The Illomata International Journal of Management


Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting 
P-ISSN: 2714-9838; E-ISSN: 2714-9846 
Volume 3, Issue 3 July 2022   
Page No. 297-307  

 

297 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting            https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 
 

The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 

(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance 

 
Rutmada Silalahi1, Panubut Simorangkir2, Taufiq Akbar3 

123Perbanas Institute, Indonesia 
Correspondent: panubut@perbanas.id2 

 

Received : June 1, 2022 

Accepted : July 20, 2022 

Published : July 31, 2022 

 

 

 
 
Citation: Silalahi, R., Simorangkir, P., Akbar T. 
(2022). The Influence Computer Assisted 
Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) 
and Professional Ethics on Auditor 
Performance. Ilomata International Journal of 
Tax and Accounting, 3(3), 297-307. 
https://doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v3i3.514  

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted with the aim of 
analyzing the effect of the application of computer-assisted 
audit technique systems and professional ethics on auditor 
performance. The data used in this study are the results of 
processing questionnaire data given to auditors who work in 
public accounting firms in the Jakarta area. The method 
used in this research is a purposive sampling method with a 
total of 92 respondents. Testing the analysis using SPSS 25 
by testing the validity, reliability, multiple linear regression, 
classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing. The results 
of this study indicate that the application of a computer-
assisted audit technique system has a positive and significant 
effect on employee performance with a significance level of 
0.000 <0.05 and professional ethics has a positive and 
significant effect on employee performance with a 
significance level of 0.000 <0.05. The results also show that 
the application of a computer-assisted audit technique 
system and professional ethics have a joint or simultaneous 
effect on auditor performance with a significance level of 
0.000 < 0.05. 
 

Keywords: Computer Assisted Audit Technique (CAAT), 
Professional Ethics, Auditor Performance 

 
This is an open access article under the  
CC-BY 4.0 license. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Along with the rapid development of the technological era, it encourages companies including 
public accountants to be required to be able to compete in preparing good and appropriate 
information systems and professional human resources (Deng et al., 2018; Godowski et al., 2020; 
Salleh & Aziz, 2014). Within the scope of audit work, tools that help auditors to achieve audit 
objectives are referred to as Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs). 
More specifically CAATTs refers to data and program checking procedures (Belfo & Trigo, 
2013; Krieger et al., 2021; Siew et al., 2020). In testing the CAATTs data used are grouped in 
software such as file interrogation software and system control audit review files (SCARF) while 
in testing the CAATTs program the ones used include program review, code comparison, and 
parallel simulation (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016; Shihab et al., 2017). 

In addition to technical competence, the use of a code of ethics is also required in the realization 
of good performance. The Professional ethics are the values and moral norms that become the 
guideline for a person or group of people in regulating their behavior (Ardillah & Chandra, 2022; 

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mailto:panubut@perbanas.id
https://doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v3i3.514


The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

298 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

Halim, 2008; Nurfauziah et al., 2022). According to (Muchtar, 2016), professional ethics are rules 
of behavior that have binding power for every profession holder. Efforts are being made to 
support the professionalism of an accountant in implementing and increasing public trust, 
namely by compiling and ratifying the code of ethics of the Indonesian Institute of Certified 
Public Accountants (IAPI), public interest, integrity, objectivity, competence and due care, 
confidentiality, professional conduct and technical standards (Kuntari et al., 2017; Latercia et al., 
2020; Mulyani, 2020). 

Auditor performance is a form of work carried out in achieving better work results and achieving 
organizational goals (Arianti, 2015; Meidawati & Assidiqi, 2019). But in fact there are many cases 
of public accountants, such as clients bribing auditors or auditors auditing their relatives' 
companies, and so on (Alissa et al., 2014; Causholli et al., 2021; Ricci, 2022). The case involving 
the public accountant of the multi-business company Bakrie & Brothers lost Rp. 15.86 trillion in 
2008, the multi-business company published an error in the bookkeeping of a very large net loss 
in 2009 of Rp. 15.86 trillion in financial statements that have been audited by Public Accounting 
Firm (PAF) of Doli, Bambang, Sudarmaji and Dadang. Previously, the published financial 
statements recorded a net loss of Rp. 16.6 trillion, but a few days later the financial statements 
were corrected and the net loss was changed to Rp. 15.86 trillion (Detik Finance, 2009). This 
phenomenon shows that the quality of the auditor's performance is still not good, so that good 
auditor performance is needed in terms of quality and quantity as well as responsibility for 
professional ethics in order to produce good performance and apply the principles of 
professional ethics in carrying out his profession. 

Previous research related to the application of Computer Assisted Audit Techniques and 
Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance was conducted by (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016) 
and (Kristian, 2020) stating that the Computer Assisted Audit Technique Variable and 
Professional Ethics Variable had a significant influence on the auditor's performance. 
Meanwhile, based on (Triyatno, 2017) research, it states that the use of information technology 
does not significantly affect the performance of auditors. 

Furthermore, (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016) examined the relationship between ethics and audit 
performance. In their research, (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016) concluded that the more the 
auditor upholds the code of ethics, the higher the auditor's performance. However, (Darwanis & 
Putri, 2020) failed to prove that the ethics of the auditor did not have a significant effect on the 
auditor's performance.  
 
The phenomenon of poor audit quality as previously mentioned and the inconsistency of 
previous research results related to factors that can affect audit performance make researchers 
interested in reviewing similar studies in order to obtain more comprehensive results and show 
the latest phenomena related to audit performance. Therefore, the researchers conducted a 
review of the application of Information Systems Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and 
Techniques (CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance at Public Accounting 
Firms in the DKI Jakarta Region.  

Auditor Performance 

According to (Mulyadi, 2002) auditor performance is the success of public accountants in 
carrying out objective examination assignments on the financial statements of a company with 
the aim of determining whether the financial statements have been presented fairly in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles. Auditor performance can be measured through 
certain measurements of quality, quantity and timeliness, where quality is related to the quality of 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

299 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

the work produced, while quantity is the amount of work produced within a certain time, and 
timeliness is the conformity of the planned time. In measuring performance, there are four 
dimensions of personality, namely; ability, professional commitment, motivation, and job 
satisfaction. An auditor who has expertise in the audit process will be thorough and careful in 
completing his work. Auditors who are committed to their profession will be loyal to their 
profession as perceived by the auditor (Trisnaningsih, 2007). 

Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) 

According to (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016) CAATTs is any use of computers in audit activities. 
The results of using CAATTs make the resulting information better because the calculations are 
carried out using audit software so that the decisions taken by the auditor become more precise 
and accurate. (Surya & Widhiyani, 2016) stated that using CAATTs will be able to provide 
benefits for auditors. CAATTs is the use of computers in audit activities to collect and evaluate 
data in electronic form to become audit evidence, to be able to do this an auditor must have a 
good understanding of techniques for accessing and analyzing electronic data called CAATTs.  

Professional Ethics 

Professional ethics is social ethics in which special ethics have duties and responsibilities towards 
their knowledge and profession (Prakoso, 2015). Professional ethics include standards of 
behavior for a professional that are made with practical and idealistic goals and motivate ideal 
behavior, so they must be realistic and enforceable (Kartika, 2015). The ethical principles of the 
auditor's profession in the Code of Ethics (IAI) include; professional responsibility, public 
interest, integrity, objectivity, competence and professional prudence, confidentiality, 
professional behavior, and technical standards (Mulyadi, 2002).  

Effect of Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) Information System on 
Auditor Performance 

An accounting information system is a system that aims to collect and store data about business 
processes carried out by the company, making the data into quality information that is useful for 
management in the planning stages of decision making and providing security for company 
assets (Kabuhung, 2014). The use of technology plays a role in business processes in creating 
new processes to solve problems, carrying out adequate tasks in managing information to 
support business operational activities of a company. Without the application of technology-
based information systems that can monitor business process activities, companies will find it 
difficult to analyze employee performance, problems being faced by the company and difficulties 
in supervising the resources owned by the company (Kabuhung, 2014). Moreover, the use of 
CAATTs is very much needed by an auditor in every process of audit activities. The results of 
previous research conducted by (Surya & Widhiyani, 2016), (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016), 
(Kristian, 2020), (Wicaksono et al., 2018), states that Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and 
Techniques have positive inffuence on auditor performance. Based on the above thoughts, the 
following hypothesis is formulated: 

H1: Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) Information System has 
an effect on auditor performance. 

Effect of Professional Ethics on auditor performance 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

300 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

Professional ethics (professional ethics) is an attitude of life in the form of justice to be able to 
provide a professional service to the community with full order and expertise, namely as a 
service in carrying out tasks that are obligations to the community. With the principles of 
professional ethics, members can fulfill their professional responsibilities and demand the 
commitment of an auditor who fulfills the principles of professional ethics. A sense of 
responsibility can make an auditor strive to complete his work properly and with quality. An 
auditor is required to always maintain standards of ethical behavior in order to improve auditor 
performance. Unfair and deviant competition between auditors can be avoided if an auditor can 
adhere to the principles of professional ethics. Professional ethics are guidelines or basic ethical 
principles that have been formulated by the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants 
(Institut Akuntan Publik Indonesia, 2016). Auditor performance can be said to be good if the 
auditor can comply with professional ethics because if the level of auditor compliance with 
professional ethics is higher, the performance results of the auditor will be better and can reflect 
his attitude to become an individual with integrity, objective and responsibility, so that the 
auditor carries out his professional duties. gain trust. 

Previous research conducted by (Zaleha & Novita, 2020) stated that professional ethics had an 
effect on auditor performance. Another study conducted by (Praktiyasa & Widhiyani, 2016) 
stated that professional ethics had an effect on auditor performance. This shows that the higher 
the level of compliance of an auditor with professional ethics, the better the performance of the 
auditor. Based on the thoughts above, the following hypothesis is formulated: 

H2: Professional Ethics affect the auditor performance 

 

METHOD 

Research Design 

The type of research that will be used in this study is quantitative research, according to 
(Sugiyono, 2014), namely research that seeks to uncover, describe and describe a social 
phenomenon by taking samples, processing data using instruments, statistical data analysis to 
determine the relationship between two variables. namely the implementation of Computer 
Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor 
Performance. 

Population and Sampling Techniques 

According to (Sugiyono, 2014) states that the area of generalization consists of objects or 
subjects that have certain qualities or characteristics set by researchers to be studied and then 
drawn conclusions. The population in this study are auditors who work in a Public Accounting 
Firm located in DKI Jakarta. The sample is part of the number and characteristics of the 
population (Sugiyono, 2014). The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling, 
because it was in accordance with the characteristics of the sample in this study. The samples 
used in this study were junior auditors and senior auditors who worked in Public Accounting 
Firms located in the DKI Jakarta Region. 

Data Types and Sources 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

301 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

The source of data used in this research is primary data. Primary data is data that can be obtained 
directly from the field or research place (Moleong, 2018), to obtain direct information about the 
influence of Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques and Professional Ethics on 
auditor performance, the data collection in this study was carried out using division online 
questionnaire in the form of google form to auditors working at PAF located in DKI Jakarta. 
The questionnaire contains a number of statements related to Computer Assisted Auditing Tools 
and Techniques, professional ethics and auditor performance. Measurement of variables using 
instruments in the form of statements and measured using a Likert scale. 

RESULT AND DISCUSSION 

Data Respondents in this study are auditors who work at the Public Accounting Firm (PAF). 
The process of distributing questionnaires is carried out by sending a permit letter and a 
questionnaire link in the form of a google form via email to the PAF due to constraints during 
the Covid-19 pandemic. The questionnaires in this study were also distributed through 
intermediaries. Questionnaires were distributed to several PAFs located in the DKI Jakarta area. 
Following are the results of the response of PAF who agreed to fill out the questionnaire and 
have filled out the questionnaire. 

Table 1 Distribution of Questionnaires Based on Public Accounting Firm 

No
. 

Name of Public Accounting Firm (PAF) Respondent 

1. PAF. Drs. Teguh Pribadi & Rekan 4 

2. PAF. KKSP & Rekan Jakarta 9 

3. PAF. RSM Indonesia 4 

4. PAF. Husni, Wibawa & Rekan 4 

5. PAF. S.Mannan Ardiansyah & Rekan 6 

6. PAF. Johannes Juara & Rekan 3 

7. PAF. Crowe Indonesia 4 

8. PAF. Bharata, Arifin,  Mumajad & Sayuti 58 

 TOTAL 92 Auditor 

Source: processed by researchers 

Validity Test 

Based on the results of the validity test for the observed variable items, it was found that all 
items had met the validity test requirements where the results showed that all instruments, both 
CAATTs, professional ethics and audit performance, had rcount values greater than rtable. So it 
can be concluded that all instrument items from the observed variables contained in the 
questionnaire are valid. 

Reliability Test 

Reliability testing in this study used the Cronbach Alpha method, namely by determining the 
reliable value (consistent) or not each item of the instrument in this study. The results of data 
processing indicate that the variables studied in this study meet the requirements of the reliability 
test where the value of Cronbach's Alpha variables X1, X2 and Y where the results are higher 
than the significance level of 0.6 (Arikunto, 2013). 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

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Classic Assumption Test 

This study conducted several tests before testing the hypothesis from the observed data. 
Normality testing was carried out using the One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test which 
resulted in the conclusion that the research data were normally distributed as indicated by a 
significance value of 0.200 > 0.05. The next test is the Multicollinearity Test using an assessment 
between collinearity tolerance and VIF statistics with the result that the collinearity tolerance 
value is greater than 0.10 and the VIF statistical value for all variables is less than 10 which 
indicates that the observed model is free from multicollinearity errors. The last test is the 
Heteroscedasticity test using the scatterplot test with the results that the scattered points do not 
form a certain clear pattern. So it can be concluded that there is no heteroscedasticity problem in 
this study. 

Hypothesis Test 

Hypothesis testing is done by using multiple linear regression testing and to assess whether the 
independent variable has a significant effect on the dependent variable, it is done by comparing 
the values of tcount and ttable and comparing the significance value with a predetermined 
degree. The results of hypothesis testing are shown in the following table: 

Table 2 Multiple Linear Regression Test Results 

Model 

Unstandardized 
Coefficients 

Standardized 
Coefficients 

t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 

1 (Constant) 18.405 4.342  4.239 .000 

CAATTs .534 .112 .527 4.776 .000 

Professional Ethics .070 .062 .124 1.128 .263 

a. Dependent Variable: Auditor Performance 

Source: Results of Data Processing with SPSS 

Based on the multiple linear regression test in the table above, the following regression equation 
can be obtained: 

 

The regression coefficient for the Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (X1) 
variable is 0.534, indicating that the Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques variable 
has a positive influence on auditor performance. This means that for every 1 time increase in the 
Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques variable, the auditor's performance will 
increase by 0.534 with the assumption that other variables are not examined in this study. The 
results of the t-test test on the independent variable Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and 
Techniques (X1) showed a t-count of 6.444, while for t-table with a significance level (α) = 5%, 

namely 0.05 and degrees of freedom (dk) = 92-2 ≈ 90 then the ttable value is 1.986675 1.987. 

The results of the t-test calculation can be concluded that the acceptance of Ha, because the 
results of the calculation of t-count 6,444 > 1,987 t-tabels, it can be said that the independent 
variable Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques (X1) has a significant influence on 
Auditor Performance (Y). A significant influence on the dependent variable means the 
acceptance of Ha by testing the results of a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 indicating a strong 

Auditor Performance = 18.405 + 0.534 CAATTs + 0.070 Proffessional Ethics   

 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

303 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

significant effect. Thus, this hypothesis test answers the formulation of the problem in this study, 
namely whether Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques have an effect on auditor 
performance, and the results of the calculation of the hypothesis test can be stated that the 
application of Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques has a positive and significant 
effect on Auditor Performance. 

The regression coefficient of the professional ethics variable (X2) of 0.070 indicates that the 
professional ethics variable has a positive influence on auditor performance. This means that for 
every 1 time increase in the professional ethics variable, the auditor's performance will increase 
by 0.070 with the assumption that other variables are not examined in this study. The results of 
the t-test test on the independent variable Professional ethics (X2) showed the results of t-count 
of 5.031, while for t-table with a significance level (α) = 5%, namely 0.05 and degrees of freedom 

(dk) = 92-2 ≈ 90 then the obtained value ttable is 1.986675 ≈ 1.987. 

The results of the t-test calculation can be concluded that the acceptance of Ha, because the 
results of the calculation of t count 5.031 > 1.987 treble, it can be said that the independent 
variable Professional Ethics (X2) has a significant effect on Auditor Performance (Y). A 
significant influence on the dependent variable means the acceptance of Ha by testing the results 
of a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 indicating a strong significant effect. Thus, this hypothesis 
test answers the formulation of the problem in this study, namely whether professional ethics 
have an effect on auditor performance, and the results of the calculation of the hypothesis test 
can be stated that professional ethics has a positive and significant effect on auditor 
performance. 

Multiple R Coefficient of Determination Test 

Table 3 Multiple R Coefficient of Determination Test Results 

Model R R Square 
Adjusted R 
Square 

Std. Error of 
the Estimate 

1 ,615a ,379 ,365 4,070 

a. Predictors: (Constant), Professional Ethics, Computer Assisted 
Auditing Tools and Techniques 

Source: Results of Data Processing with SPSS 

Based on the calculation results in Table 4.9, it can be seen that the adjusted R square for the 
dependent variable (auditor performance) is 0.365. This means that the auditor's performance 
can be explained by the variable Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques and 
professional ethics by 36.5%, while the remaining 63.5% is explained by other factors not 
included in this study. 

F Test 

Table 4 F Test Results (Simultaneous) 

ANOVAa 

Model 
Sum of 
Squares df 

Mean 
Square F Sig. 

1 Regression 898,836 2 449,418 27,125 ,000b 

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The Influence Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques 
(CAATTs) and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance  
Silalahi, Simorangkir, and Akbar 
 

304 | Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting           https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijtc 

Residual 1474,599 89 16,569   

Total 2373,435 91    

a. Dependent Variable: Auditor Performance 
b. Predictors: (Constant), Professional Ethics, Computer Assisted Auditing Tools 
and Techniques 
 Source: Results of Data Processing with SPSS 

The results of the F test calculation can be seen that the value of F test is 27.125 with a 
significance level of = 5% and the F table value is in accordance with the statistical f table N (92-
2 = 90) which is 3.10. This means that in the structural equation, the two independent variables 
have a simultaneous effect on the dependent variable, seen from testing the value of Sig 0.00 < 
0.05 and testing the F value, which shows F count 27.125 > 3.10. Independent Computer 
Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques and Professional Ethics have a significant effect on 
Auditor Performance which is the dependent variable. 

 

CONCLUSION  

This study was conducted to examine the effect of the application of the Computer Assisted 

Auditing Tools and Techniques System and Professional Ethics on Auditor Performance. Based 

on the results of processing and analyzing the data collected, it can be concluded that Computer 

Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques have a significant influence on Auditor Performance. 

This proves that the Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques system facilitates the 

work of the auditor and improves the performance of the auditor. Thus, it can be stated that the 

application of the Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques System has a significant 

effect on the Auditor's Performance. 

Furthermore, the Professional Ethics Variable has a significant influence on Auditor 

Performance. This proves that the more the auditor upholds professional ethics, the more the 

auditor's performance will improve. In this study also resulted in the conclusion that the 

variables of Computer Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques and Professional Ethics together 

influence the Auditor's Performance. This shows that if the auditor applies the Computer 

Assisted Auditing Tools and Techniques System in audit activities and the level of auditor 

compliance with professional ethics is high, it can improve the performance of the auditor .  

 

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