id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
inlawrev-27137	Sokolowski, Thomas B.	Can Criminals Reshaped Environmental Law? An Analysis of McGirt and its Implications on Regulating the Environment	2023	21	.pdf	application/pdf	9438	576	57	Thus, the federal government, and not the states, is responsible for implementing federal environmental regulations within Indian Country.30 The federal government can, however, delegate the authority to implement these laws in Indian Country to Indigenous tribes or to states.31 Not to be overlooked, the United States also interacts with Indian tribes through treaties, pursuant to the Treaty Clause.32 Ratified by the Senate, these treaties are the supreme law of the land per the Supremacy Clause, and therefore preempt conflicting state laws.33 The Constitution and these treaties form the basis of what is commonly characterized as a “trust relationship” between the federal government and Indian tribes; the federal government is in a trustee position and Indian tribes are in a trust beneficiary position.34 While Indigenous peoples often view these treaties as “sacred, often familial arrangements that cannot be broken,” Congress approaches the treaties as legislation that can be “unilaterally abrogated. Consequently, Congress reserves for itself the power to abrogate treaties, and thus the power to abrogate Indian treaty rights.36 Treaties, along with the Supreme Court’s interpretations of treaties, have been critical to establishing or diminishing many of the rights that Indian tribes have regarding protecting the environment and relating to the land.37 B. Jurisdiction of Muscogee (Creek) Nation on Environmental Regulations The jurisdictional blueprint for tribal environmental regulation is based on federal Indian law doctrine, which is “as incoherent as it is complicated,” and is often described as a “maze.	cache/inlawrev-27137.pdf	txt/inlawrev-27137.txt