Article XL — Descriptions of new Cynipidce in the Collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History*. By C. P. Gillette, of the Iowa Experiment Station. FAMILY CYNIPID^. SUBFAMILY CYNIPIN^. Genus Diastrophus Hartig. D. scutellaris n. sp. Gall-fly.— Female.—Head, thorax, and scutellum black; mandibles, antennae, legs, and abdomen yellow-rufous. Length, 3 mm. Head black, shining, face coarsely striate and sparsely haired, frontal carina rather prominent and striate, a deep groove extending up on the front, from between the antennae, containing the middle ocellus at its upper end, the ridges or carina on either side of the groove finely aciculate, the outer ocelli borne on the summit of the vertex, the latter shining and having a few punctures in the vicinity of the ocelli; occi- put aciculate. Thorax: collar covered with a growth of rather long hair, mesothorax black, polished, and covered with a net- work of microscopic depressed lines, humeri coarsely aciculate * The following descriptions of new Cynipidce were made during a recent vacation visit at the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, and it is through the kindness of the Director, Dr. S. A. Forbes, and Hon. R. P. Speer, Director of the Iowa Experiment Sta- tion, that I am permitted to publish them in this iJuUetin. I wish here to express my most hearty thanks to Dr. Forbes for the free use allowed me of the library, collection, microscopes and other laboratory equipments during my visit, and also for the excel- lent cuts made under his direction to illustrate the present paper. Mr. C. A. Hart and llr. John Marten I have to thank for many favors received. Types of all the species here described may be found in the col- lection of the Laboratory. 192 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History or wrinkled, pleurae finely aciculate and rufous in color. The parapsidal grooves and median groove are broad and very deep near the scutellura, but become narrower and shallower as they extend forward; the parapsides extend to the collar, but the median groove disappears on reaching the posterior ends of the two parallel lines extending back from the collar. The lateral grooves* are very distinct. Scutellum bifoveate, coarsely sculpt- ured, and remarkable for being much drawn out posteriorly. The length of the scutellum is nearly equal to the distance from the scutellum to the collar. Abdomen entirely yellow- rufous, 2d segment occupying about one half of the dorsal sur- face, 3d segment about two thirds as long as the 2d, follow- ing segments very narrow; surface polished, irapunctured. Feet, including coxse, entirely yellow-rufous. Wings hyaline or very slightly smoky, radial nervure very distinctly bowed, the tip being thrown towards the costa; 1st and 2d transverse nervures very heavy, the usual dark stain at the base of the radial nervure present, areolet medium. Described from a single female taken by sweeping in a wheat field 20th May, 1884. Accessions number, 1881. Illinois. Gall unknown. Genus Antistrophus Walsh. A. silphii n. sp. Galls.— Abrupt sub-globular swellings from 1 to If inches in diameter at the tips of the stems of Silphium integ- rifoUum and perfoliatum (Plate IX., Fig. 1). The inner por- tion of the gall is made up almost entirely of a rather dense pithy material that cuts with some difficulty. Interspersed through the gall are numerous oval larval cells, and also open spaces or cavities that do not contain insects. (Plate IX., Fig. 2.) The larval cells are not woody, as is usually the case in cynipidous galls, but their walls are of pith like the sur- rounding gall substance. * The short grooves starting on the mesothorax at a point near the outer angles of the scutelhim and extending outside of the parap- sides to a point about opposite the bases of the wings, I sh;ill term lateral grooves in these descriptions to distinguish them from the other lines of the mesothorax. Descriptions of Xeiv Cynipidce 193 These galls are very common in the vicinity of Champaign, 111., on stems of Silphiiim integri/oliimi, and Mr. Hart had collected similar galls at Mormal, III, from S. perfoliatmn, from which flies were reared that were in every way identical with those from galls of the other species. Gall-fly.—Female.— Black, head and thorax opaque, ab- domen shining, antennae, except first two joints, spot on man- dibles, and anterior and middle pairs of tibias, ferruginous or dusky ferruginous. Length, 3-4 mm. Head: Face deeply and densely striate, median ridge, below the insertion of the antennae, densely and finely sculptured but not striate; gense, vertex, and occiput densely sculptured, the sculptures being in the form of minute shining pits, as seen under a power of 70 diameters. Thorax: collar and mesothorax finely and deeply sculptured, parapsidal grooves distinct, median . groove broad at scutellum and traceable to collar, lateral grooves distinct, all of the mesothoracic furrows sculptured at the bottom. The two parallel lines running back from the collar appear smooth and shining. Scutellum bifoveate, coarsely wrinkled posteriorly aud finely and densely sculptured throughout, including the bottom of the foveas and the spaces between the wrinkles; pleuras opaque and sculptured like the mesothorax but less deeply. The sculpturing of this insect may be described as a net-work of raised lines enclosing smooth shin- ing spots. Abdomen piceous black, polished, 2d joint occupying one half of the dorsal surface, 3d joint one half as broad as the second, succeeding joints to 7th usually plainly visible, 4th and succeeding joints finely punctured. A power of 70 diam- eters shows slight punctures on 3d segment also. Antenna? 14-jointed, rufous, except the first two joints, which are usually black, but sometimes inclined to rufous, joints 1 and 2 stout, joints 3 and 4 equal in length, last joint once and a half as long as the preceding, length of entire antennae 2-4 mm. Wings': hyaline, radial cell open, radial nervure reaching costal margin, all the nervures very slender, areolet wanting. The entire insect is very free from pubescence. The male differs from the female by being but 2| to 3 mm. in length, on account of its smaller abdomen, and by having 194 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History the last joint o£ the antennae as long as the two preceding joints. Described from 60 bred specimens bearing accessions num- bers 1928, 5206, 15605, and 15665, all from Illinois. The flies live over winter in the galls and emerge from them during the months of May and June of the following year. A. laciniatus n. sp. Galls.—Individual galls are egg-shaped, from 4 to 5 mm. in length, and occur in clusters un the receptacles of the flowers oiSilphium ladniatum. (Plate IX., Fig. 8.) Mr. C. A. Hart has collected a number of these gall-clusters and in description of them says : '' They always occur in well-ripened, healthy- looking flower heads, but do not show until the weather has removed the uninfested flowerets. They are always produced in the sterile flowers of the disk, towards the center." Gall-fly. — Female.— Head and thorax opaque black, abdomen shining rufo-piceous, antennas black; length, 3 mm. Head: face between eyes and mouth rather coarsely acicu- late, median ridge with a few coarse punctures or pits, entire surface of head finely and densely sculptured, as in the preced- ing species, middle ocellus at the upper extremity of a broad furrow extending up from the antennae, the two outer ocelli on the summit of the vertex, mandibles rufous on median portion. Antennae black, 13-jointed, joints 3 and 4 equal, last joint al- most as long as the two preceding; length, 2.3 mm. Thorax,, including scutellum, as in the preceding species. Abdomen rufo-piceous, polished, rather globose, 2d segment occupying scarcely more than one third of the dorsum, 3d segment broad, 3d and succeeding segments densely punctured. Wings hyaline, pubescent, nervures very light, areolet wanting. Feet, includ- ing coxae, black; tip of femora, tarsi, and anterior tibias rufous. Male.— Length, 2 mm.; antennae 14-jointed, as long as the body ; abdomen black, 2d segment occupying fully one half of the dorsum ; otherwise as the female. This species is easily distinguished from A. silphii by the black antennae, which are 13-jointed in the female, by its much Descriptions of New Cijnipidce 195 less robust thorax, by its more globose abdomen, and by having the third abdominal segment densely punctured. Described from three males and three females bred from galls collected at Champaign, 111., by Mr. John Marten. Ac- cessions number, 15073. A. rufus n. sp. While looking through the Laboratory collection for Cy- nipidee I was much interested in finding a vial containing a section of a stem of Silphiam laciniatum and a number of two species of Cyuipidge bred from it. There was not the slightest indication of a gall upon the stem, and it was found that the flies had emerged from little cells in the pith exactly like the cells in the pithy substance of the galls of A. silphii^ above described. In company with Mr. C. A. Hart I visited fields where this species of Silphiiim was growing, and we found that the majority of the stems were more or less infested with cy- nipidous larvaa, hundreds of which could, in some cases, be found in a single stem; but in no case was there any indication of the formation of a gall. An illustration of a stem contain- ing these cells is given at Fig. 4, (PL IX). After finding the stems of Silphium laciniatum so much infested, we pushed our investigations farther and found similar larval cells abundant in Silphium perfoliatum^ S. terebinthinaceum^ and S. hitegri- folium. Whether the flies when bred from these stems will all prove to be one or the other of the two species here described, cannot yet be told. Gall-fly.— Female.— Color, rufous; vertex, mesonotura, and scutellum black ; head and thorax opaque ; length, 3 mm. Head and thorax minutely sculptured throughout as de- scribed in the two preceding species, face finely aciculate be- tween eyes and mouth, vertex and the portion of the occiput immediately back of it black, tips of the mandibles infuscate, the remainder of the head rufous. Antennae 13-jointed, 4th joint a trifle longer than the 3d, the last joint as long as the two preceding and bearing a connate suture that in some po- sitions makes it appear to be two joints, rufous in color, and 2 mm. in length. Thorax: parapsidal furrows extending to col- lar, median groove not quite reaching the two parallel lines from 196 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History collar ; lateral grooves distinct. The median portion of the pleura3 appears finely aciculated, but they are finely sculptured throughout. Scutelluni bifoveate and more coarsely sculptured than the mesonotum but not wrinkled like the two species just described. Foveae broad and shallow and sculptured at bottom like the rest of the scutellum. Abdomen dark rufous, almost black above, 2d segment occupying somewhat less than half of the dorsum, apical portion of 3d segment feebly punctured, fol- lowing segments, except 7th, more strongly and densely punct- ured, 7th segment covered with a net-work of fine lines but no punctures. Wings hyaline, nervures, except the two transverse, very slender, areolet wanting. Feet, including cox re, entirely rufous, tibiae of the hind pair in a few cases rather dark. Male.—Length, 2.2 mm., 2d abdominal segment occupying half of the dorsum, antenna3 14-jointed, last segment once and a half as long as the preceding; otherwise as female. Described from numerous bred specimens from alcohol; accessions number 5500. Illinois. A. minor n. sp. Bred from the same stem of SUphium as the preceding species and about half as numerous. Gall-fly.—At first sight the flies of this species appear to be miniatures of A. rufiis, but there are structural differences that make it necessary to give them a separate description. They differ from rufus as follows: Length of females 2 mm., of males 1^ mm.; collar deeper rufous. The most apparent structural differences are in the mesothorax and scutellum. The parapsidal and median grooves in minor do not appear as sharply defined furrows but only as broad slightly depressed lines with sloping sides. The foveas of the scutellum are rather deep at base, extend far back, and are not separated by a sharply defined septum but by a broad slightly elevated ridge. The scutellum is also longer in proportion to its breadth and is perceptibly narrowed at the sides, about midway of the length. Accessions number, 5500. Descriptions ofNew Cijnipidce 197 A. bicolor n. sp. Gall-fly.—Female.—Head and thorax opaque black, abdo- men and antennae rufous; length, 3 mm. Head black, finely and densely sculptured, mandibles except tips rufous, face between eyes and mouth coarsely aciculate, frontal ridge rather prominent, ocelli in nearly a straight line. Antennas dark rufous, 13-jointed, 3d and 4th joints equal in length, 13th joint about as long as the two preceding taken together. Thorax, including pleurae, densely and finely sculptured, parapsidal and median furrows distinct and extending to the collar, lateral furrows and two parallel lines plainly marked. Scutellum sculptured like the meso- notum, bifoveate. Abdomen rufous, polished, 2 I segment occu- pying a little more than one third of the dorsum, 3d seg- ment very broad, and microscopically punctured on apical portion, succeeding segments to the 7th all exposed and rather densely punctured as seen under a power of 70 diameters, venter rather prominent, and ovipositor sheaths projecting slightly. Feet: the tarsi, tibiae of front pair, and joints of all the legs are more or less rufous, the remaining portions black. Wings hyaline, radial cell open, all the nervures, except the two transverse, very weak, areolet entirely wanting. Described from a single specimen from Normal, III., ac- cessions number 2581. Gall unknown. Genus Acraspis Mate. A. compressus n. sp. Gall.—Small sub-globular bodies from 2 to 3 mm. in diameter attached to the under side of the leaves of the red oak, Querciis rubra, in the fall, about the time the leaves are beginning to turn brown. The galls appear like wax, and are either pure white or tinged with red while on the leaves, and when cut into are fleshy and juicy like a potato. The galls fall to the ground with or a little before the leaves, and each develops a single larva which gets its growth in the fall but does not emerge until the following summer. Only a very thin shell of the gall is left after the fly emerges. 198 1_^ Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History Gall-fly.—Females.—Head and thorax rufous, abdomen black, head nearly twice as broad as thorax, the latter very small and narrow, abdomen very much compressed and, when viewed from the side, appearing twice as large as the head and thorax together. Head: face and genae reddish brown, vertex and occiput dark brown, mandibles black, clypeus punctured and with few hairs, the entire head covered with a net-work of depressed lines; "antennae rufous, 14-jointed. Thorax very small and narrow, seeming, when viewed from above, out of all pro- portion with the comparatively large and very bro^d head; sculptured like the head without the usual furrows; scutellum very narrow and much elevated posteriorly, and appearing, when viewed laterally, in the shape of a crow's beak; a shining transverse groove but no foveas at base. Abdomen very strong- ly compressed, not broader in the thickest part than the thorax, shining black in color with some rufous at base, free from hairs or punctures, as deep as long, its length compared with that of the entire insect being as 3 to 5 and the 2d segment occupying fully two thirds of the dorsum. Feet dark reddish brown. Wings entirely wanting. Described from two specimens cut from galls taken at Ames, Iowa, where they are common. Genus Dryophanta Fokst. D. lanata n. sp. Galls.—During late summer and autumn the galls of this species are found on the under side of leaves of Quercus rubra and Q. coccinea, appearing externally as little bunches of compact brown wool (PI. IX., Fig. 5), and hardly distin- guishable in outward appearance from the galls of Andricusjlocci Walsh. The galls seldom occur singly, but usually in clusters of from four to eight. A cluster of eight galls when fully grown will measure about I of an inch in width by § of an inch in length. An individual gall when denuded of its covering is in the form of an irregularly shaped cone with a bulging base, the diameter of the base being three or four sixteenths of an inch, which is nearly twice the height. PLATE IX. Fig. 1. Fio. 8. KlG. Deseriptions of New Cynipidce 199 The galls fall to the ground in the autumn in advance of the leaves, and the flies emerge the following summer. The galls are abundant at Ames, Iowa, and I have taken a number in the vicinity of Champaign, 111. Gall-fly.—A robust, black species, with more or less rufous on face, mesonotum, scutellum, and sides of abdomen. Length, 3^ to 4 mm. Head: Face scabrous, shining, with very few hairs; vertex black, sub-opaque, finely and densely sculptured; ocelli consid- erably elevated, clypeus polished, emarginate, punctured; an- tennse black, 14-jointed (in one specimen 13-jointed), a trifle over 2 mm. in length; joints 1 and 2 stout, the latter sub- globular, joint 3 one third longer than joint 4, last joint scarcely longer than the preceding. Thorax: mesothorax covered with a fine net-work of depressed lines leaving irregular raised portions that are highly polished, parapsides narrow but well defined, polished at the bottom and reaching the collar, median groove showing plainly at scutellum but soon disap- pearing as it runs forward; the two parallel grooves from the collar narrow at first, then spreading out in broad furrows with sloping sides traceable about one third of the way to the scutellum; lateral grooves plainly marked, extending well forward, and approximating the parapsides at their anterior extremity; pleurae finely aciculate and shining. Scutellum bifoveate, the fovese shallow, separated, not by a septum, but by a number of polished raised lines that run into the smooth surfaces of the bottoms of the foveae; lateral bor- ders of the scutellum strongly aciculate anteriorly, the lines becoming crooked and broken posteriorly and forming a densely and deeply rugose surface; scutellum black at base and tip and rufous in the middle. Abdomen dark rufous to almost black, 2d segment occupying one half of tergum, posterior half of the second segment and all of the following segments rather densely punctured, all of the segments highly polished. Feet uniformly colored, very dark rufous to almost black. Wings hyaline, rather densely ciliate, 4 mm. long, submedian and 1st and 2d transverse nervures stout and black, areolet medium. Described from two bred females from galls taken at Ames, Iowa. Male unknown. 200 Illinois Stafe Laboratory of Natural History Genus Chilaspis Matr. O. ferrugineus n. sp. This genus has hitherto had no recognized representative in this country. Dr. Gustav Mayr, in his paper on '^ Die euro- paischen Arten dergallenbewohnenden ('ynipiden," gives a sin- gle species. C. nitida Gir., for Europe. Giraud's species is given as producing galls on the leaves of Qiiercns cerris, while the spe- cies here described is either a guest or a parasite, as two of them were captured in the act of ovipositing in immature galls, one of DryopJianta lanata^ described above, and one in a very similar gall of an undescribed species; both were taken 1st Sep., 1890, at Ames, Iowa. I have never seen a specimen of C. nitida^ and it is possible that the species here described will require a new genus, but by the use of Mayr's synopsis these flies are readily traced to Chilaspis. Flies.—Females.—General color yellow-rufous, abdomen shading into black on apical dorsal portion, tips of mandibles black, posterior tibiae and tarsi somewhat infuscate, length 2 mm. Head: face finely rugulose and having the appearance of being covered with scales like the body of a fish, a few scatter- ing hairs, clypeus in the upper and middle portion sculptured like the rest of the face but with a broad polished margin below, mandibles punctate, vertex and occiput covered with a fine net-work of depressed lines and blackish in color; antennae 13-jointed, 3d and 4th joints equal in length, last joint twice as long as the preceding, ferruginous, reaching to the middle of the abdomen. Thorax: mesothorax ferruginous, quite dark in one specimen, sculptured like the face, parapsides distinct throughout but in the middle showing as broad shallow grooves^ without well-defined sides, median groove absent, parallel lines from the collar plainly marked, lateral grooves distinct and reaching to opposite the bases of the wings; pleurae covered with a net-work of slightly raised lines; scutellum with pol- ished basal groove crossed by many shining ridges, coarsely rugose posteriorly and with a narrow blackish rugose margin; metathorax coarsely rugulose and with three longitudinal Descriptions of New Cynipidce 201 carinae running to the base of the abdomen. Abdomen, with 2d segment occupying fully half of the dorsum, 3d segment about one third as long as the 2d, seven segments visible, ovi- positor sheaths projecting above the dorsum, venter consider- ably extended posteriorly, the last two characters reminding one of Ceroptes sp. Wings hyaline, with distinct dusky patch surrounding the second transverse nervure, radial cell entirely open, the radial and subcostal nervares ending abruptly just before reaching costal margin, the subcostal, radial, and first and second transverse nervures stout, the others very slight, the areolet, consequently, rather faint but of medium size. Described from two females taken while ovipositing in galls as above mentioned and one specimen captured at large; all from Ames, Iowa, Genus Aulax Hartig. A. bicolor n. sp. Gall-flt.— Female.— Head and thorax black, feet and abdomen yellow-ferruginous; length 2| mm. Head black, shading into rufous between the eyes and mouth, mandibles except tips rufous, face finely wrinkled, vertex and occiput finely sculptured, the sculpturing of the genae making them appear to be covered with scales like the body of a fish, ocelli on a flat or somewhat depressed surface; antennae dark rust-brown, darkest toward the tips, 13-jointed, joints 3 and 4 equal in length, last joint as long as the two preceding. Thorax black, shoulders rufous, mesothorax finely sculptured, opaque, clothed with sparse recumbent pubescence, parapsidal grooves very distinct and rather deep, median groove very short and much broadened at scutelium so as to be almost triaugular. The lateral grooves appear as polished lines only, and the two parallel lines from the collar are rather indistinct; pleurae densely and rather coarsely aciculate. Scutelium black, with two small, shallow, oblique foveas, rather coarsely rugose, the surface somewhat obscured by pubescence. Abdomen rufous, shining, 2d segment occupying about one third of dorsum, 3d joint a little more than half as long as the 2d, fol- lowing joints to the 7th gradually shorter, joints 3-7 inclusive 202 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History finely punctured. Feet^ including coxas, of the same color as the abdomen. Winqs hyaline, rather densely ciliate, radial cell closed, areolet medium. Described from two females, one taken in a wheat field at Mt. Carmel, 111., 27th May, 1885 (accessions number 1781), and one taken at Champaign, 9th July, 1885 (accessions number 6122). SUBFAMILY INQUILIN^. Genus Synergus Hartig. S. magnus n. sp. Head rufous-yellow, vertex and thorax entirely black, abdomen rufous-yellow, except a narrow black stripe along the tergura of the 21 segment, feet light yellow, except the tibiae and tarsi of the hind pair which are infuscate; length 4 mm. Head: face coarsely striate, vertex and occiput micro- scopically rugulose and with broad punctures; antennae black, as long as the insect, 15-jointed, 3d joint but little longer than the 4th. Thorax with coarse transverse wrinkles, parapsides distinct throughout, median groove reaching the posterior ends of the parallel lines; the lateral grooves appear more like ridges and are short and oblique; shoulders coarsely wrinkled, pleurae very coarsely aciculated below and very finely acicu- lated above, with a smooth shining spot midway upon the most prominent part. Scutellum with two small foveae and coarsely rugose. Abdomen: first segment, as well as the peti- ole of metathorax, coarsely wrinkled or fluted, 21 segment occupying nearly the whole surface of the abdomen, ovipositor sheaths long and projecting upward above the line of the ter- gum, venter considerably projecting. Wings long, narrow and slightly smoky, areolet medium. Described from a single specimen from my private col-* lection that was reared from a gall of Ampliibolips cookii at Lansing, Mich. S. villosus n. sp. The front, above the insertion of the antennse, the vertex, a broad stripe extending over the occipafc to the collar, the en- tire thorax, a broad blotch on second abdominal segment Descriptions of New Cynipidce 203 extending far down at the sides, the tips of the mandibles, and a spot upon thetergum of the 5fch abdominal segment, black; feet, including coxae, very light yellow, orbits and antennae slightly rufous, other parts light yellow. Head: face rather finely striate, vertex and occiput with numerous coarse punctures on a microscopically sculp- tured surface, antennae 15-jointed, nearly as long as the body. Thorax: mesonotum with fine transverse ridges, the furrows between bearing coarse but shallow and somewhat confluent punctures, parapsidal grooves very distinct, median groove narrow and extending but a short distance, parallel lines and lateral furrows not very distinct, pleurae coarsely aciculated below, finely above, and with a smooth polished median spot. Scutellum bifoveate, rather coarsely sculptured, foveae shallow, the sculpturing somewhat obscured by pu- bescence. Abdomen : first joint, as well as petiole of metathorax, fluted, 2d segment occupying nearly the entire surface and deeply notched on posterior margin of the tergum, exposing the tergites of three or four following segments, ovipositor sheaths projecting above the surface of the abdomen, venter rather prominent. Wings hyaline, areolet rather indistinct. Described from two specimens bred from the galls of Acras- pis villosus^ taken in Iowa. SUBFAMILY FIGITIN^. GrENUS COPTEREUOOILA AsHM. C. marginata n. sp. Female.—Black, 1.2 mm. in length, antennae clavate, apical margin of the wings emarginate. Head black, mandibles ferruginous, face and vertex smooth and shining, occiput finely rugose. Antennae 13-joiated, cla- vate, joints 1, 2, 11, 12, and 13 thick, and joints 1, 11, 12, and 13 about equal in length ; joint 2 globose and about equal to joint 3 in length ; joints 3-10 slender and joints 4-10 but little longer than broad ; last three joints suddenly and greatly enlarged. Thorax: collar narrow, mesonotum smooth and shining, without grooves. Scutellum deeply bifoveate, polished. The rather 204 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History narrow but much elevated central area appears as a broadening out of the carina separating the foveas, and has a rather large pit near its posterior margin and two conspicuous punctures immediately in front of it. The broad deeply depressed margin of the scutellum is finely wrinkled or aciculate. Abdomen at base with a dense growth of fine woolly hair, and there is also a small patch of similar hair on either side of the raetathorax ; 2d segment occupying nearly the entire surface of the abdomen, abdomen rather long and pointed. Feet and antennae in one specimen are entirely yellow-ferruginous, in two others the feet are dark ferruginous and the antennae are black. Wings hyaline, broadly and rather deeply emarginate on apical margin, ciliate, heavily fringed, and the triangular radial cell open on the costal margin. Described from three specimens from Illinois. Accessions numbers, 1661, 3336, 5437. Male unknown. Genus Euooila West. {Cothonaspis Hartig). E. 7-spinosa n. sp. Female.—Black; feet, mandibles, and antennae clear shining rufous ; length, 3 mm. Head: face smooth and polished, with a puncture just be- neath the insertion of each antenna and about six punctures near the lower inner orbit of each eye, also a few scattered punctures on vertex, just back of the ocelli. Thorax: dorsal margin of collar elevated and emarginate and with a conspic- uous growth of coarse yellow hairs upon either side, mesonotum and pleurae smooth and polished and without grooves or sculp- tures. Scutellum deeply bifoveate, the elevated central area with a large pit near its posterior margin, and in front of this pit, near the margin on either side, are three coarse setigerons punctures. The broad depressed margin of the scutellum is coarsely rugose. Abdomen with a narrow girdle of rather coarse short hairs, 2d segment occupying nearly the entire sur- face, smooth and highly polished. Wings without pubescence on their surface, posterior border of anterior wings fringed to- wards base, radial area closed, areolet not at all developed, sub- costal vein with seven stout setae or spines. Descriptions of New Cynipidce 205 Described from a single female formerly in the private col- lection of Mr. C, A. Hart and bearing accessions number 547. Taken in southern Illinois. Male unknown. Genus Euooilidea Ashm, E. rufipes n. sp. Female.— Black; feet, mandibles, and antennae rufous, mesonotum with parapsides converging and uniting in a broad sculptured area; length, 1.8 mm. Head: face between eyes and mouth somewhat aciculate, about six aciculations on each side, front smooth, polished, and convex, vertex and occiput smooth and polished, head with scattering gray hairs. Antennae 13-jointed, joints 3 and 4 equal in length, gradually incrassate towards the tip, hardly shorter than the body and freely set with short gray hairs. Thorax: mesothorax smooth and polished and along the suture bordering the collar, both dorsally and laterally, is a margin of deep pit-like sculptures ; a row of these sculptures beginning at the outer posterior angle of the mesonotum, runs past the base of the wing and then along the lateral border of the mes- onotum to the place where the parapsidal furrow usually ter- minates ; from this point the row of sculptures extends over the mesonotum in the usual direction of the parapsidal groove and, after running a little more than one half of the distance to the scutellum, suddenly broadens out and, with the similar sculpturing of the other side, forms a broad deeply sculptured area reaching to the scutellum. There is a narrow median car- ina, forked, at its posterior extremity, separating this sculptured area of the mesonotum into two equal parts. The sculptured lines divide the smooth surface of the mesothorax into three nearly equal areas. The elevated central portion of the scu- tellum has its large pit or depression centrally located, and there are about six punctures along either lateral border. The edge of this central area extends on all sides in a thin knife-like mar- gin. The depressed border of the scutellum is coarsely rugose and punctate. Abdomen smooth, polished, and without show of hairy girdle at base ; 2i segment occupying the entire surface of the abdomen. Wings fringed and rather coarsely ciliate, radial area closed. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Tig. 1. Gall of Antistroplius silphii on SUphium integrifoUum, slightly enlarged. Fig. 2. Another gall of same species, with side cut away, show- ing internal cavities; a, larval cells; natural size. Fig. 3. Galls of Antistroplius laciiiiatus on SilpJiium lacinia- tum, enlarged three diameters. Fig. 4. Galls of Antistrophus rvfus and A. minor in SilpMum laciniatum, natural size. Fig. 5. Galls of Dryophanta lanata on Quereus, natural size; a- denuded gall, enlarged five diameters.