Bulletin % STATE OF ILLINOIS DwiGHT H. Green, Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Frank G. Thompson, Director NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION Theodore H. Prison, Chief ^^olume 22 BULLETIN Article 1 The Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois HARRY^ H. KNIGHT Printed by Authority oj the State of Illinois URBANA, ILLINOIS September 1041 STATE OF ILLINOIS DwiGHT H. Green, Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Frank G. Thompson, Director BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION Frank G. Thompson, Chairman William Trelease, D.Sc, LL.D., Biology William A. Noyes, Ph.D., LL.D. Ezra J. Kraus, Ph.D., D.Sc, Forestry D.Sc, Chemistry L. R. HowsoN, B.S.C.E., C.E., Engineering Edson S. Bastin, Ph.D., Geology Arthur Cutts Willard, D.Eng., LL.D., President of the University of Illinois Chem.D. NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION Urbana, Illinois Scientific and Technical Staff Theodore H. Frison, Ph.D., Chief Section of Aquatic Biology David H. Thompson, Ph.D., Zoologist George W. Bennett, Ph.D., Limnologist D. F. Hansen, Ph.D., Assistant Zoologist Bruno Limbach, B.S , Zoological /Assistant R. G. Rennels, M.F., Assistant Aquatic Biolo- gist Section of Game Research and Management Ralph E. Yeatter, Ph.D., Game Specialist Section of Wildlife Experimental Areas Arthur S. Hawkins, M.S., Game Technician (On leave) F. C. Bellrose, Jr., B.S., Assistant Game Technician J. B. Low, Ph.D., Assistant Game Technician W. H. Elder, Ph.D., Assistant Game Technician Cooperative Wildlife Restoration Program [State Department of Conservation and U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service) Harry G. Anderson, M.A., Junior Biologist L. G. Brown, B.S., Junior Biologist R. E. Hesselschwerdt, B.A., Junior Biologist C. S. Spooner, M.F., Junior Biologist Section of Applied Botany and Plant Pathology L. R. Tehon, Ph.D., Botanist D. B. Creager, Ph.D., Research Pathologist J. C. Carter, Ph.D., Assistant Botanist G. H. BoEWE, M.S., Field Botanist Section of Publications James S. Ayars, B.S., Editor Consultant: Herpetology, Howard K. Gloyd, Ph.D., Director of the Museum, Chicago Academy of Sciences Section of Economic Entomology W. P. Flint, B.S., Chief Entomologist C. C. Compton, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist M. D. Farrar, Ph.D., Research Entomologist J. H. Bigger, B.S., Associate Entomologist S. C. Chandler, B.S., Southern Field Entomolo- gist L. H. Shropshire, M.S., Northern Field Ento- mologist B. G. Berger, M.A., Assistant Entomologist H.^B. Petty, B.A., Assistant, Entomology Ex- tension M. M. Petrakis, B.A., Entomological Assistant C. J. Weinman, Ph.D., Research Fellow in En- tomology George F. Ludvik, B.A., Research Fellow in Entomology T. F. Winburn, M.S., Associate Entomologist (U.S.B.E.P.§^. and Commodity Credit Cor- poration, cooperating) Section of Insect Survey H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematic Entomologist Carl O. Mohr, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist, Artist B. D. Burks, Ph.D., Assistant Entomologist G. T. Riegel, M.S., Entomological Assistant Kathryn M. Sommerman, M.S., Artist, Ento- mological Assistant Section of Forestry James E. Davis, M.F., Extension Forester Lee E. Yeager, Ph.D., Forester This paper is a contribution from the Section of Insect Survey. (A47723—2,200—5-41) FOREWORD THE Aliridae, or plant bugs, containing well over a third of the species of the order Hemiptera, have long attracted atten- tion because of their abundance, their diver- sity of shape and the great variety of plant hosts they attack. Except for a few preda- cious species, they suck the juices from plant leaves and, with the leafhoppers, aphids and scale insects, rank as one of the most impor- tant groups of plant sucking insects in Illi- nois. Early in 1930, a project to investigate the Miridae of Illinois and to prepare a com- prehensive report on the state fauna was organized. Dr. Harry H. Knight, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa, was enlisted as leader of the project to direct the initial intensive collecting for the group, identify the material and write the final report, and he was employed by the Survey as Assistant Entomologist during the summers of 1930. 1932, 1933 and 1937 to acomplish these objectives. Intensive collecting was begun in 1930. Prior to this date much material had been assembled by earlier Illinois collectors, par- ticularly C. A. Hart and C. W. Stromberg, whose specimens in the Natural History Survey collection formed not only a good general collection of the group but also in- cluded several species not taken in our recent search. Much interesting material collected in Illinois by W. J. Gerhard was lent us by the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Field work for this group followed very closely the pattern developed during an earlier study of Illinois aphids (Hottes iSc Frison 1931). Collecting was done in every part of the state, from south to north, east to west, and repeated at different seasons in an attempt to capture species which might be restricted to certain periods of the year or to limited local habitats. Using known mirid host plants as a guide, we attempted to collect from every species of probable host in every locality visited. This procedure was followed in 1930 and 1932. In 1931, drought conditions reduced the mirid population to a low ebb, making collecting for this group impractical. In 1934, 1935 and 1936, intensive collecting for leafhoppers turned up many more Miri- dae, including a large number of new records for Illinois. A total of about 20,000 speci- mens was accumulated, including the 5,000 specimens already in the collection before our drive for this group began. All mem- bers of the Insect Survey Section staff have at various times aided with the field work and preparation of material for identification and preservation. Much of the work of final identification of material and completion of the manuscript was done by Dr. Knight at Ames, Iowa, while not attached to the Survey, and I wish to express our gratitude to him for spending so much of his own time in bringing this project to a successful conclusion. Several members of our staff in the Insect Survey Section also have contributed greatly to the final manuscript. The many full illus- trations of Miridae are with few exceptions the work of Dr. C. O. Mohr, Associate Entomologist and Artist. Dr. Mohr and Miss Kathryn M. Sommerman, Entomologi- cal Assistant, also added many illustrations used to illustrate key characters and male genitalia. Summarizing the Illinois collec- tion data and adding it to the manuscript, modification of the keys to emphasize as much as possible characters which could be illustrated, and adapting the manuscript to current Survey practices represent the pains- taking and effectual work of Dr. H. H. Ross, Systematic Entomologist, and Dr. B. D. Burks, Assistant Entomologist. The sec- tion on economic status and control is in part the work of Prof. W. P. Flint, Chief Entomologist. Finally the manuscript was read and styling determined by the Editor, Mr. James S. Ayars. T. H. Frisox, Chief Illinois Natural History Survey CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Biology 2 Life Cycle.—Hibernation.—Feeding Habits. Distribution and Habitat Preference 5 Mirids in Restricted Areas.—Forest Mirids.—Grass and Marsh Mirids.— Widely Distributed Species.—Collecting Notes. Economic Status and Control 12 Taxonomy 15 Systematic Characters.—Phylogeny.—Present Holders of Material: Symbols.—Meas- urements and Records.—Tarsal Claw Key Characters. Key to Subfamilies 19 Phylinae 22 Dicyphinae 52 Bryocorinae 58 Cylapinae ^1 Clivineminae 63 Deraeocorinae 64 Orthotylinae '"i Mirinae 124 Capsinae 1-^1 Host List 211 Bibliography 218 Index 223 Horcias illini. Typical in general outline of many plant bugs found in Illinois, but among the more strik- ing in coloration and markings. The Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois HARRY H. KNIGHT* Introduction THE list of Miridae of Illinois now stands at 330 species. It is apparent, however, that species known from neighboring states will eventually be found in Illinois. Furthermore, in the study of Illinois species, it was found that many records of these species were a great distance from any other previously known records. Hence, it was thought advisable to include in the keys other species and varieties known from the entire general region in which Illi- nois is situated. One hundred ten extra- limital species were, therefore, included, bringing the total number treated in this report to 440 species. It seems highly prob- able that from two-thirds to three-fourths of these extralimital species will eventually be found in this state, which would bring the list of Illinois Miridae to about 400 species. In the list of insects for New York (Leonard 1928),t I recorded 296 species of ]\Iiridae, but since publication of this list additional records have raised the total to 316. A list of Miridae for the District of Columbia and vicinity (Knight & McAtee 1929) records 200 species of Miridae within a 25-mile radius of Washington, D. C. The state of Illinois, which includes within its borders the cypress swamps about Cairo and the northern tamarack bogs bordering Wis- consin, represents an ecological range scarce- ly exceeded by any other state east of the Mississippi River. This range undoubtedly accounts for the large list of Miridae. In number of species, the Miridae far exceed other families of Hemiptera. In the Palearctic region, where the total number of Hemiptera is best known, the "Oshanin Katalog" (Oshanin 1910) enumerates 1,078 *Iowa State College, Ames. Iowa; Assistant Ento- mologist. Illinois Natural History Survey, during sum- mers of 1930, 1932, 1933, 1937. tMiridae, Isometopidae (Knight 1923b), pp. 110 35. species for the family Miridae and but 2,486 species for all other families of Hemiptera combined. In North America, north of Mexico, approximately 1,500 species of Miridae are known; of other families of Hemiptera, about 2,500 species. Because of the fragile nature of the pubescence and appendages of the mirids, special attention had to be given to their col- lection. The collecting party, consisting of two or three members, equipped with nets, bottles, pinning and mounting accessories, and desk lamps, was usually in the field for periods of 10 days to 2 weeks. Each day, collecting was discontinued at about 4 P.M., and headquarters were set up for work in a hotel room where the day's catch was pinned to prevent unmounted insects from being battered in transit. The collecting party used sweeping nets, each having a ring 15 inches in diameter and a bag of bolter's silk. These were found ideal for mirids, since they excluded so little light from the bottom part of the net that the mirids did not swarm too rapidly to the top. Test-tube cyanide bottles about 6 inches long were used, with the cyanide in the bottom; the diameter of the tube was as large as could be stoppered by the operator's thumb. In each tube were a few loose strands of cellucotton. The bugs were "picked" off the sides of the nets into the bottle, which could be conveniently stoppered by the thumb until emptied. With this group, care must be taken to have only a small number of individuals in each bottle at one time; otherwise consider- able pubescense is rubbed off. After the specimens are dead, they may be transferred to pill boxes or other temporary containers. If mirids are left in the cyanide bottle too long, some of the yellow and orange colors change to deeper tones, sometimes to red. m Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 As mirids are much easier to handle before they have dried out than after, each day's catch was pinned up the following night to insure the best possible specimens. All mirids were mounted on card points with a crimp and in such a way that the crimp was glued to the side of the mesothorax and not to the legs only. The mounted specimens were then pinned in Schmidt boxes for traveling and taken back to the labora- tory at Urbana, where they were labeled and later identified. Biology The eggs of most mirids hatch early in the season when the host plants are making tender new growth. It is worthy of note that in the case of species known to produce Fig. 1.— Lygus oblineatus. A, egg, front and lateral view; S, fifth instar nymph. a second generation the host plant is one which produces succulent growth during the summer season. Thus, the tiny young nymphs find the maximum amount of sap for food which is essential for plant feeders. Mirid eggs, fig. \A, are elongate, slightly curved or bean shaped, with a cap and micro- pyle on the end pointing to the outside of the plant substance where embedded. Life Cycle Mirid nymphs pass through five instars or stages of development and at the fifth molt attain sexual maturity and, except in special cases where the adults are wingless, a set of wings. The time required for nymphal development varies with different species, but many of them are known to re- quire 20 to 30 days. Beginning with the third nymphal instar the development of wing pads may be observed. During the fourth instar the wing pads are clearly evident, while in the fifth instar, fig. 15, the wing pads usually extend back to the middle of the abdomen. Many mirid species have been observed to possess during nymphal develop- ment the curious habit or ability of protrud- ing a posterior portion of the rectum; \vhen a nymph is dislodged and falls from a branch or leaf to the foliage below, the rectum is protruded, and, being provided with sticky material, acts as an adhesion disk upon strik- ing foliage of the limbs below. The nymph then scrambles for a foothold, pulls the adhesion disk free, retracts the rectum and runs for cover among the leaves. Thus the eversible rectal disk saves many falling nymphs from losing contact with the host plant. The adult females may mate within 2 or 3 days after emergence but do not start laying eggs until a week or 10 days later. The males are generally the first to mature, but they do not live so long as the females. 1 have described (1915) in detail the ovi- position work of four mirid species but here recount only selected parts. Observations on Heterocordyliis malinus Reuter were made on crabapple and cultivated apple in western New York. Females that matured June 12 were observed to oviposit on June 21. On the morning of June 23, four differ- ent females were observed while ovipositing. When a female is ready to oviposit she moves up and down the branch, patting the surface with antennae and touching the bark here and there with the tip of the proboscis. In this manner one spent 6 minutes search- ing for a place to oviposit. Another indi- vidual required 15 minutes before she found a suitable place. The female -begins to drill the hole by means of the proboscis, and this operation may require from 5 to 18 minutes before the hole is readv for the insertion of September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois the ovipositor. After drilling the hole with the beak, the female arches the abdomen, stands as high as possible, then unsheaths the ovipositor and thrusts it forward to locate the place prepared. She turns her head under with the tip of the proboscis in the hole to help guide the ovipositor. One female was observed to make seven attempts before inserting the ovipositor. Most indi- viduals make two or three attempts before succeeding. After each failure, the female inspects the hole and works upon it for a time with her beak. Once insertion of the ovipositor is started, the female works the abdomen up and down with a rapid, jerky motion until the ovipositor is inserted to its base. An alternate contraction and expan- sion of the abdomen then occurs while the egg is being worked down into position. This operation requires about 2 or 3 min- utes. The female then withdraws the ovi- positor and rests for 3 to 5 minutes before inserting the second egg. After this interval, she again locates the hole by means of anten- nae and beak and then repeats the operation of inserting the ovipositor. In some cases only one egg is laid in a place, but two eggs appear to be the normal number for this species. The number of eggs laid varies with the individual from day to day. One female was observed to oviposit in six different places between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 o'clock noon. This same female was observed to oviposit daily from June 23 to 27, but died on June 28. The apple redbug, Lyg'ulea mendax Reu- ter, breeds on hawthorn and apple; it ma- tures a week to 10 days later than Hetero- cordylus malinus. In 1914, at Batavia, New York, the majority of females matured about June 20. Several females were watched closely but no eggs were obtained until July 8. When ready to lay, the female moves about over the twigs, searching for lenticels on wood of the previous year's growth. She drills the lenticel by means of the proboscis. One female required 10 min- utes for this operation. She failed in three attempts to insert the ovipositor but on the fourth she succeeded. She took ly? minutes to lay the egg. After an interval of 4 min- utes, she returned to the hole and upon the second trial inserted the ovipositor and laid an egg. She then sealed the wound by means of the proboscis. The lenticels are normally light colored but, after being injured by the process of oviposition, they appear reddish brown. The eggs are placed in the cambium at such an angle that the lower ends rest on solid wood and their tips are 1.5 mm. apart. Females of this species were observed ovi- positing on trees in an orchard as late as July 18. The pear plant bug, Neolygus communis Knight, oviposits in the cambium of pear twigs. The actions of the female are very similar to those of the species described Fig. 2.—Egg of Paraca/ocoris colon, shown in cross section of new growth of apple bark. Adapted from Knight (1915). above. Examination of one oviposition point revealed that six eggs had been laid in a space 1.0 mm. long. The eggs were closely packed in a double row lying flat just within the cambium layer. Eggs measured were 1.05 mm. in length by 0.26 mm. wide. An apple mirid, Paracalocoris palliduliis McAtee, was found to lay eggs only where dead wood was available. Females that were caged on limbs free from scars and dead stubs did not oviposit. Four females were observed to lay when placed on branch- es having dead stubs. Five eggs were placed around the margin of one stub, a new hole being made for each egg. The egg of this mirid differs from those of several species at least in having a white cap with two keels that curve up and nearly meet over the top of the egg, fig. 2. The egg cap projects from the cavity as shown in the figure but is not conspicuous because of the uneven character of the rough bark and surrounding wood. Eggs laid in July remain until the following spring before hatching. A majority of mirid species produce only one generation per year, but a few have been Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 tound to produce two or more generations in one season. Lygus oblineatus (Say) may produce two or three generations in one season; Halticus bracteatus (Say) breeds continuously during the warm season and is credited with five generations in South Carolina. Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze) rears two generations in a season on alfalfa and sweet clover. Neobo- rus amoenus (Reuter) rears two genera- tions in one summer on white ash. The cotton flea hopper, Psallus seriatus (Reuter), breeds continuously as long as the succulent host plants remain green. Hibernation A majority of mirid species pass the winter in the egg stage. Usually the eggs are embedded in some part of the host plant. In the hop mirid, Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, the female bugs embed their eggs in the poles used for support of the host vines. The writer observed several females of Neolygus johnsoni Knight laying eggs in the soft, punky stubs formed by the breaking ofi of old dead limbs on the host tree, hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana) . Many species, such as Lopidea davisi Knight, Labopidea alli't Knight and Adelphocoris lineolatus, lay eggs in stems or leaves of herbaceous plants and pass the winter in the dry stems. The apple redbug, Lygidea rnendax, Heterocordylus malinus and Neolygus communis place eggs in the living cambium on branches of the host tree where they pass the winter. Mirid eggs, fig. 2, have a relatively im- pervious chorion which permits them to remain viable for several months, although embedded in material which is almost com- pletely desiccated. Relatively few species hibernate as adults. Stenodema vicinum (Provancher) and S. trispinosum Reuter are known to do so and no doubt other members of the genus do likewise. Adults of Lygus oblineatus, L. vanduzeei Knight, L. plagiatus Uhler, L. pabulinus (Linnaeus), L. campestris (Lin- naeus) and L. rubicundus (Fallen) have all been taken in hibernation, and it seems a characteristic of the genus to overwinter in the adult stage. Species of the subgenus Camptobrochis of Deraeocoris hibernate as adults, so far as known, with D. nebulosus (Uhler), D. poecilus McAtee, D. histrio (Reuter), D. nubilus Knight frequently taken in winter. Here again hibernation ap- pears to be a group characteristic. Dicyphus vestitus Uhler and D. discrepans Knight also have been taken in hibernation. Feeding Habits Probably a majority of the species of Miridae are plant feeders, but a large num- ber are now known to be chiefly predacious. The predacious habit is only partially devel- oped in certain species and thus insect blood serves merely to supplement the sap ob- tained from particular food plants. In the genus Deraeocoris the different species ap- pear to be chiefly predacious; D. aphidi- phagus Knight feeds on the elm aphid, Eriosoma americanum Riley, and its honey- dew; D. nitenatus Knight feeds on the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) ; D. pinicola Knight feeds on Chermes pinicorticis (Fitch). It seems high- ly probable that most members of the sub- family Cylapinae are predacious or myce- tophagous; namely, species of Fulvius and Peritropis and Cylapus tetiuicornis Say; known species of these genera are normally found about dead trees, hiding in crevices of the bark on logs and stumps. In the large genus Phytocoris, several species are known to be predacious, particularly the dark- colored, bark-inhabiting ones. Fulton (1918, pp. 93-6) demonstrated that Pilophorus per- plexus Douglas & Scott feeds freely on apple aphids, three nymphs having reduced a colony of 50 aphids to 6 within 2 days. Among the plant feeders, probably the greater number of species are limited to a single host, or to a genus of plants, while a very few, such as Lygus oblineatus and Halticus bracteatus have a wide range of food plants. Even among species which always breed on a single host plant, a general dispersal of individuals usually takes place, following the time of emergence and mat- ing, individuals of Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler, Lopidea staphyleae Knight and others have been observed to migrate from their host plant to shrubbery in the general vicin- ity; thence they doubtless become dispersed over wider territory and to new plants, although, in the normal course of their life, they eventually return to suitable growth of the preferred host plant for the purpose of oviposition. Since a majority of species of Miridae are definitely limited to a single species of plants or at least a genus of plants, we may expect September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois the distribution of the bugs to be limited to areas where the host species grow. No doubt in times of migration and when buffeted by strong winds, many individual bugs may be carried far from their normal host and hence perish without successful reproduction. It appears that several species of Miridae are so restricted by ecological factors that their distribution is more limited than the host upon which they live. This is certainly true of the apple redbug, Lyy'ulea mendax, which normally breeds on species of Crataegus ; but the Crataegus grows far south and west of the areas where L. mendax can be found. While making a close study of Lygidea mendax the author noted that the bugs were never found on isolated trees exposed on high ground where the sun was hot and the atmosphere very dry. The bugs seemed to thrive only in valley areas where the humid- ity rarely dropped to desiccating levels. The nymph of L. mendax is very delicate, the body wall evidently only thinly chitinized ; so it can live only where the humidity is high enough to prevent desiccation. The writer believes that the southward distribution of this species is limited chiefly by the high temperatures and desiccating atmosphere frequently encountered west of the Missis- sippi and south of the Ohio rivers. It seems likely that other Miridae of the Boreal region may have their southern distribution limited for the same reasons. In contrast to the above, we may take another species, Heterocordylus malinus, of which the favorite wild host is Crataegus. This insect is more widely distributed than Lygidea mendax, for it is frequently found on Crataegus in Texas and Mississippi, apparently able to live wherever the host plants thrive. If we examine nymphs of H. malinus we find the body wall is m.ore heavily chitinized than in L. mendax. The nymphs are not subject to fatal desiccation when the leaves of the host plant wilt under the heat of a hot, dry day. Some years ago the writer reared in breeding cages many nymphs of both species, and at that time first observed the more delicate nature of L. mendax. When both species are kept in cages on host plant foliage, and the host leaves are allowed to dry out, L. mendax will die immediately whereas H. malinus will live for several hours. Distribution and Habitat Preference^ In Illinois the distribution patterns of the Miridae are linked primarily with those of their plant host species. Other factors also play a very important part in determining mirid distribution patterns, but the influence of these is not always obvious from a study of such a limited area as one state. The greater part of the uncultivated areas of Illinois is covered with either oak-hickory forests or prairie and the various types of community which lead up to them. There are certain restricted areas, however, in which we find mirid hosts found nowhere else in Illinois. These are the result of the rather axial geographic position of Illinois. This state is a long, narrow area, the north- ern end just bordering some of the conifer- ous communities which are common in Wis- consin and its southern end extending slightly into conditions typical of the southern states. In respect to east and west, Illinois is the mingling ground of the eastern deciduous forests and the western grasslands, with here and there an invasion of typical western *This section is the work of Herbert H. Ross, Sys- tematic Entomologist, Illinois Natural History Survey. plants in some of the sand areas. Small areas of peculiar interest are marked on the accompanying maps. Mirids in Restricted Areas The tamarack bogs, fig. 3E, are remnants of the glacial bogs. In Illinois they are restricted to the small area in the vicinity of Volo and Antioch in the extreme north- eastern portion of the state. They have been encroached upon by agriculture to a con- siderable extent, but a few remain which have preserved their flora and fauna prac- tically intact. These bogs, fig. 4, are the only place in this state where occurs native tamarack, Larix laricina, which is the exclu- sive host of the following plant bugs in this state: Deraeocoris laricicola Knight, Piloph- orus uhleri Knight, Plagiognathus larici- cola Knight. These species do not feed on other species of larch used for ornamental planting in various localities, so that our records for the larch mirids are confined to the northern bogs, fig. 5. Along the shore of Lake Michigan, north of Waukegan, is a narrow sand area, fig. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. I 3F, which combines a great variety of grass, sedge, herb and shrub species, many of them found nowhere else in the state. This area offers excellent collecting for some of the rarer species of the Miridae. It combines grass, sedge and herb communities, fig. 6, and open woods with luxuriant herbaceous undergrowth, fig. 7. One of our most inter- esting captures was Plagiognathus syrticolae Knight on the sand-loving willow, Salix syrticola, restricted in Illinois to this area. White Pines Forest State Park, fig. 35, in Ogle County, contains an area of white pine forest which is the only large stand of this tree in Illinois, fig. 8. Scattered speci- mens of the white pine occur in Starved Rock State Park, fig. ZC. Restricted to white pine are four mirid species taken in this state: Deraeocoris pinicola Knight, which we have taken only at White Pines A. The Jo Daviess i HILLS ARE RICH IN HERB, SHRUB AND TREE SPECIES THAT HARBOR MANY Miridae B. In the White Pines Forest State Park, containing the only large stand of^ VIRGIN WHITE hoorisiAm pine in illinois are found Miridae restricted to this tree C. Starve: Rock State Park HAS SOMEl WHITE PINE AND OTHER PLANTS UNUSUAL Illinois, WITH Miridae peculiar'' TO THEM D. In cypress swamps, now MOSTLY CLEARED, ARE MiRIDAE AND OTHER INSECTS TYPICAL OF THE SOUTHERN STATES E. In THIS lake and marsh region occur tamarack bogs with their distinctive Miridae The sand REGION NEAR Beach, EXTENDING FROM WAUKEGAN TO Wisconsin, HARBORS MANY RARE SPECIES OF Miridae G. Localized. DENSELY WOODED GLENS IN THESE AREAS HAVE YIELDED MANY RARE Miridae H. The Ozark hills ABOUND IN CHOICE COLLECTl-NG SPOTS FOR Miridae Fig. 3.—Map of Illinois showing mirid habitats of unusual interest. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois Fig. 4.— (Above.) Tamarack bog at Volo, 111. Tamarack is the sole host of three Miridae found in Illinois. Fig. 5.— (Right.) Map showing the distribu- tion in Illinois of Pilophorns uhleri. This spe- cies is confined to tamarack, in Illinois found only in the northeastern corner of the state. Forest State Park; Deraeocoris nubilus Knight and Phytocoris diversus Knight, which have been taken at both White Pines Forest State Park and Starved Rock State Park; and Pilophorus strob'tcola Knight, which is found not only on these natural stands but also on ornamental white pines throughout the state. In the extreme southern tip of the state are several fine examples of cypress swamps, fig. 3D. Originally cypress swamps covered an extensive area in Alexander, Pulaski and Massac counties, but most of this has been cut over, drained and put into cultivation. There remain, however, one or two cypress areas which have retained their natural biota, such as at Horseshoe Lake, fig. 9. Cypress in Illinois has yielded the following records of Miridae: Pilophorus taxodii Knight, Parthenicus taxodii Knight, Ortho- tylus taxodii Knight, Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight, Phytocoris taxodii Knight. All these species are restricted to cypress and have # Distribution^ records of Pilophorus UHLERI ^^^DlSTRIBUTION OF TAMARACK, LARIX LARICINA Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1 Fig. 6.—Sand prairie vegetation at Beach, 111., growing on the beaches left by receding Lake Michigan. Note the luxuriant growth ot grass and herbs. been taken in Illinois only in the extreme southern tip, fig. 10. Forest Mirids Species of deciduous forest trees, especial- ly ash, oak, hickory and members of the birch family, serve as host for a wide variety of Miridae the distribution of which in gen- eral follows that of our forested areas. A decided peculiarity of the tree-inhabit- ing Miridae is their preference for forest- edge conditions. A given species will gener- ally be taken in abundance on onlv those host Fig. 7.—Older beaches of the sand prairie area near Zion, 111. Here the forest-edge conditions, with luxuriant vegetation, offer an ideal habitat for many species of Miridae. This area was tormerly one of bare, shifting sand. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or IMiridae, of Illinois .-kJfj-^ >^?fe?'^4hlox, clover and other plants by various mind species. tarnished plant bug, no really satisfactory method of control under Illinois conditions has been developed. Brittain (1917) describes serious injury to apples in Nova Scotia by the green apple bug, Neolygus communis var. novascotien- sis Knight. The onion plant bug, Labopidea allii Knight, is not usually of any great impor- mon on wild onions and wild garlic, but perhaps may be considered a beneficial insect in this respect rather than a plant pest. The phlox plant bug, Lopidea davisi Knight, breeds on wild phlox but is often found colonizing on cultivated phlox and causing serious injury to these ornamental plants. The bug can be controlled by the use of a nicotine spray or dust, or by pyrethrum September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 15 sprays or dusts. It is an insect that should be looked for every year. The hickory plant bug, Neolygus caryae Knight, may migrate from its natural host to peach trees, where the adults puncture and suck sap from the young fruit. It causes some injury to peaches, which is simi- lar to that of the tarnished plant bug. Seri- ous damage by this insect has been reported from New York and Ohio. In several western states the legume bug, Lygus hesperus Knight, causes considerable loss in alfalfa seed due to puncturing and feeding by the bugs on the flower buds. The pale legume bug, L. elisus Van Duzee, does similar damage, but in most localities this species is outnumbered by L. hesperus. In the upper Mississippi River valley the alfalfa plant bug, Adelphocoris Uneolatus (Goeze), is extremely abundant on alfalfa and sweet clover and may prove to be a pest where these crops are grown for seed pro- duction. Other species of Miridae that are from time to time reported as pests are hop plant bug, Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, on hops; hollyhock plant bug, Melauotrichiis althaeae (Hussey), fig. 16; meadow plant bug, Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), on timothy and other grasses; and the rapid plant bug, Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), on cotton in the South. Taxonomy The Miridae are distinguished by four- segmented antennae, a four-segmented ros- trum of which the first segment is as long as or longer than the head, three-segmented tarsi (except Peritropis in which they are two-segmented), wing membrane with only two cells or areoles, one longitudinal vein (anal vein), a well-developed cuneus on the wing, and by absence of ocelli, fig. 17. The four-segmented antennae are usually slen- der, nearly linear or the second segment only slightly thickened apically, but in a few genera strongly thickened as in Capsus, Atractotomus and Teleorhinus ; third and fourth segments usually slender but in some forms distinctly thickened as in Ceratocap- siis. The hemelytra are typically separated into clavus, corium, cuneus and membrane, the embolium usually not clearly separated from corium ; veins of membrane forming two cells, a small and larger areole ; how- ever, in a number of species the hemelytra may be abbreviated (brachypterous), the membrane almost absent or reduced to a narrow band with veins poorly indicated. Modifications of the arolia, the pulvillaelike structures between the tarsal claws, furnish the most reliable characters for separating the subfamilies. In general, the Miridae are small to medium in size, from 2.0 to 9.5 mm. in length, usually rather fragile, broader than high and longer than broad; as viewed from above, ovate to oblong, but in a few genera rather slender, as in Trigonotylus. The male is usually more slender than the fe- male. The body is variously clothed with fine hairs or pubescence, sometimes modified to form sericeous or scalelike hairs, which are easily shed; frequently the dorsum is practically glabrous and strongly shining. The numerous species exhibit the greatest variety of color patterns, ranging from the most obscure to forms that are vivid red. Color varieties within the species are fre- quent, and the two sexes are more often differently colored, the male usually darker colored than the female. Brachypterous and apterous forms occur throughout the family, and individuals of a single species may exhibit variation in this respect, as in Halticus bracteatus (Say) and Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus). Usually the male is macropterous even when the female is apterous, but in rare cases the male may be apterous. Ant mimic forms are rather numerous among the Miridae, especially in species of Coquillettia, Sericophanes and Pilophorus. In such forms the abdomen is constricted at the base while the head and thorax are so modified the resemblance to ants is unmistakable. The species of Seri- cophanes and Coquillettia are generally found upon the ground running about among ants, but the biological relationship, if any, has not been determined. In Iowa the writer has found Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius rather abundant on the ground among short grasses and weeds of closely cropped pasture land ; the bugs running about where the little brown ants, Lasius niger alienus var. ameri- canus Emory, were very abundant. At Fort Snelling, Minnesota, in an area of little disturbed, high, prairie vegetation, particu- larly among the shorter grasses, the writer found and collected a large series of Coquil- 16 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1 .Lj(^u5 vanduzeei Illu^Tralinq structural Jcrmj \ i 7' Fig. 17. LygHS vanduzeei, showing typical mirid structures and illustrating structural terms. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 17 lettia amoena (Uhler) from an area which abounded with the ant, Formica {Neofor- mica) pallide-fiilva var. incerta Emory. The wingless females so resemble this ant in form and color that one must look rather closely to separate them. Miridae of the above species of Sericophanes and Coquil- lettia are extremely agile and very rapid of movement, especially when they happen to meet face to face with ants. While they seem not to fear the ants, they appear to avoid close contact with them. Systematic Characters The most important character for sepa- ration of subfamilies is found in the struc- ture of the arolia, situated between and at the base of claws, fig. 17. In the subfamilies Phylinae and Deraeocorinae the arolia are represented by a pair of erect bristles that are difficult to see in the smaller species. The arolia are erect and well developed in the Orthotylinae, Mirinae and Capsinae ; arolia converging at tips in Orthotylinae and diverging apically in the Mirinae and Cap- sinae. Pseudarolia are clear to white in color and occur on inner curvature of claw near base. The pseudarolia are found in the Phylinae but are larger and more prom- inent in the Dicyphinae and Bryocorinae. The form of the male genital segment is rather distinctive in the subfamily Phylinae; the genital claspers are relatively small, with tip of right clasper resting in a notch across the middle of the V-shaped left clasper; both oedagus and claspers are twisted somewhat to the left side. The author believes this particular form of genital segment is a fun- damental character of this subfamily. In other subfamilies the male genital segment often presents good characters for the sepa- ration of genera as well as species. Specific differences are more likely to be found in the male claspers, which are asymmetrical in form and differ among the species in many genera. It is fortunate that in several of the largest genera the numerous species may be identified by the form of the genital claspers, as in Phytocoris, N eolygiis, Lopidea, Ortho- lylus, Cerato:apsus and Deraeocoris. On the other hand, in several sizable genera such as Paracalocoris, Neurocolpus and Neoborus the male genital claspers appear to be of little value for distinguishing species. Fortunately, in Paracalocoris and Neurocol- pus the length of antennal segments and form of pubescence offer very good charac- ters for separating species. Thus it appears that a particular set of characters may not have equal value throughout the family. Among the Miridae, pubescence often pro- vides useful characters; it varies from sim- ple, fine hairs, erect or recumbent, to silky, slightly curled pubescence, or even flattened, scalelike hairs. The scalelike pubescence found on several species of Phytocoris and in the genus Halticus is easily shed or lost; hence specimens should be collected and preserved with great care. The shape of the head and thorax is much used for generic characters; minor differ- ences may indicate species. The length of the rostrum may be of generic value but more frequently it differs among the species and may form good distinctions, as in Po- lymerus and Lygus. The antennae are gen- erally linear in form with the last two seg- ments very slender. However, some genera may be separated by the exceptional form of the different segments; the second seg- ment is strongly thickened in Capsus, Atrac- totomus and Teleorhinus ; the third and fourth segments are usually slender, but in some genera, as Ceratocapsus, they are dis- tinctly thickened. Phylogeny Nine subfamilies of Miridae are recog- nized from North America and all of them are found in the state of Illinois. The 'DlCrPH/NAE •BRyocoRiNAH cvlapinac Clivineminae -Deraeocorinae Mirinae ^Phylinae Capsinae Orthotylinae Fig. 18.—Genealogical tree showing relation- ship of mirid subtamilies. phylogeny of these subfamilies does not pre- sent a linear series of development, but more of a progression upward in several direc- tions, which perhaps may best be represent- ed by a genealogical tree, fig. 18, to express the relationships within the family. These relationships are based on the following characters, which are listed in the order of their relative importance: (1) arolia, (2) 18 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 genital structures, (3) biology, (4) modifi- cations of the thorax. The position and height of the tree branches indicate the evolutionary relation- ships of the subfamilies, while the width of the branches indicates the relative number of species. For instance the Mirinae are highly developed structurally but very old and decadent in number of species; the genera and species are few in number but most of them are very widely distributed. The host plants of the Mirinae are con- fined to the grasses and sedges, families that are among the oldest and most widely dis- tributed plant groups. On the other hand the Capsinae are more recent in develop- ment, structurally more specialized with arolia and genital structures highly devel- oped; the species are very abundant, often limited in distribution, and for host plants utilize all the more recent plant families. Species of the subfamily Orthotylinae resem- ble the Phylinae most by absence of the thoracic collar, but the erect incurved arolia come nearest in form to the Capsinae; the genital claspers are highly modified and specialized. Present Holders of Material: Symbols If not otherwise noted the material listed in this paper belongs to the Illinois Natural History Survey. Material in the collections of other institutions or individuals is so designated by the use of the following sym- bols. FM—Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111. KC—Knight Collection, Iowa State Col- lege, Ames, Iowa. Ul—University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. USNM—United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. Measurements and Records Measurements given in this paper, e.g., "length 5.80, width 2.48," are uniformly in millimeters. These are standard with other literature on insect taxonomy. In any previously described species in which more than 10 Illinois records are available, the places are listed and the dates summarized. Tarsal Claw Key Characters The student wishing to identify Miridae should acquaint himself with the structures of the tarsal claws. These claws are used in identifying most of our forms to sub- family and sometimes to genus. It is highly desirable that the student examine a selec- tion of different kinds of mirids to acquaint himself with the various conditions of the arolia and pseudarolia on the tarsal claws. The claws are best examined at high magnifications against a dark background. If possible, it is well to examine them with both compound microscope and stereoscopic binocular. The tarsal claws are situated at the extreme end of the third tarsal segment, fig. 23. The simplest type is shown in fig. 24, which has a pair of hairlike arolia aris- ing from the area between the base of the claws. In some groups, these arolia are membranous and thickened; in such cases, they are either convergent at apex, fig. 25, or divergent at apex, fig. 26. These two membranous types are generaly readily visi- ble without any doubt as to their structure. In other groups are cushionlike or flaplike membranous areas called pseudarolia at- tached to the claw itself. These may be very small; they may be present in instances where the arolia are either hairlike or mem- branous. In Illinois species, they are never large if the arolia are membranous. Among the species in which the arolia are hairlike, these pseudarolia are often quite large. Fig. 27 shows an example in which the pseu- darolia are large and joined to the claw over a large surface ; figs. 28 and 29 illustrate an example in which the pseudarolia are flap- like and attached to the claw only at its base. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 19 KEY TO SUBFAMILIES Scutellum with a dorsal projection, figs. 137, 181 2 Scutellum without a dorsal projection. 3 Fig. 19.—Head and body of Lahops hirtus. Fig. 20.—Head and pronotum of Hespero- phylum heidemanni showing dorsal view of antenna at left, anterior flat view at right. Fig. 21.—Head of Cylapus tenuicornis: A, lateral view; 5, dorsal view. Fig. 22.—Head and pronotum of Semiiim hirtum: A, dorsal view; 5, lateral view. 2. Pronotum with anterior half flat, pos- terior half swollen, fig. 181 {Bar- beriella, p. 209). . . .Capsinae, p. 131 Pronotum with only anterior fifth flat, posterior four-fifths forming a high, swollen area, fig. 137 {Cvrtopeltocoris, p. 117) Orthotylinae, p. 74 3. Eyes attached to a stalk formed by a round lateral projection of head; head very wide and short, fig. 19 Labopini, p. 81 Eyes not stalked, figs. 20, 113 4 Eyes rising a considerable distance above dorsum of head; head deep, with a furrow down the meson and the ventral margin wide and trun- cate, fig. 21 Cylapini, p. 61 Eyes not rising appreciably above dorsum ot head 5 CLAW MIRID TARSAL CLAWS Fig. 23. — Monalocoris filicis. Fig. 24. — Largidea davisi. Fig. 25. — Diaphnidia pellucida. Fig. 26. — Pithanus maerkelii. Fig. 27.— Teleorhinus davisi. Fig. 28.— Dicyphus agi/is. Fig. 29.— Dicyphus agi/is. 5. Pronotum as in fig. 22, with anterior fourth membranous, remainder vel- vety and dark, with a pair of con- spicuous, narrow membranous areas near anterior margin of dark por- tion; pleural area separated from notum by a suture (Semium, p. 75) Orthotylinae, p. 74 Pronotum otherwise, without a pair of narrow, membranous areas on a vel- vety area; seldom with a suture separating pleural areas and notum. 6 6. Antennae with second segment bilater- ally compressed, foliaceous, nearly 20 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 three times as high as wide, and black; third and fourth segments very short, fig. 20 {Hesperophylum. p. 19) Deraeocorinae, p. 64 Antennae with second segment cyhn- drical or almost so, or third segment three-fourths as long as second, fig. 92 7 7. Tarsal claws with only a pair of straight hairs between them, figs. 30-41, sometimes also with a small, incon- spicuous, membranous area appressed to inner margin of claw, figs. 38- 41 13 Tarsal claws with a pair of prominent, whitish, membranous lobes between them; these lobes either curved and fingerlike, figs. 54-67, or flaplike, figs. 42-53 8 8. Tarsal claws with membranous lobes fingerlike and arising from between bases of claws (true arolia); these either divergent, figs. 63-67, or con- vergent, figs. 54-62, at apex 9 Tarsal claws with membranous lobes flaplike (pseudarolia), arising from inner margin of claw itself, figs. 42- 53; frequently hooked to form a re- cess from which the pseudarolia appear to arise, fig. 52 18 9. Arolia convergent at apex, figs. 54-62. Orthotylinae, p. 74 Arolia divergent at apex, figs. 63-67 ... 10 10. Pronotum with a prominent ridge run- ning from the postero-lateral corner of the pronotum almost to the anter- ior corner, fig. 69; and with pleural suture situated some distance from anterior margin and terminating under ridge Mirinae, p. 124 Pronotum with this ridge either absent or represented for only a short dis- tance 11 11. Posterior portion of head elongate, fig. 143, so that the eyes are situated their own length from pronotum {CoUaria, p. 126) .. .Mirinae, p. 124 Posterior portion of head short so that the eyes almost touch or do touch the pronotum, fig. 154 12 12. Pronotum markedly widest at poster- ior margin, figs. 155, 180; hemelytra with corium and cuneus distinctly defined as sclerotized areas and set off from the apical membrane Capsinae, p. 131 Pronotum swollen at middle, this portion as wide as or wider than hind margin, fig. 142; hemelytra with corium and cuneus merging so im- perceptibly with the membrane, which is partially sclerotized, that there is no line of distinction between them; includes both macropterous and brachypterous forms Mirinae, p. 124 13. Calli greatly enlarged into a pair of broad humps occupying the anterior two-thirds of the central area of the pronotum, fig. 68 Fulviini, p. 61 Calli much smaller, fig. 70; pronotum not humped anteriorly, but usually considerably humped posteriorly. . .14 14. Anterior margin of pronotum with a distinct, even, ringlike collar set off by a definite, deep groove, fig. 70. . .15 Anterior margin of pronotum with- out a ringlike collar, fig. 77; at most with a flattened area, fig. 78 17 15. Pronotum narrowed to a distinctly necklike anterior portion; head nar- rowed posteriorly and appearing stalked; hemelytra colorless, trans- parent and glassy with a Y-shaped red or fuscous mark, fig. 98 {Hyali- odes, p. 57) Dicyphinae, p. 52 Pronotum not greatly narrowed anter- iorly, figs. 70, 71; head sometimes narrowed posteriorly but not stalked, fig. 71; hemelytra not colorless and glassy 16 16. Eyes distinctly removed from posterior margin of head, fig. 71; pronotum with calli represented by a smooth, depressed shining area forming a second "collar," fig. 71 Clivinemini, p. 64 Eyes bordering on posterior margin of head, figs. 70, 105; pronotum with calli not depressed below level of adjacent area ot pronotum Deraeocorinae, p. 64 17. Anterior portion of pronotum set off by a dark, impressed line running from antero-lateral corner to posterior margin of calli, fig. 72 Largideini, p. 63 Anterior portion of pronotum without such a line, figs. 77, 79.- Phylinae, p. 22 18. Dorsal outline almost circular, fig. 99, and pronotum with narrow, ringlike September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 21 u^ys'^'^jg^ .38vi .39 40i MIRID TJRSJL CLAWS Fig. 30. 22 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 collar well marked, fig. 73 (Monaloc- oris, p. 58) Bryocorinae, p. 58 Either dorsal outline much more elongate, fig. 97, or pronotal collar absent, fig. 77 19 19. Tibiaewithoutspines, only hair. Short, robust species, figs. 100, 101, with the pronotum greatly swollen poster- iorly and the areole demarked by a single, angulate, thick vein {Sixeo- notus, p. 59, and Pycnoderes, p. 60) Bryocorinae, p. 58 Tibiae with spines which project be- yond hair, fig. 17; either more elongate, slender species, fig. 97; or pronotum only moderately enlarged posteriorly, fig. 87; or areole divided into large and small parts, fig. 17. . .20 20. Pronotum wide, without collar or collarlike area, figs. 77, 87 Phylinae, p. 22 Pronotum narrower, anterior portion somewhat necklike, with a collar or coUarhke flat area, figs. 78, 97 21 21. Hind tarsi very long and slender, fig. 74; second segment very long, claws small Dicyphinae, p. 52 Hind tarsi stouter, figs. 75, 76; second segment not much longer than third . 22 22. Hind tibiae with a few black spines at apex, fig. 76; tarsal segments robust; tarsal claws long, figs. 46, 47, sharply curved at extreme apex Phylinae, p. 22 Hind tibiae with no black spines at apex, fig. 75; tarsal segments bilater- ally compressed; tarsal claws short, figs. 52, 53, evenly curved from base Dicyphinae, p. 52 PHYLINAE KEY TO GENERA 1. Pronotum nearly triangular with a more or less flattened apical collar, but this collar not set off" from disk of pronotum by a distinct carina, fig. 78; abdomen usually constricted at base, as in fig. 136 2 Pronotum wider without a flattened apical collar, figs. 77-79; abdomen never constricted at base 4 2. Second antennal segment strikingly clavate, its thickness at apex more than twice that at base; beak reach- ing almost to hind coxae; hemely- tra fully developed in both sexes . . . Teleorhinus, p. 52 Second antennal segment linear or slightly thickened at apex, fig. 80; beak reaching middle coxae; females brachypterous or wingless 3 3. Second antennal segment linear; pseudarolia attached at base of claw, free apically, fig. 47; females wingless Coquillettia, p. 52 Second antennal segment slightly thickened at apex, fig. 80; pseuda- rolia completely jointed to claw, fig. 46; females brachypterous Orectoderus, p. 52 4. Cuneus white or very light yellow, with transverse black bar across middle; membrane dark brown or black, with prominent white mar- ginal spots, fig. 93; pseudarolia large, attached onlv at basal angles and extending free and parallel with claws to tips, fig. 52 Macrotylus, p. 51 Wings not marked as in fig. 93; pseu- darolia large and completely united with claws, fig. 46; or pseudarolia minute or wanting, figs. 38-43. ... 5 5. Vertex and pronotum bearing silvery, scalelike hairs, these hairs some- times in tufts 6 Vertex and pronotum not bearing sil- very, scalelike hairs 11 6. Head transverse, front vertical, not protruding in front of antennal bases as seen from dorsal aspect. . . Rhinacloa, p. 50 Head produced in front of antennal bases, fig. 89 7 7. Tylus sharply produced, apex acute, fig. 91 Criocoris, p. 49 Tylus not produced, apex blunt 8 8. Second antennal segment strongly thickened Atractotomus, p. 51 Second antennal segment linear, not thicker than first segment 9 9. Length of second antennal segment less than width of head across eyes Lepidopsallus, p. 46 Length of second antennal segment greater than width of head across eyes 10 10. Pseudarolia attached only at base of claw, tip free and extending to middle of claw, fig. 43; color green- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 23 Fig. 68.—Head and pronotum of Fulvius Fig. 73.—Head and pronotum of Monaloc- bmnneus. oris filicis. T?;„ An o^u c nf- J 1 L , I.. Fie. 74.—Tarsi of Macrolophus tenuicornis. rig. 09.— frothorax or Mtrts dolabratus, lat- "&•'• / eral aspect, showing the prominent lateral ridge Y\s,. 75.—Tarsi of Dicyphus vestitia. characteristic of the Mirinae. Fig. 76.—Tarsi of Orectoderus obliquus. Fig. 70.—Head and pronotum of Derae- ^. ..» tt , , r r.; oco7-is nubilus. '^S- ' '•—Head and pronotum of Plagiogna- thus albifacies. Fig. 71.—Head and pronotum of Bothynotus pj 78.— Pronotal disk of Orectoderus ob- ^'<"i^^t^^^- liquUS, cf . Fig. 72.—Head and pronotum of Largidea Fig. 79.—Head and pronotum of Macrotylus grossa. amoenus. 24 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 ish yellow, with large, well-marked, dark brown areas Reuteroscopus, p. 48 Pseudarolia united with claw, fig. 39; color dark brown, or yellow with minute, darker markings Psallus, p. 43 Fig. 80.—Antenna oi Orectoderus obliquus,(J' . Fig. 81.—Antenna of Rhinacloa forticornis, 9. Fig. 82.—Antenna of Alractotomus magni- cornis. A, cf; B, 9. Fig. 83.—Head of Microsynamma hoke- manni, cf. Fig. 84.—Head of Plagiognathus hlatchleyi, Fig. 85.—Antenna of Rhinocapsus vandu- zeei. Fig. 86.—Antenna of Microphylellus modes- tus. 11. Length of second antennal segment less than width of head across eyes; in species in which the two are al- most equal, hind femora not light with numerous dark spots 12 Length of second antennal segment greater than width of head across eyes; in species in which the two are almost equal, hind femora light with numerous dark spots 14 12. Femora light colored, with conspicu- ous black spots on ventral surface. . Campylomma, p. 25 Femora dark brown to black or en- tirely light, without dark spots. ... 13 13. Hemelytra black, with a transverse light mark extending across middle of clavus, fig. 92; male antennae with first and second segments greatly thickened, fig. 92 Leucopoecila, p. 50 Hemelytra uniformly dark brown to black, never with a pale mark ex- tending across clavus; male anten- nae slender, scarcely thicker than in female Chlamydatus, p. 25 14. Pseudarolia large, projecting slightly beyond apices of claws, as in fig. 45; disk of prosternal xyphus depressed, and with elevated margins 15 Pseudarolia minute, not reaching tips of claws, figs. 40, 42; disk of pro- sternal xyphus convex, margins not elevated 16 15. Rostrum not extending beyond hind coxae; head only moderately, ob- liquely produced Lopus, p. 51 Rostrum extending to middle of ven- ter; head strongly produced anter- iorly Amblytylus, p. 51 16. Margin of compound eye well sepa- rated from antennal fossa, minimum space between the two more than one-third as great as diameter of antennal fossa; margin of compound eye near antennal fossa almost straight, fig. 83 Microsynamma, p. 42 Margin of compound eye almost or quite touching antennal fossa, min- imum space between the two not more than one-eighth as great as diameter of antennal fossa; margin of compound eye more or less emarginate near antennal fossa, fig. 84 17 17. Hind tibiae with dark spines, these spines without dark spots at bases. 18 Hind tibiae with light yellow to almost colorless spines, or with dark spines having dark spots at bases 20 18. General color bright yellowish green, with large, well-marked, dark brown areas; pseudarolia attached at base of claw, tip free and extending to middle of claw, fig. 43 Reuteroscopus, p. 48 General color dark red,- or brown to black; pseudarolia completely united with claw, figs. 38-40 19 19. General color dark red; second anten- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 25 nal segment slightly swollen at apex, so as to become as wide as first segment, fig. 85 Rhinocapsus, p. 40 General color brown to black; second antennal segment linear, not so wide as first segment, fig. 86 Microphylellus, p. 40 20. Mesopleuron with flattened, scalelike pubescence Psallus, p. 43 Mesopleuron always without flat- tened, scalelike pubescence Plagiognathus, p. 26 Campylomma Renter Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) Ciipsia verbasci Meyer (1843, p. 70). Male.—Fig. 87. Length 2.50, width 1.10. General color pale testaceous to yellowish, mesoscutum and base of scutellum becoming Fig. 87.— Campylomma verbasci, cf . fulvous, disk of cuneus pale fuscous. Tylus, apical half of first antennal segment and slender area at base of second, large spots on femora and tibiae, black. Body beneath dark brown; clothed with simple, dusky to blackish pubescence. Membrane uniformly pale smoky. Female.—Length 2.90; width 1.30. Host Plants.—In Illinois the common- est host is mullein {J'erbascum sp. ). This insect has been taken also on J'erbena stricta and Brassica nigra. It is known to breed occasionally on apple {Pyrus malus) ; some- times it is attracted to colonies of aphids, where it feeds on their honeydew. Known Distribution.—A common spe- cies in the eastern United States and Can- ada. This species came originally from Eu- rope, but has long been established in North America. It is quite common almost every- where m.ullein grows. Illinois Records.— One hundred seven males and 84 females, taken May 30 to Aug. 1, are from Antioch, Areola, Bloom- ington, Delavan, Galena, Kankakee, Monti- cello, Mount Carroll, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana. Chlamydatus Curtis KEY TO SPECIES 1. All femora black, with narrow areas at tips light yellowish; length 2.00- 2.30 suavis, p. 26 Front and middle femora more or less yellow 2 2. Front and middle femora clear yellow, hind femora black with apex yellow; length 2.50 associatus, p. 25 All femora black with apical one-third yellow pulicarius, p. 26 Chlamydatus associatus (Uhler) Agalliastes associatus Uhler (1872, p. 419). Adults.—Length 2.50, width 1.00. Body mostly black. Front and middle legs, hind tibiae and first two segments of all tarsi, yellowish. Third and fourth antennal seg- ments pale fuscous. Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). Known Distrib ution.—Commonly found in the United States and Canada wherever ragweed grows. Illinois Records.—Ninety-nine males and 86 females, taken May 14 to Nov. 1, are from Algonquin, Allerton, Alton, Amboy, Antioch, Bloomington, Centralia, Cham- paign, Chicago, Decatur, Delavan, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Galena, Galesburg, Graf- ton, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Hardin, Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Keithsburg, Lawrenceville, Monticello, Murphysboro, Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Oquawka, Oregon, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, St. Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Springfield, 26 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1 Starved Rock State Park, Tremont, Urbana, Zion. Chlamydatus suavis (Reuter) Agalliastes suavis Reuter (1876, p. 92). Adults.—Length 2.28, width 0.97 ; slight- ly smaller than associatus (Uhler) ; entirely black except the tibiae, which are pale yellow. Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Il- linois, Iowa, Kansas, New York and south- ward. Illinois Records.— Twenty-one males and 35 females, taken June 5 to Sept. 19, are from Algonquin, Alto Pass, Carbondale, Champaign, Darwin, Dixon, Dubois, Eliza- beth, Evergreen Park, Fountain Bluf?, Free- port, Galesburg, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, Metropolis, Mount Carmel, Mur- physboro, Rockford, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana. Chlamydatus pulicarius (Fallen) Lygaeus pulicarius Fallen (1807, p. 95). Not as yet collected in Illinois ; known from Michigan, Minnesota, New York. Plagiognathus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES 1 . Tibial spines pale, without black spots at bases 2 Tibial spines dark, with a black spot at base of each, these spots some- times obsolete near apices of tibiae . 3 2. Almost colorless; first antennal seg- ment with two black lines; a black line near apices of dorsal and ventral margins of femora; hind femora with single black spot on anterior aspect nigrolineatus, p. 34 Color yellowish, antennae and femora without black lines; hind femora with a few small fuscous points on anterior face sericeus, p. 34 3. Second antennal segment dark fuscous to black, sometimes slightly paler at middle, but always with more area black than light 4 Second antennal segment chiefly pale, blackish only at base 31 4. Cuneous partly or entirely black, never chieflv brown 5 Cuneus pale, or uniformly fulvous to dark brown, sometimes dusky at apex, but never distinctly black. . .20 5. Cuneus more or less pale at base 6 Cuneus uniformly black like corium, rarely somewhat pale at fracture. . . 13 6. Scutellum partly or completely pale, sometimes pale only at apex or along lateral margins 7 Scutellum uniformlv black 10 7. Scutellum black along median line, with variable light-colored areas at margins obscurus var. obscurus, p. 32 Scutellum pale along median line, sometimes pale only at apex, or almost entirely light colored with only basal angles blackish 8 8. Rostrum short, scarcely reaching bases of middle coxae; pronotal disk with broad, dark stripes, leaving median line and lateral margins pale yellow gleditsiae, p. 37 Rostrum extending to hind coxae. ... 9 9. Femora pale to light yellowish brown, hind pair with two rows of promi- nent black spots, these spots some- times obscured with darker color; hind femora never noticeably black at base and pale in middle; cuneus pale at base and along outer mar- gin; length 3.90-4.50 flavoscutellatus, p. 32 Femora pale to black, usually black at base and pale in middle; in dark specimens femora black with only apices pale; cuneus pale at base, but not along outer margin; length 3.80 -4.00 . politus var. flaveolus, p. 29 10. Pronotum and hemelytra black; cu- neus with a small, light-colored spot at base, or with apex paler than base 11 Pronotum pale at posterior margin, corium chiefly light yellowish brown or ivory white, but with a large, somewhat ovate, fuscous spot on apical half; cuneus pale, with a small black spot at apex .... obscurus var. fraternus, p. 32 11. Femora yellowish, with one or two rows of black spots on anterior face, pubescence yellowish to golden; length 4.00 cuneatus, p. 34 Femora black, pale at apices 12 I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 27 99 23. 12. Cuneus pale only on base; pubescence white; length 3.50 politus var. politus, p. 29 Cuneus pale at apex and along outer margin; pubescence yellowish to golden cuneatus, p. 34 20. 13. Rostrum and legs chiefly yellowish, femora with black spots, or with black spots and lines 14 Rostrum and legs black or obscured with very dark brown 16 14. Hind femora with black line above and one on ventral margin ol apical 9]_ halt, also tour or five black spots on anterior aspect annulatus var. annulatus, p. 34 Hind femora without black lines above and below 15 15. Length 3.80-4.00; legs orange yellow, hind femora with four or five black spots on antero-dorsal line, a second, less conspicuous row of dots just beneath, and a single spot just below at middle of apical halt negundinis, p. 33 Length 3.00; legs yellowish, femora with small, rather inconspicuous, fuscous dots arranged in series on anterior face repetitus, p. 40 24. 16. Femora, tibiae and antennae very dark brown; third antennal segment duskv to fuscous, scarcely paler than second segment; hemelytra very dark brown, somewhat trans- lucent, pubescence yellowish to dusky; length 4.00 laricicola, p. 39 Femora black except at extreme tips; tibiae pale, with prominent black 25. spots 17 17. Length ot second antennal segment less than width ot head plus width of vertex 18 Length ot second antennal segment greater than width of head plus width of vertex 19 18. Deep black, strongly shining, with -"• white pubescence; length 3.00 nigronitens, p. 30 Very dark brown, moderately shining, with golden yellow pubescence; length 3.50 cornicola, p. 38 27. 19. Rostrum extending to hind coxae; very dark brown, sometimes slightly translucent at cuneal fracture annu- 28. latus var. nigrofemoratus, p. 34 Rostrum extending only to middle of intermediate coxae; black, cuneus unitormly black like corium nigritus, p. 34 Rostrum short, not attaining posterior margin of sternum or base of middle coxae; Irons with quadrate black spot on either side gleditsiae, p. 37 Rostrum extending to or beyond mid- dle coxae 21 Length of second antennal segment equal to or less than width of pro- notum at base 22 Length ot second antennal segment greater than witlth ot pronotum at base 26 Rostrum not extending beyond middle coxae brevirostris, p. 33 Rostrum extending bevond middle coxae 23 Femora very dark brown, without definite spots cornicola, p. 38 Femora with fuscous spots on anterior face, or uniformly pale with spots indistinct or absent 24 Hind femora with two rows ot tuscous spots on anterior face; body dull yellowish brown, with lower halt of head and under surface of body black fulvidus, p. 37 Hind femora with tuscous spots either grouped on distal halt, or absent, a dark line forming above; body pale to greenish yellow, ventral surface not darker 25 Pronotum and hemelytra unitormly light yellowish brown or greenish. . . blatchleyi var. blatchleyi, p. 35 Basal half of pronotal disk, apical half of corium, and disk of clavus darkened with dark yellowish brown or black blatchleyi var. nubilus, p. 35 First antennal segment mostly pale; narrow area at base and two setiger- ous spots on apical half black albifacies, p. 3S First antennal segment entirely black . 27 Rostrum not extending beyond middle coxae 28 Rostrum extending beyond middle coxae 29 Body and wings uniformly straw 28 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 colored or slightly tinged with yel- low atricornis, p. 35 Bodv dark; hemelytra black, basal one-third to one-half of embolium and corium pale, rarely dark; cu- neus pale to fulvous, apex frequent- ly dusky; length 4.30-4.70 brevirostris, p. 33 29. Hemelytra without pale areas; gen- eral color light yellowish brown; tylus, lora and sternum black rosicola, p. 36 Hemelytra fuscous with pale areas. . .30 30. Pale area of corium limited by claval suture; smaller forms, length 3.70- 4.60 obscurus var. albocuneatus, p. 32 Pale area of corium limited by radial vein; females with fuscous area on apical half of corium divided into two spots by pale stripe which ex- tends along radius and joins that of cuneus; larger forms, length 4.50- 4.90 alboradialis, p. 31 31. Scutellum, and usually entire dorsum as well, black 32 Scutellum pale or light yellowish brown, sometimes dark brown, fre- quently the median line blackish, but the basal angles distinctly paler; hemelytra more or less pale, in darkest forms very dark brown, but always somewhat translucent. .42 32. Hemelytra uniformly brownish and translucent; thorax and scutellum black suffuscipennis, p. 40 Hemelytra uniformly black, or black- ish with paler areas 33 33. Cuneus very light yellow or reddish. .34 Cuneus chiefly black 36 34. Femora mostly black, only bases and narrow area at tips pale albo- notatus var. albonotatus, p. 31 Femora pale or reddish, with two rows of prominent black spots on anterior face; posterior aspect also spotted with black 35 35. Cuneus and femora more or less red- dish tinctus var. tinctus, p. 31 Cuneus straw colored or yellowish. . . tinctus var. debilis, p. 31 36. Femora pale or fulvous, usually spotted with black 37 Femora black, pale only at apices. . . .40 37. First antennal segment mostly pale, black only on base; hind femora pale, a single black spot on lower margin near apex davisi, p. 38 First antennal segment mostly black, small area at apex pale; hind femora with two rows of prominent black spots on anterior face 38 38. Rostrum not extending beyond middle coxae punctatipes. p. 39 Rostrum extending beyond middle coxae 39 39. Cuneus pale at base dispar var. dispar, p. 39 Cuneus uniformly black dispar var. crataegi, p. 39 40. Length of second antennal segment just equal to width of head across eyes, first and second segments equally thick syrticolae, p. 31 Length of second antennal segment distinctly greater than width of head 41 41. Cuneus pale at base; second antennal segment with basal one-fourth black; body narrower pallidicornis, p. 30 Cuneus uniformly black like corium; second antennal segment with a narrow black area at base, apex dusky; body more ovate, deep black, strongly shining flavicornis, p. 30 42. Dorsum uniformly greenish yellow, clothed with prominent black pubescence; bases of first and sec- ond antennal segments black, a second black annulus present near apex of first segment chrysanthemi, p. 31 Dorsum darkened or marked with fuscous; pubescence pale; antennae not marked as above 43 43. Second antennal segment uniformly pale, sometimes with a narrow dusky area at base 44 Second antennal segment black at base 46 44. First antennal segment pale; dorsum pale, thickly dotted with minute reddish brown or dusky brown spots guttulosus, p. 40 Fiist antennal segment black; scutel- lum and cuneus pale; femora with black spots 45 45. Scutellum and cuneus pale albatus var. albatus, p. 36 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 29 Median line of scutellum and apical halt ot cuneus blackish albatus var. vittiscutis, p. 36 46. Scutellum uniformly colored, or with median line paler than basal angles. 47 Scutellum with median line blackish, darker than lateral areas, which are yellowish or light brown 50 47. Femora rather uniformly dark except at apices, black spots indistinct; scutellum uniformly colored, usual- ly dark yellowish brown or walnut colored, similar to dorsum cornicola, p. 38 Femora pale or light yellowish brown, with distinct lines of black spots. . .48 48. Length of rostrum less than width of pronotum; length of second anten- na! segment only slightly greater than width of head; length 3.30. . . delicatus, p. 37 Length of rostrum distinctly greater than basal width of pronotum; length of second antennal segment nearly equal to width of head plus width of vertex; length 4.10 49 49. Calli and two longitudinal stripes on corium black; cuneus black, with margins pale .... salicicola var. salicicola, p. 36 Dorsum uniformly pale, brownish markings only very faintly indi- cated . . . .salicicola var. depallens, p. 36 50. Cuneus uniformly light colored 51 Cuneus brownish or black at apex. . .52 51. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- gins of middle coxae; propleura clothed only with slender pubes- cence; femora distinctly spotted with black although these dots at times are slightly obscured at apex. repletus var. repletus, p. 38 Rostrum extending beyond middle coxae; propleura clothed with silky pubescence; femora more or less black on apical half, but black areas scarcely forming distinct spots. . . . . . albonotatus var. compar, p. 31 52. Rostrum attaining hind margins of posterior coxae; basal half of corium and more or less broad area on either side of claval suture white; paler areas never brownish, darker areas distinctly black similis, p. 37 Rostrum not attaining hind margins of posterior coxae 53 53. Hemelytra, except along basal half of radius, dark brown or yellowish brown; most of dorsum dull yellow- ish brown to tawnv, sides of pro- notal disk and median line of scutel- lum dark brown caryae, p. 38 Hemelytra black, outer half of clavus, basal half of corium and area ex- tending along claval suture to apex pale and translucent repletus var. apicatus, p. 38 Plagiognathus politus Uhler Plagiognathtis politus Uhler (1895, p. 52). Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.30; ovate, shining black; clothed with simple, pale or white pubescence. Femora dark fuscous to black, apices pale. Rostrum yellowish at middle, apex slightly surpassing hind coxae. Antennae black, tip of first segment pale, third and fourth pale or tinged only with fuscous. Tibiae pale or yellowish, with bases darker, and tibial spines with black spots surrounding their bases. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.60; very similar to male but more robust. Adults appearing after July, apparently of the second brood, are lighter in color, usually having the scutellum and mesal areas of the pronotum straw colored. They do not differ structurally from the typical form and belong to the variety flaveolus Knight (1923^, p. 434). Food Plants.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.), goldenrod {Solidago sp.) and other herbace- ous plants, particularly composits ; reared from apple {Pyrus malus), where the nymphs fed on the tender foliage. In Illi- nois, specimens have been taken also on hickory (Carya sp.), willow {Salix sp.), birch {Betiila sp.), cypress {Taxodium distichum), oak {Quercus sp.), hazelnut {Corylus sp.), red cedar {Juniperus vir- giniana), coralberry {Symphoricarpos orbi- culatus), locust {Robinia pseudoacacia) and pine {Firms strobus). Known Distribution.—Commonly dis- tributed east of the 100th meridian. Illinois Records.—Four hundred forty- six males and 505 females, taken June 2 to Nov. 1, are from Albion, Algonquin, Aller- ton, Alton, Alto Pass, Amboy, Anna, An- tioch, Beverly Hills, Bloomington, Bluff Springs, Browns, Bureau, Carbondale, 30 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Champaign, Charleston, Chicago, Cypress, Danville, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- son, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Equal- ity, Forest Park, Fountain Bluff, Fox Lake, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Glencoe, Gol- conda, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Grandview, Grayville, Hamilton, Hardin, Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Hillsboro, Homer, Joliet, Jonesboro, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kansas, Kappa, Karnak, Keiths- burg, Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Makanda, Marshall, Mason City, McClure, Mere- dosia. Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, Mount Carmel, Mount Forest, Muncie, New Milford, Newton, Normal, Oakwood, Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, Paxton, Quincy, River Forest, Rockford, Rockton, St. Anne, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- town, Sparland, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Ullin, Urbana, Vienna, Volo, Ware, Warren, Warsaw, Waukegan, West Union, White Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, Willow Springs, York, Zion. Plagiognathus pallidicornis Knight Plagiognathus politiis var. pallidicornis Knight (1923^, p. 435). This species is allied to politus Uhler, but is easily to be distinguished by its pale anten- nae and shorter rostrum. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.47. Head width 0.71, vertex 0.37. Antennae, first segment, length 0.24, black; second, 0.91, pale, black at base; third, 0.65, pale; fourth, 0.39, pale. Rostrum, length 1.21, reaching only to middle of hind coxae. General color black, moderately shining, pubescence pale, base of cuneus with a narrow, pale area; ventral margin of propleura, mesoepimera and ostiolar peritremes white. Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.56; slight- ly more robust but very similar to male in color and pubescence. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Il- linois, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Ontario. Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Frison et al., 1 $ ; Aug. 1, 1930, Frison, Knight & Ross, \ S , 1 ? • Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight (1923^, p. 435). This species is slightly smaller than poli- tus Uhler, with a shorter rostrum; the body is shining black, with the cuneus uniformly black like the corium. Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.20. Head width 0.64, vertex 0.33. Rostrum scarcely attaining posterior margin of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.22, black; second, 0.78, black, extreme tip pale; third, 0.66, pale; fourth, 0.45, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.53, width at base 1.03. Hemelytral margins very slightly arcuate; uniformly black, shining; cuneus never pale at base; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, a pale triangular spot bordering cuneus. Legs black, femora light in color at extreme tips; tibiae yellowish, spines with black spots at bases, hind pair becoming infuscated on basal one-third. Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.30; very slightly more robust than male but very similar in coloration. Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.), sunflower {Helianthus sp.). Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, South Dakota. Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and 28 females, taken May 12 to Aug. 1, are from Antioch, Champaign, Dubois, Fountain Bluff, Goreville, Grand Tower, Metropolis, Muncie, Oakwood, Vienna, Volo. Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight (1923^^, p. 436). This is larger and more robust than nigro- nitens Knight and about the same size as politus Uhler, but the second antennal seg- ment is pale except for a narrow area at the base; the cuneus remains uniformly black like the corium. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.60. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, black, apex pale; second, 1.16; third, 0.83, fuscous; fourth, 0.55. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.16. General color black, shining, including basal margin of cuneus; clothed with yellowish to dusky pubescence. Mem- brane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. Ji Legs black, tips of femora pale; tibiae pale; i knees and spot at base of spines black; spots much reduced or absent on apical one-third. Female.—Length 3.30, width 1.60; very September. 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 31 similar to male in coloration but more robust in form. Food Plant.—Sweet gale (Myrica gale). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- chusetts, Minnesota, New York. Illinois Records. — Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, T. H. Prison, \i ; Aug. " 1, ' 1930, Prison, Knight & Ross, 3 S Cedar Lake: Aug. 4, 1906, bog, 3 9 . Sun Lake: Aug. 9, 1906, bog, 1 9 . Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (WolfF) Miris chrysanthemi Wolff (1804, p. 157). P/agiognathus viridulus Renter (1878, p. 74). Known only from eastern Canada, New England states, New York, Pennsylvania; Europe. Peeds on the oxeye daisy, Clirys- a tit hemum leucanthemum. Plagiognathus alboradialis Knight Pla%io%nathns alboradialis Knitjht (1923^', p. 439). ^ Known from British Columbia, Connecti- cut, Maine, Newfoundland, New Hamp- shire, New York, Ontario, Vermont. Plagiognathus syrticolae new species This runs to flavicornis Knight in my key (Knight 1923^/, p. 431), but is distinguished by the shorter and thicker second antennal segment which, in length, just equals the width of the head. Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.25. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 1.08, reaching close to hind margins of hind coxae, dark fuscous, paler at middle. Anten- nae, first segment, length 0.19, black; second, 0.69, equal in thickness to first, yellowish, black at base, with close, pale pubescence ; third, 0.43, yellowish; fourth, 0.31, pale. Pronotum, length 0.52, width at base 1.00. General color black, moderately shining; pubescence pale, with a few fuscous hairs on corium and cuneus. Legs fuscous, tips of femora paler, tibiae pale yellow, spines black, fuscous spots at bases of spines some- times rather small, tarsi pale, apices fuscous. Pemale.—Length 3.60, width 1.50. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.22; second, 0.69, third, 0.43; fourth, 0.30. Very similar to male in form, color and pubescence. Host Plant.—Sand willow {Salix syrtic- ola), a willow known only from the shores of the Great Lakes. Holotype, male.—Waukegan, 111.: July 6, 1932, on Salix syrticola, T. H. Prison et al. Allotype, female. —Same data as for holotype. Paratypes.— Same data as for holotype, 2i , 189. Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight (1923d', p. 437). This is nearly the same size as politus Uhler, but is slightly more robust; the second antennal segment, except for its base, the cuneus, and the basal one-third or more of the corium, are pale. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Head width 0.71, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, black; second, 1.00; third, 0.70; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.57, width at base 1.11. General color black, basal one-third of embolium and corium, and portion of the adjacent area on clavus, pale; mem- brane uniformly fuscous; body clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. Legs black; tibiae pale; knees, spines and spot at base of each spine, black; spots absent or much reduced on apical one-third of tibiae. Pemale.—Length 3.40, width 1.60. Very similar to male, but slightly more robust. Pronotal disk frequently with pale spot on middle. Sides of venter more or less pale. Specimens with more extensive pale areas than the typical have been designated compar Knight (1923^/, p. 438) ; the two have been found to occur together in Illinois. Pood Pl.aNT.— Meadow-sweet {Spiraea salicifolia) . Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois, Maine, Minnesota, New York, North Dakota, Ohio. Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Prison et al., \ $ , 1 9 . Northern Illinois: 1 9 • Plagiognathus tinctus Knight Plagiognathus albonotatus var. tinctus Knight (1923^, p. 437). The size and color in this species are sug- gestive of albonotatus Knight, but the pale areas are tinged red. Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just reach- ing hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae. 32 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin' Fol. 22, Art. 1 first segment, length 0.22 ; second, 0.86, pale, narrow area at base black; third, 0.53, pale; fourth, 0.34. Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base 1.08. Body black; basal one-third of corium and embolium, adjacent area of clavus, cuneus and vertex, pale, but hypo- dermis tinged reddish ; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. Membranes fuscous, pale on veins and near apex of cuneus. Legs pale to reddish, hind femora with two rows of black X markings. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.50; very similar to male in form and coloration. Paler specimens lacking red in the hypo- dermis, referable to variety debilis Blatch- ley (1926^, p. 941), were taken in company with the typical form. Host Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix longifolia) . A single Illinois specimen was taken on red cedar {J uniperus zirginiana) , but probably did not feed on that plant. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania. Illinois Records.— Galesburg: June, 1°. Grand Detour: July 2, 1932, on Salix sp., Dozier & Mohr, 4 (J , 6 $ . Ha- vanna: June 23, 1926, Prison & Hayes, 1 i . Kampsville: June 10, 1932, on Ju- niperus virginiana, H. L. Dozier, 1 i . Marshall: June 14, 1933, Prison & Ross, \ $ , 1 $ . Monticello: July 19, 1932, on Salix sp., T. H. Prison. 1 $ . Prophets- town : July 7, 1925, T. H. Prison, 1 i . Rockford: July 5, 1932, on Salix sp., Dozier & ]\Iohr, 1 9 • Urbana: Sept. 1, 1930, T. H. Prison, 1 i . Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight Plagiognathiis flavoscutellatus Kniaht {\92id, p. 440). This may be distinguished by its pale scutellum and fulvous femora with two rows of black spots. Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.67. Head width 0.80, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; first segment, length 0.31; second, 1.43; third, 0.88; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.68, width at base 1.29. General color black; basal half of embolium and corium, apex of embolium, base and outer margin of cuneus. pale to yellow, pale color on corium limited by radial vein. Membrane uniformly fuscous, spot bordering apex of cuneus and veins pale or yellowish. Legs fulvous to dark brown ; femora with two rows of black spots on anterior face, irregularly spotted on pos- terior face. Pemale.—Length 4.30, width 1.70; more robust than male, usually pale areas broader. Scutellum except base, area just before calli, and slight vitta on median line at base of pronotal disk, pale. Embolium, claval su- ture, anal ridges joining with base of cuneus, pale. Legs more fulvous than in male. Pood Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix longifolia) . Known Distribution.—New England states westward to Iowa, Minnesota and Nebraska. Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and 12 females, taken June 1 to July 8, are from Beardstown, Elizabeth, Preeport, Grand Tower, Mount Carmel, Oakwood, Proph- etstown, Thebes, West Union, White Heath. Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler (1872, p. 418). Female.—Fig. 88. Length 4.40, width 1.69; larger and more elongate than alho- notatus Knight, moderately shining, with pale yellowish pubescence. Rostrum scarcely reaching hind margins of posterior coxae. Antennae fuscous to black, first segment Fig. 88.— Plagiognathus obscurus. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 33 pale at extreme apex. Pronotum blackish, calli and central area of disk pale; scutellum black, lateral margins more or less pale; sternum, pleura and ostiolar peritremes black. Hemelytra mostly black; basal one- third of embolium and corium, and adjacent area of clavus, pale ; cuneus pale, but apex distinctly blackish. Legs pale to yellowish; base of hind coxae, line on apical half of dorsal margin of femora, and two rows of spots just beneath, black. Venter blackish, more or less pale on sides. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Nova Scotia, Quebec. An extremely light form of this species in which the cuneus is uniformly pale or yellowish, and in which broad, pale areas are sometimes present on the dorsum, is the variety albocuneatus Knight (1923c/, p. 438). Those specimens of this species having the scutellum entirely black may be designated variety fraternus Uhler (1895, p. 51). This variety was originally described as a species, but the examination of a large amount of material, from Colorado as well as the east- ern states, has led to the conclusion that fraternus is nothing more than a variety of obscurus. In Illinois material, intergrades occur between all these varietal forms, which are found together in the field. Illinois Records.—Fifty-four males and 60 females collected June 2 to Sept. 13 are from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Fox Lake, Frankfort, Galena, Mason City, Rockton, Rosiclare, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, Volo, Waukegan, Zion. Plagiognathus negundinis Knight Pla<^io'^nathus negundinis Knight {\929d, p. 263). This species is allied to annulatus Uhler, but differs in having a longer second anten- nal segment which, in the male, equals or slightly exceeds the width of the pronotum at its base. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.36. Head width 0.72, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; first segment, length 0.27; second, 1.20; third, 0.75 ; fourth, 0.35. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 1.17. General color black, vertex pale. Legs orange yellow, hind femora with a row of four or five black spots on antero-dorsal line, also one spot on median line of anterior face at middle of apical half, sometimes with two or three smaller dots, and two subapical black spots beneath ; tibiae yellow ; knees, spines, and spots at bases of spines, black. Clothed with recumbent, yellowish to dusky brown pubes- cence. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very similar to male in pubescence and coloration. A variety, fulvotinctus Knight ( \929d, p. 264), is known from Iowa; it differs from the typical negundinis in that the em- bolium, basal half of corium, outer margin of clavus on basal half, and basal half of cuneus are pale to orange yellow Food Plant.—Box Elder {Acer negun- do ) . Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota. Illinois Records.—Fox Lake: June 10, 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 $ . Galena: June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, \ $ , 1 $ . Ha- vanna: May 31, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 2$, 3?. Oquawka: June 13, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2 $ . Putnam: June 2, 1933, Mohr k Townsend, 2 i , 1 $ . Urbana: June 20, 1932, Frison & Ross, 1 ?. Volo: July 8, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Mohr, 1 i . Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight Plagiognathus brevirostris Knisiht (1923(7, p. 441). The general aspect of this species is very similar to that of obscurus var. albocuneatus Knight, but it is larger and more elongate and the cuneus usually is tinged with ful- vous; it is distinguished by the short ros- trum, which does not reach the hind margins of the middle coxae. Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.80. Head width 0.79, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.35; second, 1.43; third, 1.00; fourth, 0.54. Pronotum, length 0.63, width at base 1.26. General color black, moderately shining, embolium and basal half of corium pale, dark color fre- quently invading apical half of embolium, sometimes pale color extending along claval suture to anal ridge; cuneus pale, usually tinged with fulvous; apex sometimes dusky. Legs black, femora frequently with rather broad, pale area at base; tibiae pale; knees, spines and spots at base black. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.89; short- er and more robust than male; legs with broader pale areas. 34 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 Known Distribution.— Newfoundland and the New England states, westward to Michigan, Illinois and Minnesota. Illinois Record.—Antioch : June 10, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 2$ , 3 $ . Plagiognathus cuneatus Knight Plagio?;nathus annulatus var. cuneatus Knight (1923^, p. 442). This form is allied to the typical annulatus Uhler, but the cuneus is pale at the base and sometimes at the lateral margin; the femora are yellowish and spotted with black, but the spots do not form black lines. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.50. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.36. Rostrum extending to posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- nae black; first segment, 0.30; second, 1.22; third, 0.83 ; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.16. General color black; cuneus pale to yellowish at base and lateral margin; clothed with yellowish to golden pubescence. Membrane fuscous. Legs pale to yellow; hind femora with two rows of small fuscous spots on anterior face, sometimes clouded with fuscous. Female.—Length 4.20, width 1.70; more robust than male but very similar in colora- tion. Food Plant.—Wild aster {Aster sp.). Known Distribution.—Georgia, Illi- nois, New Hampshire, New York, Texas, Vermont. Illinois Record.— Elizabethtown : May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 5 , 1 $ . Plagiognathus nigritus Knight Plagiognathus nigritus Knight (1923^, p. 441). Known only from Colorado, Connecticut, Ohio. Plagiognathus sericeus (Heidemann) Psallus sericeus Heidemann (1892, p. 226). Plagiognathus tiliae Knight (1926/;, p. 252). This species is distinguished by its uni- formly pale yellow color and by a few small, fuscous points on the anterior face of its hind femora. Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.34. Head width 0.74, vertex 0.31. Antennae uniformly yellowish; first segment, length 0.21 ; second, 1.08; third, 0.51; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 0.57, width at base 1.10. Body uni- formly pale yellow, the same color as the Tilia blossoms among which the insect re- treats; indistinct fuscous points on femora arranged in a double row, tibial spines pale to brownish. Body clothed with soft, recum- bent, simple pubescence of pale to golden yellow color. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Col- oration and pubescence similar to those of male. FIosT Plant.—Basswood (Tilia ameri- cana) ; a single specimen was taken on elm {Ulmus americana) , but may not have been feeding on that tree. The adult stage is attained just as the basswood flowers come into full bloom, and the yellow color of the mature bugs matches the color of the flowers perfectly. When disturbed the bugs hide among the petals and are then difficult to see. Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota. Illinois Records.—Antioch: July 5-7, 1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison et al., 2 $ , 3 $ . Kampsville: June 10, 1932, on Tilia sp., H. L. Dozier, 5^,29. Muncie: July 22, 1932, Dozier & Park, 1 ^ , 1 9 • New Milford: July 3, 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 $ . Urbana: July 2, 1914, at light, 1 9 ; June 27, 1932, on elm, Frison & Ross, 1 9 . Wau- kegan: July 6, 1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison et al., U S , 89. Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler (1895, p. 51) Neither the typical form of this species nor the variety nigrofemoratus Knight (1923^/, p. 443) has yet been taken in Illi- nois; known from Colorado, Connecticut Massachusetts, Montana, New York. Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight (1923<^, p. 443). This is uniformly pale greenish, with pale pubescence; it may be distinguished by the black lines on the antennae and femora. Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.58. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.33. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, pale, two longitudinal black lines on dorsal surface; second, 1.38, pale, a slender black line on anterior surface extending from base to near middle; third, 0.69, pale; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 35 0.64, width at base 1.22. General color uni- formly pale green, translucent. Legs pale; slender line on dorsal margin of femora, line on apical half of postero-ventral margin of hind femora, and a single dot on anterior face, black. Female.—Length 4.30, width 1.66; simi- lar to male in coloration. Food Plant.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- carpa) . Known Distribution.— Connecticut westward to Minnesota and southward to Texas, its distribution nearly coinciding with the range of its host tree. Illinois Records.— Dubois: May 15, 1916, \ i , 19; May 22, 1917, 4^ ,'l $ ; May 23, 1917, 1 i . Frankfort: June 8. 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 1 $ . Monti- cello: June 11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, I9. White Pines Forest State Park: on Quercus sp., Dozier & Mohr, 2 9 . Plagiognathus albifacies Knight Pla%io%nathus albifacies Knight {\921b, p 11). This species is allied to blatchleyi Reuter, but is distinguished by its pale first antennal segment, black sternum, longer head and differently formed male genital claspers. Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.50. Head width 0.81, vertex 0.35. Rostrum just reach- ing posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- nae, first segment, length 0.39; second, 1.55; third, 1.14; fourth, 0.58. Pronotum, length 0.74, width at base 1.28. Hemelytra pale yellow, inner half of clavus and apical half of corium dusky to pale fuscous; cuneus pale to dusky, translucent. Legs pale, femora with two rows of black spots on anterior face, hind femora with antero-dorsal row composed of six larger black spots. Genital claspers distinctive, the left clasper with lateral or basal lobe much larger than in blatchleyi. Female.—Length 4.70, width 1.68. Very similar to male in coloration and pubescence. Food Plant.—Leafcup (Polynmia cana- densis). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Indi- ana, Maryland. Illinois Records. — Aldridge: May 8, 1932, H. L. Dozier, lo. Bloomington: July 18, 1932, T. H. Frison, 7 <5 , I9. Danville: Aug. 17, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 29. Golconda: July 25, 1930, on Polym- nia canadensis, Knight & Ross, 48 d, p. 456). This is similar in size to modestus Reuter, but is distinguished by having pale markings on the dorsum. Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Head black, width 0.69; vertex pale, 0.33. Ros- trum yellowish, dark at base and apex and reaching hind margins of middle coxae. An- tennae, first segment, length 0.30, yellow, fuscous at base ; second, 0.86, yellow, fuscous at base and dusky at apex; third, 0.47, yel- lowish wath dusky tinge; fourth, 0.33, pale fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.55, width at base 1.11; black, moderately shining; cen- tral area of disk and basal angles pale to yellowish ; clothed with fine, yellowish pubes- cence. Scutellum pale yellowish; rather broad median line of scutellum and mesoscu- tum black. Hemelytra mostly black,- with embolium, cuneus, and basal half of corium, usually straw colored to yellow but some- times distinctly reddish; membrane fuscous, paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins pale only at apex of areoles. Legs pale to yel- lowish; basal half of hind coxae and tips of tarsi fuscous. Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.39; slight- ly more robust than male but very similar in coloration. A form of this species having the antennae very dark, almost black, rather than light is known only from Maine; it has been de- scribed as maculipennis fuscicornis Knight (1923^, p. 457). Food Plant. — White oak {Quercus alba). Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Texas. Illinois Records.—Frankfort: June 8, 42 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 1 $ . Keiths- burg: June 8. 1932, Ross & Mohr, 1 c? • Mounds: May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier. 6 9 . Urbana: May 28, 1934, Crystal Lake Park, Ross & Mohr, 1 S • White Heath: IVIay 29, 1933, H. H. Ross, 1 S . Microphylellus tsugae Knight Microphylellns tsugae Knight (1923^, p. 456). Known only from New York; breeds on hemlock [Tsiiga canadensis) . Microphylellus elongatus Knight Microphylellus elon<;!^atus Knight (1923^, p. 458). This species is larger and longer than modestus Reuter; the length of the second antennal segment is equal to the width of the pronotum at its base. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.44. Head width 0.68; vertex 0.33; head black, slightly paler at base of vertex. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, yellowish, fuscous at base; second, 1.19, yellow, sometimes slightly dusky at base; third, 0.77, yellowish; fourth, 0.33, yellowish. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 1.16; black, pubescence pale to dusky. Scutellum, sternum and pleura black. Hemelytra black, strongly shining; emboliar margins nearly straight; pubes- cence pale to dusky. Legs straw colored to yellow; bases of hind and middle coxae, and tips of tarsi, black; hind femora with a row of fuscous spots on anterior face near dorsal margin. Venter black, shining. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very similar to male. F'OOD Plant.—Sugar maple {Acer saccha- rum) . Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- sota, New York. Illinois Record.—Zion : July 6, 1932, Frison et al., \ $ , 1 $ . Microphylellus longirostris Knight Microphylellus longirostris Knight (1923^, p. 458). This species is very similar to elongatus Knight, but has the rostrum distinctly longer: it extends beyond the hind coxae to near the middle of the venter. Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.25. Head black, width 0.61 ; vertex and area border- ing eyes paler, 0.32. Rostrum reaching to middle of venter; yellowish, apex and basal segment black. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, fuscous at base; second, 1.22, yellow; third, 0.86, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 0.44, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.64, width at base 1.11; black, strongly shining. Scutellum and ventral surface black. Hem- elytra uniformly black, strongly shining; clothed with minute, dusky to black pubes- cence ; emboliar margins nearly straight. Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, apex of cuneus scarcely paler. Legs straw colored to yellowish, devoid of black spots; bases of hind coxae and apices of tarsi fus- cous. Venter black, strongly shining. Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.34; very similar to male in form and coloration. Food Plant.—Hazelnut (Corylus ameri- cana) ; a single specimen was collected on hickory {Carya ovata). Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New England, New York. Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 42 females, taken June 3 to July 27, are from Algonquin, Antioch, Dolson, Eliza- beth, Galena, Galesburg, Grandview, Har- din, Monticello, Oregon, Palos Park, White Pines Forest State Park. Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight (1923^, p. 455). Known only from Nova Scotia. Microsynamma Fieber Microsynamma bohemanni (Fallen) Phytocoris bohemanni Fallen (1829, p. 106). This species is distinguished from others by its broad, flat vertex with a basal carina. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.60. Head width 0.84, vertex 0.43 ; vertex flat, basal carina distinct, an impressed mark evident on either side near eye ; head mostly black, with juga and a broad area bordering front of eyes and sides of vertex, yellowish. Rostrum, length 1.51, extending nearly to tips of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.23 ; second, 1.03 ; third, 0.52 ; fourth, 0.30; black. Pronotum, length 0.64, width at base 1.21 ; black, with area between and behind calli, and spot on either side in front of calli, pallid to yellowish. Dorsum clothed with fine, short, yellowish, simple pubes- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 43 cence. Hemelytra pallid, translucent; apex of cuneus, apical half of corium and embo- lium, and clavus except in central area near tip of scutellum, dark brown to black; mem- brane pale brown, areoles and veins clear to yellowish. Legs black; tips of coxae, bases and tips of femora, and tibiae except for setigerous spots and spines, pale yellowish. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.62. Head width, 0.86, vertex 0.45. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.22; second, 0.92; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.39. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 1.21. More robust than male and usually lighter in color. Host Plant.—Willow (Salix sp.). Known Distribution.—British Colum- bia, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Newfoundland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Vermont, Wash- ington; Europe. Illinois Record.—Northern Illinois: 16.2$. Psallus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES 1. Second antennal segment with four or five black spots, fig. 89; membrane with a conspicuous black mark on margin behind apex of cuneus; dor- sum thickly covered with pale lus- cous dots seriatus, p. 45 Second antennal segment either black, or pale without distinct black spots . 2 2. Second antennal segment yellowish, black only at base . . . amorphae, p. 44 Second antennal segment black 3 3. Dorsum chiefly red; head, pronotal disk and scutellum flecked with fuscous; cuneus red with a narrow area at base light; length 3.60 alnicola, p. 44 Dorsum black o- fuscous, never dis- tinctly flecked 4 4. Femora pale or fulvous, or pale with black spots, but without black line on dorsal margin 5 Femora black, or pale to yellowish with spots and a dark line on dorsal margin 6 5. Femora uniformly pale or yellowish; dorsum uniformly black; length 3.50 strobicola, p. 45 Femora fulvous, becoming dusky, with one or two black dots on dorsal aspect near apex, hind femora ob- scured with fuscous; length 2.60- 3.00 bakeri, p. 45 6. Length of second antennal segment more than three-fourths width of pronotum at base 7 Length of second antennal segment less than three-fourths width of pronotum a base 11 7. Scutellum more or less pale at lateral margins, rarely entirely black; if scutellum black, cuneus paler or dusky at apex only; cuneus usually pale, sometimes slightly infuscated at apex; pale areas of legs and hemelytra tinged with reddish yellow alnicenatus, p. 44 Scutellum black; cuneus always partly black, frequently paler at base; pale areas of legs and hemelytra never tinged with reddish yellow 8 8. Rostrum reaching hind margins of posterior coxae; hemelytra uniform- ly black; femora black with pale apices; length 3.60 morrisoni, p. 45 Rostrum scarcely surpassing hind margins of middle coxae 9 9. Femora pale, a dark line forming on dorsal margin, anterior face with black spots and occasionally be- coming uniformly dusky; tip of embolium and spot on base of cor- ium almost colorless; length 4.50. . parshleyi, p. 44 Femora black but with light-colored apices. 10 10. Length 2.90-3.10; deep black, with scalelike, silvery white pubescence. astericola, p. 45 Length 3.50-4.00; very dark brown, hemelytra sparsely clothed with silvery, silky hairs intermixed with more erect, yellowish pubescence . . fuscatus, p. 44 11. Antennae entirely pale, pubescence dusky; legs black; apices of femora and tibiae pale, spines with small fuscous spots at bases piceicola, p. 44 Antennae black, or at least first seg- ment black 12 12. Legs dull yellow brown to dark brown; femora sometimes nearly black but never paler at apices, always tinged with brownish and reddish, hind 44 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1 pair strongly thickened; coxae and tibiae dull yellow brown to dark brown, more or less tinged with reddish ancorifer, p. 46 Legs chiefly black; femora more slender, black, apices of front and middle pairs pale; coxae deep black; tibiae very light yellow to dull yellow brown, black spots at bases of spines drakei, p. 46 Psallus parshleyi Knight Psallus parshleyi Knight (1923^/, p. 465). The color aspect of this species is sug- gestive of Plagiognathus obscurus fraternus Uhler, but Psallus parshleyi is to be distin- guished by the sericeous, semiscalelike pu- bescence on its pleura and dorsum. Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.70. Ros- trum just reaching hind margins of middle coxae. Second antennal segment, length 1.26. Pronotum, width at base 1.37. Body black, basal half of cuneus, tip of embolium, and a small translucent spot near base of corium, pale. Legs pale yellowish; coxae fuscous at base ; femora with dark line forming above and below on apical half, anterior face with three or four spots on apical half. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.66; more robust than male but very similar in colora- tion. Food Plant.—Birch {Betula pumila) . Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- ichusetts, Minnesota, New York. Illinois Record.—Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Frison et ah, 23 ^ , 16$. Psallus fuscatus Knight Psallus parshleyi var. fuscatus Knight (1923^, p. 466). This species is allied to parshleyi Knight, but is distinguished by its smaller size and uniformly black femora and hemelytra. Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.40. Ros- trum reaching posterior margins of hind coxae. Second antennal segment, length 0.95, black. Pronotum, width at base 1.08. Body sparsely clothed with silvery, silky hairs intermixed with more erect yellowish pu- bescence. Body black, paler areas appearing very dark brown, cuneus uniformly black like corium. Legs black, tips of femora and tibiae yellowish, tibial spines with prominent black spots at bases. Female.—Length 3.30, width 1.40; very similar to male in color and pubescence. Host Plant.—Alder (Alnus rugosa). Known Distribution.— Illinois and Minnesota. Illinois Records.— Dolson : June 25, 1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 $ . EiCHORN : June 24, 1932, on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 6 $ , 10 9 I June 13, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2^,1$. Psallus atnorphae Knight Psallus amorphae Knight (1930;^, p. 125). This species is black, with the second an- tennal segment yellow except at the base. Adults.—Length 3.00-3.20, width 1.20- 1.30. Rostrum extending to hind margins of middle coxae. Second antennal segment, length 0.87, yellow, black at base; pronotum, width at base 0.99. Body black, dorsum and sides clothed with rather closely ap- pressed silvery, silky to scalelike pubescence. Food Plants.— Lead plant {Amorpha canescens and A. fruticosa) . Known Distribution.— Previously known only from Iowa and Minnesota. Illinois Records.—Grand Detour: July 2, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 5$. Mounds: May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Oquaw- ka: June 13, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$. Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, 1 9 . Psallus alnicola Douglas & Scott Psallus alnicola Douglas and Scott (1865, p. 414). Not taken in Illinois; known from Colo- rado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Washing- ton; Europe. Breeds on alder {Alnus rugo- sa) in cool, humid surroundings. Psallus alnicenatus Knight Psallus alnicenatus Knight (1923^, p. 466). Not taken in Illinois; known from Michi- gan, Minnesota and New York. Psallus piceicola Knight Psallus piceicola Knight (1923^, p. 469). This species is very dark brown, almost black; the hemelytra are more brownish than the rest of the dorsum, and the anten- nae and base of the cuneus are pale. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 45 Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.08. Head width 0.60, vertex at basal margin 0.34, narrowest point on front 0.27; strongly in- clined vertically. Rostrum extending behind posterior coxae. Antennae with first seg- ment pale ; second, 0.66 in length, pale with dusky tinge. Pronotum, width at base 0.91. Hemelytra fusco-brownish to black, base of cuneus pale; clothed with golden to dusky pubescence intermixed with more closely appressed, silvery, woolly pubescence. Legs very dark brown, apices of femora and tibiae pale; tibial spines black, a fuscous spot at base of each. Female.—Length 2.90, width 1.30; more robust than male, but very similar in colora- tion ; hemelytra usually more brownish. Food Plant.—Spruce {Picea sp.). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- sota, New York. Illinois Record. — Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, on spruce, Prison et al., 2 $ , 2 $ . Psallus strobicola Knight Psallus strobicola Knight (192,W, p. 467). This species is very dark fuscous, almost black ; the antennae and the legs, except for the coxae, are yellow; the body is clothed with closely appressed, silvery, silky pubes- cence. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.33. Head width 0.72, vertex 0.33 measured across pos- terior corners of eyes; black; eyes reddish brown. Rostrum, length 1.25, reaching hind margins of posterior coxae, yellow, basal segment black. Antennae yellow; first seg- ment, length 0.17; second, 0.97; third, 0.62; fourth, 0.39, slightly dusky. Pronotum, length 0.53, width at base 1.08. Hemelytra uniformly very dark fuscous; clothed with closely appressed, silvery, silky pubescence intermixed with more erect dark pubescence similar to that of the pronotum and scutel- lum; emboliar margins very slightly arcu- ate; membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, border of cuneus not perceptibly paler. Legs yellow, coxae almost black except at apex ; tibial spines black without dark spots at bases. Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.36; more robust than male, but otherwise very similar. Food Plant.—Pine (Pinus strobus). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- sota, New York, Ohio, Quebec. Illinois Records.— Galena: June 30, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 3^,49. Keithsburg: June 15, 1932, H. L. Dozier, \ i, , 49. Mount Carroll: June 15, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Prison & Mohr, 2^, 19. Urbana: June 11, 1915, I9. White Pines Forest State Park: July 4, 1932, on grasses, Dozier & Mohr, 1 $ ; July 4, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Dozier k Mohr, 2 9 . Psallus astericola Knight Psallus astericola Knight {\9iQb, p. 125). Known only from Iowa. Breeds on prairie aster {Aster sericeus), which grows only on undisturbed, native prairie. Psallus morrisoni Knight Psallus morrisoni Knight {\922>d, p. 464). Not taken in Illinois; known from Mas- sachusetts, Minnesota, New York. Psallus bakeri (Bergroth) Agalliastes signatiis Uhler (1895, p. 55). Pre- occupied. Chlamydatus bakeri Bergroth (1898, p. 35). This species has previously been placed in the genus Chlamydatus, but its two types of pubescence, its longer antennae, and the form of its pseudarolia place it in Psallus. Adults.—Length 2.60-2.90. General col- or fuscous to black, two spots on vertex and frequently base of cuneus paler. Legs yel- lowish to dusky yellow; hind femora fre- quently dark fuscous; femora with two or three black dots on dorsal surface before apex; tibiae pale, spines black with a prom- inent black spot at base of each. Clothed with pale, simple hairs intermixed on dor- sum with some silky, silvery pubescence. Food Plant. — Sage brush (Artemisia sp.). Known Distribution. — Occurs fre- quently in the states west of the Mississippi River. Illinois Records. — Grand Detour: July 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 3^,29- Ore- gon : July 4, 1932, on Artemisia canadensis, Dozier & Mohr, 10 cJ , 33 9- Rockton : July 5, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 2 9 • Psallus seriatus (Reuter) Atomoscelis seriatus Reuter (1876, p. 91). This is the well-known cotton flea hopper, distinguished by its pale color, the black 46 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1 spots on its second antennal segment, and the conspicuous black marks on the margin of the membrane, fig. 89. Male.—Length 3.10, width 1.30. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum reaching Fig. 89.— Psallus seriatus, 9. behind posterior coxae to third ventral seg- ment. Antennae, first segment, 0.17, pale, a group of three setigerous black spots before apex, some of which form narrow annula- tions; second, 0.82, pale, with four or five conspicuous black spots on dorsal aspect. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.0^; pale, finely dotted with fuscous. Hemelytra pale, dotted with small and a few larger fuscous spots. Dorsum clothed with simple fuscous hairs intermixed with deciduous, silvery scalelike pubescence which in part is arranged in tufts at posterior edge of larger fuscous spots; roughly handled specimens or old living adults may lose pubescence. Mem- brane clear and shaded with fuscous; a clear spot surrounding black mark on margin be- hind cuneus ; veins white. Legs pale; femora dotted with fuscous; tibiae with two rows of black spines, each with a prominent black spot around base. Female.—Length 2.80, width 1.40; slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Plants.—The nymphs and adults feed on the tiny flower buds of cotton just as they appear, causing the buds to drop. The wild hosts of this insect may be several herbaceous weeds, but the preferred food plants appear to be several species of Croton, especially C. texensis. In Illinois, specimens have been taken on snowberry {Symphori- carpos orbiculatus) , horse mint {JMonarda punctata) and daisy {Chrysanthemum sp.), as well as on cotton and Croton capitatus. Known Distribution.—Psallus seriatus is known from all the southern states and ranges northward into Nebraska and Colo- rado and westward into Arizona and south- ern California. Its range coincides rather closely with the distribution of the various species of Croton. Illinois Records.— One hundred one males and 57 females, taken June 15 to Sept. 6, are from Centralia, Fulton, Gol- conda. Harrisburg, Havana, Keithsburg, Meredosia, Metropolis, Patoka, St. Anne. Psallus ancorifer (Fieber) Apucrtmniis ancorijer Fieber (1859, p. 336). Not taken in Illinois; known only from New York and Pennsylvania. Psallus drakei Knight Psallus drakei Knight (1923^, p. 464). Not taken in Illinois; known only from Colorado and New York. Lepidopsallus Knight KEY TO SPECIES 1. Rostrum extending beyond posterior coxae 2 Rostrum not extending beyond pos- terior coxae 3 2. First and second antennal segments pale yellowish; sides of venter with- out scalelike pubescence claricornis, p. 47 First antennal segment black, base of second dusky; sides of venter and pleura bearing scalelike pubescence rostratus, p. 47 3. First antennal segment pale yellow. . 4 First antennal segment very dark brown or black . . . " 5 4. First antennal segment short, second segment six times as long as first segment; reddish color dominant. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 47 darkest forms brownish red miniatus, p. 47 First antennal segment longer, second segment tour times as long as first segment; color brown to fuscous, never reddish nyssae, p. 48 5. Combined lengths of third and fourth antennal segments greater than length ot second segment; second antennal segment thickened in both sexes, cylindrical and as thick as first segment; black, length 2.60 tninusculus, p. 47 Combined lengths of third and fourth antennal segments less than or scarcely equal to length of second segment; second antennal segment more slender in female, distinctly thinner on basal half and not so thick as first segment 6 6. Color uniformly black; second an- tennal segment always black; scale- like pubescence silvery white rubidus var. atricolor, p. 47 Color black with reddish areas; second antennal segment usually light at apex, scalelike pubescence yellowish rubidus var. rubidus, p. 47 Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler) Sthenarus rubidus Uhler (1895, p. 41). Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.50; ground color black ; hemelytra reddish brown with fuscous; embolium and cuneus strongly red- dish; membrane uniformly fuscous. Body clothed with pale yellowish, closely ap- pressed, scalelike pubescence intermixed with more erect, dusky, simple pubescence. Fem- ora fusco-brownish, tinged with reddish ; tibiae brownish to reddish, beset with prom- inent black spines. Antennae fuscous to fer- rujiinous; first segment, length 0.16; second, 0.64, its length two-thirds as great as width of head, apical three-fourths equal in thick- ness to first segment, but more slender on basal one-fourth, usually paler on apical half; third, 0.36; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 2.38. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.53; head narrower than in male ; second antennal segment gradually becoming thicker toward apex, but not quite attaining thickness of first segment. Specimens which are uniformly black in color, rather than not quite so, and having silvery rather than yellowish pubescence. have been named rubidus atricolor Knight (1923//, p. 472). These were taken in com- pany with typical specimens at Dolson. Food Plants.—Willow {Salix sp.). A few specimens were taken in Illinois on plantain {Plantago aristata) and black locust {Robinia pseudoacacia) . Known Distribution.—Common in the eastern United States and Canada; also known from California, Colorado, Idaho, Texas, Utah, Washington. Illinois Records.— Twenty-two males and 49 females, taken June 22 to Aug. 19, are from Browns, Decatur, Dolson, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, Kansas, Meredosia, Savanna, Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, York. Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight {\92id, p. 471). Not taken in Illinois; known from New Jersey. Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight (1923a', p. 470). Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa and Minnesota. Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight (1923d', p. 472). Not taken in Illinois; known from New York. Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight (1926(^, p. 226). This species is distinguished by its red- dish color and relative lengths of the first two antennal segments. Male.—Length 2.70, width 1.60. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae uniform- ly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.13; second, 0.78; third, 0.34. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.21. General color uni- form red to red with fuscous shading; mem- brane fuscous, veins red. Legs fusco-red- dish ; tips of femora and tibiae pale; spines and spots at bases black. Female.—Length 2.80, width 1.50. Head 48 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 width 0.77, vertex 0.36. Antennae pale yel- lowish ; first segment, 0.17; second, 0.69. Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base, 1.23. Color more reddish than in male, sometimes pronotum and scutellum more fuscous than red. Clothed with silvery white, scalelike pubescence intermixed with simple, yellow- ish to fuscous pubescence. Food Plant.—Post oak {Quercus stel- lata). Known Distribution.—Described from Florida, and now known from Illinois, Mis- sissippi, Texas. Illinois Records.—Dongola: May 10- 12, 1917, \$, 19. Dubois: May 21-24, 1917, 2^,6$. Meredosia: May 29, 1917, 2$. Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston (1930, p. 299). This is allied to miniatus Knight, but is distinguished by its pale brownish color and the relative lengths of the first and second antennal segments. Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.40. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just at- taining posterior margins of middle coxae. Antennae pale yellowish, last two segments dusky; first segment, length 0.21; second, 0.82; third, 0.34; fourth, 0.23. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.21. General color pale brown to fuscous, never reddish as in miniatus; head, pronotum and scutel- lum dark fuscous to black ; hemelytra pale brownish, sometimes darker; cuneus uni- formly translucent like the corium. Clothed with silvery, scalelike pubescence intermixed with pale yellowish to fuscous simple pubes- cence. Legs dark brown; tibiae pale with black spines arising from brown spots. Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.60. Head width 0.79, vertex 0.37. Antennae uniform- ly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.14; second, 0.67. Pronotum, length 0.67, width at base 1.26. Color much paler than in male, dorsum uniformly pale brownish except an- terior half of pronotum and head, which are fuscous to blackish. Legs uniformly pale. Food Plant.—Black gum {Nyssa sylva- tica). Known Distribution.—Described from Texas. Now known in Illinois also. Illinois Record.— E lizab ethtown : May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Reuteroscopus Kirkaldy KEY TO SPECIES Membrane uniformly fuscous except for clear spot at apex of cuneus and smaller spot just beyond; scutellum and clavus black, fig. 90 ornatus, p. 48 Membrane with many small, fuscous marks; scutellum and clavus yellowish, dotted with fuscous. . .sulphureus, p. 49 Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter) Episcopus ornatus Reuter (1876, p. 90). Adults.—Fig. 90. Length 3.40, width 1.30; general color yellowish green, prono- tum with darker green; scutellum, clavus. Fig. 90.— Reuteroscopus ornatus., 9. membrane, and bar across apex of corium, fuscous, dark color forming a well-marked Greek cross. Food Plants.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). A few Illinois specimens were taken also on red cedar {Juniperus virginiana), basswood {Tilia sp.) and lamb's quarter {Chenopo- dium album) ; the first two are undoubtedly "sitting" records. Known Distribution. — Common in September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 49 North America east of the 100th meridian. Illinois Records.—One hundred three males and 77 females, taken May 27 to Sept. 24, are from Albion, Alto Pass, Ashley, Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Champaign, Chicago, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- son, Dubois, East St. Louis, Elizabethtown, Fountain Bluff, Galena, Galesburg, Gol- conda, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Grandview, Grayville, Hardin, Ha- vana, Herod, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kan- sas, Kappa, Karnak, Keithsburg, Lawrence- ville. Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Murphysboro, Oquawka, Palos Park, Pulaski, St. Joseph, Snyder, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Ullin, Urbana, York. Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter) Psallus sulphureus Reuter (1907, p. 23). Adults.—Length 3.30, width 1.18. Gen- eral color yellow, sometimes with a green- ish tinge. Inner apical angles of corium, tip of clavus, anal area of membrane, and spot on inner angle of cuneus, fuscous. Body clothed with yellowish to fuscous pubescence, base of each hair with a small fuscous spot, also sparsely set with small tufts of silvery scalelike hairs, arranged in series on median line and outer margins of head and pronotal disk, and present to some extent on clavus and corium; membrane with dark spots on a clear background, fuscous color forming a short transverse bar touching margin just beyond tip of cuneus, each side of this clear but with another, larger fuscous area situ- ated just before apex; femora thickly speck- led with small, pale fuscous spots. Host Plants.— I have collected this spe- cies on ragweed {Ambrosia sp.) and found it breeding on Sida spinosa in Georgia. Speci- mens were collected in Illinois on lamb's quarter {Chenopodium album) and snow- berry {Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) as well as on ragweed. Known Distribution.—This species is common in the southern states and appears to find its northern limits of distribution in central Illinois. Illinois Records.— Twenty-two males and 29 females, collected June 5 to Oct. 2, are from Alton, Alto Pass, Ashley, Cave-in- Rock, Darwin, Dolson, Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fairfield, Golconda, Hardin, Havana, Herod, Lawrenceville, Metropolis, Oquawka, Shawneetown, Vienna, York. Criocoris Fieber Criocoris saliens (Reuter) Strongylotes saliens Reuter (1876, p. 88). Male.—Fig. 91. Length 2.70, width 1.40. Head and body black, shining, clothed with white scalelike pubescence intermixed with Fig. 91.— Criocoris saliens, cf . more erect pubescence; first and second an- tennal segments strongly thickened, thickness of second segment half as great as width of vertex. Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; black, pubescence similar to that of male; antennae yellowish brown, entire first segment and base of second, black ; second segment slen- der, scarcely more than half as thick as first. Host Plant.—Bedstraw {Galium apa- rine.) Known Distribution.—California, Ida- ho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Mas- sachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vir- ginia, Washington. Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Frison et al., 1 $ . Elizabethtown: May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1$. Grand Tower: May 12, 1932, Frison, Ross 50 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 & Mohr, 6 c? . Herod: May 29, 1935, Ross Si Mohr, 4$. Jonesboro: May 6, 1932, on Galium aparine, H. L. Dozier, \6 $ , 5 9. Texas City: May 12, 1936, Ross, Mohr 5: Burks, 1 S . Rhinacloa Reuter Rhinacloa forticornis Reuter Rhinacloa Jortico7-nis Reuter (1876, p. 89). This species is distinguished by its small size, scalelike pubescence and thickened sec- ond antennal segment. Male.—Length 2.20, width 0.95. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching apices of hind coxae, length 0.86. Antennae, first segment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06, black; second, length 0.56, thickness 0.07, cylindrical, clothed with fine, short pubes- cence, black; third, length 0.28, pale, slen- der; fourth, length 0.21, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.36, width at base 0.85, clothed with fine, closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pu- bescence intermixed with dusky to black sim- ple pubescence. General color fuscous to black, hemelytra paler at base, embolium with reddish spot at apex; membrane dusky. Legs brownish to fuscous ; tibiae pale with spines and dots at bases of spines black. Female.—Length 0.21, width 1.00. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.30. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06; second, length 0.47, slender on basal half, clavate apically (thickness 0.07) ; third, length 0.30, slender, pale; fourth, length 0.20, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.39, width at base 0.86. Color and pubescence very similar to those of male. Known Distribution. — Common in Texas and westward. Rare in Illinois, Iowa and Missouri. Illinois Record. — Urbana: June 29, 1914, C. A. Hart, 1 $ . Leucopoecila Reuter Leucopoecila albofasciata Reuter Leucopoecila albofasciata Reuter (1907, p. 26). This species is distinguished by its peculiar antennae, fig. 92. The dorsum is dark with a pale fascia across the clavus. Male.—Fig. 92. Length 2.40, width 0.95. Head width 0.74, vertex 0.39, strongly ver- tical in position. Rostrum reaching slightly beyond hind coxae or to fourth ventral seg- ment, length 1.04. Antennae, first segment, length 0.26, width 0.11, constricted at base, black; second, length 0.43, somewhat flat- tened, broader at base, width 0.12, clothed with short, black pubescence, ventral aspect black with an elongate, pale sensory pit which occupies nearly whole length of seg- Fig. 92. — Leucopoecila albofasciata, cf. ment ; third, length 0.52, slender, black; fourth, length 0.43, black. Pronotum, length 0.43, width at base 0.91. Scutellum distinctly convex above level of clavus. Dorsum clothed with pale, simple pubescence. Gen- eral color black; a prominent, slightly irreg- ular pale band extends across middle of clavus and basal half of corium; base of cuneus and a triangular spot just before on corium, pale; membrane fuscous, paler at base. Legs black, front and middle fem- ora yellowish at apex, tibiae pale, spines black but without spots at- bases, tarsi pale to fuscous, apical segment darker. Female.—Length 2.60, width 1.08. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 51 ment, length 0.17, width 0.06; second, length 0.49, width 0.06, more slender on basal half, no sensory pit evident; third, length 0.43; fourth, length 0.35, black. Form slightly more robust than that of male, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Known Distribution.—This species is widely distributed in the southern and south- western United States. It has been reported as injurious to grass on golf greens at St. Louis, Mo., and about New York, N. Y. Illinois Records.— Alton: June 26, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Carbondale: Aug. 17, 1891, sweepings from grape, G. H. French, 1 $. Cave-in-Rock: Oct. 2, 1934, Frison & Ross, 1^. Fountain Bluff: Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 $ . Metrop- olis: Aug. 18, 1891, sweepings from Core- opsis sp., etc., C. A. Hart, 1 $ . Lopus Hahn No Illinois species; Lopus decolor (Fal- len) occurs in Connecticut, District of Co- lumbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts. New Jersey, New York, Ontario, Quebec, Virginia. It breeds on sedges {J uncus d utileyi and other species). Amblytylus Fieber No Illinois species; Amblytylus nasutus (Kirschbaum) occurs in Indiana, Massa- chusetts, Michigan; Europe. Atractotomus Fieber No Illinois species; Atractotomus crataegi Knight is known from Iowa. Macrotylus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES Chiefly green, ventral surface yellowish, femora bhick along dorsal margin, fig. 93; length 2.30 amoenus, p. 51 Uniformly black, membrane with four white spots; length 3.00 sexguttatus, p. 51 Macrotylus amoenus Reuter Macrotylus amoenus Reuter (1909, p. 75). Adults.—Fig. 93. Length 2.30, width 0.80; yellowish green, hemelytra darker green; first and second antennal segments black, apices white ; tibiae black ; femora with black bar on dorsal margin ; cuneus opaque white with greenish tint, an oblique Fig. 93. — Macrotylus amoenus, 9. black bar across middle; membrane fuscous, a clear spot on either side near margin. Host Plant.—New England aster {As- ter novae-angliae) . Known Distribution.—Originally de- scribed from Connecticut and later found in Rhode Island and the Delaware Water Gap. Illinois Records.— Evergreen Park: July 1, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 1 $ ; Aug. 23, 1934, Ross & DeLong, 1 9 . Grayslake: June 10, 1936, breeding on Aster novae- angliae, Ross & Burks, 59,5 51 $ . Oak Lawn: July 1, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 3 $ 4$. Macrotylus sexguttatus (Provancher) Amblytylus sexguttatus Provancher (1887, p. 150). Not taken in Illinois; known from Con- necticut, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. Host plant, aster {Aster undulatus) . 52 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Orectoderus Uhler Orectoderus obliquus Uhler Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (1876, p. 320). Male.—Length 8.00, width 2.30. Head elongate, inclined, width 1.22, vertex 0.60. Rostrum extending to near apex of middle coxae. Antennae with first segment yel- lowish, length 0.47; second, 2.42, apical one-third distinctly thickened, yellowish to orange, thick part black; third, 1.55; fourth, 0.86; last two segments orange. Pronotum, length 1.30, width at base 1.81; lateral margins rounded, slightly concave. General color black, shining; legs yellowish to orange colored. Body sparsely clothed with short, yellowish pubescence. A color variation has the basal half of cuneus and basal one-third of corium white. Female.—Length 6.00, width of abdomen 2.40. Brachypterous, antlike in form, head broader than pronotum; hemelytra greatly reduced, extending to base of abdomen, there turning upward, the tips vertical and taper- ing to a point ; two basal segments of ab- domen constricted into a pedicel, the remain- ing segments forming a globose portion, the pleural fold prominent. General color pice- ous to black ; antennae yellowish to orange, tips of second and third segments blackish. Habits.—Occurs on the ground among grasses and associated with ants. Known Distribution.—Alberta, Colo- rado, Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Mani- toba, Massachusetts, Montana, New Bruns- wick, New Mexico, New York. Uhler (1876, p. 320) records this species from Illinois. Teleorhinus Uhler No Illinois species; Teleorhinus teplirosi- cola Knight is known from Missouri, New Jersey, New York, and may eventually be taken in Illinois. It breeds on hoary pea {Tephrosia sp.). Coquillettia Uhler Coquillettia amoena (Uhler) Orectoderus amoenus Uhler (1877, p. 426). Male.—Length 6.40, width 1.77. Head width 0.90, vertex 0.41. Antennae dark brown; first segment, length 0.38; second, 2.20; third, 2.00; fourth, 0.95. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at base 1.43. General color dark orange brown; abdomen, tarsi and second antennal segment becoming fus- cous; basal half of corium transparent, apical part bright orange brown, but with a slender dark brown margin; basal one- third of cuneus white, slightly translucent ; membrane and apical two-thirds of cuneus very dark brown, almost black. Female.—Length 5.50, wingless; antlike in form, head wider than pronotum; abdo- men with first two segments constricted to form a pedicel, remaining segments forming a globose, polished, minutely and sparsely haired gaster with conspicuous pleural fold. General color brown; third and fourth an- tennal segments and apex of second, tarsi, and apices of tibiae, fuscous to black; globose portion of abdomen, and tergite of second segment, dark chestnut to pitchy black. Known Distribution.— Florida, Illi- nois, Iowa, New Mexico, North Carolina, Texas. The only Illinois record is that in the original description where Uhler stated: "Other specimens have been secured in . . . Illinois." Occurs on high prairie among grasses and appears to be associated with ants, such as Formica {Neoformica) palUde-fulva var. incerta Emory. The wingless female bugs resemble this ant in form and color so nearly that one must look rather closely to separate them. DICYPHINAE KEY TO GENERA 1. Eyes large, postocular space of head less than half lateral width of an eye; first antennal segment always short, fig. 94 Cyrtopeltis, p. S2 Eyes small, postocular space much longer, figs. 95, 97; or first antennal segment very long, fig. 98 2 2. Hemelytra hyaline, completely trans- parent and glassy, with a well-de- fined, red or fuscous Y-shaped mark, fig. 98; pseudarolia absent, fig. 32; form broader Hyaliodes, p. 56 Hemelytra opaque or at least milky, and with brown, scattered spots or widely suffused brownish areas; pseudarolia prominent, figs. 29, 53; form narrower, fig. 97 3 3. Pronotal disk with an arcuate, deep September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 53 furrow across middle at junction ot wide and narrow portions, fig. 97. . Dicyphus, p. 53 Pronotal disk without such a furrow, fig. 96 4 Fig. 94.—Head of Cyrtopeltis tenuis. Fig. 95.—Head of Macrolophus separatus. Fig. 96.—Head and pronotum of Dicyphus agilis. 4. Head mostly black; pronotum brown or black, at least on sides Dicyphus, p. 53 Head and pronotum almost entitely greenish yellow Macrolophus, p. 55 Cyrtopeltis Reuter No Illinois species; Cyrtopeltis varians (Distant) occurs in Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Missouri, South Carolina, Texas; Mexico and Central America; Puerto Rico and Grenada. It is known to breed on cultivated tomatoes, but in the wild state it feeds probably on related plants. It has been reported to be a tomato pest in Arizona, Georgia and Mississippi. Dicyphus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES 1. Length not over 3.00; corium with large black spot near apex minimus, p. 54 Length more than 4.00; corium var- iously marked but without a large black spot near apex 2 2. Head entirely and pronotum mostly dark brown to black; pronotum usually with a pale median stripe. . agilis, p. 53 Head with at least vertex behind eyes pale; pronotum in greater part dull yellow or reddish with only sides darkened 3 3. Length of second antennal segment subequal to both maximum width and maximum length of pronotum . vestitus, p. 53 Length of second antennal segment at least one-third greater than maxi- mum width of pronotum and at least one-half greater than maxi- mum length of pronotum 4 4. Second antennal segment uniformly black; scutellum mostly black; femora without reddish dots gracilentus, p. 54 Second antennal segment with basal two-thirds pale; scutellum entirely reddish or yellowish; femora with numerous reddish dots 5 5. Elytra with numerous reddish streaks; length of postocular space subequal to distance between eyes famelicus, p. 54 Elytra without reddish streaks; length of postocular space slightly more than one-half distance between eyes discrepans, p. 54 Dicyphus agilis (Uhler) Idolocoris agilis Uhler (1877, p. 425). Male.—Length 3.40, width 0.90. Gen- eral color pale yellowish; head, thorax and second segment of antennae chiefly black ; hemelytra pale, lightly marked with fuscous, sometimes tinged with red. Female.—Length 4.50, width 1.10. Food Plant.—Raspberry {Rubus odora- tus and doubtless others). In Illinois it was collected on walnut [Juglans nigra) and butternut (/. cinerea), but these are cer- tainly "sitting" records. Known Distribution.— Maine west- ward to British Columbia and southward to Virginia, through Illinois and Iowa. Illinois Records.—Seven males and 16 females, taken June 2 to July 2, are from Algonquin, Dolson, Rocky Branch, Gales- burg, Grand Detour, Grand View, Hardin, Manito, Savanna, Sheldon, Urbana. Dicyphus vestitus Uhler Dicyphus vestitus Uhler (1895, p. 46). Dicyphus notatus Parshley (1922, p. 16). Adults.—Length 3.80, width 1.20. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching to base of hind coxae. First antennal seg- ment, length 0.36, reddish, black on base; 54 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 second, 0.91, yellowish, apical one-fourth black. Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base 0.95, basal margin deeply concave. General color pale, shaded with fuscous, scutellum black, basal angles pale; ventral surface black, shining. Legs pale, femora with small fuscous points. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois, Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota. Illinois Records. — Algonquin: Nov. 4, 1895, 1 5 ; May 8, 1897, 1 $ . Apple River Canyon State Park: June 2, 1933, Ross & Townsend, 1 9 . Bloomington: July 18, 1932, T. H. Prison, 1 5 , 3 $ . Cary: May 14, 1936, Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . Fountain Bluff: Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 $ . Urbana: Nov. 2, 1887, sweeping from grass and evergreens in arboretum, C. A. Hart, 1 9 ; April 30, 1892, in woods. Hart & Marten, I9. Willow Springs: July 16, 1911, A. B. Wolcott, 2 (? , 1 9 , FM. Dicyphus famelicus (Uhler) Idolocoris Jamelicus Uhler (1878, p. 413). Adults.—Length 4.80, width 1.20. Ros- trum extending to second abdominal sternite. First antennal segment, length 0.47; second, 1.43, yellowish, apical one-third dark red- dish. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 0.86, strongly sulcate on base. General color pale yellowish; head and thorax dull red- dish; hemelytra and scutellum with dull reddish markings; membrane infuscated; veins and tip of cuneus reddish. Food Plant.—Raspberry {Rubus odora- tus). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- chusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin. Illinois Record.— Savanna: July 11, 1917, 1 i . Dicyphus minimus Uhler Dicyphus minimus Uhler (1899, p. 59). Not taken in Illinois; known from Cali- fornia, Colorado, District of Columbia, New Mexico. Dicyphus discrepans Knight Dicyphus discrepans Knight (1923^, p. 477). Not yet collected in Illinois; known to occur in British Columbia, Michigan, Min- nesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington. Feeds on aster {Aster sp.). Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley (1922, p. 21). Dicyphus vestitus Blatchley (1926^, p. 910) not Uhler. Misidentification. Adults.—Fig. 97. Length 4.50, wndth 1.25. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.21. Ros- trum reaching to second abdominal sternite. Fig. 97.— Dicyphus gracilentus. First antennal segment, 0.43; second, 1.25, black. Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 0.99, basal margin deeply concave. General color pale to yellowish, shaded with fuscous; scutellum and mesoscutum dull black, basal angles of scutellum yellowish; sternum and propleura dark brown, strongly shining. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 55 Legs uniformly pale yellowish, without spots. Food Plant.—Leafcup {Polymnia cana- densis). Known Distribution.—Originally de- scribed from Illinois and known also from Indiana and Ohio. Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and 66 females, taken April 4 to Oct. 29, are from Apple River Canyon State Park, Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Kappa, Oak- wood, Savanna, Urbana, Zion. Macrolophus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES 1 . Length of first antennal segment equal to or slightly greater than width of head across eyes; length of second segment distinctly greater than basal width of pronotum tenuicornis, p. 56 Length of firs, antennal segment less than width of head across eyes ... 2 2. Postocular space of head nearly equal to lateral width of an eye; a fuscous stripe present at dorsal margin of eye; second antennal segment with apical one-fourth black; basal two- thirds of corium without fuscous points at bases of hairs except one row bordering claval suture brevicornis, p. 55 Postocular space of head little more than half lateral width of an eye; second antennal segment with a narrow fuscous area at apex; co- rium with three or four rows of fuscous points on basal two-thirds . separatus, p. 55 Macrolophus separatus (Uhler) Dicyphus separatus Uhler (1894, p. 194). Male.—Length 4.30. Head width 0.54, vertex 0.28; lateral width of an eye 0.20, space between eye and pronotal collar, 0.11 ; without trace of a fuscous vitta behind dorsal margin of eye. Rostrum, length 1.79, scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind coxae. First antennal segment, length 0.38, black; second, 1.17, yellowish, narrow area at apex black; third, 1.28, slender, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 0.51, fusco-brownish. Pro- notum, length 0.66, width at base 1.06. Female.—Length 4.20. Head width 0.56, vertex 0.29; lateral width of an eye 0.20, space between eye and pronotal collar 0.11. First antennal segment, length 0.34; second, 1.00, practically equal to width of pronotum at base; third, 1.20; fourth 0.52. Food Plants.—Found breeding on Ge- rardia pedicularia; also occurs in Illinois on leafcup {Polymnia sp.). Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- nois, Indiana, Maryland, New York, Ohio. Illinois Records.— Bloomington: July 18, 1932, T. H. Prison, 1$. Chicago: Aug. 4, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ , fm. Golcon- da: June 22, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1^. Hardin: June 5-9, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$, 1$. Kankakee: Sept. 19, 1930, on Gerardia pedicularia, Prison & Ross, 28 5 , 65 9 . St. Anne: Aug. 4, 1936, Prison & Burks, 1 9- Urbana: Aug. 25. 1930, H. H. Knight, 8 c?, 5 $ ; 1930, on Polymnia sp., T. H. Prison, 13 ^ , 10 9 . Zion: July 6, 1932, T. H. Prison, 6S, 59. Macrolophus brevicornis Knight Macrolophus brevicornis Knight (1926/, p. 315). This species is suggestive of tenuicornis Blatchley, but the antennae are distinctly shorter, with the first segment not equal to the width of the head ; it is distinguished from separatus (Uhler) as shown in the key. Male.—Length 3.60, width 0.96. Head width 0.48, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an eye 0.16, or a trifle greater than space (0.11) between eye and base of head where collar normally fits. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae, length 1.34. Antennae, first segment, length 0.34, scarcely equal to width of vertex plus dorsal width of an eye ; second, 0.88, being a trifle greater than width of pronotum at base, apical one- fourth black; third, 1.03; fourth, 0.43. Pro- notum, length 0.54, width at base 0.84. General coloration usually lemon yellow, sometimes greenish yellow ; head with a fuscous stripe behind dorsal margin of eye ; hemelytra with fuscous points more distinct than in tenuicornis, basal two-thirds of cori- um without fuscous points at bases of hairs, except one row bordering claval suture. Female.—Head width 0.47, vertex 0.25; lateral width of an eye 0.16, space between eye and pronotal collar 0.11. Antennae, first segment, length 0.33 ; second, 0.75, not equal to width of pronotum at base; third, 1.03; 56 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 fourth, 0.38. Pronotum, length 0.54, width at base 0.84. Food Plant.—In Iowa found breeding on an unidentified milkweed {Asclepias sp.). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, New Jersey. Illinois Records.— Hardin: June 5-9, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$, 1$. Vienna: May 18, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 3 $ . Macrolophus tenuicornis Blatchley Macrolophiis tenuicornis Blatchley (1926^, p. 913). Male.—Length 4.20, width 0.91. Head width 0.47, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an eye 0.17, space between eye and pronotal collar 0.13. Rostrum reaching to near pos- terior margin of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.56, pale, apex black; sec- ond, 1.43, pale, apex black, length greater than basal width of pronotum plus width of head. Pronotum, length 0.60, width at base 0.78. General coloration greenish yel- low, darkened with fuscous, nearly as in separatus (Uhler), but fuscous points on corium much fainter and confined to inner half; longitudinal fuscous stripe behind dor- sal margin of each eye. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.00. Head width 0.43, vertex 0.26. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.47; second, 1.17. Pronotum, length 0.60, width at base 0.82. Very simi- lar to male in form and coloration. Food Plant.—Leafcup {Polymnia cana- densis). Known Distribution.—Illinois and In- diana. Illinois Records. — Algonquin: Aug. 7, 1930, on Polymnia canadensis, Frison & Knight, \$. Fern Cliff: Aug. 3, 1934, DeLong & Mohr, \ $ , 3 $ . Golconda: July 25, 1930, on Polymnia canadensis, Knight & Ross, 52 ^ , 5 $ . Morris: July 19, 1883, Webster, 1 $ . Urbana: 1930, on Polymnia sp., T. H. Frison, \ $ , 1 $ . Hyaliodes Reuter KEY TO SPECIES 1. Collar, calli and areas lateral to calli very dark brown or black, median pronotal line always light, fig. 98; length of first antennal segment of male equal to maximum width of pronotum; length of first antennal segment of female four-fifths as great as maximum width of pro- notum hard, p. 57 Entire pronotum almost colorless; or pronotum with collar, calli, and a broad median mark extending from anterior to posterior margins, dark brown or black; or pronotum with a vague dark mark on median line at posterior margin; length of first antennal segment in either ex not more than three-fourths as great as maximum width of pronotum 2 2. Broad, median, dark brown or black mark extending from anterior to posterior margins of pronotum. . . . vitripennis var. discoidalis, p. 56 Pronotum without broad, median, longitudinal, dark mark 3 3. Length of first antennal segment equal to or only slightly greater than width of head measured across eyes brevis, p. 58 Length of first antennal segment much greater than width of head across eyes; at least two-thirds as great as maximum width of pronotum vitripennis var. vitripennis, p. 56 Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say) Capsus vitripennis Say (1832, p. 24). Length 4.80, width 1.70; hemelytra hya- line, glassy, with black or red marks border- ing scutellum, inner edge of clavus and co- rium, and extending across apex of corium to lateral margin; also dark on membrane, veins and tip of cuneus; pronotum usually almost entirely colorless; antennae various- ly marked with red. In some specimens the median area of the posterior portion of the pronotum tends to be fuscous; in others it may be dark brown or black. Other specimens may have this dark mesal area extending the full length of the pronotum. These dark extremes con- stitute the variety discoidalis Reuter (1909, p. 61). Habits.—Occurs on several plants; frequent on grape {Vitis sp.) ; predacious on plant lice. Known Distribution.— Originally de- scribed from Indiana and Pennsylvania and since recorded from several eastern states and southern Canada. Illinois Records.—Forty-eight males and 95 females, taken May 24 to Sept. 10, are September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 57 from Alton, Antioch, Ashley, Bluff, Cairo, Clay City, Danville, Darwin, De Soto, Dol- son, Dongola, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabeth- town, Evanston, Fairfield, Fort Sheridan, Galesburg, Grantsburg, Hardin, Harris- burg, Havana, Herod, Kampsville, Karnak, Marshall, McHenry, Meredosia, Metropo- lis, Monticello, Olive Branch, Oregon, Parker, Pulaski, Quincy, Rock Island, Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, West Pullman, White Heath, Wil- low Springs, Zion. Hyaliodes harti new species This is distinguished from vitripennis (Say) by the longer first antennal segment, Fig. 58.— Hyaliodes harti. which, in the male, is equal to the width of the pronotum at base. Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.40. Head, width 0.73, vertex 0.26. Rostrum just at- taining posterior margins of middle coxae, length 1.20. Antennae, first segment, length 1.10, bright red; second, 1.69, reddish to black; third, 1.12, black; fourth, 0.60. Pro- notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.12. Gen- eral color pale, translucent; head and body yellowish; calli, collar, scutellum except apex, mesoscutum, and inner margin of clavus, black; apex of scutellum white; apex of corium, and tip of embolium, red; cuneus and membrane clear, anal angles fuscous, veins red to fuscous. Legs pale to yellowish. Female.—Fig. 98. Length 4.90, width 1.60. Head width 0.71, vertex 0.32. An- tennae, first segment, length 1.08; second, 1.77. Pronotum, width at base 1.34. Very similar to male in form and coloration. Holotype, male. —Harrisburg, 111.: June 25, 1932, Ross, Dozier k Park. Allotype, female.—Same data as for holotype. Paratypes. — Illinois.— Same data as for holotype, 11 ^ , 3 $ . Northern Illi- nois: 1^,3$. Alton: July 19-21, 1932 Ross & Dozier, 1 9 • Anna: June 27, 1909 29. Ashley: Aug. 7, 1917, 3 <5 , 3 $ Beverly Hills: Sept. 11, 1907, E. B. Chope 1 9 ; July 13, 1908, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ Dixon Springs: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ . Dolson: Sept. 30, 1935, T H. Frison, 1 9 • Dubois: July 2, 1909, 2 i Eichorn: June 24, 1932, Hick's Branch on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ Elizabethtown : June 22-24, 1932, Ross Dozier & Park, 1 $ ; July 8, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 29. Galena: June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 9 . Galesburg: July 24, 1892, Stromberg, 2 <5 , 2 9 • Geff: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, I9. Glenview: July 19, 1931, A. R. Park, l9- Herod: June 23, 1927, T. H. Frison, 1 $ ; June 24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19- Joliet: July 31, 1930, Frison & Knight, 2 9 • Kar- nak: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19. La Grange: Sept. 11, 1907, \$. La Rue: July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 ^ , 1 9. Lawrenceville: Sept. 7, 1933, Ross & Mohr, 1 9- Makanda: June 26, 1909, \$. Marshall: July 23, 1932, Dozier & Park, 1 $ . Metropolis: Aug. 20, 1916, 1 9 . Monticello: June 28, 1914, I9. Normal: July 22, 1884, on black walnut, 1 9 ; July 26, 1884, on leaves of maple, I9. Oakwood: July 22, 1930, Hottes & Tauber, 1 9 ; Oct. 6, 1930, T. H. Frison, 1 9 . Olive Branch: Oct. 2, 1909, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ . Quincy: Aug. 14, 1889, "sweeping along shore of Mississippi R.," C. A. Hart, 1 9 • Rockford: July, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 9 • Rock Island: Julv 7, 1934, DeLong & Ross, I S . St. 58 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Anne: July 22, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 1 9 • Springfield: July 12, 1932, T. H. Frison, on Quercus sp., 3 $ , 7 $ . Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, 5 ^ , 16 $ . Tamaroa: Sept. 22, 1882, 1 $ . Temple Hill: June 24, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 15, 2 9. Urbana: Sept. 27, 1892, C. A. Hart, 1 9 ; July 21, 1889, "sweeping in Univ. forestry," C. A. Hart, 1 9 ; Oct. 8, 1889, in woods, Marten, 1 9 ; June 23, 1908, 1 9 ; Aug. 23, 1917, 1 9 ; Aug. 11, 1932, Knight & Ross, 1 <5 , 1 9 ; Sept., 1932, T. H. Frison, 1^. Warren: Aug. 22, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . White Heath: July 11, 1915, 1 9 ; July 4, 1933, H. H. Ross, 1 $ . Willow Springs: June 27, 1905, A. B. Wolcott, 1 $ . Georgia.—Experiment: Aug. 6, 1929, T. L. Bissell, 1 $ . Iowa.—Ames: July 31, 1 9 ; Aug. 1, 1932, F. Andre, 1 9 • Missouri.—Springfield: July 18, 1915, H. H. Knight, 4 9 • New York.—Batavia: July 30, 1916, H. H. Knight, 2 $ . Ithaca: July 23, 1 9 ; July 26, 1916, H. H. Knight, 2 $ . North Carolina.—Raleigh : July, 1909, F. Sherman, 1 $ . North Dakota.—Dickenson County: July 23, 1925, E. D. Ball, 1 9 • Trail County: July 19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, 1 9 • Ontario.—Parry Sound: Aug. 7, 1915, H. S. Parish, 1 (5 , 2 9 . Wisconsin.—Hayward: Aug. 15, 1932, Moose Lake, T. H. Frison, 1 $ . Hyaliodes brevis new species This species is distinguished by its short first antennal segment which, in the female, does not exceed the width of the head across the eyes and, in the male, exceeds the width of the head only very slightly; the body is shorter and more nearly ovate than in vitri- pennis (Say). Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.80. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.32. Rostrum scarcely reaching base of middle coxae, length 0.95. Antennae, first segment, length 0.70, pale yellowish, becoming reddish at apex ; second, 1.43, fuscous to black, slightly paler at mid- dle; third, 0.74; fourth, 0.26, black. Pro- notum, length 0.86, width at base 1.16. Gen- eral color pale to yellowish; scutellum white; hemelytra clear, translucent; tip of cuneus, veins in membrane, narrow inner margin of clavus, narrow band across apex of corium, and tip of embolium, fuscous to black. Legs and ventral surface pale, apex of hind femora becoming reddish. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.55. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.31. First antennal seg- ment, length 0.65, scarcely equal to width of head. Pronotum, length 0.86, width at base 1.20. Very similar to male but black areas much reduced, apex of corium and tip of cuneus still retaining black. Holotype, male.— Urbana, III., Aug. 10, 1932, on bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa, H. H. Knight. Allotype, female. — Same data as for holotype. Paratypes. — Illinois.— Same data as for holotype, W $ , 22 9 . Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, \ $ , 5 9. Urbana: Aug. 3, 1932, H. H. Ross, 1 $ ; Aug. 10, 1932, H. H. Ross, 5 $ , 3 9 ; Aug. 11, 1932, H. H. Ross, 1^,29, H. H. Knight, 4cJ, 69. Iowa.—Ames: Aug. 1, 1 9 ; Aug. 9, 1932, F. Andre, 2 S . Minnesota.—St. Anthony Park: Aug. 5, 1920, H. H. Knight, 1 9 . BRYOCORINAE KEY TO GENERA 1. Pronotum with a distinct collar and not gibbous posteriorly; sparsely punctured, figs. 73, 99 Monalocoris, p. 58 Pronotum without a distinct collar, and posteriorly inflated and en- larged, often very much so; coarsely punctured, figs. 100, 101 '. 2 2. Pronotum posteriorly greatly inflated, with a longitudinal crease at least in middle; embolium broadly ex- panded and flat, not thickened, fig. 101 Pycnoderes, p. 60 Pronotum posteriorly moderately in- flated, without longitudinal im- pressions; embolium narrow, thick- ened, fig. 100 Sixeonotus, p. 59 Monalocoris Dahlbom Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus) Cimex filicis Linnaeus (1758, p. 443). Adult.—Fig. 99. Length 2.50, width 1.40; short oval, convex. General color brown to dark brown, shining. Pronotum September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 59 finely punctured; legs and antennae pale yellowish brown. Host Plants.—Occurs on shield fern {Aspidium spiiiulosum) and cinnamon fern {Osmiinda cinnamonea) . Known Distribution. — A European species known also from Canada, Florida, Fig. 99. — Monalocoris filicis, 9. Illinois, Minnesota, New England states, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.— Antioch : Aug. 1, 1924, tamarack bog, T. H. Prison, 2 $ ; Aug. 1, 1930, on Osmunda cinnamonea, Prison, Knight & Ross, 49 p. 10). Preoccupied. Orthotylus althaeae Hussey (1924, p. 165). Male.—Length 4.10, width 1.30. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.44; second, 1.51. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.14. General color deep apple green; calli, head and ven- tral surface yellowish; membrane, including areoles, fuscous; veins green. Clothed with simple, erect, pale pubescence intermixed with deciduous, black, sericeous or scalelike pubescence. Female.—Fig. 127. Length 3.80, width 1.34. Color and pubescence similar to those of male. Host Plant.—Cultivated hollyhock {Al- Fig. 127.—Melanotrichus althaeae., 9. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 97 thaea rosea), where it is often a pest. The nymphs and adults feed on the leaves, caus- ing white spots to appear where the chloro- phyll is removed; with severe infestation the leaves may turn yellow and dry out. In Colorado the author found this bug breed- ing on a wild species of Althaea. In Illinois it was found breeding also on mallow {Malva rotuiidifolia) , a very near relative of the hollyhock. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wyo- ming. Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and 58 females, taken May 31 to Sept. 30, are from Algonquin, Decatur, Galena, La Harpe, Montitello, Urbana. Melanotrichus catulus (Van Duzee) Orthotylus catulus Van Duzee (1916/^, p. 106). Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Head width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.27; second, 1.00. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.20. General color whitish to testaceo-grayish ; head and calli tinged with yellowish; hemelytra some- times slightly infuscated; membrane fumate. Clothed with simple, erect, fuscous hairs, intermixed with recumbent, silvery, glossy pubescence. Genital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 126. Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Color and pubescence similar to those of male. Host Plant.—Low cudweed {Gnapliali- um uliginosum). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, New York, Ontario. Illinois Record.—Marshall: May 25, 1928, T. H. Frison, 2$ , 4 $ . Orthotylus Fieher KEY TO SPECIES 1. Ground color green; dark markings, it present, not clouding corium. ... 2 Ground color pale testaceous to black, sometimes greenish, but, in that case, hemelytra marked with fus- cous and black areas, fig. 129 11 2. Small, length not over 4.00 3 Larger, length 4.50 or more 7 3. Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- gin ol mesosternum, extending very little beyond middle; pubescence fuscous chlorionis, p. 98 Rostrum attaining or surpassing pos- terior margin of mesosternum 4 4. Length of second antennal segment less than three times width of ver- tex between eyes. . .robiniae, p. 100 Length of second antennal segment equal to or more than three times width of vertex 5 5. Length ot third antennal segment three-fourths length of second seg- ment; hemelytra with soft, simple pubescence intermixed with a limit- ed number ot minute, golden, silky hairs ulmi, p. 100 Length of third antennal segment not more than two-thirds length of second segment; hemelytra with only stiff, simple pubescence 6 6. Length ot second antennal segment distinctly greater than width of pro- notum at posterior margin; hemely- tra and veins in membrane deep blue green taxodii, p. 101 Length of second antennal segment not exceeding width of pronotum at posterior margin; hemelytra and veins ot membrane yellowish green, veins often pale ramus, p. 100 7. Tylus with small tuscous spot at base. 8 Tylus without small fuscous spot at base 9 8. Membrane pale, darkest specimens pale tuscous; clavus never in- fuscated viridis, p. 101 Membrane uniformly dark tuscous or black; clavus sometimes with a dusky cloud modestus var. immaculatus, p. 104 9. Length ot second antennal segment twice width ot head across eyes; first antennal segment tuscous; length 5.70 basicornis, p. 102 Length of second antennal segment less than twice width ot head across eyes 10 10. Length 5.80-6.10; rostrum extending upon middle coxae; first antennal segment may be tuscous to black beneath, but always paler above. . . rossi, p. 102 Length 6.70-7.30; rostrumjust attain- ing posterior margin ot mesoster- num; first antennal segment uni- formly black notabilis, p. 100 98 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 11. Ground color green, apical half of clavus, spoton apical half of corium, and broad spot or vitta either side of pronotal disk behind calli, black; length 6.70-7.00 (male) notabilis, p. 100 Ground color not green, or, if so, then length less than 6.50 12 12. Pronotal disk partly orange colored; sometimes hemelytra also partly orange 13 Pronotal disk without orange color- ing 14 13. Hemelytra chiefly orange or salmon colored; black either side of com- missure and on embolium submarginatus, p. 103 Hemelytra black; a broad, pale stripe extending full length of corium and connecting with pale cuneus; legs fulvous; apical halves of hind femora black knighti, p. 102 14. General color pale yellow brown, hem- elytra translucent and with fuscous markings very faint or nearly lack- ing in female; median line of head and scutellum, lateral margins of pronotum, and sides of body, black; antennae black; membrane slightly infuscated, veins brown candidatus, p. 102 Ground color sometimes pale greenish or yellowish, but dark markings of hemelytra distinct; other markings not as above 15 15. Cuneus black, slightly translucent at base; dorsum blackish; slender, pale areas present only at base of corium and of embolium; pale me- dian line present on pronotal disk, this line sometimes continued upon scutellum; length 6.80 necopinus, p. 103 Cuneus pale, or fuscous on inner half only; length not over 6.00 16 16. Lateral margins of pronotal disk and propleura, except ventral margin, black; median area of disk and scutellum pale 17 Pronotum with different coloring. ... 18 17. Length of female second antennal seg- ment slightly greater than twice the width of head across eyes; for males see figure of genital claspers, fig. 128 nyctalis, p. 104 Length of female second antennal seg- ment scarcely equal to twice the width ol head across eyes; for males see figure of genital claspers, fig. 128 lateralis, p. 104 18. Length of second antennal segment less than twice width of head across eyes 19 Length of second antennal segment twice width of head across eyes .... 20 19. Legs green or yellowish, not in- fuscated; light-colored areas of dorsum greenish or fading to yellow- ish, never tinged with salmon . . .modestus var. modestus, p. 104 Legs pale to greenish, but hind femora fuscous on apical half; light-colored areas of dorsum tinged with salmon ornatus, p. 103 20. Female calli with outer half black; male genital claspers as in fig. 128 . . serus, p. 102 Female calli, at least the outer half, pallid; for males see figures of geni- tal claspers 21 21. Juga black; smaller, length 5.20 dorsalis, p. 100 Juga yellowish; larger, length 5.80. . . neglectus, p. 105 Orthotylus chlorionis (Say) Capsus chlorionis Say (1832, p. 25; 1859, p. 346). This species is distinguished by its small size, short rostrum, green color and simple, fuscous pubescence. Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.25. Ros- trum, extending very slightly beyond middle of mesosternum, green, apex black. Anten- nae, greenish yellow, last two segments dusky to fuscous. General color green, head and ventral surface yellowish; mem- brane pale, veins green. Clothed with sim- ple, short, fuscous pubescence, this paler on embolium. Male genital claspers distinctive, fig. 128. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.30; second, 1.04; third, 0.90; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 0.51, width at base 1.12. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. _ Host Plants.—Honey locust {Gleditsia I triacanthos) and black locust {Robinia pseu- doacacia). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 99 Fig. 128.—Male genital claspers of Orthotylus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, lateral aspect. 100 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Iowa, Mississippi, Ohio, Texas, Virginia. Illinois Records.—E lizabethtown: May 27-31, 1932, on Rohinia pseudoacacia, H. L. Dozier, 24 $ . Mason City: June 2, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 3c?, 9$. Muncie: June 8, 1917, 1$. Oakwood: June 14, 1930, T. H. Prison, 1 9- White Heath: May 30. 1915. 1 i . Orthotylus ramus Knight Orthotyliis ramus Knight (\91'le, p. 178). This species is suggestive of chlorionis (Say), but is somewhat larger, with pale yellowish pubescence. Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Eyes and shape of head about as in female of clilorionis. Antennae yellowish green, last segment dusky. General color uniformly green or yellowish green, membrane pale, veins green. Genital structures distinctive, fig. 128, right clasper forked near base and forming two long, curved, acuminate arms; dorsal margin of genital segment with a strong chitinous spine projecting posteriorly. Female.—Length 4.10, width 1.54. Very similar to male in form, pubescence and coloration. Host Plants.—Hickory {Carya sp.) and pecan {Carya ilUnoensis) ; according to Johnston these insects feed largely on the catkins or male flowers and but very little on the pistillate flowers. A single specimen was taken in Illinois on wild grape {J'itis sp.), but that record is probably accidental. Known Distribution.—Georgia, Illi- nois, Iowa. Michigan, Mississippi, New York, Texas. Illinois Records.—Danville: June 8. 1902, Titus & Kahl, 1 9 • Elizabethtown: May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$ , 5 9- Mason City: June 2. 1933, C. O. Mohr, 5^, 10 9. Monticello: June 11, 1934, Prison & DeLong. 2$. Mound City: May 24, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$ , 4 9- Mounds: May 23, 1932, on wild grape, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Springfield: June 27, 1885, in woods, C. A. Hart, 1 $ . Orthotylus robiniae Johnston Orthotylus robiniae Johnston (1935, p. 15). Male.—Length 3.60, width 1.30. Ros- trum slightly surpassing hind margin of mesosternum. Antennae yellowish green, last two segments dusky. General color uniformly green or yellowish green; mem- brane pale to dusky, veins green. Clothed with simple, pale to yellowish pubescence. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 128; right clasper forked near apex, forming two short, flattened, acuminate arms curving inward and upward to near middle of genital seg- ment, the apex of each flattened and with short, blunt teeth; dorsal margin of genital segment with a slender chitinous spine pro- jecting postero-ventrally. Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.47. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Plant.— Black locust {Rohinia pseudoacacia) . Known Distribution.—Described from Mississippi and now recorded from Illinois. Illinois Records. — Eichorn : June 13, 1934, Hicks Branch. DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Fairfield: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2$. Mason City: June 2, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 1 $ . Orthotylus notabilis Knight Orthotylus notahilis\Y.n\%\\.x. (1927^, p. 176). Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, South Dakota; Sas- katchewan. Host unknown. Orthotylus ulmi Knight Orthotylus ulmi Knight {\911e, p. 179). Not taken in Illinois; known from Min- nesota and New York; breeds on elm {Ulmus sp.) and should eventually be found in Illinois. Orthotylus dorsalis (Provancher) LygiiS dorsalis Provancher (1872, p. 104). Male.—Length 4.90, width 1.50. Ros- trum reaching upon bases of middle coxae. Form elongate, costal margins of hemelytra nearly parallel. General color black. Cu- neus, embolium, base of corium, and rather broad area along radius, greenish trans- lucent; median line of pronotum frequently paler; rostrum, except apex, and legs, green; coxae paler; membrane fuscous, veins slight- ly paler. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. Female.—Fig. 129. Length 5.20, width 1.60. Pale green to greenish yellow; juga, arc or spot on either side of front, stripe either side of median line, stripe extending from inner basal angles of calli to basal margin of disk, scutellum except median line I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 101 (usually), all but base of clavus and large spot on inner apical angles of corium, dark fuscous to black; pale area of corium ex- tending along claval suture and thus tending to separate dark apical area from that of Fig. \29.~Orthotylns dorsalis, 9. clavus; membrane infuscated, veins distinct- ly paler. Legs green, femora yellowish ; tip of rostrum and apices of tarsi blackish. Host Plant.—Willow (Salix sp.). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Quebec. Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: 4$. Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Prison et al., 1(5, 2$. Freeport: July 2, 1917, 1$. Grandview: June 24, 1932, Prison & Mohr, 1 $ . Orthotylus taxodii new species This species is allied to robiniae Johnston, but is distinguished by the longer second antennal segment. Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.10. Head width 0.62, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching to bases of hind coxae. Antennae yellowish green, with pale pubescence ; last two seg- ments fuscous; length of first segment 0.26; second, 1.00, cylindrical, nearly equal to thickness of first; third, 0.54; fourth, 0.30. General color green; with mesoscutum, calli and vertex yellowish; hemelytra slightly translucent; cuneus uniformly green like co- rium; membrane pale fumate, veins green. Clothed with simple, pale yellowish pubes- cence. Legs yellowish green; tibial spines dark. Genital claspers distinctive for spe- cies, fig. 128. Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.20. Slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Head width 0.64, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first segment, length 0.27; second, maximum width, 1.14, taper- ing to become more slender on basal half ; third, length 0.56; fourth, length 0.37. Pro- notum, length 0.48, width at base 1.00. Host Plant.—Bald cypress {Taxodiujn (list ichum ) . Holotype, male. —Grantsburg, 111., June 22, 1932, on cypress, Ross, Dozier & Park. Allotype, female.—Same data as for ho- lotype. Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as for holotype, 1 $ , 36 $ . Elizabethtown : June 22-24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 29. Golconda: June 22, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 6$. Karnak: June 14, 1934, on cypress, DeLong & Ross, \2 $ , 269. Shawneetown: June 14, 1934, De- Long & Ross, 1 9 . Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee (1916i^, p. 103 "i. Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.50. Ros- trum reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae dusky yellow, last two seg- ments pale fuscous. General color green; head, pronotum anteriorly, embolium, and femora, yellowish ; base of tylus with a small fuscous spot; membrane pale to fu- mate. Clothed with simple, recumbent, pale pubescence. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.55. Slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Plant.—Black willow {Salix ni- (jra) and perhaps other willows. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Mary- land, Michigan, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Que- bec, Tennessee, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and 60 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 1, are 102 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1 from Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand Detour, Herod, Kansas, Rockford, St. Joseph, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, White Heath. Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee Orthotylits candidatus Van Duzee (1916i^, p. 124). Not taken in Illinois; knovi'n from Min- nesota, New Hampshire, New York; breeds on American aspen {Populus tremuloides). Male claspers as in fig. 128. Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee {\9\(>b, p. 121). Not taken in Illinois; known from Indi- ana, New York, Ohio; breeds on American aspen {Populus balsamifera) and balm of Gilead {P. candicans). Male claspers as in fig. 128. Orthotylus serus Van Duzee Orthotylus serus Van Duzee (1921, p. 131). Male.—Length 5.30, width 1.58. Gen- eral color black; median line of pronotal disk and scutellum pale; embolium, outer margin of corium and cuneus pale greenish, translucent; genae, gula, bucculae, rostrum except apex, sternum, and legs, greenish yellow; membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. Male genital claspers as in fig. 128. Female.—Length 5.56, width 1.61; very similar to male in form and coloration; hemelytra with costal margins nearly paral- lel; sometimes the pronotal disk, vertex and front bordering eyes with broader pale mark than in male. Habits.—Breeds on hawthorns {Cratae- gus punctata and C. tomentosa). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, New York. Illinois Record.—Frankfort: June 8, 1933, on Crataegus tomentosa, Mohr & Townsend, 19 ^ , 32 $ . Orthotylus basicornis Knight Orthotylus basicornis Knight (1923^, p. 515). Male.—Length 5.60, width 1.66. Ros- trum reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae with first segment black, second yellowish to pale fuscous, third pale fuscous, fourth fuscous. General color green; embolium and outer edge of corium yellowish green; membrane pale, veins green. Clothed with prominent, suberect, rather coarse, pale pubescence. Suggestive of viridis Van Duzee, but distinguished by the black, first antennal segment and structure of the male genital claspers, fig. 128. Female.—Length 5.60, width 1.70. Very similar to male in form, color and pubes- cence. Host Plant. — Sandbar willow {Salix longifolia) . Known Distribution.— Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Quebec, South Dakota. Illinois Records.—Thirty-nine males and 30 females, taken June 9 to Aug. 24, are from Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, Fulton, Freeport, Galena, Grand Detour, Kamps- ville, Keithsburg, McHenry, Normal, Oquawka, Quincy, Savanna, Urbana, Warsaw, Waukegan, West Union. Orthotylus rossi new species This species is allied to basicornis Knight, but differs in its shorter second antennal segment; the first segment is always paler or greenish above ; the structure of the male genital claspers is distinctive, fig. 128. Orthotylus rossi is also allied to the western species, fuscicornis Knight, but differs in being larger, having a longer first antennal segment and short, recumbent pubescence, and in details of the genital claspers. Male.—Length 6.10, width 1.80. Head width 1.18, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 1.56, extending slightly beyond middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.56, fuscous to black beneath, yel- lowish to green above; second, 1.95, yellow- ish green, length less than twice width of head; third, 1.08, fuscous; fourth, 0.56, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at base 1.65. Clothed with rather short, re- cumbent, pale pubescence. General color uniformly yellowish green to clear green; eyes, first antennal segment beneath, tip of rostrum, and tips of tarsi, blackish; mem- brane pale, veins yellowish to greenish. Genital claspers distinctive, right clasper differs from that of basicornis by having a broad, truncated apex. Female.—Length 6.30, width 2.16. Head width 1.12, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.54, fuscous to blackish be- neath; second, 1.86; third, 1.08; fourth, September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 103 0.56. Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base 1.78. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Plant.—Willow {Salix sp.). Holotype, male.—Warsaw, 111.: June 9, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Mohr. Allotype, female.—Same data as for holotype. Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as for holotype, 5 $ , 5 $ . Champaign: June 15, 1888, at light, C. A. Hart, 1 9 . Grand Tower: June 27, 1906, on willow, C. A. Hart, 7$, 13 9. Kampsville : June 25, 1932, Prison, Betten & Ross, 2 S • Keiths- burg: June 8, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Mohr, 2$. Savanna: July 23, 1892, on sandbar in Mississippi River, McElfresh, Hart & Forbes, I $ , 2 9- Iowa.—Ames: Aug., 1940, I9. Coun- cil Bluffs: July 16, 1940, 1 <5 . Daven- port: June 27, 1940, 3 S . Dubuque: June 27, 1 S ; July 5, 1 5 ; July 9, 1940, 1 $ . Muscatine: July 27, 1940, trap light, 1 S . All Iowa paratypes, KC. Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee (1916/^, p. 125). Male.—Length 6.60, width 2.11. Gen- eral color brownish black; juga, vertex, area extending along front of eyes, median line of pronotal disk and frequently anterior part of median line of scutellum, base of embolium, slender area at base of radius, areas bordering cuneal fracture, pale to pale translucent; basal half of venter, and coxae, pale; femora and tibiae testaceous to fuscous; genital claspers, fig. 128, distinctive for species. Female.—Length 6.80, width 2.20; very similar to male, but frequently with pale areas broader. Host Plant.—Yellow birch {Betula lu- tea) in cool, damp, shaded situations. Known Distribution. — Illinois, New Hampshire, New York, Ontario. Illinois Record. — Northern Illinois, ui. Orthotylus submarginatus (Say) CapsHS submarginatus Say (1832, p. 23; 1859, p. 244). Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.33. Dor- sum pale salmon to orange ; antennae, front of head, lateral margins of pronotal disk. scutellum, rather broad area on either side of commissure, embolium, area at apex of corium, apex of cuneus, and membrane, blackish or black; rostrum, except apex, pale ; legs mostly pale, with hind femora dusky and tibiae almost black. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. P'emale.—Length 4.80, width 1.44; very similar to male, but salmon yellow areas more broad above; venter white with dorso- lateral margins black; ostiolar peritreme fuscous, epimera and sternum blackish. Host Plant. — Black locust {Robinia pseudoacacia) . Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Bluff Springs: June 10. 1932, Ross & Mohr, 1 9- McClure: June 25, 1931, Prison, Betten & Ross, 1 9 . Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee (1916/^, p. 122). Male.—Length 5.60, width 1.78. Ros- trum extending to bases of middle coxae. Body clothed with moderately short, recum- bent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. General color black or very dark brown; tip of scutellum, basal angles of corium, and cuneus, pale to pale translucent; membrane fuscous, veins and spot on middle of apical half slightly paler; legs pale to dusky, front and middle femora very dark brown, poste- rior pair darker. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.05. Gen- eral color chiefly pale, tinged with reddish, varied with fuscous. Base of tylus and spot just above, sometimes an arc on front, basal margins of calli, pronotal disk, except median line and lateral margins, basal angles of scu- tellum, apical half of corium, and part of clavus, fuscous to blackish ; antennae pale fusco-brownish, first segment darker; hind femora very dark brown. Sometimes this sex may have blackish areas broader and paler parts not at all tinged with reddish. Host Plant.—Crack willow {Salix fra- ffilis ) . Known Distribution.—Colorado, Con- necticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario, South Dakota, Texas. Illinois Records.—Eight males and 11 females, taken May 14 to July 8, are from 104 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 Algonquin, Antioch, Apple River Canyon State Park, Dubois, Elizabeth, Galena, Meredosia, Muncie, Oregon, Valley City. Orthotylus nyctalis Knight Orthotylus nyctalis Knight (1927^, p. 181). This species is very similar to lateralis Van Duzee in color, but its form is more slender; the two differ chiefly in the struc- ture of the male genital claspers. Male.—Length 5.10, width 1.40. Ros- trum extending slightly beyond middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae very dark fuscous, with second segment uniformly dusky yellow. Coloration nearly as in late- ralis, but darker. Clothed with simple, sub- erect, bristly, pale hairs. Ground color pale, with lateral margins of pronotal disk, dorsal halves of propleura, and all but narrow area :.r apex of first antennal segment, black; outer half of corium, base of clavus, apical half of cuneus, episterna, and dorso-lateral margins of venter, fuscous to blackish; mem- brane pale fuscous with veins and narrow areas of membrane bordering veins, clear. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.64. An- tennae dusky yellow, third segment pale to dusky, fourth dusky. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubes- cence. Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.— Oakwood: July 5, 1936, Mohr & Burks, 1 $ . Willow Springs: July 21, 1912, on poplar, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ , kc. Orthotylus lateralis Van Duzee Orthotylus lateralis Van Duzee (1916i^, p. 120). Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.47. Head pale yellowish, frons and tylus blackish. Rostrum, length 1.30, extending upon tips of middle coxae, yellowish, apex black. An- tennae with first segment black; second cylindrical, black, clothed with fine, short, dusky pubescence; third and fourth black. Pronotum black; ventral margins of pro- pleura pallid; disk behind calli and the an- terior margin, pale to yellowish; calli brown- ish to black. Scutellum pallid, lateral mar- gins narrowly fuscous ; mesoscutum yellow- ish to fuscous. Hemelytra dark fuscous; base of corium, embolium and base of cu- neus pale translucent. Membrane and veins pale fuscous, central area paler. Body be- neath pale to yellowish; sides of thorax and venter dark fuscous. Dorsum clothed with simple, suberect, pale to dusky pubescence. Legs pale greenish; apical half of hind femora fuscous; tibiae dusky; tarsi fuscous. Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.50. More robust than the male; similar in color but pallid areas more extensive. Known Distribution.—Described from Colorado and since recognized from Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and Oklahoma. Illinois Records.—Galesburg: July 16, 1892, on "cottonwood," Stromberg, 3 9 • Monticello: June 28, 1914, C. A. Hart, 19. Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee (1916/5', p. 109). Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.44. Ros- trum reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae fusco-brownish, first seg- ment darker. General color fuscous to blackish. Head and paler parts of hem- elytra tinged with yellowish; embolium pale, base of corium, rather broad area along radius, and cuneus, greenish yellow; mem- brane uniformly infuscated, veins scarcely paler. Body clothed with moderately prom- inent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. Genital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 128. Female.—Length 4.50, width 1.47. Gen- eral color pale greenish. Legs darker; dor- sum marked with blackish; spot at base of tylus, transverse mark across bases of calli, mark paralleling basal margin of pronotal disk which approaches but does not attain lateral angles, basal angles and median spot at base of scutellum, all but basal angles of clavus, and spot on inner apical angle of corium, fuscous to black; membrane uni- formly dark fuscous. The black markings vary greatly in extent and intensity, in some cases being indistinct or absent. The uniformly green-colored specimens of this species constitute the va- riety iminaculatus Knight (1923^, p. 520). Host Plants.—Willows {Salix fragilis and 5. nigra). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs^ or Miridae, of Illinois 105 Illinois Records.—Eighty-nine males and 106 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 1, are from Alton, Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, Danville, Decatur, Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand De- tour, Grand Tower, Hardin, Havana, Herod, Homer, Keithsburg, Mahomet, Marshall, Monticello, Mount Carmel, Oquawka, Oregon, Quincy, Quiver Lake, Rockford, St. Joseph, Savanna, Seymour, Springfield, Urbana, Warsaw, White Heath. Orthotylus neglectus Knight Orthotylus neglectus Knight (\92id, p. 515). Male.—Length 5.40, width 1.75. In color pattern similar to dorsalis (Provancher), but genital claspers, fig. 128, indicate it is more closely related to basicornis Knight and knighti Van Duzee. Color black, rostrum except apex, slender lateral margin of pro- notal disk, cuneus, embolium, and outer margin of corium, greenish; legs greenish, darkened at bases of coxae and tips of tarsi; membrane and veins uniformly blackish. Rarely, pale forms may occur having median line of pronotum and scutellum pale. Female.—Length 5.80, width 1.90; more robust than the male, usually pale areas more extensive. Food Plant.—Black willow {Salix ni- gra). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, New York, Nova Scotia. Illinois Record.— Antioch: June 12, 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 i . Noctuocoris Knight No Illinois species; Noctuocoris fumidus (Van Duzee) occurs from Colorado east- ward to New York and Massachusetts. It will likely be found in Illinois eventually. Labopidea Uhler KEY TO SPECIES 1. Pubescence very short, recumbent, with just a few odd, erect, fuscous hairs scattered over pronotum and mesoscutum ainsliei, p. 105 Pubescence prominent, dorsum clothed with erect, pale hairs 2 2. Anterior margin of pronotum not raised above flat surface of the disk. planifrons, p. 105 .'\nterior margin of pronotum and calli slightly arched, raised above flat, central area of disk allii, p. 105 Labopidea planifrons Knight Labopidea planifrons Knight (1928rf, p. 234). Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa and South Dakota. Labopidea ainsliei Knight Labopidea ainsliei Knight (1928^, p. 235 j. This species is allied to allii Knight, but differs in having a wider vertex, shorter pubescence and pale yellowish green color; ainsliei is also distinguished by the form of the male genital claspers. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.15. Anten- nae, greenish yellow, last two segments brownish. Body clothed with very short, fine, pale pubescence; a few silvery, silky hairs also evident on pronotum. General color greenish yellow, hemelytra more green, but not blue green as in perfect specimens of allii; membrane and veins evenly shaded with pale fumate. Genital claspers distinc- tive, left clasper more slender than in allii, basal lobe produced aoove to form an acu- minate spine; right clasper slender, widened at base to form a dorsal, subtriangular lobe; apical half slender, incurved and acu- minate. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.34. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Plants.—Wild onion {Allium cer- nuum) and cultivated onions in Iowa. Known Distribution.— Illinois and Iowa. Illinois Records.— Fountain Bluff: May 15, 1932, Prison, Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . Giant City State Park: May 21, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Muncie: June 10, 1919, 1 $ . Labopidea allii Knight Onion Plant Bug Labopidea allii Knight (1923^, p. 31). This is a small, blue green species with fine, erect, simple, pale pubescence, figs. 130, 131. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.28. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length 0.75, scarcely reaching to middle of sternum. 106 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1 Antennae, first segment, length 0.34; second, 1.05, yellowish brown, green at base; third, 1.01, dusky brown; fourth, 0.43, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.48, width at base 1.08; disk rather flat, anterior margin and calli about smaller areole green; tip of rostrum black. Male genital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 132. Female.—Length 4.10, width 1.48. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Brachypterous females are at hand from Iowa; in these the last two segments of abdomen are exposed, cuneus short and membrane lacking. Host Plants.—Wild garlic {Allium can- adense) and wild onion {Allium cernuum) ; Fig. 130.— Labopidea allii, the lone-winged form. slightly arched. Body clothed with fine, erect, simple, pale hairs, this pubescence longest on clavus, base of embolium, mar- gins of pronotum, and frons; on pronotum and hemelytra minute, silvery, sericeous hairs which shine in certain lights also present. General color a pale blue green; antennae, except first segment, brownish; membrane uniformly pale fumate, veins Fig. 131. form. -Labopidea allii, the short-winged this species often migrates to cultivated onions, where it becomes exceedingly abun- dant, often killing the plants. In southern Missouri from 1934 to 1936, many plantings of Bermuda onions were destroyed. La- bopidea alia is also reported as a pest in southern Iowa and eastern Kansas. The bug winters as an egg in old onion stems. Destroying the old onion tops and eradicat- I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 107 ing the nearby stands of the wild host should keep the pest under control. Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma. Fig. 132.— Male genital claspers of f.abopidea alia. Illinois Records.—Sixteen males and 15 females, taken May 7 to October, are from Green County, Alto Pass, Anna, Cache, Cobden, Dongola, Elizabethtown, Fountain Bluff, Grand Tower, Olney, Rattlesnake Ferry, Urbana. Heterocordylus Fieber Heterocordylus malinus Reuter Heterocordylus malinus Reuter (1909, p. 71). Male.—Length 6.20, width 2.20. Head width 1.12, vertex 0.58. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.47; second, 1.80, maximum thickness equal to that of first segment, pubescence prominent, black; third, length 0.73, moderately slender; fourth, length 0.52, slender. Pronotum, length 1.12, widtii at base 1.95. General color black, usually with a patch of red on basal angles of pro- notum and hemelytra. Clothed with very fine, yellowish to dusky, simple pubescence, intermixed with rather sparsely placed tufts of white, deciduous, tomentose pubescence. Female.—Fig. 133. Length 6.20, width 2.40. Antennae with second segment nearly as thick as first segment but more slender on basal half. Red areas often broader than those of male; usually with basal half of pronotum, embolium, inner half of corium, base and exterior margin of clavus, and cu- neus, red; more rarely entirely black, as in male. Pubescence as in male. Food Plants. — Hawthorn {Crataegus sp.) is the original host, but in many locali- Fig. 133.— Heterocordylus malinus, 9. ties the species migrates and breeds on culti- vated apple (Pyrus mains). A single Illinois specimen was collected on locust {Robinia pseudoacacia). Known as a pest of apple in New York where the nymphs have been observed to puncture the small fruits; this species is not, however, so serious a pest as Lygidea mendax Reuter. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missis- sippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Wiscon- sin. Illinois Records.— Twenty-one males and ii females and 7 nymphs, taken May 23 to June 27, are from Eldorado, Eliza- beth, Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Mani- to, Pegrim, Willow Springs. CERATOCAPSINI KEY TO GENERA Pronotum anterior to middle nearly cylin- drical, rather abruptly flaring behind middle, basal half of disk strongly con- vex; emboliar margins sulcata on basal half Pamillia, p. 108 Pronotum regularly narrowed anteriorly, its sides not constricted at middle; em- boliar margins not sulcate, fig. 197. . . . Ceratocapsus, p. 108 108 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22. Art. 1 Pamillia Uhler No Illinois species; Pamillia davisi Knight is known from New Jersey. Ceratocapsus Renter KEY TO SPECIES 1. Clothed only with simple pubescence, although sometimes also with prom- inent, long, pilose hairs 2 Clothed with two types of pubescence; bearing either more or less closely appressed, silky, tomentose pubes- cence, or scalelike pubescence, and in addition intermixed, more erect pubescence 6 2. Head and antennae chiefly red; dor- sum uniformly yellowish 3 Head and antennae not distinctly red; dorsum more or less darkened 4 3. Antennae entirely red rubricornis, p. 109 Antennae with first segment and basal part ot second yellowish lutescens, p. 1 11 4. Dorsum dark brown, a broad pale or yellowish mark extending across hemelytra just beyond tip of scutel- lum fasciatus, p. 109 Dorsum without transverse pale fascia 5 5. Robust; head and thorax not, or scarcely, darker than hemelytra, which are very dark brown with basal half frequently paler; length 4.30 modestus, p. 1 1 1 Slender; head and thorax black, hem- elytra yellowish with a fuscous cloud on corium; sometimes brachypter- ous; length 4.50 nigrocephalus, p. 1 1 1 6. Dorsum dark brown, a broad, pale mark extending across hemelytra just beyond tip of scutellum; this pale area in cuticula, not formed by pubescence pilosulus, p. 109 Dorsum without transverse pale mark 7 7. Pronotum impunctate, sometimes with vague, minute cracks 8 Pronotum punctate, these punctures sometimes rather minute, but always distinctly present 14 8. Clavus bearing long, pilose hairs. ... 9 Clavus without long, pilose hairs. . . .11 9. Length of first antennal segment equal to not more than three-fourths width of vertex in male, in female less than three-fourths; male slender, length of second antennal segment only slightly exceeding width of head; female brachypter- ous, disk of corium swollen, convex camelus, p. 1 14 Length of first antennal segment ap- proximately equal to width of ver- tex 10 10. Second antennal segment fuscous at apex; male best distinguished by structure of genital claspers, fig. 134 husseyi, p. 113 Second antennal segment uniformly pale yellowish; male best distin- guished by structure of genital claspers, fig.134 sericus, p. 113 11. Length of third antennal segment not equal to width of vertex plus dorsal width of one eye; color uniformly yellowish, antennae brownish apically luteus, p. Ill Length of third antennal segment greater than width of vertex plus dorsal width of one eye 12 12. Length of second antennal segment approximately equal to or greater than width of pronotum at base; color very dark brown, almost black; length 4.50. . .nigellus, p. Ill Length of second antennal segment less than width ofpronotum at base. . 13 13. Third and fourth antennal segments approximately equal in length; total length 3.10. .- . . .taxodii, p. Ill Third antennal segment distinctly longer than fourth; total length 3.40 vicinus, p. 112 14. Length of third antennal segment greater than width of vertex plus dorsal width of one eye 15 Length of third antennal segment equal to or less than width of vertex plus dorsal width of one eye 17 15. Length of third antennal segment equal to width of head; fem.ale ovate, brachypterous, length 2.50; male length 3.10. . . .setosus, p. 115 Length of third antennal segment less than width of head 16 16. Pronotum with a fuscous spot behind each callus; scutellum and clavus bearing a few long, pilose hairs. . . . complicatus, p. 114 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 109 Pronotum with calli and anterior area of disk dark fuscous to black; scutellum and clavus rather thickly clothed with suberect, yellowish pubescence, but without long, pilose hairs pumilus, p. 112 17. Length of second antennal segment greater than width of head plus dorsal width of one eye incisus, p. 113 Length ot second antennal segment not exceeding width of head plus dorsal width of one eye 18 18. Membrane uniformly pale, darkest specimens with membrane slightly smoky; length 2.80 quadrispiculus, p. 114 Membrane dark 19 19. Second and third antennal segments uniformly pale yellowish uniformis, p. 1 13 Third antennal segment dark or red- dish brown 20 20. Dorsum densely clothed with erect, rather bristly pubescence digitulus, p. 115 Dorsum more sparsely clothed with semierect pubescence 21 21. Membrane uniformly fuscous decurvatus, p. 116 Membrane pale, fuscous on apical one- third only fuscinus, p. 115 Ceratocapsus fasciatus (Uhler) Megacoelum Jasciatum Uhler (1877, p. 421). Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.30. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.28. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.26; second, 0.91; third, 0.60; fourth, 0.48. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.04. General color dark chestnut brown with legs and antennae paler; hem- elytra with a broad, transverse, pale yellow- ish band behind tip of scutellum; clothed only with fine recumbent, yellowish pubes- cence. Genital claspers as in fig. 134. Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.40. Head width 0.67, vertex 0.33. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.29; second, 0.99; third, 0.61 ; fourth, 0.52. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 0.67. Very similar to male in color and pubescence. Host Plant.—Hickory {Gary a sp.). Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- sissippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Illinois: July 16, 1892, 1 <5 ; 1 c? , 2 $ . Argo: Aug. 13, 1916, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ , fm. Dubois: July 2, 1909, beating from tree, 1 $ . Galesburg: June 27, 1892, 29- Palos Park: July 27. 1913, on hickory, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ , fm. Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight (1927f, p. 145). Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.70. Anten- nae deep red, last two segments somewhat darker red. Clothed with simple, yellowish pubescence; a few longer, more nearly erect hairs on base of clavus, scutellum and disk of pronotum. Color uniformly pale yellow- ish ; antennae, head, propleura above middle of coxal cleft, and hind tibiae, bright red. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134; differ from those of lutescens Reuter by long, de- curved, sickle-shaped apical half of right clasper and by broader basal spine. Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.90. In coloration and pubescence similar to male. Food Plants.—Collected on linden {Tilia americana) . Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Mississippi. Illinois Record.—Galesburg: August, on linden, 1 9 • Ceratocapsus pilosulus Knight Ceratocapsus pilosus Knight (\92id, p. 526). Preoccupied. Ceratocapsus pilosulus Knight (1930f, p. 198). This species is very similar to fasciatus (Uhler) in size and coloration but is readily to be distinguished by the long, pilose hairs on the head and the dorsum, and by the claspers, fig. 134. Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Pront beset with several prominent, erect hairs. Rostrum attaining hind margins of posterior coxae. Antennae with second segment be- coming gradually thicker from base to apex, yellowish brown; third brownish; fourth dark brown. Pronotum clothed with fine, yellowish pubescence, margins of disk beset with prominent pilose hairs. General color dark brown; hemelytra with a broad, trans- verse, pale yellowish fascia just behind apex of scutellum. Hemelytra clothed with very no Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1 fine, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence, intermixed with longer recumbent pubes- cence and sparsely set, erect, pilose hairs, pubescence taking color of surface beneath. Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. More robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. F"oon Plants.—Collected on hop horn- beam {Ostrya virginiana) , bur oak (Quer- cus niacrocarpa) and hazelnut {Corylus americana). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York. Illinois Records. — Northern Illinois: July, 1 $ ; 1 5 , 1 9 . Algonquin: June 10, 1896, 2$, 1$. Galena: June 30, 1932, Fig. 134.— Male genital claspers of Ceratocapsiis. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, lateral aspect. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 111 Dozier & Mohr. on Corylus sp., 9 FM. Kankakee: Aug. 1, 1933, Ross & Mohr, 1 9 . Pilophorus setiger new species Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Head width 0.91, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 1.51, reaching base of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.30, yellowish brown; second, 1.34, yellowish, apical one-fourth very dark brown, slender, slightly thicker apically; third, 0.48, pale, apical half fus- cous; fourth, 0.39, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.73, width at base 1.23; from tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.38. Dorsum clothed with fine, simple, yellowish pubescence intermixed with sparsely set, sub- erect, bristlelike hairs; posterior silvery band dislocated at claval suture, but still making contact with that part on clavus; basal band thick, extending from costal edge to claval suture at a point very slightly be- hind tip of scutellum; paracuneus with two silvery patches. General color dark brown to almost black, hemelytra brown, corium dark brown and shining on area behind pos- terior silvery line and exterior to radial vein, cuneus also dark brown and shining; mem- brane pale fuscous, a large brown cloud cov- ering larger areole and central area of mem- brane; legs brown; coxae partly paler; hind tibiae very slightly curved. Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Very similar to male in general proportions, color and pubescence. Holotype, male.—Kings Bluff, Winona County, Minn.: June 30, 1922, H. H. Knight, KC. Allotype, female.—Same data as for holotype, KC. Paratypes.—Illinois.—Galena : June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 2 9 ; July 10, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Palos Park: May 31, 1914, W. J. Gerhard, 1 9 • Wil- low Springs: June 9, 1912, 1 $ ; June 28, 1903, 1 9 ; Sept. 4, 1904, W. J. Ger- hard, 1 9 , FM. South Dakota.—Trail County: Aug. 19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, 1 5 , kc. MIRINAE KEY TO GENERA 1. Pronotum distinctly swollen at middle as wide as or wider than hind margin, fig. 142 2 Pronotum widest at hind margin, not noticeably swollen at middle, fig. 145 3 2. Length of first antennal segment less than width of vertex; pronotum not extending back to "basal angles of hemelytra; base of scutellum poorly defined Pithanus, p. 125 Length of first antennal segment September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 125 greater than width of vertex, fig. 142; pronotum extending back to basal angles ot hemelvtra, and hemelytra usually depressed near base and tip of scutellum, arched over middle of abdomen Mimoceps, p. 125 3. Head strongly exserted with eyes placed near middle, thus far removed from anterior ot pronotum, fig. 143. Collaria, p. 126 Head not or only slightly exserted; eyes in contact with pronotum or nearly so, fig. 144 4 4. Pronotum impunctate or nearly so. . . . 5 Pronotum coarselv and deeplv punc- tured 8 5. Antennal segments thickly covered with long, erect, black hairs, fig. 144; body covered with fine, long, erect pubescence; eyes slightly removed from anterior angles of pronotum. . . Miris, p. 127 Antennal segments clothed with very short pubescence, fig. 145; body nearly glabrous, at most with very short pubescence 6 6. Head short and greatly flattened, front scarcely protruding beyond bases ot antennae, fig. 145; head with a broad and shallow median basin; first an- tennal segment slender and curved, thickest near base, tapering to be- come slender at middle, then becom- ing slightly enlarged at apex Teratocoris, p. 12X Head long and pointed, front project- ing sharply beyond bases ot anten- nae, compare fig. 144; first antennal segment not formed as above 7 7. Rostrum not extending behind middle coxae Trigonotylus, p. 129 Rostrum extending to base of abdomen Megaloceroea, p. 125 8. First antennal segment with verv short pubescence, practically glabrous; pronotum and scutellum sparsely covered with deep punctures Mesotniris, p. 131 First antennal segment thickly covered with long pubescence; punctures of pronotum and scutellum deep and closely placed. . . .Stenodema, p. 130 Megaloceroea Fieber No Illinois species; Megaloceroea recti- p. 149- cortiis (Geoffrey) is apparently an imported ousl?. European species which has been recognized in British Columbia, Idaho, Iowa, Ontario, Wisconsin. It has not as yet been collected in Illinois, but most likely it will be found here eventually. Pithanus I'ieber No Illinois species; Pithanus maerkelii (Herrich-Schaeffer) is known from British Columbia, Maine, New York, Washington. Mimoceps LHiier Mimoceps insignis Lhler Mimoceps insignis Uhler (1890, p. 84). Male.—Length 3.50, width 0.91. Head width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 1.25, reaching to base of middle coxae. An- tennae, first segment, length 0.60, pale, black on base; second, 1.70, pale; third, 1.21, fus- cous; fourth, 0.95, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.78, width at base 0.73 ; calli large, convex, smooth, occupying middle of disk. Mimoceps insignis, brachypter- 126 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin- To/. 22. Art. 1 Hemclytra short, membrane absent, apices rounded, covering three-fourths of abdo- men, depressed at base, apical half more convex; dorsum glabrous, shining. General color black; white spot present on either side at base of hemelytra; legs pale, femora reddish except at base ; coxae fuscous at bases; rostrum pale, except at base and apex. Female.—Brachypterous: Fig. 142. Length 4.50, width 1.30. Head width 0.95, vertex 0.52. Antennae, first segment, length 0.61; second, 1.77. Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 0.82. Form of hemelytra and coloration similar to male. Macropterous: Length 4.80, width 1.34. Head width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first segment, length 0.61 ; second, 1.78. Pro- notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.08. Hem- elytra with membrane developed, fuscous ; hrachium distinct; cuneus large, outer mar- gin arcuated. Color black; basal half of clavus and corium pale yellowish; legs and rostrum as in male. The macropterous form is rare. Paler specimens of this species, in which the hemelytra are almost entirely creamy white, belong to the variety gracilis Uhler (1890, p. 85). Food Plants.—Sedges. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Ida- ho, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Utah, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.—Four males and 1 1 females, taken June 10 to Aug. 26, are from Algonquin, Argo, Beach, Champaign, Fox Lake, Galesburg, Grayslake, Palos Park, Rock Island, Volo, Zion. CoUaria Provancher KEY TO SPECIES Pronotal disk brown to fuscous, conspicu- ous black spot present on either side of basal half ef disk oculata, p. 127 Pronotal disk black, black spots obscure meilleurii, p. 126 Collaria meilleurii Provancher CoUaria meilleurii Provancher fl872, p. 79; 1886, p. 102j. Male.—Length 6.00-7.00, width 1.70. Head width 1.08, vertex 0.48. Antennae, first segment, length 0.78, yellowish brown, base blackish; second, 4.11, black; third, 2.64; fourth, 1.56. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at base 1.17; calli strongly convex, nearly as high as base of pronotum ; basal Fig. 143.— Collaria meilleurii, 9. half of disk with an opaque black spot on either side near basal angle, these spots in- conspicuous on the black background. Gen- eral color black; front of head shining; legs yellowish brown ; femora with small, black spots ; hemelytra translucent, yellowish ; cla- vus and irregular area on apical half of corium, fuscous to black. Female.—Fig. 143. More robust than male, but very similar in color and scarcity of pubescence. Host Plants.—Bluejoint grass {Cala- rnagrostis canadensis) and other grasses in damp situations. Known Distribution.—Alberta, Con- necticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Massa- chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Vermont. Illinois Records. — Twenty-four males and 16 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 4, are from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Ce- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 127 dar Lake, Dug Hill, Homer Park, Oak- wood, Urbana, V'olo, West Union. Collaria oculata (Reuter) Trachelomiris ociilatus Reuter (1876, p. 61). Male.—Length 6.00, width 1.50. Head width 0.93, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.95; second, 2.84; third, 1.94; clothed with long, pilose hairs. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at base 1.30; disk brown- ish, a large opaque, black spot each side near basal angle ; calli only moderately con- vex. General color brownish with fuscous; hemelytra chiefly brown ; legs pale to brown- ish yellow; hind femora with seriate fus- cous spots on anterior aspect. Fem.ale.—Length 6.75, width 1.75. More robust than the male but very similar in general form and color. Host Plants.—Occurs on grasses in dry sandy meadows; this species found breeding on panic grass {Panicum huachucae) in Virginia. Known Distribution.—Common in the southern United States and known from as far north as Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, New York, Ohio. Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 54 females, taken May 15 to Sept. 30, are from Ashley, Carbondale, Chautauqua Bluff, Clay City, Dixon Springs, Dolson, Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fulton, Herod, Mahomet, Meredosia, Murphys- boro, Norris City, Odin, Palos Park, Pulas- ki, St. Anne, Saratoga, Shawneetown, Thebes, Waukegan. Miris Fabricius Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus) IVIeadow Plant Bug Cimex dolabratus Linnaeus (1758, p. 449). Adults.—Fig. 144. Length 7.30-8.50, width 2.40. General color pale greenish with fuscous and black markings; pronotum with two black stripes that run over the scutellum ; clothed with fine, long, erect pu- bescence. Brachypterous females common. Females have the second antennal segment uniformly slender, which distinguishes them from ferrugatiis Fallen. Darker males of this species, in which the hemelytra are tawny brown, are referable to the variety aurantiacus Reuter (1875, p. 16). These and the lighter specimens occur together in Illinois. Food Plants.—Bluegrass {Poa praten- sis), timothy (Phleum pratense) and fre- quently other grasses. A series of specimens was taken in this state on spiderwort {Tra- descantia sp.). These bugs puncture grass stems, causing the tops of the plants to wilt. Known Distribution.—This is a com- mon European species which is now widely distributed in the eastern United States and Fig. 144.— Miris dolabratus, cf . Canada. The fact that this bug is not evenly distributed through the states where it occurs lends evidence to the view that it may have arrived here after the advent of white men. Illinois Records.—One hundred forty- nine males, 122 females and 2 nymphs, taken May 18 to July 11, are from Algon- quin, Amboy, Antioch, Aurora, Custer Park, Danvers, Dixon, East Dubuque, Erie, Free- port. Galena, Glendon Park, Grand Detour, Grandview, Hamilton, Hardin, Harvard, 128 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Joliet, Keithsburg, Lyndon, Mahomet, Ma- rengo, Mount Carroll, Muncie, Oakwood, Oregon. Palos Park, Peoria, Putnam, Quincy. Rock Island, Rockton, St. Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna. Seaton. Seymour, Shel- don. Urbana. Watseka. Waukegan. White Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, Wil- low Springs. Zion. Teratccoris Fieber KEY TO SPECIES Scutellum and clavus fuscous to black. . . . discolor, p. 128 Scutellum and clavus unitormly green. . . . paludum, p. 128 Teratocoris discolor Uhler Teratocoris discolor Uhler (1887f, p. 68). Male.—Length 4.80. width 1.25. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.38. Rostrum, length 1.17. reaching slightly beyond middle of Fig. 145.— Teratocoris discolor, 9. sternum. Antennae, first segment, length 1.04, thicker on basal half, reddish, blackish at base; second, 2.07, reddish; third, 1.47. fuscous; fourth, 0.99, blackish. Pronotum. length 0.77, width at base 1.04. Tibiae and ventral margins of femora bearing long, pilose hairs. General color pale greenish with fuscous and black areas; basal angles of pronotum, base of hemelytra, and full length of embolium, pale or greenish; legs reddish, bases of femora and tips of coxae paler. Female.—Fig. 145. Length 5.60, width 1.64. More robust than male, hemelytra and venter much paler in color; usually only slightly fuscous along claval suture and in- ner angles of corium, sometimes tinged with reddish. Host Plants.—Occurs on sedges (Scir- pus and Carex). Frequently collected at lights. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- nois. Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michi- gan. IVIissouri. Ohio, Ontario, Quebec, South Dakota. Utah. Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 42 females, taken May 30 to Sept. 8, are from Champaign. Chicago, Galena, Grayslake, Havana, Momence, Odin, Urbana. Teratocoris paludum J. Sahlberg Teratocoris pallidum J. Sahlberg (1871, p. 291). Male.—Length 5.40, width 1.21. Head width 0.78, vertex 0.39. Rostrum, length 1.17, just reaching middle of sternum. An- tennae, first segment, length 1.43, thicker on basal half, reddish; second, 2.81, reddish; third, 1.47, fuscous; fourth, 1.08, black. Pronotum, length 0.74, width at base 1.02. General color light green, yellowish on head and mesoscutum ; legs green; hind tibiae and tips of femora bright red; hind tibiae with long, pilose hairs. Female.—Length 5.80, width 1.34. More robust than male, but very similar in colora- tion. Host Plant.—Occurs on sedge {Carex I'esicaria), which probably is the plant on which this species breeds. Frequently col- lected at lights. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Ontario, South Da- kota ; Finland. Illinois Records. — Chicago: May 23, W. J. Gerhard, 3 , fm ; June 13, W. J. Gerhard. 1 $ , fm ; Mav 25, 1906, at light, W. J. Gerhard. 3 FM. Neolygus tiliae Knight Lygus {Neolygus) tiliae Knight {\9\lb, p. 613). Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.74; rather small, scarcely as large as invitus (Say). General color greenish yellow, with base of pronotum darker, and scutellum, clavus and corium dark fuscous to black. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. Female.—L e n g t h 5.00, width 2.00. Lighter colored than male and usually slightly larger; pronotum yellowish, scutel- lum and clavus only slightly darkened, apex of corium with a triangular dark patch, much resembling belfragii (Reuter) in this respect; similar in size and general appear- ance to inconspicuus Knight and clavigeni- talis Knight; distinguished from inconspi- cuus by having front of head more conic and scutellum darker; clavigenitalis differs from this species in being generally more brownish with a paler scutellum. Food Plant.—Linden {Tilia americana) . Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Vermont. Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and 53 females, taken June 8 to July 19, are from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Frank- fort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Kamps- ville, Monticello, Oregon, Urbana, Wauke- gan. Neolygus caryae Knight Lygus {Neolygus) caryae Knight {\9\lb, p. 615). Male.—Length 4.80-5.70, width 2.10. General color varying from dark brown or black to yellowish brown with more promi- nent dark areas on pronotum and apex of 162 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1 hemelytra. Paler brown forms suggest omnivagus Knight. Genital claspers distinc- tive, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.00-6.30, width 2.30; more robust than male, frequently with brownish yellow areas between the calli and over posterior part of disk. Specimens which are towards the pale end of the series with a more or less prominently banded effect represent the variety subfuscus Knight {\9nb, p. 616) ; they resemble om- nivagus in coloration. Specimens that show all ranges of color have been taken in Illi- nois, frequently both extremes and the inter- grades together on the same tree. Food Plants.—Hickory {Carya ovata) and pecan (C. illinoensis) . Also, single Illi- nois specimens were taken on locust {Robi- nia pseudoacacia), oak {Quercus sp.) and red cedar {Juniper us virginiana). There is no evidence that they fed on these hosts. Of recent years this species has been re- ported several times as causing "cat-facing" on peaches in New York and Ohio. The species may breed on nearby hickory trees and, when mature, fly to the peach trees where they puncture and feed upon the young fruits. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Texas. Illinois Records.—Sixty-two males and 58 females, taken May 15 to July 6, are from Antioch, Bluff Springs, Dubois, Eliza- bethtown, Fox Lake, Frankfort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Goreville, Grand Detour, Grayslake, Hardin, Har- vard, Havana, Kampsville, Manito, Mere- dosia, Oquawka, Rockford, Savanna, Sey- mour, Urbana, Waukegan, White Pines Poorest State Park, Zion. its large size and distinct black markings. General color pale yellowish, with two rays on pronotum; clavus, apical halves of poste- rior femora, and apices of corium and of embolium, black ; rostrum reaching only in- termediate coxae; genital claspers, fig. 164, distinctive. Female.—More robust than male, but not differing in coloration. Food Plants.—Sugar maple {Acer sac- charum), red maple {A. rubrum) and sil- ver maple {A. saccharinum) . Known Distribution.— C onnecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minne- sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- tario. In the original description Reuter gave Texas as the type locality for vitticollis, but Mr. W. L. McAtee examined the type in the Stockholm Museum in 1927 and re- ported that it was labeled "N. Y." Illinois Records.—Twenty-four males and 37 females, taken May 11 to July 1, are from Algonquin, Antioch, Carlinville, Mere- dosia, Mount Carmel, Normal, Oakwood, Oquawka, Savanna, Urbana, White Heath. Neolygus neglectus Knight Lygus {Neolygus) neglectus Knight (1917^, p. 619). Known from Alabama nortliward to Maine and westerly from Louisiana, Missis- sippi, Ohio. This species has not as yet been taken in Illinois, but it should be found here eventually. Feeds on American hornbeam {Carpinus caroliniana) . Neolygus johnsoni Knight Lygus {Neolygus) johnsoni Knight (1917^, p. 629). No Illinois specimens; known from New York, Ohio, Virginia. Feeds on hornbeam {Carpinus caroliniana) . Neolygus atrinotatus Knight Lygus {Neolygus) atrinotatus Knight (1917^, p. 617). Known from District of Columbia, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania; not yet col- lected in Illinois. Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter) Lygus vitticollis Reuter (1876, p. 71). Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.48; elon- gate, easily separated from other species by Neolygus belfragii (Reuter) Lygus belfragii Reuter (1876, p. 71). Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.30; elon- gate. General color green or greenish yel- low^; clavus brownish, tinged with fuscous and bronze ; apex of corium with a tri- angular fuscous or blackish patch, mem- brane with a median, longitudinal, fuscous area; genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.50-5.80; similar to male in coloration, but more robust. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or JVIiridae, of Illinois 163 Host Plants.—Breeds on Acer spicatum and J iburnurn acerifolitim. Known Distribution.—Illinois. Maine, Minnesota, New York, Ontario, Pennsyl- vania, Wisconsin. Illinois Record.—Dolson : July 18, 1934, Rocky Branch, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Neolygus clavigenitalis Knight Lygus {Neolygus) clavigenitalis Knight {\mb, p. 632)." Known from Connecticut, Maine, Mary- land, Massachusetts, Ohio, but not yet col- lected in Illinois. Has been collected on smooth alder {Alnus rugosa). Neolygus semivittatus Knight Ly^us (Neolygus) semivittatus Knight (1917;^, p. 626). Not yet taken in Illinois, but it should be found here eventually. Known from Ala- bama, Florida, Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia; feeds on white oak {Quercus alba). Neolygus omnivagus Knight Lygus (Neolygus) omnivagus Knight (1917^, p. 627). Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.20. Yellow- ish brown with apex of corium dark brown to fuscous; clavus dark brown or black; very much resembling forms of semivittatus Knight and quercalbae Knight; also similar in color to caryae subfuscus Knight, but genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.40, width 2.50. Usu- ally paler than male, more yellowish brown; never reddish, as in quercalbae, nor with fuscous marks on pronotum as in semivit- tatus or caryae subfuscus ; very similar to canadensis Knight, but that species has apical one-third of second antennal segment dis- tinctly black, fuscous spot on apex of the cor- ium smaller and embolium entirely without fuscous. Food Plants.—White oak {Quercus alba), red oak {Q. rubra), scarlet oak {Q. cQccinea) and probably other oaks; breeds occasionally on dogwood (Cornus sp.), chestnut {Castanea sp.) and arrow-wood ( Viburnum sp.). Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 25 females, taken June 4 to July 31, are from Dolson, Galena, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour, Keithsburg, Lilly, Marshall, McHenry, Monticello, Mount Carroll, Oregon, Rock- ford, St. Anne, Savanna, White Pines For- est State Park, Willow Springs. Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee) Lygus tenellus Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), not Hahn. Lygus hirticulus Van Duzee (1916^, p. 41). Male.—Length 4.80, width 2.28. General color dark ferrugino-testaceous, sometimes entirely dark fuscous or black, except for the legs and antennae; genital claspers dis- tinctive, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.30. Slight- ly larger and more robust than male. Uni- formly colored with yellowish brown or, in some cases, dark brown; hemelytra rarely much darker than pronotum; easily confused with fagi Knight, but membrane is uni- formly and faintly tinged with fuliginous color, never dark as in fagi. Food Plants.—Chestnut {Castanea sp.), sugar maple {Acer saccharum) , beech (Fagus sp.), ash {Fraxinus sp.), Cottonwood {Populus deltoides) and woodbine {Psedera sp.). Known Distribution.— Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont. Al- ways rare. Illinois Records. — It.linois: 1 $ ; July 9, 1892, 1 9 ; July 16, 1892, 1 9 Dubois: June 3. 1919, 1^. Frankfort: June 8, 1933, on Fraxinus sp., Mohr & Townsend, 3 S . Urbana: June 30, 1889, woods above lake, 1 i ; July 20, 1917, cottonwoods, 1 i ; July 27, 1917, Cottonwood grove, 1 9 • Willow Springs: July 8, 1906, W. J. Ger- hard, 1 9 , FM. Neolygus geminus new species This is closely allied to hirticulus (Van Duzee), as individuals of the two species are similar in size and coloration, but the males are readily distinguished by the structure of the genital claspers, fig. 164. 164 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 Male.—Length 4.80, width 2.20. Head width 0.91, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 1.81, almost attaining posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.58, pale; second, 1.98, pale to yellowish brown; third, 1.17, dusky yellow; fourth, 1.21, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.95, width at base 1.70. Color dusky brown, hemelytra slightly darker; cuneus pale, translucent; membrane pale to smoky, veins yellowish. Legs pale to yellowish ; femora tending to yellowish brown. Venter yellowish to brown, darker on sides; genital claspers dis- tinctive. Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. Head width 0.95, vertex 0.39; antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.60; second, 1.94; third, 1.17. Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base 1.77. Slightly more robust than male and more yellowish brown in color. Cannot at present be separated from female of hirticulus. Holotype, male. —Elizabethtown, 111.: May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier. Allotype, female.—Same data as for holotype. Paratypes.—Illinois.— Same data as for holotype, 4^, 1$. Golconda: June 22, 1932, on Trifolium pratense, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ . Neolygus nyssae Knight Lygus {Neolygus) nyssae Kniehr flQlSc, p. 43). Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.50; slightly more robust, but in general structure simi- lar to quercalbae Knight; pronotum and scutellum evenly shaded with rich brown; clavus and corium darker brown; genital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.60, width 2.57; very similar to male in size and coloration. Food Plant.—Sour gum {Nyssa sp.). Known Distribution.—Alabama, Con- necticut, Illinois, Mississippi, Ohio, Pennsyl- vania. Illinois Record.—Dixon Springs: June 24, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Neolygus canadensis Knight Lygus {Neolygus) canadensis Knight (1917^, p. 634). This species is allied to omnivagus Knight, but is more greenish yellow in color and has a distinct, dark spot on the corium. The only specimen seen from Illinois has a black ray behind each callus extending nearly to the hind margin of the pronotum and would, thus, be referable to the variety hino- tatus Knight (1917^, p. 635). Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.08. Second antennal segment, length 2.05, pale yellow- ish, apical one-third fuscous to black. Mar- gins of scutellum usually brownish; cuneus pale; legs greenish yellow; hind femora with two pale, fuscous annuli near apices; genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- tario, Wisconsin. Illinois Record.—Northern Illinois: July, 1 5 . Neolygus ostryae Knight Lygus {Neolygus) ostryae Knight (1917^', p. 635). Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.36. Head width 1.05, vertex 0.37. Rostrum, length 2.08, reaching posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.74; second, 2.25, yellowish, apex fuscous; third, 1.25, yellowish with apical half slightly in- fuscated; fourth, 0.71, infuscated. Prono- tum, length 1.00, width at base 1.85. Deep yellowish brown in color; embolium and basal half of corium pale yellowish; clavus and apical half of corium light brown to dark brown; cuneus almost colorless, tinged with yellowish. Genital claspers as in fig. 164. Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; simi- lar to male in coloration, but slightly larger and more robust. Host Plant.—Hop hornbeam {Ostrya virginiana). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- chusetts, New York, Ontario, Vermont. Illinois Record. — North Evanston: Aug. 20, 1905, Gerhard & Wolcott, 1 $ , fm. Neolygus carpini Knight Neolygus carpini Knight (1939rt, p. 21). Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Head width 0.99, vertex 0.35. Rostrum yellowish, apex brownish, length 1.90, extending slight- ly beyond hind margins of posterior coxae. Antennae with first segment pale, second pale with apical one-third black, third yel- lowish, fuscous apically, fourth fuscous. Pronotum yellowish green, tinged with brown, without definite streaks or vittae. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 165 Scutellum yellowish brown, scarcely darker at sides. Hemelytra translucent, yellowish, with clavus evenly shaded with brownish ; apical area of corium dark brown; cuneus uniformly translucent, scarcely tinged with yellow; membrane and veins rather uni- formly fuscous brown. Venter of body pale to yellowish, a fuscous band along lateral margins. Fuscous band also extending across pleura of thorax. Legs yellowish to brown; femora uniformly brownish, with- out bands, apices paler; tibiae pale yellowish, spines brown; tarsi brownish, apices fuscous. Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.16. More robust than male but very similar in color and pubescence. Host Pl.ant. — Hornbeam {Carpinus caroliniana) . Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota. Illinois Record. — Dolson : June 14, 1933, Frison iS: Ross, 1 $ . Dichrooscytus Fieber KEY TO SPECIES 1. Length less than 4.00 2 Length 4.80 or greater 3 2. Width of vertex greater than length of first antennal segment; hemelytra reddish; length 3.50-3.70 tinctipennis, p. 165 Vertex narrower, its width less than length of first antennal segment; dor- sum uniformly green; length 3.20- 3.40 viridicans, p. 165 3. Paracuneus pale to white; length of first antennal segment less than width of vertex; length 4.80-5.30. . . suspectus, p. 166 Paracuneus reddish; length of first an- tennal segment equal to or greater than width of vertex; length 5.50- 5.80 rufipennis, p. 166 Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight Dichrooscytus elegans Knight (1923^/, p. 597), not Uhler. Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight (1927^, p. 15). Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head width 0.83, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 1.18, scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.33, less than width of vertex ; second 1.36; third, 0.50; fourth, 0.42. Pronotum, length 0.64, width at base, 1.18. Body clothed with soft, brownish, simple pubes- cence ; on embolium and legs pubescence pale brown or yellowish. General coloration yel- lowish green, more distinctly green on pro- notum and tibiae ; corium, clavus, and inner apical half of cuneus, reddish; base and out- er margin of cuneus paler. Membrane uni- formly light fuscous, veins reddish; an opaque, white, callous mark bordering api- cal angle of larger areole. Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. Slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Host Plants.—Red cedar {Juniper us virginiana) and arbor vitae {Thuja Occi- dentalls) . Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Virginia. Illinois Records. — Cave-in-Rock: Oct. 2, 1934, Frison & Ross, 1^,3$. Muncie: Sept. 20, 1935, Frison & Mohr, 1 9 • Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight Dichrooscytus viridicans Knisjht (1918^/, p. 114). Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.25. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.26. Rostrum, length 0.95, just attaining posterior margins of hind Fig. 166.— Dichrooscytus viridicans, 9. 166 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1 coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.32; second, 1.22; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.38. Pro- notum, length 0.56, width at base 1.03, with black, conspicuous pubescence. General color bright green; head, coxae and femora often becoming pale to brownish; cuneus green, apical halves of margins reddish ; membrane fuscous, cell veins sometimes reddish. Female.—Fig. 166. Length 3.30, width 1.40; slightly more robust than male, but not differing in coloration. Host Plants.—Red cedar {Juniperus vlrfflniana) and arbor vitae {Thuja occiden- taiis ) . Kxowx Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, Ohio. Illinois Records. — Seventy-one males and 101 females, taken May 27 to Aug. 28, are from Antioch, Apple River Canyon State Park, Elizabethtown, Ernst, Freeport, Ga- '.ena, Golconda, Grandview, Grayville, Hillsboro, Kampsville, Keithsburg, Lake Villa, Monticello, Oquawka, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, White Pines Forest State Park. Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter (1909, p. 37). Not yet collected in Illinois, but should occur here. Known from Connecticut, Colo- rado, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York. Its host plants are pines {Pinus resinosa and P. virginiana) . Dichrooscytus rufipennis (Fallen) Lygaeus rufipennis Fallen (1807, p. 84). A European species known from New York; may have been imported with the Scotch pine (Pinus syhestris), on which it feeds. Not yet taken in Illinois. Polymerus Hahn KEY TO SPECIES 1. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, or slightly beyond 2 Rostrum not reaching hind coxae .... 4 2. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- gins of posterior coxae; dorsum black and pale brown; femora with apical halves fulvous, tibiae pale. . . nigropallidus, p. 167 Rostrum reaching slightly beyond posterior coxae; body yellowish brown, with darkened areas; cuneus usually red, rarely paler 3 3. Hemelytra mostly yellowish basalis var. basalis, p. 167 Hemelytra mostly very dark brown, almost black basalis var. fuscatus, p. 167 4. Rostrum reaching beyond anterior margins of middle coxae 5 Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- gin of mesosternum 6 5. Rostrum attaining hind margins of middle coxae; dorsum black, nar- row area at apex of cuneus and slen- der line on either side of fracture pale; tibiae uniformly black proximus, p. 168 Rostrum just attaining middle of in- termediate coxae; dorsum black and pale brown; tip of scutellum and basal angle of corium pale; cuneus yellowish, red and black unifasciatus var. lateralis, p. 167 6. Rostrum nearly attaining posterior margin of mesosternum 7 Rostrum not reaching beyond middle of mesosternum 8 7. Legs rather uniformly reddish yellow, but hind femora with a small group of fuscous points on anterior face at middle of apical half; cuneus with outer edge pale brown punctipes, p. 169 Tibiae black, femora black on apical half of dorsal aspect; cuneus uni- formly red orange illini, p. 168 8. Tibiae reddish yellow or with broad, pale areas 9 Tibiae black, rarely with some yellow- ish 12 9. Legs mostly red, with apical one-third of femora black; tibiae yellowish, with apices and variable basal area black; second antennal segment yellowish with apex very dark brown venustus, p. 170 Legs orange yellow or fulvous 10 10. Hemelytra uniformly black; length of second antennal segment equal to width of pronotum at posterior margin riubilipes, p. 170 Cuneus and embolium of hemelytra pale or fulvous 1 1 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 167 11. Pubescence on dorsum deep golden; tibiae without black spot at base . . . fulvipes, p. 170 Pubescence on dorsum silvery white; tibiae with black spot at base severini, p. 170 12. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- gins of front coxae 13 Rostrum reaching behind posterior margins of front coxae, or nearly to middle ot mesosternum 14 13. Hemelytra uniformly black; dorsum clothed with silvery, silky pubes- cence gerhardi, p. 171 Hemelvtra with embolium and edge of cuneus pale; dorsum clothed with golden, silky pubescence brevirostris, p. 170 14. Cuneus black; second antennal seg- ment of male as thick as first seg- ment; coxae yellow in both sexes; dorsum black with scutellum and hemelytra clothed chiefly with black pubescence opacus, p. 170 Cuneus yellowish or red 15 15. Embolium black; cuneus orange; coxae of male black, of female yel- low; dorsum clothed with silvery, silky pubescence, .venaticus, p. 169 Embolium pale brown to red 16 16. Femora deep red, only narrow band at apices black; tarsi black; embol- ium and cuneus deep red chrysopsis, p. 171 Femora deep yellow, apical one-third black, a pale fascia showing on anterior aspect; tarsi mostly yellow, with apical segment and claws black; embolium pale brown to yellow; cuneus orange flavocostatus, p. 168 Polymerus basalis (Reuter) Poeciloscytus basalis Reuter (1876, p. 73). Adults.—Length 3.70-4.80, width 1.70- 2.30. General color pale brown to yellowish, darkened with fuscous and black; hemelytra mostly yellowish, with clavus and apical half of corium chiefly fuscous ; scutellum black, variable area at apex not so dark; cuneus red; sometimes embolium and legs tinged with reddish; posterior femora with two subapical fuscous bands; dorsum clothed with silvery, silky pubescence that appears golden yellow in certain lights. A very dark form of this species, variety fuscatus Knight (1926/, p. 167), has not been taken in Illi- nois. Food Plants.—Dog fennel {Anthemis cotula) ; Illinois specimens were collected also on plantain {Plantago aristata), daisy {Chrysanthemum sp.), sunflower {Helian- thus sp.), oakiQuercus sp.), tickw'eed {Co- reopsis sp.) ; the oak record was certainly a "sitting" record. Known Distribution.—Common in the eastern United States. Illinois Records.—Two hundred ten males and 176 females, taken May 18 to Oct. 12, are from Albion, Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, Bloomington, Champaign, Chicago, Darwin, Delavan, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Elmira, Farmer City, Freeport, Galesburg, Grand Tower, Grayville, Herod, Karnak, Lawrenceville, M c H e n r y , Metropolis, Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Pax- ton, Rockton, Savanna, Seymour, Shawnee- town, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, West Union. Polymerus nigropallidus Knight Polymerus nigropallidus Knight (1923d', p. 599). Known only from New Jersey. Polymerus unifasciatus (Fabricius) Lygaeus unijascialus Fabricius (1794, p. 178)'. Male.—Length 5.60, width 2.60. Head width 1.04, vertex 0.47. Rostrum, length 1.56, reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.56; second, 2.08, black, wnth basal half dusky brown; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.78. Pronotum, length 1.04, width at base 1.86. Clothed with golden, sericeous, tomentose pubes- cence, intermixed with blackish hairs. Ground color black; apex of scutellum, basal angle of corium, anal ridge and area at inner angle of corium, apex of embolium and area of corium bordering cuneus, base and apex of cuneus, tibiae, apical one-third of front and middle femora, pale to testa- ceous; cuneus with inner half red, outer margin black except at base and apex ; membrane fuscous, veins and central area less dark; a small clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Female.—Length 5.20, width 2.65 ; very similar to male in color and pubescence. 168 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I All North American specimens of this species are referable to the variety lateralis Hahn (1834, p. 85). The typical unifascia- tus has the pale areas broader than does uni- fasciatus lateralis ; the embolium and corium of this variety are pale brown except for a small fuscous patch on the apical area of the corium. Food Plant.—Northern bedstraw {Ga- lium b oreale) . Known Distribution.—This is a Eu- ropean species, now known from Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, New York, North Da- kota, Nova Scotia, Quebec. Blatchley {\92(yb, p. 737) records this from Cham- paign, 111., June 14, at light, under the name Polymer us unifasciatus (Fabricius). Speci- mens of the typical form from North Amer- ica have not been seen by the writer. Polymerus flavocostatus Knight Polymerus flavocostatus Knight (1926/, p. 165). Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. Head width 1.06, vertex 0.54. Rostrum, length 1.11, extending slightly beyond anterior coxae, or to middle of mesosternum; first and second segments chiefly yellow. Anten- nae black, with third segment yellowish; first segment, length 0.51; second, 1.80; third, 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.02, width at base 1.70. Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.30. Head width 1.06, vertex 0.46. Antennae, first seg- ment, length 0.53; second, 1.86. Hemelytra colored as in female; coxae orange yellow, or dusky only at base, similar to female. Food Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago sp.). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota. Illinois Records. — Champaign: June 15, 1888, C. A. Hart, l^- Galesburg: June 18, 1893, 1 d, p. 604). Not taken in Illinois; known from Maine, Ontario, New York, Vermont. Feeds on aster {Aster umbellatus). Polymerus venustus Knight Polymerus venustus Knight (1923^, p. 605). Male.—Length 5.20, width 2.30. Head width 1.01, vertex 0.38; head black; a yel- low spot on either side of vertex bordering eye; lower margin of jugum and upper mar- gin of lorum red; clothed with sericeous, pale pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.14, scarcely exceeding posterior margins of front coxae, piceous, paler at joints. An- tennae, first segment, length 0.81, black, un- usually long and thick (0.15 thick) ; second, 2.06, cylindrical, thickness 0.07, yellowish, apical one-third black, pubescence same color as surface beneath; third, 1.02, slender, yellowish to fuscous, darker apically; fourth, 1.03, blackish. Pronotum, length 1.03, width 1.74; surface minutely granulate and trans- versely wrinkled; clothed with yellowish to golden, silky pubescence; black, lower pleural margin with a slender reddish area. Scutellum black, surface and pubescence as on pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellowish to reddish. Hemelytra with emboliar margins moder- ately arcuate ; black, opaque, surface rather irregularly roughened, somewhat scabricu- lous; clothed with golden and dusky seri- ceous pubescence. Membrane uniformly dark fuscous; area bordering apex of cuneus slightly paler, veins yellowish. Legs with coxae and basal half of femora deep, trans- lucent red ; lateral areas of coxae, with apex of front pair also, becoming fuscous; apical one-half to one-third of femora black, blackish cloud formed on anterior face of front pair near base ; tibiae yellowish to ful- vous, basal one-third and apices black; tarsi yellowish, apical half of third segment fus- cous. Venter black, clothed with sericeous, silvery pubescence ; genital segment with simple, dusky yellowish hairs. Female.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Em- boliar margins more strongly arcuate api- cally. More robust than male, but very simi- lar in coloration. First antennal segment as thick as that of male, but second segment slightly more slender. Habits.—Collected on willow {Salix sp.). Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- nois, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Golconda: June 22, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ , 1$. Pulaski: May 28, 1909, cypress swamp, 1 S . Polymerus brevirostris Knight Polymerus brevirostris Knight (1925, p. 246). Male.—Length 4.50, width 2.20. Head width 0.97, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 0.88, not reaching hind margins of front coxae, reddish to fuscous. Antennae, first segment, length 0.46, thickness 0.14, black; second, 1.74, thickness 0.11, cylindrical, slightly constricted near base, black; third, 0.71, orange yellow, fuscous apically; fourth, 0.93, fuscous, yellowish at base. Pronotum, length 0.96, width at base 1.80; basal mar- gin with a slender yellowish area; xyphus reddish. Body clothed with golden yellow, sericeous pubescence, silvery beneath, this pubescence intermixed with pale and fus- cous, simple hairs; femora with pale pu- bescence. General color black; embolium and usually slender outer margin of cuneus yellowish ; membrane black, veins yellowish. Legs orange to red ; tibiae, tarsi and apices September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 171 of femora black ; hind femora with indica- tion of a subapical, fuscous band on anter- ior aspect. Female.—Length 5.03, width 2.60. Very similar to male in pubescence and colora- tion. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Mani- toba, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Illinois Record.—Galesburg: June 28, 1893, U , 2 9 . Polymerus chrysopsis Knight Po/y merits chrvsopsis Knight (1925, p. 245). Male.—Length 5.70, width 3.60. Head width 1.17, vertex 0.48; head black, with a rounded, yellowish spot on either side of vertex near eye. Rostrum, length 1.24, reaching slightly beyond middle of mesoster- num ; blackish ; first and second segments more or less reddish. Antennae black, clothed with short, mixed pale and fuscous pubescence; first segment, length 0.45, thick- ness 0.14; second, length 2.06, cylindrical, thickness 0.12; third, length 0.66; fourth, length 0.63. Pronotum, length 1.17, width at base 2.06. Body clothed with silvery white pubescence intermixed with suberect, pale yellowish pubescence. General color black, moderately shining, with embolium and variable area at apex of corium and cuneus, blood red; coxae and femora red; apices of femora and tibiae black; trochan- ters and extreme bases of coxae sometimes fuscous; posterior femora often with a black patch on dorsal surface before black apex, also two small dots of black on ventral as- pect. Female.—Length 5.50, width 2.80. Very similar to male in pubescence and coloration. Antennae black, last two segments dark brownish. Host Plant.—Golden aster {Chrysopsis villosa) . This is the most beautiful species of Polymerus, the bright red of the embolium, cuneus and femora, standing in brilliant con- trast with the black body. Strange to say, the contrasting red and black colors make the insect difficult to see when it is on its host plant. When disturbed, the adult bug usually rushes to the base of a leaf petiole, where it clasps its legs about the reddish stem of the plant in such a way that the black body with its covering of silvery pu- bescence suggests, at first glance, a bud in the leaf axil of the golden aster. Many other mirids are so colored as to be simi- larly inconspicuous when they are on their normal host plants. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota. Illinois Record.—Aldridge: May 8, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Polymerus gerhardi Knight Polymerus gerhardi Knight {\923d, p. 606). Female.—Length 6.40, width 2.80. Head width 1.16, vertex 0.51; head black, vertex pale on either side; clothed with sericeous, white pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.08, not attaining hind margins of front coxae, pice- ous, basal segment and joints reddish. An- tennae, first segment, length 0.64, thickness 0.14, black; second, 2.03, thickness 0.09, cy- lindrical, black, with rather closely set, black pubescence; third, 0.96, fusco-brown- ish; fourth, 0.88, fuscous. Pronotum, length 1.24, width at base 2.14; black, scarcely shining, rather irregularly rugulose ; thickly clothed with sericeous, white pubescence; margins of xyphus, and narrow area along lower margins of pleura, yellowish. Scutel- lum black, pubescent as on pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peri- treme yellowish. Emboliar margins moder- ately arcuate. Hemelytra black, thickly clothed with sericeous, white pubescence in- termixed with m.ore erect, simple, black hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly very dark brown, slightly paler bordering apex of cuneus. Legs with femora deep red ; coxae tending toward yellowish or orange; tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi, black; tibiae unusually thick, 0.17; spines and pubescence also black. Venter black, thickly clothed with sericeous, white pubescence intermixed with more nearly erect, dark hairs. Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Anten- nae, first segment, length 0.52; second. 2.03, thickness 0.13; third, length 0.82; fourth, length 0.86. Smaller than female, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Known Distribution.—Described orig- inally from specimens from Lake County, Indiana, and Texas. Since being described, this species has also been collected in Illi- nois, Mississippi, Oklahoma. Illinois Records. — Ashley: Aug. 7, 1917, 1 Sta. Bui. 76, p. 10. Distant, W. L. 1880-93. Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera- Heteroptera 1. Biologia Centrali- Americana. London. xx-|-462 pp., 39 pis. Douglas, John W., and John Scott 1865. The British Hemiptera 1. Hemiptera- Heteroptera. London, xii+627 pp., 21 pis. 1871. British Hemiptera: additions and cor- rections. Entomologist's Monthlv Magazine 8(1 ) :23-9; (3j:60-3. 1875. British Hemiptera: additions and cor- rections. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 12(5):100-2. Emmons, Ebenezer 1854. Natural history of New York. Agri- culture 5, Insects. Albany. viii-|-272 pp., 3+47 pis. Lxp. Fabricius, Johann Christian 1794. Entomologia systematica 4. Hafniae. vi +472 pp. 1798. Supplementum entomologicae sys- tematicae. Hafniae. 2+572 pp. Fallen, Carl Friedrich 1807. Monographia Cimicum Sueciae. Hafniae. 123 pp. 1828—29. Hemiptera Sueciae. Cimicides earumque familiae affines. London. iv+ 1-16 pp., 1828; 17-186 pp.. 1829. Fieber, Franz Xavier 1859. Critirien zur generischen Theilung der Phytocoriden (Capsini aut.). Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 2(10j:289-327; (ll):329-47. 6 pis. 1860-61. Fauna Austriaca, die europaischen Hemiptera. Halbflugler (Rhynchota- Heteroptera). Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. Wien. 16+ 108 pp., 2 pis., 1860; 109-444, 1861. Fourcroy, Antoine Francois 1785. Entomologia Parisiensis. Paris. 2 vols. 544 pp. Fulton, B. B. 1918. Observations on the life-history and habits of Pilophorus walshii Uhler. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 11:93-6. Geoffrey, Etienne Louis 1785. New species described in Fourcrov 1785. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich 1790. Caroli a Linne systema naturae, thirteenth edition. Lipsiae. Tome 1, 4:2041-224. Goeze, Johann A. E. 1778. Entomologische Beitrage zu des Ritter Linne Zwolften Ausgabe des Natursystems 2. Leipzig. 72+352 pp. Hahn, C. W., and G. A. W. Herrich-Schaeffer 1831—53. Die Wanzenartigen Insecten. Niirnberg. Vols. l-3(p.32), 1831-35 by Hahn. Vols. 3(p. 33)-9, 1836-53 by Herrich-SchaeiTer. Heidemann, Otto 1892. Note on the food-plants of some Capsidae from the vicinity of Wash- ington, D. C. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 2:224-6. 1905. A list of Capsids from the state of New York, with the description of a new species. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 13(l):48-50. Hottes, Frederick C, and TJieodore H. Frison 1931. The plant lice, or Aphiidae, of Illi- nois. 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bui. 19(3j:121-447. 10 pis. [218] September. 1941 KxiGur: Plant Hues, or Miridae, of Illinois 219 Hussey, R. F. 1924. A change of name (Hemiptera, Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 19(5):165. Jakovlev, B. 1880. Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Russia and adjacent countries (translated from Russian title). Russkoe ento- molouicheskoe obshchestvo 'Irudv 11:200-20. Johnston, Horace G. 1930. Four new species of Miridae from Texas. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 25(5) -.295-300. 1935. Five new species of Miridae. Brook- lyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 30(1) -.15-8. Kirschbaum, C. L. 1855. Rhynchotographische Beitriige. Die Rhynchoten der Gegend von Wies- baden. Erstes Heft, die Capsinen. Jahrbiicher des Vereins fur Natur- kunde in Herzogthum Nassau 10: 161-348. .-llso separate, Wiesbaden, 189 pp. Knight, Harry H. 1915. Observations on the oviposition of certain Capsids. lour. Econ. Ent. 8(2):293-8. 1916rt. Remarks on Ly^ns invilns Say, with descriptions of a new species and variety of Lygus. (Hemiptera, Miridae.) Can. Ent. 48(10) :345-9. 1916^. Paracalocoris hawleyi n. sp., and var. ancora n. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 9(4): 377-8. 1917rt. New and noteworthy forms ol North American Miridae (Hemiptera). Ent. News 28(l):3-8. V>\lh. A revision of the genus Lygus as it occurs in America north of Mexico, with biological data on the species from New York. N. Y. (Cornell) Ag. Exp. Sta. Bui. 391:555-645. 1 pi. 1917f. Notes on species of Miridae inhabit- ing ash trees (Fraxinus) with the descriptions of new species (Hemip- tera). Brookhn E.nt. Soc. Bui. 12(41:80-2. 1917^. New species of l.opidea (Miridae, Hemiptera). Ent. News 28(10): 455-61. 1918rt. Synoptic key to the subfamilies of Miridae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). N. Y. Ent. Soc. lour. 26(l):40-4. 1 Pl- 1918/!'. Old and new species of Lopidea from the United States (Hemiptera, Mi- ridae). Ent. News 29(6) :210-6. 1 pl. 1918f. Additional data on the distribution and food plants of Ly^us with descrip- tions of a new species and variety 'Hemiptera, Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 13(2):42-5. 1918//. Interesting new species of Miridae from the United States, with a note on Orlhocephalus mnlabilis (Fallen) (Hemiptera, Miridae). BrookU n Ent. Soc. Bui. 13(5):lll-6. 1920. New and little-known species of Phy- locoris from the eastern L'nited States (Heteroptera, Mi ridiae). Brook- lyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 15(2-31:49-66. 1 pi. 1921. Monograph of the North American species of Deiytencoris (Heteroptera, Miridae). Minn. State Ent. 18th Rep. 1920:76-210, pis. 8-9, figs. 2-44. \922a. Nearctic records for species of Miridae known heretofore only from the Palaearctic region (Heteroptera). Can. Ent. 53(12 ):280-8. 1922/'. The North American species of Labops (Heteroptera, Miridae). Can. Ent. 54(11 ):258-61. 1923rt. A new Peritrupis from the eastern United States (Heteroptera, Miridae). Ent. News 34(2):50-2. 1923/-'. A new species of Labopidea on garlic (Heteroptera, Miridae). Brookhn Ent. Soc. Bui. 18(1 ):31. 1923f. A fourth paper on the species of Lopidea (Heteroptera, Miridae). Ent. News 34(3):65-72. 2 pis. 1923^/. The Miridae (or Capsidae) of Con- necticut. In Bui. 34, Conn. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv., pp. 422-658, figs. 47-149. 1925. Descriptions of twelve new species of Po/vwi';7<5 (Hemiptera, Miridae). Can. Ent. 57(10):244-53. 1926rt. Descriptions of four new species of Pla^iopiathns from the eastern United States (Hemiptera, Miridae). Ent. News 37(1):9-12. 1926/'. A new Rhinacloa and three new species of Lepidopsallus (Hemiptera, Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 20(5):225-8. (Dated 1925.) 1926r'. Capsiis simulans (Stall and Labops burmeisteri Stal recognized from the Nearctic region. Can. Ent. 58(3): 59-60. 1926lus modestus, 97, 104 incisus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113 inconspicuus, Lygus, 161 inconspicuus, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161 incurva, Lopidea, 85^, 86, 87, 88 incurvus, Pycnoderes, 60 intuscatus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 insignis, Capsus, 135 insignis, Mimoceps, 12, 125 gracilis, 126 insignis, Platytylellus, 133, 135 traterculus, 136 insignis, Sixeonotus, 21, 59 insitivus, Capsus, 133 insitivus, Platytylellus, 21, 133 angusticollis, 132, 134 insitivus, 132 instabilis, Lomatopleura, 91 instabilis, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 91 intermedius, Halticus, 21, 77 invitus, Capsus, 157 invitus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 irrorata, Reuteria, 93, 94, 95 irroratus, Capsus, 93 jessiae, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 johnsoni, Lygus, 162 johnsoni, Neolygus, 4, 156, 158, 162 juniperi, Parthenicus, 76 juniperi, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 juniperi, Psallus, 76 iunipericola, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 knighti, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102, 105 Labopidea, 82, 105 ainsliei, 105 allii, 4, 14, 105 planitrons, 105 Labopini, 19, 74, 81 Labops, 81 hirtus, 19, 21, 81 lacunosus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 197 laetus, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 Largidea, 63 davisi, 19, 63 grossa, 23, 63 Largideini, 20, 63 laricicola, Deraeocoris, 5, 68, 72, 73 laricicola, Plagiognathus, 5, 27, 39 lasiomerus, Phytocoris, 21, 184, 185 lateralis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 lateralis, Polymerus unifasciatus, 166, 168 lathyrae, Lopidea, 91 lathyri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 91 Lepidopsallus, 22, 46 claricornis, 46, 47 miniatus, 47, 48 minusculus, 47 nyssae, 1 1, 47, 48 rostratus, 46, 47 rubidus, 47 atricolor, 47 rubidus, 47 Leucopoecila, 24, 50 albotasciata, 50 limbatellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 limbus, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 lineatus, Lygaeus, 172 lineatus, Poecilocapsus, 13, 172 lineolatus, Adelphocoris, 4, 15, 174, 175 lineolatus, Cimex, 175 Lomatopleura instabilis, 91 longirostris, Microphvlellus, 41, 42 Lopidea, 17, 81, 84 amorphae, 85, 86, 87, 90 caesar, 91 confluenta, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91 cuneata, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 davisi, 4, 14, 85, 86, 87, 88 incurva, 85, 86, 87, 88 instabilis, 84, 85, 86, 91 heidemanni, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90 lathvrae, 91 lathvri, 85, 86, 87, 91 media, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89 minor, 85, 86, 87, 88 reuteri, 85, 86, 90, 91 robiniae, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90 salicis, 85, 86, 88, 89 staphyleae, 4, 84, 85, 86, 90 sanguinea, 90 Lopus, 24, 51 decolor, 21, 51 lucidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 lurida, Lygidea rubecula, 147 luridula, Eurychilopterella, 21, 73, 74 luridus, Plat\lygus, 147 228 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 luteolus, Phytocoris, 201, 204, 209 lutescens, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 111 luteus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 Lygaeus binotatus, 175 lineatus, 172 pulicarius, 26 rufipennis, 166 unifasciatus, 167 Lvgidea, 137, 145 mendax, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 obscura, 145 rosacea, 145 rubecula, 145 lurida, 147 obscura, 145 rosacea, 145 salicis, 145, 146 viburni, 145 Lvgus, 17, 137, 148 alni, 157 apicalis, 148, 149, 154 atrinotatus, 162 atritibialis, 148, 149, 152 atritylus, 157 belfragii, 162 brunneus, 61 campestris, 4, 148, 149, 154 canadensis, 164 Carolinae, 154 caryae, 161 clavigenitalis, 163 communis, 159 dorsalis, 100 elisus, 15, 148, 149, 152 Hesperus, 151 fagi, 161 frisoni, 148, 151 geneseensis, 159 Hesperus, 15, 148, 149, 151, 152 Hirticulus, 163 inconspicuus, 161 joHnsoni, 162 neglectus, 162 nvssae, 164 obHneatus, 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, 131, 148, 149, 151, 153 strigulatus, 149 omnivagus, 163 ostrvae, 164 pabuHnus, 4, 148, 149, 153 plagiatus, 4, 148, 149, 153 pratensis, 148, 149 eHsus, 152 quercalbae, 160 rubicundus, 4, 148, 149, 153 semivittatus, 163 tenellus, 163 tiHae, 161 univittatus, 160 vanduzeei, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 viburni, 159 vitticollis, 162 MacrolopHus, 53, 55 brevicornis, 55 separatus, 21, 53, 55, 56 tenuicornis, 23, 55, 56 Macrotylus, 22, 51 amoenus, 23, 51 sexguttatus, 21, 51 maculipennis, Microphylellus, 41 fuscicornis, 40, 41 maculipennis, 40 maerkelii, Pithanus, 19, 125 magnicornis, Atractotomus, 24 Malacocoris provancheri, 92 malina, llnacora, 21, 83 maHna, Sthenarops, 83 malinus, Heterocordylus, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21, 107 marginaHs, Horcias dislocatus, 173 marginata, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 Mecomma, 82, 95 gilvipes, 82, 95 media, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89 medius, Capsus, 89 medius, Pycnoderes, 60 Megacoelum fasciatum, 109 grossum, 66 Megaloceroea, 125 recticornis, 125 meilleurii, Collaria, 126 MelanotricHus, 82, 95 althaeae, 14, 15, 95, 96 catulus, 96, 97 flavosparsus, 96 Melinna modesta, 111 pumila, 112 mendax, Lygidea, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 Mesomiris, 125, 131 curtulus, 131 Microphylellus, 25, 40 elongatus, 41, 42 longirostris, 41, 42 maculipennis, 41 fuscicornis, 40, 41 maculipennis, 40 modestus, 21, 24, 41, 42 nigricornis, 40, 41 tsugae, 41, 42 tumidifrons, 41, 42 Microsynamma, 24, 42 boHemanni, 21, 24, 42 militare, Hadronema, 82, 84 mimetica, Coquillettia, 21 Mimoceps, 125 insignis, 12, 125 gracilis, 126 miniatus, Lepidopsallus, 47, 48 minimus, DicypHus, 53, 54 minor, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88 minusculus, Lepidopsallus, 47 minutulus, PHvtocoris, 185, 187, 188 Mirinae, 12, 17, 18, 20, 23, 124 Miris, 125, 127 cHrysantHemi, 31 dolabratus, 12, 15, 23, 127 aurantiacus, 127 ferrugatus, 127 vicinus, 130 modesta, Melinna, 111 modestus, BotHynotus, 23, 64 modestus, Ceratocapsus, 21, 108, 110, 111 modestus, MicropHylellus, 21, 24, 41, 42 modestus, Neobothynotus, 64 modestus, OrtHotylus, 99, 104 immaculatus, 97, 104 modestus, 98 mohri, Strongylocoris, 78, 81 Monalocoris, 22, 58 filicis, 19, 23, 58 morrisoni, Psallus, 43, 45 multisignatus, Paracalocoris, 176, 180 mundus, PHytocoris, 199, 200, 201 mutabilis, Orthocephalus, 81 September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 229 Myrmecorini, 131, 209 nasutus, Amblytylus, 51 nebulosus, Camptobrochis, 67 nebulosus, Deraeocoris, 4, 21, 67, 68 necopinus, Eustictus, 65, 66 necopinus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 neglectus, Lygus, 162 neglectus, Neolygus, 154, 158, 162 neglectus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 105 neglectus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 neglectus, Xenoborus, 144 negundinis, Plagiognathus, 27, 33 fulvotinctus, 33 Xeoborus, 17, 136, 139 amoenus, 4, 13, 140, 141 amoenus, 139 atriscutis, 140 palmeri, 141 scutellaris, 139, 140 signatus, 140 canadensis, 140, 141, 143 geminus, 139, 140 glaber, 139, 140 palmeri, 139, 141 populi, 140, 142 pubescens, 140, 141, 142 rufusculus, 140, 143 tricolor, 140, 143 vittiscutis, 140, 142 Neobothynotus modestus, 64 Neocapsus, 137, 147 cuneatus, 147 Neolvgus, 17, 137, 154 alni, 154, 157, 158 atrinotatus, 156, 158, 162 atritvlus, 155, 157, 158 belfragii, 155, 158, 161, 162 canadensis, 158, 163, 164 binotatus, 156, 164 canadensis, 155, 156 carpini, 155, 158, 164 caryae, 15, 158, 161 caryae, 156 subfuscus, 156, 162, 163 clavigenitalis, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163 communis, 3, 4, 13, 156, 157, 158, 159 novascotiensis, 14, 160 fagi, 155, 158, 161, 163 geminus, 155, 158, 163 geneseensis, 156, 158, 159 hirticulus, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164 inconspicuus, 155, 158, 161 invitus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 iohnsoni, 4, 156, 158, 162 neglectus, 154, 158, 162 nvssae, 155, 158, 164 omnivagus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164 ostrvae, 156, 158, 164 quercalbae, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 semivittatus, 156, 158, 160, 163 tiliae, 155, 156, 158, 161 tinctus, 155, 157, 158 univittatus, 156, 158, 160 viburni, 155, 158, 159 vitticoUis, 157, 158, 162 Neurocolpus, 17, 137, 181 jessiae, 182, 183 nubilus, 181, 182 rubidus, 182, 183 tiliae, 181, 182 nigellus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 nigrellus, Parthenicus, 76, 77 nigriclavus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 nigricollis, Platytylellus, 132, 133 nigricollis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197 nigricollis, Resthenia, 133 nigricornis, Microphylellus, 40, 41 nigritulus, Deraeocoris, 68, 72, 73 nigritus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 nigritus, Plagiognathus, 27, 34 nigritus, Polymerus, 168 nigrocephalus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 111 nigrofemoratus, Plagiognathus annulatus, 27, 34 nigrolineatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 nigronitens, Plagiognathus, 27, 30 nigropallidus, Polymerus, 166, 167 nigroscutellatus, Platytylellus, 132, 134 nitenatus, Deraeocoris, 4, 68, 70, 71, 72 nitens, Camptobrochis, 72 noctuans, Sericophanes, 116 Noctuocoris, 82, 105 fumidus, 105 norvegicus, Calocoris, 137 notabilis, Orthotylus, 97, 98, 100 notatus, Dicyphus, 53 novascotiensis, Neolygus communis, 14, 160 nubilipes, Polymerus, 166, 170 nubilus, Capsus, 182 nubilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 7, 23, 67, 68, 69 nubilus, Neurocolpus, 181, 182 nubilus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 nubilus, Plagiognathus blatchleyi, 27, 36 nyctalis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 nyssae, Lepidopsallus, 11, 47, 48 nyssae, Lygus, 164 nyssae, Neolygus, 155, 158, 164 oblineatus, Capsus, 148 oblineatus, Lygus, 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, 131, 148 149, 151, 153 strigulatus, 149 obliquus, Orectoderus, 21, 23, 24, 52 obscura, Lygidea, 145 obscura, Lygidea rubecula, 145 obscurus, Plagiognathus, 32 albocuneatus, 28, 33 fraternus, 26, 33, 44 obscurus, 26 obtectus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 199 ocellatus, Sericophanes, 116 oculata, Collaria, 126, 127 oculatus, Trachelomiris, 127 olseni, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 omnivagus, Lygus, 163 omnivagus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163^, 164 onustus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195 opacus, Polymerus, 167, 170 Opistheuria, 131 clandestina, 131 dorsalis, 131 ventralis, 131 Orectoderus, 22, 52 amoenus, 52 obliquus, 21, 23, 24, 52 ornatus, Deraeocoris, 67, 68 ornatus, Episcopus, 48 ornatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 ornatus, Reuteroscopus, 21, 48 Orthocephalus, 75, 81 mutabiiis, 81 Orthotylinae, 17, IS, 19, 20, 74 230 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 Orthotvlini, 75, 81 Orthotylus, 17, 82,97 althaeae, 96 basicornis, 97, 99, 102, 105 candidatus, 98, 99, 102 catulus, 97 chlorionis, 97, 98, 99, 100 delicatus, 96 dorsalis, 98, 99, 100, 105 flavosparsus, 21 tuscicornis, 102 knighti, 98, 99, 102, 105 lateralis, 98, 99, 104 modestus, 99, 104 immaculatus, 97, 104 modestus, 98 necopinus, 98, 99, 103 nedectus, 98, 99, 105 notabilis, 97, 98, 100 nvctalis, 98, 99, 104 ornatus, 98, 99, 103 ramus, 97, 99, 100 robiniae, 97, 99, 100, 101 rossi, 97, 99, 102 serus, 98, 99, 102 submarginatus, 98, 99, 103 taxodii, 7, 97, 99, 101 ulmi, 97, 100 viridis, 97, 99, 101, 102 ostryae, Lygus, 164 ostryae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 164 pabulinus, Cimex, 153 pabulinus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 pallens, Deraeocoris quercicola, 70, 71 pallidicornis, Phytocoris, 184, 185 pallidicornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 30 pallidicornis, Plagiognathus politus, 30 pallidulus, Paracalocoris, 3, 178 albigulus, 176, 178 pallidulus, 176 pallidulus, Paracalocoris hawleyi, 178 pallipes, Horcias dislocatus, 173 pallipes, Strongylocoris, 78, 79, 80 palmeri, Neoborus, 139, 141 palmeri, Neoborus amoenus, 141 paludum, Teratocoris, 128 Pamillia, 107, 108 davisi, 108 par, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 Paracalocoris, 17, 137, 176 castus, 176, 178 celtidis, 176, 179 colon, 3, 177, 180 castus, 178 evonvmi, 176, 178 gleditsiae, 176, 179, 180 hawleyi, 4, 15, 176, 178 pallidulus, 178 limbus, 176, 178 multisignatus, 176, 180 pallidulus, 3, 178 albigulus, 176, 178 pallidulus, 176 salicis, 176, 177 scrupeus, 176, 177 ardens, 177 bidens, 177 compar, 177 cunealis, 177 delta, 177 lucidus, 177 nubilus, 177 par, 177 percursus, 177 rubidus, 177 sordidus, 177 triops, 177 varius, 177 trivittatus, 178 trivittis, 176, 178 Paraxenetus, 209 guttulatus, 209 parshleyi, Psallus, 43, 44 fuscatus, 44 Parthenicus, 75, 76 juniperi, 76 nigrellus, 76, 77 taxodii, 7, 76 vaccini, 21 pellucida, Diaphnidia, 19, 91, 92 penipecten, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 199 percursus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 Peritropis, 4, 15, 61, 62 husseyi, 62 saldaeformis, 62, 63 saldiformis, 62 perplexus, Pilophorus, 4, 120, 121 pettiti, Tropidosteptes, 145 pettiti, Xenoborus, 144, 145 Phylinae, 17, 18, 20, 22 Phytocoris, 4, 17, 137, 184 albifacies, 185, 186 angustifrons, 200, 201 angustulus, 191, 193, 195, 197 antennalis, 184, 185 arundinicola, 191, 192, 195, 198 bohemanni, 42 brevifurcatus, 191, 192, 194, 195 breviusculus, 184, 190 buenoi, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 canadensis, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196 caryae, 202, 204, 207 confluens, 201, 204, 205 conspersipes, 200, 201 conspurcatus, 184, 185, 188, 189 corticevivens, 185, 186, 189 cortitectus, 191, 193, 195, 196 davisi, 185, 187 depictus, 202, 204, 208 diversus, 7, 200 erectus, 9, 191, 192, 195, 199 exemplus, 199, 200, 201 eximius, 189, 193, 194 flavosparsus, 96 fulvus, 199, 200, 201 fumatus, 185, 188, 189, 190 husseyi, 191, 192, 195, 199 infuscatus, 202, 204 iunipericola, 199, 200, 201 lacunosus, 191, 193, 195, 197 lasiomerus, 21, 184, 185 luteolus, 201, 204, 209 minutulus, 185, 187, 188 mundus, 199, 200, 201 neglectus, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 nigricolHs, 191, 192, 195, 197 obtectus, 191, 193, 195, 199 olseni, 202, 204, 205 onustus, 191, 192, 194, 195 . pallidicornis, 184, 185 penipecten, 191, 192, 195, 199 pinicola, 200, 201 puella, 202, 204, 207, 208 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 231 confluens, 205 purvus, 185, 187 quercicola, 184, 188, 201, 202, 204 rubellus, 202, 204 rubicundus, 153 rufus, 203 salicis, 191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198 schotti, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 spicatus, 191, 192, 195, 196 sulcatus, 185, 189, 190 taxodii, 7, 201, 203, 204 tibialis, 202, 204, 205 tuberculatus, 185, 187, 189 uniformis, 199, 200, 201 venustus, 202, 204, 206 vittatus, 185, 190 piceicola, Psallus, 43, 44 Pilophorini, 74, 118 Pilophorus, 15, 118, 119 amoenus, 120, 122 brunneus, 120, 123 clavatus, 120, 124 geminus, 120, 122 gracilis, 119 iuniperi, 120, 121, 123 laetus, 120, 121, 123 perplexus, 4, 120, 121 setiger, 120, 124 strobicola, 7, 120, 122 taxodii, 7, 120, 121 uhleri, 5, 7, 120, 122 vanduzeei, 120, 122 walshii, 120, 123 pilosulus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 pilosus, Ceratocapsus, 109 pinicola, Deraeocoris, 4, 6, 21, 68, 72, 73 pinicola, Phvtocoris, 200, 201 Pithanus, 124, 125 maerkelii, 19, 125 plagiatus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 plagifer, Tropidosteptes, 144 plagifer, Xenoborus, 144 Plagiognathus, 25, 26 albatus, 36, 37 albatus, 28 similis, 37 vittiscutis, 29, 37, 38 albifacies, 23, 27, 35 albonotatus, 31, 32 albonotatus, 28 compar, 29, 31 tinctus, 31 alboradialis, 28, 31 annulatus, 3>3), 34 annulatus, 27 cuneatus, 34 nigrotemoratus, 27, 34 atricornis, 28, 35 blatchleyi, 24, 35 blatchleyi, 27 nubilus, 27, 36 brevirostris, 27, 28, 33 caryae, 29, 38 chrvsanthemi, 28, 31, 35 cornicola, 27, 29, 38 cuneatus, 26, 27, 34 davisi, 28, 38 delicatus, 29, 36, 37 dispar, 39 crataegi, 28, 40 dispar, 28 flavicornis, 28, 30, 31 flavoscutellatus, 26, 32 fulvidus, 27, 37 gleditsiae, U, 26, 27, 37 guttulosus, 28, 40 laricicola, 5, 27, 39 negundinis, 27, 33 tulvotinctus, 33 nigritus, 27, 34 nigrolineatus, 26, 34 nigronitens, 27, 30 obscurus, 32 albocuneatus, 28, Zi fraternus, 26, 33, 44 obscurus, 26 pallidicornis, 28, 30 politus, 29, 30, 31 flaveolus, 26, 29 pallidicornis, 30 politus, 27 punctatipes, 28, 39 dispar, 39 repetitus, 27, 40 repletus, 38 apicatus, 29, 38 repletus, 29 rosicola, 28, 36 salicicola, 36 depallens, 29, 36 salicicola, 29 sericeus, 26, 34 similis, 29, 37 suffuscipennis, 28, 40 syrticolae, 6, 28, 31 tiliae, 34 tinctus, 31 debilis, 28,32 tinctus, 28 viridulus, 31 planitrons, Labopidea, 105 platani, Reuteria, 92, 95 Platylygus, 137, 147 luridus, 147 Platytylellus, 131, 132 borealis, 132, 136 circumcinctus, 132, 135 contraternus, 134 fraterculus, 133, 136 fraternus, 131, 134 discifer, 132, 135 fraternus, 132 regalis, 132, 135 rubromarginatus, 132, 135 insignis, 133, 135 fraterculus, 136 insitivus, 21, 133 angusticoUis, 132, 134 insitivus, 132 nigricollis, 132, 133 nigroscutellatus, 132, 134 rubellicollis, 132, 136 rubrovittatus, 132, 133 zonatus, 132, 133 Poecilocapsus, 137, 172 lineatus, 13, 172 Poeciloscytus basalis, 167 venaticus, 169 poecilus, Camptobrochis, 67 poecilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 67, 68 politus, Plagiognathus, 29, 30, 31 flaveolus, 26, 29 pallidicornis, 30 politus, 27 232 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Jol. 22, Art. 1 pollicaris, Reuteria, 93, 95 Polymerus, 17, 137, 166 basalis, 167 basalis, 166 fuscatus, 166, 167 brevirostris, 167, 170 chrysopsis, 167, 171 flavocostatus, 167, 168 tulvipes, 167, 170 uerhardi, 167, 171 niini, 166, 168 nigritus, 168 nigropallidus, 166, 167 nubilipes, 166, 170 opacus, 167, 170 proximus, 166, 168 punctipes, 166, 168, 169 severini, 167, 170 unifasciatus, 167 lateralis, 166, 168 venaticus, 167, 169 venustus, 166, 170 populi, Neoborus, 140, 142 pratensis, Lygus, 148, 149 elisus, 152 provancheri, Diaphnidia, 91, 92 provancheri, Malacocoris, 92 jToximus, Polvmerus, 166, 168 Psallus, 24, 25, 43 albatus, 36 alnicenatus, 43, 44 alnicola, 43, 44 amorphae, 43, 44 ancorifer, 21, 44, 46 astericola, 43, 45 bakeri, 43, 45 delicatus, 37, 96 drakei, 44, 46 tuscatus, 43, 44 guttulosus, 40 juniperi, 76 morrisoni, 43, 45 parshleyi, 43, 44 fuscatus, 44 piceicola, 43, 44 seriatus, 4, 13, 43, 45 sericeus, 34 strobicola, 43, 45 sulphureus, 49 Pseudoxenetus, 118 regalis, 118, 119 scutellatus, 118, 119 pubescens, Neoborus, 140, 141, 142 puella, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 207, 208 confluens, 205 pulcher, Trigonotylus, 129 pulicarius, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 pulicarius, Lygaeus, 26 pumila, Melinna, 112 pumilus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116 punctatipes, Plagiognathus, 28, 39 dispar, 39 punctipes, Polymerus, 166, 168, 169 purvus, Phytocoris, 185, 187 Pycnoderes, 22, 58, 60 convexicollis, 60 dilatatus, 21, 60, 61 drakei, 60, 61 incurvus, 60 medius, 60 quadrimaculatus, 60 quadrimaculatus, Pycnoderes, 60 quadrispiculus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 114 quercalbae, Lygus, 160 quercalbae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 querci, Reuteria, 93, 95 quercicola, Deraeocoris, 68, 71, 72 pallens, 70, 71 quercicola, 70 quercicola, Phytocoris, 184, 188, 201, 202, 204 ramus, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100 rapidus, Adelphocoris, 15, 174 rapidus, Capsus, 174 recticornis, Megaloceroea, 125 regalis, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 135 regalis, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 regalis, Xenetus, 119 repetitus, Plagiognathus, 27, 40 repletus, Plagiognathus, 38 apicatus, 29, 38 repletus, 29 residuus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 Resthenia nigricollis, 133 rubrovittata, 133 Resthenini, 131 reuteri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 90, 91 Reuteria, 82, 92 bifurcata, 93, 94 fuscicornis, 93, 94 irrorata, 93, 94, 95 platani, 92, 95 pollicaris, 93, 95 querci, 93, 95 Reuteroscopus, 24, 48 ornatus, 21, 48 sulphureus, 12, 48, 49 Rhinacloa, 22, 50 citri, 77 forticornis, 24, 50 Rhinocapsus, 25, 40 vanduzeei, 21, 24, 40 robiniae, Capsus, 89 robiniae, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90 robiniae, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100, 101 rosacea, Lygidea, 145 rosacea, Lygidea rubecula, 145 rosicola, Plagiognathus, 28, 36 rossi, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 102 rostratus, Lepidopsallus, 46, 47 rubecula, Lygidea, 145 lurida, 147 obscura, 145 rosacea, 145 rubellicoilis, Platytylellus, 132, 136 rubellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 rubellus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 ruber, Deraeocoris, 21 rubicundus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 rubicundus, Phytocoris, 153 rubidus, Lepidopsallus, 47 atricolor, 47 rubidus, 47 rubidus, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 rubidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 rubidus, Sthenarus, 47 rubricornis, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 rubromarginatus, Platvtvlellus fraternus, 132. 135 rubrov'ittata, Resthenia, 133 rubrovittatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133 ruficornis, Cimex, 130 ruficornis, Trigonotylus, 129, 130 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Mirioae. of Illinois 233 rufipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 rufipennis, Lygaeus, 166 rufus, Phytocoris, 203 rufusculus, Neoborus, 140, 143 saldaeformis, Peritropis, 62, 63 saldiformis, Peritropis, 62 salicicola, Eustictus, 65 salicicola, Plagiognathus, 36 depallens, 29, 36 salicicola, 29 salicis, Lopidea, 85, 86, 88, 89 salicis, Lygidea, 145, 146 salicis, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 salicis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 156, 197, 198 saliens, Criocoris, 21, 49 saliens, Strongylotes, 49 sanguinareus, Coccobaphes, 138 sanguinea, Lopidea staphyleae, 90 sayi, Deraeocoris, 68, 73 costalis, 73 frontalis, 73 marginata, 73 sayir73 unicolor, 73 sayi, Euarmosus, 73 schotti, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 scrupeus, Capsus, 177 scrupeus, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 ardens, 177 bidens, 177 compar, 177 cunealis, 177 delta, 177 lucidus, 177 nubilus, 177 par, 177 percursus, 177 rubidus, 177 sordidus, 177 triops, 177 varius, 177 scutatus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 scutellaris, Neoborus amoenus, 139, 140 scutellatus, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 scutellatus, Xenetus, 118 semiflavus, Capsus ater, 138 Semiini, 74, 75 Semium, 19,75 hirtum, 19, 75 semivittatus, Lygus, 163 semivittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163 separatus, Dicyphus, 55 separatus, Macrolophus, 21, •^i, 55, 56 seriatus, Atomoscelis, 45 seriatus, Psallus, 4, 13, 43, 45 sericeus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 sericeus, Psallus, 34 Sericophanes, 15, 17, 116 heidemanni, 15, 116 noctuans, 116 ocellatus, 116 sericus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 113 serus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102 setiger, Pilophorus, 120, 124 setosus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 115 severini, Polymerus, 167, 170 sexguttatus, Atnblytylus, 51 sexguttatus, Macrotjlus, 21, 51 signatus, Agalliastes, 45 signatus, Neoborus amoenus, 140 silvestri, Fiebrigiella, 209 siniilis, Plagiognathus, 29, 37 similis, Plagiognathus albatus, 37 simulans, Capsus, 138 simulans, Deraeocoris, 138 Sixeonotus, 22, 58, 59 areolatus, 59, 60 insignis, 21, 59 unicolor, 59 sordidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 spicatus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 196 squamosa, Alepidia gracilis, 119 stalii, llnacora, 12, 8'^2, 83,84 staphyleae, Lopidea, 4, 84, 85, 86, 90 sanguinea, 50 Stenodema, 125, 130 trispinosum, 4, 21, 130 vicinum, 4, 130 Stenotus, 137, 175 binotatus, 175 Sthenarops malina, 83 Sthenarus rubidus, 47 strigulatus, Lygus oblineatus, 149 strobicola, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 122 strobicola, Psallus, 43, 45 Strongylocoris, 75, 78 ambrosiae, 78, 80, 81 atritibialis, 78, 80 breviatus, 78, 79, 80 hirtus, 78, 80, 81 mohri, 78, 81 pallipes, 78, 79, 80 stygicus, 21, 78,79, 80 Strongylotes saliens, 49 stygicus, Capsus, 79 stygicus, Strongylocoris, 21, 78, 79, 80 suavis, Agalliastes, 26 suavis, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 subfuscus, Neolygus caryae, 156, 162, 163 submarginatus, Capsus, 103 submarginatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 suffuscipennis, Plagioa;nathus, 28, 40 sulcatus, Phytocoris, l85, 189, 190 sulphureus, Psallus, 49 sulphureus, Reuteroscopus, 12, 48, 49 superbus, Adelphocoris, 174 suspectus, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 syrticolae, Plagiognathus, 6, 28, 31 Systellonotini, 74, 116 tarsalis, Callimiris, 129 tarsalis, Triyonotvlus, 129 taxodii, Ceratocapsus, 7, 10, 108, 110, 111 taxodii, Orthotylus, 7, 97, 99, 101 taxodii, Parthenicus, 7, 76 taxodii, Phytocoris, 7, 201, 203, 204 taxodii, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 121 Teleorhinus, 15, 17, 22, 52 davisi, 19 tephrosicola, 52 tenellus, Lygus, 163 tenuicornis, Cylapus, 4, 19, 21, 61 tenuicornis, Macrolophus, 23, 55, 56 tenuis, Cyrtopeltis, Si tephrosicola, leleorhinus, 52 Teratocoris, 125, 128 discolor, 12, 128 paludum, 128 Termatophvlidae, 74 tibialis, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 tiliae, Lva;us, 161 tiliae, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 161 234 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 tiliae, Ncurocolpus, 181, 182 tiliae, Plagiognathus, 34 tinctipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165 tinctus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158 rinctus, Plagiognathus, 31 debilis, 28, 32 tinctus, 28 tinctus, Plagiognathus albonotatus, 31 Trachelomiris oculatus, 127 tricolor, Neoborus, 140, 143 tricolor, Tropidosteptes, 143 Trigonotylus, 15, 125, 129 brevipes, 129 pulcher, 129 ruficornis, 129, 130 tarsalis, 129 triops, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 trispinosum, Stenodema, 4, 21, 130 trivittatus, Paracalocoris, 178 trivittis, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 Tropidosteptes, 136, 139 amoenus, 140 canadensis, 141 cardinalis, 4, 139 pettiti, 145 plagiter, 144 tricolor, 143 isugae, Microphylellus, 41, 42 tuberculatus, Phytocoris, 185, 187, 189 tumiditrons, Microphylellus, 41, 42 tyrannus, Capsus ater, 138 uhleri, Pilophorus, 5, 7, 120, 122 ulmi, Orthotylus, 97, 100 unicolor, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 unicolor, Sixeonotus, 59 unifasciatus, Lygaeus, 167 unifasciatus, Polymerus, 167 lateralis, 166, 168 uniformis, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113, 114 uniformis, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 univittatus, Lygus, 160 univittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160 vanduzeei, Lygus, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 vanduzeei, Pilophorus, 120, 122 vanduzeei, Rhinocapsus, 21, 24, 40 varians, Cyrtopeltis, 53 varius, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 venaticus, Poeciloscytus, 169 venaticus, Polymerus, 167, 169 venatorius, Eustictus, 21, 65, 66 ventralis, Opistheuria clandestina, 131 venustus, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 206 venustus, Polymerus, 166, 170 verbasci, Campylomma, 25 verbasci, Capsus, 25 vestitus, Dicyphus, 4, 23, 53, 54 viburni, Lygidea, 145 viburni, Lygus, 159 viburni, Neolygus, 155, 158, 159 vicinum, Stenodema, 4, 130 vicinus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 112 vicinus, Miris, 130 villosa, Clivinema, 64 viridicans, Dichrooscytus, 165 viridis, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 101, 102 viridulus, Plagiognathus, 31 vitripennis, Capsus, 56 vitripennis, Hyaliodes, 21, 56, 57, 58 discoidalis, 56 vitripennis, 56 vittatus, Phytocoris, 185, 190 vitticollis, Lygus, 162 vitticollis, Neolygus, 157, 158, 162 vittiscutis, Neoborus, 140, M2 vittiscutis, Plagiognathus albatus, 29, 37, 38 walshii, Pilophorus, 120, 123 Xenetus regalis, 119 scutellatus, 118 Xenoborus, 136, 143 commissuralis, 143, 144 neglectus, 144 pettiti, 144, 145 plagifer, 144 vaccini, Parthenicus, 21 zonatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133 RecentlPublications of the Illinois Natural History Survey A^ILUNOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY BULLETIN. Volume 21, Article 3.—Studies of Nearctic Aquatic Insects. By H. H. Ross and T. H. Frison. September, 1937. 62 pp., frontis. + 86 figs., bibliog. 60 cents. Conteuts: I. Nearctic alder flies of the genus Sialia (Megaioptera. Sialidae), by H. H. Rosb; and IL Descriptlona of Plecoptera, with special reference to the Illinois species, by T. H. Frison. Volume 21, Article 4.—Descriptions of Nearctic Caddis Flies (Trichoptera), with special reference to the Illinois species. By Herbert H. Ross. March, 1938. 84 pp., frontis. + 123 figs., foreword, index. $1.00. Volume 21, Article 6.—Preliminary Studies on Parasites of Upland Game Birds and Fur-Bearing Mammals in Illinois. By W. Henry Leigh. August, 1940. 10 pp., frontis. + 2 maps. Volume 21, Article 6.—Preliminary investigation of oak diseases in Illinois. By J. Cedric Carter. June, 1941. 36 pp., frontis. + 61 figs., bibliog. (Bound with Article 7.) Contents: Review of literature; Methods of study; Incidence of oak diseases; Canker and dieback diseases; Canker diseases; Dieback diseases, Boot rot; MiscellaneouB fungL Volume 21, Article 7.—A needle blight of Austrian pine. By Robert L. Hulbary. June, 1941. 6 pp., frontis. + 3 figs., bibliog. (Bound with Article 6.) Volume 21, Article 8.—Duck Food Plants of the Illinois River Valley. By Frank C. Bellrose, Jr. August, 1941. 44 pp., frontis. + 35 figs^ bibliog., appendix. Contents (partial): Kffect of water levels, floods, drought, fluctuation, turbidity; Seed pro- duction; Important duck food plants; Plant competition and methods of control; Natural propagation; Management recommendations; Tolerant food plants; Methods of planting; List of waterfowl food plants. B.—ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR. 32.—Pleasure With Plants. By L. R. Tehon. April, 1939. 32 pp., frontis. -f 9 figs. Contents: What is botanizing? Ways to botanize; Where to botanize; When to botanlse; How to botanize; Studying plants; Equipment for studying plants; The herbarium; tJaefal books ; Maps ; Conclusion. 33.—Controlling Peach Insects in Illinois. By S. C. Chandler and W. P. Flint. August, 1939. 40 pp., frontis. -1- 32 figs. Contents : Part I. Insects attacking bark and trunk of the peach tree ; Part IL Insects attack- ing twigs, foliage and fruit of the peach tree. 34.—Rout the Weeds! Why, When and How. By L. R. Tehon. January, 1940. (Second printing.) 47 pp., color frontis. -f 13 figs. Contents : The importance of weeds ; Weeds as economic factors ; Weeds as harborers of insects; Weeds as harborers of plant diseases; Relation of weeds to public health; Control methods; Thirteen noxious and pernicious weeds of Illinois. 86.—^Diseases of Small Grain Crops in Illinois. By G. H. Boewe. September, 1939. 180 pp., frontis. -f 47 figs. Contents: Nature of cereal diseases; Wheat diseases; Oats diseases; Barley diseases; By* diseases ; Cereal disease control. 37.—Outwitting Termites in Illinois. By W. E. McCauley and W. P. Flint. April, 1940. 23 pp., frontis. + 19 figs. Contents: Termites and their habits; Structural control of termites; Control of termites with chemicals; Unified action against termites. 38.—Windbreaks for Illinois Farmsteads. By J. E. Davis. December, 1940. 24 PPi frontis. + 19 figs. Contents : Introduction ; Planning the windbreak ; Planting the windbreak ; Care of tlie wind- break; What the windbreak trees are like. 39.—How to Collect and Preserve Insects. By H. H. Ross. June, 1941. 48 pp., frontis. -H 53 figs. Contents: Where to collect; What to nse; Special collecting ecinipment; Sending insects fox identification; How to handle unmounted specimens; How to mount and preserve sped- meus ; How to label the specimens ; Housing the collection permanently ; Identifying the specimens ; Useful books ; How to ship a collection ; Where to buy supplies. C—ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY MANUAL. 1.—Fieldbook of Illinois Wild Flowers. By the staff. March, 1936. 406 pp., color frontis. -f 349 figs., index. $1.50. Contents: Introduction; Key to families; Description of species (650). 2.—Fieldbook of Illinois Land Snails. By Frank Collins Baker. August, 1939. 166 pp., color frontis. + 170 figs., 8 pis. $1.00. Contents : Land snails, what they are and where they live ; Land snails native to Illinois ; Land snails introduced from foreign countries; Land snails of uncertain presence in Illinois; Bibliography ; Check list of Illinois species ; Index. List of available publications, over 300 titles, mailed on request. Address orders and correspondence to the Chief ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY Natural Resources Building, Urbana, niinois Payment in the form of U. S. Post Office money order made oat to State Treasurer of Illinola, Springrfleld, lUinois, most accompany reaueats for those publications on which a price Is set.