id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
inlawrev-3587	Blair, Margaret M.	The Economics of Post-September 1 1 Financial Aid to Airlines	2003	30	.pdf	application/pdf	15707	702	56	To the extent that there are network externalities in hub-and-spoke systems, a decline in service into and out of a hub by one airline may have spillover costs to other airlines that serve that hub. But because the upfront costs of establishing a hub can be high, hub operations have generally been assumed to create barriers to entry to other airlines, which some economists believe make it possible for hub-and-spoke operators to charge a hub premium,— a ticket price for trips routed through the hub that is higher than it otherwise would be because oflack ofadequate competition by non hub-and-spoke operators serving that same origin and destination point.	cache/inlawrev-3587.pdf	txt/inlawrev-3587.txt