id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
iiclr-25076	Hess, Olivia A.	Ready to Bridge the Disconnect: Implementing England and Wales' Coercive Control Model for Criminalizing Domestic Abuse in the United States	2021	66	.pdf	application/pdf	32382	1325	41	Part III goes on to compare the respective approaches of the United States and the United Kingdom, discussing the similarities and differences between the two; dissecting each framework’s strengths and weaknesses in bridging, or perpetuating, the domestic abuse disconnect; and analyzing the implications of each jurisdiction’s approach on the experiences of domestic violence victims. Statutory Guidance, supra note 94, at 5; Serious Crime Act 2015, c. 9, § 76(1)(b) (UK); 2020] READY TO BRIDGE THE DISCONNECT 407 This personal connection element and its limited scope regarding former intimate partners who are not cohabiting at the time of the coercive control aims to distinguish the coercive control offense from stalking and harassment offenses.149 Section 76’s Guidance explains that in cases where the coercive or controlling behavior occurs when both (1) the parties are no longer in a relationship, and (2) they are not cohabiting, offenses of stalking and harassment are more appropriate than the coercive control offense.150 By limiting the recognized personal connections in the context of former intimate partners only to those who are still cohabiting at the time of the behavior this way, Section 76 places coercive or controlling behavior occurring post-separation, which occurs all too often, outside the scope of the coercive control offense.151 Though harassment or stalking offenses under the Protection Against Harassment Act 1997 technically apply to victims experiencing post-separation domestic abuse, judicial interpretations of the requisite “course of conduct” under those offenses has severely limited the applicability of the 1997 Act to these particular victims, giving rise to the rationale for creating Section 76 in the first place.152 Consequently, neither Section 76 nor the 1997 Act are effectively providing comprehensive protection to domestic violence victims who experience coercive or controlling behavior while separated from an ongoing, intimate relationship with the perpetrator.	cache/iiclr-25076.pdf	txt/iiclr-25076.txt