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Indian Journal of Finance and Banking; Vol. 4, No. 1; 2020 
                                       ISSN 2574-6081   E-ISSN 2574-609X 

Published by Centre for Research on Islamic Banking & Finance and Business, USA 

 

 
42 

                      

A Study of Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets of Select Public Sector 
Banks in India for the Period 2007-2008 to 2017-2018 

 
 

Abhay Korde PhD 
Advocate 

High Court Bombay 
Mumbai, India 

& 
Alumni, JBIMS, Mumbai, India 

E-mail: abhaykorde14@jbims.edu 
 

Kavita Laghate PhD 
Professor & Director 

Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies 
University of Mumbai 

Mumbai, India 
E-mail: kavitalaghate@jbims.edu 

 
Abstract 
The Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) are considered as one of the important parameters for anlysing the health of the 
Indian Banks.  The Authors have taken a look at the Literature Reviews related to the non-performing assets related studies 
looked into by other Research Scholars.  The authors in this research study has made an attempt to study the secondary 
data related to Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of select Banks in India, which is available in the public 
domain of the regulators of Indian Banks i.e. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from April 2007 to March 2018 and has 
performed the ABC analysis as per cumulative (decreasing method) to study the performance and the management and 
governance of those Banks.  Finally, the authors conclude that some of the select Indian Banks taken for study appear in the 
various Groups formulated for study i.e. Group A (Poor Performance), Group B (Satisfactory Performance) and Group C 
(Good Performance) are thus a matter of great concern to the economy of the country. 

 
1. Introduction 
The entire world has accepted that the country is galloping towards being the third largest economy of the world in the near 
future and therefore, the financial and banking system or sector in India is required to play an important role to shape up its 
economy. The main business of the banking system is to cater to the financial needs of the business and individuals, but 
now it has also been vested with the responsibility to support other activities like the Insurance and supporting various 
schemes announced by the government from time to time. The Banks are required not only to safeguard the deposits of the 
Customers but also required to ensure that the loans or advances given are not defrauded by the business community or 
certain individuals for their own vested interest, as it has been observed in the recent past. Therefore, to arrive at the 
strength of the banking system in India the Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) are considered as one of the important 
parameter for analysis.  A sound banking and financial system is therefore, needs now. 
 
2. Literature Review 

 The objective of study of Sanjeev (2007) was to identify critical factors, which were responsible for the loans of the banks to 
go bad in the Indian commercial banking system.  The Methodology adopted for the study was mainly related to primary 
data collected from credit managers of banks operating in India.  Their study revealed that the external factors have a higher 
influence compared to the internal factors, which was also very surprising. The   Economic downturn and willful default 
have been found to be most critical factor.  Also the poor credit scoring skill of managers, absence of suitable administrative 
penalties and target completion have been found to have a significant influence amongst factors related with the loan 
appraisal mechanism of the banks.  The seizure and disposal of collateral have found to be the toughest challenges amongst 
the factors related with the loan monitoring and controlling mechanism.  The level of loan manager’s motivation,, 
manpower, skill to appraise collateral, effort to reduce costs, government and political intervention and soft budget 
constraints have been found to have a lower influence.  

   However, the objective of study of Khushpatand & Rahul (2012) was to analyze the trends in Non-Performing Assets 
(NPAs) in the Indian Banking Sector from 2004-2011, to assess the contributing factors to the NPA in the Indian Banking 
Sector and to suggest measures to halt and curtail the rising burden of NPAs.  They mainly dealt with the rising burden of 
NPAs in Indian financial system and their likely impact and measures to minimize such adverse impact on the Indian 

  
Keywords:    Assets, Banks, Governance, Gross, Indian, Loans, Management, Net, Performance. .      



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banking system in particular and Indian economy in general.  They were also of the view that the factor contributing to the 
rising NPAs is the upward shift in interest rates due to the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) tight monetary policy for 
controlling inflation. The increased interest rate (floating interest) has increased the repayment burden of borrowers which 
is compelling them to default their interest payments and repayments.  The authors concluded  that the banks  should focus 
on recovery of existing loans and be more circumspect in their credit appraisal, rescheduling of large corporate loans as 
rising interest cost and falling sales revenue may result in widespread defaults of corporate loans, phasing out of priority 
sector loans to 10% of the total loans so as to reduce the burden of NPAs in priority sector, making priority sector loans 
need-based rather than target based which results in poor credit appraisal and loan default. The authors arrived at a 
conclusion that the major contributor to the NPAs in banking sector was agricultural sector.  NPAs in non-priority sectors 
are likely to increase due to decelerating trends in major sectors like manufacturing and infrastructure and slowing down of 
economy during 2012.  

 
3. Definitions 
3.I Non-Performing Assets (NPA) or Non-Performing Loans (NPL)   
The non-performing assets or loans in the books of the Banks are the loan that has been defaulted by the borrower. As per 
the regulators of Banks in India the loan becomes non-performing it is in default for 90 days.   
 
3.2 Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA) or Gross Non-Performing Loans (GNPL) 
 It is the total number of Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Banks added together. 
 
3.3 Net Non-Performing Assets (NNPA) or Net Non-Performing Loans (NNPL)  
Net Non-Performing Assets or NNPL is the total of actual bad assets minus the provision left aside. The Indian Banks 
Regulator defines Net NPA or NPL  as Net NPA or NPL = Gross NPA or NPL – (Balance in Interest Suspense Account 
+ Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC)/Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC) 
claims received and held pending adjustment + Part payment received and kept in suspense account + Total provisions 
held. 
 
4. Objective of Research Study 

 To study  and analyze  Select Indian Bank’s  Gross Non-Performing Assets or  Loans and Net Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans from April  2007 to March 2018. 

 To do comparative analysis of the Select Indian Bank’s Gross Non-Performing Assets or  Loans and Net Non-
Performing Assets or Loans from April 2007 to March 2018. 

 To analyse the management and governance or performance of directing and controlling of the Select Indian 
Bank’s from April 2007 to March 2018. 

 
5.  Methodology Adopted For Research 
Banking sector is analysed using secondary data available from Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Money Control websites.   
It is an Analytical Research. The data was collected for the period of April 2007 to March 2018 i.e. 2007-2008 to 2017-
2018. Assuming that the figures are given by the apex body of the banking sector, i.e. Reserve Bank of India and therefore, 
ABC analysis is attempted on that. 
 
6.  Analysis of Data  
6.1 The defaulted loans of the Select Indian Bank’s from April 2007 to March 2018 were done according to the increasing 
method as given in Appendix A and respectively.  
 
6.2 The Group ranking of the select Indian Bank’s Defaulted Loans from April 2007 to March 2018 was as per the results 
arrived from the ABC Analysis method as given in Appendix A, B and C, D respectively. 
 
Table 1.  Ranking of Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the select Indian Banks from April 2007 to March 2018 
 (Bank with Highest Gross Non-Performing Loans is Rated I). 
 

Name of the 
Select Indian 
Banks 

2007-
2008 

2008-
2009 

2009-
2010 

2010-
2011 

2011-
2012 

2012-
2013 

2013-
2014 

2014-
2015 

2015-
2016 

2016-
2017 

2017-
2018 

State Bank of 
India 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

Punjab 
National 
Bank 

2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 



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Central Bank 
of India 

3 4 7 11 3 4 5 9 9 9 9 

Bank of 
Baroda 

4 8 8 5 7 5 3 4 4 5 4 

Bank of India 5 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 

Syndicate 
Bank 

6 9 10 10 12 15 16 15 14 14 14 

Union Bank 
of India 

7 7 5 4 5 9 7 7 8 8 6 

UCO Bank 8 10 11 6 8 6 12 10 10 11 10 

IDBI Bank 9 11 9 9 6 8 6 8 7 4 5 

Oriental 
Bank of 
Commerce 

10 13 12 12 11 12 14 21 12 10 13 

Canara Bank 11 5 6 8 9 10 10 6 5 7 7 

Allahabad 
Bank 

12 12 14 13 14 11 9 11 11 12 12 

Indian 
Overseas 
Bank 

13 6 3 7 10 7 8 5 6 6 8 

Bank of 
Maharashtra 

14 15 15 16 18 21 18 16 16 15 16 

United Bank 
of India 

15 14 13 14 13 16 11 14 17 18 17 

Corporation 
Bank 

16 18 17 19 19 17 15 12 13 16 15 

Dena Bank 17 17 18 18 20 20 19 18 19 17 18 

Vijaya Bank 18 16 16 15 17 19 21 20 20 20 21 

Indian Bank 19 19 19 20 15 14 17 17 18 19 19 

Andhra Bank 20 20 20 17 16 13 13 13 15 13 11 

Punjab and  
Sind Bank 

21 21 21 21 21 18 20 19 21 21 20 

 

 
 

Figure 1. Ranking of Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the select Indian Banks from April 2007 to May 2018 
 
Table 2. Ranking of Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the select Indian Banks from April 2007 to March 2018 
(Bank with Highest Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans is Rated I). 
 

    Name of 
the Bank 

2007-
2008 

2008-
2009 

2009-
2010 

2010-
2011 

2011-
2012 

2012-
2013 

2013-
2014 

2014-
2015 

2015-
2016 

2016-
2017 

2017-
2018 

State Bank 
of India 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

0
5

10
15
20
25

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2007-
2008
2008-
2009
2009-
2010
2010-
2011

(Bank wise  

GNPAs or  

GNPLs) 



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45 

             

UCO Bank 2 6 7 5 9 8 13 9 10 14 11 

IDBI Bank 3 5 5 7 7 11 10 10 7 4 3 

Central Bank 
of India 

4 3 11 11 2 5 4 8 9 9 9 

Canara Bank 5 2 4 2 5 4 6 5 4 5 4 

Punjab 
National 
Bank 

6 17 6 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 

Syndicate 
Bank 

7 7 9 9 13 17 17 16 14 15 13 

Bank of 
India 

8 8 2 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 5 

Oriental 
Bank of 
Commerce 

9 11 12 10 8 12 12 12 12 10 10 

Bank of 
Baroda 

10 10 14 12 11 6 5 6 5 8 7 

Allahabad 
Bank 

11 12 16 15 14 7 7 11 11 11 15 

Indian 
Overseas 
Bank 

12 4 3 8 10 9 8 4 6 6 8 

United Bank 
of India 

13 9 10 13 15 16 11 15 16 18 16 

Bank of 
Maharashtra 

14 16 13 16 21 21 20 14 15 13 17 

Dena Bank 15 14 17 17 19 19 19 19 19 17 18 

Vijaya Bank 16 15 15 14 16 20 21 21 20 21 20 

Union Bank 
of India 

17 13 8 6 6 10 9 7 8 7 6 

Corporation 
Bank 

18 18 18 18 17 16 15 13 13 12 12 

Indian Bank 19 19 19 19 12 14 16 18 18 19 19 

Punjab and  
Sind Bank 

20 21 20 21 20 18 18 20 21 20 21 

Andhra Bank 21 20 21 20 18 13 14 17 17 16 14 

 

 
 

Figure 2.  Ranking of Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the select Indian Banks from April 2007 to March 2018 
 
6.3 Select Indian Banks – Gross and   Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans –Analysis 
For the purpose of analyzing the select Indian Banks,   and deciding the management performance and governance, it was 
decided to have ABC Analysis of three groups from the cumulative (decreasing method) Gross & Net NPAs or NPLs of the 
select Indian Banks. 
Group A – 1 - 70 – Poor management and governance or performance of directing and controlling. 

0
5

10
15
20
25

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2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016

(Bank wise  
NNPA or NNPL) 

with Highest NPA 
 is Rated 1) 



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46 

             

Group – B - 71-   90 – Satisfactory management and governance or performance of directing and controlling. 
Group – C - 91 – 100 - Good management and governance or performance of directing and controlling. 
 
6.3.1 Group – A  
State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India and Central Bank of India  were in Group A  i.e. 1-70%  (Poor 
performance) most the years in Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans  and Net Non-Performing Assets or  Loans from 
April 2007 to March  2018.  An analysis of this four   Bank’s movement is studied and it is observed as below: 
 
6.3.1.1 State Bank of India  
From August 2008 to April 2017, along with its seven subsidiary banks and Bhartiya Mahila Bank were merged into State 
Bank of India. However, it can be observed from Appendix A and B that there was not much impact on the Non-
Performing Assets or Loans during that period.   
 
Table 3. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or  Loans  as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                     Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Loans Net Non-Performing Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-18 1123430 1603037 90238 401954 2234275 582774 1108547 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
            Table 4. Details of Chairman of State Bank of India from April 2007 to March 2018 

 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Shri O.P.Bhatt July 2006 March 2011 

2. Shri Pratip Chaudhari April 2011 September 2013 

3. Smt. Arundhati Bhattacharya October 2013 October 2017 

4. Shri Rajnish Kumar October 2017 Till Date 

 
It can be observed from table 3 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i.e. 

March 2017 was Rs.1123430 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs.1603037 Million were added.  
During the year Bank had reduced Rs.90238 Million and written off Rs.401954 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.2234275 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.582774 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at 
Rs.1108547 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank topped in 
Group A, during the entire period. 
 
6.3.1.2 Punjab National Bank  
It is interesting to note that there were no other Banks merged into Punjab National Bank from April 2007 to March 2018.  
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were amongst the top two for the study period i.e. April 
2007 to March  2018 as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   
 
Table 5.  Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or  Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-18 553705 442743 56175 74072 866201 327021 486843 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
 
 



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Table 6. Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer–Punjab National Bank 
from April  2007 to March 2018 

 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Dr. K.C.Chakravarty 2007 June 2009 

2. Mr. K.R.Kamath October 2009 October 2014 

3. Mr. Gauri Shankar, Executive Director 
(Acting Chairman and Managing Director) 

February 2015 August 2015 

4. Mrs. Usha Ananthasubramanian August 2015 May 2017 

5. Mr. Sunil Mehta May 2017 September 2019 

 
It can be observed from table 5 that the Gross Non-Performing Loans during the previous year ending i.e. March 2017 

was Rs.553705 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs.442743 Million were added.  During the year 
the Bank had reduced Rs.56175 Million and written off Rs.74072 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans 
of the Bank stood at the end of April 2018 to Rs.866201 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans 
during the previous year ending was Rs.327021 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at Rs.486843 
Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly in Group A. 
 
6.3.1.3 Bank of India  
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or  Loans of the Bank were amongst the top three for the study period i.e. 
April 2007 to March 2018 as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   
 
Table 7. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

520445 255805 62518 90448 623285 253050 282073 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
   Table 8.  Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 

Bank of India   from April 2007 to March 2018 
 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Mr. Alok K. Misra August 2003 September 2012 

2. Mrs. V.R.Iyer November 2012 May 2015 

3. Mr. Melwyn Rego February 2015 August 2015 

4. Mrs. Usha Ananthasubramanian August 2015 May 2017 

5. Mr. Dinabandhu Mohapatra May 2017 June 2019 

 
It can be observed from table 7 that the Gross Non-Performing Loans during the previous year ending i.e. March 2017 

was Rs.520445 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs.255805 Million were added.  During the year 
the Bank had reduced Rs.62518 Million and written off Rs.90448 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans 
of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.623285 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans 
during the previous year ending was Rs.253050 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at Rs.282074 
Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly in Group A. 
 
6.3.1.4 Central Bank of India 
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were amongst the top four  for the study period i.e April 
March 2007 to March 2018 as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   
 



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Table 9. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 
                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

272513 170712 32683 29236 381307 142178 173779 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
                   Table 10. Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 

Central Bank of India   from April 2007 to March 2018 
 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Ms. H.A.Daruwalla June 2005 December 2008 

2. Mr. S. Sridharan March 2009 May 2011 

3. Mr. M.V.Tanksale June 2011 July 2013 

4. Mr. Rajeev Rishi 1 August 2013 31 August 2018 

5. Mr. Pallav Mohapatra September 2018 Till Date 

 
It can be observed from table 9 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i..e 

March 2017 was Rs.272513 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs.170712 Million were added.  
During the year the Bank had reduced Rs.32683 Million and written off Rs.29236 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.381307 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.142178 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at 
Rs.173779 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly 
in Group A. 
 
6.3.2 Group – B  
Canara Bank   and Bank of Maharashtra - were in Group B i.e. 71 – 90% (Satisfactory Performance) most of the years in 
Gross NPAs and Net NPAs during the period of study i.e. 2007-2008 to 2017-2018. An analysis of movement of two 
Banks i.e. Canara Bank and Bank of Maharashtra   is studied and it is observed as below: 
 
6.3.2.1 Canara Bank 
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were fluctuated in various rankings and was mostly in 
Group B during the period March 2007 to April 2018,  can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   

The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or  Loans of the Bank were amongst the top three for the study period i.e. 
April 2007 to March 2018 as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   

 
Table 11. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or  
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

342020 247608 31847 83097 474685 216490 285424 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
           
 
 



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49 

             

             Table 12. Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 
Canara Bank from April 2007 to March 2018 

 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Mr. M B A Rao June 2005 June 2008 

2. Mr. A.C.Mahajan July 2008 July 2010 

3. Mr. S. Raman September 2010 September 2012 

4. Mr.R.K.Dubey January 2013 September 2014 

5. Mr. Shri D.N.Manoharan 2014 July 2015 

6. Mr. Rakesh Sharma August 2015 July 2018 

7. RA Sankara Narayanan April 2019 January 2020 

 
It can be observed from table 11 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i.e. 

March 2017 was Rs.342020 Million and during the year March 2017 to April 2018 Rs.247608 Million were added.  
During the year Bank had reduced Rs.31847 Million and written off Rs.83097 Million. The Gross Non-Performing Assets 
or Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.474685 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing Assets 
or Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.216490 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at 
Rs.285424 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly 
in Group B. 

 
6.3.2.2 Bank of Maharashtra  
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were fluctuated in various rankings and was mostly in 
Group B during the period April  2007 to March 2018, as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   
 
Table 13. Gross & Net Non-Performing Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                      Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or  Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

171887 54349 20300 24603 184332 113312 96412 

 
Source: http://www.rbi.org.in 

 
       Table 14. Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 

Bank of Maharashtra from April 2007 to March 2018 
 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Mr. Allen Pereira 2007 2011 

2. Mr. Narendra Singh February 2012 September 2013 

3. Mr. Sushil Muhnoot September 2013 September 2016 

4. Mr. Ravindra Marathe September 2016 June 2018 

 
It can be observed from table 13 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i.e. 

March 2017 was Rs.171887 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs54349 Millions were added.  
During the year Bank had reduced Rs.20300 Million and written off Rs.24603 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.184332 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.113312 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at 
Rs.96412 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly in 
Group B.  

 
 
 

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6.3.3 Group – C 
United Bank of India and Punjab and Sind Bank -  were in Group C  i.e. 91 – 100%  (Good  Performance) most of the 
years in Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans and Net Non-Performing Assets or  Loans during the period of study i.e. 
April  2007 to March 2018.   An analysis of these two Banks movement is studied and it is observed as below: 
 
6.3.3.1 United Bank of India  
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were fluctuated  mostly in Group C during the period 
April  2007 to March 2018,  as can be seen from Appendix A,B,C and D.   
 
Table15. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets  or Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or  
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

109520 86063 11391 18669 165521 65919 103163 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

 
          Table 16. Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 

United Bank of India -  From April  2007 To March 2018 
 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Mr.  P.K.Gupta November 2008 February 2010 

2. Mr. Bhaskar Sen March 2010 2013 

3. Mrs. Archana Bhargava April 2013 February 2014 

4. Mr. Peturi Srinivasan December 2014 June 2016 

5. Mr. Pawan Kumar  Bajaj August 2016 September  2018 

6. Mr. Ashok Kumar Pradhan October 2018 Till Date 

 
It can be observed from table 15 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i.e. 

March 2017 was Rs.109520 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs. 86063 Millions were added.  
During the year Bank had reduced Rs.11391 Million and written off Rs.18669 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.165521 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing 
Assets or Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.65919 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at 
Rs. 103163 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period April 2007 to March 2018 the Bank was mostly 
in Group C.  
 
6.3.3.2 Punjab and Sind Bank 
The Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans of the Bank were mostly in Group C during the period April 2007 to 
March 2018, as can be seen from Appendix A, B, C and D.   
 
Table 17. Gross & Net Non-Performing Assets or Loans as on March 2018 

                                                                                                                                    Rs. Million 

 Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans 

Year  Last 
Year’s 
Out 
standing  

Added 
during the 
year 

Reduced 
during the 
year 

Written-Off Present Year Last Year Present Year 

2017-
2018 

62976 25918 6279 4598 78017 43751 46079 

 
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in 

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        Table 18.  Details of Chairman and Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer - 
United Bank of India - From April 2007 to March 2018 

 

Sl.No. Name Period 

  From To 

1. Mr. S.R.P.Singh 2007 August 2009 

2. Mr. S.G.S.Vedi August 2009 June 2010 

3. Mr. D.P.Singh November 2011 January 2014 

4. Mr. Jatinder Singh February 2014 December 2017 

5. S Harisankar September 2018 Till Date 

 
It can be observed from table 17 that the Gross Non-Performing Assets or Loans during the previous year ending i.e. 

March 2017 was Rs.62976 Million and during the year April 2017 to March 2018 Rs. 25918 Millions were added.  
During the year the Banks had reduced Rs. 6279 Million and written off Rs.4598 Million.  The Gross Non-Performing 
Loans of the Bank at the end of March 2018 stood at Rs.78017 Million.  As regards the Net Non-Performing Assets or 
Loans during the previous year ending was Rs.43751 Million and during the year ending March 2018 it stood at Rs. 
46079 Million.  It can also be observed that during the study period March 2007 to April 2008 the Bank was mostly in 
Group C.  
 
7. Conclusion 
The study of select Indian Banks for the period from April 2007 to March 2018 of all the groups together concludes that 
some of the Banks Net Performing Assets or Loans were very high and beyond the control of the Banks.  The Banks have 
also been defrauded by large borrowers which have brought more strain on its assets.  In some cases from the study it 
indicates that the performance of the Bank’s management was one of the reasons for rise in non-performing assets or loans 
and also it can be seen that there were no heads in respect of some Banks during the study period and it is a matter of great 
concern.  It is therefore, concluded that there should be a strong management for better results and governance and the 
Regulators must also have strong supervisory control and policies put in place for better results.  Since the Banks under 
study are formed under the law of the Government, it becomes necessary for the Government to have in place heads for all 
the Banks, so that decision making becomes easier and also those large borrowers who are defrauding their loans should be 
also strictly dealt with.  It is necessary to have a sound financial and banking system to strengthen the economy of the 
country.  
 
8. Limitations  
Only few selected banks are analyzed.  Only the government banks were taken up for study and other type of banks i.e. 
Private, Co-operative and Foreign are not part of study.  The qualitative aspect of the banking sector and the political 
environment prevailing in the country is also not part of the research study.  It will be therefore, interesting to study the 
performance and management of the Banks after another five years after the merger of government banks into 4 to 5 big 
banks. 
 
References 
Sanjeev, G. M. (2007). Non-Performing Assets in Commercial Banks. Journal of Management Research, 7(1),South Asia 
Publications.  
Khushpatand J. S., & Rahul, C. G. (2012). Managing Business in Turbulent Times. JBIMS, Mumbai Journal, Excel India 
Publishers, New Delhi 
Retrieved from https://www.rbi.org.in 
Retrieved from http://www.moneycontrol.com 
Retrieved from Select Indian Banks Websites and Annual Reports.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



 
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Appendix – A 
ABC Analysis of Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA) or Loans of select Indian Public Sector Banks for the period April 2007 to March 2018          Rs. Million 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Name of Bank 2007-
2008 

Percentage of 
Total Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2008-
2009 

Percentage of 
Total Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2009-
2010 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 128373 33.95 33.95 State Bank of India 157140 37.19 37.19 State Bank of India 195349 34.93 34.93 

Punjab National 
Bank 

33193 8.78 42.73 Punjab National Bank 25069 5.93 43.12 Bank of India 48827 8.73 43.66 

Central Bank of 
India 

23500 6.22 48.94 Bank of India 24709 5.85 48.97 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

36111 6.46 50.11 

Bank of Baroda 19814 5.24 54.18 Central Bank of India 23160 5.48 54.45 Punjab National 
Bank 

32144 5.75 55.86 

Bank of India 19309 5.11 59.29 Canara Bank 21680 5.13 59.58 Union Bank of India 26709 4.78 60.64 

Syndicate Bank 17687 4.68 63.97 Indian Overseas Bank 19234 4.55 64.13 Canara Bank 25903 4.63 65.27 

Union Bank of India 16566 4.38 68.35 Union Bank of India 19234 4.55 68.68 Central Bank of 
India 

24580 4.39 69.66 

UCO Bank 16520 4.37 72.72 Bank of Baroda 18429 4.36 73.04 Bank of Baroda 24007 4.29 73.96 

IDBI Bank 15647 4.14 76.86 Syndicate Bank 15945 3.77 76.82 IDBI Bank 21294 3.81 77.76 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

12801 3.39 80.24 UCO Bank 15395 3.64 80.46 Syndicate Bank 20068 3.59 81.35 

Canara Bank 12726 3.37 83.61 IDBI Bank 14357 3.40 83.86 UCO Bank 16664 2.98 84.33 

Allahabad Bank 10105 2.67 86.28 Allahabad Bank 10783 2.55 86.41 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

14688 2.63 86.96 

Indian Overseas Bank 9970 2.64 88.92 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

10581 2.50 88.91 United Bank of 
India 

13723 2.45 89.41 

Bank of Maharashtra 7663 2.03 90.94 United Bank of India 10200 2.41 91.33 Allahabad Bank 12218 2.18 91.59 

United Bank of India 7610 2.01 92.96 Bank of Maharashtra 7984 1.89 93.22 Bank of Maharashtra 12098 2.16 93.76 

Corporation Bank 5844 1.55 94.50 Vijaya Bank 6988 1.65 94.87 Vijaya Bank 9945 1.78 95.54 

Dena Bank 5726 1.51 96.02 Dena Bank 6208 1.47 96.34 Corporation Bank 6509 1.16 96.70 

Vijaya Bank 5115 1.35 97.37 Corporation Bank 5592 1.32 97.66 Dena Bank 6420 1.15 97.85 

Indian Bank 4869 1.29 98.66 Indian Bank 4592 1.09 98.75 Indian Bank 5101 0.91 98.76 

Andhra Bank 3724 0.98 99.64 Andhra Bank 3681 0.87 99.62 Andhra Bank 4879 0.87 99.63 

Punjab & Sind Bank 1355 0.36 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 1610 0.38 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 2062 0.37 100 

TOTAL: 378117 100   TOTAL: 422571 100   TOTAL: 559299 100   



 
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Name of Bank 2010-
2011 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2011- 
2012 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2012- 
2013 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 253263 36.41 36.41 State Bank of India 396765 36.48 36.48 State Bank of India 511894 33.49 33.49 

Bank of India 48116 6.92 43.33 Punjab National Bank 87196 8.02 44.50 Punjab National Bank 134658 8.81 42.29 

Punjab National Bank 43794 6.30 49.63 Central Bank of India 72730 6.69 51.19 Bank of India 87653 5.73 48.03 

Union Bank of India 36228 5.21 54.84 Bank of India 58940 5.42 56.61 Central Bank of India 84560 5.53 53.56 

Bank of Baroda 31525 4.53 59.37 Union Bank of India 54499 5.01 61.62 Bank of Baroda 79826 5.22 58.78 

UCO Bank 31504 4.53 63.90 IDBI Bank 45514 4.19 65.80 UCO Bank 71301 4.66 63.44 

Indian Overseas Bank 30896 4.44 68.34 Bank of Baroda 44648 4.11 69.91 Indian Overseas Bank 66080 4.32 67.77 

Canara Bank 30892 4.44 72.79 UCO Bank 40862 3.76 73.67 IDBI Bank 64500 4.22 71.99 

IDBI Bank 27847 4.00 76.79 Canara Bank 40318 3.71 77.37 Union Bank of India 63138 4.13 76.12 

Syndicate Bank 25990 3.74 80.53 Indian Overseas Bank 39201 3.60 80.98 Canara Bank 62602 4.10 80.21 

Central Bank of India 23940 3.44 83.97 Oriental Bk of Comm. 35805 3.29 84.27 Allahabad Bank 51370 3.36 83.57 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

19205 2.76 86.73 Syndicate Bank 31827 2.93 87.20 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

41840 2.74 86.31 

Allahabad Bank 16479 2.37 89.10 United Bank of India 21764 2.00 89.20 Andhra Bank 37145 2.43 88.74 

United Bank of India 13558 1.95 91.05 Allahabad Bank 20890 1.92 91.12 Indian Bank 35655 2.33 91.07 

Vijaya Bank 12592 1.81 92.86 Indian Bank 18508 1.70 92.82 Syndicate Bank 29785 1.95 93.02 

Bank of Maharashtra 11737 1.69 94.55 Andhra Bank 17980 1.65 94.47 United Bank of India 29638 1.94 94.96 

Andhra Bank 9956 1.43 95.98 Vijaya Bank 17185 1.58 96.05 Corporation Bank 20482 1.34 96.30 

Dena Bank 8422 1.21 97.19 Bank of Maharashtra 12970 1.19 97.25 Punjab & Sind Bank 15369 1.01 97.30 

Corporation Bank 7902 1.14 98.33 Corporation Bank 12742 1.17 98.42 Vijaya Bank 15329 1.00 98.31 

Indian Bank 7403 1.06 99.39 Dena Bank 9565 0.88 99.30 Dena Bank 14525 0.95 99.26 

Punjab & Sind Bank 4243 0.61 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 7634 0.70 100 Bank of Maharashtra 11376 0.74 100 

TOTAL: 695492 100   TOTAL: 1087543 100   TOTAL: 1528726 100   

 

 

 



 
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Name of Bank 2013- 
2014 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2014- 
2015 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2015- 
2016 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 616054 29.47 29.47 State Bank of India 567253 22.26 22.26 State Bank of India 981728 19.02 19.02 

Punjab National Bank 188801 9.03 38.50 Punjab National Bank 256949 10.08 32.35 Punjab National Bank 558183 10.81 29.83 

Bank of Baroda 118759 5.68 44.18 Bank of India 221932 8.71 41.06 Bank of India 498791 9.66 39.50 

Bank of India 118686 5.68 49.86 Bank of Baroda 162614 6.38 47.44 Bank of Baroda 405210 7.85 47.35 

Central Bank of India 115000 5.50 55.36 Indian Overseas Bank 149225 5.86 53.30 Canara Bank 316378 6.13 53.48 

IDBI Bank 99620 4.77 60.12 Canara Bank 130400 5.12 58.42 Indian Overseas Bank 300486 5.82 59.30 

Union Bank of India 95637 4.57 64.70 Union Bank of India 130309 5.11 63.53 IDBI Bank 248751 4.82 64.12 

Indian Overseas Bank 90205 4.31 69.01 IDBI Bank 126850 4.98 68.51 Union Bank of India 241709 4.68 68.80 

Allahabad Bank 80680 3.86 72.87 Central Bank of India 118730 4.66 73.17 Central Bank of India 227210 4.40 73.20 

Canara Bank 75702 3.62 76.49 UCO Bank 102651 4.03 77.20 UCO Bank 209077 4.05 77.25 

United Bank of India 71180 3.40 79.90 Allahabad Bank 83580 3.28 80.48 Allahabad Bank 153846 2.98 80.23 

UCO Bank 66214 3.17 83.07 Corporation Bank 71067 2.79 83.27 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

147017 2.85 83.08 

Andhra Bank 58576 2.80 85.87 Andhra Bank 68765 2.70 85.97 Corporation Bank 145443 2.82 85.90 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

56179 2.69 88.56 United Bank of India 65529 2.57 88.54 Syndicate Bank 138322 2.68 88.58 

Corporation Bank 47368 2.27 90.82 Syndicate Bank 64424 2.53 91.07 Andhra Bank 114436 2.22 90.80 

Syndicate Bank 46111 2.21 93.03 Bank of Maharashtra 64021 2.51 93.58 Bank of Maharashtra 103859 2.01 92.81 

Indian Bank 45622 2.18 95.21 Indian Bank 56704 2.23 95.81 United Bank of India 94710 1.83 94.64 

Bank of Maharashtra 28599 1.37 96.58 Dena Bank 43930 1.72 97.53 Indian Bank 88270 1.71 96.35 

Dena Bank 26160 1.25 97.83 Punjab & Sind Bank 30822 1.21 98.74 Dena Bank 85605 1.66 98.01 

Punjab & Sind Bank 25535 1.22 99.05 Vijaya Bank 24432 0.96 99.70 Vijaya Bank 60271 1.17 99.18 

Vijaya Bank 19859 0.95 100 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

7662 0.30 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 42291 0.82 100 

TOTAL: 2090547 100   TOTAL: 2547849 100   TOTAL: 5161593 100   

 

 



 
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Source: https://www.rbi.org.in and https://www.moneycontrol.com 

 

Name of Bank 2016- 
2017 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross 
NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2017- 
2018 

Percentage 
of Total 
Gross NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 1123430 18.14 18.14 State Bank of India 2234275 24.95 24.95 

Punjab National Bank 553705 8.94 27.09 Punjab National Bank 866201 9.67 34.62 

Bank of India 520445 8.40 35.49 Bank of India 623285 6.96 41.58 

IDBI Bank 447526 7.23 42.72 Bank of Baroda 564804 6.31 47.88 

Bank of Baroda 427187 6.90 49.62 IDBI Bank 555883 6.21 54.09 

Indian Overseas Bank 350983 5.67 55.28 Union Bank of India 493699 5.51 59.60 

Canara Bank 342020 5.52 60.81 Canara Bank 474685 5.30 64.90 

Union Bank of India 337123 5.44 66.25 Indian Overseas Bank 381802 4.26 69.17 

Central Bank of India 272510 4.40 70.65 Central Bank of India 381307 4.26 73.42 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

228593 3.69 74.35 UCO Bank 305499 3.41 76.84 

UCO Bank 225410 3.64 77.99 Andhra Bank 281244 3.14 79.98 

Allahabad Bank 206878 3.34 81.33 Allahabad Bank 265628 2.97 82.94 

Andhra Bank 176700 2.85 84.18 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

261336 2.92 85.86 

Syndicate Bank 176093 2.84 87.02 Syndicate Bank 257586 2.88 88.74 

Bank of Maharashtra 171887 2.78 89.80 Corporation Bank 222134 2.48 91.22 

Corporation Bank 170452 2.75 92.55 Bank of Maharashtra 184332 2.06 93.27 

Dena Bank 126187 2.04 94.59 United Bank of India 165521 1.85 95.12 

United Bank of India 109520 1.77 96.36 Dena Bank 163614 1.83 96.95 

Indian Bank 98651 1.59 97.95 Indian Bank 119901 1.34 98.29 

Vijaya Bank 63818 1.03 98.98 Punjab & Sind Bank 78017 0.87 99.16 

Punjab & Sind Bank 62976 1.02 100 Vijaya Bank 75261 0.84 100 

TOTAL: 6192094 100   TOTAL: 8956014 100   



 
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Appendix – B 
ABC Analysis of Net Non-Performing Assets (NNPAs) or Loans of  Select Indian Public Sector Banks for the period April 2007 to March 2018.                                                 Rs. Million 

Name of Bank 2007-
2009 

Percentage 
of total 
Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2008-
2009 

Percentage 
of total 
Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2009-
2010 

Percentage 
of total 
Net NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 74243 44.32 44.32 State Bank of India 96774 48.47 48.47 State Bank of India 108702 39.27 39.27 

UCO Bank 10923 6.52 50.84 Canara Bank 15073 7.55 56.03 Bank of India 22075 7.97 47.24 

IDBI Bank 10829 6.46 57.30 Central Bank of 
India 

10630 5.32 61.35 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

19950 7.21 54.45 

Central Bank of India 10600 6.33 63.63 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

9991 5.00 66.35 Canara Bank 17997 6.50 60.95 

Canara Bank 8990 5.37 69.00 IDBI Bank 9490 4.75 71.11 IDBI Bank 14063 5.08 66.03 

Punjab National Bank 7538 4.50 73.50 UCO Bank 8127 4.07 75.18 Punjab National 
Bank 

9817 3.55 69.57 

Syndicate Bank 6227 3.72 77.22 Syndicate Bank 6318 3.16 78.34 UCO Bank 9663 3.49 73.06 

Bank of India 5920 3.53 80.75 Bank of India 6282 3.15 81.49 Union Bank of India 9653 3.49 76.55 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

5384 3.21 83.96 United Bank of 
India 

5250 2.63 84.12 Syndicate Bank 9632 3.48 80.03 

Bank of Baroda 4936 2.95 86.91 Bank of Baroda 4490 2.25 86.37 United Bank of India 7786 2.81 82.84 

Allahabad Bank 3998 2.39 89.30 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

4424 2.22 88.59 Central Bank of 
India 

7270 2.63 85.47 

Indian Overseas Bank 3632 2.17 91.46 Allahabad Bank 4221 2.11 90.70 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

7238 2.61 88.08 

United Bank of India 3060 1.83 93.29 Union Bank of India 3259 1.63 92.33 Bank of Maharashtra 6624 2.39 90.48 

Bank of Maharashtra 2540 1.52 94.81 Dena Bank 3134 1.57 93.90 Bank of Baroda 6023 2.18 92.65 

Dena Bank 2154 1.29 96.09 Vijaya Bank 2923 1.46 95.37 Vijaya Bank 5818 2.10 94.75 

Vijaya Bank 1816 1.08 97.18 Bank of Maharashtra 2719 1.36 96.73 Allahabad Bank 4702 1.70 96.45 

Union Bank of India 1276 0.76 97.94 Punjab National 
Bank 

2639 1.32 98.05 Dena Bank 4275 1.54 98.00 

Corporation Bank 1269 0.76 98.70 Corporation Bank 1383 0.69 98.74 Corporation Bank 1973 0.71 98.71 

Indian Bank 976 0.58 99.28 Indian Bank 938 0.47 99.21 Indian Bank 1449 0.52 99.23 

Punjab & Sind Bank 670 0.40 99.68 Andhra Bank 792 0.40 99.61 Punjab & Sind Bank 1166 0.42 99.65 

Andhra Bank 537 0.32 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 780 0.39 100 Andhra Bank 957 0.35 100 

TOTAL: 167518 100   TOTAL: 199637 100   TOTAL: 276833 100   



 
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Name of Bank 2010-
2011 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2011-
2012 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2012-
2013 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 123469 36.73 36.73 State Bank of India 158189 28.87 28.87 State Bank of India 219565 26.20 26.20 

Canara Bank 23299 6.93 43.67 Central Bank of 
India 

46000 8.40 37.27 Punjab National 
Bank 

72365 8.63 34.83 

Punjab National Bank 20386 6.07 49.73 Punjab National 
Bank 

44542 8.13 45.40 Bank of India 59473 7.10 41.93 

Bank of India 19450 5.79 55.52 Bank of India 36564 6.67 52.07 Canara Bank 52781 6.30 48.23 

UCO Bank 18246 5.43 60.95 Canara Bank 33863 6.18 58.25 Central Bank of 
India 

49880 5.95 54.18 

Union Bank of India 18034 5.37 66.31 Union Bank of India 30250 5.52 63.78 Bank of Baroda 41920 5.00 59.18 

IDBI Bank 16779 4.99 71.31 IDBI Bank 29109 5.31 69.09 Allahabad Bank 41268 4.92 64.11 

Indian Overseas Bank 13284 3.95 75.26 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

24590 4.49 73.58 UCO Bank 40693 4.86 68.96 

Syndicate Bank 10308 3.07 78.32 UCO Bank 22639 4.13 77.71 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

40272 4.81 73.77 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

9382 2.79 81.12 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

19074 3.48 81.19 Union Bank of India 33534 4.00 77.77 

Central Bank of India 8470 2.52 83.64 Bank of Baroda 15436 2.82 84.01 IDBI Bank 31004 3.70 81.47 

Bank of Baroda 7909 2.35 85.99 Indian Bank 11968 2.18 86.19 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

29027 3.46 84.93 

United Bank of India 7574 2.25 88.24 Syndicate Bank 11854 2.16 88.36 Andhra Bank 24092 2.87 87.81 

Vijaya Bank 7412 2.21 90.45 Allahabad Bank 10917 1.99 90.35 Indian Bank 23843 2.84 90.65 

Allahabad Bank 7364 2.19 92.64 United Bank of 
India 

10756 1.96 92.31 United Bank of India 19700 2.35 93.00 

Bank of Maharashtra 6190 1.84 94.48 Vijaya Bank 9980 1.82 94.13 Corporation Bank 14109 1.68 94.68 

Dena Bank 5490 1.63 96.11 Corporation Bank 8694 1.59 95.72 Syndicate Bank 11248 1.34 96.03 

Corporation Bank 3977 1.18 97.30 Andhra Bank 7559 1.38 97.10 Punjab & Sind Bank 11104 1.32 97.35 

Indian Bank 3970 1.18 98.48 Dena Bank 5717 1.04 98.14 Dena Bank 9172 1.09 98.45 

Andhra Bank 2737 0.81 99.29 Punjab & Sind Bank 5476 1.00 99.14 Vijaya Bank 9097 1.09 99.53 

Punjab & Sind Bank 2379 0.71 100 Bank of Maharashtra 4696 0.86 100 Bank of Maharashtra 3929 0.47 100 

TOTAL: 336109 100   TOTAL: 547873 100   TOTAL: 838076 100   



 
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Name of Bank 2013-
2014 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative Name  of Bank 2014-
2015 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of Bank 2015-
2016 

Percentage 
of total 

Net NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 310961 25.99 25.99 State Bank of India 275906 18.36 18.36 State Bank of India 558070 18.16 18.16 

Punjab National Bank 99170 8.29 34.28 Punjab National 
Bank 

153965 10.25 28.61 Punjab National Bank 354226 11.53 29.69 

Bank of India 74172 6.20 40.48 Bank of India 135176 9.00 37.60 Bank of India 279964 9.11 38.80 

Central Bank of India 66500 5.56 46.04 Indian Overseas 
Bank 

98133 6.53 44.13 Canara Bank 208329 6.78 45.58 

Bank of Baroda 60348 5.04 51.08 Canara Bank 87401 5.82 49.95 Bank of Baroda 194065 6.32 51.89 

Canara Bank 59655 4.99 56.07 Bank of Baroda 80695 5.37 55.32 Indian Overseas Bank 192126 6.25 58.15 

Allahabad Bank 57218 4.78 60.85 Union Bank of 
India 

69190 4.60 59.93 IDBI Bank 146434 4.77 62.91 

Indian Overseas Bank 56581 4.73 65.58 Central Bank of 
India 

68070 4.53 64.46 Union Bank of India 140259 4.56 67.48 

Union Bank of India 53403 4.46 70.04 UCO Bank 63306 4.21 68.67 Central Bank of India 132420 4.31 71.79 

IDBI Bank 49023 4.10 74.14 IDBI Bank 59925 3.99 72.66 UCO Bank 114436 3.72 75.51 

United Bank of India 46641 3.90 78.04 Allahabad Bank 59789 3.98 76.64 Allahabad Bank 102925 3.35 78.86 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

39044 3.26 81.30 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

48162 3.21 79.84 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

99322 3.23 82.09 

UCO Bank 35564 2.97 84.27 Corporation Bank 44650 2.97 82.81 Corporation Bank 91601 2.98 85.07 

Andhra Bank 33425 2.79 87.07 Bank of 
Maharashtra 

41266 2.75 85.56 Syndicate Bank 90149 2.93 88.01 

Corporation Bank 31806 2.66 89.73 United Bank of 
India 

40814 2.72 88.27 Bank of Maharashtra 68320 2.22 90.23 

Indian Bank 27637 2.31 92.04 Syndicate Bank 38437 2.56 90.83 United Bank of India 61107 1.99 92.22 

Syndicate Bank 27206 2.27 94.31 Andhra Bank 36886 2.45 93.29 Andhra Bank 60357 1.96 94.18 

Punjab & Sind Bank 19186 1.60 95.91 Indian Bank 31470 2.09 95.38 Indian Bank 54194 1.76 95.95 

Dena Bank 18189 1.52 97.43 Dena Bank 30143 2.01 97.39 Dena Bank 52305 1.70 97.65 

Bank of Maharashtra 18073 1.51 98.94 Punjab & Sind Bank 22660 1.51 98.90 Vijaya Bank 42768 1.39 99.04 

Vijaya Bank 12624 1.06 100 Vijaya Bank 16597 1.10 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 29495 0.96 100 

TOTAL: 1196426 100   TOTAL: 1502641 100   TOTAL: 3072872 100   



 
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Name of Bank 2016-17 Percentage 
of total 
Net NPA 

Cumulative Name of  Bank 2017-18 Percentage 
of total 
Net NPA 

Cumulative 

State Bank of India 582774 16.92 16.92 State Bank of India 1108547 24.39 24.39 

Punjab National Bank 327021 9.50 26.42 Punjab National Bank 486843 10.71 35.10 

Bank of India 253050 7.35 33.77 IDBI Bank 286651 6.31 41.41 

IDBI Bank 252058 7.32 41.08 Canara Bank 285424 6.28 47.69 

Canara Bank 216490 6.29 47.37 Bank of India 282073 6.21 53.90 

Indian Overseas Bank 197493 5.73 53.11 Union Bank of India 243263 5.35 59.25 

Union Bank of India 188321 5.47 58.57 Bank of Baroda 234827 5.17 64.42 

Bank of Baroda 180802 5.25 63.82 Indian Overseas Bank 203997 4.49 68.91 

Central Bank of India 142180 4.13 67.95 Central Bank of India 173779 3.82 72.73 

Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

141178 4.10 72.05 Oriental Bank of 
Commerce 

142829 3.14 75.87 

Allahabad Bank 134335 3.90 75.95 UCO Bank 140821 3.10 78.97 

Corporation Bank 116922 3.40 79.35 Corporation Bank 140770 3.10 82.07 

Bank of Maharashtra 112296 3.26 82.61 Syndicate Bank 132395 2.91 84.98 

UCO Bank 107034 3.11 85.72 Andhra Bank 126369 2.78 87.76 

Syndicate Bank 104110 3.02 88.74 Allahabad Bank 122291 2.69 90.45 

Andhra Bank 103548 3.01 91.75 United Bank of India 103163 2.27 92.72 

Dena Bank 77351 2.25 93.99 Bank of Maharashtra 96412 2.12 94.85 

United Bank of India 65919 1.91 95.91 Dena Bank 78388 1.72 96.57 

Indian Bank 56066 1.63 97.53 Indian Bank 59596 1.31 97.88 

Punjab & Sind Bank 43751 1.27 98.80 Vijaya Bank 50212 1.10 98.99 

Vijaya Bank 41182 1.20 100 Punjab & Sind Bank 46079 1.01 100 

TOTAL: 3443881 100    TOTAL: 4544729 100.00   

 

Source: https://www.rbi.org.in and https://www.moneycontrol.com 

 



 
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Appendix – C 
Details of Group Ranking of select Indian Public Sector Banks as per percentage of Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA)  or  Gross Non Performing Loans (GNPLs) for the period April 
2007 to March 2018 -  (Groups for studying the management and governance of select Banks from the cumulative (decreasing method) i.e. Group – A - 1-70 (Poor Performance), Group – B 
-  71-90 (Satisfactory Performance) and Group – C -  91-100 (Good Performance).   
 

 Group 2007-2008 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, Syndicate 
Bank, Canara Bank. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) UCO Bank, IDBI Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Allahabad Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Bank of 
Maharashtra. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, Punjab & Sind 
Bank. 

 

 Group 2008-2009 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Canara Bank, Indian Overseas 
Bank, Union Bank of India. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Bank of Baroda, Syndicate Bank, UCO Bank, IDBI Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Bank of Maharashtra, Vijaya Bank, Dena Bank, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra 
Bank, Punjab &  Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2009-2010 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Punjab National Bank, Canara Bank, Central Bank of 
India. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Bank of Baroda, IDBI Bank, Syndicate Bank, UCO Bank, Union Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, 
United Bank of India. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Allahabad Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Vijaya Bank, Corporation Bank, Dena Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, 
Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2010-2011 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Union Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, UCO Bank, 
Indian Overseas Bank.  

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Canara Bank, IDBI Bank, Central Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Allahabad Bank. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Vijaya Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Andhra Bank, Dena Bank, Corporation Bank, Indian 
Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2011-2012 

Highest  GNPAs  A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Central Bank of India, Bank of India, Union Bank of India, IDBI 



 
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 Bank, Bank of Baroda. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) UCO Bank, Canara Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Syndicate Bank, United Bank of India. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Allahabad Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, Vijaya Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Corporation Bank, Dena 
Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2012-2013 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, UCO Bank, 
Indian Overseas Bank. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%)(Satisfactory Performance) IDBI Bank, Union Bank of India, Canara Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce,  Andhra Bank. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Indian Bank, Syndicate Bank, United Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Vijaya Bank, 
Dena Bank, Bank of Maharashtra. 

 

 Group 2013-2014 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, IDBI Bank, 
Union Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Allahabad Bank, Canara Bank, United Bank of India, UCO Bank, Andhra Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, 
Corporation Bank. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Syndicate, Indian, BOM, Dena, P&SB, Vijaya 

 

 Group 2014-2015 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Indian Overseas Bank, Canara 
Bank, Union Bank of India, IDBI Bank. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Central Bank of India, UCO Bank, Allahabad Bank, Corporation Bank, Andhra Bank, United Bank of India. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Syndicate Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Indian Bank, Dena Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Oriental Bank of 
Commerce, Vijaya Bank. 

 

 Group 2015-2016 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Indian Overseas 
Bank, IDBI Bank, Union Bank of India. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Central Bank of India, UCO Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Corporation Bank, Syndicate 
Bank, Andhra Bank. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Bank of Maharashtra, United Bank of India, Indian Bank, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2016-2017 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Canara Bank, Union Bank of 
India, Central Bank of India. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Oriental Bank of Commerce, UCO Bank, Allahabad Bank, Andhra Bank, Syndicate Bank, Bank of 
Maharashtra. 



 
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Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Corporation Bank, Dena Bank, United Bank of India, Indian Bank, Vijaya Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2017-2018 

Highest  GNPAs  
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, IDBI Bank, Union Bank of India, 
Canara Bank and Indian Overseas Bank. 

Medium GNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Central Bank of India, UCO Bank, Andhra Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Syndicate 
Bank. 

Lowest GNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Corporation Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Dena Bank, Indian Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Vijaya Bank. 

 

Appendix – D 
Details of Group Ranking  of  select  Indian Public Sector  Banks as per percentage of  Net Non-Performing Assets (NNPA)  or  Net  Non-Performing Loans (NNPLs) for the period April 
2007 to March 2018 -  (Groups for studying the management and governance of select Banks from the cumulative (decreasing method) i.e. Group – A - 1-70 (Poor Performance), Group – B 
-  71-90 (Satisfactory Performance) and Group – C -  91-100 (Good Performance).   
 

 Group 2007-2008 

Highest   NNPAs A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, UCO Bank, IDBI Bank, Central Bank of India, Canara Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Punjab National Bank, Syndicate Bank, Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Bank of Baroda, Allahabad 
Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Indian Overseas Bank, United Bank of India, Bank of Maharashtra, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Union Bank of 
India, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Andhra Bank. 

 

 Group 2008-2009 

Highest   NNPAs A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Canara Bank, Central Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) IDBI Bank, UCO Bank, Syndicate Bank, Bank of India, United Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Oriental Bank 
of Commerce, Allahabad Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Union Bank of India, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Punjab National Bank, Corporation 
Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 

 Group 2009-2010 

Highest   NNPAs A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Canara Bank, IDBI Bank, Punjab National Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) UCO Bank, Union Bank of India, Syndicate Bank, United Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Oriental Bank 
of Commerce, Bank of Maharashtra. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Bank of Baroda, Vijaya Bank, Allahabad Bank, Dena bank, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Punjab & Sind 
Bank, Andhra Bank. 

 

 Group 2010-2011 

Highest   NNPAs A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) State Bank of India, Canara Bank, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Bank of India, UCO Bank, Union 



 
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  Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) IDBI Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Syndicate Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Central Bank of India, Bank 
of India, United Bank of India, Vijaya Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Allahabad Bank, Bank of Baroda, Dena Bank, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, Punjab & Sind 
Bank. 

 

 Group 2011-2012 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Union Bank of 
India, IDBI Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Oriental Bank of India, UCO Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Bank of Baroda, Indian Bank, Syndicate Bank, 
Allahabad Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Vijaya Bank, Corporation Bank, Andhra Bank, Dena Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Bank 
of Maharashtra. 

 Group 2012-2013 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Central Bank of India, Bank of 
Baroda, Allahabad Bank, UCO Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Indian Overseas Bank, Union Bank of India, IDBI Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Andhra Bank, Indian 
Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Syndicate Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Bank 
of Maharashtra. 

 

 Group 2013-2014 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara 
Bank, Allahabad Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Union Bank of India. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) IDBI Bank, United Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, UCO Bank, Andhra Bank, Corporation Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Indian Bank, Syndicate Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Dena Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Vijaya Bank. 

 

 Group 2014-2015 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Canara Bank, Bank of 
Baroda, Union Bank of India, Central Bank of India, UCO Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) IDBI Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Corporation Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, United 
Bank of India, Syndicate Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Andhra Bank, Indian Bank, Dena Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Vijaya Bank. 

 

 Group 2015-2016 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Bank of Baroda, Indian Overseas 
Bank, IDBI Bank, Union Bank of India. 



 
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Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Central Bank of India, UCO Bank, Allahabad Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Corporation Bank, Syndicate 
Bank, Bank of Maharashtra. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Andhra Bank, Indian Bank, Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

 Group 2016-2017 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, IDBI Bank, Canara Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, 
Union Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Central Bank of India. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Oriental Bank of Commerce, Allahabad Bank, Corporation Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, UCO Bank, Syndicate 
Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) Andhra Bank, United Bank of India, Indian Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank, Vijaya Bank. 

 

 Group 2017-2018 

Highest   NNPAs 
 

A (1-70%) (Poor Performance) 
 

State Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Indian Overseas Bank. 

Medium NNPAs B (71-90%) (Satisfactory Performance) Central Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, UCO Bank, Corporation Bank, Syndicate Bank, Andhra 
Bank, Allahabad Bank. 

Lowest   NNPAs C (91-100%) (Good Performance) United Bank of India, Bank of Maharashtra, Dena Bank, Indian Bank, Vijaya Bank, Punjab & Sind Bank. 

  

 

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