id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
impactinged-288	1	1	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	1	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	3	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	1	4	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	5	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	1	6	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	1	7	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	1	8	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	9	new	new	ADJ
impactinged-288	1	10	articles	article	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	1	12	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	1	13	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	14	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	1	15	licensed	license	VERB
impactinged-288	1	16	under	under	ADP
impactinged-288	1	17	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	1	18	creative	creative	ADJ
impactinged-288	1	19	commons	common	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	20	attribution	attribution	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	21	4.0	4.0	NUM
impactinged-288	1	22	united	unite	VERB
impactinged-288	1	23	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	1	24	license	license	NOUN
impactinged-288	1	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	2	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	2	2	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	2	3	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	2	4	published	publish	VERB
impactinged-288	2	5	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	2	6	pitt	pitt	PROPN
impactinged-288	2	7	open	open	PROPN
impactinged-288	2	8	library	library	NOUN
impactinged-288	2	9	publishing	publishing	NOUN
impactinged-288	2	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	1	18	18	NUM
impactinged-288	3	2	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	3	3	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	4	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	3	5	supported	support	VERB
impactinged-288	3	6	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	3	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	3	8	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	9	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	10	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	3	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	3	12	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	13	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	14	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	3	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	17	forum	forum	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	18	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	3	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	3	20	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	3	21	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	22	cped	cpe	VERB
impactinged-288	3	23	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	24	cpedinitiative.org	cpedinitiative.org	X
impactinged-288	3	25	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	VERB
impactinged-288	3	26	issn	issn	PROPN
impactinged-288	3	27	2472	2472	NUM
impactinged-288	3	28	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	3	29	5889	5889	NUM
impactinged-288	3	30	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	31	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	3	32	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	3	33	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	34	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	3	35	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	4	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	4	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	4	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	4	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	4	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	4	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	4	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	11	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	4	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	4	13	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	14	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	4	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	4	16	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	17	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	4	18	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	4	19	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	20	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	4	21	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	4	22	survey	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	23	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	4	24	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	25	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	4	26	trends	trend	NOUN
impactinged-288	4	27	holly	holly	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	28	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	29	foster	foster	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	30	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	4	32	southern	southern	ADJ
impactinged-288	4	33	mississippi	mississippi	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	34	holly.foster@usm.edu	holly.foster@usm.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	35	steven	steven	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	36	chesnut	chesnut	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	37	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	38	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	4	39	missouri	missouri	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	40	-	-	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	41	kansas	kansas	PROPN
impactinged-288	4	42	city	city	PROPN
impactinged-288	5	1	schesnut@umkc.edu	schesnut@umkc.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	1	james	james	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	2	thomas	thomas	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	3	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	5	southern	southern	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	6	mississippi	mississippi	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	7	james.w.thomas@usm.edu	james.w.thomas@usm.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	8	courtney	courtney	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	9	robinson	robinson	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	10	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	12	southern	southern	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	13	mississippi	mississippi	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	14	courtney.l.robinson@usm.edu	courtney.l.robinson@usm.edu	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	15	abstract	abstract	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	16	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	17	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	18	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	19	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	21	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	6	22	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	6	23	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	24	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	25	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	27	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	6	28	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	6	29	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	6	31	few	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	32	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	33	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	34	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	6	35	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	6	36	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	6	37	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	6	38	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	39	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	40	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	6	41	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	42	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	43	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	44	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	45	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	6	46	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	47	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	6	48	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	6	49	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	50	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	6	51	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	52	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	53	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	6	54	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	6	55	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	7	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	7	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	7	3	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	7	4	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	7	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	7	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	7	7	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	7	8	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	7	9	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	7	10	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	7	11	conflated	conflate	VERB
impactinged-288	7	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	8	1	conversations	conversation	NOUN
impactinged-288	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	8	3	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	8	4	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	8	5	point	point	NOUN
impactinged-288	8	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	8	7	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	8	8	done	do	VERB
impactinged-288	8	9	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	8	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	8	11	contribute	contribute	VERB
impactinged-288	8	12	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	8	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	8	14	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
impactinged-288	8	15	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	8	16	than	than	SCONJ
impactinged-288	8	17	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	8	18	operationally	operationally	ADV
impactinged-288	8	19	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	8	20	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	8	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	8	22	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	8	23	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	8	24	paths	path	NOUN
impactinged-288	8	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	9	1	method	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	2	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	9	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	9	4	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	9	5	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	6	analyzed	analyze	VERB
impactinged-288	9	7	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	8	collected	collect	VERB
impactinged-288	9	9	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	9	10	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	9	11	review	review	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	9	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	9	14	188	188	NUM
impactinged-288	9	15	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	9	16	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	17	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	9	18	145	145	NUM
impactinged-288	9	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	20	listed	list	VERB
impactinged-288	9	21	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	9	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	9	23	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	24	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	9	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	9	26	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	9	28	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	9	29	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	9	30	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	9	31	ashe	ashe	PROPN
impactinged-288	9	32	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	9	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	1	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	2	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	3	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	10	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	10	6	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	10	7	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	10	8	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	10	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	10	10	shift	shift	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	11	toward	toward	ADP
impactinged-288	10	12	operational	operational	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	13	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	14	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	10	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	10	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	10	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	10	21	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	22	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	25	similarities	similarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	26	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	10	27	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	28	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	30	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	32	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	10	33	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	34	expectations	expectation	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	35	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	36	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	10	37	list	list	VERB
impactinged-288	10	38	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	10	39	few	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	10	41	suggest	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	10	42	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	10	43	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	44	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	10	45	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	10	46	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	47	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	10	48	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	10	49	further	further	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	50	refinement	refinement	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	51	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	10	52	reach	reach	VERB
impactinged-288	10	53	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	54	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	55	clarity	clarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	56	common	common	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	57	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	10	58	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	10	59	conversations	conversation	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	60	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	10	61	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	10	62	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	63	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	10	64	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	1	keywords	keyword	VERB
impactinged-288	11	2	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	11	3	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	5	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	11	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	11	8	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	11	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	10	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	11	11	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	13	graduate	graduate	ADJ
impactinged-288	11	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	15	introduction	introduction	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	16	several	several	ADJ
impactinged-288	11	17	fields	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	18	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	11	19	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	11	20	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	22	including	include	VERB
impactinged-288	11	23	business	business	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	24	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	25	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	27	nursing	nursing	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	29	law	law	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	11	31	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	11	32	psychology	psychology	NOUN
impactinged-288	11	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	12	1	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	12	2	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	12	3	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	12	4	aim	aim	VERB
impactinged-288	12	5	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	12	6	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	12	7	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	12	8	better	well	ADJ
impactinged-288	12	9	option	option	NOUN
impactinged-288	12	10	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	12	11	developing	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	12	12	advanced	advanced	ADJ
impactinged-288	12	13	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	12	14	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	12	15	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	12	16	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	12	17	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	12	18	respective	respective	ADJ
impactinged-288	12	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	12	20	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
impactinged-288	12	21	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	12	22	jones	jones	PROPN
impactinged-288	12	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	12	24	2018	2018	NUM
impactinged-288	12	25	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	12	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	13	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	13	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	13	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	13	4	are	be	VERB
impactinged-288	13	5	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
impactinged-288	13	6	debates	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	13	7	within	within	ADP
impactinged-288	13	8	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	13	9	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	13	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	13	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	13	12	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	13	13	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	13	14	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	13	15	continually	continually	ADV
impactinged-288	13	16	affect	affect	VERB
impactinged-288	13	17	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	13	18	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	13	19	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	13	20	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	13	21	understood	understand	VERB
impactinged-288	13	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	1	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	14	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	14	5	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
impactinged-288	14	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	7	pertaining	pertain	VERB
impactinged-288	14	8	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	14	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	14	10	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	14	12	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	14	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	16	vs.	vs.	ADP
impactinged-288	14	17	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	14	19	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	22	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	23	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	24	paths	path	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	25	requires	require	VERB
impactinged-288	14	26	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	14	27	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	28	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	14	29	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	30	alike	alike	ADV
impactinged-288	14	31	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	14	32	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	14	33	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	34	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	14	35	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	14	36	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	14	37	unable	unable	ADJ
impactinged-288	14	38	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	14	39	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	14	40	completely	completely	ADV
impactinged-288	14	41	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	14	42	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	14	43	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	14	44	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	14	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	14	46	especially	especially	ADV
impactinged-288	14	47	considering	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	14	48	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	14	49	overlap	overlap	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	50	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	14	51	instructional	instructional	ADJ
impactinged-288	14	52	facilities	facility	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	53	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	14	54	faculty	faculty	NOUN
impactinged-288	14	55	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
impactinged-288	15	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	15	3	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
impactinged-288	15	4	discussions	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	15	7	existing	exist	VERB
impactinged-288	15	8	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	15	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	15	11	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	15	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	15	14	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	15	16	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	15	17	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	18	may	may	AUX
impactinged-288	15	19	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	15	20	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	15	21	intentions	intention	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	23	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	15	24	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	15	25	share	share	VERB
impactinged-288	15	26	overlapping	overlap	VERB
impactinged-288	15	27	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	15	28	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	29	de	de	X
impactinged-288	15	30	lisi	lisi	X
impactinged-288	15	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	32	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	15	33	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	15	34	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	1	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	16	2	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	3	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	16	4	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	16	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	16	7	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	16	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	9	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	16	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	12	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	16	13	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	16	14	typically	typically	ADV
impactinged-288	16	15	include	include	VERB
impactinged-288	16	16	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	17	focus	focus	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	20	role	role	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	16	22	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	24	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	25	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	27	mode	mode	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	28	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	16	29	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	31	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	16	32	breadth	breadth	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	33	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	16	34	focus	focus	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	35	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	36	jones	jones	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	38	2018	2018	NUM
impactinged-288	16	39	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	16	41	yet	yet	CCONJ
impactinged-288	16	42	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	16	43	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	16	44	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	16	45	misperception	misperception	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	46	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	16	47	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	48	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	49	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	16	50	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	16	51	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	16	52	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	16	53	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	17	2	recent	recent	ADJ
impactinged-288	17	3	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	5	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	17	6	attention	attention	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	7	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	17	8	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	17	9	directed	direct	VERB
impactinged-288	17	10	toward	toward	ADP
impactinged-288	17	11	defining	define	VERB
impactinged-288	17	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	17	13	clarifying	clarify	VERB
impactinged-288	17	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	17	15	roles	role	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	17	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	17	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	17	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	17	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	21	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	17	22	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	17	23	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	24	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	17	25	relation	relation	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	26	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	17	27	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	17	28	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	17	29	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	17	30	order	order	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	31	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	17	32	elucidate	elucidate	VERB
impactinged-288	17	33	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	17	34	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	17	35	purposes	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	36	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	17	37	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	17	38	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	39	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	40	aiken	aiken	PROPN
impactinged-288	17	41	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	17	42	gerstl	gerstl	PROPN
impactinged-288	17	43	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	44	pepin	pepin	PROPN
impactinged-288	17	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	46	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	17	47	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	48	boyce	boyce	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	49	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	50	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	17	51	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	52	card	card	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	53	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	54	chambers	chamber	NOUN
impactinged-288	17	55	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	56	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	17	57	freeman	freeman	PROPN
impactinged-288	17	58	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	59	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	17	60	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	17	61	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	18	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	18	2	discussion	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	18	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	18	4	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	18	5	persistent	persistent	ADJ
impactinged-288	18	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	18	7	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
impactinged-288	18	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	18	9	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	18	10	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ
impactinged-288	18	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	18	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	18	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	18	14	juxtaposition	juxtaposition	NOUN
impactinged-288	18	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	18	16	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	18	17	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	18	18	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	18	19	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	18	20	created	create	VERB
impactinged-288	18	21	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	18	22	questions	question	NOUN
impactinged-288	18	23	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	18	24	answers	answer	NOUN
impactinged-288	18	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	1	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	19	2	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	19	3	effort	effort	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	4	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	19	5	clarifying	clarify	VERB
impactinged-288	19	6	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	19	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	19	10	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	11	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	12	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	19	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	19	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	15	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	17	cped	cpe	VERB
impactinged-288	19	18	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	20	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	19	21	developed	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	19	22	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	19	23	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	19	24	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	19	25	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	26	reclaim	reclaim	VERB
impactinged-288	19	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	19	28	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	29	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	19	30	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	31	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	32	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	19	33	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	34	zambo	zambo	PROPN
impactinged-288	19	35	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	36	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	19	37	wunder	wunder	PROPN
impactinged-288	19	38	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	39	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	19	40	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	19	41	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	20	1	since	since	SCONJ
impactinged-288	20	2	then	then	ADV
impactinged-288	20	3	great	great	ADJ
impactinged-288	20	4	strides	stride	NOUN
impactinged-288	20	5	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	20	6	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	20	7	made	make	VERB
impactinged-288	20	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	20	9	address	address	VERB
impactinged-288	20	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	20	11	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	20	12	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	20	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	20	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	20	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	20	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	20	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	20	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	2	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	3	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	4	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	21	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	6	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	7	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	8	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	9	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	21	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	11	first	first	ADJ
impactinged-288	21	12	national	national	ADJ
impactinged-288	21	13	effort	effort	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	14	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	21	15	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	21	16	undertaken	undertake	VERB
impactinged-288	21	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	18	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	19	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	21	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	21	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	21	22	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	23	through	through	ADP
impactinged-288	21	24	clear	clear	ADJ
impactinged-288	21	25	examination	examination	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	26	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	21	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	29	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	30	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	21	31	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	32	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	21	33	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	21	34	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	21	35	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	21	36	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	37	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	21	38	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	21	39	imig	imig	PROPN
impactinged-288	21	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	41	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	21	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	43	pp	pp	ADJ
impactinged-288	21	44	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	45	1718	1718	NUM
impactinged-288	21	46	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	21	47	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	22	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	22	2	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	3	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	4	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	22	5	worked	work	VERB
impactinged-288	22	6	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	22	7	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	22	8	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	22	9	125	125	NUM
impactinged-288	22	10	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	11	https://library.pitt.edu/e-journals	https://library.pitt.edu/e-journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	12	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/	PROPN
impactinged-288	22	13	http://cpedinitiative.org/	http://cpedinitiative.org/	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	14	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-5833	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-5833	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	15	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-7823	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-7823	PROPN
impactinged-288	22	16	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-9967	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-9967	PROPN
impactinged-288	22	17	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	22	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	22	19	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	22	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	22	21	phd	phd	PROPN
impactinged-288	22	22	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	22	23	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	22	24	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	23	1	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	23	2	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	23	3	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	23	4	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	23	5	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	23	6	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	23	7	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	23	8	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	23	9	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	24	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	24	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	24	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	24	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	24	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	24	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	24	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	24	11	19	19	NUM
impactinged-288	24	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	24	13	colleges	college	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	24	15	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	16	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	24	17	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	24	18	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	24	19	develop	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	24	20	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	24	21	framework	framework	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	22	for	for	SCONJ
impactinged-288	24	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	24	24	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	24	25	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	24	26	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	24	27	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	24	28	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	24	29	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	30	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	31	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	24	32	will	will	AUX
impactinged-288	24	33	continue	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	24	34	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	24	35	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	24	36	test	test	VERB
impactinged-288	24	37	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	24	38	refine	refine	VERB
impactinged-288	24	39	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	24	40	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	41	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	24	42	ensure	ensure	VERB
impactinged-288	24	43	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	24	44	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	24	45	ed.d	ed.d	NOUN
impactinged-288	24	46	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	1	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	25	2	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	25	3	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	25	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	25	5	preferred	preferred	ADJ
impactinged-288	25	6	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	25	7	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	25	8	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	25	9	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	25	10	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	11	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	12	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	25	13	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	25	14	imig	imig	PROPN
impactinged-288	25	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	16	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	25	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	18	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	25	19	18	18	NUM
impactinged-288	25	20	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	25	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	26	2	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	26	3	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	4	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	26	5	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	6	recognizes	recognize	VERB
impactinged-288	26	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	26	8	advances	advance	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	9	towards	towards	ADP
impactinged-288	26	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	26	11	redesign	redesign	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	26	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	26	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	26	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	16	she	she	PRON
impactinged-288	26	17	notes	note	VERB
impactinged-288	26	18	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	26	19	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	26	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	26	22	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	26	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	26	24	professionalpractice	professionalpractice	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	25	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	26	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	26	27	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	28	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	26	29	far	far	ADV
impactinged-288	26	30	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	26	31	complete	complete	ADJ
impactinged-288	26	32	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	33	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	34	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	26	35	61	61	NUM
impactinged-288	26	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	26	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	27	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	27	2	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	27	3	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	4	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	27	5	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	27	6	done	do	VERB
impactinged-288	27	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	27	8	questions	question	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	9	remain	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	27	10	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	27	11	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	12	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	27	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	27	14	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	27	16	terms	term	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	17	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	27	18	overall	overall	ADJ
impactinged-288	27	19	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	27	22	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	23	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	24	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	27	25	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	27	26	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	27	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	27	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	1	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	28	2	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	28	3	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	28	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	28	6	past	past	ADJ
impactinged-288	28	7	30	30	NUM
impactinged-288	28	8	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	28	11	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	28	12	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	13	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	28	14	remained	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	28	15	largely	largely	ADV
impactinged-288	28	16	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	28	17	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	28	18	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	28	19	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	21	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	23	1987	1987	NUM
impactinged-288	28	24	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	25	baez	baez	NOUN
impactinged-288	28	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	27	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	28	28	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	29	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	30	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	28	31	coorough	coorough	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	33	1994	1994	NUM
impactinged-288	28	34	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	35	shulman	shulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	36	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	37	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	38	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	28	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	40	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	28	41	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	28	42	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	29	1	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	29	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	29	3	historical	historical	ADJ
impactinged-288	29	4	context	context	NOUN
impactinged-288	29	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	29	6	comparing	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	29	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	29	8	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	29	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	29	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	29	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	29	12	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	29	13	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	29	14	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	29	15	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	29	16	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	29	17	relatively	relatively	ADV
impactinged-288	29	18	new	new	ADJ
impactinged-288	29	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	29	20	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	29	21	countries	country	NOUN
impactinged-288	29	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	29	23	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	29	24	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	29	25	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	29	26	long	long	ADV
impactinged-288	29	27	established	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	29	28	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	29	29	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	29	30	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	29	31	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	29	32	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	29	33	lester	lester	PROPN
impactinged-288	29	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	29	35	2004	2004	NUM
impactinged-288	29	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	29	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	30	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	30	2	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	30	3	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	30	4	formally	formally	ADV
impactinged-288	30	5	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	30	6	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	30	7	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	30	8	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	30	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	30	10	1922	1922	NUM
impactinged-288	30	11	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	30	12	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	30	13	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	30	14	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	30	15	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	30	16	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	30	17	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	30	18	developed	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	30	19	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	30	20	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	30	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	30	22	mindset	mindset	NOUN
impactinged-288	30	23	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	30	24	townsend	townsend	PROPN
impactinged-288	30	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	30	26	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	30	27	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	30	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	1	further	further	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	2	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
impactinged-288	31	4	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	31	5	earlier	early	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	6	intention	intention	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	7	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	31	8	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	9	formed	form	VERB
impactinged-288	31	10	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	31	11	graduate	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	12	school	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	31	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	15	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	31	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	31	17	$	$	SYM
impactinged-288	31	18	500,000	500,000	NUM
impactinged-288	31	19	contribution	contribution	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	20	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	31	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	22	rockefeller	rockefeller	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	23	education	education	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	24	foundation	foundation	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	26	setting	set	VERB
impactinged-288	31	27	out	out	ADP
impactinged-288	31	28	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	31	29	establish	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	31	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	31	first	first	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	32	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	33	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	34	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	31	35	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	36	country	country	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	38	stating	state	VERB
impactinged-288	31	39	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	31	40	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	41	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	31	42	will	will	AUX
impactinged-288	31	43	rank	rank	VERB
impactinged-288	31	44	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	31	45	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	46	university	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	47	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	31	48	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	49	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	31	50	medicine	medicine	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	51	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	52	law	law	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	53	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	54	divinity	divinity	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	55	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	31	56	engineering	engineering	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	57	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	58	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	59	all	all	PRON
impactinged-288	31	60	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	31	61	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	31	62	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	31	63	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	31	64	own	own	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	65	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	31	66	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	67	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	68	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	31	69	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	70	md	md	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	71	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	72	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	73	jd	jd	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	74	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	75	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	76	thd	thd	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	77	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	78	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	31	79	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	31	80	engd	engd	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	81	respectively	respectively	ADV
impactinged-288	31	82	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	83	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	84	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	85	school	school	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	86	endowment	endowment	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	87	fund	fund	PROPN
impactinged-288	31	88	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	89	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	90	1919	1919	NUM
impactinged-288	31	91	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	92	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	31	93	14	14	NUM
impactinged-288	31	94	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	31	95	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	32	1	developing	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	32	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	32	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	32	4	using	use	VERB
impactinged-288	32	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	32	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	7	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	8	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	32	9	caused	cause	VERB
impactinged-288	32	10	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
impactinged-288	32	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	32	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	32	14	delineation	delineation	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	32	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	32	17	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	32	18	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	32	20	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	32	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	32	22	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	32	23	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	32	24	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	32	25	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	32	26	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	32	27	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	32	28	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	32	29	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	32	30	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	32	31	long	long	ADV
impactinged-288	32	32	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	32	33	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	32	34	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	32	35	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	32	36	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	32	37	existence	existence	NOUN
impactinged-288	32	38	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	33	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	33	2	1931	1931	NUM
impactinged-288	33	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	33	4	just	just	ADV
impactinged-288	33	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	33	6	decade	decade	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	7	after	after	SCONJ
impactinged-288	33	8	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	33	9	began	begin	VERB
impactinged-288	33	10	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	33	11	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	33	12	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	33	14	freeman	freeman	PROPN
impactinged-288	33	15	wrote	write	VERB
impactinged-288	33	16	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	33	17	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	33	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	33	19	earliest	early	ADJ
impactinged-288	33	20	documented	document	VERB
impactinged-288	33	21	articles	article	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	22	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	33	23	addressed	address	VERB
impactinged-288	33	24	problems	problem	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	25	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	33	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	33	27	lack	lack	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	28	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	29	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	33	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	33	31	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	33	32	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	33	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	34	1	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	34	2	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	34	3	result	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	34	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	34	5	some	some	PRON
impactinged-288	34	6	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	34	7	argued	argue	VERB
impactinged-288	34	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	34	9	re	re	VERB
impactinged-288	34	10	-	-	VERB
impactinged-288	34	11	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	34	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	34	13	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	34	14	so	so	SCONJ
impactinged-288	34	15	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	34	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	34	17	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	34	18	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	34	19	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	34	20	each	each	PRON
impactinged-288	34	21	focus	focus	VERB
impactinged-288	34	22	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	34	23	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	34	24	individual	individual	ADJ
impactinged-288	34	25	missions	mission	NOUN
impactinged-288	34	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	34	27	boyce	boyce	NOUN
impactinged-288	34	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	34	29	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	34	30	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	34	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	35	1	others	other	NOUN
impactinged-288	35	2	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	35	3	even	even	ADV
impactinged-288	35	4	argued	argue	VERB
impactinged-288	35	5	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	35	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	35	7	elimination	elimination	NOUN
impactinged-288	35	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	35	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	35	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	35	11	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	35	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	35	13	levine	levine	PROPN
impactinged-288	35	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	35	15	2005	2005	NUM
impactinged-288	35	16	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	35	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	36	1	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	36	2	date	date	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	36	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	36	5	dualistic	dualistic	ADJ
impactinged-288	36	6	landscape	landscape	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	7	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	36	8	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	36	9	forged	forge	VERB
impactinged-288	36	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	36	11	strengthened	strengthen	VERB
impactinged-288	36	12	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	36	13	sustains	sustain	VERB
impactinged-288	36	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	36	15	debates	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	36	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	36	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	36	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	36	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	36	22	focusing	focus	VERB
impactinged-288	36	23	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	36	24	practicality	practicality	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	25	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	36	26	perception	perception	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	27	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	36	28	application	application	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	29	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	36	30	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	36	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	37	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	37	2	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	37	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	37	4	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	37	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	37	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	37	7	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	37	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	37	9	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	37	10	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	37	11	continued	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	37	12	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	37	13	decades	decade	NOUN
impactinged-288	37	14	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	38	1	hollis	hollis	PROPN
impactinged-288	38	2	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	38	3	1942	1942	NUM
impactinged-288	38	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	38	5	called	call	VERB
impactinged-288	38	6	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	38	7	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	8	75	75	NUM
impactinged-288	38	9	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	10	ago	ago	ADV
impactinged-288	38	11	when	when	SCONJ
impactinged-288	38	12	he	he	PRON
impactinged-288	38	13	argued	argue	VERB
impactinged-288	38	14	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	38	15	given	give	VERB
impactinged-288	38	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	38	17	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	18	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	38	19	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	38	20	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	38	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	38	23	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	38	24	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	25	needed	need	VERB
impactinged-288	38	26	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	38	27	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	38	28	modified	modify	VERB
impactinged-288	38	29	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	38	30	meet	meet	VERB
impactinged-288	38	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	38	32	needs	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	38	33	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	38	34	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	38	35	seeking	seek	VERB
impactinged-288	38	36	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	38	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	1	because	because	SCONJ
impactinged-288	39	2	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	39	3	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	4	pursuing	pursue	VERB
impactinged-288	39	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	39	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	7	do	do	AUX
impactinged-288	39	8	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	39	9	desire	desire	VERB
impactinged-288	39	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	39	11	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	39	12	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	39	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	16	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	17	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	39	18	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	39	19	modelled	model	VERB
impactinged-288	39	20	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	39	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	39	22	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	23	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	39	24	failing	fail	VERB
impactinged-288	39	25	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	39	26	provide	provide	VERB
impactinged-288	39	27	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	28	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	39	29	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	39	30	high	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	39	31	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	32	level	level	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	33	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	34	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	39	35	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	39	36	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	39	37	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	39	38	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	39	39	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	39	40	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	39	41	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	42	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	39	43	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	44	shulman	shulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	45	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	46	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	47	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	39	48	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	49	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	39	50	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	39	51	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	40	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	40	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	40	3	instead	instead	ADV
impactinged-288	40	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	40	5	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	40	6	modifying	modify	VERB
impactinged-288	40	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	40	8	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	40	9	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	40	10	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	40	11	practitionerfocused	practitionerfocuse	VERB
impactinged-288	40	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	40	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	40	14	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	40	15	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	40	16	remained	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	40	17	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	40	18	so	so	SCONJ
impactinged-288	40	19	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	40	20	neither	neither	PRON
impactinged-288	40	21	has	have	VERB
impactinged-288	40	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	40	23	potential	potential	NOUN
impactinged-288	40	24	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	40	25	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	40	26	suitable	suitable	ADJ
impactinged-288	40	27	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	40	28	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	40	29	nor	nor	CCONJ
impactinged-288	40	30	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	40	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	1	according	accord	VERB
impactinged-288	41	2	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	41	3	shulman	shulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	41	4	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	41	5	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	41	6	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	41	7	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	8	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	41	9	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	11	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	12	instead	instead	ADV
impactinged-288	41	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	41	14	having	have	VERB
impactinged-288	41	15	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	41	16	separate	separate	ADJ
impactinged-288	41	17	entities	entity	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	18	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	41	19	effectively	effectively	ADV
impactinged-288	41	20	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
impactinged-288	41	21	distinct	distinct	ADJ
impactinged-288	41	22	functions	function	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	24	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	41	25	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	41	26	confounding	confound	VERB
impactinged-288	41	27	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	41	28	compromise	compromise	VERB
impactinged-288	41	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	30	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	41	31	blurring	blurring	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	32	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	41	33	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	35	resulting	result	VERB
impactinged-288	41	36	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	41	37	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	41	38	danger	danger	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	39	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	41	40	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	41	41	achieve	achieve	VERB
impactinged-288	41	42	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
impactinged-288	41	43	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	44	neither	neither	CCONJ
impactinged-288	41	45	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	41	46	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	47	nor	nor	CCONJ
impactinged-288	41	48	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	41	49	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	50	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	51	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	52	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	41	53	26	26	NUM
impactinged-288	41	54	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	41	55	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	1	an	an	PRON
impactinged-288	42	2	earlier	early	ADV
impactinged-288	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	4	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	42	5	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	42	6	overlooked	overlook	VERB
impactinged-288	42	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	8	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	9	denotes	denote	VERB
impactinged-288	42	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	42	11	challenge	challenge	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	42	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	42	14	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	42	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	42	17	1950s	1950s	NUM
impactinged-288	42	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	19	stating	state	VERB
impactinged-288	42	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	42	21	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	42	22	introduction	introduction	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	24	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	25	when	when	SCONJ
impactinged-288	42	26	asked	ask	VERB
impactinged-288	42	27	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	42	28	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	42	29	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	42	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	42	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	32	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	42	33	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	42	34	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	42	35	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	36	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	42	37	people	people	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	38	express	express	VERB
impactinged-288	42	39	widely	widely	ADV
impactinged-288	42	40	varying	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	42	41	opinions	opinion	NOUN
impactinged-288	42	42	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	43	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	43	2	usual	usual	ADJ
impactinged-288	43	3	conception	conception	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	43	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	43	6	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	43	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	43	8	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	9	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	43	10	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	43	11	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	43	12	requires	require	VERB
impactinged-288	43	13	at	at	ADV
impactinged-288	43	14	least	least	ADV
impactinged-288	43	15	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	43	16	year	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	17	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	43	18	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	19	work	work	VERB
impactinged-288	43	20	above	above	ADP
impactinged-288	43	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	43	22	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	23	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	43	24	level	level	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	43	26	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	43	28	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	43	29	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	43	30	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	43	31	languages	language	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	43	33	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	43	34	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	43	35	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	36	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	43	37	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	43	38	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	43	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	43	40	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	43	41	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	43	42	ed.d	ed.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	43	43	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	1	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	44	2	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	44	3	less	less	ADV
impactinged-288	44	4	defined	define	VERB
impactinged-288	44	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	44	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	44	7	popular	popular	ADJ
impactinged-288	44	8	mind	mind	NOUN
impactinged-288	44	9	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	10	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	11	carter	carter	PROPN
impactinged-288	44	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	13	1956	1956	NUM
impactinged-288	44	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	15	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	44	16	3	3	NUM
impactinged-288	44	17	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	44	18	4	4	NUM
impactinged-288	44	19	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	44	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	45	2	her	her	PRON
impactinged-288	45	3	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	5	carter	carter	PROPN
impactinged-288	45	6	studied	study	VERB
impactinged-288	45	7	44	44	NUM
impactinged-288	45	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	9	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	45	10	conferred	confer	VERB
impactinged-288	45	11	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	45	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	45	13	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	14	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	45	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	45	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	17	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	45	18	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	45	20	she	she	PRON
impactinged-288	45	21	sought	seek	VERB
impactinged-288	45	22	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	45	23	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	45	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	45	25	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	26	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	45	27	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	45	28	aspects	aspect	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	29	including	include	VERB
impactinged-288	45	30	prerequisites	prerequisite	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	32	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	33	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	45	34	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	35	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	36	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	37	foreign	foreign	ADJ
impactinged-288	45	38	language	language	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	39	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	41	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	42	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	45	43	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	45	44	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	45	45	so	so	ADV
impactinged-288	45	46	forth	forth	ADV
impactinged-288	45	47	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	46	1	carter	carter	PROPN
impactinged-288	46	2	tellingly	tellingly	ADV
impactinged-288	46	3	cites	cite	VERB
impactinged-288	46	4	earlier	early	ADJ
impactinged-288	46	5	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	46	6	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	46	7	denote	denote	VERB
impactinged-288	46	8	historical	historical	ADJ
impactinged-288	46	9	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	46	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	1	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	47	2	example	example	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	47	5	1930	1930	NUM
impactinged-288	47	6	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	7	noted	note	VERB
impactinged-288	47	8	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	47	9	few	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	47	10	important	important	ADJ
impactinged-288	47	11	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	12	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	47	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	47	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	47	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	18	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	47	19	that	that	DET
impactinged-288	47	20	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	21	wherein	wherein	SCONJ
impactinged-288	47	22	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	24	most	most	ADV
impactinged-288	47	25	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	47	26	variations	variation	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	27	seemed	seem	VERB
impactinged-288	47	28	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	47	29	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	47	30	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	47	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	32	elimination	elimination	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	33	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	47	34	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	35	language	language	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	36	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	38	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	39	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	40	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	47	41	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	47	42	candidate	candidate	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	43	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	47	44	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	47	45	experience	experience	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	46	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	47	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	47	48	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	47	49	concept	concept	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	50	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	47	51	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	47	52	thesis	thesis	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	53	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	47	54	‘	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	55	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	47	56	organization	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	57	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	47	58	application	application	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	59	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	47	60	existing	exist	VERB
impactinged-288	47	61	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	62	’	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	63	rather	rather	ADV
impactinged-288	47	64	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	47	65	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	47	66	original	original	ADJ
impactinged-288	47	67	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	68	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	69	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	70	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	71	carter	carter	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	72	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	73	1956	1956	NUM
impactinged-288	47	74	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	75	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	47	76	36	36	NUM
impactinged-288	47	77	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	47	78	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	48	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
impactinged-288	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	48	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	48	4	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	5	denotes	denote	VERB
impactinged-288	48	6	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	48	7	walton	walton	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	8	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	9	john	john	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	48	11	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	48	12	senior	senior	ADJ
impactinged-288	48	13	specialist	specialist	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	14	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	48	15	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	48	16	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	17	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	48	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	48	19	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	20	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	21	office	office	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	22	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	48	23	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	24	completed	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	48	25	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	48	26	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	48	28	1934	1934	NUM
impactinged-288	48	29	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	48	30	included	include	VERB
impactinged-288	48	31	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	48	32	summary	summary	NOUN
impactinged-288	48	33	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	48	34	noted	note	VERB
impactinged-288	48	35	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	48	36	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	48	37	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	48	38	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	49	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	49	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	3	stressed	stress	VERB
impactinged-288	49	4	original	original	ADJ
impactinged-288	49	5	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	6	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	49	7	tended	tend	VERB
impactinged-288	49	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	49	9	go	go	VERB
impactinged-288	49	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	49	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	49	12	direction	direction	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	49	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	49	15	historical	historical	ADJ
impactinged-288	49	16	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	49	17	scientific	scientific	ADJ
impactinged-288	49	18	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	19	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	49	20	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	49	21	noting	note	VERB
impactinged-288	49	22	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	49	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	49	24	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	49	25	ed.d	ed.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	49	26	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	49	27	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
impactinged-288	49	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	49	29	solution	solution	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	30	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	49	31	problems	problem	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	32	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	49	33	well	well	ADV
impactinged-288	49	34	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	49	35	proved	prove	VERB
impactinged-288	49	36	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	37	through	through	ADP
impactinged-288	49	38	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	49	39	accentuation	accentuation	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	40	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	49	41	mastery	mastery	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	42	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	49	43	subject	subject	ADJ
impactinged-288	49	44	matters	matter	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	45	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	49	46	given	give	VERB
impactinged-288	49	47	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	49	48	…	…	PUNCT
impactinged-288	49	49	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	50	1	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	50	2	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	50	3	38	38	NUM
impactinged-288	50	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	50	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
impactinged-288	51	2	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	51	3	long	long	ADJ
impactinged-288	51	4	history	history	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	6	attempts	attempt	VERB
impactinged-288	51	7	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	51	8	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	51	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	51	10	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	51	12	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	13	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	51	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	51	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	51	16	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	51	17	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	51	18	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
impactinged-288	51	19	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	51	20	ever	ever	ADV
impactinged-288	51	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	22	since	since	SCONJ
impactinged-288	51	23	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	24	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	51	25	often	often	ADV
impactinged-288	51	26	restructuring	restructure	VERB
impactinged-288	51	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	28	merging	merge	VERB
impactinged-288	51	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	30	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	51	31	realigning	realign	VERB
impactinged-288	51	32	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	51	33	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	34	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	51	35	establish	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	51	36	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
impactinged-288	51	37	identity	identity	NOUN
impactinged-288	51	38	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	39	hochbein	hochbein	PROPN
impactinged-288	51	40	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	51	41	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	51	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	43	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	51	44	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	51	45	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	1	extensive	extensive	ADJ
impactinged-288	52	2	academic	academic	ADJ
impactinged-288	52	3	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	4	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	52	5	analyzes	analyze	VERB
impactinged-288	52	6	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	8	completion	completion	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	9	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	52	12	student	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	13	motivations	motivation	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	14	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	52	15	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	52	16	published	publish	VERB
impactinged-288	52	17	regarding	regard	VERB
impactinged-288	52	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	52	19	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	20	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	52	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	52	22	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	52	23	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	24	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	25	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	52	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	27	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	52	28	consensus	consensus	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	29	has	have	VERB
impactinged-288	52	30	yet	yet	ADV
impactinged-288	52	31	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	52	32	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	52	33	established	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	52	34	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	52	35	operationally	operationally	ADV
impactinged-288	52	36	differentiates	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	52	37	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	52	38	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	52	39	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	40	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	41	anderson	anderson	PROPN
impactinged-288	52	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	43	1983	1983	NUM
impactinged-288	52	44	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	45	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	46	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	47	1987	1987	NUM
impactinged-288	52	48	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	49	deering	deering	NOUN
impactinged-288	52	50	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	51	1998	1998	NUM
impactinged-288	52	52	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	52	53	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	53	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	53	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	53	3	absence	absence	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	53	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	53	6	clear	clear	ADJ
impactinged-288	53	7	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	53	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	53	10	academic	academic	ADJ
impactinged-288	53	11	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	53	12	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	13	community	community	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	14	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	53	15	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	53	16	failed	fail	VERB
impactinged-288	53	17	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	53	18	establish	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	53	19	any	any	DET
impactinged-288	53	20	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	21	regarding	regard	VERB
impactinged-288	53	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	53	23	purposes	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	24	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	53	25	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	53	26	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	53	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	54	1	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	54	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	54	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	54	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	54	5	review	review	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	54	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	8	handbooks	handbook	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	9	associated	associate	VERB
impactinged-288	54	10	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	54	11	ashe	ashe	PROPN
impactinged-288	54	12	highlight	highlight	PROPN
impactinged-288	54	13	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	54	14	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	54	15	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	16	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	54	17	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	54	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	54	19	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	54	20	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	54	21	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	22	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	54	24	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	54	25	others	other	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	26	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	54	27	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	54	28	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	54	29	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	54	30	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	54	31	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	54	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
impactinged-288	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	3	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	55	4	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	55	5	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	55	6	concluded	conclude	VERB
impactinged-288	55	7	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	55	8	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	55	9	major	major	ADJ
impactinged-288	55	10	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	55	11	exist	exist	VERB
impactinged-288	55	12	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	55	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	55	14	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	55	15	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	55	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	17	anderson	anderson	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	19	1983	1983	NUM
impactinged-288	55	20	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	21	baez	baez	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	23	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	55	24	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	25	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	26	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	55	27	coorough	coorough	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	29	1994	1994	NUM
impactinged-288	55	30	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	31	osguthorpe	osguthorpe	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	32	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	55	33	wong	wong	PROPN
impactinged-288	55	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	35	1994	1994	NUM
impactinged-288	55	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	55	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	56	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	56	2	confusion	confusion	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	56	4	lack	lack	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	56	6	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	7	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	56	8	incorrectly	incorrectly	ADV
impactinged-288	56	9	relegated	relegate	VERB
impactinged-288	56	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	56	11	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	56	12	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	56	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	56	14	status	status	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	56	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	56	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	18	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	56	19	lite	lite	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	56	21	perry	perry	NOUN
impactinged-288	56	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	56	23	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	56	24	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	56	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	57	1	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
impactinged-288	57	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	57	3	most	most	ADV
impactinged-288	57	4	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
impactinged-288	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	57	6	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
impactinged-288	57	7	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	57	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	57	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	57	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	57	11	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	57	12	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	57	13	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	57	14	elimination	elimination	NOUN
impactinged-288	57	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	57	16	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	57	17	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	57	18	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	57	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	57	20	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	57	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	1	although	although	SCONJ
impactinged-288	58	2	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	58	3	continues	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	58	4	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	58	5	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	58	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	58	7	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	58	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	58	9	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	58	10	leadership	leadership	NOUN
impactinged-288	58	11	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	12	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	58	13	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	58	16	original	original	ADJ
impactinged-288	58	17	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	58	18	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	58	19	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	58	20	replaced	replace	VERB
impactinged-288	58	21	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	58	22	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	58	23	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	58	24	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	58	25	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	58	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	27	basu	basu	PROPN
impactinged-288	58	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	29	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	58	30	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	58	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	59	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	59	2	administration	administration	PROPN
impactinged-288	59	3	said	say	VERB
impactinged-288	59	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	59	5	former	former	ADJ
impactinged-288	59	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	59	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	8	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	59	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	59	10	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	11	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	59	12	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	59	13	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	14	rather	rather	ADV
impactinged-288	59	15	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	59	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	59	17	practiceoriented	practiceoriente	VERB
impactinged-288	59	18	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	59	20	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	59	21	contributed	contribute	VERB
impactinged-288	59	22	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	59	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	59	24	ever	ever	ADV
impactinged-288	59	25	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	59	26	present	present	ADJ
impactinged-288	59	27	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	59	28	vs.	vs.	ADP
impactinged-288	59	29	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	30	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	59	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
impactinged-288	60	2	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	60	3	elimination	elimination	NOUN
impactinged-288	60	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	60	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	60	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	60	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	8	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	60	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	10	does	do	VERB
impactinged-288	60	11	little	little	ADJ
impactinged-288	60	12	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	60	13	clarify	clarify	VERB
impactinged-288	60	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	60	15	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	60	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	60	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	60	18	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	60	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	20	perry	perry	NOUN
impactinged-288	60	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	22	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	60	23	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	60	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	61	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	61	2	order	order	NOUN
impactinged-288	61	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	61	4	approach	approach	VERB
impactinged-288	61	5	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	61	6	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	61	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	61	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	61	9	first	first	ADJ
impactinged-288	61	10	step	step	NOUN
impactinged-288	61	11	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	61	12	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	61	13	identify	identify	VERB
impactinged-288	61	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	61	15	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	61	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	61	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	61	18	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	61	19	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	61	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	62	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	62	2	receipt	receipt	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	62	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	62	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	6	typically	typically	ADV
impactinged-288	62	7	indicates	indicate	VERB
impactinged-288	62	8	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	62	9	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	62	10	individual	individual	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	11	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	62	12	able	able	ADJ
impactinged-288	62	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	62	14	conduct	conduct	VERB
impactinged-288	62	15	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	16	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	62	17	contributes	contribute	VERB
impactinged-288	62	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	19	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	62	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	62	21	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	22	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
impactinged-288	62	23	receipt	receipt	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	24	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	62	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	62	26	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	27	indicates	indicate	VERB
impactinged-288	62	28	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	62	29	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	62	30	individual	individual	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	31	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	62	32	able	able	ADJ
impactinged-288	62	33	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	62	34	practice	practice	VERB
impactinged-288	62	35	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	62	36	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	62	37	profession	profession	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	38	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	62	39	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	62	40	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	41	needed	need	VERB
impactinged-288	62	42	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	62	43	grow	grow	VERB
impactinged-288	62	44	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	62	45	adapt	adapt	VERB
impactinged-288	62	46	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	62	47	changing	change	VERB
impactinged-288	62	48	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	49	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	62	50	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	51	foster	foster	ADJ
impactinged-288	62	52	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	53	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	54	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	55	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	62	56	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	57	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	62	58	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	59	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	62	60	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	62	61	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	62	62	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	63	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	64	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	62	65	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	62	66	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	63	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	63	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	63	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	63	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	63	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	63	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	63	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	63	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	63	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	63	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	63	11	20	20	NUM
impactinged-288	63	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	63	13	townsend	townsend	PROPN
impactinged-288	63	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	63	15	1990	1990	NUM
impactinged-288	63	16	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	63	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	1	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	2	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	64	3	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	64	4	showed	show	VERB
impactinged-288	64	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	64	6	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	64	7	four	four	NUM
impactinged-288	64	8	percent	percent	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	9	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	64	10	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	64	12	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	64	13	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	14	graduates	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	15	become	become	VERB
impactinged-288	64	16	scholars	scholar	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	17	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	64	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	64	19	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	21	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	22	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	64	23	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	64	24	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	25	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	64	26	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	28	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	64	29	that	that	DET
impactinged-288	64	30	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	31	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	64	32	said	say	VERB
impactinged-288	64	33	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	64	34	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	64	35	even	even	ADV
impactinged-288	64	36	lower	low	ADJ
impactinged-288	64	37	today	today	NOUN
impactinged-288	64	38	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	39	kendzior	kendzior	PROPN
impactinged-288	64	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	41	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	64	42	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	64	43	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	1	given	give	VERB
impactinged-288	65	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	65	3	small	small	ADJ
impactinged-288	65	4	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	65	6	graduates	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	7	entering	enter	VERB
impactinged-288	65	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	65	9	professoriate	professoriate	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	11	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	65	12	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	65	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	65	14	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	15	mismatch	mismatch	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	65	17	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	65	19	actual	actual	ADJ
impactinged-288	65	20	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	21	paths	path	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	22	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	23	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	24	shulman	shulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	65	25	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	65	26	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	65	27	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	65	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	29	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	65	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	31	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	65	32	26	26	NUM
impactinged-288	65	33	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	65	34	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	66	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	66	3	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	4	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	66	5	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	66	6	separate	separate	ADJ
impactinged-288	66	7	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	8	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	66	9	clear	clear	ADJ
impactinged-288	66	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	66	12	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	66	13	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	66	14	continually	continually	ADV
impactinged-288	66	15	hampered	hamper	VERB
impactinged-288	66	16	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	66	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	66	18	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	19	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	66	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	66	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	23	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	66	24	leads	lead	VERB
impactinged-288	66	25	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	66	26	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	66	27	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	28	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	66	29	questions	question	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	30	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	66	31	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	66	32	whether	whether	SCONJ
impactinged-288	66	33	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	66	34	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	35	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	36	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	66	37	needed	need	VERB
impactinged-288	66	38	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	39	whether	whether	SCONJ
impactinged-288	66	40	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	66	41	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	42	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	66	43	needed	need	VERB
impactinged-288	66	44	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	45	whether	whether	SCONJ
impactinged-288	66	46	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	66	47	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	66	48	need	need	VERB
impactinged-288	66	49	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	66	50	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	66	51	redesigned	redesign	VERB
impactinged-288	66	52	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	66	53	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	66	54	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	66	55	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	66	56	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	66	57	should	should	AUX
impactinged-288	66	58	look	look	VERB
impactinged-288	66	59	like	like	ADP
impactinged-288	66	60	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	67	1	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
impactinged-288	67	2	framework	framework	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	3	several	several	ADJ
impactinged-288	67	4	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	67	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	7	appear	appear	VERB
impactinged-288	67	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	67	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	67	10	literature	literature	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	11	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	67	12	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	67	13	relate	relate	VERB
impactinged-288	67	14	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	67	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	67	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	67	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	67	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	67	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	67	21	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	67	22	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	67	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	68	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	68	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	68	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	68	4	are	be	VERB
impactinged-288	68	5	five	five	NUM
impactinged-288	68	6	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	68	7	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	68	8	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	68	9	commonly	commonly	ADV
impactinged-288	68	10	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
impactinged-288	68	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	68	12	comparing	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	68	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	68	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	68	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	68	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	68	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	68	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	1	those	those	DET
impactinged-288	69	2	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	3	include	include	VERB
impactinged-288	69	4	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	5	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	6	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	7	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	69	8	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	10	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	11	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	12	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	69	13	degree	degree	VERB
impactinged-288	69	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	15	culminating	culminate	VERB
impactinged-288	69	16	experience	experience	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	17	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	19	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	20	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	69	21	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	22	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	69	24	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	69	25	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	26	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	69	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	70	1	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	70	2	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	70	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	70	4	those	those	DET
impactinged-288	70	5	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	70	6	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	70	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	70	8	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	70	9	commonly	commonly	ADV
impactinged-288	70	10	overlap	overlap	VERB
impactinged-288	70	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	70	12	thus	thus	ADV
impactinged-288	70	13	challenging	challenge	VERB
impactinged-288	70	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	70	15	definition	definition	NOUN
impactinged-288	70	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	70	17	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	70	18	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	70	19	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	70	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	70	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	70	22	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	70	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	1	figure	figure	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	2	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	71	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	4	concept	concept	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	5	framework	framework	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	6	overlapping	overlap	VERB
impactinged-288	71	7	components	component	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	71	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	71	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	12	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	13	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	71	14	contribute	contribute	VERB
impactinged-288	71	15	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	71	16	conflation	conflation	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	17	surveys	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	71	19	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	71	20	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	21	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	22	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	71	23	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	71	24	conducted	conduct	VERB
impactinged-288	71	25	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
impactinged-288	71	26	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	71	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	71	28	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	29	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	71	30	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	71	31	effort	effort	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	32	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	71	33	identify	identify	VERB
impactinged-288	71	34	similarities	similarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	35	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	36	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	37	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	71	38	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	71	39	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	40	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	41	anderson	anderson	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	43	1983	1983	NUM
impactinged-288	71	44	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	45	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	71	46	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	47	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	48	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	49	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	71	50	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	51	dressel	dressel	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	52	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	53	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	54	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	55	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	71	56	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	57	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	58	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	59	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	71	60	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	61	hyle	hyle	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	62	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	63	goodchild	goodchild	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	64	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	65	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	71	66	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	67	osguthorpe	osguthorpe	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	68	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	71	69	wong	wong	PROPN
impactinged-288	71	70	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	71	1993	1993	NUM
impactinged-288	71	72	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	71	73	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	72	1	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	72	2	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	72	3	extensive	extensive	ADJ
impactinged-288	72	4	investigation	investigation	NOUN
impactinged-288	72	5	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	72	6	suggested	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	72	7	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	72	8	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	72	9	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	72	10	limited	limited	ADJ
impactinged-288	72	11	operational	operational	ADJ
impactinged-288	72	12	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	72	13	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	72	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	72	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	72	16	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	72	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	72	18	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	72	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	72	20	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	72	21	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	72	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	73	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	73	2	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	73	3	cases	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	73	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	73	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	73	6	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	73	7	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	73	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	73	9	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	73	10	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	73	11	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	73	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	73	13	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	73	14	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	73	15	negligible	negligible	ADJ
impactinged-288	73	16	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	1	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	74	2	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	3	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	74	4	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	74	5	relatively	relatively	ADV
impactinged-288	74	6	stable	stable	ADJ
impactinged-288	74	7	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	74	8	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	10	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	74	11	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	74	12	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	13	being	be	AUX
impactinged-288	74	14	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	74	15	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	74	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	74	17	last	last	ADJ
impactinged-288	74	18	40	40	NUM
impactinged-288	74	19	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	21	anderson	anderson	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	23	1983	1983	NUM
impactinged-288	74	24	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	25	courtenay	courtenay	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	27	1988	1988	NUM
impactinged-288	74	28	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	29	cross	cross	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	30	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	74	31	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	33	1986	1986	NUM
impactinged-288	74	34	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	35	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	36	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	74	37	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	38	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	39	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	74	40	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	41	deering	deering	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	43	1998	1998	NUM
impactinged-288	74	44	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	45	dressel	dressel	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	46	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	74	47	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
impactinged-288	74	48	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	49	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	74	50	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	51	perry	perry	NOUN
impactinged-288	74	52	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	53	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	74	54	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	74	55	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	75	2	lack	lack	NOUN
impactinged-288	75	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	75	4	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	75	5	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	75	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	75	7	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	75	8	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	75	9	led	lead	VERB
impactinged-288	75	10	some	some	PRON
impactinged-288	75	11	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	75	12	question	question	VERB
impactinged-288	75	13	why	why	SCONJ
impactinged-288	75	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	75	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	75	16	exists	exist	VERB
impactinged-288	75	17	if	if	SCONJ
impactinged-288	75	18	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	75	19	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	75	20	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	75	21	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	75	22	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	75	23	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	75	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	75	25	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	75	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	27	deering	deering	PROPN
impactinged-288	75	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	29	1998	1998	NUM
impactinged-288	75	30	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	31	levine	levine	PROPN
impactinged-288	75	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	33	2005	2005	NUM
impactinged-288	75	34	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	75	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
impactinged-288	76	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	76	3	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	4	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	76	5	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	76	6	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	76	7	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	76	9	prepare	prepare	VERB
impactinged-288	76	10	individuals	individual	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	11	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	76	12	unique	unique	ADJ
impactinged-288	76	13	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	76	14	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	16	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	17	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	76	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	76	19	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	21	consistently	consistently	ADV
impactinged-288	76	22	reveal	reveal	VERB
impactinged-288	76	23	minimal	minimal	ADJ
impactinged-288	76	24	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	25	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	76	26	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	27	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	29	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	30	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	32	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	76	33	entry	entry	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	34	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	76	35	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	36	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	37	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	38	baez	baez	NOUN
impactinged-288	76	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	40	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	76	41	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	42	hyle	hyle	PROPN
impactinged-288	76	43	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	76	44	goodchild	goodchild	PROPN
impactinged-288	76	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	46	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	76	47	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	76	48	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	77	1	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	77	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	3	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	77	4	vary	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	77	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	77	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	77	7	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	77	9	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	77	10	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	11	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	77	13	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	14	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	77	15	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	77	17	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	77	18	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	19	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	77	21	types	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	22	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	77	23	required	required	ADJ
impactinged-288	77	24	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	77	26	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	27	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	77	29	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	77	30	culminating	culminate	VERB
impactinged-288	77	31	experience	experience	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	32	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	77	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	78	1	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	78	2	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	3	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	78	4	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	78	5	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	78	6	regularly	regularly	ADV
impactinged-288	78	7	studied	study	VERB
impactinged-288	78	8	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	78	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	78	10	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	78	11	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	12	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	78	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	78	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	78	15	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	78	16	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	78	18	overall	overall	ADJ
impactinged-288	78	19	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	78	21	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	22	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	78	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	79	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	79	2	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	79	3	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	79	5	47	47	NUM
impactinged-288	79	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	79	8	hyle	hyle	PROPN
impactinged-288	79	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	79	10	goodchild	goodchild	PROPN
impactinged-288	79	11	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	79	12	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	79	13	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	79	14	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	79	15	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	79	16	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	18	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	79	19	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	79	20	slightly	slightly	ADV
impactinged-288	79	21	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	79	22	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	23	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	79	24	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	79	25	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	79	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	1	keim	keim	PROPN
impactinged-288	80	2	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	3	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	80	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	5	corroborates	corroborate	VERB
impactinged-288	80	6	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	80	7	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	80	9	reporting	report	VERB
impactinged-288	80	10	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	80	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	12	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	13	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	80	14	71	71	NUM
impactinged-288	80	15	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	17	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	80	18	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	80	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	20	beyond	beyond	ADP
impactinged-288	80	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	80	22	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	23	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	80	24	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	80	26	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	80	27	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	80	28	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	29	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	80	30	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	80	31	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	32	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	80	33	62.5	62.5	NUM
impactinged-288	80	34	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	35	beyond	beyond	ADP
impactinged-288	80	36	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	80	37	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	38	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	80	39	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	80	40	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	81	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	81	2	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	81	4	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	81	6	keim	keim	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	7	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	81	8	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	9	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	81	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	81	11	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	12	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	81	13	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	81	14	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	81	15	few	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	81	16	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	81	17	43	43	NUM
impactinged-288	81	18	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	19	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	81	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	22	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	23	requiring	require	VERB
impactinged-288	81	24	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	81	25	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	81	26	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	81	27	93	93	NUM
impactinged-288	81	28	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	81	29	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	82	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	82	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	82	4	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	82	6	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	82	7	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	8	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	9	beyond	beyond	ADP
impactinged-288	82	10	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	82	11	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	12	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	82	13	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	82	14	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	15	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	82	16	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	17	do	do	AUX
impactinged-288	82	18	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	82	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	82	20	should	should	AUX
impactinged-288	82	21	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	82	22	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
impactinged-288	82	23	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	82	24	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	82	25	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	82	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	82	27	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	82	28	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	82	29	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	82	30	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	82	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	83	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	83	2	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	83	3	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	83	5	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	83	6	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	7	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	8	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	83	9	common	common	ADJ
impactinged-288	83	10	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	83	11	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	83	13	martinez	martinez	PROPN
impactinged-288	83	14	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	83	15	lebron	lebron	PROPN
impactinged-288	83	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	83	17	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	83	18	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	83	19	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	83	20	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	83	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	83	22	total	total	ADJ
impactinged-288	83	23	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	24	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	25	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	83	26	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	83	27	slightly	slightly	ADV
impactinged-288	83	28	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	83	29	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	83	30	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	31	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	32	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	83	33	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	83	34	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	83	35	total	total	ADJ
impactinged-288	83	36	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	37	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	83	38	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	83	39	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	83	40	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	83	41	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	83	42	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	83	43	them	they	PRON
impactinged-288	83	44	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	84	1	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	84	2	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	84	4	investigation	investigation	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	5	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	84	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	84	7	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	8	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	84	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	84	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	84	11	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	84	13	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	84	15	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	84	16	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	17	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	84	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	85	1	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	85	3	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	85	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	85	5	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	85	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	85	7	argued	argue	VERB
impactinged-288	85	8	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	85	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	85	10	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	11	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	85	12	teach	teach	VERB
impactinged-288	85	13	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	14	collection	collection	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	15	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	16	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
impactinged-288	85	17	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	85	18	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	19	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	85	20	opposed	oppose	VERB
impactinged-288	85	21	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	85	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	85	23	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	24	taught	teach	VERB
impactinged-288	85	25	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	85	26	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	85	28	thus	thus	ADV
impactinged-288	85	29	indicating	indicate	VERB
impactinged-288	85	30	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	85	31	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	32	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	85	33	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	85	34	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	35	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	85	36	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	86	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	86	2	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	86	3	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	86	4	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	86	5	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	86	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	86	7	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	86	8	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	86	10	total	total	ADJ
impactinged-288	86	11	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	86	13	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	86	14	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	15	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	86	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	86	18	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	86	19	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	86	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	86	22	same	same	ADJ
impactinged-288	86	23	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	86	24	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	86	25	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	86	26	said	say	VERB
impactinged-288	86	27	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	86	28	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	29	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	86	30	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	86	32	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	86	33	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	34	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	86	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	87	1	martinez	martinez	PROPN
impactinged-288	87	2	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	87	3	lebron	lebron	PROPN
impactinged-288	87	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	87	5	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	87	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	87	7	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	87	8	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	87	9	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	87	11	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	12	credits	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	14	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	87	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	87	16	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	87	17	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	87	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	87	20	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	87	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	22	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	23	averaged	average	VERB
impactinged-288	87	24	12.6	12.6	NUM
impactinged-288	87	25	credits	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	26	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	87	27	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	87	28	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	29	averaged	average	VERB
impactinged-288	87	30	7.9	7.9	NUM
impactinged-288	87	31	credits	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	87	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
impactinged-288	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	88	4	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	88	5	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	88	6	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	88	8	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	88	9	finding	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	11	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	88	12	keim	keim	X
impactinged-288	88	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	14	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	88	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	16	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	88	17	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	88	18	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	88	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	20	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	21	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	88	22	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	88	23	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	24	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	25	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	88	26	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	88	27	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	88	28	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	88	29	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	88	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	88	32	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	88	33	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	88	34	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	88	35	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	88	36	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	89	1	instead	instead	ADV
impactinged-288	89	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	89	3	keim	keim	X
impactinged-288	89	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	89	5	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	89	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	89	7	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	89	8	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	89	9	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	10	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	11	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	89	12	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	89	13	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	89	15	4.8	4.8	NUM
impactinged-288	89	16	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	17	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	18	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	89	19	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	89	20	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	89	21	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	22	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	89	23	4.5	4.5	NUM
impactinged-288	89	24	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	89	25	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	89	26	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	89	28	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	89	29	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	89	30	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	89	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	89	32	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	89	33	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	34	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	89	35	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	89	36	same	same	ADJ
impactinged-288	89	37	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	89	38	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	89	39	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	90	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	90	2	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	90	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	90	4	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	90	5	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	90	6	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	90	7	historically	historically	ADV
impactinged-288	90	8	had	have	VERB
impactinged-288	90	9	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	90	10	entry	entry	NOUN
impactinged-288	90	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	90	12	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	90	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	90	14	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	90	15	hyle	hyle	PROPN
impactinged-288	90	16	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	90	17	goodchild	goodchild	PROPN
impactinged-288	90	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	90	19	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	90	20	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	90	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	91	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	91	2	gpa	gpa	PROPN
impactinged-288	91	3	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	4	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	91	5	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	6	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	91	7	generally	generally	ADV
impactinged-288	91	8	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	91	9	now	now	ADV
impactinged-288	91	10	than	than	SCONJ
impactinged-288	91	11	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	91	12	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	91	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	91	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	91	15	past	past	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	91	17	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	91	18	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	91	19	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	91	20	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	91	21	general	general	ADJ
impactinged-288	91	22	expectation	expectation	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	23	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	91	24	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	91	25	3.0	3.0	NUM
impactinged-288	91	26	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	91	27	3.5	3.5	NUM
impactinged-288	91	28	gpa	gpa	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	29	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	91	30	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	91	31	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	32	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	91	33	well	well	ADV
impactinged-288	91	34	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	91	35	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	91	36	standardized	standardized	ADJ
impactinged-288	91	37	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	38	exam	exam	NOUN
impactinged-288	91	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	91	40	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	91	41	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	91	42	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	91	43	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	91	44	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	91	45	keim	keim	PROPN
impactinged-288	91	46	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	91	47	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	91	48	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	92	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	92	2	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	92	3	1986	1986	NUM
impactinged-288	92	4	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	92	6	crosson	crosson	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	92	8	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	92	9	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	92	10	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	92	11	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	92	12	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	92	14	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	15	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	92	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	92	19	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	92	20	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	92	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	93	1	twenty	twenty	NUM
impactinged-288	93	2	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	93	3	five	five	NUM
impactinged-288	93	4	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	93	5	later	later	ADV
impactinged-288	93	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	93	7	keim	keim	X
impactinged-288	93	8	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	93	9	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	93	10	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	93	11	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	93	12	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	93	13	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	93	14	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	93	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	93	16	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	93	17	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	93	18	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	93	19	just	just	ADV
impactinged-288	93	20	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	93	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	93	22	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	93	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	94	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	94	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	94	3	he	he	PRON
impactinged-288	94	4	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	94	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	94	6	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	94	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	8	sought	seek	VERB
impactinged-288	94	9	applicants	applicant	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	10	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	94	11	five	five	NUM
impactinged-288	94	12	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	94	13	ten	ten	NUM
impactinged-288	94	14	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	94	16	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	94	17	experience	experience	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	18	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	94	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	94	20	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	94	22	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	94	23	does	do	AUX
impactinged-288	94	24	indicate	indicate	VERB
impactinged-288	94	25	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	94	26	slight	slight	ADJ
impactinged-288	94	27	shift	shift	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	28	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	94	29	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	94	30	goal	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	94	32	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	94	33	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	34	towards	towards	ADP
impactinged-288	94	35	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	94	36	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	94	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	95	1	past	past	ADJ
impactinged-288	95	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	3	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	95	4	shown	show	VERB
impactinged-288	95	5	very	very	ADV
impactinged-288	95	6	little	little	ADJ
impactinged-288	95	7	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	8	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	95	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	95	10	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	95	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	95	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	95	13	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	14	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	95	16	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	95	17	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	18	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	95	19	almost	almost	ADV
impactinged-288	95	20	every	every	PRON
impactinged-288	95	21	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	22	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	95	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	95	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	96	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	96	2	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	3	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	96	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	96	5	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	6	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	96	7	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	96	8	noted	note	VERB
impactinged-288	96	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	96	10	prior	prior	ADJ
impactinged-288	96	11	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	96	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	96	14	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	15	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	96	16	yet	yet	ADV
impactinged-288	96	17	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	96	18	show	show	VERB
impactinged-288	96	19	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	20	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	96	21	clearly	clearly	ADV
impactinged-288	96	22	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	96	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	96	24	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	96	25	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	26	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	96	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	96	28	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	96	29	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	97	1	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	97	2	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	97	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	97	4	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	97	5	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	97	6	overlap	overlap	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	97	8	contention	contention	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	9	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	97	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	97	11	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	97	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	97	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	97	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	97	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	97	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	97	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	97	21	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	97	22	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	97	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	98	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	98	2	lack	lack	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	98	4	clarity	clarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	5	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	98	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	98	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	98	8	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	10	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	98	11	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	98	12	leaves	leave	VERB
impactinged-288	98	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	98	14	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	15	conflicted	conflict	VERB
impactinged-288	98	16	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	98	17	which	which	DET
impactinged-288	98	18	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	19	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	98	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	98	21	best	good	ADJ
impactinged-288	98	22	option	option	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	23	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	98	24	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	98	25	future	future	ADJ
impactinged-288	98	26	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	27	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	98	28	gives	give	VERB
impactinged-288	98	29	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	30	administrators	administrator	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	31	little	little	ADJ
impactinged-288	98	32	guidance	guidance	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	33	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	98	34	administering	administer	VERB
impactinged-288	98	35	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	98	36	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	98	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	99	1	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	99	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	99	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	99	4	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	99	5	phd	phd	PROPN
impactinged-288	99	6	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	99	7	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	99	8	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	99	9	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	99	10	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	99	11	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	99	12	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	99	13	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	99	14	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	99	15	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	99	16	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	99	17	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	100	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	100	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	100	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	100	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	100	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	100	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	100	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	100	11	21	21	NUM
impactinged-288	100	12	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	100	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	100	15	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	100	16	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	100	18	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	19	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	100	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	100	21	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	100	22	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	100	23	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	100	24	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	100	25	-	-	NUM
impactinged-288	100	26	fold	fold	ADJ
impactinged-288	100	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	101	1	first	first	ADV
impactinged-288	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	101	3	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	101	4	aim	aim	VERB
impactinged-288	101	5	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	101	6	update	update	VERB
impactinged-288	101	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	101	8	literature	literature	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	9	base	base	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	10	regarding	regard	VERB
impactinged-288	101	11	progress	progress	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	12	toward	toward	ADP
impactinged-288	101	13	operationally	operationally	ADV
impactinged-288	101	14	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	101	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	101	16	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	101	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	101	19	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	20	paths	path	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	21	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	101	22	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	101	23	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	101	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	102	1	second	second	ADJ
impactinged-288	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	102	3	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	102	4	aim	aim	VERB
impactinged-288	102	5	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	102	6	establish	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	102	7	methodological	methodological	ADJ
impactinged-288	102	8	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	9	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	102	10	relies	rely	VERB
impactinged-288	102	11	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	102	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	102	13	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	102	15	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	102	16	up	up	ADP
impactinged-288	102	17	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	102	18	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	102	19	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	102	20	date	date	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	21	secondary	secondary	ADJ
impactinged-288	102	22	database	database	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	23	rather	rather	ADV
impactinged-288	102	24	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	102	25	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	102	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	102	27	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	28	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	102	29	individual	individual	ADJ
impactinged-288	102	30	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	31	’	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	102	32	sampling	sample	VERB
impactinged-288	102	33	plans	plan	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	34	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	102	35	improve	improve	VERB
impactinged-288	102	36	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	37	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	102	38	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	39	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	102	40	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	102	41	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	1	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	103	2	aim	aim	VERB
impactinged-288	103	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	103	4	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
impactinged-288	103	5	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	103	6	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	7	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	103	8	continuing	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	103	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	103	10	line	line	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	103	12	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	13	into	into	ADP
impactinged-288	103	14	operational	operational	ADJ
impactinged-288	103	15	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	16	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	103	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	103	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	103	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	103	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	21	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	22	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	103	23	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	103	24	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	26	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	103	27	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	103	28	focus	focus	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	29	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	103	30	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	31	1	1	X
impactinged-288	103	32	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	33	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	34	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	35	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	103	36	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	37	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	38	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	39	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	40	2	2	NUM
impactinged-288	103	41	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	42	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	43	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	44	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	46	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	47	3	3	X
impactinged-288	103	48	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	49	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	50	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	103	51	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	52	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	53	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	54	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	55	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	103	56	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	57	4	4	X
impactinged-288	103	58	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	103	59	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	60	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	61	offerings	offering	NOUN
impactinged-288	103	62	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	3	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	104	4	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	5	aims	aim	VERB
impactinged-288	104	6	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	104	7	address	address	VERB
impactinged-288	104	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	104	9	following	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	104	10	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	11	questions	question	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	12	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	14	1	1	X
impactinged-288	104	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	16	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	104	17	do	do	AUX
impactinged-288	104	18	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	104	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	104	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	104	22	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	23	compare	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	104	24	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	104	25	prior	prior	ADJ
impactinged-288	104	26	assessments	assessment	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	104	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	104	29	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	30	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	104	31	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	32	2	2	X
impactinged-288	104	33	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	104	34	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	104	35	progress	progress	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	36	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	104	37	made	make	VERB
impactinged-288	104	38	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	104	39	prior	prior	ADJ
impactinged-288	104	40	calls	call	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	41	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	104	42	delineate	delineate	VERB
impactinged-288	104	43	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	104	44	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	104	45	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	46	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	104	47	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	105	1	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	105	2	continue	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	105	3	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	105	4	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	105	6	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	105	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
impactinged-288	105	8	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	105	9	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	10	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	105	11	looked	look	VERB
impactinged-288	105	12	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	105	13	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	14	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
impactinged-288	105	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	105	16	prior	prior	ADJ
impactinged-288	105	17	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	18	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	105	19	determine	determine	VERB
impactinged-288	105	20	if	if	SCONJ
impactinged-288	105	21	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	105	22	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	105	23	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	24	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	105	25	made	make	VERB
impactinged-288	105	26	any	any	DET
impactinged-288	105	27	advancements	advancement	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	28	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	105	29	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
impactinged-288	105	30	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	105	31	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	105	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	106	1	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	2	historically	historically	ADV
impactinged-288	106	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	106	4	investigations	investigation	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	5	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	106	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	106	7	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	106	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	106	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	106	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	12	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	13	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	106	14	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	106	15	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	106	16	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	106	17	disparate	disparate	ADJ
impactinged-288	106	18	sampling	sampling	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	19	plans	plan	NOUN
impactinged-288	106	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	1	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	107	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	107	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	4	samples	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	5	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	107	6	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	107	7	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	8	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	107	9	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	107	10	relatively	relatively	ADV
impactinged-288	107	11	small	small	ADJ
impactinged-288	107	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	13	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	107	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	15	40	40	NUM
impactinged-288	107	16	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	107	17	60	60	NUM
impactinged-288	107	18	cases	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	19	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	21	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	107	22	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	107	23	unclear	unclear	ADJ
impactinged-288	107	24	search	search	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	25	criteria	criterion	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	26	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	107	27	case	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	28	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
impactinged-288	107	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	107	30	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	107	31	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	107	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	108	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	108	2	random	random	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	3	samples	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	108	5	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	6	cases	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	7	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	108	8	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	108	9	relatively	relatively	ADV
impactinged-288	108	10	large	large	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	11	population	population	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	12	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	108	13	commonly	commonly	ADV
impactinged-288	108	14	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	108	15	good	good	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	16	thing	thing	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	17	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	108	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	108	19	social	social	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	108	21	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	22	sciences	science	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	23	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	108	24	establishing	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	108	25	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	108	26	sampling	sample	VERB
impactinged-288	108	27	distribution	distribution	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	108	29	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	108	30	makes	make	VERB
impactinged-288	108	31	little	little	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	32	sense	sense	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	33	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	108	34	conveniently	conveniently	ADV
impactinged-288	108	35	sample	sample	VERB
impactinged-288	108	36	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	108	37	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	108	38	small	small	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	39	population	population	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	40	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	108	41	all	all	ADV
impactinged-288	108	42	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	108	43	most	most	ADV
impactinged-288	108	44	potential	potential	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	45	respondents	respondent	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	46	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	108	47	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	108	48	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	108	49	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	50	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	51	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	108	52	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	108	53	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	108	54	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	108	55	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	108	56	known	know	VERB
impactinged-288	108	57	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	109	1	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	109	2	improve	improve	VERB
impactinged-288	109	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	109	4	methodological	methodological	ADJ
impactinged-288	109	5	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	109	7	sampling	sample	VERB
impactinged-288	109	8	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	109	9	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	109	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
impactinged-288	109	11	consistency	consistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	12	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	109	13	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	109	14	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	15	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	109	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	109	17	next	next	ADJ
impactinged-288	109	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	109	19	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	109	20	advocate	advocate	VERB
impactinged-288	109	21	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	109	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	109	23	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	109	24	selected	select	VERB
impactinged-288	109	25	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	109	26	use	use	VERB
impactinged-288	109	27	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	109	28	up	up	ADP
impactinged-288	109	29	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	109	30	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	109	31	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	109	32	date	date	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	33	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	109	34	secondary	secondary	ADJ
impactinged-288	109	35	dataset	dataset	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	36	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	109	37	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	38	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	109	39	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	109	40	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	109	41	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	110	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	110	2	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	3	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	110	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	110	5	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	110	7	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	110	8	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	9	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	110	10	ashe	ashe	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	11	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	110	12	maintains	maintain	VERB
impactinged-288	110	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	110	14	database	database	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	110	16	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	110	17	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	18	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	110	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	110	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	110	21	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	110	22	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	110	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	111	1	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	111	2	database	database	NOUN
impactinged-288	111	3	includes	include	VERB
impactinged-288	111	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	111	5	list	list	NOUN
impactinged-288	111	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	111	7	240	240	NUM
impactinged-288	111	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	111	9	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	111	10	varying	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	111	11	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	111	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	111	13	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	111	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	111	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	112	1	given	give	VERB
impactinged-288	112	2	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	112	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	112	4	focus	focus	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	112	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	112	7	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	112	8	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	9	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	112	10	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	112	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	112	12	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	112	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	112	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	112	16	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	18	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	112	19	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	112	20	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	112	22	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	112	23	excluded	exclude	VERB
impactinged-288	112	24	master’sonly	master’sonly	ADJ
impactinged-288	112	25	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	26	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	112	27	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	112	28	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	112	29	profit	profit	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	30	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	31	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	112	32	well	well	ADV
impactinged-288	112	33	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	112	34	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	35	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	112	36	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	112	37	leadership	leadership	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	38	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	112	39	leadership	leadership	NOUN
impactinged-288	112	40	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	113	1	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	113	2	hundred	hundred	NUM
impactinged-288	113	3	eighty	eighty	NUM
impactinged-288	113	4	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	113	5	eight	eight	NUM
impactinged-288	113	6	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	113	7	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	113	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	113	9	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	113	10	145	145	NUM
impactinged-288	113	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	113	12	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	113	13	included	include	VERB
impactinged-288	113	14	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	113	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	113	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	113	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	114	1	coding	coding	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	114	3	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	4	collection	collection	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	5	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	114	6	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	114	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	114	8	ashe	ashe	PROPN
impactinged-288	114	9	database	database	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	114	11	first	first	ADV
impactinged-288	114	12	retrieve	retrieve	VERB
impactinged-288	114	13	basic	basic	ADJ
impactinged-288	114	14	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	15	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	114	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	114	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	18	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	114	19	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	114	20	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	114	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	114	22	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	114	23	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	24	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	114	25	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	114	26	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	27	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	114	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	114	29	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	114	30	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	114	31	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	114	32	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	114	33	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	114	34	situated	situate	VERB
impactinged-288	114	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	115	1	next	next	ADV
impactinged-288	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	115	3	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	115	4	developed	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	115	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	115	6	coding	code	VERB
impactinged-288	115	7	protocol	protocol	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	8	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	115	9	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	115	10	used	use	VERB
impactinged-288	115	11	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	115	12	record	record	VERB
impactinged-288	115	13	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	14	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	115	15	each	each	PRON
impactinged-288	115	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	115	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	115	18	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	19	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	115	20	readily	readily	ADV
impactinged-288	115	21	available	available	ADJ
impactinged-288	115	22	materials	material	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	23	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	115	24	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	25	websites	website	NOUN
impactinged-288	115	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	116	2	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	3	collected	collect	VERB
impactinged-288	116	4	comprised	comprise	VERB
impactinged-288	116	5	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	6	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	116	8	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	10	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	116	11	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	116	12	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
impactinged-288	116	13	exam	exam	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	16	gre	gre	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	17	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	116	18	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	116	19	testing	testing	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	22	culminating	culminate	VERB
impactinged-288	116	23	experience	experience	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	26	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	27	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	29	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	30	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	116	33	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	116	34	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	35	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	116	36	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	116	37	institution	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	116	38	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	1	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	117	2	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	117	3	important	important	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	4	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	117	5	recognize	recognize	VERB
impactinged-288	117	6	that	that	DET
impactinged-288	117	7	content	content	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	8	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	117	9	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	10	collections	collection	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	11	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	117	12	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	117	13	unreliable	unreliable	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	15	especially	especially	ADV
impactinged-288	117	16	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	117	17	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	18	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	117	19	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	20	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	117	21	change	change	VERB
impactinged-288	117	22	fluidly	fluidly	ADV
impactinged-288	117	23	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	24	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	117	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	26	changing	change	VERB
impactinged-288	117	27	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	28	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	29	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	30	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	31	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	117	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	33	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	117	34	collection	collection	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	35	method	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	36	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	117	37	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	117	38	timely	timely	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	39	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	40	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	117	41	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	117	42	serve	serve	VERB
impactinged-288	117	43	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	117	44	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	117	45	point	point	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	46	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	117	47	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	48	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	117	49	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	50	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	117	51	future	future	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	52	website	website	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	53	analyses	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	54	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	117	55	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	56	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	57	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	117	58	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	117	59	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	117	60	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	61	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	117	62	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	63	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	117	64	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	65	jensen	jensen	PROPN
impactinged-288	117	66	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	67	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	117	68	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	117	69	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	118	1	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	118	4	analyze	analyze	VERB
impactinged-288	118	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	118	6	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	7	collected	collect	VERB
impactinged-288	118	8	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	118	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	118	10	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	118	11	search	search	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	118	13	coding	code	VERB
impactinged-288	118	14	phase	phase	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	118	16	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	118	17	statistical	statistical	ADJ
impactinged-288	118	18	techniques	technique	NOUN
impactinged-288	118	19	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	118	20	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	118	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	119	1	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	119	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
impactinged-288	119	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	119	4	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
impactinged-288	119	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	6	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	119	7	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	119	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	119	9	describe	describe	VERB
impactinged-288	119	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	119	11	nature	nature	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	119	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	119	14	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	15	components	component	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	119	17	including	include	VERB
impactinged-288	119	18	measures	measure	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	19	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	119	20	central	central	ADJ
impactinged-288	119	21	tendency	tendency	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	119	23	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
impactinged-288	119	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	120	1	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	2	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	120	3	tests	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	4	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	120	5	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	120	6	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	120	7	examine	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	120	8	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	120	10	continuous	continuous	ADJ
impactinged-288	120	11	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	12	components	component	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	120	14	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	120	16	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	120	17	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	18	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	19	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	120	20	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	120	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	120	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	120	23	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	24	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	120	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	1	finally	finally	ADV
impactinged-288	121	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	3	chi	chi	ADJ
impactinged-288	121	4	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	5	square	square	ADJ
impactinged-288	121	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	121	7	phicorrelations	phicorrelation	NOUN
impactinged-288	121	8	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	121	9	utilized	utilize	VERB
impactinged-288	121	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	121	11	examine	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	121	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	121	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
impactinged-288	121	14	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	121	15	dichotomous	dichotomous	ADJ
impactinged-288	121	16	variables	variable	NOUN
impactinged-288	121	17	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	18	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	121	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	20	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	121	21	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	121	22	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	121	23	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	121	24	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	121	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	122	1	prior	prior	ADV
impactinged-288	122	2	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	122	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	122	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	122	5	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
impactinged-288	122	6	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	122	7	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	122	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	122	9	chosen	choose	VERB
impactinged-288	122	10	statistical	statistical	ADJ
impactinged-288	122	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	122	12	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	122	13	checked	check	VERB
impactinged-288	122	14	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	123	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	123	2	data	datum	NOUN
impactinged-288	123	3	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	123	4	met	meet	VERB
impactinged-288	123	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	123	6	assumption	assumption	NOUN
impactinged-288	123	7	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	123	8	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
impactinged-288	123	9	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	123	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	123	11	statistic	statistic	NOUN
impactinged-288	123	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	123	13	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	123	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	123	15	equal	equal	ADJ
impactinged-288	123	16	variances	variance	NOUN
impactinged-288	123	17	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	123	18	assumed	assume	VERB
impactinged-288	123	19	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	123	20	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	123	21	made	make	VERB
impactinged-288	123	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	124	1	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	2	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	3	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	124	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	124	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	124	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	8	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	124	10	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	11	highlight	highlight	VERB
impactinged-288	124	12	important	important	ADJ
impactinged-288	124	13	trends	trend	NOUN
impactinged-288	124	14	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	124	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	124	16	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	124	17	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	124	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	125	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	125	2	following	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	125	3	sections	section	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	4	report	report	VERB
impactinged-288	125	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	125	6	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
impactinged-288	125	7	statistics	statistic	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	8	concerning	concern	VERB
impactinged-288	125	9	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	10	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	12	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	125	14	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	15	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	16	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	125	18	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	19	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	125	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	23	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	24	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	25	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	26	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	125	28	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	125	29	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	30	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	31	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	32	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	33	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	125	34	along	along	ADP
impactinged-288	125	35	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	125	36	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	125	37	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	38	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	125	39	inferential	inferential	ADJ
impactinged-288	125	40	tests	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	41	examining	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	125	42	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	125	43	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	44	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	125	45	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	46	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	47	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	125	48	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	49	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	50	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	125	51	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	52	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	125	53	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	54	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	125	55	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	125	56	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	125	57	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	58	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	125	59	well	well	ADV
impactinged-288	125	60	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	125	61	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	125	62	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	125	63	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	125	64	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	125	65	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	125	66	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	125	67	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	125	68	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	125	69	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	1	program	program	VERB
impactinged-288	126	2	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	126	3	majority	majority	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	126	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	126	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	7	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	126	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	126	9	145	145	NUM
impactinged-288	126	10	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	126	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	12	designated	designate	VERB
impactinged-288	126	13	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	126	14	maintaining	maintain	VERB
impactinged-288	126	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	126	16	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	126	17	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	18	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	126	19	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	126	20	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	21	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	126	22	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	126	23	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	126	24	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	25	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	26	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	27	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	126	28	56	56	NUM
impactinged-288	126	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	30	38.6	38.6	NUM
impactinged-288	126	31	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	32	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	33	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	34	followed	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	126	35	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	126	36	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	126	37	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	126	38	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	126	39	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	126	40	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	126	41	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	42	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	43	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	126	44	46	46	NUM
impactinged-288	126	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	46	31.7	31.7	NUM
impactinged-288	126	47	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	48	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	49	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	50	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	126	51	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	126	52	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	126	53	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	126	54	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	126	55	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	56	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	126	57	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	126	58	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	126	59	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	60	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	61	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	126	62	43	43	NUM
impactinged-288	126	63	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	64	29.7	29.7	NUM
impactinged-288	126	65	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	126	66	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	126	67	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	127	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	127	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	127	3	context	context	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	127	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	127	6	history	history	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	127	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	127	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	127	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	127	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	127	13	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	127	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	127	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	127	17	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	127	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	20	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	127	21	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	127	22	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	23	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	127	24	steadily	steadily	ADV
impactinged-288	127	25	declined	decline	VERB
impactinged-288	127	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	127	27	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	127	28	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	127	29	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	127	30	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	127	31	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	127	32	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	127	33	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	127	34	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	127	35	slowly	slowly	ADV
impactinged-288	127	36	increased	increase	VERB
impactinged-288	127	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	1	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	128	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	128	3	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	128	5	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	128	6	types	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	128	8	analyses	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	128	10	publications	publication	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	11	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	128	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	128	13	last	last	ADJ
impactinged-288	128	14	40	40	NUM
impactinged-288	128	15	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	17	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	128	18	summarized	summarize	VERB
impactinged-288	128	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	128	20	table	table	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	21	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	128	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	128	23	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
impactinged-288	128	24	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	128	25	figure	figure	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	26	2	2	NUM
impactinged-288	128	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	28	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	128	29	appears	appear	VERB
impactinged-288	128	30	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	128	31	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	32	might	might	AUX
impactinged-288	128	33	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	128	34	focusing	focus	VERB
impactinged-288	128	35	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	128	36	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	128	37	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	128	38	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	39	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	128	40	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	41	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	42	i.e.	i.e.	X
impactinged-288	128	43	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	44	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	128	45	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	128	46	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	128	47	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	128	48	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	128	49	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	128	50	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	128	51	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	128	52	trying	try	VERB
impactinged-288	128	53	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	128	54	sustain	sustain	VERB
impactinged-288	128	55	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	128	56	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	129	1	figure	figure	VERB
impactinged-288	129	2	2	2	NUM
impactinged-288	129	3	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	129	4	percentage	percentage	NOUN
impactinged-288	129	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	129	6	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	129	7	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	129	8	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	129	9	published	publish	VERB
impactinged-288	129	10	literature	literature	NOUN
impactinged-288	129	11	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	129	12	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	129	13	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	129	14	present	present	ADJ
impactinged-288	129	15	foster	foster	PROPN
impactinged-288	129	16	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	129	17	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	129	18	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	130	1	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	130	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	130	3	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	130	4	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	130	5	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	130	6	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	130	7	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	130	8	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	130	9	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	130	10	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	130	11	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	130	12	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	131	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	131	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	131	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	131	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	131	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	131	11	22	22	NUM
impactinged-288	131	12	table	table	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	13	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	131	14	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	15	frequency	frequency	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	16	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	17	proportion	proportion	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	131	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	20	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	131	21	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	22	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	131	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	24	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	25	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	131	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	27	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	28	combined	combine	VERB
impactinged-288	131	29	phd	phd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	30	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	131	31	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	32	degrees	degree	VERB
impactinged-288	131	33	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	131	34	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	35	jensen	jensen	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	36	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	37	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	131	38	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	39	valerin	valerin	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	40	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	41	2011	2011	NUM
impactinged-288	131	42	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	43	harris	harris	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	44	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	45	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	131	46	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	47	cross	cross	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	48	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	49	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	50	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	51	1986	1986	NUM
impactinged-288	131	52	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	53	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	54	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	55	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	56	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	57	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	131	58	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	59	dressel	dressel	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	60	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	61	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	62	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	63	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	131	64	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	131	65	sample	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	66	size	size	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	67	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	68	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	69	145	145	NUM
impactinged-288	131	70	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	71	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	72	161	161	NUM
impactinged-288	131	73	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	74	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	75	77	77	NUM
impactinged-288	131	76	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	77	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	78	104	104	NUM
impactinged-288	131	79	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	80	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	81	72	72	NUM
impactinged-288	131	82	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	83	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	84	66	66	NUM
impactinged-288	131	85	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	86	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	131	87	67	67	NUM
impactinged-288	131	88	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	89	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	90	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	91	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	92	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	93	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	94	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	95	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	96	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	97	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	98	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	99	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	100	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	101	#	#	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	102	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	103	pdd	pdd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	104	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	105	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	106	43	43	NUM
impactinged-288	131	107	29.7	29.7	NUM
impactinged-288	131	108	62	62	NUM
impactinged-288	131	109	38.5	38.5	NUM
impactinged-288	131	110	29	29	NUM
impactinged-288	131	111	37.7	37.7	NUM
impactinged-288	131	112	22	22	NUM
impactinged-288	131	113	21.2	21.2	NUM
impactinged-288	131	114	36	36	NUM
impactinged-288	131	115	50.0	50.0	NUM
impactinged-288	131	116	35	35	NUM
impactinged-288	131	117	53.0	53.0	NUM
impactinged-288	131	118	36	36	NUM
impactinged-288	131	119	53.7	53.7	NUM
impactinged-288	131	120	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	121	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	131	122	56	56	NUM
impactinged-288	131	123	38.6	38.6	NUM
impactinged-288	131	124	38	38	NUM
impactinged-288	131	125	23.6	23.6	NUM
impactinged-288	131	126	30	30	NUM
impactinged-288	131	127	39.0	39.0	NUM
impactinged-288	131	128	48	48	NUM
impactinged-288	131	129	46.2	46.2	NUM
impactinged-288	131	130	17	17	NUM
impactinged-288	131	131	23.6	23.6	NUM
impactinged-288	131	132	12	12	NUM
impactinged-288	131	133	18.9	18.9	NUM
impactinged-288	131	134	17	17	NUM
impactinged-288	131	135	25.4	25.4	NUM
impactinged-288	131	136	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	137	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	131	138	46	46	NUM
impactinged-288	131	139	31.7	31.7	NUM
impactinged-288	131	140	61	61	NUM
impactinged-288	131	141	37.8	37.8	NUM
impactinged-288	131	142	18	18	NUM
impactinged-288	131	143	23.3	23.3	NUM
impactinged-288	131	144	34	34	NUM
impactinged-288	131	145	32.7	32.7	NUM
impactinged-288	131	146	19	19	NUM
impactinged-288	131	147	26.4	26.4	NUM
impactinged-288	131	148	19	19	NUM
impactinged-288	131	149	28.8	28.8	NUM
impactinged-288	131	150	14	14	NUM
impactinged-288	131	151	20.9	20.9	NUM
impactinged-288	131	152	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	153	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	131	154	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	155	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	131	156	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	131	157	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	131	158	188	188	NUM
impactinged-288	131	159	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	160	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	131	161	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	131	162	145	145	NUM
impactinged-288	131	163	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	164	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
impactinged-288	131	165	differing	differ	VERB
impactinged-288	131	166	trends	trend	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	167	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	131	168	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	131	169	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	131	170	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	131	171	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	131	172	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	173	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	131	174	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	1	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	132	2	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
impactinged-288	132	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	132	4	figure	figure	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	5	3	3	NUM
impactinged-288	132	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	7	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	9	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	132	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	11	primarily	primarily	ADV
impactinged-288	132	12	via	via	ADP
impactinged-288	132	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	132	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	15	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	132	16	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	17	campus	campus	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	18	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	20	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	21	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	132	22	63	63	NUM
impactinged-288	132	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	24	63.6	63.6	NUM
impactinged-288	132	25	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	26	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	28	followed	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	132	29	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	132	30	blended	blend	VERB
impactinged-288	132	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	32	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
impactinged-288	132	33	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	34	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	35	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	36	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	132	37	28	28	NUM
impactinged-288	132	38	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	39	28.3	28.3	NUM
impactinged-288	132	40	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	41	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	43	executive	executive	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	44	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	45	weekend	weekend	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	46	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	47	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	48	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	49	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	132	50	6	6	NUM
impactinged-288	132	51	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	52	6.1	6.1	NUM
impactinged-288	132	53	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	54	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	55	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	56	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	132	57	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	132	58	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	132	59	residence	residence	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	60	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	61	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	62	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	63	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	64	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	132	65	5	5	NUM
impactinged-288	132	66	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	67	5.1	5.1	NUM
impactinged-288	132	68	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	132	69	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	132	70	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	1	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	133	2	diversified	diversified	ADJ
impactinged-288	133	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	133	5	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	133	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	7	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	133	8	greater	great	ADJ
impactinged-288	133	9	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	133	11	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	12	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	14	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	133	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	133	16	majority	majority	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	17	offering	offering	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	18	blended	blend	VERB
impactinged-288	133	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	20	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
impactinged-288	133	21	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	23	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	24	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	133	25	35	35	NUM
impactinged-288	133	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	27	39.3	39.3	NUM
impactinged-288	133	28	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	29	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	31	followed	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	133	32	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	133	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	133	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	35	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	133	36	campus	campus	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	37	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	38	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	39	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	40	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	133	41	29	29	NUM
impactinged-288	133	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	43	32.6	32.6	NUM
impactinged-288	133	44	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	45	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	46	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	47	executive	executive	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	48	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	49	weekend	weekend	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	50	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	51	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	52	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	53	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	133	54	18	18	NUM
impactinged-288	133	55	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	56	20.2	20.2	NUM
impactinged-288	133	57	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	58	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	59	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	60	online	online	ADV
impactinged-288	133	61	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	133	62	residence	residence	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	63	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	64	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	65	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	66	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	67	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	133	68	16	16	NUM
impactinged-288	133	69	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	70	18.0	18.0	NUM
impactinged-288	133	71	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	72	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	73	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	74	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	133	75	fully	fully	ADV
impactinged-288	133	76	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	133	77	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	78	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	79	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	80	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	133	81	5	5	NUM
impactinged-288	133	82	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	83	5.6	5.6	NUM
impactinged-288	133	84	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	133	85	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	133	86	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	134	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	134	2	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	134	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	134	4	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	134	5	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	134	6	differed	differ	VERB
impactinged-288	134	7	meaningfully	meaningfully	ADV
impactinged-288	134	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	134	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	134	10	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	134	11	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	134	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	135	1	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	135	2	example	example	NOUN
impactinged-288	135	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	135	4	nearly	nearly	ADV
impactinged-288	135	5	twice	twice	ADV
impactinged-288	135	6	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	135	7	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	135	8	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	135	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	135	10	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	135	11	formatted	format	VERB
impactinged-288	135	12	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	135	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	135	14	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	135	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	136	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
impactinged-288	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	136	3	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	136	4	three	three	NUM
impactinged-288	136	5	times	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	6	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	136	7	many	many	ADJ
impactinged-288	136	8	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	136	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	10	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	136	11	formatted	format	VERB
impactinged-288	136	12	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	136	13	executive	executive	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	14	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	136	15	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	136	16	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	136	17	residence	residence	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	18	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	19	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	136	21	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	136	22	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	136	23	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	24	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	136	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	137	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	137	2	none	none	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	137	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	137	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	137	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	137	9	sample	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	10	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	137	11	fully	fully	ADV
impactinged-288	137	12	online	online	ADJ
impactinged-288	137	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	137	14	5.6	5.6	NUM
impactinged-288	137	15	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	137	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	137	18	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	137	19	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	137	20	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	137	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	138	1	figure	figure	VERB
impactinged-288	138	2	3	3	NUM
impactinged-288	138	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	138	4	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	5	modality	modality	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	6	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	138	7	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	8	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	9	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	138	11	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	12	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	14	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	15	criteria	criterion	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	16	differed	differ	VERB
impactinged-288	138	17	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	138	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	138	19	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	138	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	138	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	138	22	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	23	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	138	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	139	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	139	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	139	3	61	61	NUM
impactinged-288	139	4	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	5	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	6	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	139	7	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	139	8	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	139	9	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	139	11	53	53	NUM
impactinged-288	139	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	139	13	86.9	86.9	NUM
impactinged-288	139	14	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	139	16	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	139	17	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	18	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	139	19	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	139	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	139	21	gre	gre	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	22	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	139	23	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	139	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	140	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	140	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	140	3	55	55	NUM
impactinged-288	140	4	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	140	5	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	6	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	140	7	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	140	8	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	140	9	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	140	11	39	39	NUM
impactinged-288	140	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	140	13	70.9	70.9	NUM
impactinged-288	140	14	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	140	16	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	140	17	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	18	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	140	19	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	140	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	140	21	gre	gre	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	22	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	140	23	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	140	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	141	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
impactinged-288	141	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	141	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	141	4	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	141	5	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	141	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	141	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	141	8	differed	differ	VERB
impactinged-288	141	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	141	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	141	11	total	total	ADJ
impactinged-288	141	12	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	141	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	141	14	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	141	15	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	141	16	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	141	17	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	141	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	141	19	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	141	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	1	after	after	ADP
impactinged-288	142	2	completing	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	142	3	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	142	4	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	5	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	6	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	142	7	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	9	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	10	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	142	12	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	13	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	14	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	142	15	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	142	16	42	42	NUM
impactinged-288	142	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	142	18	90	90	NUM
impactinged-288	142	19	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	142	21	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	22	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	23	graduate	graduate	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	24	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	25	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	142	26	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	142	27	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	28	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	142	29	65.4	65.4	NUM
impactinged-288	142	30	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	31	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	32	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	33	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	142	34	8.3	8.3	NUM
impactinged-288	142	35	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	36	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	37	followed	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	142	38	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	142	39	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	142	40	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	41	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	142	42	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	142	43	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	142	44	39	39	NUM
impactinged-288	142	45	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	142	46	81	81	NUM
impactinged-288	142	47	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	48	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	142	49	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	50	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	51	graduate	graduate	ADJ
impactinged-288	142	52	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	53	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	142	54	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	142	55	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	56	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	142	57	58.3	58.3	NUM
impactinged-288	142	58	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	59	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	60	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	61	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	142	62	7.8	7.8	NUM
impactinged-288	142	63	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	142	64	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	142	65	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	142	66	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	142	67	plan	plan	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	68	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	142	69	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	142	70	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
impactinged-288	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	3	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	4	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	143	6	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	143	7	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	8	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	143	9	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	143	10	6	6	NUM
impactinged-288	143	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	143	12	30	30	NUM
impactinged-288	143	13	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	143	15	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	16	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	18	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	143	19	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	143	20	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	143	22	15.3	15.3	NUM
impactinged-288	143	23	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	24	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	25	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	26	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	143	27	3.8	3.8	NUM
impactinged-288	143	28	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	30	followed	follow	VERB
impactinged-288	143	31	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	143	32	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	143	33	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	34	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	143	35	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	143	36	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	143	37	3	3	NUM
impactinged-288	143	38	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	143	39	24	24	NUM
impactinged-288	143	40	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	41	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	143	42	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	43	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	44	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	45	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	143	46	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	143	47	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	48	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	143	49	11.7	11.7	NUM
impactinged-288	143	50	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	51	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	52	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	143	53	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	143	54	3.8	3.8	NUM
impactinged-288	143	55	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	143	56	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	1	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	144	2	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	3	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	144	6	each	each	PRON
impactinged-288	144	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	144	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	144	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	10	’	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	11	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	144	12	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	13	projects	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	14	overall	overall	ADV
impactinged-288	144	15	described	describe	VERB
impactinged-288	144	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	144	17	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	18	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	144	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	144	20	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	144	21	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	144	22	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	24	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	144	25	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	144	26	96	96	NUM
impactinged-288	144	27	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	28	97.9	97.9	NUM
impactinged-288	144	29	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	30	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	144	32	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	144	33	98	98	NUM
impactinged-288	144	34	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	35	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	144	36	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	144	38	described	describe	VERB
impactinged-288	144	39	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	144	40	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	41	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	144	42	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	144	43	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	144	44	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	144	45	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	1	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	145	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	145	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	145	4	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	6	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	7	had	have	VERB
impactinged-288	145	8	greater	great	ADJ
impactinged-288	145	9	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	10	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	145	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	145	12	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	145	13	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	15	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	145	16	72	72	NUM
impactinged-288	145	17	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	18	83.7	83.7	NUM
impactinged-288	145	19	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	20	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	145	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	145	23	86	86	NUM
impactinged-288	145	24	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	25	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	145	26	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	27	requiring	require	VERB
impactinged-288	145	28	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	145	29	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	145	30	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	31	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	32	7	7	NUM
impactinged-288	145	33	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	34	8.1	8.1	NUM
impactinged-288	145	35	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	37	requiring	require	VERB
impactinged-288	145	38	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	145	39	capstone	capstone	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	41	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	145	42	7	7	NUM
impactinged-288	145	43	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	44	8.1	8.1	NUM
impactinged-288	145	45	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	46	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	145	47	requiring	require	VERB
impactinged-288	145	48	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	145	49	less	less	ADV
impactinged-288	145	50	defined	define	VERB
impactinged-288	145	51	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	145	52	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	145	53	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	146	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	146	2	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	146	3	completing	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	146	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	146	5	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	6	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	146	7	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	146	8	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	146	9	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	146	11	25	25	NUM
impactinged-288	146	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	146	13	34.7	34.7	NUM
impactinged-288	146	14	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	146	16	described	describe	VERB
impactinged-288	146	17	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	146	18	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	19	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	146	20	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	146	21	action	action	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	22	oriented	orient	VERB
impactinged-288	146	23	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	146	24	applied	apply	VERB
impactinged-288	146	25	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	26	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	146	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	147	1	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	147	2	three	three	NUM
impactinged-288	147	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	147	4	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	147	5	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	147	6	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	147	7	embedded	embed	VERB
impactinged-288	147	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	147	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	147	10	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	147	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	148	1	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	148	2	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	148	4	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	148	5	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	6	post	post	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	7	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	8	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	148	9	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	11	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	148	12	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	148	13	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	148	14	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	148	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	148	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	18	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	148	19	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	148	20	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	22	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	148	23	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	148	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	148	25	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	148	26	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	27	postmaster	postmaster	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	28	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	148	29	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	148	30	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	149	1	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	149	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	149	5	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	149	6	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	7	postmaster	postmaster	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	8	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	149	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	149	10	ranging	range	VERB
impactinged-288	149	11	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	149	12	48	48	NUM
impactinged-288	149	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	149	14	81	81	NUM
impactinged-288	149	15	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	149	17	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	149	18	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	149	19	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	149	20	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	149	22	66.26	66.26	NUM
impactinged-288	149	23	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	24	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	149	25	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	149	26	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	149	27	7.69	7.69	NUM
impactinged-288	149	28	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	149	29	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	150	1	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	150	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	150	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	150	5	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	150	7	44	44	NUM
impactinged-288	150	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	150	9	81	81	NUM
impactinged-288	150	10	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	150	12	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	150	13	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	150	14	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	150	15	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	150	17	58.23	58.23	NUM
impactinged-288	150	18	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	150	20	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	150	21	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	150	22	8.10	8.10	NUM
impactinged-288	150	23	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	150	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	1	examining	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	151	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	151	3	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	4	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	151	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	151	7	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	151	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	151	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	11	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	151	12	house	house	VERB
impactinged-288	151	13	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	151	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	15	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	151	17	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	151	18	paired	pair	VERB
impactinged-288	151	19	sample	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	20	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	21	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	22	test	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	24	assuming	assume	VERB
impactinged-288	151	25	equality	equality	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	26	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	151	27	variances	variance	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	28	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	29	bartlett	bartlett	PROPN
impactinged-288	151	30	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	151	31	k2	k2	PROPN
impactinged-288	151	32	=	=	PROPN
impactinged-288	151	33	0.11	0.11	NUM
impactinged-288	151	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	35	p	p	X
impactinged-288	151	36	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	37	0.74	0.74	NUM
impactinged-288	151	38	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	40	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	41	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	42	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	151	43	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	151	44	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	151	45	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	46	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	151	47	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	151	48	master	master	ADJ
impactinged-288	151	49	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	151	50	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	51	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	151	52	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	151	53	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	151	54	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	55	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	151	56	8.02	8.02	NUM
impactinged-288	151	57	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	58	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	59	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	60	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	151	61	7.84	7.84	NUM
impactinged-288	151	62	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	63	p	p	X
impactinged-288	151	64	<	<	X
impactinged-288	151	65	.001	.001	NUM
impactinged-288	151	66	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	67	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	151	68	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	69	ci[5.95	ci[5.95	NOUN
impactinged-288	151	70	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	71	10.09	10.09	NUM
impactinged-288	151	72	]	]	NUM
impactinged-288	151	73	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	151	74	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	152	1	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	2	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	152	3	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	152	4	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	152	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	152	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	7	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	152	8	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	152	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	152	10	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	152	12	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	152	13	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	152	14	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	152	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	152	16	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	152	17	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	152	18	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	152	19	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	21	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	152	22	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	152	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	152	24	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	152	25	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	26	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	152	27	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	152	28	master	master	ADJ
impactinged-288	152	29	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	152	30	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	152	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	153	1	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	3	again	again	ADV
impactinged-288	153	4	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	153	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	153	6	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	153	7	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	8	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	153	9	-	-	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	10	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	11	’s	’s	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	153	13	ranging	range	VERB
impactinged-288	153	14	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	153	15	42	42	NUM
impactinged-288	153	16	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	153	17	90	90	NUM
impactinged-288	153	18	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	153	20	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	153	21	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	153	22	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	23	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	153	24	64.67	64.67	NUM
impactinged-288	153	25	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	153	27	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	153	28	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	153	29	8.70	8.70	NUM
impactinged-288	153	30	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	153	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	154	1	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	154	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	154	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	154	5	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	154	7	39	39	NUM
impactinged-288	154	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	154	9	78	78	NUM
impactinged-288	154	10	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	154	12	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	154	13	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	154	14	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	154	15	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	154	17	58.36	58.36	NUM
impactinged-288	154	18	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	154	20	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	154	21	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	154	22	7.63	7.63	NUM
impactinged-288	154	23	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	154	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	1	examining	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	155	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	155	3	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	4	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	155	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	155	7	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	155	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	9	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	155	10	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	11	universities	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	13	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	155	15	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	155	16	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	17	samples	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	18	ttest	tt	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	20	assuming	assume	VERB
impactinged-288	155	21	equality	equality	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	22	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	155	23	variances	variance	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	24	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	25	bartlett	bartlett	PROPN
impactinged-288	155	26	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	155	27	k2	k2	PROPN
impactinged-288	155	28	=	=	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	29	0.82	0.82	NUM
impactinged-288	155	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	31	p	p	X
impactinged-288	155	32	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	33	0.37	0.37	NUM
impactinged-288	155	34	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	35	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	36	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	37	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	38	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	155	39	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	155	40	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	41	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	42	post	post	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	43	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	44	master	master	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	45	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	155	46	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	47	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	155	48	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	155	49	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	155	50	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	51	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	155	52	6.31	6.31	NUM
impactinged-288	155	53	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	54	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	55	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	56	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	155	57	3.78	3.78	NUM
impactinged-288	155	58	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	59	p	p	X
impactinged-288	155	60	<	<	X
impactinged-288	155	61	.001	.001	NUM
impactinged-288	155	62	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	155	63	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	155	64	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	155	65	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	155	66	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	155	67	phd	phd	PROPN
impactinged-288	155	68	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	155	69	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	155	70	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	156	1	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	156	2	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	156	3	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	156	4	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	156	5	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	156	6	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	156	7	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	156	8	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	156	9	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	157	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	157	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	157	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	157	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	157	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	157	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	157	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	157	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	157	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	157	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	157	11	23	23	NUM
impactinged-288	157	12	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	157	13	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	157	14	ci[3.00	ci[3.00	NOUN
impactinged-288	157	15	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	157	16	9.62	9.62	NUM
impactinged-288	157	17	]	]	PUNCT
impactinged-288	157	18	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	157	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	158	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	158	2	comparing	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	158	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	158	4	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	5	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	158	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	7	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	158	8	house	house	VERB
impactinged-288	158	9	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	158	10	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	158	11	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	158	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	158	13	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	14	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	15	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	158	16	those	those	DET
impactinged-288	158	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	18	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	158	19	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	158	20	house	house	VERB
impactinged-288	158	21	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	158	22	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	158	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	158	24	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	158	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	158	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	158	27	greatest	great	ADJ
impactinged-288	158	28	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	29	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	158	30	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	32	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	158	33	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	158	34	amongst	amongst	ADP
impactinged-288	158	35	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	158	36	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	37	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	158	38	house	house	VERB
impactinged-288	158	39	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	158	40	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	158	41	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	159	1	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	159	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	3	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	4	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	159	5	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	6	plan	plan	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	8	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	159	9	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	159	10	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	159	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	159	13	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	159	14	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	15	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	159	16	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	159	17	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	18	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	159	21	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	159	22	respective	respective	ADJ
impactinged-288	159	23	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	24	plans	plan	NOUN
impactinged-288	159	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	160	1	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	160	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	160	5	most	most	ADV
impactinged-288	160	6	overall	overall	ADJ
impactinged-288	160	7	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	8	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	160	10	ranging	range	VERB
impactinged-288	160	11	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	160	12	6	6	NUM
impactinged-288	160	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	160	14	24	24	NUM
impactinged-288	160	15	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	160	17	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	160	18	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	160	19	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	160	21	16.33	16.33	NUM
impactinged-288	160	22	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	23	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	160	24	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	160	25	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	160	26	3.67	3.67	NUM
impactinged-288	160	27	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	160	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	161	1	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	161	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	161	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	161	5	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	161	7	6	6	NUM
impactinged-288	161	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	161	9	21	21	NUM
impactinged-288	161	10	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	161	12	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	161	13	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	161	14	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	161	16	11.79	11.79	NUM
impactinged-288	161	17	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	18	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	161	19	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	161	20	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	161	21	3.58	3.58	NUM
impactinged-288	161	22	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	161	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	1	examining	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	162	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	162	3	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	4	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	162	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	162	7	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	162	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	162	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	11	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	162	12	house	house	VERB
impactinged-288	162	13	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	162	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	15	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	162	17	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	162	18	paired	pair	VERB
impactinged-288	162	19	sample	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	20	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	21	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	22	test	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	24	assuming	assume	VERB
impactinged-288	162	25	equality	equality	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	26	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	162	27	variances	variance	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	28	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	29	bartlett	bartlett	PROPN
impactinged-288	162	30	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	162	31	k2	k2	PROPN
impactinged-288	162	32	=	=	PROPN
impactinged-288	162	33	0.03	0.03	NUM
impactinged-288	162	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	35	p	p	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	36	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	37	0.87	0.87	NUM
impactinged-288	162	38	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	39	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	40	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	41	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	42	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	162	43	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	162	44	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	162	45	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	46	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	47	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	162	48	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	162	49	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	162	50	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	51	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	162	52	4.64	4.64	NUM
impactinged-288	162	53	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	54	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	55	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	56	=	=	NUM
impactinged-288	162	57	8.74	8.74	NUM
impactinged-288	162	58	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	59	p	p	X
impactinged-288	162	60	<	<	X
impactinged-288	162	61	.001	.001	NUM
impactinged-288	162	62	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	63	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	162	64	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	65	ci[3.57	ci[3.57	NOUN
impactinged-288	162	66	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	67	5.72	5.72	NUM
impactinged-288	162	68	]	]	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	69	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	162	70	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	1	when	when	SCONJ
impactinged-288	163	2	disaggregating	disaggregate	VERB
impactinged-288	163	3	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	163	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	163	5	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	163	7	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	8	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	10	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	163	11	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	12	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	163	13	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	163	14	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	163	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	163	16	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
impactinged-288	163	17	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	18	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	20	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	21	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	163	22	2.83	2.83	NUM
impactinged-288	163	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	24	p	p	X
impactinged-288	163	25	<	<	X
impactinged-288	163	26	.01	.01	NUM
impactinged-288	163	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	28	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	163	29	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	30	ci[0.32	ci[0.32	VERB
impactinged-288	163	31	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	32	2.08	2.08	NUM
impactinged-288	163	33	]	]	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	34	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	35	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	36	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	163	37	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	163	38	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	163	39	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
impactinged-288	163	40	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	41	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	42	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	163	43	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	163	44	1.00	1.00	NUM
impactinged-288	163	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	46	ns	ns	NUM
impactinged-288	163	47	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	163	48	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	164	1	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	2	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	164	3	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	164	4	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	164	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	164	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	7	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	164	8	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	164	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	164	10	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	164	12	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	164	13	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	164	14	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	164	16	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	164	17	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	164	18	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	164	19	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	20	course	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	164	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	165	1	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	3	again	again	ADV
impactinged-288	165	4	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	165	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	165	6	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	165	7	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	8	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	165	10	ranging	range	VERB
impactinged-288	165	11	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	165	12	6	6	NUM
impactinged-288	165	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	165	14	30	30	NUM
impactinged-288	165	15	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	165	17	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	165	18	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	165	19	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	165	21	14.46	14.46	NUM
impactinged-288	165	22	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	23	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	165	24	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	165	25	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	165	26	3.81	3.81	NUM
impactinged-288	165	27	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	165	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	166	1	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	166	2	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	3	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	166	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	166	5	range	range	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	166	7	3	3	NUM
impactinged-288	166	8	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	166	9	24	24	NUM
impactinged-288	166	10	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	166	12	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	166	13	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	166	14	average	average	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	166	16	11.60	11.60	NUM
impactinged-288	166	17	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	18	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	166	19	sd	sd	NOUN
impactinged-288	166	20	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	166	21	3.58	3.58	NUM
impactinged-288	166	22	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	166	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	1	examining	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	167	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	167	3	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	4	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	167	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	6	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	167	7	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	167	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	9	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	167	10	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	167	11	universities	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	13	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	167	15	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	167	16	independent	independent	ADJ
impactinged-288	167	17	sample	sample	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	18	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	19	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	20	test	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	22	assuming	assume	VERB
impactinged-288	167	23	equality	equality	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	24	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	167	25	variances	variance	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	27	bartlett	bartlett	PROPN
impactinged-288	167	28	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	167	29	k2	k2	PROPN
impactinged-288	167	30	=	=	PROPN
impactinged-288	167	31	0.24	0.24	NUM
impactinged-288	167	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	33	p	p	X
impactinged-288	167	34	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	35	0.62	0.62	NUM
impactinged-288	167	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	38	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	39	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	40	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	167	41	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	167	42	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	167	43	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	44	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	45	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	167	46	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	167	47	average	average	ADJ
impactinged-288	167	48	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	49	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	167	50	2.86	2.86	NUM
impactinged-288	167	51	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	52	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	53	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	54	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	167	55	3.60	3.60	NUM
impactinged-288	167	56	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	57	p	p	X
impactinged-288	167	58	<	<	X
impactinged-288	167	59	.001	.001	NUM
impactinged-288	167	60	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	61	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	167	62	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	63	ci[1.29	ci[1.29	NOUN
impactinged-288	167	64	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	65	4.44	4.44	NUM
impactinged-288	167	66	]	]	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	67	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	167	68	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	1	when	when	SCONJ
impactinged-288	168	2	disaggregating	disaggregate	VERB
impactinged-288	168	3	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	168	4	type	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	168	6	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	7	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	9	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	168	10	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	11	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	168	12	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	168	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	168	14	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
impactinged-288	168	15	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	16	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	17	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	18	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	19	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	168	20	2.69	2.69	NUM
impactinged-288	168	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	22	p	p	X
impactinged-288	168	23	<	<	X
impactinged-288	168	24	.01	.01	NUM
impactinged-288	168	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	26	95	95	NUM
impactinged-288	168	27	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	28	ci[0.29	ci[0.29	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	29	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	30	1.93	1.93	NUM
impactinged-288	168	31	]	]	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	32	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	33	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	34	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	168	35	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	168	36	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	168	37	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
impactinged-288	168	38	coursework	coursework	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	39	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	40	t	t	NOUN
impactinged-288	168	41	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	168	42	1.50	1.50	NUM
impactinged-288	168	43	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	44	ns	ns	NUM
impactinged-288	168	45	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	168	46	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	169	1	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	169	2	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	169	3	scores	score	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	4	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	169	5	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	6	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	169	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	9	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	169	10	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	169	11	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	169	12	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	13	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	169	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	169	15	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	16	tended	tend	VERB
impactinged-288	169	17	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	169	18	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	169	19	very	very	ADV
impactinged-288	169	20	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	169	21	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	22	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	23	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	169	24	terms	term	NOUN
impactinged-288	169	25	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	169	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	169	27	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	169	28	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	170	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	3	24	24	NUM
impactinged-288	170	4	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	5	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	170	6	had	have	VERB
impactinged-288	170	7	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	8	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	170	9	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	11	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	170	12	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	170	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	14	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	170	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	17	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	19	83.3	83.3	NUM
impactinged-288	170	20	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	21	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	22	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	23	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	170	24	20	20	NUM
impactinged-288	170	25	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	26	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	170	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	28	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	29	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	170	30	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	170	31	admitted	admit	VERB
impactinged-288	170	32	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	170	33	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	170	34	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	35	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	36	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	170	37	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	38	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	39	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	41	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	170	42	12.5	12.5	NUM
impactinged-288	170	43	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	44	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	45	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	46	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	170	47	3	3	X
impactinged-288	170	48	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	170	49	did	do	AUX
impactinged-288	170	50	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	170	51	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	170	52	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	170	53	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	170	54	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	170	55	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	170	56	admitted	admit	VERB
impactinged-288	170	57	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	170	58	either	either	DET
impactinged-288	170	59	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	170	60	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	171	1	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	171	2	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	171	3	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	171	4	occasion	occasion	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	171	6	4.2	4.2	NUM
impactinged-288	171	7	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	171	9	did	do	VERB
impactinged-288	171	10	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	171	11	institution	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	12	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	171	13	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	171	14	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	171	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	171	16	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	171	18	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	171	19	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	171	20	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	21	disagree	disagree	VERB
impactinged-288	171	22	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	171	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	171	24	requisite	requisite	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	25	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	171	26	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	171	27	gre	gre	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	28	score	score	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	29	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	171	30	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	171	31	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	172	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	172	2	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	172	3	case	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	172	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	172	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	8	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	172	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	172	10	gre	gre	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	11	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	172	12	admission	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	172	14	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	172	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	172	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	172	17	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	172	18	did	do	VERB
impactinged-288	172	19	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	172	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	1	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	2	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	173	3	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	173	4	χ2	χ2	ADJ
impactinged-288	173	5	test	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	173	7	independence	independence	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	8	suggested	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	173	9	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	173	10	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	173	11	overlap	overlap	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	12	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	173	13	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	173	14	due	due	ADJ
impactinged-288	173	15	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	173	16	chance	chance	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	17	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	18	χ2	χ2	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	19	=	=	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	20	10.97	10.97	NUM
impactinged-288	173	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	22	p	p	X
impactinged-288	173	23	<	<	X
impactinged-288	173	24	.001	.001	NUM
impactinged-288	173	25	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	27	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	173	28	instead	instead	ADV
impactinged-288	173	29	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	173	30	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	31	’	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	32	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	33	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	173	34	nearly	nearly	ADV
impactinged-288	173	35	perfectly	perfectly	ADV
impactinged-288	173	36	correlated	correlate	VERB
impactinged-288	173	37	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	38	r	r	ADJ
impactinged-288	173	39	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	173	40	0.85	0.85	NUM
impactinged-288	173	41	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	173	42	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	174	1	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	2	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	174	3	housed	house	VERB
impactinged-288	174	4	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	174	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	174	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	7	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	174	8	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	174	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	174	10	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	174	12	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	174	13	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	174	14	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	174	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	174	16	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
impactinged-288	174	17	slightly	slightly	ADV
impactinged-288	174	18	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	174	19	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	21	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	174	22	terms	term	NOUN
impactinged-288	174	23	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	174	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	174	25	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	174	26	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	175	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	175	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	175	3	64	64	NUM
impactinged-288	175	4	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	5	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	175	6	had	have	VERB
impactinged-288	175	7	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	8	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	175	9	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	175	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	11	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	175	12	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	175	13	respective	respective	ADJ
impactinged-288	175	14	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	175	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	175	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	175	19	85.3	85.3	NUM
impactinged-288	175	20	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	21	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	175	22	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	23	=	=	NUM
impactinged-288	175	24	29	29	NUM
impactinged-288	175	25	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	175	26	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	175	27	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	28	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	29	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	175	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	175	31	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	175	32	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	175	33	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	175	34	60.0	60.0	NUM
impactinged-288	175	35	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	36	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	175	37	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	38	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	175	39	18	18	NUM
impactinged-288	175	40	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	175	41	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	175	42	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	175	43	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	175	44	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
impactinged-288	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	3	14.7	14.7	NUM
impactinged-288	176	4	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	6	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	7	=	=	SYM
impactinged-288	176	8	5	5	NUM
impactinged-288	176	9	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	10	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	176	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	12	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	13	did	do	AUX
impactinged-288	176	14	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	176	15	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	176	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	176	17	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	176	18	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	176	19	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	176	20	40	40	NUM
impactinged-288	176	21	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	23	n	n	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	24	=	=	NUM
impactinged-288	176	25	12	12	NUM
impactinged-288	176	26	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	176	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	176	28	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	176	29	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	176	30	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	1	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	2	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	177	3	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	177	4	χ2	χ2	ADJ
impactinged-288	177	5	test	test	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	177	7	independence	independence	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	8	suggested	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	177	9	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	177	10	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	177	11	percentages	percentage	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	12	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	177	13	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	177	14	due	due	ADJ
impactinged-288	177	15	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	177	16	chance	chance	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	17	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	18	χ2	χ2	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	19	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	20	4.01	4.01	NUM
impactinged-288	177	21	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	22	p	p	X
impactinged-288	177	23	<	<	X
impactinged-288	177	24	.05	.05	NUM
impactinged-288	177	25	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	27	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	177	28	instead	instead	ADV
impactinged-288	177	29	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	177	30	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	177	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	32	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	177	33	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	177	34	likely	likely	ADJ
impactinged-288	177	35	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	177	36	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	177	37	associated	associate	VERB
impactinged-288	177	38	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	177	39	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	40	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	41	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	177	42	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	177	43	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	44	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	45	r	r	ADJ
impactinged-288	177	46	=	=	NOUN
impactinged-288	177	47	0.29	0.29	NUM
impactinged-288	177	48	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	177	49	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	178	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	178	2	dressel	dressel	PROPN
impactinged-288	178	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	178	4	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
impactinged-288	178	5	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	178	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	178	7	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	178	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	178	9	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	178	10	showed	show	VERB
impactinged-288	178	11	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	178	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	178	13	majority	majority	NOUN
impactinged-288	178	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	178	15	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	178	16	surveyed	survey	VERB
impactinged-288	178	17	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	178	18	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	178	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	178	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	178	21	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	178	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	178	23	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	178	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	179	1	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	179	2	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	179	3	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	179	4	slightly	slightly	ADV
impactinged-288	179	5	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	179	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	179	7	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	179	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	179	9	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	179	10	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	179	11	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	179	12	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	179	13	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	179	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	179	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	179	16	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	179	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	180	1	cross	cross	PROPN
impactinged-288	180	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	180	3	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	180	4	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	180	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	180	6	1986	1986	NUM
impactinged-288	180	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	180	8	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	9	reflected	reflect	VERB
impactinged-288	180	10	little	little	ADJ
impactinged-288	180	11	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	180	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	14	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	180	15	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	180	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	17	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	180	18	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	180	19	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	180	20	slightly	slightly	ADV
impactinged-288	180	21	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	180	22	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	23	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	180	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	180	25	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	180	26	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	180	27	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	180	28	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	180	29	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	180	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	180	31	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	180	32	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	180	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	181	1	twenty	twenty	NUM
impactinged-288	181	2	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	181	3	later	later	ADV
impactinged-288	181	4	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	181	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	181	6	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	181	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	181	8	discovered	discover	VERB
impactinged-288	181	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	181	10	marked	mark	VERB
impactinged-288	181	11	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	181	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	181	13	institutional	institutional	ADJ
impactinged-288	181	14	offerings	offering	NOUN
impactinged-288	181	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	182	1	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	182	2	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	182	3	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	182	4	nearly	nearly	ADV
impactinged-288	182	5	half	half	NOUN
impactinged-288	182	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	182	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	182	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	182	9	surveyed	survey	VERB
impactinged-288	182	10	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	182	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	182	12	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	182	13	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	182	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	182	15	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	182	16	just	just	ADV
impactinged-288	182	17	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	182	18	twenty	twenty	NUM
impactinged-288	182	19	percent	percent	NOUN
impactinged-288	182	20	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	182	21	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	182	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	182	23	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	182	24	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	182	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	182	26	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	182	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	183	1	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	183	2	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	183	3	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	183	4	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	183	5	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	183	6	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	183	7	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	183	8	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	183	9	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	183	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	183	11	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	183	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	183	13	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	183	14	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	183	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	184	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	184	2	shift	shift	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	3	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	184	4	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	5	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	6	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	184	7	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	184	8	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	9	occurred	occur	VERB
impactinged-288	184	10	sometime	sometime	ADV
impactinged-288	184	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	184	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	184	13	late	late	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	14	20th	20th	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	15	century	century	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	184	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	184	18	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	19	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	20	indicates	indicate	VERB
impactinged-288	184	21	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	184	22	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	23	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	24	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	184	25	opting	opt	VERB
impactinged-288	184	26	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	184	27	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	184	28	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	29	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	184	30	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	184	31	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	184	33	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	184	34	fewer	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	184	35	offering	offering	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	36	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	184	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	184	38	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	184	39	having	have	VERB
impactinged-288	184	40	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	184	41	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	42	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	184	43	cause	cause	VERB
impactinged-288	184	44	conflict	conflict	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	45	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	184	46	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	184	47	demands	demand	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	48	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	184	49	theory	theory	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	50	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	184	51	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	184	52	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	185	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
impactinged-288	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	185	3	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	185	4	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	185	5	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	185	6	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	185	7	lead	lead	VERB
impactinged-288	185	8	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	185	9	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	185	10	content	content	NOUN
impactinged-288	185	11	thus	thus	ADV
impactinged-288	185	12	adding	add	VERB
impactinged-288	185	13	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	185	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	185	15	confusion	confusion	NOUN
impactinged-288	185	16	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	185	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	185	18	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	185	19	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	185	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	185	21	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	185	22	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	185	23	imig	imig	PROPN
impactinged-288	185	24	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	185	25	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	185	26	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	185	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	1	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	186	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	3	today	today	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	4	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	186	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	186	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	7	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	186	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	9	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	186	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	186	11	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	186	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	14	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	186	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	186	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	186	17	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	186	18	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	186	19	relatively	relatively	ADV
impactinged-288	186	20	stable	stable	ADJ
impactinged-288	186	21	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	186	22	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	186	23	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	186	24	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	186	25	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	186	26	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	27	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	186	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	29	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	186	30	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	31	jensen	jensen	PROPN
impactinged-288	186	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	33	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	186	34	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	186	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	187	1	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	187	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	3	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	187	4	shown	show	VERB
impactinged-288	187	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	187	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	187	7	demographics	demographic	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	8	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	187	9	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	10	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	187	12	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	13	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	187	14	vary	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	187	15	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	187	16	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	187	17	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	187	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	188	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	188	2	median	median	ADJ
impactinged-288	188	3	age	age	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	188	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	188	6	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	7	graduates	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	8	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	188	9	much	much	ADV
impactinged-288	188	10	lower	low	ADJ
impactinged-288	188	11	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	188	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	188	13	median	median	ADJ
impactinged-288	188	14	age	age	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	15	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	188	16	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	188	17	graduates	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	18	who	who	PRON
impactinged-288	188	19	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	188	20	typically	typically	ADV
impactinged-288	188	21	already	already	ADV
impactinged-288	188	22	practicing	practice	VERB
impactinged-288	188	23	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	188	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	188	25	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	188	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	189	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	189	2	understanding	understanding	NOUN
impactinged-288	189	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	189	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	189	5	demographic	demographic	ADJ
impactinged-288	189	6	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	189	7	clear	clear	ADJ
impactinged-288	189	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	189	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	189	10	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	189	11	formats	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	189	12	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	189	13	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	189	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	189	15	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	189	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	189	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	190	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	190	2	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	190	3	sizeable	sizeable	ADJ
impactinged-288	190	4	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	190	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	190	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	8	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	190	9	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	190	10	executive	executive	ADJ
impactinged-288	190	11	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	190	13	almost	almost	ADV
impactinged-288	190	14	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	190	15	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	16	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	17	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	190	18	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	190	19	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	190	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	191	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
impactinged-288	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	191	3	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	191	4	half	half	NOUN
impactinged-288	191	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	191	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	191	7	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	191	8	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	191	9	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	191	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	191	11	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	191	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	191	13	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	191	14	fewer	few	ADJ
impactinged-288	191	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	191	16	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	191	17	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	191	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	191	19	same	same	ADJ
impactinged-288	191	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	192	1	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	192	2	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	192	3	reflect	reflect	VERB
impactinged-288	192	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	192	5	demand	demand	NOUN
impactinged-288	192	6	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	192	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	192	8	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	192	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	192	10	balance	balance	NOUN
impactinged-288	192	11	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	192	12	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	192	13	already	already	ADV
impactinged-288	192	14	practicing	practice	VERB
impactinged-288	192	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	192	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	192	17	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	192	18	may	may	AUX
impactinged-288	192	19	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	192	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	193	2	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	193	3	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	193	4	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	193	5	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	6	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	193	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	193	8	quality	quality	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	193	10	rigor	rigor	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	193	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	193	13	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	14	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	15	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	193	16	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	193	17	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	193	18	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	193	19	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	21	de	de	X
impactinged-288	193	22	lisi	lisi	X
impactinged-288	193	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	24	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	193	25	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	26	perry	perry	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	28	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	193	29	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	30	schulman	schulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	31	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	32	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	33	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	35	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	193	36	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	38	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	193	39	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	40	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	41	king	king	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	43	1961	1961	NUM
impactinged-288	193	44	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	45	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	193	46	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	193	47	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	193	48	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	49	tended	tend	VERB
impactinged-288	193	50	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	193	51	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	193	52	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	193	53	demanding	demanding	ADJ
impactinged-288	193	54	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	55	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	56	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	57	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	193	58	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	193	59	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	193	60	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	61	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	193	62	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	193	63	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	193	64	opposite	opposite	NOUN
impactinged-288	193	65	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	193	66	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	193	67	true	true	ADJ
impactinged-288	193	68	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	194	1	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	194	2	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	194	3	surveyed	survey	VERB
impactinged-288	194	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	194	5	86.9	86.9	NUM
impactinged-288	194	6	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	194	8	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	10	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	194	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	194	12	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	194	13	exam	exam	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	14	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	194	15	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	194	16	70.9	70.9	NUM
impactinged-288	194	17	%	%	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	194	19	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	194	20	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	21	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	194	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	194	23	exam	exam	NOUN
impactinged-288	194	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	195	1	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	195	2	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	195	3	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	195	5	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	195	6	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	195	7	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	195	8	explanation	explanation	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	9	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	195	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	195	11	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	195	13	admissions	admission	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	14	testing	testing	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	15	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	195	16	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	195	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	1	previous	previous	ADJ
impactinged-288	196	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	3	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	4	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	6	1987	1987	NUM
impactinged-288	196	7	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	8	hochbein	hochbein	PROPN
impactinged-288	196	9	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	196	10	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	196	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	12	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	196	13	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	14	lester	lester	PROPN
impactinged-288	196	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	16	2004	2004	NUM
impactinged-288	196	17	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	18	noted	note	VERB
impactinged-288	196	19	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	196	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	21	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	22	rarely	rarely	ADV
impactinged-288	196	23	deviated	deviate	VERB
impactinged-288	196	24	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	196	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	196	26	standard	standard	ADJ
impactinged-288	196	27	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	28	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	29	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	196	30	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	196	31	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	196	32	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	33	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	196	34	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	196	35	likely	likely	ADJ
impactinged-288	196	36	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	196	37	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	196	38	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	39	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	196	40	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	196	41	formal	formal	ADJ
impactinged-288	196	42	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	196	43	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	197	1	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	197	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	197	3	shows	show	VERB
impactinged-288	197	4	this	this	PRON
impactinged-288	197	5	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	197	6	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	197	7	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	197	8	true	true	ADJ
impactinged-288	197	9	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	197	10	nearly	nearly	ADV
impactinged-288	197	11	all	all	PRON
impactinged-288	197	12	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	197	13	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	197	14	reviewed	review	VERB
impactinged-288	197	15	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	197	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	197	17	traditional	traditional	ADJ
impactinged-288	197	18	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	197	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	198	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	198	2	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	198	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	198	4	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	5	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	198	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	198	7	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	198	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	198	10	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	198	12	those	those	DET
impactinged-288	198	13	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	14	varies	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	198	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
impactinged-288	198	16	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	198	17	format	format	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	198	19	content	content	NOUN
impactinged-288	198	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	199	1	just	just	ADV
impactinged-288	199	2	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	199	3	half	half	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	199	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	199	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	199	7	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	8	specify	specify	VERB
impactinged-288	199	9	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	199	10	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	199	11	action	action	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	12	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	199	13	oriented	orient	VERB
impactinged-288	199	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	199	15	applied	apply	VERB
impactinged-288	199	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	199	17	executive	executive	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	199	19	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	199	20	thematic	thematic	ADJ
impactinged-288	199	21	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	199	22	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	23	projects	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	199	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	200	1	much	much	ADV
impactinged-288	200	2	like	like	ADP
impactinged-288	200	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	200	4	testing	testing	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	5	requirement	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	6	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	200	7	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	200	8	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	200	9	matter	matter	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	10	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	200	11	audience	audience	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	12	needs	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	200	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	200	15	action	action	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	16	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	17	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	200	19	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	200	20	foster	foster	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	21	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	200	22	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	200	23	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	200	24	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	200	25	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	26	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	200	27	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	28	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	200	29	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	200	30	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	200	31	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	32	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	200	33	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	200	34	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	200	35	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	201	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	201	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	201	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	201	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	201	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	201	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	201	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	201	11	24	24	NUM
impactinged-288	201	12	primary	primary	ADJ
impactinged-288	201	13	feature	feature	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	201	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	201	16	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	201	17	projects	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	201	19	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	201	20	meets	meet	VERB
impactinged-288	201	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	201	22	needs	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	23	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	201	24	professionals	professional	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	25	already	already	ADV
impactinged-288	201	26	working	work	VERB
impactinged-288	201	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	201	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	201	29	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	201	30	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	202	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	202	2	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	3	shows	show	VERB
impactinged-288	202	4	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	5	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	202	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	202	7	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	202	8	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	9	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	10	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	202	11	statistically	statistically	ADV
impactinged-288	202	12	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	202	13	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	14	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	202	15	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	16	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	17	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	18	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	202	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	202	20	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	21	requires	require	VERB
impactinged-288	202	22	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	202	23	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	202	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	203	1	this	this	PRON
impactinged-288	203	2	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	203	3	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	203	4	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
impactinged-288	203	5	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	203	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	203	7	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	203	8	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	203	9	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	203	10	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	203	11	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	203	12	administrators	administrator	NOUN
impactinged-288	203	13	need	need	VERB
impactinged-288	203	14	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	203	15	clearly	clearly	ADV
impactinged-288	203	16	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	203	17	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	203	18	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	203	19	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	203	20	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	203	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	204	1	similar	similar	ADJ
impactinged-288	204	2	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	204	3	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	4	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	204	6	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	204	7	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	204	8	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	204	9	statistically	statistically	ADV
impactinged-288	204	10	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	204	11	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	204	13	total	total	ADJ
impactinged-288	204	14	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	15	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	204	16	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	17	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	204	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	205	1	like	like	ADP
impactinged-288	205	2	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	3	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	205	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	205	6	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	7	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	205	8	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	205	9	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
impactinged-288	205	10	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	205	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	12	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	205	13	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	205	14	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	15	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	205	16	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	205	17	need	need	VERB
impactinged-288	205	18	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	205	19	clearly	clearly	ADV
impactinged-288	205	20	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	205	21	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	22	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	205	23	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	205	24	own	own	ADJ
impactinged-288	205	25	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	205	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	206	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	206	2	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	206	3	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	206	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	6	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	206	7	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	206	8	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	9	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	206	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	206	11	entrance	entrance	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	206	13	exit	exit	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	206	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	207	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	207	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	207	3	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	207	4	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	5	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	207	6	nearly	nearly	ADV
impactinged-288	207	7	identical	identical	ADJ
impactinged-288	207	8	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	207	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	10	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	207	11	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	207	12	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	207	14	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	207	15	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	207	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	207	17	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	207	18	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	19	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	207	20	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	21	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	207	22	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	207	23	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	207	24	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	207	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	207	26	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	207	27	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	207	28	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	207	29	offered	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	207	30	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	208	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	208	2	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	208	3	case	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	208	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	208	5	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	208	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	208	7	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	208	8	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	208	9	likely	likely	ADJ
impactinged-288	208	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	208	11	require	require	VERB
impactinged-288	208	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	208	13	gre	gre	PROPN
impactinged-288	208	14	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	208	15	compared	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	208	16	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	208	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	208	18	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	208	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	209	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	209	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
impactinged-288	209	3	appears	appear	VERB
impactinged-288	209	4	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
impactinged-288	209	5	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	209	6	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	209	7	might	might	AUX
impactinged-288	209	8	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	209	9	expected	expect	VERB
impactinged-288	209	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	210	1	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	210	2	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	210	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	210	4	findings	finding	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	210	6	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	210	7	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	210	9	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	210	10	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	210	11	evident	evident	ADJ
impactinged-288	210	12	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	210	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	14	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	210	15	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	210	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	17	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	210	18	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	210	19	likely	likely	ADJ
impactinged-288	210	20	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	210	21	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	210	22	clearly	clearly	ADV
impactinged-288	210	23	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	210	24	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	25	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	210	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	211	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	211	3	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	211	4	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	211	5	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	211	6	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	211	7	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	211	8	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	211	9	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	211	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	211	11	do	do	VERB
impactinged-288	211	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	212	1	toma	toma	PROPN
impactinged-288	212	2	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	212	3	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	212	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	212	5	contends	contend	VERB
impactinged-288	212	6	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	212	7	reinventing	reinvent	VERB
impactinged-288	212	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	212	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	212	10	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	212	11	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	212	12	legitimize	legitimize	VERB
impactinged-288	212	13	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	14	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	212	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	212	16	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	17	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	212	18	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	19	within	within	ADP
impactinged-288	212	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	212	21	respective	respective	ADJ
impactinged-288	212	22	institution	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	23	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	212	24	establish	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	212	25	specific	specific	ADJ
impactinged-288	212	26	standard	standard	ADJ
impactinged-288	212	27	practices	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	212	29	which	which	PRON
impactinged-288	212	30	already	already	ADV
impactinged-288	212	31	occurs	occur	VERB
impactinged-288	212	32	within	within	ADP
impactinged-288	212	33	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	212	34	advanced	advanced	ADJ
impactinged-288	212	35	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	212	36	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	1	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	213	2	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	213	3	business	business	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	5	law	law	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	213	8	medicine	medicine	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	213	11	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	213	13	specification	specification	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	213	15	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	213	16	established	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	213	17	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	213	18	curricular	curricular	ADJ
impactinged-288	213	19	structure	structure	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	20	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	213	21	implies	imply	VERB
impactinged-288	213	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	23	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	213	24	outside	outside	ADJ
impactinged-288	213	25	communities	community	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	27	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	213	28	graduates	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	29	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	213	30	received	receive	VERB
impactinged-288	213	31	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	213	32	high	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	213	33	level	level	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	34	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	213	35	training	training	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	36	tailored	tailor	VERB
impactinged-288	213	37	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	213	38	specific	specific	ADJ
impactinged-288	213	39	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	40	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	213	41	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	42	toma	toma	PROPN
impactinged-288	213	43	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	44	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	213	45	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	213	46	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	214	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	214	2	notion	notion	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	3	was	be	AUX
impactinged-288	214	4	heralded	herald	VERB
impactinged-288	214	5	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	214	6	guthrie	guthrie	PROPN
impactinged-288	214	7	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	214	8	2009	2009	NUM
impactinged-288	214	9	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	214	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	214	11	who	who	PRON
impactinged-288	214	12	argued	argue	VERB
impactinged-288	214	13	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	14	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	15	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	214	16	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	214	17	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	214	18	attempt	attempt	VERB
impactinged-288	214	19	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	214	20	meet	meet	VERB
impactinged-288	214	21	all	all	DET
impactinged-288	214	22	markets	market	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	23	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	214	24	cram	cram	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	25	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	214	26	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	214	27	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	214	28	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	29	preparation	preparation	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	30	into	into	ADP
impactinged-288	214	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	214	32	same	same	ADJ
impactinged-288	214	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	34	shortchange	shortchange	VERB
impactinged-288	214	35	institutional	institutional	ADJ
impactinged-288	214	36	obligations	obligation	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	37	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	214	38	enrollees	enrollee	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	39	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	214	40	stigmatize	stigmatize	VERB
impactinged-288	214	41	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	42	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	214	43	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	214	44	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	214	45	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	215	1	failure	failure	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	2	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	215	3	correct	correct	VERB
impactinged-288	215	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	215	5	shortcoming	shortcoming	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	215	7	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	215	8	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	9	ensures	ensure	VERB
impactinged-288	215	10	continuance	continuance	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	11	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	215	12	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	215	14	both	both	PRON
impactinged-288	215	15	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	215	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	215	17	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	215	18	4	4	NUM
impactinged-288	215	19	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	215	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	216	2	contention	contention	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	3	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	216	4	neither	neither	CCONJ
impactinged-288	216	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	216	6	new	new	ADJ
impactinged-288	216	7	nor	nor	CCONJ
impactinged-288	216	8	marvel	marvel	ADJ
impactinged-288	216	9	idea	idea	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	11	rather	rather	ADV
impactinged-288	216	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	13	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	216	14	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	216	15	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	216	16	posited	posit	VERB
impactinged-288	216	17	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	216	18	several	several	ADJ
impactinged-288	216	19	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	20	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	216	21	decades	decade	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	23	brown	brown	ADJ
impactinged-288	216	24	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	25	1990	1990	NUM
impactinged-288	216	26	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	27	deering	deering	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	28	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	29	1998	1998	NUM
impactinged-288	216	30	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	31	schulman	schulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	216	32	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	33	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	216	34	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	216	35	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	216	36	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	37	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	216	38	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	39	toma	toma	PROPN
impactinged-288	216	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	41	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	216	42	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	43	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	216	44	yet	yet	CCONJ
impactinged-288	216	45	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	216	46	challenges	challenge	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	47	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	216	48	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	49	persist	persist	NOUN
impactinged-288	216	50	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	217	1	limitations	limitation	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	217	3	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	4	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	217	5	further	further	ADJ
impactinged-288	217	6	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	7	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	8	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	217	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	217	10	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	11	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	217	12	attempted	attempt	VERB
impactinged-288	217	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	217	14	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	217	15	thorough	thorough	ADJ
impactinged-288	217	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	217	17	further	further	ADJ
impactinged-288	217	18	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	19	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	217	20	address	address	VERB
impactinged-288	217	21	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	217	22	limitations	limitation	NOUN
impactinged-288	217	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	218	1	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	218	2	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	218	3	limitation	limitation	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	4	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	218	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	218	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	218	7	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	218	8	exhaustive	exhaustive	ADJ
impactinged-288	218	9	survey	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	10	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	218	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	218	12	core	core	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	13	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	218	14	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	218	15	courses	course	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	16	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	218	17	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	218	18	included	include	VERB
impactinged-288	218	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	218	20	future	future	ADJ
impactinged-288	218	21	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	22	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	218	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	218	24	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	25	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	218	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	218	27	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	218	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	219	1	considerations	consideration	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	219	3	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	219	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	219	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	7	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	219	8	evolved	evolve	VERB
impactinged-288	219	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	219	10	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	219	11	definition	definition	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	219	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	219	14	core	core	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	15	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	16	may	may	AUX
impactinged-288	219	17	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	219	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	219	19	note	note	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	219	21	considering	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	219	22	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	219	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	219	24	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	25	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	219	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	219	27	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	219	28	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	219	29	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	30	vary	vary	VERB
impactinged-288	219	31	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	219	32	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	219	33	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	219	34	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	1	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	220	2	recent	recent	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	3	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	4	noted	note	VERB
impactinged-288	220	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	220	6	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	220	7	was	be	VERB
impactinged-288	220	8	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	9	common	common	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	10	agreement	agreement	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	220	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	220	13	subject	subject	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	14	matter	matter	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	15	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	220	17	organization	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	19	leadership	leadership	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	21	administration	administration	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	23	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	220	24	history	history	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	26	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	27	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	220	28	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	220	29	stated	state	VERB
impactinged-288	220	30	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	220	31	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	220	32	was	be	VERB
impactinged-288	220	33	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	220	34	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	35	growing	grow	VERB
impactinged-288	220	36	consensus	consensus	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	37	among	among	ADP
impactinged-288	220	38	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	39	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	40	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	41	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	42	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	220	43	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	220	44	position	position	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	45	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	220	46	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	47	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	48	law	law	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	49	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	220	50	finance	finance	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	51	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	220	52	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	220	53	curricular	curricular	ADJ
impactinged-288	220	54	core	core	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	55	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	56	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	57	card	card	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	58	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	220	59	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	220	60	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	220	61	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	62	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	220	63	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	64	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	220	65	127	127	NUM
impactinged-288	220	66	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	220	67	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	221	1	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	221	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	3	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	221	4	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	221	5	considering	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	221	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	221	7	cocurricular	cocurricular	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	8	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	221	9	extracurricular	extracurricular	ADJ
impactinged-288	221	10	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	221	12	traditions	tradition	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	13	around	around	ADP
impactinged-288	221	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	221	15	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	221	16	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	17	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	221	18	might	might	AUX
impactinged-288	221	19	provide	provide	VERB
impactinged-288	221	20	further	further	ADJ
impactinged-288	221	21	insight	insight	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	22	into	into	ADP
impactinged-288	221	23	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	221	24	campuses	campus	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	25	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	221	26	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	221	27	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	28	create	create	VERB
impactinged-288	221	29	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	30	outside	outside	ADP
impactinged-288	221	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	221	32	organized	organized	ADJ
impactinged-288	221	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	221	34	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	222	1	surveys	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	222	3	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	4	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	222	5	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	222	6	examination	examination	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	222	8	student	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	9	organizations	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	10	might	might	AUX
impactinged-288	222	11	better	well	ADV
impactinged-288	222	12	inform	inform	VERB
impactinged-288	222	13	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	222	14	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	222	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	223	1	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	223	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
impactinged-288	223	3	would	would	AUX
impactinged-288	223	4	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	223	5	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	223	6	consider	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	223	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	223	8	cost	cost	NOUN
impactinged-288	223	9	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	223	10	attendance	attendance	NOUN
impactinged-288	223	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	224	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	224	2	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	224	3	article	article	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	4	does	do	AUX
impactinged-288	224	5	discuss	discuss	VERB
impactinged-288	224	6	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	224	7	variations	variation	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	8	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	224	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	224	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	224	11	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	12	required	require	VERB
impactinged-288	224	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	224	14	complete	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	224	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	224	16	different	different	ADJ
impactinged-288	224	17	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	224	18	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	224	20	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	224	21	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	224	22	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	224	23	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	224	24	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	25	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	224	26	consider	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	224	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	224	28	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	29	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	224	30	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	224	31	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	224	32	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	224	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	225	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
impactinged-288	225	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	225	3	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	4	hours	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	5	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	225	6	completion	completion	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	7	variations	variation	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	225	9	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	225	10	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	225	11	expense	expense	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	12	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	13	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	225	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	225	15	credit	credit	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	16	hour	hour	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	17	costs	cost	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	225	19	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	225	20	institution	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	225	21	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	226	1	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	226	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	3	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	226	4	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	226	5	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	226	6	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	226	7	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	226	9	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	226	10	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	226	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
impactinged-288	226	12	expenses	expense	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	13	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	226	14	prestige	prestige	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	15	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	226	16	another	another	DET
impactinged-288	226	17	institution	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	18	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	226	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	226	20	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	226	21	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	226	22	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	227	1	finally	finally	ADV
impactinged-288	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	227	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	227	4	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	227	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	227	6	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	227	7	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	227	8	consider	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	227	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	227	10	lasting	last	VERB
impactinged-288	227	11	impact	impact	NOUN
impactinged-288	227	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	227	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	227	14	various	various	ADJ
impactinged-288	227	15	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	227	16	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	228	1	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	228	2	similarities	similarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	228	4	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	5	do	do	AUX
impactinged-288	228	6	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	228	7	see	see	VERB
impactinged-288	228	8	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	228	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	228	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	228	11	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	12	graduates	graduates	PROPN
impactinged-288	228	13	’	'	PUNCT
impactinged-288	228	14	salaries	salary	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	228	16	job	job	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	17	placements	placement	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	228	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	228	20	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	21	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	22	after	after	ADP
impactinged-288	228	23	completing	complete	VERB
impactinged-288	228	24	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	228	25	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	228	26	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	229	1	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	229	2	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	3	would	would	AUX
impactinged-288	229	4	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	229	5	align	align	VERB
impactinged-288	229	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	229	7	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	229	9	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	229	10	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	11	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	229	12	further	further	VERB
impactinged-288	229	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	229	14	broader	broad	ADJ
impactinged-288	229	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	229	16	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	229	17	informed	informed	ADJ
impactinged-288	229	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	19	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	229	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	229	21	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	22	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	229	23	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	229	24	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	25	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	229	26	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	229	27	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	229	28	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	29	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	229	30	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	229	31	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	229	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	230	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	2	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	230	3	conducting	conduct	VERB
impactinged-288	230	4	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	230	5	investigation	investigation	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	230	7	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	230	8	only	only	ADV
impactinged-288	230	9	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	230	10	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	230	11	contributed	contribute	VERB
impactinged-288	230	12	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	230	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	230	14	discussion	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	15	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	230	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	230	17	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	230	18	state	state	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	19	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	230	20	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	230	21	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	230	22	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	23	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	230	24	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	230	25	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	26	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	230	27	but	but	CCONJ
impactinged-288	230	28	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	230	29	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	230	30	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	230	31	uncovered	uncover	VERB
impactinged-288	230	32	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	230	33	methodological	methodological	ADJ
impactinged-288	230	34	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	35	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	230	36	need	need	VERB
impactinged-288	230	37	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	230	38	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	230	39	addressed	address	VERB
impactinged-288	230	40	if	if	SCONJ
impactinged-288	230	41	we	we	PRON
impactinged-288	230	42	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	230	43	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	230	44	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	230	45	examine	examine	VERB
impactinged-288	230	46	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	230	47	progress	progress	NOUN
impactinged-288	230	48	reliably	reliably	ADV
impactinged-288	230	49	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	231	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	231	2	variability	variability	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	231	4	results	result	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	5	reported	report	VERB
impactinged-288	231	6	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	231	7	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	8	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	231	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	231	10	past	past	ADJ
impactinged-288	231	11	40	40	NUM
impactinged-288	231	12	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	13	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	231	14	more	more	ADV
impactinged-288	231	15	likely	likely	ADJ
impactinged-288	231	16	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	231	17	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	231	18	due	due	ADJ
impactinged-288	231	19	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	231	20	sampling	sample	VERB
impactinged-288	231	21	error	error	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	22	than	than	ADP
impactinged-288	231	23	real	real	ADJ
impactinged-288	231	24	changes	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	25	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	231	26	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
impactinged-288	231	27	offerings	offering	NOUN
impactinged-288	231	28	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	232	1	prior	prior	ADV
impactinged-288	232	2	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	232	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	232	4	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	232	5	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	232	7	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	232	9	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	232	10	area	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	11	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	232	12	relied	rely	VERB
impactinged-288	232	13	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	232	14	returned	return	VERB
impactinged-288	232	15	surveys	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	16	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	232	17	website	website	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	18	searches	search	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	19	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	232	20	gather	gather	VERB
impactinged-288	232	21	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	22	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	232	23	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	24	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	232	25	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	232	26	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	232	28	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	232	29	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	232	30	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	233	2	these	these	PRON
impactinged-288	233	3	offer	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	233	4	useful	useful	ADJ
impactinged-288	233	5	insights	insight	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	6	into	into	ADP
impactinged-288	233	7	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	8	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	233	10	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	12	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	233	13	is	be	VERB
impactinged-288	233	14	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV
impactinged-288	233	15	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	233	16	high	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	233	17	level	level	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	233	19	inconsistency	inconsistency	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	233	21	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	233	22	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	233	23	either	either	CCONJ
impactinged-288	233	24	returned	return	VERB
impactinged-288	233	25	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	26	via	via	ADP
impactinged-288	233	27	survey	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	28	design	design	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	29	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	30	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	233	31	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	233	32	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	233	33	found	find	VERB
impactinged-288	233	34	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	35	via	via	ADP
impactinged-288	233	36	search	search	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	37	engines	engine	NOUN
impactinged-288	233	38	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	233	39	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	234	1	large	large	ADJ
impactinged-288	234	2	organization	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	3	lists	list	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	234	5	like	like	ADP
impactinged-288	234	6	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	234	7	maintained	maintain	VERB
impactinged-288	234	8	by	by	ADP
impactinged-288	234	9	ashe	ashe	PROPN
impactinged-288	234	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	234	11	provide	provide	VERB
impactinged-288	234	12	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	234	13	common	common	ADJ
impactinged-288	234	14	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	234	15	repeatable	repeatable	ADJ
impactinged-288	234	16	methodological	methodological	ADJ
impactinged-288	234	17	foundation	foundation	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	18	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	234	19	future	future	ADJ
impactinged-288	234	20	researchers	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	21	can	can	AUX
impactinged-288	234	22	use	use	VERB
impactinged-288	234	23	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	234	24	compare	compare	VERB
impactinged-288	234	25	numbers	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	26	reliably	reliably	ADV
impactinged-288	234	27	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	234	28	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	234	29	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	235	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	235	2	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	235	3	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	235	4	possible	possible	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	5	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	235	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	235	7	institutional	institutional	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	8	list	list	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	9	obtained	obtain	VERB
impactinged-288	235	10	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	235	11	ashe	ashe	PROPN
impactinged-288	235	12	omitted	omit	VERB
impactinged-288	235	13	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	235	14	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	15	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	16	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	235	18	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	235	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	20	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	235	21	added	add	VERB
impactinged-288	235	22	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	235	23	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	235	24	types	type	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	25	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	235	26	lists	list	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	235	28	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	235	29	become	become	VERB
impactinged-288	235	30	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
impactinged-288	235	31	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	32	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	235	33	clear	clear	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	34	details	detail	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	35	about	about	ADP
impactinged-288	235	36	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	235	37	much	much	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	38	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	39	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	235	40	occurred	occur	VERB
impactinged-288	235	41	between	between	ADP
impactinged-288	235	42	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	43	using	use	VERB
impactinged-288	235	44	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	235	45	same	same	ADJ
impactinged-288	235	46	list	list	NOUN
impactinged-288	235	47	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	236	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	236	2	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	3	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	236	4	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	5	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	236	6	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	236	7	established	establish	VERB
impactinged-288	236	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	236	9	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	236	10	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	11	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	12	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	236	13	shifting	shift	VERB
impactinged-288	236	14	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	236	15	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	236	16	continuously	continuously	ADV
impactinged-288	236	17	being	be	AUX
impactinged-288	236	18	revamped	revamp	VERB
impactinged-288	236	19	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	236	20	answer	answer	VERB
impactinged-288	236	21	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	236	22	call	call	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	23	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	236	24	increased	increase	VERB
impactinged-288	236	25	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	236	26	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	236	28	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	236	29	number	number	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	30	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	236	31	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	32	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	236	33	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	236	34	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	236	35	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	236	36	robinson	robinson	PROPN
impactinged-288	236	37	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	236	38	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	236	39	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	236	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	236	41	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	236	42	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	236	43	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	237	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	237	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	237	3	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	237	4	update	update	NOUN
impactinged-288	237	5	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	237	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	237	7	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	237	8	state	state	NOUN
impactinged-288	237	9	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	237	10	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	237	11	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	237	12	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	237	13	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	237	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	237	15	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	237	16	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	237	17	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	237	18	happening	happen	VERB
impactinged-288	237	19	slowly	slowly	ADV
impactinged-288	237	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	238	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	238	2	update	update	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	3	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	238	4	provides	provide	VERB
impactinged-288	238	5	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	238	6	overview	overview	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	238	8	what	what	DET
impactinged-288	238	9	changes	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	10	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	238	11	occurred	occur	VERB
impactinged-288	238	12	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	238	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	238	14	past	past	ADJ
impactinged-288	238	15	decade	decade	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	16	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	238	17	reflects	reflect	VERB
impactinged-288	238	18	where	where	SCONJ
impactinged-288	238	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	238	20	similarities	similarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	21	remain	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	238	22	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	238	23	thus	thus	ADV
impactinged-288	238	24	perpetuating	perpetuate	VERB
impactinged-288	238	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	238	26	debate	debate	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	238	28	practicality	practicality	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	29	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	238	30	perception	perception	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	31	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	238	32	application	application	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	33	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	238	34	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	238	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	239	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	239	2	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	239	3	must	must	AUX
impactinged-288	239	4	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	239	5	viewed	view	VERB
impactinged-288	239	6	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	239	7	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	239	8	true	true	ADJ
impactinged-288	239	9	value	value	NOUN
impactinged-288	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	239	11	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	239	12	add	add	VERB
impactinged-288	239	13	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	239	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	239	15	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	239	16	skills	skill	NOUN
impactinged-288	239	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	240	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	240	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	240	4	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	240	5	successful	successful	ADJ
impactinged-288	240	6	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	240	7	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	240	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	240	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	240	10	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	240	11	must	must	AUX
impactinged-288	240	12	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	240	13	true	true	ADJ
impactinged-288	240	14	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	240	15	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	240	16	based	base	VERB
impactinged-288	240	17	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	240	18	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	240	19	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	240	20	must	must	AUX
impactinged-288	240	21	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	240	22	completely	completely	ADV
impactinged-288	240	23	separate	separate	ADJ
impactinged-288	240	24	from	from	ADP
impactinged-288	240	25	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	240	26	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	240	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	241	1	if	if	SCONJ
impactinged-288	241	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	241	3	goal	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	4	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	241	5	true	true	ADJ
impactinged-288	241	6	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	241	8	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	241	9	data	data	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	10	suggests	suggest	VERB
impactinged-288	241	11	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	241	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	13	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	241	14	departments	department	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	241	16	administrators	administrator	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	17	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	241	18	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	241	19	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	241	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	241	21	regulate	regulate	VERB
impactinged-288	241	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	241	23	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	24	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	241	25	distinct	distinct	ADJ
impactinged-288	241	26	forms	form	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	241	28	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	241	29	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	30	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	241	31	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	241	32	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	241	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	242	1	first	first	ADV
impactinged-288	242	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	242	3	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	242	4	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	242	5	consider	consider	VERB
impactinged-288	242	6	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	242	7	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	242	8	determine	determine	VERB
impactinged-288	242	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	242	10	core	core	NOUN
impactinged-288	242	11	curriculums	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	242	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	242	13	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	242	14	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	242	15	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	242	16	research	research	VERB
impactinged-288	242	17	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	242	18	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	242	19	expectations	expectation	NOUN
impactinged-288	242	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	243	1	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	2	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	243	3	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	243	4	developed	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	243	5	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	243	6	consortiums	consortium	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	7	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	243	8	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	243	9	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	243	10	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	11	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	12	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	243	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	243	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	15	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	16	as	as	ADV
impactinged-288	243	17	well	well	ADV
impactinged-288	243	18	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	243	19	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	243	20	organizations	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	21	related	relate	VERB
impactinged-288	243	22	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	243	23	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	24	areas	area	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	25	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	243	26	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	243	27	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
impactinged-288	243	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	243	29	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	243	30	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	243	31	phd	phd	PROPN
impactinged-288	243	32	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	243	33	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	34	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	243	35	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	36	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	243	37	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	243	38	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	243	39	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	40	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	243	41	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	243	42	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	243	43	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	244	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	244	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	244	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	244	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	244	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	11	25	25	NUM
impactinged-288	244	12	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	13	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	14	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	244	15	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	244	16	national	national	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	17	association	association	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	244	19	student	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	20	personnel	personnel	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	21	administrators	administrator	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	23	naspa	naspa	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	24	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	26	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	27	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	244	28	deans	dean	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	29	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	244	30	directors	director	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	244	32	university	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	33	colleges	college	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	34	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	244	35	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	36	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	38	national	national	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	39	academic	academic	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	40	advising	advising	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	41	association	association	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	42	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	43	nacada	nacada	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	44	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	45	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	46	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	244	47	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	48	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	244	49	international	international	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	50	educators	educator	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	51	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	52	nafsa	nafsa	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	53	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	54	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	55	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	244	56	american	american	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	57	college	college	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	58	personnel	personnel	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	59	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	60	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	61	acpa	acpa	PROPN
impactinged-288	244	62	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	63	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	244	64	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	244	65	other	other	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	66	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	67	organizations	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	68	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	244	69	define	define	VERB
impactinged-288	244	70	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	244	71	modern	modern	ADJ
impactinged-288	244	72	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	73	skillsets	skillset	NOUN
impactinged-288	244	74	needed	need	VERB
impactinged-288	244	75	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	245	1	through	through	ADP
impactinged-288	245	2	reviewing	review	VERB
impactinged-288	245	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	245	4	standards	standard	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	245	6	missions	mission	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	245	8	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	245	9	values	value	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	10	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	245	11	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	245	12	organizations	organization	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	245	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	245	15	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	245	16	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	245	17	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	245	18	aligned	align	VERB
impactinged-288	245	19	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	245	20	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	245	21	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	22	’s	’s	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	23	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	24	as	as	SCONJ
impactinged-288	245	25	opposed	oppose	VERB
impactinged-288	245	26	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	245	27	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	245	28	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	29	focus	focus	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	30	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	245	31	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	32	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	245	33	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
impactinged-288	245	34	duties	duty	NOUN
impactinged-288	245	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	246	1	such	such	ADJ
impactinged-288	246	2	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	3	might	might	AUX
impactinged-288	246	4	allow	allow	VERB
impactinged-288	246	5	students	student	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	6	seeking	seek	VERB
impactinged-288	246	7	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	246	8	terminal	terminal	ADJ
impactinged-288	246	9	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	246	11	better	well	ADV
impactinged-288	246	12	understand	understand	VERB
impactinged-288	246	13	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	246	14	engage	engage	VERB
impactinged-288	246	15	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	246	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	246	17	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	246	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	246	20	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	246	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	246	23	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	24	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	246	25	pursue	pursue	VERB
impactinged-288	246	26	one	one	NUM
impactinged-288	246	27	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
impactinged-288	246	28	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	246	29	their	their	PRON
impactinged-288	246	30	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	246	31	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	246	32	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	1	this	this	PRON
impactinged-288	247	2	may	may	AUX
impactinged-288	247	3	also	also	ADV
impactinged-288	247	4	help	help	VERB
impactinged-288	247	5	provide	provide	VERB
impactinged-288	247	6	structure	structure	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	247	8	support	support	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	9	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	247	10	those	those	PRON
impactinged-288	247	11	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	247	12	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	247	13	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	247	14	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	247	15	face	face	VERB
impactinged-288	247	16	impostor	impostor	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	17	syndrome	syndrome	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	18	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	247	19	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	247	20	belief	belief	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	21	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	247	22	they	they	PRON
impactinged-288	247	23	are	be	AUX
impactinged-288	247	24	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	25	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	247	26	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	247	27	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	247	28	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	247	29	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	30	world	world	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	31	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	32	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	33	doran	doran	PROPN
impactinged-288	247	34	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	35	2021	2021	NUM
impactinged-288	247	36	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	37	p.	p.	NOUN
impactinged-288	247	38	110	110	NUM
impactinged-288	247	39	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	247	40	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	248	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	2	responsiveness	responsiveness	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	248	4	definition	definition	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	5	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	248	6	expectations	expectation	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	248	8	response	response	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	9	to	to	ADP
impactinged-288	248	10	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	11	development	development	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	12	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	248	13	career	career	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	14	aspirations	aspiration	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	15	within	within	ADP
impactinged-288	248	16	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	248	17	goals	goal	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	248	19	structures	structure	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	20	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	248	21	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	22	academic	academic	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	23	standings	standing	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	24	could	could	AUX
impactinged-288	248	25	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	248	26	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	248	27	core	core	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	28	way	way	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	29	for	for	SCONJ
impactinged-288	248	30	these	these	DET
impactinged-288	248	31	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	32	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	248	33	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	248	34	defined	define	VERB
impactinged-288	248	35	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	248	36	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	37	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	248	38	themed	theme	VERB
impactinged-288	248	39	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	248	40	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	41	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	248	42	focused	focus	VERB
impactinged-288	248	43	if	if	SCONJ
impactinged-288	248	44	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	248	45	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	248	46	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	248	47	understood	understood	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	48	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	49	most	most	ADJ
impactinged-288	248	50	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	248	51	pursue	pursue	VERB
impactinged-288	248	52	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	249	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	249	2	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	249	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	249	4	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	249	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	249	6	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	249	7	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	249	8	were	be	AUX
impactinged-288	249	9	designed	design	VERB
impactinged-288	249	10	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	249	11	serve	serve	VERB
impactinged-288	249	12	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	249	13	distinct	distinct	ADJ
impactinged-288	249	14	purposes	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	249	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	249	16	each	each	PRON
impactinged-288	249	17	with	with	ADP
impactinged-288	249	18	unique	unique	ADJ
impactinged-288	249	19	curricula	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	249	20	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	249	21	assessments	assessment	NOUN
impactinged-288	249	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	250	1	while	while	SCONJ
impactinged-288	250	2	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	250	3	has	have	AUX
impactinged-288	250	4	been	be	AUX
impactinged-288	250	5	progress	progress	NOUN
impactinged-288	250	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	250	7	especially	especially	ADV
impactinged-288	250	8	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	250	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	250	10	offering	offer	VERB
impactinged-288	250	11	both	both	DET
impactinged-288	250	12	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	250	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	250	14	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	250	15	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	250	16	still	still	ADV
impactinged-288	250	17	needs	need	VERB
impactinged-288	250	18	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	250	19	occur	occur	VERB
impactinged-288	250	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	251	1	this	this	DET
impactinged-288	251	2	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	251	3	shows	show	VERB
impactinged-288	251	4	some	some	DET
impactinged-288	251	5	significant	significant	ADJ
impactinged-288	251	6	differences	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	251	7	;	;	PUNCT
impactinged-288	251	8	thus	thus	ADV
impactinged-288	251	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	251	10	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	251	11	appears	appear	VERB
impactinged-288	251	12	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	251	13	work	work	NOUN
impactinged-288	251	14	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	251	15	being	be	AUX
impactinged-288	251	16	done	do	VERB
impactinged-288	251	17	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	252	1	however	however	ADV
impactinged-288	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	252	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	252	4	remains	remain	VERB
impactinged-288	252	5	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	252	6	need	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	7	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	252	8	continued	continue	VERB
impactinged-288	252	9	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	10	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	252	11	definition	definition	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	252	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	252	14	roles	role	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	15	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	252	16	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	252	17	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	252	19	defining	define	VERB
impactinged-288	252	20	targeted	target	VERB
impactinged-288	252	21	populations	population	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	22	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	252	23	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	252	24	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	252	26	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	252	27	meeting	meet	VERB
impactinged-288	252	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	252	29	needs	need	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	30	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	252	31	each	each	DET
impactinged-288	252	32	population	population	NOUN
impactinged-288	252	33	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	253	1	further	far	ADV
impactinged-288	253	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	253	3	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	253	4	needs	need	VERB
impactinged-288	253	5	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	253	6	be	be	AUX
impactinged-288	253	7	more	more	ADJ
impactinged-288	253	8	clarity	clarity	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	9	toward	toward	ADP
impactinged-288	253	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	253	11	value	value	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	12	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	253	13	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	253	14	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	253	15	independent	independent	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	253	17	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	253	18	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	253	20	so	so	SCONJ
impactinged-288	253	21	that	that	SCONJ
impactinged-288	253	22	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	253	23	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	253	24	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	253	25	valued	value	VERB
impactinged-288	253	26	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	253	27	its	its	PRON
impactinged-288	253	28	purpose	purpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	29	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	253	30	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	253	31	seen	see	VERB
impactinged-288	253	32	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	253	33	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	253	34	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	35	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	253	36	lite	lite	NOUN
impactinged-288	253	37	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	254	1	declarations	declaration	NOUN
impactinged-288	254	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	254	3	authors	author	NOUN
impactinged-288	254	4	have	have	VERB
impactinged-288	254	5	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	254	6	relevant	relevant	ADJ
impactinged-288	254	7	financial	financial	ADJ
impactinged-288	254	8	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	254	9	non	non	ADJ
impactinged-288	254	10	-	-	ADJ
impactinged-288	254	11	financial	financial	ADJ
impactinged-288	254	12	interests	interest	NOUN
impactinged-288	254	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	254	14	disclose	disclose	VERB
impactinged-288	254	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	255	1	authors	author	NOUN
impactinged-288	255	2	declare	declare	VERB
impactinged-288	255	3	no	no	DET
impactinged-288	255	4	competing	compete	VERB
impactinged-288	255	5	interests	interest	NOUN
impactinged-288	255	6	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	1	references	reference	NOUN
impactinged-288	256	2	aiken	aiken	PROPN
impactinged-288	256	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	4	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	256	5	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	256	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	7	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	256	8	gerstle	gerstle	NOUN
impactinged-288	256	9	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	10	pepin	pepin	NOUN
impactinged-288	256	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	12	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	256	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	14	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	256	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	256	16	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	257	1	envisioning	envision	VERB
impactinged-288	257	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	257	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	257	4	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	257	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	257	6	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	257	7	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	257	8	partnership	partnership	NOUN
impactinged-288	257	9	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	257	10	change	change	NOUN
impactinged-288	257	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	258	1	planning	planning	NOUN
impactinged-288	258	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	258	3	changing	change	VERB
impactinged-288	258	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	258	5	44(3/4	44(3/4	NUM
impactinged-288	258	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	258	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	258	8	162–180	162–180	NUM
impactinged-288	258	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	259	1	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	PROPN
impactinged-288	259	2	anderson	anderson	PROPN
impactinged-288	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	259	4	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	259	5	g.	g.	PROPN
impactinged-288	259	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	259	7	1983	1983	NUM
impactinged-288	259	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	259	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	260	1	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
impactinged-288	260	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	260	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	260	4	ed.d	ed.d	NOUN
impactinged-288	260	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	261	1	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	261	2	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	261	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	262	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	262	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	262	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	263	1	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	263	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	263	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
impactinged-288	263	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	263	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	263	6	34(3	34(3	NUM
impactinged-288	263	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	263	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	263	9	55–58	55–58	NUM
impactinged-288	263	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	264	1	http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jte	http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jte	PROPN
impactinged-288	264	2	baez	baez	PROPN
impactinged-288	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	264	4	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	264	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	264	6	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	264	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	264	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	265	1	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	265	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	265	3	distinction	distinction	NOUN
impactinged-288	265	4	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	265	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	265	6	ed.d	ed.d	NOUN
impactinged-288	265	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	266	1	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	266	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	266	3	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	266	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	267	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	267	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	267	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	268	1	paper	paper	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	2	presented	present	VERB
impactinged-288	268	3	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	268	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	268	5	annual	annual	ADJ
impactinged-288	268	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	268	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	268	9	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	10	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	268	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	268	12	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	268	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	268	16	sacramento	sacramento	PROPN
impactinged-288	268	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	268	18	ca	ca	NOUN
impactinged-288	268	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	269	1	boyce	boyce	PROPN
impactinged-288	269	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	269	3	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	269	4	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	269	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	269	6	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	269	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	269	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	270	1	redefining	redefine	VERB
impactinged-288	270	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	270	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	270	4	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	270	5	seeking	seek	VERB
impactinged-288	270	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	270	7	separate	separate	ADJ
impactinged-288	270	8	identity	identity	NOUN
impactinged-288	270	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	271	1	quest	quest	NOUN
impactinged-288	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	271	3	64	64	NUM
impactinged-288	271	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	271	5	24–33	24–33	NUM
impactinged-288	271	6	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2012.653260	https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2012.653260	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	2	brown	brown	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	4	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	5	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	7	1990	1990	NUM
impactinged-288	272	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	10	“	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	11	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	272	12	perspective	perspective	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	13	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	272	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	272	15	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	16	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	17	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	18	discussion	discussion	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	19	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	272	20	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	272	22	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	24	”	"	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	25	paper	paper	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	26	presented	present	VERB
impactinged-288	272	27	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	272	28	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	272	29	annual	annual	ADJ
impactinged-288	272	30	meeting	meeting	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	31	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	272	32	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	272	33	american	american	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	34	educational	educational	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	35	research	research	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	36	association	association	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	37	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	38	17–20	17–20	NUM
impactinged-288	272	39	april	april	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	40	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	41	boston	boston	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	42	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	43	ma	ma	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	44	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	45	available	available	ADJ
impactinged-288	272	46	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	272	47	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ed320882.pdf	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ed320882.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	48	card	card	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	49	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	50	k.	k.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	51	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	52	chambers	chamber	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	53	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	54	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	55	r.	r.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	56	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	57	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	272	58	freeman	freeman	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	59	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	60	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	61	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	62	jr	jr	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	63	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	272	64	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	65	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	272	66	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	67	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	272	68	is	be	AUX
impactinged-288	272	69	there	there	PRON
impactinged-288	272	70	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	272	71	core	core	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	72	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	73	across	across	ADP
impactinged-288	272	74	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	272	75	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	76	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	272	77	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	272	78	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	273	1	international	international	ADJ
impactinged-288	273	2	journal	journal	PROPN
impactinged-288	273	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	273	4	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	273	5	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	273	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	273	7	11	11	NUM
impactinged-288	273	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	273	9	127–146	127–146	NUM
impactinged-288	273	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	274	1	http://ijds.org/volume11/ijdsv11p127-146card2042.pdf	http://ijds.org/volume11/ijdsv11p127-146card2042.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	274	2	carpenter	carpenter	PROPN
impactinged-288	274	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	274	4	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	274	5	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	274	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	274	7	1987	1987	NUM
impactinged-288	274	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	274	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	275	1	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	275	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	275	3	difference	difference	NOUN
impactinged-288	275	4	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	276	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	276	2	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	276	3	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	277	1	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	277	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	277	3	ed.d	ed.d	NOUN
impactinged-288	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	278	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	278	2	review	review	NOUN
impactinged-288	278	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	278	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	278	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	278	7	10(3	10(3	NUM
impactinged-288	278	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	278	10	281–286	281–286	NUM
impactinged-288	278	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	279	1	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1987.0024	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1987.0024	VERB
impactinged-288	279	2	carter	carter	PROPN
impactinged-288	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	279	4	m.	m.	NOUN
impactinged-288	279	5	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	279	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	279	7	1956	1956	NUM
impactinged-288	279	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	279	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	280	1	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	280	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	280	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	280	5	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	280	6	requirements	requirement	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	280	8	forty	forty	NUM
impactinged-288	280	9	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	280	10	four	four	NUM
impactinged-288	280	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	12	conferring	confer	VERB
impactinged-288	280	13	both	both	CCONJ
impactinged-288	280	14	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	280	15	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	16	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	280	17	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	18	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	280	19	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	20	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	280	21	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	22	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	280	23	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	24	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	280	25	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	280	26	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	281	1	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	281	2	master	master	NOUN
impactinged-288	281	3	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	281	4	thesis	thesis	NOUN
impactinged-288	281	5	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	281	6	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	282	1	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&conte	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&conte	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	2	xt	xt	PUNCT
impactinged-288	282	3	=	=	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	4	educ_teelp_etds	educ_teelp_etds	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	5	courtenay	courtenay	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	282	7	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	8	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	282	9	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	282	10	1988	1988	NUM
impactinged-288	282	11	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	282	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	283	1	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
impactinged-288	283	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	283	3	confusion	confusion	NOUN
impactinged-288	283	4	over	over	ADP
impactinged-288	283	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	283	6	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	283	7	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	283	8	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	283	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	283	10	colleges	college	NOUN
impactinged-288	283	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	283	12	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	283	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	283	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	283	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	284	1	innovative	innovative	ADJ
impactinged-288	284	2	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	284	3	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	284	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	284	5	13(1	13(1	NUM
impactinged-288	284	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	284	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	284	8	11–20	11–20	NUM
impactinged-288	284	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00898127	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00898127	X
impactinged-288	285	2	crosson	crosson	NOUN
impactinged-288	285	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	4	p.	p.	PROPN
impactinged-288	285	5	h.	h.	PROPN
impactinged-288	285	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	7	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	285	8	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	285	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	10	g.	g.	PROPN
impactinged-288	285	11	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	285	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	13	1986	1986	NUM
impactinged-288	285	14	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	285	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	286	1	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	286	2	profile	profile	NOUN
impactinged-288	286	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	286	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	286	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	286	6	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	286	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	286	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	287	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	287	2	review	review	NOUN
impactinged-288	287	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	287	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	287	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	287	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	287	7	9(3	9(3	NUM
impactinged-288	287	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	287	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	287	10	335–337	335–337	NUM
impactinged-288	287	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	288	1	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1986.0027	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1986.0027	ADJ
impactinged-288	288	2	de	de	X
impactinged-288	288	3	lisi	lisi	X
impactinged-288	288	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	288	5	r.	r.	PROPN
impactinged-288	288	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	288	7	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	288	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	288	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	289	1	reflection	reflection	NOUN
impactinged-288	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	289	3	reconstruction	reconstruction	NOUN
impactinged-288	289	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	289	5	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	289	6	transformation	transformation	NOUN
impactinged-288	289	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	289	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	289	9	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	289	10	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	289	11	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	289	12	dean	dean	PROPN
impactinged-288	289	13	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	289	14	perspective	perspective	NOUN
impactinged-288	289	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	290	1	planning	planning	NOUN
impactinged-288	290	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	290	3	changing	change	VERB
impactinged-288	290	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	290	5	44(3/4	44(3/4	NUM
impactinged-288	290	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	290	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	290	8	127–139	127–139	NUM
impactinged-288	290	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	291	1	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	PROPN
impactinged-288	291	2	deering	deering	PROPN
impactinged-288	291	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	291	4	t.	t.	PROPN
impactinged-288	291	5	e.	e.	PROPN
impactinged-288	291	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	291	7	1998	1998	NUM
impactinged-288	291	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	291	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	292	1	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
impactinged-288	292	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	292	3	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	292	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	292	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	292	6	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	292	7	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	292	8	it	it	PRON
impactinged-288	292	9	’s	’	VERB
impactinged-288	292	10	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	292	11	right	right	ADJ
impactinged-288	292	12	thing	thing	NOUN
impactinged-288	292	13	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	292	14	do	do	VERB
impactinged-288	292	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	293	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	293	2	educational	educational	PROPN
impactinged-288	293	3	forum	forum	PROPN
impactinged-288	293	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	293	5	62	62	NUM
impactinged-288	293	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	293	7	244–248	244–248	NUM
impactinged-288	293	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131729808984350	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131729808984350	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	2	dill	dill	NOUN
impactinged-288	294	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	4	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	5	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	7	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	294	8	morrison	morrison	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	10	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	11	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	294	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	13	1985	1985	NUM
impactinged-288	294	14	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	294	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	295	1	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	295	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	295	3	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	4	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	5	training	training	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	6	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	295	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	295	8	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	9	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	295	10	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	295	11	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	12	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	295	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	295	14	survey	survey	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	15	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	295	16	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	295	17	proposal	proposal	NOUN
impactinged-288	295	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	296	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	296	2	review	review	NOUN
impactinged-288	296	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	296	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	296	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	296	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	296	7	8(2	8(2	NUM
impactinged-288	296	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	296	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	296	10	169–186	169–186	NUM
impactinged-288	296	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	297	1	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1985.0027	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1985.0027	PROPN
impactinged-288	297	2	doran	doran	PROPN
impactinged-288	297	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	297	4	e.	e.	PROPN
impactinged-288	297	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	297	6	2021	2021	NUM
impactinged-288	297	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	297	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	298	1	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	298	2	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	298	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	298	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	298	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	298	6	world	world	NOUN
impactinged-288	298	7	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	298	8	developing	develop	VERB
impactinged-288	298	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	298	10	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
impactinged-288	298	11	identity	identity	NOUN
impactinged-288	298	12	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	298	13	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	298	14	world	world	NOUN
impactinged-288	298	15	that	that	PRON
impactinged-288	298	16	may	may	AUX
impactinged-288	298	17	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	298	18	always	always	ADV
impactinged-288	298	19	recognize	recognize	VERB
impactinged-288	298	20	you	you	PRON
impactinged-288	298	21	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	298	22	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
impactinged-288	298	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	299	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	299	2	elevating	elevate	VERB
impactinged-288	299	3	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
impactinged-288	299	4	voices	voice	NOUN
impactinged-288	299	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	299	6	academe	academe	NOUN
impactinged-288	299	7	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	299	8	pp	pp	ADJ
impactinged-288	299	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	300	1	110	110	NUM
impactinged-288	300	2	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	300	3	114	114	NUM
impactinged-288	300	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	300	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	301	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
impactinged-288	301	2	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	1	dressel	dressel	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	3	p.	p.	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	4	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	6	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	302	7	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	9	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	10	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	302	11	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	12	1974	1974	NUM
impactinged-288	302	13	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	302	14	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	303	1	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	303	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	303	3	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	303	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	303	5	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	303	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	303	7	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	303	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	304	1	jossey	jossey	NOUN
impactinged-288	304	2	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	304	3	bass	bass	NOUN
impactinged-288	304	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	305	1	freeman	freeman	PROPN
impactinged-288	305	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	305	3	f.	f.	PROPN
impactinged-288	305	4	n.	n.	PROPN
impactinged-288	305	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	305	6	1931	1931	NUM
impactinged-288	305	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	305	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	306	1	practices	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	306	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	306	3	american	american	ADJ
impactinged-288	306	4	universities	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	306	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	306	6	granting	grant	VERB
impactinged-288	306	7	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	306	8	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	306	9	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	306	10	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	306	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	307	1	university	university	NOUN
impactinged-288	307	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	307	3	chicago	chicago	PROPN
impactinged-288	307	4	press	press	PROPN
impactinged-288	307	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	308	1	guthrie	guthrie	PROPN
impactinged-288	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	308	3	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	308	4	w.	w.	PROPN
impactinged-288	308	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	308	6	2009	2009	NUM
impactinged-288	308	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	308	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	309	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	309	2	case	case	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	3	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	309	4	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	309	5	modern	modern	ADJ
impactinged-288	309	6	doctor	doctor	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	309	8	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	9	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	10	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	309	11	ed.d	ed.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	309	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	309	13	):	):	PUNCT
impactinged-288	309	14	multipurpose	multipurpose	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	15	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	309	16	doctorates	doctorate	VERB
impactinged-288	309	17	no	no	ADV
impactinged-288	309	18	longer	long	ADV
impactinged-288	309	19	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
impactinged-288	309	20	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	2	journal	journal	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	310	4	education	education	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	6	84(1	84(1	NUM
impactinged-288	310	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	9	3–8	3–8	X
impactinged-288	310	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	11	https://www.jstor.org/stable/25594820	https://www.jstor.org/stable/25594820	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	12	harris	harris	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	14	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	15	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	310	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	17	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	310	18	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	310	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	311	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	311	2	current	current	ADJ
impactinged-288	311	3	status	status	NOUN
impactinged-288	311	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	311	5	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	311	6	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	311	7	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	311	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	312	2	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	3	wright	wright	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	4	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	312	5	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	6	t.	t.	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	7	miller	miller	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	8	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	9	eds	eds	PROPN
impactinged-288	312	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	11	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	13	training	train	VERB
impactinged-288	312	14	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	312	15	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	16	policy	policy	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	17	makers	maker	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	312	19	leaders	leader	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	20	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	21	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	312	22	graduate	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	23	program	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	24	perspective	perspective	NOUN
impactinged-288	312	25	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	312	26	pp	pp	ADJ
impactinged-288	312	27	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	313	1	35	35	NUM
impactinged-288	313	2	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	313	3	45	45	NUM
impactinged-288	313	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	313	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	1	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	314	2	age	age	NOUN
impactinged-288	314	3	publishing	publishing	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	5	inc	inc	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	6	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	7	hochbein	hochbein	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	9	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	10	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	11	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	314	12	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	14	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	15	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	314	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	17	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	314	18	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	314	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	315	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	315	2	role	role	NOUN
impactinged-288	315	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	315	4	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	315	5	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	315	6	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	315	7	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	315	8	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	315	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	316	1	planning	planning	NOUN
impactinged-288	316	2	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	316	3	changing	change	VERB
impactinged-288	316	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	316	5	44(3/4	44(3/4	NUM
impactinged-288	316	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	316	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	316	8	181–195	181–195	NUM
impactinged-288	316	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	317	1	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	VERB
impactinged-288	317	2	hollis	hollis	PROPN
impactinged-288	317	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	317	4	e.	e.	PROPN
impactinged-288	317	5	v.	v.	PROPN
impactinged-288	317	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	317	7	1942	1942	NUM
impactinged-288	317	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	317	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	318	1	two	two	NUM
impactinged-288	318	2	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	318	3	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	319	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	319	2	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	319	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	319	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	319	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	319	7	13(5	13(5	NUM
impactinged-288	319	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	319	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	319	10	256–262	256–262	NUM
impactinged-288	319	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	1	https://www.jstor.org/stable/1974936	https://www.jstor.org/stable/1974936	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	2	hyle	hyle	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	4	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	5	e.	e.	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	7	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	320	8	goodchild	goodchild	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	10	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	11	f.	f.	PROPN
impactinged-288	320	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	13	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	320	14	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	320	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	321	1	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
impactinged-288	321	2	condition	condition	NOUN
impactinged-288	321	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	321	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	321	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	321	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	321	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	321	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	321	9	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	321	10	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	321	11	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	321	12	canada	canada	PROPN
impactinged-288	321	13	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	321	14	an	an	DET
impactinged-288	321	15	initial	initial	ADJ
impactinged-288	321	16	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	321	17	report	report	NOUN
impactinged-288	321	18	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	322	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	322	2	advancing	advance	VERB
impactinged-288	322	3	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	322	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	5	as	as	ADP
impactinged-288	322	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	322	7	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	8	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	322	9	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	10	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	322	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	322	12	quest	quest	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	322	14	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	322	15	degree	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	16	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	17	–	–	PUNCT
impactinged-288	322	18	commemorating	commemorate	VERB
impactinged-288	322	19	120	120	NUM
impactinged-288	322	20	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	322	21	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	322	22	excellence	excellence	PROPN
impactinged-288	322	23	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	323	1	jensen	jensen	PROPN
impactinged-288	323	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	323	3	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	323	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	323	5	2013	2013	NUM
impactinged-288	323	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	323	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	324	1	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	324	2	demographic	demographic	ADJ
impactinged-288	324	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	324	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	324	5	graduate	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	324	6	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	324	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	324	8	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	324	9	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	324	10	administration	administration	NOUN
impactinged-288	324	11	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	324	12	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	324	13	united	united	PROPN
impactinged-288	324	14	states	states	PROPN
impactinged-288	324	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	325	1	academy	academy	NOUN
impactinged-288	325	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	325	3	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	325	4	leadership	leadership	NOUN
impactinged-288	325	5	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	325	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	325	7	17(3	17(3	NUM
impactinged-288	325	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	325	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	325	10	1–20	1–20	PROPN
impactinged-288	325	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	326	1	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educationalleadership-journal-home.html	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educationalleadership-journal-home.html	PROPN
impactinged-288	326	2	jones	jones	PROPN
impactinged-288	326	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	326	4	m.	m.	NOUN
impactinged-288	326	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	326	6	2018	2018	NUM
impactinged-288	326	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	326	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	327	1	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
impactinged-288	327	2	trends	trend	NOUN
impactinged-288	327	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	327	4	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	327	5	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	327	6	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	328	1	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	328	2	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	328	3	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	328	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	328	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	328	6	43(5	43(5	NUM
impactinged-288	328	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	328	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	328	9	814–825	814–825	NUM
impactinged-288	328	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	329	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1438095	https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1438095	PROPN
impactinged-288	329	2	keim	keim	PROPN
impactinged-288	329	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	329	4	m.	m.	NOUN
impactinged-288	329	5	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	329	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	329	7	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	329	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	329	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	330	1	exemplary	exemplary	ADJ
impactinged-288	330	2	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	330	3	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	330	4	graduate	graduate	NOUN
impactinged-288	330	5	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	330	6	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	330	7	revisited	revisit	VERB
impactinged-288	330	8	after	after	ADP
impactinged-288	330	9	25	25	NUM
impactinged-288	330	10	years	year	NOUN
impactinged-288	330	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	331	2	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	3	wright	wright	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	4	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	331	5	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	6	t.	t.	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	7	miller	miller	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	8	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	9	eds	eds	PROPN
impactinged-288	331	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	11	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	13	training	train	VERB
impactinged-288	331	14	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	331	15	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	331	16	policy	policy	NOUN
impactinged-288	331	17	makers	maker	NOUN
impactinged-288	331	18	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	331	19	leaders	leader	NOUN
impactinged-288	331	20	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	331	21	pp	pp	ADJ
impactinged-288	331	22	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	332	1	99	99	NUM
impactinged-288	332	2	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	332	3	110	110	NUM
impactinged-288	332	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	332	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	333	1	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	333	2	age	age	NOUN
impactinged-288	333	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
impactinged-288	333	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	334	1	kendzior	kendzior	PROPN
impactinged-288	334	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	334	3	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	334	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	334	5	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	334	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	334	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	335	1	academia	academia	PROPN
impactinged-288	335	2	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	335	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	335	4	percent	percent	NOUN
impactinged-288	335	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	336	1	chronicle	chronicle	PROPN
impactinged-288	336	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	336	3	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	336	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	336	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	337	1	https://chroniclevitae.com/news/929-academia-s-1-percent	https://chroniclevitae.com/news/929-academia-s-1-percent	PROPN
impactinged-288	337	2	king	king	NOUN
impactinged-288	337	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	337	4	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	337	5	e.	e.	PROPN
impactinged-288	337	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	337	7	1961	1961	NUM
impactinged-288	337	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	337	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	338	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	338	2	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	338	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	338	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	338	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	339	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	339	2	phi	phi	NOUN
impactinged-288	339	3	delta	delta	NOUN
impactinged-288	339	4	kappan	kappan	NOUN
impactinged-288	339	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	339	6	42(9	42(9	NUM
impactinged-288	339	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	339	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	339	9	382–386	382–386	NUM
impactinged-288	339	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	340	1	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20342633	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20342633	PROPN
impactinged-288	340	2	lester	lester	PROPN
impactinged-288	340	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	340	4	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	340	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	340	6	2004	2004	NUM
impactinged-288	340	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	340	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	341	1	conceptualizing	conceptualize	VERB
impactinged-288	341	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	341	3	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
impactinged-288	341	4	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	341	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	342	1	studies	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	342	2	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	342	3	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	342	4	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	342	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	342	6	29(6	29(6	NUM
impactinged-288	342	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	342	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	342	9	757–770	757–770	NUM
impactinged-288	342	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	343	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/0307507042000287249	https://doi.org/10.1080/0307507042000287249	PROPN
impactinged-288	343	2	levine	levine	PROPN
impactinged-288	343	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	343	4	a.	a.	NOUN
impactinged-288	343	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	343	6	2005	2005	NUM
impactinged-288	343	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	343	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	344	1	educating	educate	VERB
impactinged-288	344	2	school	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	344	3	leaders	leader	NOUN
impactinged-288	344	4	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	345	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	345	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	345	3	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	345	4	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	345	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	346	1	http://edschools.org/pdf/final313.pdf	http://edschools.org/pdf/final313.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	346	2	martinez	martinez	PROPN
impactinged-288	346	3	-	-	PUNCT
impactinged-288	346	4	lebron	lebron	PROPN
impactinged-288	346	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	346	6	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	346	7	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	346	8	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	346	9	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	346	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	1	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	2	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	3	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	347	4	ed.d	ed.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	6	degrees	degree	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	7	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	347	8	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	347	9	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	10	programs	program	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	11	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	12	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	347	13	mixed	mixed	ADJ
impactinged-288	347	14	methods	method	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	15	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	16	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	17	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	347	18	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	347	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	20	indiana	indiana	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	21	state	state	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	22	university	university	PROPN
impactinged-288	347	23	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	347	24	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	1	nelson	nelson	PROPN
impactinged-288	348	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	3	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	348	4	k.	k.	PROPN
impactinged-288	348	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	6	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	348	7	coorough	coorough	PROPN
impactinged-288	348	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	9	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	348	10	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	11	1994	1994	NUM
impactinged-288	348	12	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	348	13	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	349	1	content	content	NOUN
impactinged-288	349	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
impactinged-288	349	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	349	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	349	5	phd	phd	NOUN
impactinged-288	349	6	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	349	7	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	349	8	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
impactinged-288	349	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	350	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	350	2	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	350	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	350	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
impactinged-288	350	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	350	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	350	7	62(2	62(2	NOUN
impactinged-288	350	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	350	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	350	10	158–168	158–168	NUM
impactinged-288	350	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	351	1	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20152407	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20152407	X
impactinged-288	351	2	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	VERB
impactinged-288	351	3	http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jte	http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jte	PROPN
impactinged-288	351	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2012.653260	https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2012.653260	PROPN
impactinged-288	352	1	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ed320882.pdf	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ed320882.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	352	2	http://ijds.org/volume11/ijdsv11p127-146card2042.pdf	http://ijds.org/volume11/ijdsv11p127-146card2042.pdf	NOUN
impactinged-288	352	3	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1987.0024	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1987.0024	VERB
impactinged-288	352	4	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=educ_teelp_etds	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=educ_teelp_etds	ADV
impactinged-288	352	5	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=educ_teelp_etds	https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=educ_teelp_etds	NOUN
impactinged-288	352	6	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00898127	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00898127	X
impactinged-288	352	7	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1986.0027	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1986.0027	ADV
impactinged-288	352	8	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	VERB
impactinged-288	352	9	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131729808984350	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131729808984350	PRON
impactinged-288	352	10	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1985.0027	https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1985.0027	PROPN
impactinged-288	352	11	https://www.jstor.org/stable/25594820	https://www.jstor.org/stable/25594820	PROPN
impactinged-288	352	12	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	VERB
impactinged-288	352	13	https://www.jstor.org/stable/1974936	https://www.jstor.org/stable/1974936	PROPN
impactinged-288	353	1	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educational-leadership-journal-home.html	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educational-leadership-journal-home.html	ADJ
impactinged-288	353	2	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educational-leadership-journal-home.html	https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-educational-leadership-journal-home.html	ADJ
impactinged-288	353	3	https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1438095	https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1438095	PUNCT
impactinged-288	354	1	https://chroniclevitae.com/news/929-academia-s-1-percent	https://chroniclevitae.com/news/929-academia-s-1-percent	PROPN
impactinged-288	354	2	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20342633	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20342633	PROPN
impactinged-288	354	3	https://doi.org/10.1080/0307507042000287249	https://doi.org/10.1080/0307507042000287249	NOUN
impactinged-288	354	4	http://edschools.org/pdf/final313.pdf	http://edschools.org/pdf/final313.pdf	VERB
impactinged-288	354	5	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20152407	https://www.jstor.org/stable/20152407	NOUN
impactinged-288	354	6	foster	foster	PROPN
impactinged-288	354	7	et	et	PROPN
impactinged-288	354	8	al	al	PROPN
impactinged-288	354	9	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	355	1	impacting	impact	VERB
impactinged-288	355	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	355	3	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	355	4	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	355	5	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	355	6	transforming	transform	VERB
impactinged-288	355	7	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	355	8	practice	practice	NOUN
impactinged-288	355	9	impactinged.pitt.edu	impactinged.pitt.edu	PROPN
impactinged-288	355	10	vol	vol	NOUN
impactinged-288	355	11	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	355	12	8	8	NUM
impactinged-288	356	1	no	no	NOUN
impactinged-288	356	2	.	.	NOUN
impactinged-288	356	3	1	1	NUM
impactinged-288	356	4	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	5	2023	2023	NUM
impactinged-288	356	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	7	doi	doi	NOUN
impactinged-288	356	8	10.5195	10.5195	NUM
impactinged-288	356	9	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	356	10	ie.2023.288	ie.2023.288	ADJ
impactinged-288	356	11	26	26	NUM
impactinged-288	356	12	osguthorpe	osguthorpe	NOUN
impactinged-288	356	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	14	r.	r.	PROPN
impactinged-288	356	15	t.	t.	PROPN
impactinged-288	356	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	17	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	356	18	wong	wong	PROPN
impactinged-288	356	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	20	m.	m.	NOUN
impactinged-288	356	21	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	356	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	23	1993	1993	NUM
impactinged-288	356	24	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	356	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	357	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	357	2	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
impactinged-288	357	3	.	.	PROPN
impactinged-288	357	4	versus	versus	ADP
impactinged-288	357	5	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	357	6	ed.d	ed.d	NOUN
impactinged-288	357	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	357	8	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	357	9	time	time	NOUN
impactinged-288	357	10	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	357	11	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	357	12	decision	decision	NOUN
impactinged-288	357	13	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	358	1	innovative	innovative	ADJ
impactinged-288	358	2	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	358	3	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	358	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	358	5	18(1	18(1	NUM
impactinged-288	358	6	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	358	7	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	358	8	47–63	47–63	PROPN
impactinged-288	358	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	359	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01742197	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01742197	PROPN
impactinged-288	359	2	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	359	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	359	4	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	359	5	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	359	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	359	7	2012	2012	NUM
impactinged-288	359	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	359	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	360	1	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	360	2	ed.d	ed.d	VERB
impactinged-288	360	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	361	1	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	361	2	not	not	PART
impactinged-288	361	3	to	to	PART
impactinged-288	361	4	ed.d	ed.d	VERB
impactinged-288	361	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	361	6	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	361	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	362	1	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	362	2	phi	phi	NOUN
impactinged-288	362	3	delta	delta	NOUN
impactinged-288	362	4	kappan	kappan	NOUN
impactinged-288	362	5	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	362	6	94(1	94(1	NUM
impactinged-288	362	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	362	8	41–44	41–44	NUM
impactinged-288	362	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	1	https://www.jstor.org/stable/41763570	https://www.jstor.org/stable/41763570	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	2	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	4	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	5	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	7	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	363	8	imig	imig	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	10	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	11	g.	g.	PROPN
impactinged-288	363	12	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	13	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	363	14	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	363	15	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	364	1	final	final	ADJ
impactinged-288	364	2	report	report	NOUN
impactinged-288	364	3	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	364	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	364	5	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	364	6	project	project	NOUN
impactinged-288	364	7	on	on	ADP
impactinged-288	364	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	364	9	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	364	10	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	364	11	2007	2007	NUM
impactinged-288	364	12	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	364	13	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	364	14	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	1	prepared	prepare	VERB
impactinged-288	365	2	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	365	3	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	365	4	carnegie	carnegie	NOUN
impactinged-288	365	5	foundation	foundation	NOUN
impactinged-288	365	6	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	365	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	365	8	advancement	advancement	NOUN
impactinged-288	365	9	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	365	10	teaching	teach	VERB
impactinged-288	365	11	2010	2010	NUM
impactinged-288	365	12	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	13	available	available	ADJ
impactinged-288	365	14	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	365	15	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cp	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cp	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	16	ed_data	ed_data	ADJ
impactinged-288	365	17	/	/	SYM
impactinged-288	365	18	cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	NUM
impactinged-288	365	19	perry	perry	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	20	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	21	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	22	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	23	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	24	zambo	zambo	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	25	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	26	d.	d.	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	27	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	28	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	365	29	wunder	wunder	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	30	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	31	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	365	32	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	33	2015	2015	NUM
impactinged-288	365	34	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	365	35	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	366	1	understanding	understand	VERB
impactinged-288	366	2	how	how	SCONJ
impactinged-288	366	3	schools	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	366	4	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	366	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	366	6	have	have	AUX
impactinged-288	366	7	redesigned	redesign	VERB
impactinged-288	366	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	366	9	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	366	10	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	366	11	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	366	12	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	367	1	journal	journal	NOUN
impactinged-288	367	2	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	367	3	school	school	NOUN
impactinged-288	367	4	public	public	ADJ
impactinged-288	367	5	relations	relation	NOUN
impactinged-288	367	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	367	7	36(1	36(1	NUM
impactinged-288	367	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	367	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	367	10	58–85	58–85	NUM
impactinged-288	367	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	1	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	2	robinson	robinson	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	4	g.	g.	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	5	morgan	morgan	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	7	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	9	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	368	10	reed	reed	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	12	w.	w.	PROPN
impactinged-288	368	13	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	14	2016	2016	NUM
impactinged-288	368	15	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	368	16	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	369	1	disruptive	disruptive	ADJ
impactinged-288	369	2	innovation	innovation	NOUN
impactinged-288	369	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	369	4	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	369	5	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	369	6	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	369	7	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	369	8	professional	professional	ADJ
impactinged-288	369	9	doctorate	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	369	10	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	370	1	international	international	ADJ
impactinged-288	370	2	journal	journal	PROPN
impactinged-288	370	3	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	370	4	information	information	NOUN
impactinged-288	370	5	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	370	6	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	370	7	technology	technology	NOUN
impactinged-288	370	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	370	9	6(1	6(1	NUM
impactinged-288	370	10	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	370	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	370	12	85–89	85–89	NUM
impactinged-288	370	13	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	1	http://www.ijiet.org/	http://www.ijiet.org/	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	2	shulman	shulman	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	4	l.	l.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	5	s.	s.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	7	golde	golde	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	8	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	9	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	10	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	11	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	12	bueschel	bueschel	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	13	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	14	a.	a.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	15	c.	c.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	16	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	17	&	&	CCONJ
impactinged-288	371	18	garabedian	garabedian	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	19	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	20	k.	k.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	21	j.	j.	PROPN
impactinged-288	371	22	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	23	2006	2006	NUM
impactinged-288	371	24	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	371	25	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	372	1	reclaiming	reclaim	VERB
impactinged-288	372	2	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	372	3	’s	’s	PART
impactinged-288	372	4	doctorates	doctorate	NOUN
impactinged-288	372	5	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	372	6	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	372	7	critique	critique	NOUN
impactinged-288	372	8	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	372	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	372	10	proposal	proposal	NOUN
impactinged-288	372	11	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	373	1	educational	educational	ADJ
impactinged-288	373	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
impactinged-288	373	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	373	4	35(3	35(3	NUM
impactinged-288	373	5	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	373	6	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	373	7	25–32	25–32	NUM
impactinged-288	373	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	374	1	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x035003025	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x035003025	PROPN
impactinged-288	374	2	townsend	townsend	PROPN
impactinged-288	374	3	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	374	4	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	374	5	k.	k.	PROPN
impactinged-288	374	6	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	374	7	2002	2002	NUM
impactinged-288	374	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	374	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	375	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
impactinged-288	375	2	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	375	3	edd	edd	PROPN
impactinged-288	375	4	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	375	5	or	or	CCONJ
impactinged-288	375	6	what	what	PRON
impactinged-288	375	7	’s	’	VERB
impactinged-288	375	8	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	375	9	a	a	DET
impactinged-288	375	10	name	name	NOUN
impactinged-288	375	11	?	?	PUNCT
impactinged-288	376	1	paper	paper	NOUN
impactinged-288	376	2	presented	present	VERB
impactinged-288	376	3	at	at	ADP
impactinged-288	376	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	376	5	annual	annual	ADJ
impactinged-288	376	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
impactinged-288	376	7	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	376	8	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	376	9	association	association	NOUN
impactinged-288	376	10	for	for	ADP
impactinged-288	376	11	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	376	12	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	376	13	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	376	14	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	376	15	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	376	16	sacramento	sacramento	PROPN
impactinged-288	376	17	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	376	18	ca	ca	PROPN
impactinged-288	376	19	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	377	1	townsend	townsend	PROPN
impactinged-288	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	377	3	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	377	4	k.	k.	PROPN
impactinged-288	377	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	377	6	1990	1990	NUM
impactinged-288	377	7	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	377	8	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	378	1	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
impactinged-288	378	2	study	study	NOUN
impactinged-288	378	3	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	378	4	the	the	DET
impactinged-288	378	5	field	field	NOUN
impactinged-288	378	6	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	378	7	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	378	8	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	378	9	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	1	in	in	ADP
impactinged-288	379	2	m.	m.	PROPN
impactinged-288	379	3	b.	b.	PROPN
impactinged-288	379	4	paulson	paulson	PROPN
impactinged-288	379	5	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	6	ed	ed	NOUN
impactinged-288	379	7	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	8	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	9	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	10	higher	high	ADJ
impactinged-288	379	11	education	education	NOUN
impactinged-288	379	12	:	:	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	13	handbook	handbook	NOUN
impactinged-288	379	14	of	of	ADP
impactinged-288	379	15	theory	theory	NOUN
impactinged-288	379	16	and	and	CCONJ
impactinged-288	379	17	research	research	NOUN
impactinged-288	379	18	,	,	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	19	(	(	PUNCT
impactinged-288	379	20	pp	pp	ADJ
impactinged-288	379	21	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	380	1	161	161	NUM
impactinged-288	380	2	-	-	SYM
impactinged-288	380	3	199	199	NUM
impactinged-288	380	4	)	)	PUNCT
impactinged-288	380	5	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	381	1	agathon	agathon	PROPN
impactinged-288	381	2	press	press	PROPN
impactinged-288	381	3	.	.	PUNCT
impactinged-288	382	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01742197	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01742197	PROPN
impactinged-288	382	2	https://www.jstor.org/stable/41763570	https://www.jstor.org/stable/41763570	PROPN
impactinged-288	382	3	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cped_data/cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cped_data/cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	382	4	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cped_data/cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cpedinitiative.org/resource/resmgr/docs/cped_data/cpedfinal_report_2010_copy_.pdf	PROPN
impactinged-288	382	5	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	https://education.illinoisstate.edu/planning/	VERB
impactinged-288	382	6	http://www.ijiet.org/	http://www.ijiet.org/	NOUN
impactinged-288	382	7	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x035003025	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x035003025	PRON