requiring 

education and training for both library personnel and patrons to ensure proper deployment and 

utilisation of the technology. 

The Imperative of Addressing Institutional Challenges in AI Adoption: 

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in Nigerian libraries is beset by 

substantial challenges, as corroborated by recent empirical studies. Notably, research conducted 

by Rotimi et al. (2022), Owolabi et al. (2022), and Adeyeye et al. (2023) reveals a conspicuously 

low level of AI adoption in library operations and services, characterised by the predominance of 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

manual processes and a marked lack of preparedness to integrate emerging technologies. This 

scenario highlights the limitations of AI adoption prospects in these libraries, which are likely 

attributable to institutional deficiencies. 

Institutional Concerns as a Barrier to AI Adoption 

The findings of Bawack and Nkolo (2018) and Tella (2020) further reinforce the notion that 

institutional concerns constitute a significant impediment to AI deployment in libraries, 

particularly in African countries. These concerns necessitate urgent attention to unlock the 

transformative potential of AI in enhancing library services and operations. 

Key Implications 

1. Addressing Institutional Inadequacies: Nigerian libraries must prioritise addressing institutional 

challenges to facilitate successful AI adoption. 

2. Capacity Building: Librarians require training and development to integrate AI technologies 

into library services effectively. 

3. Strategic Planning: Libraries need to develop strategic plans to harness the potential of AI, 

ensuring alignment with institutional goals and objectives. 

By acknowledging and addressing these challenges, Nigerian libraries can navigate the 

complexities of AI adoption and harness its potential to enhance user experiences, improve 

operational efficiency, and drive innovation. 

Several factors, including the lack of necessary facilities, inadequate policies, and ineffective 

library management, hinder the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in 

Nigerian libraries. Studies by Odeyemi reveal a low level of readiness for AI adoption, attributing 

it to financial uncertainties, incomplete automation, skill gaps, fear of job loss, inadequate 

technological infrastructure, and unreliable power supply. Additional challenges include ethical 

concerns, privacy issues, high system development and maintenance costs, and limited 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

availability of AI experts. These factors underscore the importance of sufficient financial 

provision for successful AI implementation. Given the current economic realities and low 

financial allocation to education in Nigeria, the prospect of fully implementing AI in the 

education system appears to be challenging, highlighting the need for strategic planning and 

resource allocation to overcome these challenges. 

Conclusion and Future Directions: 

This study explores the feasibility of adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in Nigerian 

academic libraries, recognising the pervasive presence of AI in various aspects of modern life. As 

AI has become an integral part of personal devices, its potential applications in libraries warrant 

examination. This research focuses on identifying the key requirements for successful AI 

implementation in academic libraries, including policy frameworks, digital infrastructure, human 

capacity development, data for training, and data privacy and security. Additionally, the study 

highlights the challenges associated with AI adoption, primarily related to financial constraints, 

which are contingent upon institutional and political will. By understanding these requirements 

and challenges, libraries can better navigate the complexities of AI integration and harness its 

potential to enhance services and operations. 

Recommendations 

Based on the study's findings, the following recommendations are proposed to facilitate the 

successful adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in Nigerian academic libraries: 

1. Adequate Financial Provision: The government should allocate sufficient funds to institutions of 

higher learning to support the development and implementation of AI technology, particularly 

for providing AI-related infrastructural facilities in libraries and other relevant administrative 

functions. 

2. Diversification of Funding Sources: University authorities and library administrations should 

explore additional funding opportunities beyond TETFUND, such as grants, philanthropic 

support, and partnerships with non-governmental organisations, to supplement financial 

resources for AI adoption. 

3. Staff Training and Development: Library administrations should prioritise staff training and 

professional development to ensure a seamless transition to AI-enhanced operations and 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

services. This should include technology literacy, hands-on experience with AI tools, and 

proficiency in digital tools and technologies. 

4. Digital Literacy and AI Competence: Librarians should possess fundamental knowledge of AI, 

including its capabilities, limitations, and techniques such as machine learning, natural language 

processing, and data mining, as well as proficiency in coding languages. 

5. Data Protection and Security: Libraries should implement robust data protection measures to 

safeguard user privacy, ensuring the security of patron data and biographical information. 

By implementing these recommendations, Nigerian academic libraries can effectively harness 

the potential of AI technology to enhance services, improve efficiency, and support research and 

learning. 

 

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(2) Adetayo, A. J. (2023). Artificial intelligence chatbots in academic libraries: The rise of 

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(3) Ajani, Y. A., Tella, A., Salawu, K. Y and Abdullahi. F (2022): Perspectives of Librarians on 

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( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

(7) Bawack, R. and Nkolo, P., 2018. Open access movement: Reception and acceptance by 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

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https://doi.org/10.1108/LHTN-05-2020 0047


 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

(28) Yusuf, T, Adebayo, O, Bello, L & Kayode J. (2022) Adoption of Artificial Intelligence for 

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(e-journal) 2022:6804. 

 

 

 

 

 

Authors Short Biography: 

(1) Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha is a distinguished librarian and information 

professional with expertise in cataloging and classification, as well as information 

management. He currently serves as a cataloguer at the Kwara State University 

Library in Nigeria and adjunct Mosque librarian at the Ilorin Central Jum’mat 

Mosque Library. As an active member of the Chartered Librarian of Nigeria (CLN) 

and the Nigerian Library Association (NLA), he has demonstrated a strong 

commitment to the library and information science profession. 

 

 
 

(2) Dr. Muhammed Lawal Akanbi is a distinguished academic and library professional, 

currently serving as the University Librarian at Kwara State University of Education. 

With a strong background in library and information science, he is chartered with 

the Librarians Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) since 2005.      

 
 

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 IJO- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH  
( ISSN 2811-2466 )                                                                                                         Abdrahman Atanda Moustapha1*  

https://ijojournals.com/                                                                       Volume 08 || Issue 08 || August, 2025 || 

“ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF NEED AND HINDRANCES." 

 
 

 

(3) Ganiyat Olayinka Bello is a distinguished library professional and Certified Librarian 

of Nigeria (CLN). She holds a First-Class degree in Library and Information Science, 

demonstrating her academic excellence and commitment to the field.                    

  

 

 

 

 

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(4)  Basirat Raji is a dedicated professional librarian serving at Kwara State University 

Library, where she leverages her expertise in Library and Information Science to deliver 

exceptional services. Holding a bachelor's and master's degree in library and 

Information Science, Mrs Basirat has developed a strong foundation in the technical 

aspects of librarianship.


