Microsoft Word - Final for LuLu Vol. 14 Issue 1 Final


Indiana Health 
Law Review

A. INSPECT – Indiana’s PDMP

A. Trends in Opioid Dispensations

B. Doctor-Shopping

Factors Associated with INSPECT Use

Frequency of INSPECT Use

Change in Prescribing Practices in the Past Twelve Months

http://doi.org/10.18060/3911.0031



Vital Signs: Overdoses of Prescription Opioid Pain 
Relievers—United States, 1999-2008

Vital Signs: United States 1999-2008 see also
Prescription Drug Abuse: Insight Into the Epidemic

Who Uses a Prescription Drug Monitoring Program and How? 
Insights from a Statewide Survey of Oregon Clinicians

https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2010.154
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2014.04.003


Id. Abuse of Prescription Drugs and the 
Risk of Addiction

Economic Costs of Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids

Prescription Opioid Overdose Data

See Major Increases in Opioid Analgesic Abuse in 
the United States: Concerns and Strategies

see also Prescribing of Controlled Medications to Adolescents 
and Young Adults in the United see also 

Opioid Prescriptions Soar: Increase in legitimate Use As Well As Abuse
see also Therapeutic Opioids: A 

Ten-Year Perspective on the Complexities and Complications of the Escalating Use, Abuse, and 
Nonmedical Use of Opioids see also 

The Prescription Drug Epidemic in the United States: The Perfect Storm

Opioid Painkiller Prescribing: Where You Live 
Makes a Difference

Vital Signs: United States 1999-2008 supra
Opioids

see generally 

(Melissa H. Hargraves et al. eds., (2015).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.10.020
https://doi.org/10.1097/ajp.0b013e3181ff04ca
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.009
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-0791
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.297.3.249
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00291.x


Estimating the Prevalence of Opioid 
Diversion by “Doctor Shoppers” in the United States, 

See, e.g Prevalence and Determinants of Pharmacy Shopping Behaviour
,

A History of Being Prescribed Controlled Substances and Risk of 
Drug Overdose Death Doctor and 
Pharmacy Shopping for Controlled Substances

Doctor and Pharmacy Shopping for Controlled Substances, 

supra

Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs

 Id.; see also PDMP TTAC, FAQS,
PDMP FAQS

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069241
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00878.x
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01260.x
https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e31824ebd81


A. INSPECT – Indiana’s PDMP 

Central
Repository for Controlled Substances Data

About INSPECT
About INSPECT

Id.
Id.
Id.
FAQS
About INSPECT supra

Id.
Id.



A. Trends in Opioid Dispensations 

INSPECT

About INSPECT supra
See

See also

supra supra
Indiana INSPECT Data Set—2014



Figure 1. Trends in Opioid Dispensations in Indiana, 2010-2015 

Table 1. Frequency of Most Commonly Dispensed Opioids 35 

Id
Id



Table 2. Opioid Dispensations by Demographic Characteristics 

B. Doctor-Shopping

Id

Id.
Indiana INSPECT Data Set—2014



Table 3. Comparisons between Individuals who were and were not Doctor-Shoppers in 
2014

Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.



Table 4. Composition of INSPECT Survey Sample

,

Id.

Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.



Table 5. Knowledge of INSPECT 

Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.



less

Table 6. Use of INSPECT by Professionals Who Knew of INSPECT

Id.
Id.
Id.
See id.



Table 7. Description of Outcome and Predictor Variables Used in Analyses



A. Factors Associated with INSPECT Use

Chi Sq. = 587.222, p<.001; Nagelkerke R Sq. = .303 

Table 8. Binary Logistic Regression Predicting Any Use of INSPECT 

B. Frequency of INSPECT Use 

Id.



Chi Sq. = 199.139, p<.001; Nagelkerke R Sq. = .181



Table 9. Predictors of Frequency of INSPECT Use

C. Change in Prescribing Practices in the Past Twelve Months

Chi Sq. = 179.431, p <.001; Nagelkerke R Sq = .141

Table 10. Predictors of Change in Prescribing Behavior

Id.
Id.

Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, A Response to Doctor-Shopping: 
Purpose, Effectiveness, and Directions for Future Research

https://doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2011.654046