Indiana Law Review Indiana Law Review Periodica! iiiectioi V^ i CP^ -•^^^sseshesesj, yoiume 37 No. 1 2003 FEB ? 2004 T'-i I I \ ARTICLES A Tangled Webb—Reexamining the Role of Duty in Indiana Negligence Actions Honorable Theodore R. Boehm Taking Ethical Discretion Seriously: Ethical Deliberation as Ethical Obligation Samuel J. Levine Fundamental Principles for Class Action Governance Alexandra Lahav Enron, Epistemology, and Accountability: Regulating in a Global Economy Erica Beecher-Monas NOTES Reemployment Rights Under the Uniform Services Employment and Reemployment Act (USERRA): Who's Bearing the Cost? Anthony H. Green A Safer Nation?: How Driver's License Restrictions Hurt Immigrants & Noncitizens, Not Terrorists Alexander L. Mounts The Untouchables: Protections from Liability for Border Searches Conducted by U.S. Customs in Light of the Passage of the Good Faith Defense m 19 U.S.C. § 482(b) Nathaniel Saylor Depecage: Embracing Complexity to Solve Choice-of-Law Issues Christopher G. Stevenson Indiana Law Review Volume 37 2003-2004 Editor-in-Chief Stephen M. Worth Executive Managing Editor Jeffrey S. Beck Senior Executive Editor Allan A. Wasson Symposium Editor Jamie B. Dameron Executive Notes Editor Jeffrey D. Preston Executive Articles Editors E. Renee Backmeyer Jared A. Simmons Articles Editors Michael A. Benefield Paula K. Davis Shelley S. Fraser Anthony H. Green J. Matt Hamish Hannah Kaufman Heidi K. Hughes Michael J. Natali Sarah L. Pierce Note Development Editors J. Michael Bowman Jessica L. Burks Kevin L. McLaren, Ph.D. Alexander L. Mounts Peter J. Prettyman C.W. Raines, III Christopher G. Stephenson Associate Editors Kevin J. Gfell Cassandra A. Giles Barbara L. Hendrickson Adam J. 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Grove, Associate Dean for Graduate Studies, Professor ofLaw, and Director, China Summer Program. A.B., Juniata College; J.D., George Washington University Law School. SusanAHM. Mead, Associate Deanfor Academic Affairs and Professor ofLaw. B.A., Smith College; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. CyntFOA Baker, Director, Program on Law and State Government. B.A., J.D., Valparaiso University. Elizabeth L. DeCoux, Assistant Deanfor Student Affairs. J.D., Mississippi College School of Law. Angela M. Espada, Assistant Dean for Admissions. J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Bloomington. Jonna Kane MacDougall, Assistant Dean for External Affairs. J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. Carol B. Neary, Director ofDevelopment. B.A., Indiana University. Shannon L. Williams, Director ofProfessional Development. B.S., Indiana University. Faculty Cynthl\ M. Adams, Clinical Associate Professor ofLaw. B.A., Kentucky Wesleyan College; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. Thomas B. AllingTON, Associate Dean for Technology and Professor of Law. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska; LL.M., New York University School of Law. Judith Ford AnSPACH, Professor ofLaw and Director, Ruth Lilly Law Library. B.S., M.L.S., Kent State University; J.D., Mississippi College School of Law. Gerald L. Bepko, Indiana University-Purdue University—Indianapolis Chancellor Emeritus, Indiana University Trustee Professor and Professor ofLaw. B.S., Northern Illinois University; J.D., ITT/Chicago-Kent College of Law; LL.M., Yale Law School. Frank Bowman, M. Dale Palmer Professor ofLaw. B.A., Colorado College; J.D., Harvard Law School. William C. Bradford, Assistant Professor ofLaw. B.A., M.A., University of Miami; Ph.D., Northwestern University; J.D., University ofMiami School of Law; LL.M., Harvard Law School. Robert BROOKINS, Professor ofLaw. B.S., University of South Florida; J.D., Ph.D., Cornell University. Kenneth D. Chestek, Clinical Associate Professor of Law. B.A., Pennsylvania State University; J.D., University of Pittsburgh School of Law. Daniel H. Cole, R. Bruce Townsend Professor of Law. A.B., Occidental College; A.M., University of Chicago; J.D., Lewis and Clark Law School; J.S.M., J.S.D., Stanford Law School. Jeffrey O. Cooper, Associate Professor ofLaw. A.B., Harvard University; J.D., University of Pennsylvania Law School. PaulN. Cox, Centennial Professor of Law. B.S., Utah State University; J.D., University of Utah College of Law; LL.M., University of Virginia School of Law. Robin Kundis Craig, Associate Professor ofLaw. B.A., Pomona College; M.A., The Johns Hopkins University; Ph.D., University of California; J.D., Lewis and Clark Law School. Kenneth D. Crews, Associate Dean ofthe Facultiesfor Copyright Management and Samuel R. Rosen II Professor of Law and Professor ofLibrary and Information Science. B.A., Northwestern University; J.D., Washington University School ofLaw; M.L.S., University of California, Los Angeles; Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles. James D. Dimitri, Clinical Associate Professor of Law. B.S., Indiana University; J.D., Valparaiso University School of Law. Jennifer Ann Drobac, Associate Professor ofLaw. B.A., M.A., Stanford University; J.D., J.S.D., Stanford Law School. George E. Edwards, Professor ofLaw andDirector, Program in International Human Rights Law. B.A., North Carolina State University; J.D., Harvard Law School. Frank Emmert, Professor of Law and Executive Director, Center for International and Comparative Law. Erstes Juristisches Staatsexamen (J.D.), University ofMunich Law School; LL.M., The University of Michigan Law School; Ph.D., University of Maastricht; Diploma, European University Institute. Nicholas Georgakopoulos, Professor ofLaw. Ptyhion Nomikis, Athens University School of Law; LL.M., S.J.D., Harvard Law School. Jeffrey W. Grove, Associate Dean, Professor ofLaw, andDirector, China Summer Program. A.B., Juniata College; J.D., George Washington University Law School. Frances Watson Hardy, Clinical Associate Professor ofLaw. B.S., Ball State University; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. John Lawrence Hill, Professor of Law. B.A., Northern Illinois University; J.D., Ph.D., Georgetown University. Lawrence A. JEGEN, III, Thomas F. Sheehan Professor of Tax Law and Policy. A.B., Beloit College; J.D., M.B.A., The University of Michigan; LL.M., New York University School of Law. Henry C. Karlson, Professor ofLaw. A.B., J.D., LL.M., University of Illinois College of Law. Robert A. Katz, Associate Professor of Law. A.B., Harvard College; J.D., University of Chicago Law School. Linda Kelly-Hill, Professor ofLaw. B.A., J.D., University of Virginia. Eleanor D. Kinney, Hall Render Professor ofLaw and Co-Director ofthe Centerfor Law and Health. B.A., Duke University; M.A., University of Chicago; J.D., Duke University School of Law; M.P.H., University of North Carolina. Andrew R. Klein, Paul E. Beam Professor of Law. B.A., University of Wisconsin; J.D., Emory University School of Law. Robert E. Lancaster, Clinical Associate Professor of Law. B.A., Millsaps College; J.D., Tulane Law School. Norman Lefstein, Professor ofLaw andDean Emeritus. LL.B., University ofIllinois College of Law; LL.M., Georgetown University Law School. Maria Pabon Lopez, Assistant Professor of Law and Co-Director, Latin American Law Program. B.A., Princeton University; J.D., University ofPennsylvania Law School. GerardN. Maguocca, Assistant Professor ofLaw. B.A., Stanford University; J.D., Yale Law School. Allison Martin, Clinical Associate Professor Law. B.S., J.D., University of Illinois. Deborah McGregor, Clinical Associate Professor ofLaw and Assistant Director ofLegal Analysis, Research and Communication. B.A., University of Evansville; J.D., Georgetown University Law School. Susanah M. Mead, Associate Dean and Professor ofLaw. B.A., Smith College; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. Mary H. Mitchell, Professor ofLaw. A.B., Butler University; J.D., Cornell Law School. Novella Nedeff, Clinical Associate Professor ofLaw. B.A., J.D., Indiana University. James P. Nehf, Cleon H. Foust Fellow, Professor of Law, and Director, European Law Program. B.A., Knox College; J.D., University of North Carolina Law School. David Orentlicher, Samuel R. Rosen I Professor ofLaw and Co-Director ofthe Centerfor Law and Health. A.B., Brandeis University; J.D., M.D., Harvard College. Joanne Orr, Clinical Associate Professor of Law. B.S., Indiana State University; J.D., California Western School of Law. Antony Page, Assistant Professor of Law. B. Comm., McGill University; M.B.A., Simon Fraser University; J.D., Stanford Law School. H. Kathleen Patchel, Associate Professor of Law. A.B., Huntington College; J.D., University of North Carolina Law School; LL.M., Yale Law School. Florence Wagman Roisman, Michael D. McCormick I Professor ofLaw. B.A., University of Connecticut; LL.B., Harvard Law School. Joan M. Ruhtenberg, Clinical Professor ofLaw and Director ofLegal Analysis, Research and Communication. B.A., Mississippi University for Women; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. JOELM. Schumm, Clinical Assistant Professor ofLaw. B.A., Ohio Wesleyan University; M.A., University of Cincinnati; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. Anthony A. Tarr, Dean and Professor of Law. B.A., LL.B., University of Natal; LL.M., Cambridge University; Ph.D., University of Canterbury; Ph.D., Cambridge University. James W. Torke, Carl M. Gray Professor ofLaw. B.S., J.D., University of Wisconsin. Lawrence P. Wilkins, William R. Neale Professor ofLaw. B.A., The Ohio State University; J.D., Capital University Law School; LL.M., University of Texas School of Law. Lloyd T. Wilson, Jr., Associate Professor of Law. B.A., Wabash College; M.A., Duke University; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Bloomington. Mary T. Wolf, Clinical Professor of Law and Director of Clinical Programs. B.A., Saint Xavier College; J.D., University of Iowa College of Law. R. George Wright, Michael D. McCormick II Professor ofLaw. A.B., University ofVirginia; Ph.D., Indiana University; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. Emeriti Edward P. Archer, Professor ofLaw Emeritus. B.M.E., Renesselaer Polytechnic Institute; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University Law School. James F. Bailey, III, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., J.D., M.A.L.S., The University of Michigan. Agnes P. Barrett, Associate Professor ofLaw Emerita. B.S., J.D., Indiana University. Clyde Harrison Crockett, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., J.D., University of Texas; LL.M., University of London (The London School of Economics and Political Science). Debra A. Falender, Professor ofLaw Emerita. A.B., Mount Holyoke College; J.D., Indiana University School of Law—Indianapolis. David A. Funk, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., College of Wooster; J.D., Case Western Reserve University School of Law; M.A., The Ohio State University; LL.M., Case Western Reserve University; LL.M., Columbia Law School. Paul J. Galanti, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., Bowdoin College; J.D., University of Chicago Law School. Helen P. Garfield, Professor of Law Emerita. B.S.J., Northwestern University; J.D., University of Colorado School of Law. Harold Greenberg, Professor ofLaw Emeritus. A.B., Temple University; J.D., University of Pennsylvania Law School. WiLLLMvl F. Harvey, Carl M. Gray Professor ofLaw & Advocacy Emeritus. A.B., University of Missouri; J.D., LL.M., Georgetown University Law School. W. William Hodes, Professor of Law Emeritus, A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Rutgers University School of Law—^Newark. William Andrew Kerr, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., West University; B.S., Duke University; J.D., LL.M., Harvard Law School. William E. Marsh, Professor ofLaw Emeritus. B.S., J.D., University of Nebraska. Ronald W. Polston, Professor of Law Emeritus. B.S., Eastern Illinois University; LL.B., University of Illinois College of Law. Kenneth M. Stroud, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., J.D., Indiana University — Bloomington. James Patrick White, Professor of Law Emeritus. A.B., University of Iowa; J.D., LL.M., George Washington University Law School. Law Library Faculty Judith Ford ANSPACH, Professor ofLaw and Director, Ruth Lilly Law Library. B.S., M.L.S., Kent State University; J.D., Mississippi College School of Law. Mary Hudson, Reference/Circulation Librarian. B.A., Ball State; M.L.S., Indiana University. Richard Humphrey, Reference Librarian. A.A., Brewton-Parker Junior College; B.A., Georgia Southwestern College; M.L.S., University of Kentucky. Wendell E. JOHNTING, Assistant Director for Technical Services. A.B., Taylor University; M.L.S., Indiana University. ChrisE. Long, Catalog Librarian. B.A., Indiana University; M.A., Indiana University; M.L.S., Indiana University. MahNAZ K. MOSlWEGHyAcquisition/Serials Librarian. B.A., National University ofIran; M.S., Tehran University; M.A., Ball State University; M.L.S., Ph.D., Indiana University. Miriam A. Murphy, Associate Director ofLawLibrary. B.A., Purdue University; J.D., M.L.S., Indiana University—Bloomington. KlYOSHl Otsu, Computer System Specialist. A.A., Parkland College; A.B., M.S., C.A.S., University of Illinois. Indiana Law Review Volume 37 2003 Number 1 Copyright © 2003 by the Trustees of Indiana University TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLES A Tangled Webb—Reexamining the Role of Duty in Indiana Negligence Actions Honorable Theodore R. Boehm 1 Taking Ethical Discretion Seriously: Ethical Deliberation as Ethical Obligation SamuelJ. Levine 21 Fundamental Principles for Class Action Governance . . . Alexandra Lahav 65 Enron, Epistemology, and Accountability: Regulating in a Global Economy Erica Beecher-Monas 141 NOTES Reemployment Rights Under the Uniform Services Employment and Reemployment Act(USERRA): Who's Bearing the Cost? ... Anthony H. Green 213 A Safer Nation?: How Driver's License Restrictions Hurt immigrants & Noncitizens, Not Terrorists Alexander L Mounts 247 The Untouchables: Protections from Liability for Border Searches Conducted by U.S. Customs in Light of the Passage ofthe Good Faith Defense in 19 U.S.C. § 482(b) Nathaniel Saylor 275 Depecage: Embracing Complexity to Solve Choice-of-Law Issues Christopher G. Stevenson 303 Volume 37 Number 1