Indiana Law Review Indiana law Pm6icpJ Colkcim NOV 2 01987 SCHOOL OF UW-i*IDPLS. LIBRARY Volume 20 No. 4 1987 ARTICLE Dun & Bradstreetf Inc, v, Greenmoss Builders, Inc, Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. V. Hepps, and Speech on Matters of Public Concern: New Directions in First Amendment Defamation Law Don Lewis NOTES The Retroactive Effect of Wilson v, Garcia Frequent Flyer Benefits: Substantive and Procedural Tax Consequences A Time to be Born and a Time to Die: A Pregnant Woman's Right to Die Surrogate Motherhood Legislation: A Sensible Starting Point The Master'sTools Fine tools. In the hands of a master they can shape a quality instrument, bring life to a slab of stone or coax a new rose from a handful of earth. You find masters in every profession. They're the ones at the top or on their way. They've mastered their craft and the tools they use. For an attorney, those tools are on the shelves of his library. That's where you'll find Corpus Juris Secundum. 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INDIANA LAW REVIEW INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW-INDIANAPOLIS 735 West New York Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 Subscription Rates (one year): Regular, $18.00; Foreign, $21.50; Survey, $10.00; Single Issue, $5.00 Indiana La^v Revieiv We are pleased to announce that Volume 21, Number 1 1987 Survey of Recent Developments in Indiana Law will be available in February, 1988 Price $12.00 Send orders to Indiana Law Review Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis 735 W. New York Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 The Board of Editors of the Indiana Law Review expresses its appreciation to Professor Thomas Allington for his invaluable production assistance. Indiana Laiiv Revieiv Volume 20 1987 Number 4 Copyright © 1987 by the Trustees of Indiana University TABLE OF CONTENTS Article Dun & Bradstreety Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc., Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. v. Hepps, and Speech on Matters of Public Concern: New Directions in First Amendment Defamation Law Don Lewis 767 Notes The Retroactive Effect of Wilson v. Garcia 795 Frequent Flyer Benefits: Substantive and Procedural Tax Consequences 823 A Time to be Born and a Time to Die: A Pregnant Woman's Right to Die 859 Surrogate Motherhood Legislation: A Sensible Starting Point . . 879 Volume 20 Fall 1987 Number 4 The INDIANA LAW REVIEW (ISSN 0090-4198) is the property of Indiana University and is published quarterly by the Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis, which assumes complete editorial responsibility thereof. Subscription rates: one year $18.00; foreign $21.30. Please notify us one month in advance of any change in address and include both old and new addresses with zip codes to ensure delivery of all issues. Send all correspondence to Editorial Assistant, Indiana Law Review, Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis, 735 West New York Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202. Publication ofHce: 735 West New York Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202. Second class postage paid at Indianapolis, Indiana 46201. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to INDIANA LAW REVIEW. 735 West New York Street. Indianapolis. Indiana 46202. Indiana Lavk" Revieiv Volume 20 1987 Editor-in-Chief Gayle Reindl Executive Editors Articles and Production Notes and Topics John Joseph Tanner Richard Allen Kempf Articles Editors Don Anderson Ronald d'Avis Elaine M. Chaney Mary Dreyer Victoria J. Kincke Business Editor Barbara Arnold Harcourt Note and Development Editors Denise Clare Andresen Laura S. Reed Joseph Wayne Foye Carla Cowles van Dongen James C. McKinley James E. Utterback Associate Editors Timothy Shawn Durham Scott S. Morrisson Mark Eiler Flexter Lannette J. Moutos Paul D. Fredrick Jeffrey James Neal John R. Gaskin Reed S. Oslan Thomas R. Haley III Scot W. Overdorf Alan D. Hutchinson Nana M. Quay-Smith James D. Johnson Marcia Cox Templeton Lori F. Kaplan Linda Walker Cheryl Knodle Judy L. Woods Kathleen Pollock Mills Christopher B. Young 1 Editorial Assistant Amy Morrison Grubbs Faculty Advisor Paul J. Galanti Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis 1986-87 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS AND FACULTY Administrative Officers John W. Ryan, Ph.D., President of the University Gerald L. Bepko, L.L.M., Vice-President Jeffrey W. Grove, J.D., Acting Dean James F. Bindley, J.D., Assistant Dean for Administration G. Kent Frandsen, J.D., Associate Dean for Student Affairs James W. Tork^, J.D., Associate Dean for Academic Affairs Faculty Thomas B. Allington, Professor. B.S., University of Nebraska, 1964; J.D., 1966; LL.M., New York University, 1971. Edward P. Archer, Professor. B.M.E., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1958; J.D., Georgetown University, 1962; LL.M., 1964. James F. Bailey, III., Associate Professor and Director of Law Library. A.B., University of Michigan, 1961; J.D.. 1964; M.A.L.S., 1970. James F. Bindley, Assistant Dean for Administration and Director of Placement & Develop- ment, B.A., Loyola University, 1969; J.D., University of Kentucky, 1972. Paul N. Cox, Professor. B.S., Utah State University, 1971; J.D., University of Utah, 1974; LL.M., University of Virginia, 1980. Clyde Harrison Crockett, Professor. A.B., University of Texas, 1962; J.D., 1965; LL.M., University ofLondon (The London School of Economics and Political Science), 1972. Debra a. Falender, Professor. A.B., Mount Holyoke College, 1970; J.D., Indiana Univer- sity, 1975. G. Kent Frandsen, Associate Deanfor Student Affairs andAssociate Professor. B.S., Bradley University, 1950; J.D., Indiana University, 1965. David A, Funk, Professor. A.B., College of Wooster, 1949; J.D., Case Western Reserve Univer- sity, 1951; M.A., The Ohio State University 1968; LL.M., Case Western Reserve Univer- sity, 1972; LL.M., Columbia University, 1973. Paul J. Galanti, Professor. A.B., Bowdoin College, 1960; J.D., University of Chicago, 1963. Helen P. Garfield, Professor. B.S.J. , Northwestern University, 1945; J.D., University ofCol- orado, 1967. Harold Greenberg, Associate Professor. A.B., Temple University, 1959; J.D., University of Pennsylvania, 1962. Jeffrey W. Grove, Acting Dean. A.B., Juniata College, 1965; J.D., George Washington University, 1969. Willla.mF. Harvey, CarlM. Gray Professor ofLaw. A.B., University ofMissouri, 1954; J. D., Georgetown University, 1959; LL.M., 1961. W. William Hodes, Professor. A.B., Harvard College 1966; J.D., Rutgers Newark, 1969. Lawrence A. Jegen, III., Thomas F. Sheehan Professor of Tax Law and Policy, 1982. A.B., Beloit College, 1956; J.D., The University of Michigan 1959; M.B.A., 1960, LL.M., New York University, 1963. Henry C. Karlson, Professor. A.B., University of Illinois, 1965; J.D., 1968; LL.M., 1977. WiLLLVM Andrew Kerr, Professor. A.B., West Virginia University, 1955. J.D., 1957, LL.M., Harvard University, 1958; B.D., Duke University, 1968. Eleanor D. Kinney, Assistant Professor. A.B., Duke University, 1969; M.A., University of Chicago, 1970; J.D., Duke University, 1973. Walter W. Krieger, Associate Professor. A.B., Bellarmine College, 1959; J.D., University of Louisville, 1962; LL.M., George Washington University, 1969. David P. Leonard, Associate Professor. B.A., University of California at San Diego, 1974; J.D., UCLA School of Law, 1977. Robin Paul Malloy, Assistant Professor. B.S., Purdue University, 1971; J.D., University of Florida, 1980; LL.M., University of Illinois, 1983. William E. Marsh, Professor. B.S., University of Nebraska, 1965; J.D., 1958. SusANAH M. Mead, Associate Professor. B.A., Smith College, 1969; J.D., Indiana University, 1976. Mary H, Mitchell, Associate Professor. A.B., Butler University, 1975; J.D., Cornell Law School, 1978. David R. Papke, Associate Professor. A.B., Harvard College, 1969; J.D., Yale Law School, 1973; M.A. in American Studies, Yale University, 1973; Ph.D. in American Studies, The University of Michigan, 1984. Ronald W. Polston, Professor. B.S., Eastern Illinois University, 1953; LL.B., University of Illinois, 1958. Kenneth M. Stroud, Professor. A.B., Indiana University, 1958; J.D., 1961. James W. Torke, Acting Associate Dean. B.S., University of Wisconsin, 1963; J.D., 1968. Joe a. Tucker, Assistant Professor, B.A., Houston, 1977; J.D., University of Texas, 1981. James Patrick White, Professor ofLaw. A.B., University of Iowa, 1953; J.D., 1956; LL.M., George Washington University, 1959. Lawrence P. Welkins, Professor. B.A., The Ohio State University, 1968; J.D., Capital Univer- sity Law School, 1973; LL.M., University of Texas School of Law, 1974. Mary Wolf, Visiting Assistant Professor ofLaw, B.A., Saint Xavier College, 1969; J.D., Univer- sity of Iowa College of Law, 1974. Harold R. Woodard, Professorial Lecturer. B.S., Harvard University, 1933; J.D., 1936. Emeriti Agnes P. Barrett, Associate Professor Emeritus. B.S., Indiana University, 1942; J.D., 1964. Cleon H. Foust, Professor Emeritus. A.B., Wabash College, 1928; J.D., University ofArizona, 1933. John S. Grimes, Professor of Jurisprudence Emeritus. A.B., Indiana University. 1929; J.D., 1931. Melvin C. Poland, Cleon H. Foust Professor ofLaw Emeritus, B.S. Kansas State University, 1940; LL.B., Washburn University, 1949; LL.M., The University of Michigan, 1950. R. Bruce Townsend, Cleon H. Foust Professor ofLaw Emeritus, A.B., Coe College, 1938; J.D., University of Iowa, 1940. Legal Writing Instructors Jeffrey Been, A.B., Wabash College, 1981; J.D., Indiana University, 1984. Michael Mullett, Lecturer. B.A., University of Michigan, 1966; M.A., 1973; J.D., Indiana University, 1982. Vickie Renfrow, Lecturer. B.A., University of Northern Iowa, 1970; M.A., 1971; Ph.D., Indiana University, Bloomington, 1976; J.D., Indiana University, Bloomington, 1981. Joan Ruhtenberg, Lecturer. B.A., Mississippi University for Women, 1959; J.D., Indiana University, 1980. Law Library Staff Terri Lea Hardin, Affiliate Librarian, B.A., Indiana University, 1982; M.L.S., 1983. Mary P. Hudson, Assistant Librarian, B.A., Ball State, 1969; M.L.S., Indiana Universtiy, 1973. Wendell E. Johnting, Technical Services Librarian. A.B., Taylor University, 1974; M.L.S., Indiana University, 1975. Constance Matts, Associate Librarian, B.A., Case Western Reserve University, 1973; M.S.L.S., Case Western Reserve University, 1974; M.A.I.R., Creighton University, 1976. KiyoshiOtsu, Assistant Librarian, Parkland College, A.A., 1976; A. B., University ofIllinois, 1980; M.S., 1982; C.A.S., 1983.