Mhamane & Kadam Use of Citrullus lanatus in cosmetic face pack formulation Vol 3 | Issue 2 | Apr – Jun 2024 Indian J Pharm Drug Studies | 73 Original Article Herbal face pack formulation from Citrullus lanatus Supriya Mhamane1, Revati Kadam2 From, 1Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, Sangola, Maharashtra, India. ABSTRACT Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae. Even though watermelon is commonly classified as a vegetable, it is botanically considered as a fruit and used primarily as a dessert. The main aim of this study is, to evaluate and formulate the Citrullus lanatus face pack. Watermelon rind powder, turmeric powder and sandal wood powder were used for this formulation. The dried powders were mixed and passed from sieve no. 120. Particle size of the powder was found to be 125 micron. The organoleptic evaluations, irritancy test, rheological evaluations, pH value, ash value determination, moisture content evaluation were performed. The herbal face pack is used to stimulate blood circulation, recreate the muscle, regulate the elasticity of skin and cleansing the skin. The herbal formulations has the less side effects. So, we decided to work on the herbal face pack. Keywords: Citrullus lanatus, Herbal face pack, Rind powder, Humectant, Anti-acne. Watermelon contains vitamins (A, C and B6), amino acid (Citrulline), anti-oxidant (Lycopene), bioactives such as curcurbitacin, triterpenes, sterols and alkaloids. It also contains dietary fibres in 16%, minerals such as potassium in 4%, and anti-oxidant like phenol in 1415ppm and flavonoids in 732ppm [1]. The major part of the body and which is act as a mirror which reflects health of that person is skin. To maintain the health of the skin, the diet should contain amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates. From ancient times, the womens take care of their skin because they are very conscious about it [2]. As mentioned in ayurveda, face packs can help to reduce wrinkles, dark circles, pimples and acne. Fairness and smoothness of skin can be increased by using herbal face packs. From many years, the face packs are used for removing the dirt from the skin pores [3]. MATERIALS & METHODS The rind of Citrullus lanatus were collected and cut into small pieces. Then it is dried under the sunlight for 2-3 days. Then it is powered by using mixer grinder and passed from sieve no. 120 for uniform particle size i.e. 125 micron. Access this article online Received – 03rd Jul 2023 Initial Review – 30th Jan 2024 Accepted – 08th Mar 2024 Quick Response Code Then this rind powder of Citrullus lanatus was authenticated by Dr. Tembhurne R. R. from Dept. of Botany, Sangola College, Sangola. Then collected the turmeric powder and sandal wood powder. Then mixed all these three powder in a given proportion. Then crush it by using mortar and pestle. Then evaluate the formulation by using different parameters such as organoleptic evaluations, irritancy test, rheological evaluations, pH value, ash value determination, moisture content evaluation [3]. Formulation Table 1: Formulation of face pack Ingredient Quantity (gm) Uses Watermelon rind powder 30 Humectant, Anti- acne Turmeric powder 5 Anti-oxidant Sandal wood powder 15 Anti- inflammatory Evaluation of Formulation 1) Organoleptic evaluation: It is used to determine the various parameters of the powder such as nature/ appearance, color, odor, taste, texture and smoothness by using sense organs like eyes, nose, teeth and skin [4]. __________________________________________________ Correspondence to: Supriya Mhamane, Korwali, Tal. Mohol, Dist. Solapur, Maharashtra, India. Email: supriyamhamane99@gmail.com Tel.: +91 8080244609. mailto:supriyamhamane99@gmail.com Mhamane & Kadam Use of Citrullus lanatus in cosmetic face pack formulation Vol 3 | Issue 2 | Apr – Jun 2024 Indian J Pharm Drug Studies | 74 2) Irritancy test: In a pinch of face pack, added 2-3 drops of rose water. Mixed it well and then it is applied on the skin for 10 min. Then it is observed [5]. 3) Rheological evaluation: In this, bulk density, tapped density and angle of repose were determined. A) Bulk density: Weighed 20gm formulation and added in a clean glass measuring cylinder. Then the volume is measured as bulk volume [3]. It is calculated by using following formula: Bulk density = Mass of powder Bulk volume B) Tapped density: Weighed 20gm formulation and added in a clean glass measuring cylinder. Then tapped it for 10 times and measured the tapped volume [3]. It is calculated by using following formula: Tapped density = (Mass of powder)/(Tapped volume) C) Angle of repose: Weighed 20gm formulation. On the surface place white paper. Pour the formulation on a clean funnel which has adjusted height at 10cm from the surface by using burette stand. Then measure the height of pile and draw a circle around it. Then measure its radius three times [3]. Calculate the average radius by using following formula: Average radius (r) = (R1+R2+R3+⋯+ Rn)/(No.of radius) By using height of pile and its average radius we can calculate angle of repose by using following formula: Angle of repose (ɵ) = tan−1( ℎ 𝑟 ) 4) pH value: Adjust the 10ml clean distilled water at a neutral pH by using dil. HCl and dil. NaOH. In that, added the 10mg formulation. Stir it well. Then take pH meter and deep it in a solution and compare its color with standard [4]. 5) Proximate analysisw I. Moisture content: Weighed 1.5gm of formulation and empty crucible as W1. Then weighed the formulation and crucible together as W2. Then it is transferred in a hot air oven for 15 minutes. Then place it at room temperature for few minutes, then transfer it in a desiccator for cooling. Then weighed it as a W3 [4]. Then by using following formula it is calculated: Moisture content = W2−W3 W2−W1 × 100 II. Ash value: It is used to calculate ash of the formulation. A) Total ash: Weighed 2gm of formulation and empty crucible. Then formulation added in that crucible, it is placed in a muffle furnace for 15 minutes. Then it is kept at room temp. For few minutes and then it is cooled in a desiccator. Then weighed it and calculated total ash by using following formula: Total ash = Weight of ash Drug taken × 100 B) Acid-insoluble ash value: Weighed 2gm of formulation and empty crucible. Then formulation added in that crucible, it is placed in a muffle furnace for 15 minutes. Then it is kept at room temp. For few minutes and then it is cooled in a desiccator. Then in a clean beaker add 25ml dil. HCl then it is placed on a hot plate along with some water in another beaker for boiling. Then it is cooled at room temperature and then filtered by using ashless filter paper and washed with hot water. Then wrap it and place in a crucible and again place it in a muffle furnace for 15 min. Then cool it at room temperature and then in a desiccator [4]. Then weighed it and calculated the acid- insoluble ash by using following formula: Acid-insoluble ash value = Crusible with ash wt.−Empty crusible wt. wt.of drug taken × 100 C) Water-soluble ash value: Weighed 2gm of formulation and empty crucible. Then formulation added in that crucible, it is placed in a muffle furnace for 15 minutes. Then it is kept at room temp. For few minutes and then it is cooled in a desiccator. Then in a clean beaker add 25ml distilled water then it is placed on a hot plate along with some water in another beaker for boiling. Then it is cooled at room temperature and then filtered by using ashless filter paper and washed with hot water. Then wrap it and place in a crucible and again place it in a muffle furnace for 15 min. Then cool it at room temperature and then in a desiccator [4]. Then weighed it and calculated the acid- insoluble ash by using following formula: Water-soluble ash value = Crusible with ash wt.−Empty crusible wt. wt.of drug taken × 100 Figure 3: Powder of Citrullus lanatus Figure 4: Powder of turmeric Figure 5: Powder of sandalwood Mhamane & Kadam Use of Citrullus lanatus in cosmetic face pack formulation Vol 3 | Issue 2 | Apr – Jun 2024 Indian J Pharm Drug Studies | 75 Figure 8: Irritancy test Fig 9: Bulk density, Fig 10: Tapped density, Fig 11: Angle of repose, Figure 12: pH value Figure 13: Moisture content Figure 14: Acid-insoluble ash value Figure 15: Water-soluble ash value RESULTS 1. Organoleptic evaluation: Organoleptic evaluation are the external appearance of the Citrullus lanatus. Table 2: Organoleptic evaluation Parameter Observation Nature/Appearance Powder Colour Butterscotch (Yellow) Odor Slight Taste Characteristic Texture Fine Smoothness Slightly rough 2. Irritancy test: This test includes the traumatic effect of the Citrullus lanatus after its use on face which are depicted in following table Table 3: Irritancy test Parameter Observation Irritation No irritation Erythema No erythema Edema No edema Itching No itching Swelling No swelling 3. Rheological evaluation: Rheological evaluation consist of evaluation of flow properties. Table 4: Rheological evaluation Parameter Observation Bulk density 0.34gm/ml Tapped density 0.43gm/ml Angle of repose 22.210 4. pH value: The observed pH value is 6-7 5. Proximate analysis: These analysis consists of laboratory investigations of the specimen. Table 5: Proximate analysis Parameter Observation (%) Moisture content 2 Total ash value 19 Acid-insoluble ash value 10.50 Water-soluble ash value 5.5 Graph 1: Formulation of face pack Mhamane & Kadam Use of Citrullus lanatus in cosmetic face pack formulation Vol 3 | Issue 2 | Apr – Jun 2024 Indian J Pharm Drug Studies | 76 DISCUSSION The rind of Citrullus lanatus contains plant constituents such as vitamin (A, C and B6), amino acid (citrulline), antioxidants, curcurbitacin, triterpenes, sterols, alkaloids. It also contain dietary fibres (16%), minerals (4%). This constituents shows anti-acne, humectant property. Herbal face pack from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind were firstly formulated. Because of its properties and less side effects of herbal drugs [6]. The various evaluation tests were performed to check the property of the powder. Organoleptic evaluation is to confirm its morphological characteristics. Then the irritancy test to check allergic reaction on body. The rheological evaluation determines the bulk density, tapped density and angle of repose. Proximate analysis were performed to check presence of moisture, ash value in acid, water. pH value is also determined [8]. CONCLUSION The results of the evaluation test show that, the formulation is good to use. Organoleptic evaluation gives knowledge about its morphological characteristics like nature, color, odor, taste, texture, smoothness. Then irritancy test shows that this formulation does not caused any irritation, erythema, edema or itching. Rheological evaluation shows calculation of bulk density i.e. 0.34gm/ml, tapped density i.e. 0.43gm/ml and angle of repose i.e. 22.210. Proximate analysis include moisture content i.e. 2%, total cash value i.e. 19%, acid- insoluble ash value i.e. 10.5% and water-soluble ash value i.e. 5.5%. The observed pH value is 6-7. These all observation shows that, this formulation has anti-acne and humectants property without allergic reactions. 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Formulation and evaluation of herbal face pack. Inter J Pharm Biologi Sci. 2018; 8(4):49-52. 10. Swati Siddheshwar Londhe et al. Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal face pack. WJPMR. 2020; 6(7):159-165. How to cite this article: Supriya Mhamane, Revati Kadam. Herbal face pack formulation from Citrullus lanatus. Indian J Pharm Drug Studies. 2024; 3(2):73-76. Funding: None; Conflicts of Interest: None Stated https://www.vedantu.com/evs/uses-of-watermelon-rind