item: #1 of 208
          id: infactispax-1001
      author: Redfering, Kristie; Georgakopoulos, Alexia
       title: Teacher Training and Perceptions of Self Efficacy in Violence Prevention Approaches
        date: 2019
       words: 10561
      flesch: 47
     summary: Pre-service teachers’ perceived confidence in teaching school violence prevention. The vast majority of participants valued violence prevention: 96% believing preventing violence is important and 90% believing that teaching students violence prevention skills is important.
    keywords: conflict; education; efficacy; outcome; prevention; programs; resolution; school; skills; students; teachers; teaching; training; use; variables; violence; violence prevention
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        item: #2 of 208
          id: infactispax-1002
      author: Odote, Peterlinus; Nzomo, Maria
       title: Role of Early Warning Systems in Conflict Prevention in Africa: A Framework
        date: 2019
       words: 9886
      flesch: 41
     summary: The concept of conflict early warning and early response entails monitoring when violence is about to befall and enhancing well-timed intervention to avert or avoid conflict. Coordination of conflict early warning and response is one very problematic yet delicate process.
    keywords: action; africa; analysis; causes; conflict; conflict prevention; data; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; information; management; number; prevention; process; response; state; systems; volume; warning
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        item: #3 of 208
          id: infactispax-1003
      author: Nganga, Daniel
       title: The Effects of Colonialism on Indigenous Conflict Resolution Systems Among Pokot and Turkana Communities
        date: 2019
       words: 9761
      flesch: 50
     summary: Indigenous conflict resolution systems have roots as old as the tribes of people who crafted them. Family disputes, marital conflicts, intra and inter community conflicts were settled by the council of elders.
    keywords: colonialism; communities; community; conflict; conflict resolution; elders; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; indigenous; justice; management; number; peace; pokot; resolution; social; systems; turkana; volume; western
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        item: #4 of 208
          id: infactispax-1004
      author: Adjei, Maxwell
       title: Globalization and Militarism: Feminists Make the Link
        date: 2019
       words: 1156
      flesch: 25
     summary: While discussing the increasing number of women soldiers in the 21st century as reminiscent of an early globalized image of the modern woman – the “New Woman” – in the 1910s and 1920s, Enloe cautions against the tendency to homogenize the experiences of all women soldiers. While they may seem loosely related on the first look, Cynthia Enloe’s careful and nuanced analysis reveals how globalization and militarism are deeply intertwined processes, which collectively (re)produce gendered ideas about how men and women, boys and girls, should think and go about their daily activities.
    keywords: enloe; security; women
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        item: #5 of 208
          id: infactispax-1005
      author: Hajir, Basma
       title: Peace Education Evaluation: Learning from Experience and Exploring Prospects
        date: 2019
       words: 2223
      flesch: 41
     summary: Chapter 17 by Karen Ross draws on the scholarship of social activism and introduces a cogent argument for alternative approaches that can be used to expand an understanding of what success might look like in the field of peace education. Chapter 18 by Naghmeh Yazdanpanah sheds light on the blurred boundaries between education and evaluation and suggests that peace education itself is a constant evaluation of the quality of life.
    keywords: chapter; education; evaluation; peace; volume
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        item: #6 of 208
          id: infactispax-1006
      author: Finley, Laura; Esposito, Luigi; Johnson, Matthew
       title: (Un)civil War: The Current Political Discourse in America
        date: 2018
       words: 7036
      flesch: 53
     summary: This paper explores the divisiveness of political incivility on the Right and the Left, framing it as a natural but disturbing consequence of neoliberal ideology that is hyper-focused on individuals and winning at all costs. A 2018 poll by Weber Shandwick, Powell Tate and KRC Research found that political incivility has become a “crisis,” as 75 percent of respondents believe incivility is leading to political gridlock, 83 percent believe incivility leads to intolerance of free speech, and 93 percent believe it is important for the President of the United States to be civil (Shandwick & Powell 2018).
    keywords: august; democracy; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; incivility; left; media; new; number; pax; people; president; right; supporters; trump; volume
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        item: #7 of 208
          id: infactispax-1007
      author: Sarangi, Unmana
       title: Global Peace Security and Conflict Resolution: An Assessment for Global Economic and Sustainable Development
        date: 2018
       words: 10387
      flesch: 48
     summary: The features of new In Factis Pax Volume 12 Number 2 (2018): 123-153 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 133 era of global trade need to take into account the following viz; (i) Over the past generation, building economic bridges between countries has helped reduce by half the proportion of the global population living in extreme poverty, (ii) Challenges in Global Trade for Promoting Global Peace Though global trade is exceedingly beautiful
    keywords: agreements; conflict; countries; economic; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; international; new; number; pax; peace; policy; security; trade; u.s; united; volume; world
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        item: #8 of 208
          id: infactispax-1008
      author: Gerson, Janet
       title: Honor, Humiliation, and Terror: An Explosive Mix – And How We Can Defuse It With Dignity
        date: 2018
       words: 3626
      flesch: 48
     summary: The opera’s scenario succinctly exemplifies what Evelin Lindner calls honor humiliation – the duty to retaliate. Due to the book’s range, I will limit my focus to three areas: honor humiliation, dignity and its correlation to what Lindner has coined egalization, and the implications of Lindner’s methodology for peace studies researchers and peace educators.
    keywords: dignity; education; honor; humiliation; lindner; number; peace; terror; volume
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        item: #9 of 208
          id: infactispax-1009
      author: Snauwaert, Dale
       title: The Dialogical Turn: A Review Essay of Peacebuilding Through Dialogue: Education, Human Transformation, and Conflict Resolution
        date: 2018
       words: 3605
      flesch: 44
     summary: The subsequent chapters in the book explore the importance, meaning and potential applications of dialogue in three domains: 1) the conceptions of education as an active process of learning; 2) the interrelationship between internal dialogue and social transformation; and 3) the role of theory and practice of dialogue within the fields of conflict resolution, transformation and peacebuilding. In re- sponse, he outlines the design of two types of public dialogues he considers to be essential to establishing a public, civic infrastructure: Designed Public Dialogues and Ambient Dialogues.
    keywords: dialogue; justice; number; peacebuilding; press; rawls; university; volume
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        item: #10 of 208
          id: infactispax-1010
      author: Badal, Adhik
       title: Truth commissions: Memory, power, and legitimacy
        date: 2018
       words: 1198
      flesch: 44
     summary: vi+315, $65.00 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-0-8122-4762-6. Reviewed by Adhik Badal Kent State University abadal@kent.edu Truth commissions (TCs) have become the major political mechanisms to promote peace and social justice in transitional justice systems in post-war societies. Truth commissions: memory, power and legitimacy seeks to answer this question, while diagnosing numerous aspects of TCs: truth seeking, memory narrating and the politics of the commission.
    keywords: chapter; commission; tcs
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        item: #11 of 208
          id: infactispax-1011
      author: Alsadawi, Ayman
       title: Twitter and Tear Gas: The Power and Fragility of Networked Protest
        date: 2018
       words: 1186
      flesch: 37
     summary: The author argues that networked movements, such as the Egyptian revolution of 2011, cannot be measured as success or failure based on traditional models of social movements (xiv). The book describes how technological affordances (actions a given technology facilitates or makes possible) are intertwined with culture, politics, and civics in social movements, which distinguish a movements capacity to carry out their objective.
    keywords: media; movements; tufekci
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        item: #12 of 208
          id: infactispax-1012
      author: Kurian, Nomisha
       title: Peace Education: International Perspectives
        date: 2018
       words: 1211
      flesch: 43
     summary: Although peace education does not lack insightful research on non-Western contexts (see Bekerman & McGlynn, 2007; Burns & Aspeslagh, 1996), this book explores a striking variety of international settings. Its first section explores peace education in conflict and post-traumatic contexts, the second national landscapes, the third structures of violence and the fourth approaches and models for peace education.
    keywords: book; chapter; education; peace
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        item: #13 of 208
          id: infactispax-1013
      author: Kester, Kevin
       title: Coproducing Peace: Beyond Psychologized Approaches—Toward a Transrational Onto-Epistemology and Dialogic Learning Community as the Foundations of Peace Education
        date: 2018
       words: 8586
      flesch: 45
     summary: , Keimyung University Abstract: This paper critically examines the underlying theoretical premises of the psycho-social peacebuilding agenda upon which much of peace education is founded. Overall, the paper is positioned within educational sociology, theoretically informed by new materialisms, and drawing on literature from peace studies and peace education.
    keywords: education; factis; kester; new; number; order; pax; peace; peace education; peacebuilding; reflexivity; research; theory; violence; volume
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        item: #14 of 208
          id: infactispax-1014
      author: Gibson, Sam
       title: Not as my Neighbor´: How Misinformed Narratives Surrounding the FARC are Hindering the Social Reintegration of its Demobilizing Combatants
        date: 2018
       words: 10971
      flesch: 42
     summary: Image of former groups and social acceptance Interestingly, excombatants from illegally armed groups have reported marked differences between the perceived image of their former-group and how they are accepted by receptor-communities—even in the same conflicts. In Factis Pax Volume 12 Number 1 (2018): 103-133 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 127 Looking at the collective-demobilization of the M-19 guerrilla group, Flórez (1997) contends that the group’s actions during and after the Peace Deal shifted the notion of “enemy”, “bandits”, and “narcos” to one of gradual acceptance as both political actors and community members (p146).
    keywords: colombia; communities; conflict; ddr; excombatants; factis; farc; fighters; group; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; members; narratives; number; pax; reintegration; social; volume
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        item: #15 of 208
          id: infactispax-1015
      author: Simpson, Erika
       title: Game Theory and Peace Research: Professor Anatol Rapoport’s Contributions
        date: 2018
       words: 7045
      flesch: 59
     summary: The basic logic of game theory is explained using his game models of ‘Chicken’ and ‘Prisoner’s Dilemma’. Dr. Rapoport’s contributions to game theory were solidly in the area of peace research, an important sub-field of political science and international relations.
    keywords: conflict; deterrence; dilemma; game; nuclear; number; pax; peace; prisoner; rapoport; research; theory; volume
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        item: #16 of 208
          id: infactispax-1016
      author: Devere, Heather
       title: Exploring Relationships for Positive Peace
        date: 2023
       words: 7852
      flesch: 52
     summary: The relationship with the Christian God is the most important part, and then other relationships will be good, pure and right. In fact the opposite is the case, where the importance for positive peace is interlinking and interweaving of positive relationships.
    keywords: care; conflict; equality; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; justice; love; number; pax; peace; people; relationships; trust; volume
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        item: #17 of 208
          id: infactispax-1017
      author: Pastoors, Daniela
       title: Shifting Paradigms: Exploring the Reasons for Staff Care and ‘The Duty of Care’ in International Peace and Conflict Work
        date: 2023
       words: 4446
      flesch: 52
     summary: Related to international staff care this means to analyze: a) what kind of issues are observed and discussed in the context of staff care? At the same time, it is possible to discuss staff care in terms of potentials and of learning that can be strengthened thereby.
    keywords: care; conflict; international; number; paradigm; peace; risks; staff; work
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        item: #18 of 208
          id: infactispax-1018
      author: Aryoubi, Hogai
       title: A Pedagogy of Faith: The Theological Vision of Paulo Freire
        date: 2023
       words: 1466
      flesch: 43
     summary: Book Review A Pedagogy of Faith: The Theological Vision of Paulo Freire by Irwin Leopando, Bloomsbury, 2017, 237 pp. Reviewed by Hogai Aryoubi University of Cambridge Cambridge Peace Education Research Group Hogai.Aryoubi@gmail.com A Pedagogy of Faith: The Theological Vision of Paulo Freire is an intriguing book-length study that investigates Freire’s educational theory and practice through his religious lens. Though the chapter focuses extensively on Brazilian Catholic Left Movement and other Catholic entities, it allows the reader to understand the fluctuating time period in which Freire developed professionally and academically.
    keywords: author; catholic; education; freire
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        item: #19 of 208
          id: infactispax-1019
      author: Kuppens, Line
       title: Education for peace: The politics of adopting and mainstreaming peace education programs in a post-conflict setting
        date: 2023
       words: 1109
      flesch: 40
     summary: Education for peace: the politics of adopting and mainstreaming peace education programs in a post-conflict setting is among the first to analyze the politics of mainstreaming peace education, making it a must-read for scholars of peace education. Apart from document analysis, Tinker conducted interviews with policy makers and EFP program designers, and participated in one EFP seminar.
    keywords: education; efp; peace
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        item: #20 of 208
          id: infactispax-1020
      author: Yamane, Kazuyo
       title: For the People: A Documentary History of the Struggle for Peace and Justice in the United States
        date: 2018
       words: 969
      flesch: 53
     summary: Movements to deal with issues on the environment and sustainable development are also introduced as well as the importance of peace education, which makes the book comprehensive to the study of peace and justice. The inclusion of Reynolds would provide an added gender dimension to the work, as well as discussion of how Americans have influenced peace movements in the US and abroad.
    keywords: book; justice; peace
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        item: #21 of 208
          id: infactispax-1022
      author: Ruppel, Samantha; Rieche, Bernd; Sayndee, T. Debey; Schlimpert, Christoph; López, María Requena; Pastoors, Daniela
       title: Supporting Local Actors in Times of Conflict: The Civil Peace Service and Its Various Actors
        date: 2023
       words: 10783
      flesch: 58
     summary: As the story has shown, the CPS can successfully support the work of CPS PO in the country. Some of these organizations were among 2 Reflections on the history of Civil Peace Service by Bernd Rieche, CPS expert at AGDF.
    keywords: actors; conflict; cps; germany; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; number; partnership; peace; peacebuilding; project; service; story; support; time; transformation; volume; work; workers; working
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        item: #22 of 208
          id: infactispax-1023
      author: Chehimi, Ghada; Joudi, Nadine
       title: The Need for Peace Education for University Students in Lebanon
        date: 2017
       words: 6873
      flesch: 51
     summary: To check if peace education courses can be integrated in the curriculum and how What departments can include or integrate peace education as a major or elective course? These conditions, though over-simplified, tend to necessitate a more institutionalized approach in directing youth and equipping them with peace education.
    keywords: education; factis; lebanese; lebanon; number; peace; peace education; research; students; universities; university; volume
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        item: #23 of 208
          id: infactispax-1024
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: Examining the Depiction of Domestic Violence in Popular Adult Fiction: A Review of Six Novels
        date: 2017
       words: 10858
      flesch: 61
     summary: Domestic violence can take many forms, including physical abuse, emotional and verbal abuse, sexual assault, financial control, manipulation of children, isolation, and more (What is domestic violence, 2014). In Factis Pax Volume 11 Number 1 (2017): 1-27 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 2 One subject that has received a great deal of attention in both the field of peace and conflict studies as well as in film, television, music and other forms of popular culture is domestic violence.
    keywords: abuse; abusers; cathy; children; culture; factis; gordon; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; jillian; new; novels; number; pax; readers; salander; victims; violence; volume; women
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        item: #24 of 208
          id: infactispax-1025
      author: Candel, Sandra
       title: Understanding peace cultures
        date: 2017
       words: 1411
      flesch: 32
     summary: Book Review Understanding peace cultures, edited by Rebecca L. Oxford, a volume in the series: Peace Education, editors Laura Finley & Robin Cooper, Information Age Publishing, 2014, 344 pp., US $45.99 (paperback), US $85.99 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-62396-505-1 Reviewed by Sandra L. Candel University of Nevada, Las Vegas candel@unlv.nevada.edu The book is divided into five sections: Part A, Looking At Peace Cultures, offers a definition of culture, peace culture, and peace, which Oxford defines as “multidimensional” to denote the intrapersonal, interpersonal, intergroup, international, and ecological dimensions of peace (p. 5).
    keywords: book; chapter; education; peace
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        item: #25 of 208
          id: infactispax-1026
      author: Cromwell, Alexander
       title: Encyclopedia of peace education
        date: 2017
       words: 1080
      flesch: 41
     summary: However, in spite of her critique on the overly top-down and Western orientation of peace education, the only example in this volume of localized peace education is H.B. Danesh’s chapter discussing his unity-based model used in schools throughout Bosnia. Microsoft Word - Cromwell IFP V 11.1.cromwell comments.docx In Factis Pax Volume 11 Number 1 (2017): 32-34 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 32 Volume 11 Number 1 (2017): 32-34 http://www.infactispax.org/journal Book Review Encyclopedia of peace education, edited by Monisha Bajaj, Charlotte, Information Age Publishing, 2008, 177 pp., US $39.99 (paperback), US $73.99 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1593118983 Reviewed by Alexander Cromwell American University Cromwell@american.edu In the Encyclopedia of peace education, Monisha Bajaj draws on the field’s leading scholars to offer diverse perspectives on what peace education is and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the field’s historical foundations, key perspectives, central concepts and frameworks, and its future.
    keywords: education; peace; volume
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        item: #26 of 208
          id: infactispax-1027
      author: Gray, Janet
       title: Peace jobs: A student’s guide to starting a career working for peace 
        date: 2017
       words: 1137
      flesch: 40
     summary: That anyone can do peace work in almost any occupation is a central claim of this book, which brings a career guidance lens to the emergent broad scope of peace education. He describes three factors shaping the future of peace work: the mainstreaming of peace and conflict knowledge into all occupational fields, the application of creativity to addressing structural violence and preventing destructive conflict, and the “soft skills” skills associated with a liberal arts education, such as leadership, communication, and problem solving.
    keywords: book; jobs; peace; smith
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        item: #27 of 208
          id: infactispax-1029
      author: Jenkins, Tony
       title: Transformative Peace Pedagogy: Fostering a Reflective, Critical, and Inclusive Praxis for Peace Studies
        date: 2016
       words: 2569
      flesch: 40
     summary: This rationale can be extended to another premise, that the pursuit of peace knowledge should be transdisciplinary in nature. This article offers a brief philosophical and pedagogical framework and rationale for transformative peace pedagogy as a preferred approach and philosophy of teaching and learning in peace studies.
    keywords: education; knowledge; learning; peace; pedagogy; studies
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        item: #28 of 208
          id: infactispax-1030
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Non-violent Consumption
        date: 2016
       words: 9173
      flesch: 53
     summary: Holding a negative view of the opponent (which is not the Gandhian take on non-violence advocated in this paper) involves using force or threats to coerce opponents by persuading them to do something against their will. Although people tend to lose touch with humanity as they age in a consumer society, the notion of non-violence brings hope that this situation can be reversed, or at least mitigated.
    keywords: consumer; consumption; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; human; non; number; people; power; principles; self; society; truth; violence; volume; world
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        item: #29 of 208
          id: infactispax-1031
      author: Simon, Mumbua
       title: The language of peace, communicating to create harmony
        date: 2016
       words: 1109
      flesch: 53
     summary: The other five principles briefly include: Human beings can/must decide to choose peace; the verbal and non verbal forms of peace language; the multiple dimensions addressed by peace language ranging from inner, interpersonal, intergroup; and the language of peace is not always simple. It is the only series focused on peace education offered by any major publisher.
    keywords: chapter; language; peace
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        item: #30 of 208
          id: infactispax-1032
      author: Billups, Christie
       title: Building a peaceful society: Creative integration of peace education
        date: 2016
       words: 1312
      flesch: 46
     summary: Billups Volume 10 In Factis Pax Volume 10 Number 1 (2016): 32-34 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 32 Volume 10 Number 1 (2016): 32-34 http://www.infactispax.org/journal Book Review Building a peaceful society: creative integration of peace education, by Laura L. Finley. It is the only series focused on peace education offered by any major publisher.
    keywords: book; education; finley; peace
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        item: #31 of 208
          id: infactispax-1033
      author: Servais, Mallory
       title: Peace education from the grassroots
        date: 2016
       words: 979
      flesch: 34
     summary: Peace education from the grassroots’ collaborative nature offers a framework for continued growth within the field of peace education. It is the only series focused on peace education offered by any major publisher.
    keywords: education; grassroots; peace
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        item: #32 of 208
          id: infactispax-1034
      author: Schreck, Jane
       title: Inculcating Peaceability: “Let us make what peace is left for us to make”
        date: 2015
       words: 8127
      flesch: 72
     summary: As Thad flees Port William, he realizes that “two lives had ended for a possibility that never had existed: for Abner Coulter’s mounting up in a better place” (p. 43). After all, “Abner had been reserved for something better” (p. 22) than farming, as his parents understand: “Abner was smart—too smart, as Thad and Rachel agreed, without ever much talking about it, to spend his life farming a hillside” (p. 22).
    keywords: ben; berry; education; feltner; jack; mat; port; thad; william
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        item: #33 of 208
          id: infactispax-1035
      author: Toneff-Cotner, Glenda
       title: The Political and Structural Exclusion of Student Voice in the School Closure Process
        date: 2015
       words: 4280
      flesch: 49
     summary: However, the most recent policy associated with school closure is the Race to the Top (RTTT) federal grant program initiated in 2009 by the Obama administration. School closure is listed as one of the intervention models found in the RTTT federal grant in which rigorous interventions are required in each of the state’s lowest-performing schools, creating a tiered accountability system (United States Department of Education, 2009).
    keywords: closure; community; education; high; jefferson; number; participant; process; school; students
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        item: #34 of 208
          id: infactispax-1036
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Master or Steward Degree Designations: Implications for Cultures of Peace
        date: 2015
       words: 7202
      flesch: 55
     summary: Originally, there were two basic types of master degrees: Magister Artium (Masters of Arts), and Magister Scientiœ (Master of Science). This paper purposely took issue with the use of label masters of education.
    keywords: degree; education; field; graduate; knowledge; learning; master; number; people; principles; stewardship; students; volume; wikipedia
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        item: #35 of 208
          id: infactispax-1037
      author: Hrynkow, Christopher; Creamer, David
       title: Transformative Praxis at Work in Loreto Day School Sealdah: A Remarkable Fostering of Positive Peace
        date: 2015
       words: 10153
      flesch: 57
     summary: Sister Cyril Mooney and Loreto Sealdah: Personal and social transformation Loreto Day School does not look much like a school from the outside. She recollects that, historically, the sisters “had two schools running at Loreto Sealdah.
    keywords: authors; children; day; education; learning; loreto; m.c; mooney; new; o’sullivan; school; sealdah
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        item: #36 of 208
          id: infactispax-1038
      author: Standish, Katerina
       title: The Critical Difference of Peace Education
        date: 2015
       words: 4306
      flesch: 42
     summary: Critical pedagogy in peace education aims at more than awareness of reality but the transformation of reality toward positive peace. As a form of critical pedagogy peace education has something very significant to contribute to the complex understandings of the world around us and in particular, position learning as a co-created, inclusive and empowering experience that results in positive change.
    keywords: education; literacy; montessori; number; peace; pedagogy; theory; transformation; violence; volume
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        item: #37 of 208
          id: infactispax-1039
      author: Braatz, Timothy
       title: The Satyagraha of John Brown
        date: 2014
       words: 9432
      flesch: 53
     summary: In his lecture, “A Plea for Captain John Brown,” Thoreau noted, “When a man stands up serenely against the condemnation of mankind, rising above them literally by a whole body…the spectacle is a sublime one…and we become criminal in comparison. 3 Gilpin, John Brown Still Lives!, 1; Bruce Lesh, “Interpreting John Brown: Infusing Historical Thinking into the Classroom,” OAH Magazine of History 25:2 (Apr. 2011): 46-50; “John Brown, Slavery, and the Legacies of Revolutionary Violence in Our Own Time: A Conference Commemorating the 150th Anniversary of the Harpers Ferry Raid,” Yale University, Oct. 29-31, 2009.
    keywords: brown; dyer; gandhi; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; john brown; new; number; peace; power; raid; self; slavery; slaves; suffering; u.s; violence; volume; war; york
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        item: #38 of 208
          id: infactispax-1040
      author: Tanabe, Juichiro
       title: Buddhism and Non-Violent World: Examining a Buddhist Contribution to Promoting the Principle of Non-Violence and a Culture of Peace
        date: 2014
       words: 9199
      flesch: 56
     summary: In Factis Pax Volume 8 Number 2 (2014): 122-146 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 123 explores how the Buddhist analysis of human mind deepens the psychological dynamics of violence and unfolds internal dimension of peace for more humane world. The central aim since the Buddha, who according to Bhatt and Mehrotro, “was led to philosophizing by an intense longing for the eradication of suffering” is to analyze and overcome the problem of suffering.11 Especially, its main focus is on human mind and its relation to suffering 6 Galtung, J. (1969).
    keywords: buddhist; factis; mind; new; number; pax; peace; philosophy; suffering; violence; volume; york
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        item: #39 of 208
          id: infactispax-1041
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Prospective Philosophical Foundations of Peace Education
        date: 2014
       words: 6649
      flesch: 51
     summary: Insights from likeminded critiques have the potential to shape peace education philosophies and pedagogies. More important, they should be aware of any discussions in the literature around peace philosophies.
    keywords: foundations; gur; ibid; page; pax; peace education; peace philosophy; people; philosophies; philosophy; zéev
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        item: #40 of 208
          id: infactispax-1042
      author: Alfonso, Stacey
       title: Peace Education in Early Childhood Education
        date: 2014
       words: 10404
      flesch: 51
     summary: This is important because “if early childhood children experience an environment in which both girls and boys are perceived and treated as being of equal worth, they will receive the message that human difference does not carry with it unequal human value. If a teacher is to take on an element of early childhood peace education such as critical literacy, one in which children are asked to think deeply about what they are reading/hearing, they must have the critical thinking skills to do so.
    keywords: childhood; children; dsnauwa; dsnauwa highlight; education; highlight; human; nature; peace; peace education; reardon; self; teachers
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        item: #41 of 208
          id: infactispax-1043
      author: Kuş, Zafer; Öztürk, Durdane; Elvan, Özlem
       title: Citizenship Preferences of Turkish Parents Regarding Their Children
        date: 2014
       words: 9876
      flesch: 57
     summary: In this study the “citizen with strong values” is one of the types of citizen parents predominantly desire. 12 Council of Europe Education for democratic citizenship: A lifelong learning perspective.
    keywords: child; children; citizen; citizenship; country; education; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; national; number; parents; rights; social; society; studies; turkey; values; volume
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        item: #42 of 208
          id: infactispax-1044
      author: Morán, Anaida
       title: Educación en y para los Derechos Humanos y la Paz: Valores, Principios y Prácticas Pedagógicas Medulares
        date: 2014
       words: 3689
      flesch: 47
     summary: La educación para la paz y la educación en derechos humanos son inseparables y están íntimamente entrelazadas. los derechos humanos y la paz.
    keywords: acción; como; con; cultura; del; derechos; desde; educación; este; humanos; la paz; las; los; number; para; pax; paz; por; proyectos; que; una; violencia; volume
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        item: #43 of 208
          id: infactispax-1045
      author: Gómez, Nathalie; Urquiola, Walter
       title: Profesionalizando a Líderes Comunitarios en el Diplomado Nacional en Cultura de Paz
        date: 2014
       words: 5405
      flesch: 49
     summary: Informar, a través de los principios de la Pedagogía de la Paz y la Educación en Derechos Humanos, donde el conocimiento previo de los y las participantes, es el punto de partida de los procesos formativos. Desde 1987 se dedica a generar acciones de promoción, formación y protección de los Derechos Humanos y Cultura de Paz de la Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud con enfoque de Desarrollo Local Sustentable e Interculturalidad.
    keywords: cada; como; con; cultura; cultura de; cátedra; de la; de paz; del; derechos; desde; diplomado; educación; horas; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; humanos; la paz; las; los; nacional; number; para; participantes; pax; paz; paz y; por; prácticas; que; sesión; sobre; teóricas; una; venezuela; volume
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        item: #44 of 208
          id: infactispax-1046
      author: Morales, Liliana
       title: Interculturalidad y educación: Exploración de una paidea para el Sur El proyecto: Interculturalidad y culturas de paz con justicia
        date: 2014
       words: 4466
      flesch: 46
     summary: El Taller fue un proceso de inmersión en que las educadoras convivimos con lo/as educandos durante 12 días en las instalaciones de la Universidad de la Tierra. A lo largo de la historia occidental la noción ha sido rescatada, a veces, por movimientos educativos de tendencias aristocráticas.
    keywords: chiapas; como; con; conocimiento; cristóbal; cual; cultura; del; educación; entre; factis; fue; grupos; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; intercultural; interculturalidad; jóvenes; las; los; modelos; number; paideia; para; pax; paz; por; puerto; que; san; sociales; son; sus; una; universidad; volume
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        item: #45 of 208
          id: infactispax-1047
      author: Gómez Collado, Martha
       title: Diseño, Aplicación y Evaluación del Modelo de Intervención Tutorial en la UAEMEX desde la Perspectiva de la Educación para la Paz
        date: 2014
       words: 7697
      flesch: 39
     summary: In  Factis  Pax   Volume  8  Number  1  (2014):  39-­‐56   http://www.infactispax.org/journal       51   Isús, 2008, 55) que tiene como objetivo que los alumnos se familiaricen con la biblioteca de la Facultad como lugar de trabajo y de búsqueda, estimulando su curiosidad. Cabe señalar que esta dinámica fortaleció el diálogo, la comunicación y la participación de los estudiantes - todos aspectos claves en la Educación para la paz.
    keywords: alumnos; aplicación; aspectos; así; cada; como; con; con la; conclusión; conflictos; cultura; del; desarrollo; dinámicas; diálogo; educación; educación para; en el; esta; este; estudiantes; estudios; evaluación; facultad; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; información; intervención; la paz; las; lectura; licenciatura; los; manera; modelo; modelo de; number; objetivos; para; para la; pax; paz; por; programa; que; sobre; sus; tutorial; una; universidad; valores; volume; y la
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        item: #46 of 208
          id: infactispax-1048
      author: Dunlevy, Erin
       title: Negotiating Competing Ethical Systems in Schools: Restorative Practices for Transforming Violent School Communities
        date: 2014
       words: 2050
      flesch: 44
     summary: Finding safety where we least expect it: The role of social capital in preventing school violence. Finally, I propose that schools that consistently demonstrate high rates of suspensions due to 1 The purpose of proactive circles is to build community and relationships among school groups, whereas reactive circles are typically held in response to an event or conflict and are utilized to reach consensus (Pranis, 2005)
    keywords: justice; new; school; student; violence
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        item: #47 of 208
          id: infactispax-1049
      author: Carrascosa, Alex
       title: On The ‘Dia-Techné Dialogue Through Art’ Methodology
        date: 2014
       words: 10609
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this variable, each space —always subdivided into personal, interpersonal and collective areas— holds a small group of four people and is integrated with other similar spaces in wider wefts, so that even if they start from a single individual area, each person can come up with up to four interpersonal dia- tekhnēs or dialogues through art —as in the cases of the Mixed Wiphala (pictures 02-05) and BilboBilbea (picture 06) formats, suitable for work in large groups and whenever participants join in at different times— or even four collective dia-tekhnēs, in quartets —case of the Mixed Wiphala—, or successively broader, beginning with quartets and extending to 8, 16 and 32 participants —case of the Extreme-Stream (picture 07), appropriate format for the meeting of conflicting sides.   The main methods of working with large groups arose from the confluence of social psychology, psychoanalytic theory, and systems theory (Bunker and Alban, 1997: 11).
    keywords: art; community; design; dia; dialogue; factis; group; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; inter; number; painting; pax; people; picture; process; step; stories; tekhnē; volume
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        item: #48 of 208
          id: infactispax-1050
      author: Cannon, Susan
       title: Reflections on International Institute on Peace Education 2013: Exploring a Possible World Free from Violence
        date: 2014
       words: 3707
      flesch: 49
     summary: Finally, by hiking the Bosque del Pueblo, IIPE participants viewed first-hand the landscape preserved from destructive mining and ill-conceived pipeline. IIPE participants shared so much more work that upholds human rights and builds peace using diverse approaches.
    keywords: community; education; iipe; participants; peace; puerto; rico; school; students; thinking; world
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        item: #49 of 208
          id: infactispax-1051
      author: Verhoye, Anna
       title: Homology: A Human Rights Poem
        date: 2014
       words: 541
      flesch: 71
     summary: Only my bloodied, deformed body overtly evidences the intrusion yet I cannot access the proof you demand that I have been violated. My battered body, bloodied face is a necessary consequence of your fear; because you are afraid, I, it appears, must be scary.
    keywords: identity
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        item: #50 of 208
          id: infactispax-1052
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: Peace In Every Relationship: Building an Interdisciplinary, Holistic Domestic Violence Program on College Campuses
        date: 2013
       words: 9462
      flesch: 53
     summary: Due to the siloed nature of higher education, rarely are curricular approaches to domestic violence education interdisciplinary in nature (Astin & Astin, 2000; Harkavy, 2006). Some colleges and universities are teaching domestic violence by adding specific courses or even whole programs on the topic, but more frequently the academic coverage of this topic comes from units or event one-time lectures within specific courses.
    keywords: abuse; college; community; education; journal; learning; new; number; peace; peace education; program; rights; service; students; teaching; university; violence; volume; work
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        item: #51 of 208
          id: infactispax-1053
      author: Gerson, Janet
       title: Democratizing Global Justice: The World Tribunal on Iraq
        date: 2013
       words: 12479
      flesch: 53
     summary: As a political theorist and peace educator, I aspire to doing scholarship that contributes to advancing global justice. However, global justice, I believe, necessitates democratizing justice.
    keywords: conflict; global; international; iraq; justice; law; number; peace; people; post; press; social; tribunal; war; world; wti
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        item: #52 of 208
          id: infactispax-1054
      author: Bamidele, Oluwaseun
       title: Conflict Resolution and Peace Education Transformations across Disciplines
        date: 2013
       words: 1621
      flesch: 41
     summary: If there ever was a book written about conflict resolution and peace education that offers prospects for hope on such a grim subject, then it is this one. The book resulted from the work of numerous authors who have ably assisted the editor, and whose expert views on the conflict and peace education are fresh, provide food for thought, and urge scholars to awake from slumber and seize their moment.
    keywords: book; conflict; education; peace
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        item: #53 of 208
          id: infactispax-1055
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Human Responsibility Movement Initiatives: A Comparative Analysis
        date: 2013
       words: 10115
      flesch: 41
     summary: A counter argument proposed within this movement is that duties are requirements, not moral aspirations; by not making duties mandatory, human responsibility declarations fail. In  Factis  Pax   Volume  7  Number  1  (2013):  1-­26   http://www.infactispax.org/journal/   6 An Ethic Versus Ethics   Furthermore, human responsibility initiatives can be characterized as universal ethical manifestos rather than enforceable legal norms; in essence, a global ethic.25 Küng explains that the globalization of problems calls for a global ethic (singular) rather than global ethics (plural)
    keywords: articles; council; declaration; duties; ethic; global; human; initiatives; january; nations; responsibilities; rights; united; universal
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        item: #54 of 208
          id: infactispax-1056
      author: Jenkins, Tony
       title: Reflections on Kenneth E. Boulding’s The Image: Glimpsing the Roots of Peace Education Pedagogy
        date: 2013
       words: 5101
      flesch: 42
     summary: Boulding alludes to and describes the processes by which the image can be changed and transformed, however he does not articulate a general theory of a relationship between processes and image transformation. He observes that social organizations and institutions are extensions of individual images, often originating in the creative mind of an individual.
    keywords: boulding; education; image; knowledge; peace; peace education; pedagogy; theory
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        item: #55 of 208
          id: infactispax-1057
      author: Al-Daraweesh, Fuad
       title: Human Rights and Human Rights Education: Beyond the Conventional Approach
        date: 2013
       words: 9486
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, I venture to expand the theoretical framework of the aforementioned philosophers by dwelling on Mannheim’s thoughts on sociology of knowledge and connect these thoughts to human rights and human rights education.5 This connection, I shall argue, is an unconventional strategy to go beyond dichotomies, and to offer a new approach, which potentially could overcome some of the problems that are facing human rights and human rights education. Third, I shall connect the first two steps to human rights education by accounting for the consequences of failing to contextualize human rights knowledge, through the excessive use of one conceptualization of human rights as a representative of all.
    keywords: approach; conceptualization; culture; equivalents; ibid; knowledge; pedagogy; relational; rights; rights education; rights knowledge; traditions
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        item: #56 of 208
          id: infactispax-1058
      author: Snyder, Sam
       title: War: The Ultimate Crime Against Humanity
        date: 2013
       words: 3419
      flesch: 66
     summary: While we normally count only the two great wars of the twentieth century as “world wars,” the author states that a political definition of a world war would be one in which “all the great powers of the time are involved. By Sam R. Snyder The institution of war has an improbable history.
    keywords: chapter; states; war; wars; world; years
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        item: #57 of 208
          id: infactispax-1059
      author: Snauwaert, Dale
       title: The Importance of Philosophy for Education in a Democratic Society: Editorial Essay
        date: 2012
       words: 4796
      flesch: 50
     summary: Should the value of self-reflection and rational deliberation, central to democracy, be actualized in 6 Walter Feinberg, Common Schools/Uncommon Identities: National Unity and Cultural Difference (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998); Gutmann, Democratic Education; Kevin and Walter Feinberg (Editors) McDonough, Citizenship and Education in Liberal-Democratic Societies: Teaching for Cosmopolitan Values and Collective Identities (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Martha Nussbaum, Cultivating Humanity: A Classical Defense of Reform in Liberal Education (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997); Martha Nussbaum, For Love of Country: Debating the Limits of Patriotism (Boston: Beacon Press, 1996); Charles Taylor, Multiculturalism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994); Michael Walzer, On Toleration (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997). Citizenship and Education in Liberal- Democratic Societies: Teaching for Cosmopolitan Values and Collective Identities New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
    keywords: democracy; education; new; philosophy; press; university; university press; york
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        item: #58 of 208
          id: infactispax-1060
      author: Rinker, Jeremy
       title: Vowing to End Injustice: A Buddhist Social Movement’s Narrative Construction of Social Change
        date: 2012
       words: 11681
      flesch: 49
     summary: Specifically, in focusing on the evaluative statements embedded in TBMSG narrative structures this work focuses on the way in which narrative structures meaning.13 From this analytical frame, comparative analysis of collected movement narratives underscores the normative assumptions inherent in activists’ theories of social change. It is within TBMSG narrative structures that the ideal of social change is recursively undergoing a process of construction by TBMSG activists, yet most activists are unaware of this process of construction.
    keywords: activists; ambedkar; buddhist; caste; cit; dalit; identity; india; justice; movement; narrative; new; number; self; social; tbmsg; university
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        item: #59 of 208
          id: infactispax-1061
      author: Cusack, Carmen
       title: Alternative Dispute Resolution and Niyama, The Second Limb of Yoga Sutra
        date: 2012
       words: 8145
      flesch: 54
     summary: The U.S. is ranked 45th in literacy.97 Instead of crippling Cuba, the codification and strict enforcement of embargo, which deepened Cuba’s self-imposed austerity measures, ended- up costing the U.S. disproportionately more than it cost Cuba.98 ) See, Jeffrey Dunnung, The Helms-Burton Act: A Step in the Wrong Direction for United States Policy Toward Cuba, 54 J. Urban and Contemporary L. 213 (2003).
    keywords: adr; bargaining; criminal; cuba; culture; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; international; mar; mediation; number; plea; process; resolution; sutra; tapas; u.s; volume; yoga
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        item: #60 of 208
          id: infactispax-1062
      author: Snyder, Sam
       title: The End of War
        date: 2012
       words: 827
      flesch: 62
     summary: “ to make the case that the end of war is possible, and even imminent. Granting that his is a minority view, the author begins with the premise that war is a choice.
    keywords: end; war
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        item: #61 of 208
          id: infactispax-1063
      author: Snyder, Sam
       title: No One’s World: The West, the Rising Rest, and The Coming Global Turn
        date: 2012
       words: 1416
      flesch: 52
     summary: Between 1815 and 1914 – the era of Pax Britanniaca – European imperialism expanded in terms of both territorial reach and the scope of political control . . . Europe’s stunning rise was the product of political weakness resulting from the fragmentation of imperial rule.
    keywords: author; europe; west; world
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        item: #62 of 208
          id: infactispax-1064
      author: Chikwe, Moses
       title: Civic Education and Global Citizenship: A Deweyan Perspective
        date: 2012
       words: 13132
      flesch: 50
     summary: Lacking in these definitions of citizenship is the interesting conceptualization and understanding of citizenship in the global and multicultural context.3 This lack is also evident in the current understanding of civic education, which is framed around the formation of the democratic ideals and values of a particular nation state in the individual members of the society. Nevertheless, civic education does hold the promise of expanding the narrow goal of traditional citizenship to the global perspective, due to the organized capacity of civic education and schooling in general in communicating the civic ideals.
    keywords: american; citizenship; community; dewey; education; factis; ibid; national; new; new york; number; pax; press; public; school; society; state; students; teachers; u.s; university; volume; world; york
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        item: #63 of 208
          id: infactispax-1065
      author: Kasymov, Shavkat
       title: The Applicability of the Strategic Killing Model to the Case of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire
        date: 2012
       words: 5541
      flesch: 42
     summary: National upheaval and preexisting social cleavages can be brought into play by political groups to incite hatred and violence against adversary communities and encourage public participation in mass killing. However, Valentino believes that victims of mass killing tend to serve as scapegoats only for a small number of high- ranking political and military figures, but not for the majority of the populace.11 these events encourage genocide not because they prompt societies to seek scapegoats, but because these events provide the incentives, opportunity and cover for revolutionary elites seeking to consolidate political power or implement genocidal ideologies.12 The decision to eliminate a certain community, whether religious, ethnical or political stems from a belief that a large-scale societal transformation is only possible when a rival group is physically removed through deportation, isolation and extermination.
    keywords: armenians; empire; genocide; groups; killing; mass; ottoman; power; turks
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        item: #64 of 208
          id: infactispax-1066
      author: Francis, Joshua
       title: Designing Teacher Education Programs for Human Rights
        date: 2012
       words: 6289
      flesch: 35
     summary: Preparing Teachers to Provide a Human Rights Education Teacher education programs have historically been analyzed in terms of their graduates' impact on students' cognitive learning, while little consideration is given to the effectiveness of teacher education program's role in the creation of a just, liberal democratic society.53 Jennings stated that teacher education programs should use human rights as the organizing principle so that their graduates come to see themselves as human rights educators and advocates. 6 Ibid; G. Meintjes, Human rights education as empowerment: Reflections on pedagogy, in Human rights education for the twenty-first century, ed.
    keywords: democratic; education; human; jennings; rights; rights education; standards; teacher; teacher education
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        item: #65 of 208
          id: infactispax-1067
      author: Nganga, Daniel
       title: Culture as the Cause of Conflict: A Case study in West Pokot District, Kenya
        date: 2012
       words: 9348
      flesch: 64
     summary: Two of them are very important in relation to understanding Pokot culture and world view: “World view can be resources for understanding and analyzing true stories, rituals, myths and metaphors used by a group, we can learn efficiently and deeply about group members’ identities, which they see themselves to be, what matters to them and how they make meaning. This part elaborates more on the value of cattle which is embedded in Pokot culture that is the cause of conflict, and how the place of a cow in building a harmonious community has turned to be the cause of conflict with their neighbors.
    keywords: cattle; community; conflict; culture; kenya; north; people; pokot; pokot community; pokot culture; research; rift; seers; volume
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        item: #66 of 208
          id: infactispax-1068
      author: Snyder, Sam
       title: Outsourcing War and Peace
        date: 2012
       words: 909
      flesch: 39
     summary: In  Factis  Pax     Volume  6  Number  1  (2012):  70-­72   http://www.infactispax.org/journal/     72   The ensuing chapters focus on legal accountability and asses the extent to which private contractors might be amenable to criminal prosecution or civil suit in international or domestic forums, contractual accountability and constraint, the knotty problems of public participation as a mechanism of constraint, as well as a value in its own right, and finally, a suggestion that more attention be paid to organizational constraints. Professor Dickinson begins her book with a recounting of four incidents involving private contractors.
    keywords: contractors; public; volume
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        item: #67 of 208
          id: infactispax-1069
      author: Arce-Trigatti, Andrea; Beatriz Santucho, Florencia
       title: Espacios de Revisión: Literatura Argentina y Pedagogía Hacia la Paz
        date: 2017
       words: 10954
      flesch: 50
     summary: Traducciones teóricas del estructuralismo y de la estilística desde Argentina: una interpretación. la autonomía política indígena, por acciones que incluían la eliminación física, prácticas de concentración, deportación, esclavitud, la purificación de la comunidad infantil originaria, y la destrucción cultural (Delrio et al., 2010, p. 139).
    keywords: análisis; argentina; aún; civilización; como; comunidades; con; crítico; de la; de los; de un; del; dentro; discurso; dos; en el; en la; entre; enunciación; esta; este; estos; está; europea; hacia; han; historia; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; identidad; indios; la historia; las; lenguaje; lo que; los; mansilla; mundo; más; nación; naturaleza; number; originarias; otro; para; parte; pasado; pax; paz; poder; por; que; que el; que se; realidad; sarmiento; ser; sino; sobre; son; sujeto; sus; sólo; tanto; textos; trabajo; través; una; volume; voz; y de; y la
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        item: #68 of 208
          id: infactispax-1070
      author: van Houten, Marloes; Santner, Vera
       title: Youth as Actors in Peace and Human Rights Education
        date: 2011
       words: 5435
      flesch: 47
     summary: The United Network of Young Peacebuilders, a global network of youth peace organisations, had already provided a guest lecturer to the program in 2007. And as a global network of practitioners in youth peace work, UNOY added practitioners' knowledge to the content and methods of the Summer school program.
    keywords: culture; education; learning; participants; peace; rights; school; summer; unoy; world; youth
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        item: #69 of 208
          id: infactispax-1071
      author: Imoh , Colins Edozie
       title: Integrated Approach to Human Rights in a Post Conflict Niger Delta
        date: 2017
       words: 8430
      flesch: 60
     summary: This post-conflict era provides an opportunity for discussing the issue of human rights in the Niger Delta. What approach of human rights, therefore, should be appealed to in articulating and solving the problems in the Niger Delta?
    keywords: delta; esc; esc rights; factis; government; niger; niger delta; number; pax; people; rights; volume
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        item: #70 of 208
          id: infactispax-1072
      author: Rivillas, Juan Carlos; Henao, Olga Espinosa
       title: Unidades Móviles como estrategia para prevenir la violencia y educar para la paz: La experiencia de Antioquia, Colombia
        date: 2011
       words: 7923
      flesch: 30
     summary: Se resaltan además los puntos más trascendentales y de interés para los funcionarios y víctimas de la violencia, el estudio y socialización de las estadísticas que evidencian la problemática y permiten la comparabilidad con otras regiones. Nuevas dimensiones de la seguridad humana, En Informe Mundial Sobre Desarrollo Humano (Washington, D.C.: PNUD, 1994).
    keywords: antioquia; colombia; como; comunidades; con; de derechos; de la; de los; del; departamento; derechos; derechos humanos; desarrollo; educación; educación para; en el; estrategia; formación; humanos; intervención; intrafamiliar; la paz; la violencia; las; los; los derechos; municipios; más; móviles; number; para; para la; para los; paz; por; prevención; procesos; que; rights; salud; sobre; sus; una; unidades; violencia; y la
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        item: #71 of 208
          id: infactispax-1073
      author: Fisher-Yoshida, Beth; Lopez, Joan; Civico, Aldo
       title: Youth Leaders and the Arts: From Conflict to Strategic Community Building: Líderes Juveniles y las Artes: Del Conflicto a la Construcción Estratégica de Comunidades
        date: 2017
       words: 7102
      flesch: 57
     summary: It is important to understand that we live in complex and dynamic social contexts, and that the presence of conflict of any order, large or small, is both the cause and result of social relationships, and the cultural patterns they produce, at all levels of our society. What they do not readily see is that these everyday local conflicts are part of the social network that sustains conflict patterns of larger impact around the world.
    keywords: community; conflict; convidarte; gangs; new; number; peace; peacebuilding; relationships; violence; volume
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        item: #72 of 208
          id: infactispax-1074
      author: Verwoord, Roselynn
       title: Participatory Artistic Quiltmaking for Peacebuilding and Peace Education: Reflections on a Workshop in the International Institute for Peace Education 2010 and on a Research Study
        date: 2011
       words: 7015
      flesch: 45
     summary: Peacebuilding Peacebuilding supports the redress of underlying inequities and social conflicts in order to restore healthy relationships or to prevent future escalation of conflicts 16. My ideological stance regarding both citizenship and social education, which is reflected in my beliefs about conflict management, is that educators should be focusing 21 Ibid., 80.
    keywords: arts; conflict; education; ibid; number; participants; participatory; peacebuilding; process; quiltmaking; quilts; research; volume
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        item: #73 of 208
          id: infactispax-1075
      author: Moss, Andrew
       title: The Pen is Mightier than the Sword (poem)
        date: 2011
       words: 194
      flesch: 70
     summary: Martin Luther King, Jr. --Andrew Moss, 2010
    keywords: number
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        item: #74 of 208
          id: infactispax-1076
      author: Moss, Andrew
       title: Homage to Gandhi (poem)
        date: 2011
       words: 104
      flesch: 67
     summary: The skill of enduring dust, long hot train journeys third class, conversations conversations conversations prayer, silence . . . and a wry, patient joy in seeing you and I Volume 5 Number 3 (2011): 305-06 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 306 let fall whatever cords bind heart and mind and will.
    keywords: conversations
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        item: #75 of 208
          id: infactispax-1077
      author: Thayer-Bacon, Barbara
       title: Maria Montessori: Education for Peace
        date: 2011
       words: 7868
      flesch: 63
     summary: When Mussolini ordered Dr. Montessori to turn the children in her schools into soldiers for Italy, Montessori refused, and Montessori schools were suddenly closed in Italy by the Fascist regime. In America, it is often the case that administrators hired to run Montessori schools have no training as Montessori teachers and have little or no experience in the classroom.
    keywords: children; classroom; education; italy; kramer; mario; montessori; rome; schools; teacher; training; work; years
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        item: #76 of 208
          id: infactispax-1078
      author: Nasir, Candice Marie
       title: Contextualizing Peace in Islamic Traditions: Challenging Cultural Hegemony
        date: 2011
       words: 15052
      flesch: 49
     summary: There is a stark contrast, however, between the dominantly projected hegemonic discourse on Islam, and the realities of the strides being made by individuals in the field of peacebuilding who derive impetus for the transformation and negation of violent conflict from an interpretation of Islamic faith, which locates peace as central to the goal of human history. Section two will locate this understanding of peace in the foundational dimensions of Islamic faith that provide a hermeneutic for discerning moral imperative, as enacted and reflected in the works of secular and religious-oriented peacebuilders.
    keywords: afghanistan; conflict; context; faith; god; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; ibid; imam; islam; islamic; january; jihad; kakar; khan; law; muslim; nonviolence; number; peace; qur’an; rights; struggle; truth; university; volume; women
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        item: #77 of 208
          id: infactispax-1079
      author: Templin, Carl; Sun, Jing
       title: A Cultural Approach to Peace Education
        date: 2011
       words: 4503
      flesch: 50
     summary: Whereas in the previous session different cultural ideas of economic objects led to conflict and disengagement from the lesson, in this session students became actively engaged – feeling as though they could express their ideas and apparently taking something away from the experience. Furthermore, as it is required in the Charter, “Our cultural diversity is a precious heritage and different cultures will find their own distinctive ways to realize the vision”4.
    keywords: culture; education; lesson; peace; people; power; students
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        item: #78 of 208
          id: infactispax-1080
      author: Kopnina, Helen
       title: Consumption in Environmental Education: Developing Curriculum that Addresses Cradle to Cradle Principles
        date: 2011
       words: 4966
      flesch: 43
     summary: In regard to environmental education, this implies that along with learning ‘the facts’ and personal responsibility in regard to environment, pupils should be encouraged to learn how to engage at collective, social and political citizenship levels (Davies et al, 2002; Chawla and Cushing, 2007; Amsel, 2009). We may ponder how the potential conflicts, contradictions and dilemmas of responsible consumption are dealt with at the level of environmental education.
    keywords: c2c; children; consumption; cradle; curriculum; development; education; elementary; framework; netherlands; number; school
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        item: #79 of 208
          id: infactispax-1081
      author: Kopnina, Helen
       title: Applying The New Ecological Paradigm Scale in the Case of Environmental Education: Qualitative Analysis of the Ecological Worldview of Dutch Children
        date: 2011
       words: 6607
      flesch: 51
     summary: Given the fact that NEP scale is one of the most popular measures of environmental beliefs and attitudes, the author proposes that it might be a good measure to address the efficacy of EE – if it can be shown to be sensitive to the socio-cultural contexts in which EE takes place. In this article, the author argues that if NEP scale could be combined with the more socio-culturally specific qualitative methodology, the useful evaluative tool for addressing the efficacy of EE programs could be developed.
    keywords: attitudes; behavior; children; education; environmental; journal; nature; nep; nep scale; new; scale
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        item: #80 of 208
          id: infactispax-1082
      author: Strauss, Jill; Black, Michelle
       title: We Say, When We've Reached One We've Reached the World...but What if We Missed One?
        date: 2017
       words: 4455
      flesch: 61
     summary: On the first day of class when we introduced ourselves, Michelle said that she was from Northern Ireland (a region in the north-east corner of the island of Ireland), her family was Protestant (in other words British), and that her DNA analysis showed that she was of Irish descent. There were over twenty different initiatives in the 1970s through the early 1990s taking equal numbers of Catholic and Protestant children to Europe, Great Britain, the Republic of Ireland, and other parts of Northern Ireland for anywhere from five days to six weeks.
    keywords: belfast; children; community; conflict; ireland; northern; number; project
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        item: #81 of 208
          id: infactispax-1083
      author: Renner, Adam; McCrary, Nancye; Selwyn, Doug
       title: On Wrestling with Alienation and Producing More Progressive Mental Conceptions that Remake our World: Doing Democracy
        date: 2011
       words: 9590
      flesch: 54
     summary: It is designed to be a collaborative learning environment where teacher education students more often work together to design, develop, and evaluate instruction with an emphasis on interdisciplinary connections. Now, back in the K-12 classroom at the June Jordan School for Equity in San Francisco, CA (www.jjse.org), author 1 endeavors to develop the international service learning experience with high school students once again.
    keywords: democracy; education; experience; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; learning; number; service; students; teachers; teaching; university; volume; work; world
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        item: #82 of 208
          id: infactispax-1084
      author: Donahue-Keegan, Deborah
       title: Fostering Social, Emotional, Ethical, Civic and Academic Learning (SEECAL) Through Constructive Controversy: What are the Implications for the Professional Development of High School Teachers?
        date: 2011
       words: 13522
      flesch: 43
     summary: 12 Kathy Bickmore, “Teacher development for conflict participation: Kathy Bickmore, “Teacher development for conflict participation:
    keywords: alexa; awareness; classroom; conflict; development; education; factis; history; learning; number; school; students; teachers; teaching; volume
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        item: #83 of 208
          id: infactispax-1085
      author: Logan, Hilary
       title: Perceptions of Citizenship in Preservice Elementary Social Studies Education
        date: 2011
       words: 12371
      flesch: 44
     summary: This includes specific strategies within the methods course, such as: (a) allocation of course time for professors and students to discuss the definitions and implications of democratic principles in school settings; and (b) course grades highly weighting evaluation of students’ skills in analyzing and implementing democratic classroom practice.35 Methodology This qualitative research study utilized the basic interpretive approach to examine the relationship between the beliefs of citizenship education and the instructional strategies used to prepare preservice elementary social studies teachers to teach citizenship in their future elementary classrooms. If schools are to educate for democratic citizenship, the manner in which preservice teacher education helps teacher candidates to understand citizenship and how it will be utilized in their future teaching practices, is a true concern.
    keywords: character; character education; citizenship; citizenship education; classroom; democratic; education; elementary; preservice; preservice teachers; professors; social; students; studies; teachers
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        item: #84 of 208
          id: infactispax-1086
      author: Hyde, Andrea
       title: The Dialogic Classroom As Pedagogy: Teaching the Civic Mission of Schools
        date: 2011
       words: 8489
      flesch: 52
     summary: Though elsewhere I have been specific in my theorizing about my philosophy of education11, for the purposes of representing my personal beliefs to undergraduate teacher education students, I convey a general position that educational experiences are intrinsically valuable for their potential for personal development. In keeping with the aims of the scholarship of teaching30, I have tried to explore more deeply how teacher education students in my SFE course come to develop their beliefs about the civic responsibilities of schools toward students and communities.
    keywords: classroom; democratic; dialogic; education; factis; new; number; pedagogy; press; schools; students; teachers; university; volume; york
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        item: #85 of 208
          id: infactispax-1087
      author: Sheffield, Eric; Medina, Yolanda; Cornelius-White, Jeffrey
       title: Emotion, Reflection, and Activism: Educating for Peace in and for Democracy
        date: 2011
       words: 7951
      flesch: 46
     summary: As the means to re-engage students at the catalytic, embodied emotional level essential to learning of all kinds and to the survival of democracy, in what follows we make several general educational suggestions: first, the overriding essential educational goal of our time is to convince our students that thoughtful, peaceful, yet vehement, activism, in its various forms, and for vari- ous causes, is a democratic obligation. In Kilpatrick’s essay, “The Project Method,” he warns teachers that if a project is not grounded in what he calls a “purposeful act,” it is no improvement over more traditional, teach- er-centered, methods of teaching.40 However, when a project is initiated by student interest (an authentic “emotional” need) rather than by teacher coercion, the project becomes “life itself” and takes on a distinctly democratic character: With this general introduction, we may, in the first place, say that the purposeful act is the typical unit of the worthy life.
    keywords: action; activism; democratic; education; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; learning; new; number; students; volume; war
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        item: #86 of 208
          id: infactispax-1088
      author: Wiggins, Joy
       title: The Search for Balance: Understanding and Implementing Yoga, Peace, and Democratic Education
        date: 2011
       words: 9051
      flesch: 55
     summary: When implementing peace skills into the community, we need to have the initial social skills, then we can manifest these skills into action such as, a) taking an active role in defining community problems and framing questions from a community perspective, b) the ability to make difficult decisions by mastering public deliberation, articulating a sense of common good and recognizing a shared sense of purpose and direction, and c) creating efficient relationships among constituents to achieve mutual purposes. The definitions of peace education and peaceful pedagogy vary depending on personal conviction and context.
    keywords: balance; care; culture; education; factis; justice; number; pax; peace; peace education; schools; self; students; world; yoga
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        item: #87 of 208
          id: infactispax-1089
      author: Wood, Diane; DeMulder, Elizabeth; Stribling, Stacia
       title: Teacher Development as Deliberative Democratic Practice: A Precursor to Educating for Democratic Citizenship
        date: 2011
       words: 10659
      flesch: 51
     summary: Because we believe that the individual and collaborative skills necessary to engage in a deliberative democracy are similar to those at the core of teacher research and critical pedagogy, the latter have become centerpieces of our curriculum. Since teacher research is a core, ongoing component of the curriculum that supports the development of a teacher’s critical pedagogy, the goals and processes involved in teacher research need further description.
    keywords: action; democracy; education; learning; new; number; practices; press; program; public; research; schools; students; teachers; teaching; volume
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        item: #88 of 208
          id: infactispax-1090
      author: Reardon, Betty; Snauwaert, Dale
       title: Reflective Pedagogy, Cosmopolitanism, and Critical Peace Education for Political Efficacy:: A Discussion of Betty A. Reardon’s Assessment of the Field
        date: 2011
       words: 6706
      flesch: 36
     summary: Reflective inquiry is not only a means to the actualization of cosmopolitanism; reflective inquiry is an ethical requirement, and thus a constitutive element, of cosmopolitanism. In a recent publication entitled ”Concerns, Cautions and Possibilities for Peace Education for Political Efficacy” Betty Reardon reflects on the state of peace education and offers a brilliant reaffirmation and further elaboration of the central importance and nature of a pedagogy of reflective inquiry for a comprehensive/critical peace education.1 Betty Reardon is an internationally renowned peace scholar and peace educator.
    keywords: education; inquiry; learning; peace; peace education; pedagogy; process; questions; reardon
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        item: #89 of 208
          id: infactispax-1091
      author: Thayer-Bacon, Barbara; Ellison, Scott
       title: Learning to Trust Our Teachers: Second Installment of the Special Issue "Skills, Values, and Beliefs for Today's Democratic Citizenship"
        date: 2011
       words: 10783
      flesch: 41
     summary: Representing millions of public school teachers, the NEA constituted a major roadblock to policies designed to undermine the public role in education and was a natural target for a political bloc already antagonistic to organized labor. However, looking at the long-term trajectory of national education policy since then, the Reagan years made a solid contribution to the general erosion of trust in public education and public school teachers.
    keywords: american; crisis; democracy; education; equality; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; new; number; policy; public; rancière; research; schools; students; teachers; think; trust; u.s; volume
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        item: #90 of 208
          id: infactispax-1092
      author: Jackson, Liz
       title: Democratic Citizenship, Critical Multiculturalism, and the Case of Muslims Since September 11
        date: 2011
       words: 12749
      flesch: 26
     summary: While one might imagine that critical media literacy is developed in pre- service teachers’ coursework, such is not always the case, given that learning of public school curriculum often takes place in education courses rather than in social science or literature coursework and as, additionally, teacher education students frequently fail to take many upper-level courses in social science disciplines. While one’s home community and ability to learn may be linked, making discriminatory or ethnocentric representations of minorities ineffective when teaching minority students, as discussed previously, educators are nonetheless not charged with preserving, protecting, or maintaining different groups in society, but with educating youth to function autonomously in the public sphere: Public schools often have good educational and political reasons to acknowledge a child’s cultural meanings.
    keywords: approach; classroom; difference; education; literacy; media; minorities; minority; muslims; number; society; students; studies; teachers; teaching; view; volume
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        item: #91 of 208
          id: infactispax-1093
      author: Junkins, Todd; Narvaez, Darcia
       title: Habitat for Humanity and the Support of Civic Participation
        date: 2011
       words: 5720
      flesch: 49
     summary: Good relationships with city officials generate greater interest and investment in the success of Habitat families in homeownership and financial development. Families qualify for Habitat home ownership if they meet several qualifications: (a) their income is 25-60% of the local average income; (b) they demonstrate a need for housing; (c) they prove their ability to pay for the home; and (d) they show a willingness to become a partner in building their own home and a responsible neighbor to others in the new neighborhood.
    keywords: community; development; education; families; family; habitat; home; partnership; poverty; press; skills; support
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        item: #92 of 208
          id: infactispax-1094
      author: Lundholm, Cecilia
       title: Society’s Response to Environmental Challenges: Citizenship and the Role of Knowledge
        date: 2011
       words: 7180
      flesch: 40
     summary: Thus, in democracies, in relation to the description above of research and interest in participation and environmental education, it is not enough to pursue an agenda that i) describes and talks of the environment (or environmental problems) in very simplistic, stable ways, or, in a general sense; bundling all kinds of problems together (local water problems, climate change, recycling, etc); and, ii) does not consider the wider political and economical context of participation, and, iii) advocates a simplistic discourse where top-down equals bad, and bottom-up equals good24. Content and subject knowledge It is necessary that environmental education aims at helping students gain societal understanding (the interdependence of different actors as outlined above and the social dilemma of environmental problems) and the ways society can respond to environmental challenges.
    keywords: change; development; education; education research; environmental; learning; lundholm; nature; research; social; students; systems; understanding
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        item: #93 of 208
          id: infactispax-1096
      author: Feucht, Florian
       title: Information seeking, decision making, and action taking in social and political contexts: An Introduction to Psychological Aspects of Democratic Citizenship
        date: 2010
       words: 4110
      flesch: 33
     summary: In the following sections of this introduction to the special issue on psychological competencies of today’s democratic citizenship, I will first provide a very brief and limited chronological overview of how civic competencies were formulated and translated into specific learning objectives for civic education. Second, I develop a framework (Figure 1) on psychological aspects and civic competencies accounting for the everyday living and learning environments of citizens.
    keywords: action; beliefs; citizenship; competencies; education; knowledge; research; skills; system
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        item: #94 of 208
          id: infactispax-1097
      author: Olafson, Lori
       title: “Good” Americans and “Bad” Americans: Personal Epistemology, Moral Reasoning, and Citizenship
        date: 2010
       words: 12767
      flesch: 54
     summary: For example, Blasi maintained that concern for self identity is what motivates moral action: “Intentionally acting against one’s core values and commitments is then experienced as self-betrayal and as a loss of one’s self. In particular, I was interested in the differences between Vietnam War resisters and veterans, given that these two groups had made such different decisions regarding their involvement in the war.
    keywords: 4(1; beliefs; country; development; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; participants; perry; resisters; right; study; veterans; vietnam; vietnam war; view; war; world
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        item: #95 of 208
          id: infactispax-1098
      author: Ruitenberg, Claudia
       title: Conflict, Affect and the Political: On Disagreement as Democratic Capacity
        date: 2010
       words: 7486
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this paper I will focus on the role of affect in political disagreement and argue that political education ought to provide opportunities to foster affective attachments to political identities. In fact, I would consider it a failure of democratic political education if young people learn to avoid conflict or regard it as a breakdown of democracy, as I agree with Mouffe that “a well-functioning democracy calls for a vibrant clash of democratic political positions.”46
    keywords: affective; castoriadis; democracy; disagreement; education; identification; identity; mouffe; order; politics; rancière
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        item: #96 of 208
          id: infactispax-1099
      author: Weinstock, Michael
       title: Epistemic Understanding and Sound Reasoning Skills that Underlie Effective Democratic Engagement
        date: 2010
       words: 11675
      flesch: 49
     summary: In sum, by providing some regular support in the practice of argument, knowledge of argument skills, and understanding of goals of argument can improve argument quality and prompts students to engage in deliberation. One aspect of argument skills is the construction and evaluation of sound knowledge claims that are necessary for critical discussion aimed at producing the best fit between theoretical 16 Weinstock, Michael, “Cultural Values and Epistemological Development,” 2010.
    keywords: argument; deliberation; democracy; development; evidence; juror; knowledge; kuhn; michael; number; press; reasoning; skills; understanding; university; verdict; weinstock
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        item: #97 of 208
          id: infactispax-1100
      author: Schraw, Gregory; Olafson, Lori; Vander Veldt, Michelle; Ponder, Jennifer
       title: Teachers’ Epistemological Stances and Citizenship Education
        date: 2010
       words: 10720
      flesch: 47
     summary: Rose Marra, “Teacher beliefs: The impact of the design of constructivist learning environments on instructor epistemologies,” Learning Environments Research, 8 (2005): 135–155. Several previous studies have examined changes in epistemological beliefs across time1 however, none of these studies examined change in both epistemological and ontological world 1  Joanne Brownlee, Teacher Education Students' Epistemological Beliefs, Research in Educaton (2004): 72, 1-17.
    keywords: beliefs; citizenship; curriculum; development; education; epistemology; knowledge; learning; number; participants; quadrant; relativist; research; students; studies; teachers; volume
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        item: #98 of 208
          id: infactispax-1101
      author: Bendixen, Lisa
       title: Argumentation, Anger, and Action: Citizenship Education In and Out of the Classroom
        date: 2010
       words: 4888
      flesch: 43
     summary: A good or effective citizen would: - be informed with civic knowledge and current socio-political events - feel comfortable with disagreement and conflict in political issues - have a clear and emotionally engaged political identity - recognize sound arguments and not fall prey to fallacious statements - be able to produce sound arguments about socio-political issues - have supporting skills and beliefs to question, debate, and change the social order - have an evaluativist perspective on knowledge and knowing - would find joy and pride in their political system yet could still be critical of it - participate in social and political activism - be skilled in informal reasoning about everyday controversial issues - imagine/desire a better society within the realistic confines of that social structure As has been discussed, more clearly imagining what could be in terms of engaged citizens can facilitate reform in citizenship education. She states that the skills of disagreement are a necessary “communicative capacity” (along with affect which will be discussed in a later section) that political education should cultivate in individual citizens and society.6 2 John Patrick, “Defining, Delivering and Defending a Common Education for Citizenship in a Democracy.”
    keywords: beliefs; citizenship; classroom; education; epistemology; knowledge; reasoning; ruitenberg; students
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        item: #99 of 208
          id: infactispax-1102
      author: Snauwaert, Dale
       title: Democracy as Public Deliberation and the Psychology of Epistemological World Views and Moral Reasoning: A Philosophical Reflection
        date: 2010
       words: 2798
      flesch: 38
     summary: Essays in Retrieval (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973). Julia Annas and Robert H. Grimm (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988); Nussbaum, Frontiers of Justice: Disabliity, Nationality, Species Membership; Martha C. Nussbaum, Human Functioning and Social Justice, Political Theory 20, no. 2 (1992); Sen, The Idea of Justice.
    keywords: democracy; democratic; peace; press; reasoning; university
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        item: #100 of 208
          id: infactispax-1103
      author: Yudkin Suliveres, Anita; Pascual Morán, Anaida
       title: Action Ideas in Educating for Human Rights and Towards a Culture of Peace in Puerto Rico
        date: 2009
       words: 11957
      flesch: 43
     summary: 14 Virgen Cáceres & María Ríos La violencia nuestra de cada día (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Centro de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 2002); Perfil de la violencia en Puerto Rico 1984-2004 (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Centro Agenda para la Calidad de Vida, Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico, 2006); Segundo Encuentro de Prevención de Violencia (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Comisión para la Prevención de la Violencia, 2007).   31 García Tervijano, “Tres ideas-fuerza”, 2007; Bueno, “Proyecto para una trituración”, 2004.   32 Fernando Picó, A la universidad desde la cárcel (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Cátedra UNESCO de Educación para la Paz, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1999): Robert Rabín, Miriam Sobá & Carlos Zenón, De Vieques a la universidad (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Cátedra UNESCO de Educación para la Paz, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 2003; Luis Rivera Pagán, Entre el terror y la esperanza (San Juan, Puerto Rico: Cátedra UNESCO de Educación para la Paz, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 2004); Anita Yudkin & Anaida Pascual, eds.
    keywords: action; culture; de educación; de la; de paz; de puerto; de vieques; del; derechos; educación para; education; en puerto; factis; juan; la paz; para la; pax; peace; puerto rico; rights; san; san juan; unesco de; universidad de; violence; violencia; y la
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        item: #101 of 208
          id: infactispax-1104
      author: Moss, Andrew
       title: On The Power(s) of Writing: What Writing Studies Can Offer to Peace and Human Rights Educators
        date: 2009
       words: 8095
      flesch: 56
     summary: For peace educators, this insight into writing is crucial to the intense and challenging processes of peace education. For educators working within formal settings, there are the additional genres that powerfully define the quality of a learning environment: the syllabus, the written assignment, the power point presentation and lecture notes, the comments on students’ written work.
    keywords: audience; composition; education; educators; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; literacy; narrative; new; pax; peace; students; way; work; writing
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        item: #102 of 208
          id: infactispax-1105
      author: Alexander, Ronni
       title: Human Rights, Popoki and Bare Life
        date: 2009
       words: 7097
      flesch: 64
     summary: If a clear distinction between human and non-human life is maintained, there is perhaps no need to consider the condition of non-human life in the context of human bare life. However, if we suggest that certainly outside of the zones of exception, non-human life is an integral part of human life, then perhaps we must also pay attention to the relationship between human bare life and the life of the rest of the living world.
    keywords: exception; factis; human; life; pax; peace; popoki; rights; story; work; zones
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        item: #103 of 208
          id: infactispax-1106
      author: Scherling, Josefine
       title: International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Education: An Exploration of Differences and Complementarity
        date: 2009
       words: 6780
      flesch: 47
     summary: Like Human Rights Law, Humanitarian Law is not static; it is constantly being developed. Only a detailed knowledge of the purpose of these two laws can show that an unreflected mingling of Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Law would considerably lessen the acceptance and, as a consequence, the effectiveness and strength of both international laws as important instruments for the preservation of human dignity under different circumstances and with different means.
    keywords: conflict; education; factis; human; international; law; pax; peace; red; rights; rights education; rights law; und; war
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        item: #104 of 208
          id: infactispax-1107
      author: Jalka
       title: Spiritualiy: An Approach to Freedom and Democracy
        date: 2009
       words: 3148
      flesch: 56
     summary: Furthermore I will establish a link between spirituality and freedom. I want to reflect on the idea and concept of freedom, asking whether a specific concept of freedom could be related to spirituality as its basic source.
    keywords: freedom; peace; spirituality; thinking; understanding; way
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        item: #105 of 208
          id: infactispax-1108
      author: Morrison, Mary Lee
       title: Poetry and Peace: Explorations of Language and “Unlanguage” as Transformative Pedagogy
        date: 2009
       words: 4327
      flesch: 63
     summary: In  Factis  Pax  3(1)  (2009):  88-­‐98   http://www.infactispax.org/journal/     94   Michael True, in his short biography of Denise Levertov, makes the point that the activities of making a new language (here he is referring to peace poetry) and making a new social order are parallel activities. I agree with Denise Levertov that at the root of good poetry is a reverence for life.
    keywords: language; levertov; new; peace; poetry; rumi; words; world
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        item: #106 of 208
          id: infactispax-1109
      author: McFarland, MiaLisa
       title: Broadening Horizons: Is There a Place for Peace Education in the American Legal System and More Specifically in Family Law?
        date: 2009
       words: 5154
      flesch: 46
     summary: Broadening_Horizons_Final-1[1] In Factis Pax 3(1) (2009): 99-111 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 99 Volume 3 Number 1 (2009): 99-111 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ BROADENING HORIZONS: IS THERE A PLACE FOR PEACE EDUCATION IN THE AMERICAN LEGAL SYSTEM AND MORE SPECIFICALLY IN FAMILY LAW ? It discusses the traditional practice of family law through litigation and also details some alternative dispute resolution methods that are commonly used in Minnesota.
    keywords: child; court; dispute; education; family; law; parties; peace; resolution; state
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        item: #107 of 208
          id: infactispax-1110
      author: Nojima, Daisuke
       title: Anti-discrimination Education in Japan: Buraku Sabetsu Simulation
        date: 2009
       words: 6028
      flesch: 54
     summary: D. Kegare Impurity Lasts Forever Buraku people were discriminated against even after they passed away. And I know buraku people are doing strong human rights movements, and I hear some of them are very challenging.
    keywords: buraku; burden; community; discrimination; education; factis; http:/; human; japan; pax; people; rights; sabetsu; simulation
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        item: #108 of 208
          id: infactispax-1111
      author: Blénesi, Éva
       title: Peace Playground: The prospects of developing community based creative partnerships on human rights, peace education and cultural practices in Hungary and elsewhere
        date: 2009
       words: 3480
      flesch: 48
     summary: • Children and adults are expected to demonstrate increased self-confidence and emotional literacy, as well as engagement and developing ability to work, and respect others. • Challenged children, Roma and non-Roma children, teachers, artists, the community Volume 3 Number 1 (2009): 126-135 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 133 • Children become more confident with learning challenges, and the staff more experienced in developing creative opportunities, parents and adults will be more engaging.
    keywords: children; education; learning; life; number; play; rights; volume
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        item: #109 of 208
          id: infactispax-1112
      author: Nario-Galace, Jasmin
       title: Doing What We Teach
        date: 2009
       words: 1785
      flesch: 56
     summary: And believing that peace education is an effective pathway to peace, we have brought it to other sectors beyond the academe: the religious, police, military, government workers, parents, out-of- school youth and members of street gangs, among others. Hence, peace educators are concerned not only with theories, but also on building awareness on the roots and effects of violence and on cultivating values and attitudes compatible to the building of a culture of peace.
    keywords: culture; education; peace; students; violence
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        item: #110 of 208
          id: infactispax-1113
      author: Anto, C. P.
       title: Peace Channel: A channel for human rights education and peace in Nagaland
        date: 2009
       words: 3708
      flesch: 45
     summary: However, over the last decade and a half Naga women across tribes and neighboring states, based on their common experiences of sufferings over decades of armed violence, emerged as a formidable non-violent force in Naga society. Naga peace talks are over a decade old but a sense of negative peace prevails as opposed to positive peace.
    keywords: church; human; india; naga; nagaland; peace; people; rights; society
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        item: #111 of 208
          id: infactispax-1114
      author: Ragland, David
       title: Recasting Classical and Contemporary Philosophies to Ground Peace Education
        date: 2009
       words: 3053
      flesch: 46
     summary: According to the author, peace education is the exploration of peace moments and educational movements2 as well as a challenge to authority.3 Peace education connects the political violence to the personal. Thus, this book is partly phenomenological, in that it describes what peace education is, by examining some philosophies that might uncover and inform our thinking on peace.
    keywords: education; ethics; ibid; page; peace; philosophy; virtue; work
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        item: #112 of 208
          id: infactispax-1115
      author: Snauwaert, Dale
       title: Reclaiming a Democratic Political Community
        date: 2009
       words: 1508
      flesch: 43
     summary: These 1 John Dewey, Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education, Text-Book Series in Education (New York: The Macmillan company, 1916); Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed (New York: Continuum, 1970); Amy Gutmann, Democratic Education, revised edition ed. 2 Aristotle and Stephen Everson, The Politics, Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought (Cambridge [England] ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988).
    keywords: education; life; new; theobald
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        item: #113 of 208
          id: infactispax-1116
      author: Jenkins, Tony
       title: The International Institute on Peace Education: Twenty-six Years Modeling Critical, Participatory Peace Pedagogy
        date: 2008
       words: 4280
      flesch: 42
     summary: Tony Jenkins In Factis Pax 2 (2) (2008): 166-174 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 166 Volume 2 Number 2 (2008): 166-174 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ The International Institute on Peace Education: Twenty-six Years Modeling Critical, Participatory Peace Pedagogy Tony Jenkins Co-Director, Peace Education Center at Teachers College, Columbia University Program Coordinator, Global Education Associates Global Coordinator, International Institute on Peace Education Jenkins@g-e-a.org Introduction In 2005 the International Peace Bureau nominated the International Institute on Peace Education (IIPE) for the UNESCO Peace Education Prize. The IIPE has two primary goals: 1) to provide learning experiences and exposure to formal and non-formal educators to the content, pedagogy and 1 Cora Weiss, Nomination of the International Institute on Peace Education for the UNESCO
    keywords: community; education; iipe; learning; peace; peace education; process; world
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        item: #114 of 208
          id: infactispax-1117
      author: Bahruth, Robert
       title: Persistence of Vision: Hegemony and Counterhegemony in the Everyday
        date: 2008
       words: 5305
      flesch: 57
     summary: During the opening panel introducing the central notions of critical pedagogy, numerous breakout groups worked separately, yet composed in different ways the question of how to resist conforming to the pressures of hegemony. One structure that was not provided is central to critical pedagogy: a complete cultural circle of all of the participants conducted by a person with experience in running such a structure.
    keywords: culture; everyday; freire; hegemony; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; new; paulo; pedagogy; persistence; vision; world
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        item: #115 of 208
          id: infactispax-1118
      author: Pistolato, Francesco
       title: Hans-Peter Dürr’s thought as a source for peace work
        date: 2008
       words: 4866
      flesch: 55
     summary: He sees no opposition between spirit and matter and considers the latter to be a condensation of the former.14 This condensation happens continuously,15 “in creative processes of a continuous differentiation and simultaneous or successful integration of differences”,16 therefore: “Many other worlds are possible”.17 They are being continuously developed and can be applied to transmit at least some of Dürr’s main ideas: • openness of life (potentiality, not determinism, future to be construed) and therefore: • confidence in the possibility of change (many other worlds are possible) • basic freedom within a much wider concept of natural laws • omni‐interconnectedness
(racism
and
any
selfish
behavior
as
self‐damage)
 • …?

    keywords: dürr; knowledge; matter; new; physics; quantum; science; way; world
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        item: #116 of 208
          id: infactispax-1119
      author: Alexander, Ronni
       title: Popoki, What Color is Peace? Exploring critical approaches to thinking, imagining and expressing peace with the cat, Popoki
        date: 2008
       words: 7297
      flesch: 55
     summary: Through our work with Popoki Peace Project, we have learned the power of embodied memory with regard to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (1995). Political Theory, October 2001, p.688 In Factis Pax 2 (2) (2008): 211-228 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 227 The experience of participation in one Popoki Peace Project workshop will probably not create a peace-maker, but it certainly provides an entry point for envisioning and creating peace.
    keywords: education; expression; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; learning; pax; peace; people; popoki; project; violence
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        item: #117 of 208
          id: infactispax-1120
      author: Kök, Havva
       title: Unity-based Peace Education: A New Approach to Peace Education by Transforming World Views
        date: 2008
       words: 4075
      flesch: 52
     summary: According to a Unity- Based Peace Education approach, “our worldviews shape how we perceive, interpret, understand and respond to the realities around us. “The Elusive Nature of Peace Education”.
    keywords: conflict; danesh; education; international; peace; proposal; unity; worldviews
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        item: #118 of 208
          id: infactispax-1121
      author: Steiner, Stan
       title: Teaching About Peace Through Children's Literature
        date: 2008
       words: 5881
      flesch: 76
     summary: Bibliography on Books that Bring People Together In Factis Pax 2 (2) (2008): 229-244 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 236 The following bibliography is not part of the above manuscript, but a more complete list of books fitting a multicultural theme of ethnic diversity within the story or book. 2 Paulo Freire and Myra Bergman Ramos, Pedagogy of the Oppressed (New York: Continuum, 1970).
    keywords: books; children; discussion; group; literature; new york; participants; peace; people; press; reading; stories; time; world
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        item: #119 of 208
          id: infactispax-1122
      author: Mantziara, Nicoletta
       title: The UNESCO Schools Cooperation Network Health Education Programme
        date: 2009
       words: 10805
      flesch: 64
     summary: At the end of the academic-year (June 2008): End-of-year celebration performances (by fourth year pupils from Greece: on the 12th of June 2008) Pupils performed a version of “The Animal-farm” by George Orwell35, which we filmed on video. Our students also wrote group letters to urge the government to ratify the optional protocol on the convention on child rights banning the involvement of children in armed conflict.
    keywords: activities; activity; athens; children; discussion; education; greece; greek; group; individual; language; pax; peace; pupils; rights; school; writing; year
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        item: #120 of 208
          id: infactispax-1123
      author: Adiv, Udi
       title: Political Pedagogy Vs Coexistance Education: The Case of Israel\Palestine
        date: 2008
       words: 6853
      flesch: 50
     summary: Evidently, what is lacking in Israeli education, and in the world at large, is that republican political perspective as the realization of the “idea of good”. Thus, the Jewish-Arab dichotomy, as the dominant discourse in Israeli education, is indeed specific and divisive as compared to MacDonald’s and Toyota.
    keywords: coexistence; conflict; education; factis; history; israel; national; new; pax; people; press; state; system; zionist
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        item: #121 of 208
          id: infactispax-1124
      author: Netzer, David
       title: Painful Past in the Service of Israeli Jewish-Arab Dialogue: The Work of the Center for Humanistic Education at the Ghetto Fighters House in Israel
        date: 2008
       words: 3823
      flesch: 54
     summary: In each case the factual description of the event is followed by my interpretation and conceptualization in reference to CHE practice. CHE process challenges deep-rooted conventions in three topics: • Involving Arabs in issues of the Holocaust – conventionally a Jewish area.
    keywords: arab; che; dialogue; education; holocaust; identity; israeli; participants
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        item: #122 of 208
          id: infactispax-1125
      author: Banks, Fran
       title: Youth Initiatives in Conflict Zones: Focus Northern Ireland
        date: 2008
       words: 7126
      flesch: 57
     summary: The final focus of this paper looks at Northern Ireland youth initiatives in a post conflict framework and how the process are being re-evaluated and revised. It is important to note three factors here: Northern Ireland did not include the entire province of Ulster.
    keywords: community; conflict; education; ireland; northern; northern ireland; organisations; people; programmes; work; years; youth; youth work
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        item: #123 of 208
          id: infactispax-1126
      author: Edozie, Imoh
       title: Peace Education in Marginalized Communities in Nigeria: The 'Protect Our Future' Project
        date: 2008
       words: 9647
      flesch: 59
     summary: The newly created Ministry of Niger Delta, might be able to facilitate the process. There are various documented cases of non violent protest that various government crushed with ample violence.
    keywords: area; community; conflict; country; factis; government; groups; kidnapping; leaders; militants; niger delta; nigeria; oil; pax; people; situation
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        item: #124 of 208
          id: infactispax-1127
      author: Ninsri, Son
       title: Thailand’s Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act B.E. 2551 (2008): A New Development in Human Rights Protection and Justice
        date: 2008
       words: 9939
      flesch: 36
     summary: (iii) This Act does not protect trafficked victims especially aliens from being charged on the offence of immigration, labour, or prevention and suppression of prostitution laws. trafficked person who is an alien return to the country of residence or domicile without delay except such person is allowed the permanent residence in the Kingdom according to the immigration law or has been granted a relief, in an exceptional case, to stay in the Kingdom from the Minister of Interior, with evidence and documents under the law on census registration or the law on alien registration. In case where a person of the Thai nationality falls as trafficked person in a foreign country, and wants to return to the Kingdom or residence, the competent official shall undertake to clarify whether such person is a Thai or not.
    keywords: act; committee; human; offence; official; persons; section; suppression; thailand; trafficking; victims
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        item: #125 of 208
          id: infactispax-1128
      author: Goren, Nilsu
       title: Weapons of Mass Destruction: Challenges Towards Nonproliferation in the Middle East
        date: 2008
       words: 7624
      flesch: 38
     summary: Building on top of nuclear deterrence; nuclear disarmament and nuclear arms control are distinct concepts that are generally used interchangeably. Within the theoretical debate on nuclear deterrence, there are essential propositions that a near-consensus is achieved in the realist camp:2 a. Principal purpose of nuclear weapons is not to wage but to preclude large-scale war among major powers.
    keywords: arms; arms control; control; culture; east; international; middle; middle east; non; nuclear; proliferation; security; states; war; weapons; wmd
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        item: #126 of 208
          id: infactispax-1129
      author: Sheleff, Rinah
       title: The Origins of Critical Pedagogy, or the Freirization of Paolo: A poem by Rinah Sheleff
        date: 2008
       words: 369
      flesch: 72
     summary: Rinah Sheleff 381 Volume 2 Number 2 (2008): 381-382 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ THE ORIGINS OF CRITICAL PEDAGOGY, OR THE FREIRIZATION OF PAOLO Rinah Sheleff A judge was asked by two people to settle a dispute between them. Paolo’s mother was a wise woman to whom people in the community turned for advice and mediation.
    keywords: judge
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        item: #127 of 208
          id: infactispax-1130
      author: Brenes, Abelardo
       title: Education for Sustainable Development based on the Earth Charter
        date: 2008
       words: 7486
      flesch: 38
     summary: Brenes In Factis Pax 2 (1) (2008): 1-29 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 1 Volume 2 Number 1 (2008): 1-29 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ Education for Sustainable Development based on the Earth Charter Abelardo Brenes, Ph.D. Special Advisor to Earth Charter International Member of Monitoring and Evaluation Expert Group (MEEG), United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development Mailing address: Apartado 95 Barrio México 1005 San José, Costa Rica E-mail: abrenesca@racsa.co.cr In Factis Pax 2 (1) (2008): 1-29 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 2 The Earth Charter, educational change and pedagogy Introduction This is an essay of hope in humanity’s moral and intellectual capacity to envision, jointly plan, and carry-forth a concerted effort to meet the historically unique challenges we face and also to create opportunities for fulfilling the potential of our evolutionary heritage. Earth Charter International, “Earth Charter”.
    keywords: change; charter; decade; development; earth; education; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; human; life; nations; pax
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        item: #128 of 208
          id: infactispax-1131
      author: Blenkinsop, Sean; Beeman, Chris
       title: The Earth Charter, a Radical Document: A Pedagogical Response
        date: 2008
       words: 5314
      flesch: 57
     summary: Discussions of non-violence, caims that “every form of life has value”(Earth Charter), and questioning the “dominant patterns of production and consumption” (Earth Charter) all suggest that this document is positioning itself as being substantively different. Second, the Earth Charter places the Earth front and centre and insists upon the interrelatedness of environmental and human well-being.
    keywords: change; charter; earth; earth charter; factis; nature; pax; story; students; world
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        item: #129 of 208
          id: infactispax-1132
      author: Snauwaert, Dale
       title: The Cosmopolitan Ethics of the Earth Charter: A Framework for a Pedagogy of Peace
        date: 2008
       words: 12274
      flesch: 50
     summary: Jean Bethke Elshtain (New York: New York University Press, [1989] 1992); Robert L. Holmes, On War and Morality (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989); Terry Nardin, ed., The Ethics of War and Peace: Religious and Secular Perspectives (Princeton, NJ: Such a nullification of sovereignty and the principle of nonintervention must be confined to heinous actions, to crimes against humanity recognized by the Princeton University Press, 1996); Paul Ramsey, The Just War: Force and Political Responsibility (New York: University Press of America, [1968] 1983); James Turner Johnson, Just War Tradition and the Restraint of War: A Moral and Historical Inquiry (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981); James Turner Johnson, Morality and Contemporary Warfare (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999); Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations (New York: Basic Books, 1997).
    keywords: ethics; factis; human; life; new; new york; pax; peace; press; princeton; respect; right; self; university; university press; war; york
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        item: #130 of 208
          id: infactispax-1133
      author: Huggins, Karen; Kester, Kevin
       title: The Earth Charter: Peace Education and Values for a Shared World
        date: 2008
       words: 9566
      flesch: 51
     summary: 28 Betty Reardon explains: “In peace education violence is considered to be avoidable, intentional harm, inflicted for a purpose or perceived advantage of the perpetrator or of those who, while not direct perpetrators, are, however, advantaged by the harm,” Education for a Culture of Peace in a Gender Perspective. During the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014),5 the Earth Charter operates as an international normative document for integrating values of sustainability into education.
    keywords: charter; democracy; earth; earth charter; education; factis; factis pax; global; life; new; pax; peace; peace education; social; values; violence; world; york
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        item: #131 of 208
          id: infactispax-1134
      author: Reardon, Betty
       title: A Pedagogy of Alternatives: A Peace Education Comment on Mark Webb’s “Letter to Naomi Klein”
        date: 2008
       words: 1444
      flesch: 41
     summary: Instructors might observe the significance of this approach, inviting students to consider still other alternatives to constructive critique in which the goal is not to reject through refutation, but to clarify ways to an alternative, preferred reality through the identification not only of the differences to be clarified but, especially of the complementarities that further illuminate the need for and possibilities of positive alternatives to the negative problematic. Reardon In Factis Pax 2 (1) (2008): 123-136 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 131 Volume 2 Number 1 (2008): 131-136 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ A Pedagogy of Alternatives: A Peace Education Comment on Mark Webb’s “Letter to Naomi Klein” Betty A. Reardon Founder, International Institute on Peace Education Founding Director Emeritus, Peace Education Center, Teachers College, Columbia University A major characteristic of the pedagogy of peace education as I have practiced it, is positing, assessing, and strategizing alternatives to the current world order, i.e. transforming reality.
    keywords: alternatives; klein; pedagogy
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        item: #132 of 208
          id: infactispax-1135
      author: Cabezudo, Alicia
       title: Acerca de la Identidad y Particularidad Educación para la Construcción de Cultura de Paz. Aportes para Colombia
        date: 2017
       words: 6952
      flesch: 36
     summary: Este rol transformador permite construirnos en ciudadanos activos de un mundo complejo donde somos habitantes de una región específica, ciudadanos de un país, portadores de una cultura o culturas y al mismo tiempo nos desarrollamos como ciudadanos conectados con un sistema global cada vez más interrelacionado que necesita de todos los habitantes del planeta y de la práctica de solidaridad, fraternidad y cooperación entre ellos. Las explicaciones se agotan y la práctica de construcción del conocimiento mediante metodología reflexiva, activa y moderna
    keywords: américa; aprendizaje; armado; así; colombia; como; con; conflictos; construcción; cultura; debe; del; derechos; desarme; desde; donde; educación; educación para; esta; estado; este; factis; formal; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; humanos; la paz; las; los; number2; para; para la; parte; pax; paz; país; por; principios; proceso; que; realidad; ser; sobre; social; sociedad; temas; todos; una; violencia; volume
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        item: #133 of 208
          id: infactispax-1136
      author: Webb, Mark
       title: A Letter to Naomi Klein
        date: 2008
       words: 6598
      flesch: 50
     summary: Social democracy in Sweden was not a project aimed at changing capitalist economic rules, it was an attempt at carefully working within them. Webb In Factis Pax 2 (1) (2008): 129-159 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ 137 Volume 2 Number 1 (2008): 137-159 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ Dear Naomi Klein, I recently finished reading your latest book, The Shock Doctrine.1 Your detailed account of the connections between neoliberal economic policy and the use of violent repression, the decline of welfare states, and the rise of corporatized war and disaster capitalism is compelling.
    keywords: capitalism; change; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; neoliberalism; pax; people; rules; south
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        item: #134 of 208
          id: infactispax-1137
      author: Pascual Morán, Anaida
       title: Educar en la Paz Conflictual Desde Pedagogías Críticas /Creativas y Proyectos de Posibilidad en Escenarios Postconflicto
        date: 2017
       words: 9806
      flesch: 42
     summary: Por lo que me hago eco de las palabras de los colegas de la Escuela de Cultura de Paz de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. La paz significa algo más que la ausencia de guerra y de conflicto; es un concepto dinámico que debe considerarse en términos positivos: la presencia de la justicia social y la armonía, la posibilidad de que los seres humanos realicen plenamente sus posibilidades y gocen del derecho a una supervivencia digna y sostenible (UNESCO, 1994, p. 4).
    keywords: acción; así; colombia; como; con; conflicto; conflictual; construcción; creación; cultura; de educación; de la; de paz; del; derechos; derechos humanos; desde; diferencias; educación; educación para; en el; este; estudios; factis; facultad; graduados; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; humanos; investigación; la educación; la paz; las; los; morán; number; para; para la; pax; paz; paz y; pedagogías; piedras; por; proceso; proyectos; puerto; que; recinto; recuperado; recuperado de; rico; río; social; una; unesco; universidad; violencia; volume; y la
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        item: #135 of 208
          id: infactispax-1138
      author: Williams, Hakim
       title: Encyclopedia of Peace Education
        date: 2008
       words: 1364
      flesch: 38
     summary: Militarism’s exclusion of alternative solutions to the world’s problems presents opportunities for peace education; peace research can assist in countering the seemingly irrefutable claims that violence/war is instinctual to humans, allowing peace education to boldly re-define “human security” (p. 96). This is why this succinct volume proves to be so timely; it aims to “provide greater nuance to debates around peace education” (p. 2).
    keywords: education; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; peace
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        item: #136 of 208
          id: infactispax-1139
      author: de Sousa Santos, Boaventura
       title: Colombia Between Neoliberal Peace and Democratic Peace
        date: 2017
       words: 8271
      flesch: 40
     summary: There are two types of peace: neoliberal peace and democratic peace. At best, this demobilization aimed at securing neoliberal peace and was explicitly hostile to the idea of democratic peace.
    keywords: colombia; conflict; democracy; factis; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; justice; land; model; number; pax; peace; process; rights; social; violence; volume
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        item: #137 of 208
          id: infactispax-1140
      author: Gerson, Janet; Yudkin, Anita
       title: Introduction to Peace Building in Post-Conflict Contexts
        date: 2017
       words: 700
      flesch: 37
     summary: This issue on peace building in post-conflict contexts brings together diverse perspectives and actions in peace education and social justice studies. These efforts are taking place through civil society initiatives, peace education in formal educational settings, and among public groups, toward empowering citizens and transforming the civil and social cultures of Colombia from war to cultures of peace.
    keywords: colombia; international; peace
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        item: #138 of 208
          id: infactispax-1141
      author: Archer, Tim
       title: Review of Pedagogy, Politics and Philosophy of Peace: Interrogating Peace and Peacemaking
        date: 2017
       words: 1123
      flesch: 37
     summary: In total, the book consists of three parts: ‘the contents of peace’, ‘challenges to peace education’, and ‘peace pedagogy’. For peace education programmes to move beyond perpetuating hegemony, they claim four pillars need to be present: reinstating the materiality of things and practices; reontologizing research and practice in peace education; becoming critical experts of design; and engaging in critical cultural analysis.
    keywords: education; peace
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        item: #139 of 208
          id: infactispax-1142
      author: Mische, Patricia M.
       title: Review of A global security system: an alternative to war. 
        date: 2017
       words: 1221
      flesch: 39
     summary: The major components of common security outlined in this work include: ▪ Focus on common rather than only national security (win-win solutions) ▪ Shift to non-provocative defense posture; ▪ Create a nonviolent, civilian-based defense force; ▪ Phase out military bases; ▪ Disarm nuclear and conventional weapons in phased reductions, and end the arms trade; ▪ End use of militarized drones; ▪ Ban weapons in outer space; ▪ End invasions and occupations; ▪ Convert military spending to civilian needs; ▪ Reconfigure the response to terrorism; use nonviolent responses instead, such as arms embargoes, civil society support, meaningful diplomacy, inclusive good governance, conciliation, arbitration, judicial solutions, education and accurate information-sharing, cultural exchanges, refugee repatriation, sustainable and just economic development, etc; ▪ Include women in war prevention and peace-building; ▪ Reform and strengthen the United Nations and other international institutions; ▪ Strengthen the International Court of Justice (World Court) and the International Criminal Court; ▪ Strengthen international law; ▪ Foster compliance with existing international treaties and create new ones where needed; ▪ Establish Truth and Reconciliation Commissions; ▪ Create a fair and stable global economy In Factis Pax Volume 11 Number 2 (2017): 248-251 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 250 ▪ Democratize international economic institutions (World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, World Bank); ▪ Create a Global Parliament; ▪ Develop a Culture of Peace; ▪ Encourage the work of peaceful religious initiatives; ▪ Promote peace journalism (distinct form war/violence journalism); ▪ Spread and fund peace education and peace research; ▪ Tell a “New Story” rooted in a deepened consciousness and understanding of Earth as our common home and shared future. World Beyond War, 2016, 88 pp., US $16.97 (paperback), free digital download, ISBN 978-0-9980859-1-3 Reviewed by Patricia M. Mische geapatmische@aol.com Co-Author, Toward A Human World Order: Beyond the National Security Straitjacket, and Toward a Global Civilization, The Contribution of Religions Co-founder, Global Education Associates Lloyd Professor of Peace Studies and World Law at Antioch College (retired) A Global Security System summarizes some key proposals for ending war and developing alternative approaches to global security that have been advanced over the past half century.
    keywords: peace; security; war
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        item: #140 of 208
          id: infactispax-1149
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: Jewban Diaspora Narratives on Identity, Belonging, Resilience, Privilege and Community 
        date: 2024
       words: 8125
      flesch: 61
     summary: An island called home: Returning to Jewish Cuba. All four exiles reported that their mothers also worked, usually within family businesses.
    keywords: community; cuba; enrique; exiles; family; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; jewbans; jewish; jews; lilia; miami; new; number
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        item: #141 of 208
          id: infactispax-1207
      author: Park, Bomi
       title: Review of Dale T. Snauwaert: Teaching peace as a matter of justice: toward a pedagogy of moral reasoning, PJSA book series, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2023, 239pp., ISBN 978-1-5275-1866-7
        date: 2024
       words: 1165
      flesch: 37
     summary: This book is a profound contribution to the discourse on peace education, asserting that the foundation of a peaceful society is predicated on the development of moral reasoning and justice-oriented citizenship. https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax mailto:Dianne.bomi.park@gmail.com Volume 18 Number 1 (2024): 46-48 https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax 47 This redefinition of peace education is timely and critical.
    keywords: book; justice; peace
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        item: #142 of 208
          id: infactispax-1209
      author: Ardizzone, Leonisa
       title: Peace Education, Transformation, and Responding to Climate Chaos
        date: 2024
       words: 10108
      flesch: 45
     summary: Peace education is ideally suited as the methodology for climate education if we are committed to using a critical, analytical, intersectional, interdisciplinary approach that questions assumptions, poses problems, engages in counter- hegemonic thinking, and collaboratively encourages learners to examine root causes and generate solutions that are holistic, responsive, and long-lasting. About peace education practice, they share:
    keywords: change; chaos; climate; earth; education; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; learning; life; nature; number; peace; peace education; science; students; violence; volume; world
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        item: #143 of 208
          id: infactispax-1278
      author: Simpson, Erika
       title: Cutting-Edge Dynamics of Drone Technologies: Military Strategies and Peaceful Innovations
        date: 2024
       words: 6940
      flesch: 31
     summary: Initially in the Afghanistan War, the U.S. government intended to use military drones against highly valued targets, like key leaders of al-Qaida. Rather than advocating for a blanket ban on drones due to their potential use in targeting individuals, such as al-Qaeda operatives in Pakistan or Russian soldiers in the Ukraine-Russia conflict, the article adopts a comprehensive approach by engaging with contemporary literature that assesses the complex implications of drone technology.
    keywords: air; autonomous; delivery; drones; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; military; new; number; operations; states; strikes; systems; technology; use; volume; weapons
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        item: #144 of 208
          id: infactispax-1307
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: Protecting Students? Rhetoric vs. Reality and Recommendations for Peace Educators in the United States
        date: 2024
       words: 6565
      flesch: 37
     summary: Lake County, Florida school district removed the book And Tango Makes Three because it allegedly violated the “Don’t Say Gay” law. State officials alleged that the course was in violation of state law because it lacked “educational value and historical accuracy.”
    keywords: ban; children; college; education; florida; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; kids; law; laws; legislation; number; republican; school; states; students; transgender; volume
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        item: #145 of 208
          id: infactispax-1309
      author: Modi, Armene
       title: Interview with Dr. Betty Reardon on the Theme of Peace Education
        date: 2024
       words: 3762
      flesch: 51
     summary: Armene: Now turning to language teaching, what implication does Peace Education have for language teachers and should Peace Education be taught only by language teachers? Armene: So how can language teachers put the aims of Peace Education into practice?
    keywords: education; language; peace; reardon
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        item: #146 of 208
          id: infactispax-1345
      author: Dehm, Zachary
       title: Book Review: The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Religion and Peace
        date: 2024
       words: 1596
      flesch: 49
     summary: As many head to mosques, synagogues, churches, and the halls of government in pursuit of a fragile ceasefire or, better yet, a sustainable peace, volumes like this one can offer a resource for the trials of that great mission Additional References Murphy, Andrew R. (Ed.). The group of chapters in the first, entitled “Religion and the Search for Peace,” set the stage for the volume as a whole with a broad examination of religion and its relationship to violence and peacebuilding.
    keywords: chapter; peace; religion; section; volume
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        item: #147 of 208
          id: infactispax-1462
      author: Dietrich, Wolfgang
       title: It Peaces! On the Linguistic Significance of Peacing as Activity 
        date: 2024
       words: 8958
      flesch: 52
     summary: His definition of structural violence provided orientation and direction for European peace research. In the course of its foundation, European peace research inherited a problem of interpretation by this regress to its Christian deep culture.
    keywords: absence; dietrich; enframing; essence; european; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; individual; language; noun; number; peace; peace research; research; soul; speech; subject; systems; violence; volume; world
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        item: #148 of 208
          id: infactispax-1463
      author: Imoh, Colins
       title: Affirmative Action in the Educational Sector: A Discriminative Practice or for Promoting Peaceful Living?
        date: 2024
       words: 9263
      flesch: 49
     summary: This paper divides Nigeria into two zones: northern Nigeria, with 19 states and southern Nigeria, with 17 states. The implementation of affirmative action policies can vary depending on the specific circumstances.
    keywords: action; country; education; federal; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; justice; nigeria; number; peace; policy; rawls; schools; society; states; unity; volume
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        item: #149 of 208
          id: infactispax-1467
      author: Johnson, Ciara Renee
       title: Using Climate Simulators to Facilitate Peacebuilding: A Study of Practice
        date: 2025
       words: 8735
      flesch: 36
     summary: As policy makers engage with scenario analysis via climate simulators, columns of numbers from spreadsheets transform into a human narrative via the visualization of climate change impacts on local communities. This article explores the pivotal role of climate simulators in fostering peacebuilding through informed, data-driven dialogues.
    keywords: change; climate; climate change; climate simulators; community; data; energy; figure; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; impacts; number; peacebuilding; policy; roads; simulators; tool; use; volume
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        item: #150 of 208
          id: infactispax-1525
      author: Simpson, Erika; Hwang, Juneseo
       title: Forging Peace in 2025-2030: The Role of Canada and South Korea as Middle Powers in Leading Global Conflict Resolution
        date: 2025
       words: 11961
      flesch: 34
     summary: South Korea learned important lessons following the North Korea-U.S. Summit in 2019 as North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho expressed North Korea’s frustration over the devaluation of its ‘offers’ by the U.S. government (Nishino, 2019). Civil society actors in South Korea, including humanitarian aid suppliers and reunification movement organizations, are actively engaged in building relationships with North Korea to advance the inter-Korean peace process, despite ongoing political conflicts and tensions at the state level.
    keywords: canada; conflict; deterrence; global; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; international; korea; middle; military; north; nuclear; number; peace; powers; security; simpson; south; south korea; states; united; volume; war; weapons
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        item: #151 of 208
          id: infactispax-1605
      author: Navarro Caparrós, Raquel
       title: Revitalizing Regional Landscapes, Redefining Peace: Satoyama and Satoumi as Models for Eco-Relational Justice in Japan
        date: 2025
       words: 6173
      flesch: 34
     summary: In this way, Totoro is not just a symbol of nature; he becomes a guardian of ecological peace, reminding us that sustainability is not only about protecting biodiversity but about preserving the cultural and emotional landscapes that sustain human relationships with the natural world. Transition of Satoyama landscapes in Japan.
    keywords: communities; conservation; foundation; furusato; human; japan; landscapes; management; nature; peace; practices; satoumi; satoyama; totoro
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        item: #152 of 208
          id: infactispax-1609
      author: Archer, David Tim; Sellman, Edward; Unger, Josefina; Wilson, Rosanna
       title: Self, Eco-relationality and Peace Pedagogy: Lessons and Challenges from Wisdom Traditions ~ A Dialogue.
        date: 2025
       words: 14657
      flesch: 52
     summary: We believe such perspectives align with, and in some cases even predate, decolonial and philosophical critiques of peace education, offering specific methodologies that could transform our ways of being away from current Neoliberal framings towards more ecologically-centric and relational sensibilities. In our first entries we will say a little more about our early educational careers, what brought us to peace education and the themes and questions our initial journeys raised before revisiting each other’s reflections.
    keywords: education; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; learning; mindfulness; nature; new; number; peace; peace education; people; perspectives; research; self; sellman; traditions; volume; wisdom; work; world
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        item: #153 of 208
          id: infactispax-1625
      author: Wintersteiner, Werner
       title: The Ecological Challenge of Peace Education: A plea for a new Comprehensive Peace Education
        date: 2025
       words: 10395
      flesch: 44
     summary: (Ferdinand, 2022, online text no pagination) Postcolonial ecological (peace) pedagogy As we have seen, peace education has had ecological issues in mind since its modern constitution as “critical peace education” (e.g. Wulf 1974, Haavelsrud 1974). This text traces the paths that peace education has taken over the last half century in developing such a way of thinking.
    keywords: culture; development; earth; education; global; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; life; nature; new; number; peace; peace education; thinking; volume; way; world
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        item: #154 of 208
          id: infactispax-1628
      author: Rigoni Grabar, Paola; Mancarella, Dino
       title: The Relationship Between Education and the Environment: A Critical and Nonviolent Perspective
        date: 2025
       words: 4249
      flesch: 35
     summary: Reductionist approaches, which privilege certainty, quantification, and control, risk obscuring the complexity of educational experience. In an age of oversimplification, ecological education offers a powerful response: it prepares minds to see the bigger picture and to act with awareness of the interdependence between living beings (Louv, 2008).
    keywords: education; environment; experience; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; learning; nature; number; pedagogy; volume; world
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        item: #155 of 208
          id: infactispax-1630
      author: Gerson, Janet C.; Knox-Steiner, Stephanie; Pastoors, Dani*el*a
       title: Widening and Wilding The Socio-Ecological Dimensions of Peace Experiences from the International Institute on Peace Education: Experiences from the International Institute on Peace Education
        date: 2025
       words: 11358
      flesch: 50
     summary: At minimum, may the foundational concepts —modernity problematized, peace, interbeing, and sentipensar -- and the organizing concepts – https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax In Factis Pax Volume 19 Number 1 (2025): 256-281 https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax 279 substrate, interstices, and intersubjectivity -- inform other peace education contexts and endeavors. Focused on peace education, we consider these relations and how we might open our sensing, feeling and thinking toward deeper relations in peace learning.
    keywords: education; experience; hospicing; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; iipe; interbeing; learning; life; modernity; mosaic; number; participants; peace; peace education; time; volume; workshop; world
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        item: #156 of 208
          id: infactispax-1631
      author: Svigelj, Melissa
       title: Solidarity in an Eco-Relational Paradigm for Peace and Justice?
        date: 2025
       words: 4970
      flesch: 29
     summary: Solidarity Since its evolution, the term solidarity has inspired many definitions, levels, forms, interpretations, categorizations, and material enactments. More- than-human solidarity in an eco-relational paradigm insists on the need to account for all components and other beings in ecosystems “with their own radically diverse life projects, capacities, phenomenologies, ways of being, functionings, forms of integrity, and relationalities” (Celermajer et al., 2021, p. 15).
    keywords: climate; earth; eco; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; justice; number; paradigm; relational; solidarity; volume
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        item: #157 of 208
          id: infactispax-1632
      author: Gonzalez Torres, Leonardo; Vázquez Rico, Inés
       title: Exploring psycho-educational horizons in the face of the climate crisis: links between contemplative pedagogy and the eco-relational paradigm of peace.
        date: 2025
       words: 6871
      flesch: 37
     summary: We are particularly interested in the possibility of promoting experiential work that contributes to the promotion of ecological peace in people. This has resulted in proposals and practices of nonviolent civil resistance, peace education in the context of Indigenous peoples, and the use of alternative communication networks, https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax In Factis Pax Volume 19 Number 1 (2025): 123-144 https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax 126 among others.
    keywords: climate; compassion; context; crisis; earth; education; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; number; paradigm; peace; planet; practices; volume
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        item: #158 of 208
          id: infactispax-1633
      author: Munroe, Amanda
       title: Toward Place-Based Peace Pedagogies
        date: 2025
       words: 6088
      flesch: 39
     summary: Exploring the conceptualization of place in his 1977 book, Space and Place, humanist geographer Yi-Fu Tuan wrote, “if we think of space as that which allows movement, then place is pause; each pause in movement makes it possible for location to be transformed into place…” (p. 6). In his book, The Larger Conversation: Contemplation and Place, poet and philosopher Tim Lilburn (2017) provides a searching distinction between the notion of the atomic self, the self that “floats,” and an “emplaced self,” one responsible and responsive to place.
    keywords: education; enclosure; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; modernity; number; place; press; self; time; tradition; university; volume
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        item: #159 of 208
          id: infactispax-1636
      author: Amster, Randall
       title: Interdependence, Interconnectedness, and Intersectionality: The Ecology of Positive Peace
        date: 2025
       words: 4754
      flesch: 38
     summary: Drawing upon lessons from environmental justice, such examples of deeply rooted socioecological praxis can help transform unjust arrangements of power—while being cognizant of the twin suppositions that those who have suffered the most from disparate environmental burdens should not bear primary responsibility for remediating those crises and that we should engage these issues “without resorting to either victimization or valorization by cultivating pathways toward collaborative ecological engagement, emphasizing policy frameworks and lived experiences equally in seeking tenable and durable solutions” (Amster & Kato 2018, p. 7). Pellow further reflects on the need to go beyond “state power” as the primary unit of analysis for redressing social and ecological harms, instead seeking ways to ground struggles for environmental justice in communities as establishing mechanisms to “deepen direct democracy” by creating new spaces for autonomous activities (pp. 24-25).
    keywords: climate; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; issues; justice; number; peace; volume; war; world
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        item: #160 of 208
          id: infactispax-1642
      author: Gittins, Phill
       title: World-Centred Peace Education: Toward a Framework for Socio-Eco Peace in Times of Systemic Crisis
        date: 2025
       words: 9580
      flesch: 37
     summary: At the policy level, peace education frameworks must be reimagined to explicitly integrate social and ecological concerns rather than treat them as separate domains. These domains support peace education that is holistic, inclusive, and responsive to place, time, and community.
    keywords: domain; framework; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; human; number; peace; peace education; people; practice; relationships; research; systems; volume; war; world
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        item: #161 of 208
          id: infactispax-1652
      author: Mehdi, Syed Sikander
       title: Wars, Trees and the Struggle for Peace
        date: 2025
       words: 8451
      flesch: 54
     summary: In Factis Pax Volume 19 Number 1 (2025): 160-179 https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax 160 Volume 19 Number 1 (2025): 160-179 https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax ISSN 2578-6857 Wars, Trees and the Struggle for Peace Syed Sikander Mehdi sikandermehdi2025@yahoo.com & sikander.mehdi@gmail.com People who will not sustain trees will soon live in a world that will not sustain people Bryce Nelson Abstract The historical, spiritual, environmental and humanistic properties of trees are recognized worldwide. Key Words: Violence against Trees; Peace Trees and their Stories; Climate Change; Bodhi Peace Trees; Hiroshima Peace Trees; New International Peace Movement and Trees Introduction The commonality between humans and trees is striking.
    keywords: forests; hiroshima; https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; humans; life; military; number; peace; peace trees; studies; trees; violence; volume; war; wars; world; world war
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        item: #162 of 208
          id: infactispax-1664
      author: Greer-Travis, Chitranjan
       title: Book Review Anderson, E. (2023). Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic Against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back. 
        date: 2025
       words: 845
      flesch: 49
     summary: In contrast to the current model of work ethic, Anderson advocates for a more global society founded on equality, the development of capabilities through educational opportunities, and meaningful work. The smoking gun for Anderson is neoliberalism, as well as Jeremy Bentham’s views on the panopticon and other poor relief acts, which erode work more than they fuel the economy.
    keywords: anderson; work
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        item: #163 of 208
          id: infactispax-1665
      author: Carpenter, Jalen
       title: Book Review Snauwaert, Dale T. 2023. Teaching Peace as a Matter of Justice: Toward a Pedagogy of Moral Reasoning. 
        date: 2025
       words: 1388
      flesch: 42
     summary: The components of peace studies is the tool of choice to inform the framework construction, the focus of which is noted as inquiry into the causes of violence and its consequences, methods of conflict resolution and transformation, methods of peace-building, justifications of peace on multiple levels of the human experience (Lopez, 1999, 2008; Snauwaert, 2023, p. 15). Part I focuses on defining and clarifying the varying definitions of peace and violence, the formation of normative justification (i.e., justifiable principles of justice), and the development of reasoning and judgment based in the logical structure of peace studies.
    keywords: https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax; justice; peace; studies
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        item: #164 of 208
          id: infactispax-954
      author: Richards, Howard
       title: Magnus Haavelsrud, Education in Developments, Volume 3
        date: 2022
       words: 2031
      flesch: 47
     summary: Volume 3 (Oslo: Arena, 2020)1 By Howard Richards Professor emeritus Magnus Haavelsrud, of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, has been a leading thinker in social science, peace studies and peace education for more than half a century, often working closely with Johan Galtung and Betty Reardon. The general approach of transdisciplinary analysis passes a severe test when applied to peace education in three such different contexts:
    keywords: chapter; education; haavelsrud; peace; volume
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        item: #165 of 208
          id: infactispax-955
      author: Gerstner, Nicki; Shin, Jungyoon
       title: Educating for Peace and Human Rights: An Introduction
        date: 2022
       words: 1270
      flesch: 40
     summary: The practical examples in Chapter 4 are based in the Global South: India’s People’s Watch implementing HRE nationwide through its Institute for Human Rights Education (IHRE) operating in “government-run schools” and a Bangladesh NGO, BRAC (Building Resources Across Communities) providing HRE as a “foundation for legal, advocacy, and community mobilization strategies … tailored to the realities of poor, rural women” The foundational concepts of liberatory education make the roots; while the leaves represent the outcomes that the field adopts, such as “positive peace, negative peace ...and global citizenship” (p. 96).
    keywords: education; hre; peace
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        item: #166 of 208
          id: infactispax-956
      author: Ross, Karen
       title: Aspiring to Transformation: Solidarity and Prefiguration in an Educational Social Movement Organization
        date: 2022
       words: 9893
      flesch: 44
     summary: The following year, I attended the 3rd of 4 weekend-long strategic planning sessions organized for Sadaka Reut staff and board members as a part of an ongoing strategic planning process. Volume 16 Number 1 (2022): 1-25 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 10 with Sadaka Reut staff served as a form of both preliminary analysis and member checking.
    keywords: actors; education; israel; jewish; movement; number; organization; palestinian; participants; reut; sadaka; sadaka reut; solidarity; staff; work
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        item: #167 of 208
          id: infactispax-957
      author: Gilbert Tarugarira, Gilbert; Moyo, Mbusi
       title: Creating and Developing Capacities for National Healing and Peace Building in Zimbabwe Through ‘Difficult History’
        date: 2022
       words: 7559
      flesch: 44
     summary: Unless a deliberate effort is made to incorporate peace education through the lens of ‘difficult history’, the cycles of ethnic violence characterising post-colonial Zimbabwe will continue unabated. Key words: difficult history, Gukurahundi, healing, reconciliation, Ndebele, Shona Introduction In Zimbabwe, public schooling is a government responsibility and this explains why some official curricula have been shown to encourage compliance with the dominant political status quo.
    keywords: government; gukurahundi; history; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; matabeleland; national; ndebele; number; past; peace; people; reconciliation; violence; volume; zanu; zimbabwe
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        item: #168 of 208
          id: infactispax-958
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: Death Penalty as State Crime: Examining the Physical and Mental Health Concerns with Capital Punishment in the U.S.
        date: 2022
       words: 7126
      flesch: 56
     summary: Abstract This paper begins with a review of the relevant literature on state crime. This paper begins with a review of the relevant literature on state crime.
    keywords: court; crime; death; death penalty; drugs; execution; injection; lockett; number; penalty; rights; state; u.s; volume
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        item: #169 of 208
          id: infactispax-959
      author: Benson, George
       title: Why Peace and Justice Education is Important in Places of Worship: An Introduction and Curriculum Proposal to Peace and Justice Education in Companion to the Sermon on the Moun
        date: 2022
       words: 9494
      flesch: 66
     summary: As Reardon (1989) writes in Comprehensive Peace Education: Peace as a network of humane relationships based on equity, mutuality, and the inherent worth of all persons might be interpreted as the manifestation of global justice. For learners to realize that an essential part of peace and justice education and living is to call out structures and systems of violence.
    keywords: christians; citizen; education; jesus; justice; number; peace; people; reardon; reconciliation; sermon; volume
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        item: #170 of 208
          id: infactispax-960
      author: Mushtaq, Saeed; Majeed, Mehak
       title: Aesthetic Deprivation in Perpetual Conflict
        date: 2022
       words: 3609
      flesch: 57
     summary: Instead of cherishing the meaning of life silently sung by the swaying water, the women in rural Kashmir use it more often to get rid of garbage. Given his age he is not sure if he can return to mountains but on the arrival of durable peace, he wishes that every young person in Kashmir realizes his/her innate calling from the mountains and experience the aesthetic air we are born to breathe in.
    keywords: conflict; j&k; kashmir; life; number; peace; people; region; volume
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        item: #171 of 208
          id: infactispax-961
      author: González Torres, Leonardo
       title: Contacto intergrupal y repercepción como mediadores de procesos de paz intercultural: Programa de encuentros de educación para la paz.
        date: 2023
       words: 6818
      flesch: 43
     summary: la promoción de la paz con una perspectiva multicultural o intercultural. En el campo de la educación y la construcción de paz “la paz debe construirse ecuménicamente, interculturalmente, desde un diálogo cultural en el que participen todas las vivencias y tradiciones de paz, rescatando y activando ese tesoro oculto esparcido por toda la humanidad” (Jiménez, 2016, p. 24)3. 3 Una de las críticas a la paz intercultural que se ha realizado el mencionado autor es que ésta es incompleta.
    keywords: aprendizaje; atención; capacidad; como; compasión; con; contacto; del; desde; diferentes; disminución; educación; encuentro; entre; espacios; esta; este; estos; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; intercultural; la paz; las; los; mindfulness; number; para; participantes; paz; peace; personas; por; prejuicio; procesos; promover; práctica; puede; que; relación; sobre; trabajo; una; violencia; volume
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        item: #172 of 208
          id: infactispax-963
      author: Salazar Cruces, José Félix
       title: Nuevas realidades, nuevas prácticas educativas: Esbozo de un espacio socio-reflexivo en la formación en psicología social en Venezuela
        date: 2023
       words: 11626
      flesch: 44
     summary: La filosofía y el espejo de la naturaleza. Al final del curso, el tipo de relación y de conocimiento que se establece entre los/las compañeros/as entre sí y con el docente es de bastante cercanía.
    keywords: antillano; aspectos; así; cada; clase; como; con; con el; con la; cuestionario; cómo; de la; de los; del; dentro; desde; docente; education; ello; en el; en la; en los; entre; era; eso; espacio; esta; este; esto; estudiantes; experiencia; formación; formas; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; investigación; las; lo que; los; muchos; mundo; más; nos; number; otros; para; para la; paz; peace; pero; por; porque; proceso; propia; prácticas; psicología; puede; punto; que; que el; que se; qué; realidades; reflexivo; relación; sea; ser; sin; sobre; social; sociales; socio; sus; todo; una; venezuela; vida; violencia; volume; y el; y la; zubillaga
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        item: #173 of 208
          id: infactispax-964
      author: Bajaj, Monisha
       title: Avengers of the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution
        date: 2023
       words: 971
      flesch: 48
     summary: This book details the relevance of the Haitian Revolution for the field of human rights through detailed analyses of the economic, social, political, historical, and cultural realities of the colony of Saint Domingue (1697-1804) and later, the independent nation of Haiti. From the perspective of the book’s utility for students and scholars of human rights, the weakness of this work lies in its failure, aside from in the brief epilogue, to connect Haiti’s present-day reality to the rich narrative of its history of struggle and resistance.
    keywords: haitian; revolution; rights
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        item: #174 of 208
          id: infactispax-965
      author: Huse, Heidi
       title: Words Matter: Exposing the Camouflaged Violence of Hunting Rhetoric 
        date: 2023
       words: 11075
      flesch: 51
     summary: Rather than seriously question hunting violence, if hunting is made public at all, defenders of hunting have the last word, consistently presenting the sport as a time-honored pastime that only reflects the best of noble character and human stamina against unpredictable nature. On a Web page entitled, “Ministry to Hunters,” Founder Tom C. Rakow writes that one “primary objective of the Christian Deer Hunters Association is to reveal and encourage a Biblical World View approach to deer hunting,” imbuing hunting with a godly virtue, which he then contrasts with the more pagan, idolatrous, and non-Christian worldview that condemns hunting and values animal life as sacred.27 Scully found a similar theology in his visit to the SCI convention.
    keywords: animals; bear; christian; conservation; god; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; human; hunters; hunting; language; life; nature; number; scully; violence; volume; welch; wildlife; words
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        item: #175 of 208
          id: infactispax-966
      author: Jacobson, Anya
       title: Nonviolence as a Way of Knowing in the Public School Classroom
        date: 2023
       words: 4452
      flesch: 55
     summary: Johan Galtung describes violence as “avoidable insult to human needs,” and distinguishes between what he termed ‘structural violence’ (“exploitation built into a social system” such as poverty) from direct violence (such as war).11 For Ivan Illich, violence is a compromise to diversity and racism, marginalization, and essentialism are considered violent.12 Michael Nagler writes, “dehumanization is the beginning of all violence.”13 Peace education is a growing field, and most commonly means either adding content relating to peace—peace movements, nonviolent leaders etc. to the curriculum2 or conflict resolution skills, peer mediation, and communication skills.3 Both of these are valuable additions to every child’s education and every teacher’s training.
    keywords: knowledge; number; peace; truth; violence; war
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        item: #176 of 208
          id: infactispax-967
      author: Lehner, Daniela
       title: Pluriversal and Relational Pedagogies for Peace(s)
        date: 2023
       words: 5740
      flesch: 53
     summary: Also, within peace education we have to listen to the voices of marginalized communities (Shirazi, 2011). At the same time, it is crucial for peace education to dismantle structures of colonialization and Enlightenment’s moralistic and normative values that has also shaped the philosophical grounding of peace education (Zembylas, 2018, p. 2–4).
    keywords: education; escobar; modernity; need; new; number; peace; press; volume; world
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        item: #177 of 208
          id: infactispax-968
      author: Bryzzheva, Lyudmila
       title: Exploring Our Perceptual Limitation
        date: 2023
       words: 6395
      flesch: 59
     summary: Peaceful relationships are the ones that celebrate human dignity and life and, since I hold human dignity to be one of the most valuable human3 possessions, I also believe that a condition that jeopardizes human dignity (both one’s own and that of another) ought to be treated or addressed in other ways which will be revealed in subsequent sections of this paper. This work is prompted by a growing belief that perceptual limitation may negatively affect our peaceful relationships with people.
    keywords: dignity; factis; factis pax; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; human; limitation; pax; people; person; ways
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        item: #178 of 208
          id: infactispax-969
      author: Wilson, Melodie; Daniel, Yvette
       title: The Preparation of Pre-Service Teachers for a Culture of Dignity and Peace
        date: 2023
       words: 9077
      flesch: 46
     summary: Understanding peace education means coming to terms with its participatory, holistic and ongoing nature. Peace education is built on a philosophy that teaches nonviolence, compassion, equity, love, trust, cooperation, and respect for humanity and all life on our planet.2 Certainly, the issues of violence and the need for peace are not new ideas.
    keywords: change; conflict; education; factis; factis pax; pax; peace; peace education; pedagogy; schools; social; teacher; theory; violence
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        item: #179 of 208
          id: infactispax-970
      author: Brantmeier, Edward
       title: Connecting Inner and Outer Peace: Buddhist Meditation Integrated with Peace Education
        date: 2023
       words: 8924
      flesch: 51
     summary: This is a specific reference to meditation practice in the Gelupta order, one of several orders in Tibetan Buddhism. These practices are not so far removed from meditation practices.
    keywords: buddhist; education; factis; factis pax; http://www.infactispax.org/journal/; meditation; mind; pax; peace; peace education; practice; violence; world
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        item: #180 of 208
          id: infactispax-971
      author: Snauwaert, Dale; Reardon, Betty
       title: Dialogue on Peace as the Presence of Justice: Ethical Reasoning as an Essential Learning Goal of Peace Education -- An Invitation to Peace Educators from Dale Snauwaert and Betty Reardon
        date: 2022
       words: 10431
      flesch: 50
     summary: They might also be drawn from media accounts of un-remedied harms or disputed human rights claims. As you suggest, the claims and obligations of justice, which form the ethical core of peace education, can be expressed in the language of rights and duties, and therefore, peace educators have a moral duty to provide the opportunity for human rights learning and a learning environment consistent with justice.
    keywords: education; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; issn; justice; learning; number; peace; press; reasoning; rights; society; university; volume
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        item: #181 of 208
          id: infactispax-972
      author: Finley, Laura; Esposito, Luigi
       title: Educators as Bogeyman: Exploring the Attacks on Public Education in the 2020s and Offering Recommendations for a More Peaceful K-12 Educational Climate
        date: 2022
       words: 8730
      flesch: 49
     summary: In 1934, for example, state legislator Irving Ives sponsored a bill that required public school teachers to sign a “loyalty oath” as a defense against communism and other ‘isms’” that were oppositional to the American government, capitalism, and way of life (Ekrich, 1967, p. 357). Additionally, no public school district, public charter school, or public virtual charter school teacher, administrator, counselor, employee, or volunteer shall use any curricula with content related to social emotional learning in the training, instruction, or education of students, with the bill specifying that it applies to all learning resources.
    keywords: american; anti; bill; crt; education; educators; florida; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; issn; new; number; parents; public; racism; school; states; teachers; teaching; volume
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        item: #182 of 208
          id: infactispax-973
      author: John, Gasasira; Gachihi, Margaret; Amatsimbi, Herbert; Ruvebana, Etienne
       title: Resolving Interpersonal Conflicts through Accessible Justice in Rwanda: The Contribution of Access to Justice Bureaus
        date: 2022
       words: 10569
      flesch: 58
     summary: As illustrated in Figure 1, Access to Justice Bureaus were created to dispense free legal remedies through four different functions: conflict mediation, legal counsel and representation, legal awareness, and enforcement of the court decisions. Strengthening the rule of law through accessible justice The respondents explained that Access to justice Bureaus helped in ensuring that people were treated equally and in accordance with the law.
    keywords: access; bureaus; conflict; court; genocide; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; issn; justice; justice bureaus; law; mediation; number; peace; people; rule; rwanda; violence; volume
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        item: #183 of 208
          id: infactispax-974
      author: Hazelton, Matthew
       title: Souls not Skin: An Examination of War and Peace Education in the context of W.E.B Dubois’ The Souls of Black Folk
        date: 2022
       words: 5060
      flesch: 60
     summary: Matthew Hazelton University of Toledo The primary purpose of this paper is broadly to discuss the normative foundations of peace education in the context of war and peace. While this is the primary purpose of the paper, I will also centrally utilize the narrative lens of W.E.B DuBois as exhibited in his seminal 1903 work The Souls of Black Folks throughout as a contextual framework for the theoretical conversations seen throughout the field of peace education.
    keywords: dubois; education; injustice; justice; peace; peace education; snauwaert; souls; war
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        item: #184 of 208
          id: infactispax-975
      author: Wegert, Jessica
       title: The Heart of Justice: Peace’s Process as the Essence of Liberating Choice, Moral Systems, and Consciousness
        date: 2022
       words: 5594
      flesch: 47
     summary: Peace as process: personal peace as the point of departure If peace is to be practiced and collective resistance is to gain strength, then these methods are also to be taught and learned. Peace is a fundamental component of basic human rights, and evidence of peace is evidence of justice.
    keywords: choice; core; fear; justice; methods; peace; process; realities
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        item: #185 of 208
          id: infactispax-976
      author: Greer-Travis, Chitranjan
       title: People Over Profit: Rejecting Corporate Egoism
        date: 2021
       words: 5720
      flesch: 62
     summary: A change must also occur through environmental education. Environmental education should be a strong part of the curriculum in K-12 schools, especially in marginalized communities.
    keywords: city; democracy; detroit; education; nature; number; people; rand; shiva; work
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        item: #186 of 208
          id: infactispax-977
      author: Yazdani, Hafiza; Devere, Heather
       title: Gender and Peace Education in Afghanistan
        date: 2021
       words: 5630
      flesch: 54
     summary: Peace education aims not only at negative peace, or the absence of war, but also at positive peace, to address direct, structural and cultural violence, and to empower students with a peaceful consciousness that condemns discrimination by respecting all human beings equally (Galtung 1990; Grewal 2003; Bajaj and Chiu 2009; Kester 2010; Reardon1988). Recognition of gender and gender equality is a core aspect of peace education (Harris and Morrison 2013; Standish 2016; Webel and Galtung 2007).
    keywords: afghanistan; content; education; gender; girls; number; peace; peace education; school; textbooks; volume; women
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        item: #187 of 208
          id: infactispax-978
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Democratic Consumption
        date: 2021
       words: 8251
      flesch: 46
     summary: This think piece explores the idea of democratic consumption. Five ideas were associated with democratic consumption with nominal agreement on how and in what direction: common good, economic freedom and capitalism, welfare state, ethical consumption, and diverse consumer interest.
    keywords: capitalism; consumer; consumerism; consumption; democracy; freedom; good; number; people; principles; rights; state; volume; welfare
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        item: #188 of 208
          id: infactispax-979
      author: Wright, Jocelyn
       title: Peacebuilding in language education: Innovations in theory and practice
        date: 2021
       words: 1967
      flesch: 36
     summary: They then share advice and recommend classroom materials, ways of structuring interactive activities, and strategies for integrating and reinforcing peace language and skills. After featuring the triumphant story of an individual’s ‘pathway of positive peace’ (p. 208), she cites work by notable supporters of love.
    keywords: chapter; education; language; peace; peacebuilding; volume
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        item: #189 of 208
          id: infactispax-980
      author: Meng, Vanessa
       title: Local Worldmaking Through Little Dragons for a Better World: A Case Study of a Intercultural Community Building Project
        date: 2023
       words: 4636
      flesch: 59
     summary: Most of the time CA-ACs are understood as those who put their head down and work on their lives 過自己的小日子 (a common saying amongst Chinese communities). Little Dragons of a Better World has a similar mission, centering Chinese American and American Volume 17 Number 1 (2023): 62-75 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 64 Chinese families (CA-AC) living in the Swarthmore Wallingford areas in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.
    keywords: american; asian; chinese; community; education; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; number; time; volume; world
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        item: #190 of 208
          id: infactispax-981
      author: Li, Zhen
       title: Fighting Against Climate Change to Build Positive Peace: Proposal of an Intersectional Panel on Environmental Peacebuilding in Sudan
        date: 2023
       words: 5736
      flesch: 46
     summary: This model shows us that within 34 middle-low-income countries, when holding the CO2 emission constant, one MWh increase in renewable energy consumption per capital in the previous year predicts an increase of 114 in the number of deaths in conflict and terrorism within those countries in the current year. Lagged renewable energy consumption per capital 114.22 (341.30)
    keywords: change; climate; energy; number; panel; peace; peacebuilding; resources; sudan; tribes
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        item: #191 of 208
          id: infactispax-982
      author: Kim, HyoYoung; Knox Steiner, Stephanie Marie
       title: Community Dreamwork as Intercultural Peacelearning
        date: 2023
       words: 6450
      flesch: 52
     summary: Dreams are a form of knowledge and understanding, and dreamwork is a process of meaning-making from the images, scenarios, and feelings that arise in dream states. All humans (and more-than-humans that we are aware of) experience dream states.
    keywords: breath; community; dreams; dreamwork; education; iipe; learning; number; peace; pedagogy; volume
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        item: #192 of 208
          id: infactispax-983
      author: Finley, Laura; Esposito, Luigi
       title: Antifa as Bogeyman
        date: 2020
       words: 6070
      flesch: 49
     summary: Currently, Antifa groups in The United States and elsewhere are committed to actively opposing—both through non-violent and direct action tactics—any individual, group, or organization that, in one way or another, promotes racism, sexism, xenophobia, homophobia and other systems of oppression. In fact, when Antifa groups in the United States organized to prevent white nationalist Richard Spencer, or controversial right wing provocateurs like Anne Coulter and Milo Yiannopoulos from speaking on college campuses, they were denounced by many as politically correct fanatics carrying out the modern equivalent of book burnings.
    keywords: antifa; fascist; groups; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; number; people; police; protests; right; states; trump; united; violence; volume
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        item: #193 of 208
          id: infactispax-984
      author: Yazdani, Hafiza
       title: History of Formal Education and Influence of Politics in Afghanistan
        date: 2020
       words: 7314
      flesch: 48
     summary: The new Afghanistan Education laws and new school curricula comprised peace education in general, respecting the Islamic religion, promoting human rights, commitment to national unity, conveying knowledge towards being peaceful individuals for an ideal social life, training to be responsible citizens, strengthening student creativity, and promoting a culture of peace, all of which support the purposes of peace education (Husham 2015; Robiolle-Moul 2016; Amiri 2016). Zahir Shah remained in power for forty years and his government worked for education development gradually and systematically (Husham2015; Kamgar 2002; Baiza 2015).
    keywords: afghanistan; baiza; country; development; education; girls; government; khan; number; school; students; system; women
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        item: #194 of 208
          id: infactispax-985
      author: McGregor, Sue
       title: Consumer Moral Leadership
        date: 2020
       words: 7774
      flesch: 50
     summary: Sue L. T. McGregor Abstract Despite conceptualizations of moral leadership, the literature is silent on consumer moral leadership proposed herein as a new intellectual construct. Keywords: consumer moral leadership, moral leadership, morality, moral efficacy, ethical and moral consumerism Introduction The problem addressed in this paper is the need for consumer leadership in the marketplace to augment the fallout of consumerism perpetuated by consumer management.
    keywords: construct; consumer; consumerism; ethics; leadership; marketplace; mcgregor; new; number; paper; people; self; volume
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        item: #195 of 208
          id: infactispax-986
      author: Moon, Jeongmin; Lim, Euna
       title: Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding under the auspices of UNESCO
        date: 2020
       words: 955
      flesch: 44
     summary: Subsequently, Young-Gyung Paik suggests that global citizens should look away from the confrontational view of human rights and prevention but instead look at it as a common good. Cheol-Sung Son investigates various ethical ideas and stresses that “solidarity and cooperation are the moral obligations of global citizens (p. 225).
    keywords: book; citizens; pandemic
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        item: #196 of 208
          id: infactispax-987
      author: Abura, Mary
       title: Protecting Human Rights and Building Peace in Post-Violence Societies (Human Rights Law in Perspective)
        date: 2020
       words: 1238
      flesch: 39
     summary: This book is a concise compilation of how human rights relates to peace building in post-violence societies and peace education. Hadjigeorgiou’s contribution to the body of knowledge has been to engage human rights and peacebuilding in post-violence societies in an interdisciplinary analysis exploring the potential and limitations of human rights.
    keywords: hadjigeorgiou; peace; rights
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        item: #197 of 208
          id: infactispax-988
      author: Yazdani, Hafiza
       title: Peace Education in Afghanistan: A Comparative Study of Conflict and Post-Conflict School Textbooks
        date: 2020
       words: 10222
      flesch: 50
     summary: Divergence on peace education content One of the curious aspects of peace education is the wide variety of content. The PECA framework identifies peace education elements, values and context that are consistent with the literature on peace education.
    keywords: afghanistan; conflict; content; curriculum; dari; education; language; number; peace; peace education; references; school; textbook; violence; volume
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        item: #198 of 208
          id: infactispax-989
      author: O'Neill, Maggie
       title: Problematizing the Peace Discourse in World’s Largest Lesson: A Critical Exploration of Knowledge Production Through Discussions of Violence
        date: 2020
       words: 9299
      flesch: 45
     summary: Some peace educators have described the need for a more critical version of peace education and refer to it as critical peace education. Abstract: There is no single concept of peace in peace education.
    keywords: discourse; education; feminist; forms; lesson; peace; peace education; power; violence; world
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        item: #199 of 208
          id: infactispax-990
      author: Pistolato, Francesco
       title: Transforming Ourselves First: The Need of a Paradigm Shift in Peace Research and Peace Education
        date: 2020
       words: 3688
      flesch: 58
     summary: GCI conducts groundbreaking research on the interconnection between humanity and Earth’s magnetic fields and energetic systems.11” The alternative in the 19th century was between a “positivistic explanation of nature” and a “Christian Creator-God and world ruler”.
    keywords: consciousness; energy; fields; force; matter; number; peace; world
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        item: #200 of 208
          id: infactispax-991
      author: Finley, Laura
       title: The Criminology and Peacemaking Possibilities of The Purge Film and TV Series
        date: 2020
       words: 10291
      flesch: 70
     summary: Common in crime films and television is a “good defeats bad” narrative structure which features a “psychotic super-male offender” (Welsh, Fleming & Dowler, 2011, p. 461). Welsh, Fleming and Dowler (2011) noted a category of crime films that depict the flaws in the justice system, referring to them as “David and Goliath” films.
    keywords: crime; episode; film; group; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; justice; leo; nffa; number; peace; people; purge; purgers; season; series; violence; volume; year
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        item: #201 of 208
          id: infactispax-992
      author: Bryant, Shawn; Taylor, Noah
       title: Some Reflections on Elicitive Approaches to Peace Studies in Higher Education
        date: 2020
       words: 5835
      flesch: 43
     summary: Elicitive peace education requires skill sets and capacities that are usually outside the requirements used for faculty selection, evaluation, and training. State of the art of elicitive approaches within peace education In order to outline the state of the art of elicitive approaches to education in peace studies, it must be positioned both within and in response to the larger context of the state of the art of peace education.
    keywords: approaches; conflict; education; elicitive; facilitator; institutions; peace; peace education; peace studies; program; studies; transformation
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        item: #202 of 208
          id: infactispax-993
      author: Bilagher, Moritz
       title: Towards an Agreement on Learning Outcomes For Peace Education
        date: 2019
       words: 8678
      flesch: 51
     summary: As the greatest threat to human equivalence is the idea that one (group) identity is of greater worth than another, in peace education peace is, primarily, inter- group peace. As both the value of educational assessment for educational development and peace education for social development are increasingly recognised, it is of concern that peace education has as of yet no widely accepted assessment methodology.
    keywords: assessment; evaluation; example; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; knowledge; learning; number; outcomes; peace; peace education; process; skills; volume
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        item: #203 of 208
          id: infactispax-994
      author: Močnik, Nena
       title: How (Long) To Mourn The Pedagogical Implications of Imposed Remembrance Practices: Two Cases from Bosnia–Herzegovina
        date: 2019
       words: 10957
      flesch: 53
     summary: How and what do we expect young post-war generations to remember and commemorate? And where is place of post-war generations in this battle?
    keywords: education; history; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; memory; mostar; new; number; past; people; post; remembrance; srebrenica; students; survivors; volume; war
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        item: #204 of 208
          id: infactispax-995
      author: Finley, Laura; Johnson, Matthew
       title: Sexual Misconduct, Callout Culture and the Possibility of Redemption
        date: 2019
       words: 6659
      flesch: 51
     summary: When sexual assault victims speak out, their institutions often betray them. Additionally, more evaluation of restorative programs for sexual misconduct cases is needed.
    keywords: allegations; assault; cases; culture; http://www.infactispax.org/journal; july; justice; misconduct; number; rape; restorative; victims; volume; weinstein; women
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        item: #205 of 208
          id: infactispax-996
      author: Badal, Adhik
       title: Why Civil Resistance Fails: The Saffron Uprising in Myanmar, 2007
        date: 2019
       words: 8558
      flesch: 50
     summary: This event created the ‘paradox of repression’ -- the use of force by actors to repress their opponents engaged in nonviolent movements often backfires (Chenoweth, 2018, p. 49; Smithey & Kurtz, 2018, p. 2). This result is also in line with Stephen and Chenoweth’s (2011) assertion that domestic mechanisms are more critical components of success in nonviolent movements.
    keywords: ackerman; burma; campaign; forces; kruegler; leaders; monks; movement; myanmar; nonviolent; number; regime; saffron; security; support
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        item: #206 of 208
          id: infactispax-997
      author: Ruane, Jack
       title: Capabilities and Conflict: An Examination of Colombia’s Educational Revolution and its Role in Peacebuilding
        date: 2019
       words: 4920
      flesch: 47
     summary: The strategy for expansion was largely two pronged: Deregulation of the private sector in order to increase choice and competition and make university education for those who had previously been unable to afford it, and expansion of the state funded vocational institution of SENA, particularly in rural areas. Between 1990 and 2017, including the Educational Revolution in higher education access from 2000 onwards, Colombia’s HDI increased by 26.2%.
    keywords: access; capabilities; colombia; conflict; development; education; number; universities; university
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        item: #207 of 208
          id: infactispax-998
      author: Sweeney, Loughlin
       title: Research Methods for Social Justice and Equity in Education
        date: 2019
       words: 1569
      flesch: 35
     summary: Finally, there is a focus on practical research methods, ‘to challenge inequality and work towards social justice and equity’ (15). This is not to deny that an in-depth study of UK further education is useful and worthwhile, but considering the framing of this book as both a discussion of theories of social justice and a guide to research methods, a greater diversity of case studies would have strengthened its conclusions.
    keywords: book; justice; research; social
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        item: #208 of 208
          id: infactispax-999
      author: McInerney, William
       title: Engaging men and boys in violence prevention
        date: 2019
       words: 1620
      flesch: 33
     summary: In the introduction of Engaging men and boys in violence prevention, Flood emphasizes the value of a cautious and balanced view of men’s violence prevention; bringing both a hopeful and critical orientation to the work of engaging men. Microsoft Word - William McInerney Book Review for In Factis Pax 01 11 19.docx Volume 13 Number 2 (2019): 176-179 http://www.infactispax.org/journal 176 Volume 13 Number 2 (2019): 176-179 ISSN 2578-6857 http://www.infactispax.org/journal Book Review Review of Engaging men and boys in violence prevention.
    keywords: flood; men; prevention; violence
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