Article III. — On the Parasites of the Lesser Apple Leaf-

Boiler, Teras minuta (Robs.). By Clarence M. Weed.

In a paper'to be published in the Report of the State Ento-

mologist of Illinois for 1886, I have discussed ab length the

literature and life-history of the Lesser Apple Leaf-Roller,

originally described by Robinson as Tortrix minuta, and since

re-described by Le Baron, Riley, Packard, and Zeller under the

specific names of malivora^ia, Cinderella, vacciniivorana and

variolana. I have there shown that** the life-history of the

species when feeding upon apple is the same as when feeding

upon cranberry. Dr. Riley having proved that in the latter

case the species is dimorphic,— there being a yellow summer
form ajid a gray winter form. The parasites described below

were mostly bred at the Laboratory during 1886, though a few

had been obtained during previous seasons. It is a little re-

markable that although this leaf-roller has been so often in-

jurious both upon apple and cranberry, and has frequently been

treated of in entomological literature, there has heretofore been

recorded but one species of parasite bred from it, (obtained

from cranberry-feeding larvae). Yet from the frequently re-

corded fluctuations in the numbers of the larvge upon apple,

it seems probable that they have been subject to parasitic

attack for many years.

I desire to acknowledge my great obligations to Professor

S. A. F«rbes, to whose liberal-minded policy of allowing his

assistants personal credit for much of the work done by them,

I am indebted for the opportunity of publishing the present

paper; and to Dr. C. V. Riley, who has kindly determined the

generic position of the species of Limneria, Cremastus, and

Pimpla described below.



40 Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History.

LlMNEKIA ELEGANS, Sp. n.

Cocoon.—Length 6 mm. White, thin, sub-cylindrical.

Imago, ?.—Length, 4,5 mm. Black, somewhat shining;

mandibles straw-yellow, tipped with brown; palpi, white; four

anterior legs rufous, with coxse and trochanters whitish, and

tips of tarsi dusky; posterior legs rufous, with coxae (except

tips) and proximal portion of trochanters black, and tips of

trochanters, together with apical portion of tarsi dusky; ven-

trum of abdomen pale yellow anteriorly and darker posteriorly.

Antennae a little more than half as long as body, piceous, ex-

cept ventral surface of the two basal joints, which are yellow-

ish. Tegulse whitish. Wings with nervures and stigma dull

yellowish brown, former pale at base, and latter with a pale

spot on proximal portion; areola entirely wanting. Scutum

and scutellum of metathorax finely aciculate. Scutellum of

metathorax very finely granulate; carinas only slightly devel-

oped anteriorly, wanting posteriorly. First joint of abdomen

smooth and shining, suddenly enlarging transversely about two

thirds of the way back, the remaining segments having the

appearance of being very finely squamulate. Ovipositor nearly

half as long as abdomen.

Described from two specimens. The only other American

species that has been described under the genus Limneria, hav-

ing no areola, is L. rufipes Prov. (Nat. Can., Vol. VL, p. 149),

from which the present species differs in the color of the

stigma, ventral surface of the abdomen, anterior coxae, etc.

Limneria teratis, sp. n.

Cocoon. — Length 7 mm. Thin, white, nearly cylindrical

in form.

Imago, ?. — Length, 6 mm.; alar expanse, 8 mm. Black;

mouth parts honey-yellow; first pair of legs pale rufous; second

pair of same color, except tarsi, which are whitish tipped with

dusky; coxae and upper part of trochanters of third pair of legs

black, femora pale rufous tipped with dusky, tibise whitish at

base, then an imperfect dusky ring, then whitish again, and



Apple-Leaf Roller. 41

tipped with a broad dusky ring, tarsi dusky, with whitish rirtgs

at the articulations; ventral surface of abdomen dull brown.

Antennas piceous, setaceous, two thirds as long as body.

Tegulae whitish. Wings subhyaline; nervures and stigma

brownish black, the former pale at base, and the latter with a

pale spot near where it arises; areolet petiolated. Scutum of

mesothorax somewhat shining, finely granulate, with shallow

punctures, and a faintly impressed longitudinal area on each

side of the dorso-meson; very sparsely pubescent. Scutellum

of mesothorax granulate, pubescent. Scutellum of meta-

thorax graitulate; carinas prominent, so arranged as to en-

close a sub-circular area on anterior dorso-lateral surfaces, a

central pentagonal longitudinal area, the surface of which is

transversely striate, and on each side of which there are two

sub-triangular areas, with reticulated surfaces. Abdomen
shining, with sparse, fine pubescence; first segment subcylin-

drical, enlarged posteriorly. Ovipositor nearly as long as

abdomen.

Described from two specimens bred from Teras minuta in

June.

Differs from L. annulipes Cresson in the larger ovipositor,

and in the thoracic sculpture; and from L. fugitiva (Say) in

its smaller size and black posterior coxae.

PiMPLA MINUTA, Sp. n.

Itnago, $.— Length 5 mm. Black; tarsi, ventral surface

of first two antennal joints, tegulee and small spot just in front,

first four legs (except tarsal claws of posterior pair and apical

tarsal joint of middle pair), with trochanters of posterior legs,

and ventrum of abdomen (except two dusky quadrangular

spots on each segment), clear white. Posterior edges of middle

abdominal terga whitish. Coxae and femora of posterior legs

pale rufous, latter tipped with black; posterior tibia white, with

an imperfect dusky ring near base and a broad dusky ring at

tip; first tarsal joint white tipped with black; second and third

black, with white at base; the rest dusky throughout. Antennte

two thirds as long as body, setaceous, nearly piceous, the first

two joints white beneath, and the under surface of the third,



42 Illinois State Lahoratorij of Natural History.

fourth, and fifth lighter than the rest. Wings hyaline; nerv-

ures and stigma brownish black, paler at base; areolet moderate,

sessile, sub-rhomboidal. Scutum and scutellum of mesothorax

pubescent, shining, with numerous shallow punctures; scutum

with two oblique impressed lines arising anteriorly on each side

of the middle and meeting on the upper surface. Scutellum of

the metathorax canaliculate. First joint of abdomen shining,

with a prominent ridge arising anteriorly on each side of the

middle and running obliquely back; between these ridges in

front the segment is excavated and the sides are also somewhat

hollowed out. Remaining segments punctate, pubescent.

Described from one specimen bred from Teras minuta in

June.

This is a well-marked species, easily distinguished from

those previously described.

Ceemastus fokbesi, sp. n.

Cocoon.— Length 6 mm. Thin, whitish, sub-cylindrical.

Imago, 9 — Length 7 mm. Black; eye orbits, mouth
parts, ventrum of abdomen, and two anterior pairs of legs,

honey-yellow; posterior legs approaching a chestnut color,

with tips of tibiae dusky; tarsi dusky, especially at the tips;

posterior margin of abdominal terga (except first) dusky yel-

low. Antennge 5 mm. long, setaceous, ventral surface nearly

tawny olive. Scutum of mesothorax punctate, with a faint

impressed line starting a short distance each side of the middle

of the anterior margin, and running slightly obliquely to the

posterior margin, being united on the raedio-dorsal portion of

the scutum by a broad, flattened, thickly punctured area. Scu-

tellum of mesothorax punctate, having (in the specimen at

hand) an indistinct, transverse, chestnut-colored band. Meta-

thorax strongly sculptured; a well-developed longitudinal

carina on each side of the dorso-meson, arising near the an-

terior margin, and running to posterior margin, the two being

connected anteriorly by a transverse carina; on the outside of

each of these runs another longitudinal carina, the latter being

connected with the former by transverse carinas, so as to en-

close a quadrilateral area on the dorso-lateral angles of the



Ajyple-Leaf Follcr. 43

metathorax; another longitudinal carina on each side, below

those last mentioned; a spot on the anterior margin each side

of the dorso-meson shining, with scattered punctures; re-

mainder of the dorsum transversely striate (between the

carinae); sides punctate. Wings hyaline; tegulse straw-yellow;

stigma of moderate size, dusky yellowish brown; veins straw-

yellow at base, becoming dusky outwards. First abdominal

segment shining, long, slender, slightly enlarged posteriorly;

remaining segments pubescent. Ovipositor as long as ab-

domen.

Described from one specimen bred from Teras minuta,

13th June, 1886. Dedicated to Professor S. A. Forbes.

Clinocentrus americanus, sp. n.

Cocoon.— Length 3 mm.; width 1 mm. Whitish, thin,

without loose silk; usually formed within the cocoon of the

host.

Imago. — Length, $ 1.7 mm.; ? 2-2.1 mm. 3, ?. Reddish

or yellowish brown, with a black head, dark brown or piceous

antennae (except at the base), and more or less black on the

dorsum of the thorax, especially at the margin, and the an-

terior and posterior portions of the abdomen. Legs honey-

yellow, with tips of tarsi dusky. Mandibles brownish, tipped

with black; palpi whitish. Ovipositor whitish tipped with

dusky. Antennae as long as body, basal joints testaceous.

Wings subhyaline, tegulje and basal portion of veins testaceous;

middle portion of costa dusky; stigma and remaining nervures

dull brownish white. Mesoscutum with sparse pubescence,

smooth, except for two impressed oblique lines which form a

V-shaped marking, the base of the V being on the medio-pos-

terior portion of the scutum, and the side of the V extending

cephalo-laterad. Mesoscutellum smooth, sub-triangular. Scu-

tellum of metathorax reticulate. Tergum of first abdominal

segment with front slightly excavated; longitudinally rugose;

terga of two following segments finely rugulose. Ovipositor

exserted, nearly as long as abdomen.

The male of this species is usually darker in color than

the female and much more slender in form.



44 Illinois State Lahomtorij of Natural IJisforij.

Described from many specimens bred from Teras minuta

in June.

I propose the above specific name for this species, because

it is, I believe, the first insect of the genus to be described in

America,

Apanteles cacceci^ Riley.

As T have elsewhere noted*, a single specimen of this

species w^as bred from Terns minuta during May, 1886.

Macrocentrus delicatus Cresson.

Professor Riley has recordedf the breeding of this species

from the second brood of larvae of Teras feeding upon cran-

berry in New^ Jersey.

*Notes on some Illinois Microgasters. Bull 111. St. Lab. Nat.

Hist., Vol.'III., Art. I., p. 5.

fU. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., Bull. 4, p. 25.


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