Indiana Law Review Volume 26 No. 4 1993 1992 Survey of Recent Developments in Indiana Law Contributors to this Issue Patrick Baude Terry A. Bethel Kevin W. Betz Ivan E. Bodensteiner Douglass G. Boshkoff Kevin Brown Susan D. Burke Nancy L. Cross Rhonda L. Fuller John C. Hamilton Rolanda Moore Haycox Steven K. Huffer Lawrence A. Jegen, III Karen A. Jordan Charles M Kidd Brent Edward Kidwe11 Randal M. Klezmer Walter Krieger Neal Lewis John R. Maley George T. Patton, Jr. Thomas R. Ruge Michael G. Ruppert Richard K. Shoultz Elizabeth A. Smith Robert G. Sollo way John C. Trimble ARTICLE Origin, Development, and Current Status of Fiduciary Duties in Close Corporations: Has Indiana Adopted a Strict Good Faith Standard? John R. Van Winkle Gary R. Welsh Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/indianalawreview26493unse Career Move. 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INDIANA LAW REVIEW INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW -INDIANAPOLIS 735 West New York Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 Subscription Rates (one year): Regular, $25; Foreign, $28; Student, $17 (4 issues) Single Issue, $8; Survey Issue $17 Indiana Law Review Volume 26 1992-93 Editor-in-Chief Michael J. Mitchell Executive Managing Editor Gary C. Messplay Executive Editor Articles Amy L. Ficklin Executive Editor Notes and Topics Anne H. Murray Articles Editors Scott D. Alfree Elizabeth Sherman ( Christopher J. Dull Brent E. Kidwell Mitchel A. Mick Elizabeth A. Roberg Gary R. Welsh Note Development Editors Adel James Chareq -ox Anita Hodgson Tom Scifres Michael Ray Smith ;e Associate Editors John H. Allie Adam Arceneaux Shanda Beach Chris Belch Jeff Decker Charles P. Edwards Karen L. Fisher A Victoria Gorczyca Craig Lawson Don McGuire Catherine M. Morrison Dan L. O'Korn Ann L. Theobald Gregg M. Wallander Samantha Williams Editorial Assistant my Morrison Grubbs Faculty Advisor Debra A. Falender Indiana Law Review (ISSN 0090-4198) Published four times a year by Indiana University. Editorial and Business Offices are located at: Indiana Law Review 735 W. New York Street Indianapolis, IN 46202 (317) 274-4440 Subscriptions. The current subscription rates are $25.00 per four-issue volume (domestic mailing) and $28.00 (foreign mailing). Unless the Business Office receive? notice to the contrary, all subscriptions will be renewed automatically. Address changes must be received at least a month prior to publication to ensure prompt delivery and must include old and new addresses and the proper zip code. Single and Back Issues. Current single regular issues may be obtained from the Law Review Business Office for $8.00. Current Survey issues may be purchased for $17.00. Please enclose payment with order. Complete sets and single issues of prior volumes are also available from the Law Review Business Office. Unless a claim is made for nonreceipt of issues within one year of the mailing date, we cannot guarantee supplying the issues without charge. Manuscripts. The Indiana Law Review invites submission of unsolicited manuscripts. All citations should conform to A Uniform System of Citation (15th ed. 1991). Manuscripts should be triple-spaced with wide margins. The Indiana Law Review, as a matter of policy, promotes the use of gender-neutral language, and alternate use of the female or male pronoun is intended to refer to both female and male. Copyright. All articles Copyright 1993 by The Trustees of Indiana University, except where otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. Opinions expressed are those of the contributor and are not presented as the views of the Indiana Law Review, its editors, or Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis. Indiana Law Review Volume 26 1993 Number 4 Copyright © 1993 by the Trustees of Indiana University TABLE OF CONTENTS SURVEY I. Supreme Court Review An Examination of the Indiana Supreme Court Docket, Dispositions, and Voting in 1992 Kevin W. Betz 691 II. Americans with Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: Overview and Analysis Brent Edward Kidwell 707 III. Business and Commercial Law Bankruptcy in the Seventh Circuit: 1992 Douglass G. Boshkoff 749 Developments in Contract and Commercial Law Robert G. Solloway 761 Recent Developments in Corporation Law Elizabeth A Smith 781 IV. Civil Procedure 1992 Developments in Indiana Appellate Procedure: Of Timely Praecipes, Interlocutory Appeals, and Civility George T. Patton, Jr. 799 1992 Federal Practice and Procedure Update for Seventh Circuit Practitioners John R. Maley 817 Volume 26 1993 Number 4 ® The entire text of this Law Review is printed on recycled paper. V. Constitutional Law Recent Constitutional Decisions in Indiana Patrick Baude 853 Recent Developments in the Termination of School De- segregation Decrees Kevin Brown 867 VI. Criminal Law and Procedure Update—Criminal Law and Procedure Susan D. Burke 891 VII. Environmental Law Environmental Law: The Roles of Commerce, Citizens, and the Land in an Era of Intensifying Competition John C. Hamilton 921 VIII. Evidence Evidence: Indiana Moves Toward Adoption of the Fed- eral Rules Ivan E. Bodensteiner 965 IX. Family Law The Progression of Indiana's Family Law in 1992 Michael G. Ruppert Nancy L. Cross 977 X. Health Care Law 1992: A Year of Change for Our Health Care System Rolanda Moore Haycox 1003 Survey of Recent Developments in Medical Malpractice Law Thomas R. Ruge Rhonda L. Fuller 1023 XI. Insurance Law Survey of Recent Developments in Insurance Law John C. Trimble Richard K. Shoultz 1051 XII. Labor and Employment Law Recent Employment Law Decisions of the Seventh Circuit and the Indiana Courts Terry A. Bethel 1065 XIII. Professional Responsibility Survey of 1992 Developments in the Indiana Law of Professional Responsibility Charles M. Kidd 1097 XIV. Property Law 1992 Developments in Indiana Property Law Walter Krieger 1113 XV. Taxation 1992 Developments in Indiana Taxation Lawrence A. Jegen, HI John R. Maley 1145 XVI. Torts Survey of 1992 Developments in Tort Law Karen A. Jordan Neal Lewis 1159 Survey of 1992 Developments in the Indiana Law of Product Liability Steven K. Huffer Randal M. Klezmer 1203 ARTICLE Origin, Development, and Current Status of Fiduciary Duties in Close Corporations: Has Indiana Adopted a Strict Good Faith Standard? John R. Van Winkle Gary R. Welsh 1215 Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis 1992-93 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS AND FACULTY Administrative Officers Thomas M. Ehrlich, President of the University and Professor of Law. LL.B., Harvard University. Gerald L. Bepko, Vice-President, Indiana University; Chancellor, Indiana University- Purdue University at Indianapolis and Professor of Law. J.D., IIT/Chicago-Kent College of Law; LL.M., Yale University. Norman Lefstein, Dean and Professor of Law. LL.B., University of Illinois; LL.M., Georgetown University. Thomas B. Allington, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Professor of Law. J.D., University of Nebraska; LL.M., New York University. Arlene G. Anderson, Assistant Dean for Student Affairs. J.D., Indiana University- Indianapolis. Jonna M. Kane, Assistant Dean for External Affairs. J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Joni D. Thompson, Assistant Dean for Development. M.S., Ball State University. Angela M. Espada, Assistant Dean for Admissions. J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Faculty Thomas B. Allington, Associate Dean and Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska; LL.M., New York University. Edward P. Archer, Professor of Law. B.M.E., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University. James F. Bailey, III, Professor ofLaw and Director ofLaw Library. A.B., J.D., M.A.L.S., University of Michigan. Gerald L. Bepko, Vice President, Chancellor and Professor of Law. B.S., Northern Illinois University; J.D., IIT/Chicago-Kent College of Law; LL.M., Yale University. Robert Brookins, Associate Professor of Law. B.S., University of Southern Florida; J.D., Ph.D., Cornell University. Daniel H. Cole, Assistant Professor of Law. A.B., Occidental College; A.M., University of Chicago; J.D., Lewis and Clark College; J.S.M., Stanford Law School. Paul N. Cox, Professor of Law. B.S., Utah State University; J.D., University of Utah; LL.M., University of Virginia. Clyde Harrison Crockett, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., University of Texas; LL.M., University of London (The London School of Economics and Political Science). Debra A. Falender, Professor of Law. A.B., Mount Holyoke College; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis . David A. Funk, Professor of Law. A.B., College of Wooster; J.D., Case Western Reserve University; M.A., The Ohio State University; LL.M., Case Western Reserve University; LL.M., Columbia University. Paul J. Galanti, Professor of Law. A.B., Bowdoin College; J.D., University of Chicago. Helen P. Garfield, Professor of Law. B.S.J. , Northwestern University; J.D., University of Colorado. Harold Greenberg, Professor of Law. A.B., Temple University; J.D., University of Pennsylvania. Jeffrey W. Grove, Professor of Law. A.B., Juniata College; J.D., George Washington University. Frances W. Hardy, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law. B.S., Ball State University; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. William F. Harvey, Carl M. Gray Professor of Law & Advocacy. A.B., University of Missouri; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University. Paul T. Hayden, Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., Yale University; J.D., University of California, Los Angeles. W. William Hodes, Professor of Law. A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Rutgers Newark. Lisa C. Ikemoto, Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., University of California, Los Angeles; J.D., University of California, Davis; LL.M., Columbia University. Lawrence A. Jegen, III, Thomas F. Sheehan Professor of Tax Law and Policy. A.B., Beloit College; J.D., M.B.A., The University of Michigan; LL.M., New York University. Henry C. Karlson, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., LL.M., University of Illinois. William Andrew Kerr, Professor of Law. A.B., West Virginia University; J.D., LL.M., Harvard University; D.B., Duke University. Eleanor D. Kinney, Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Law and Health. B.A., Duke University; M.A., University of Chicago; J.D., Duke University; M.P.H., University of North Carolina. Walter W. Krieger, Associate Professor of Law. A.B., Bellarmine College; J.D., Uni- versity of Louisville; LL.M., George Washington University. Norman Lefstein, Dean and Professor of Law. LL.B., University of Illinois; LL.M., Georgetown University. Deborah McGregor, Lecturer in Law. B.A., University of Evansville; J.D., Georgetown University. William E. Marsh, Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska. Susanah M. Mead, Professor of Law. B.A., Smith College; J.D., Indiana University- Indianapolis. Mary H. Mitchell, Professor of Law. A.B., Butler University; J.D., Cornell Law School. James P. Nehf, Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., Knox College; J.D., University of North Carolina. Thomas R. Newby, Lecturer in Law. A.B., J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Leslye A. Obiora, Assistant Professor of Law. LL.B., University of Nigeria; LL.M., Yale Law School; J.S.D. Candidate Stanford Law School. Kimberly E. O'Leary, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law. B.A., Oberlin College; J.D., Northwestern University. David R. Papke, Professor of Law and American Studies. A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Yale University; M.A. in American Studies, Yale University; Ph.D. in American Studies, The University of Michigan. Ronald W. Polston, Professor of Law. B.S., Eastern Illinois University; LL.B., University of Illinois. Joan M. Ruthenberg, Director of Legal Writing. B.A., Mississippi University for Women; J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Andrew T. Soloman, Lecturer in Law. A.B., University of Michigan; J.D., Boston University. Kenneth M. Stroud, Professor of Law. A.B., J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. James W. Torke, Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Wisconsin. Joanne Orr Van Pelt, Visiting Assistant Professor. J.D., California Western. James Patrick White, Professor of Law and Consultant on Legal Education to the American Bar Association. A.B., University of Iowa; J.D., LL.M., George Washington University. Lawrence P. Wilkins, Professor of Law. B.A., The Ohio State University; J.D., Capital University Law School; LL.M., University of Texas. Mary T. Wolf, Director of Clinical Programs. B.A., Saint Xavier College; J.D., University of Iowa College of Law. Emeriti Agnes P. Barrett, Associate Professor Emerita. B.S., J.D., Indiana University. Cleon H. Foust, Professor Emeritus. A.B., Wabash College; J.D., University of Arizona. John S. Grimes, Professor of Jurisprudence Emeritus. A.B., J.D., Indiana University. Melvin C. Poland, Cleon H. Eoust Professor of Law Emeritus. B.S., Kansas State University; LL.B., Washburn University; LL.M., University of Michigan. R. Bruce Towtstsend, Cleon H. Foust Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., Coe College; J.D., University of Iowa. Adjunct Faculty Cynthia M. Adams, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Richard P. Good, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Ralph F. Hall, J.D., University of Michigan. Grant W. Hawkins, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Thomas Q. Henry, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Swadesh S. Kalsi, LL.M., George Washington University. Jon D. Krahulik, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Larry A. Landis, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Jane Magnus, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Sharon F. Murphy, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Laura C. Nehf, J.D., University of Georgia. Gary P. Price, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Thomas R. Ruge, J.D., Valparaiso University. Geoffrey Segar, J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. John R. VanWinkle, J.D., Indiana University-Bloomington. Patricia P. Wagner, J.D., Indiana University-Indianapolis. Law Library Faculty James F. Bailey III, Professor and Director of Law Library. A.B., J.D., M.A.L.S., University of Michigan. Minde C. Glenn, Assistant Director for Readers' Services. B.A., Western Michigan University; M.L.S., Indiana University. Wendell E. Johnting, Catalog Librarian. A.B., Taylor University; M.L.S., Indiana University. Mahnaz K. Moshfegh, Acquisition/Serials Librarian. B.A., National University of Iran; M.S., Tehran University; M.A., Ball State University; M.L.S., Ph.D., Indiana Uni- versity. Kiyoshi Otsu, Computer System Specialist and Catalog Librarian. A.A., Parkland College; A.B., M.S., C.A.S., University of Illinois. Terence L. Rose, Reference Librarian. B.G.S., M.L.S., University of Michigan.