Indiana Law Review olume 24 No. 3 1991 r% 1!M^V[ ./ ^ 1990 SURVEY OrWCETfDEVELOPMENTS IN INDIANA LAW CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE Chief Justice Randall T. Shepard Anne Slaughter Andrew Karon Arnold-Hatleli Bruce G. Berner Robert F. Blomquist Ivan Bodensteiner Douglass G. Boshkoff Gory Brundage Jeffrey P. Glaflin Doreen Denega Elizabeth A. DuSold Debra Farmer Kristen Fruewald Harold Greenberg Lawrence A. Jegen, III Catherine Kling Walter W. Krieger Rosalie Berger Levinson John R. Maley Mitzi Martin Todd M. Merman Marcia Oddi William Popkin Ellen Quigley Peter Racher John Render Michael Ruppert John Trimble Ruth Vance David E. Vandercoy John Vargo Mary Jo Hunter Wedding Thomas M. Weinland Geri J. Yonover ARTICLE Indiana's Medical Malpractice Act: Results of a Three-Year Study Eleanor D. Kinney William P. Gronfein Thomas P. Gannon Career Move. No doubt you plan to start a successful legal career soon, so here's a tip: Start reading Law Week now. While you're still in law school. Why? 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Find relevant articles instantly Search the full text ofarticles using descriptive words, titles, author*s names, topics or any combination. Whenyouwant to knowwhat the experts say on your subjea, turn to WESTLAW. Find out more by contacting your West Sales Representative or by calling 1-800-328-0109 (or 0-612-688-3654 collect in MN). WESTLAW. Key Number Power. A Winning Tradition. © 1990 West Publishing Company 9204-8B/1-90 WESTLAW Please enter my subscription to the INDIANA LAW REVIEW NAME ADDRESS Enclosed is $ Bill me for _ Mail to: for subscriptions. subscriptions. INDIANA LAW REVIEW INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW -INDIANAPOLIS 735 West New York Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 Subscription Rates (one year): Regular, $22; Foreign, $25 (4 issues) Single Issue, $7; Survey Issue $15.00 ^ Indiana Laii^ Revieir Volume 24 1991 Number 3 Copyright © 1991 by the Trustees of Indiana University TABLE OF CONTENTS Survey I. Foreword Indiana Law, the Supreme Court, and a New Decade Chief Justice Randall T. Shepard 499 II. Administrative Law Administrative Law: When Agencies Don't Play By the Rules Jeffrey D, Claflin Karon Arnold-Hatleli Peter M. Racher 523 III. Business and Commercial Law Bankruptcy in the Seventh Circuit: 1989-1990 Douglass G. Boshkoff 551 Recent Developments in Contract and Commercial Law Harold Greenberg 573 IV. Civil Procedure Recent Developments in Indiana Civil Procedure Catherine A. Kling 601 1990 Federal Practice and Procedure Update for the Seventh-Circuit Practitioner John R. Maley 631 V. Constitutional Law Recent Developments in Civil Rights Ivan Bodensteiner 675 Constitutional Law: Nude Dancing and Political Speech as Protected Expression — The Scope of the Due Process Guarantee Rosalie Berger Levinson 697 VI. Criminal Law and Procedure Survey of Recent Developments in Indiana Criminal Law and Procedure Bruce G. Berner David E. Vandercoy 123 yyj The entire text of this Law Review is printed on recycled paper. a^ ( 1,^- VII. Enyironmental Law Seller Beware: The Indiana Responsible Property Transfer Law Anne Slaughter Andrew Elizabeth L. DuSold 761 The Evolution of Indiana Environmental Law: A View Toward the Future Robert F. Blomquist 789 Environmental Rulemaking in Indiana: The Impact of the Substantial Difference Requirement on Public Input Marcia J. Oddi 845 VIII. Evidence Recent Developments in Indiana State and Federal Evidence Law Ellen White Quigley Mary Jo Hunter Wedding 865 IX. Family Law Survey of Recent Development in Family Law Debra L. Farmer 901 X. Health Care Law Health Care Law: A Survey of Recent Developments Doreen Denega John C. Render 915 XL Insurance Law Survey of Recent Developments in Insurance Law John C. Trimble 939 XII. Labor and Employment Law Survey of Recent Developments in Indiana Employment Law Mitzi H. Martin Todd M, Nierman 951 Recent Developments in Worker's Compensation Ruth C. Vance 975 XIII. Professional Responsibility Recent Developments in Professional Responsibility Cory Brundage 1015 XIV. Property and Estates Notice to Creditors—Publication is No Longer Enough Kristen G. Fruewald 1045 Recent Developments in Property Law Walter W. Krieger 1065 XV. Social Security and Public Welfare Law Developments in Social Security Law Michael G. Ruppert Thomas M. Weinland 1109 XVL Taxation Developments in Indiana Tax Law: Further Refinements of the Indiana Tax Court's Jurisdiction, and the Attack on Indiana's Property Tax System Lawrence A. Jegen, III John R. Maley 1125 XVII. Indiana Statutory Interpretation Statutory Interpretation in State Courts—A Study of Indiana Opinions William D. Popkin 1155 XVIII. Torts Strict Liability for Products: An Achievable Goal John Vargo 1197 Recent Developments in Tort Law Geri J. Yonover 1245 Article Indiana's Medical Malpractice Act: Results of a Three- Year Study Eleanor D. Kinney William P. Gronfein Thomas P. Gannon MIS Volume 24 1991 Number 3 Indiana L,a^v Revievi^ Volume 24 1991 Editor-in-Chief Angela K. Wade Executive Managing Editor Kathleen A. Hash Executive Editor Executive Editor Articles Notes and Topics Edwin J. Broecker Laura E. Steinfeld Articles Editors Note Development Editors Annette T. Brogden Janet S. Dowling Larry L. Morris S. Daniel Harbottle Natalee A. Roknich Lori Carver Praed Michele B. Sowers Jeffrey W. Short Suzann M. Weber Elizabeth L Van Tassel Jay A. Ziemer Jill E. Workman Associate Editors \ Matthew J. Becker Janet Marin Robert T. Buday Derek J. Meyer Joseph G. Eaton James R. Meyer, Jr. Christopher J. Franzmann David D. Robinson Katharine M. Gardner Curtis E. Shirley Sandra L. Gosling James R. Taylor William Hammel Stephen P. Ullrich Jeffrey G. Jackson Catherine R. Urban Jan K. Keefer Gail M. Valentine Elizabeth H. Knotts Mark A. Voigtmann Michael B. McNeil John W. Woodard, Jr. Editorial Assistant Amy Morrison Grubbs Faculty Advisor Debra A. Falender Many special thanks to: Jan Blaising, Frank Capozza, Rolanda Haycox, and Courtney Stillman, who unselfishly performed as Articles Editors for this issue and voluntarily provided needed assistance. Volume 24 Board of Editors Indiana Law REvmw (ISSN 0090-4198) Published four times a year by Indiana University. Editorial and Business Offices are located at: Indiana Law Review 735 W. New York Street Indianapolis, IN 46202 (317) 274-4440 Subscriptions. The current subscription rates are $22.00 per four-issue volume (domestic mailing) and $25.00 (foreign mailing). Unless the Business Office receives notice to the contrary, all subscriptions will be renewed automatically. Address changes must be received at least a month prior to publication to ensure prompt delivery and must include old and new addresses and the proper zip code. Single and Back Issues. Current single regular issues may be obtained from the Law Review Business Office for $7.00. Current Survey issues may be purchased for $15.00. Please enclose payment with order. Complete sets and single issues of prior volumes are also available from the Law Review Business Office. Unless a claim is made for nonreceipt of issues within one year of the mailing date, we cannot guarantee supplying the issues without charge. Manuscripts. The Indiana Law Review invites submission of unsolicited manuscripts. All citations should conform to A Uniform System of Citation (14th ed. 1986). Manuscripts should be triple-spaced with wide margins. The Indiana Law Review^ as a matter of policy, promotes the use of gender-neutral language, and alternate use of the female or male pronoun is intended to refer to both female and male. Copyright. All articles Copyright 1991 by The Trustees of Indiana University, ex- cept where otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. Opinions expressed are those of the contributor and are not presented as the views of the Indiana Law Review^ its editors, or Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis. Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis 1990-91 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS AND FACULTY Administrative Officers Thomas M. Ehrlich, President of the University and Professor of Law. LL.B., Harvard University. Gerald L. Bepko, Vice-President, Indiana University; Chancellor, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis and Professor of Law. J.D., IIT/Chicago-Kent College of Law; LL.M., Yale University. Norman Lefstein, Dean and Professor of Law. LL.B., University of Illinois; LL.M., Georgetown University. Thomas B. Allington, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Professor of Law. J.D., University of Nebraska; LL.M., New York University. Arlene G. Anderson, Assistant Dean for Student Affairs. J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. JoNNA M. Kane, Assistant Dean for Administration. J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. JoNi D. Thompson, Assistant Dean for Development. M.S., Ball State University. Angela M. Espada, Director of Admissions. J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Faculty Thomas B. Allington, Associate Dean and Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska; LL.M., New York University. Edward P. Archer, Professor of Law. B.M.E., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University. James F. Bailey, III., Professor of Law and Director of Law Library. A.B., J.D., M.A.L.S., University of Michigan. Gerald L. Bepko, Vice President, Chancellor and Professor of Law. B.S., Northern Illinois University; J.D., IIT/Chicago-Kent College of Law; LL.M., Yale University. Paul N. Cox, Professor of Law. B.S., Utah State University; J.D., University of Utah; LL.M., University of Virginia. Clyde Harrison Crockett, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., University of Texas; LL.M., University of London (The London School of Economics and Political Science). Debra a. Falender, Professor of Law. A.B., Mount Holyoke College; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Margaret M. Frisbie, Visiting Assistant Professor of Law. B.S., Northwestern University; J.D., University of Kentucky. David A. Funk, Professor of Law. A.B., College of Wooster; J.D., Case Western Reserve University; M.A., The Ohio State University; LL.M., Case Western Reserve University; LL.M., Columbia University. Paul J. Galanti, Professor of Law. A.B., Bowdoin College; J.D., University of Chicago. Helen P. Garfield, Professor of Law. B.S.J. , Northwestern University; J.D., University of Colorado. Harold Greenberg, Professor of Law. A.B., Temple University; J.D., University of Pennsylvania. Jeffrey W. Grove, Professor of Law. A.B., Juniata College; J.D., George Washington University. Frances W. Hardy, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law. B.S., Ball State University; J.D., Indiana University-IndianapoHs. William F. Harvey, Carl M. Gray Professor of Law. A.B., University of Missouri; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University. Paul T. Hayden, Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., Yale University; J.D., University of California, Los Angeles. W. WiLLLVM Hodes, Professor of Law. A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Rutgers Newark.* Lisa C. Ikemoto, Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., University of California, Los Angeles; J.D., University of California, Davis; LL.M., Columbia University. Lawrence A. Jegen, III., Thomas F. Sheehan Professor of Tax Law and Policy. A.B., Beloit College; J.D., M.B.A., The University of Michigan; LL.M., Harvard University. Henry C. Karlson, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., LL.M., University of Illinois. WiLLLAM Andrew Kerr, Professor of Law. A.B., West Virginia University; J.D., LL.M., Harvard University; D.B., Duke University. Eleanor D. Kinney, Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Law and Health. B.A., Duke Universty; M.A., University of Chicago; J.D., Duke University; M.P.H., University of North CaroUna. Walter W. Krieger, Associate Professor of Law. A.B., Bellarmine College; J.D., University of Louisville; LL.M., George Washington University. Norman Lefstein, Dean and Professor of Law. LL.B., University of Illinois; LL.M., Georgetown University. David P. Leonard, Professor of Law. B.A., University of California at San Diego; J.D., University of California, Los Angeles.** Deborah McGregor, Lecturer in Law. B.A., University of Evansville; J.D., Georgetown University. William E. Marsh, Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska. SusANAH M. Mead, Professor of Law. B.A., Smith College; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis . MiRA MiHAJLOViCH, Lecturer in Law. B.A., Indiana University; M.P.A., University Texas; J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Mary H. Mitchell, Professor of Law. A.B., Butler University; J.D., Cornell Law School. James P. Nehf, Assistant Professor ofLaw. B.A., Knox College; J.D., University of North Carolina. Thomas R. Newby, Lecturer in Law. A.B., J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. KiMBERLY E. O'Leary, CUnical Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., Oberlin College; J.D., Northwestern University. David R. Papke, Professor of Law and American Studies. A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Yale University; M.A., in American Studies, Yale University; Ph.D. in American Studies, The University of Michigan. Ronald W. Polston, Professor ofLaw. B.S., Eastern Illinois University; LL.B., University of Illinois. Joan M. Ruthenberg, Director of Legal Writing. B.A., Mississippi University for Women; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis David E. Sorkin, Lecturer in Law. B.S. Bus., B.A., Indiana University; J.D., Harvard Law School. Kenneth M. Stroud, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. James W. Torke, Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Wisconsin. James Patrick White, Professor ofLaw and Consultant on Legal Education to the American Bar Association. A.B., University of Iowa; J.D., LL.M., George Washington University. Lawrence P. Wilkins, Professor of Law. B.A., The Ohio State University; J.D., Capital University Law School; LL.M., University of Texas. Mary T. Wolf, Director of Clinical Programs. B.A., Saint Xavier College; J.D., University of Iowa College of Law. Emeriti Agnes P. Barrett, Associate Professor Emerita. B.S., J.D., Indiana University. Cleon H. Foust, Professor Emeritus. A.B., Wabash College; J.D., University of Arizona. ,JoHN S. Grimes, Professor of Jurisprudence Emeritus. A.B., J.D., Indiana University. Mevlin C. Poland, Cleon H. Foust Professor ofLaw Emeritus. B.S., Kamas State University; LL.B., Washburn University; LL.M., University of Michigan. R. Bruce Townsend, Cleon H. Foust Professor ofLaw Emeritus. A.B., Coe College; J.D., University of Iowa. Special Visiting Adjunct Professor Thomas F. Schornhorst, Professor ofLaw Indiana University-Bloomington. B.A., Univer- sity of Iowa; J.D., George Washington University. Adjunct Faculty Michael Brown, J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Leslie DuVall, J.D. Indiana University-Bloomington. Ralph Hall, J.D., University of Michigan. Robert Hartley, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Grant Hawkins, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Thomas Henry, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. SwADESH Kalsi, LL.M., Gcorgc Washington University. Larry Landis, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. John Maley, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Neil Shook, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Law Library Faculty James F. Bailey, III, Professor ofLaw and Director ofLaw Library. A.B., J.D., M.A.L.S., University of Michigan. MiNDE C. Glenn, Assistant Directorfor Readers' Services. B.A., Western Michigan Univer- sity; M.L.S., Indiana University. Wendell F. Johnting, Assistant Director for Technical Services. A.B., Taylor University; M.L.S., Indiana University. Mahnaz K. Moshfegh, Acquisition/Serials Librarian. B.A., National University of Iran; M.S., Tehran University; M.A., Ball State University; M.L.S., Ph.D., Indiana University. KiYOSKi Otsu, Computer System Specialist and Catalog Librarian. A.A., Parkland College; A.B., M.S., C.A.S., University of Illinois. Terence Rose, Reference Librarian. M.L.S., B.G.S., University of Michigan. * On leave Fall, 1990. ** On leave 1990-1991.