International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Laser Based Vibration Sensor Through Mobile

R. K. Mahapatra1,*, Shalini J. Yadav2 and Rajan Yadav2

1Department of Electronics and Telecommunication

Thakur college of engineering and technology Mumbai, India
2Student of Electronics and Telecommunication

Thakur college of engineering and technology Mumbai, India
*Corresponding Author: mail2rashmita@gmail.com

(Received 29-05-2022; Revised 22-01-2023; Accepted 19-01-2023)

Abstract

Machine condition monitoring has gained momentum over the years and becoming an

essential component in the today’s industrial units. A cost-effective machine condition

monitoring system is need of the hour for predictive maintenance. The paper presents the

design and implementation using vibration sensor, and also this system operated through

smartphones. Vibration analysis plays a major role in detecting machine defects and

developing flaws before the equipment fails and potentially damages. The concept of this

project was to detect faulty equipment in industry machine so that before damaging the

whole machine faulty equipment can be replace and improve the durability of machine.

Keywords: Vibration sensor, LDR sensor, Smartphone, Raspberry Pi.

1 Introduction

Vibration measurement using different signal processing with suitable set-up data is

a powerful tool to identify and predict failure. Conducting different vbration analysis

techniques could lead to improve Machine efficiency and availability. Monitoring the

vibration characteristics of a machine can provide the information of its health

condition, and this piece of information can be used to detect problems that might be

incipient or developing. There are two ways for analysis with contact and without

contact here this project is based on non-contact analysis. Non-contact analysis based on

laser-based vibration sensor. Usually in the contact type vibration sensing, the sensor is

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

attached to the machines or instruments in order to detect the vibration amplitude and

frequency.

Due to accessibility issues or the fact that the contact sensor adds mass to the

instrument or machine and might change its vibration characteristics, the addition of a

contact sensor is sometimes not practical in situations where precise vibration

measurement is needed or in toxic and hazardous environments. nonetheless, non-

contact analysis is more affordable, requires less human labour, and produces better

findings.

In industry, machine monitoring necessary so that every machine can function

properly and do not affect the production of plant. This project gives the solution for

this problem by checking vibration level of machine if vibration level increases it will

give alert so that faulty equipment can replace on time and production of plant can go

on.

2 Research Methodology

Non-contact vibration using a laser for structural cable health monitoring [1]. To

measure cable vibration, a non-contact remote sensing laser vibrometer is utilized. It is

now necessary for someone to gather vibration data. In the future, it will be upgraded to

Bluetooth connectivity so that it may be managed from a secure location. The accuracy

of the project can be increased by increasing the frequency. It can be modified in such a

way that all parameters such as vibration, force, and damping ratio can be observed in a

single device at the same time.

In the development of laser vibrometer [2]. the author has used the optical

triangulation principle, with the laser source, target, and detection system forming the

three vertices of a triangle. The laser beam strikes the target, and the backscattered light

is collected by the detection system. the frequency range between 0-1KHz so it can be

increased to 0-1GHz so that reading appear can be accurate.

Next the development of non-contact structural health monitoring system for

machine tools[3]. A real time structural health monitoring (SHM) is a paramount for

machining processes during machining, vibrations are always brought forth because of

mechanical disturbances from various sources such as engine, a sound and noise etc.

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

The purpose of SHM is to avoid wasteful activities to optimize profitability of

products and services to improve the information obtained about the condition of the

machine tools being used. Development of non-contact structural health monitoring

system for machine tools.

Machine condition monitoring has gained momentum over the years and

becoming an essential component in the today’s industrial units. Basic block diagram of

proposed system is shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1. Basic circuit connection

Predictive maintenance urgently requires a system for monitoring machine status that is

both affordable and effective [4,5]. Vibration that causes no damage is likewise highly

helpful [6]. Simultaneous multidimensional measurements are feasible [7].

Additionally, cable-stayed bridges are incredibly efficient [8]. In the modern world,

sensors play a significant role [9, 10].In this paper, we have developed a machine

condition monitoring system using smart phone, thanks to the rapidly growing smart-

phone market both in scalability and computational power. In spite of certain hardware

limitations, this paper proposes a machine condition monitoring system which has the

tendency to acquire data, build the fault diagnostic model and determine the type of the

fault in the case of unknown fault signatures. Results for the fault detection accuracy are

presented which validate the prospects of the proposed framework in future condition

monitoring services.

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

Results and Discussions

The basic circuit connection is shown in Fig. 2.Vibration sensor is implemented using a

laser and LDR sensor in Fig. 3 which are fixed on a wooden board in straight formation.

A tube is placed in front of LDR to block noise light.

Figure 2. Basic circuit connection

Figure 3. Basic physical circuit connection

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

Figure 4. Laser based vibration sensor output

The data of Fig. 3 is sent to Raspberry Pi, which is then displayed on default monitor.

The Raspberry Pi Code also host a local website which is used to plot value graph and

display it.

Table 1. Reading Value Obtained on Serial Monitor

IP address Sensor Output

14:44:26.567 Vibration sensor 176

The default monitor that shows real-time value which is represented in Table 1 as it

shows at very fast speed. The high-speed value recording makes this system accurate

and it makes monitoring easier.

3 Conclusions

In this paper, a vibration sensor that is used to detect vibrations in machine parts or

structures was deployed using a Laser and LDR sensor. The approach used in this paper

was non-contact based because of use of laser which is an upper hand compared to other

methods present in market to measure vibrations. With further evolution in light sensing

devices and sensors this project can gain many advantages over other methods. With

present generation technology and components this system is already accurate and can

detect very slight changes in vibrations.

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge TCET for providing us with a platform to instill

Research Qualities and providing us with a medium to share and present our ideas. We

would also like to thank our Mentor for guiding us throughout the entire journey.

Reference

[1] Mehrabi, Armin B., and Saman Farhangdoust, A laser-based noncontact vibration

technique for health monitoring of structural cables: background, success, and

new developments, Advances in Acoustics and Vibration (2018).

[2] Rawat, Aseem Singh, and Nitin Kawade, Development of laser vibrometer, BARC

Newsletter (2016) 16.

[3] Goyal, Deepam, and B. S. Pabla, Development of non-contact structural health

monitoring system for machine tools, Journal of Applied Research and

Technology, 14 (4) (2016) 245-258.

[4] Korkua, Suratsavadee, et al. Wireless health monitoring system for vibration

detection of induction motors, 2010 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power

Systems Technical Conference-Conference Record, IEEE, (2010).

[5] Gondal, Iqbal, Muhammad Farrukh Yaqub, and Xueliang Hua, Smart phone based

machine condition monitoring system, International conference on neural

information processing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, (2012).

[6] Yen, Wen-Huei P., Armin B. Mehrabi, and Habib Tabatabai. Evaluation of stay

cable tension using a non-destructive vibration technique, Building to Last, ASCE,

(1997).

[7] Kulkarni, Rishikesh, and Pramod Rastogi, Simultaneous estimation of multiple

phases in digital holographic interferometry using state space analysis, Optics and

Lasers in Engineering, 104 (2018) 109-116.

[8] Mehrabi, Armin B., In-service evaluation of cable-stayed bridges, overview of

available methods and findings, Journal of Bridge Engineering 11 (6) (2006) 716-

724.

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

[9] Mohapatra, Badri Narayan, et al. Easy performance based learning of arduino and

sensors through Tinkercad, International Journal of Open Information

Technologies, 8 (10) (2020) 73-76.

[10] Mohapatra, Badri Narayan, et al, Smart performance of virtual simulation

experiments through Arduino Tinkercad Circuits. Perspectives in Communication,

Embedded-systems and Signal-processing-PiCES 4 (7) (2020) 157-160.

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies

Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 67-74

p-ISSN 2655-8564, e-ISSN 2685-9432

This page intentionally left blank