Microsoft Word - 6. IJEIECE-530-Article Text-2199-1-15-20210527.edited by LE.docx Available online at: https://researchsynergy.org/ijeiece/ International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) ISSN 2685-4074 (Online) | 2655-9986 (Print) Volume 3 Number 2 (2021): 10-17 Corresponding author yessi.rifmasari87@gmail.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeiece.v3i2.530 Research Synergy Foundation The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari STKIP Adzkia Padang, Indonesia Abstract The research was motivated by the low development of religious and moral values (NAM) of children aged 5-6 years at Adabiah Kindergarten in Padang City. Judging from the development of NAM, many children have not been able to know religion and religious holidays. The research aims to determine the Effect of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Improving NAM Children Aged 5-6 Years. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design. The population of all children Aged 5-6 years is selected as samples of grades B1 and B2. Sampling techniques using purposive sampling techniques, using the t-test formula. Analysis of normal and homogeneous distributed data, then conducted hypothetical tests with t-test showed obtained. thitung >ttabel (2,301 > 2,048), then Ho was rejected and Ha accepted. Conclusion "there is an influence on the application of audiovisual learning media in improving nam children aged 5-6 years in Adabiah Padang Kindergarten. Keywords: Audiovisual media; Religious and moral values; experiment. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC license. INTRODUCTION Every human being definitely needs information, anytime and anywhere; every individual must seek and get new information. Moreover, the world is currently experiencing chaos due to the pandemic, namely Covid-19, because the pandemic is encouraged to do social distancing and physical distancing that results in people having to be at home continuously and prohibited from being close to each other. So inevitably, they have to do activities online or Work From Home (WFH). This online activity can be done using tools or media in the form of laptops, smartphones, and so forth, including learning activities given to early childhood at the age of 5-6 years. Since the activity must be online, we must choose suitable media, which is appropriate and attractive for early childhood in conveying the message of learning to children. Children aged 5-6 years are a group of small human beings who are in the process of growth and development; at this time, according to Wulandari et al. (in Sulaiman, 2019:53), is a very decisive age in the formation of good character attitudes, behaviors, and personalities of a child in the future. In the development of children, many aspects of development can be stimulated, one of them such as aspects of religious and moral values, this aspect of development is very important developed early. Based on the observations conducted at Adabiah Kindergarten in Padang City from January 12 to January 14, 2021, in group B1 found in the field, there are still many children on the development of religious and moral values have not developed well. The problems that researchers found during observation: 1) At the time of learning when explaining learning materials with the theme of religious holidays. There are still many children who do not pay attention to the explanations presented. So, when the teacher asks many children who do not International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 11 respond, this is because the learning media used is less attractive to the child. 2) From the development of religious and moral values, many children have not been able to know about religion. The special day of religion is also evidenced when the child is asked questions, many children do not answer about religion and the special day of his religion. This also includes the children in focus on learning because of the provision of learning materials using less varied media. Table 1. Achievement Level of Religious and Moral Value Development of Children Aged 5-6 Years Curriculum 2013 Scope of development Age 5-6 years Religious and Moral Values 1. Know the religion embraced 2. Doing worship 3. Behaving honestly, polite helpers, respect, sportsmanship, etc. 4. Keeping yourself and the environment clean 5. Knowing the great day of religion 6. Respecting (tolerance) of other people's religions Aspects of the development of religious and moral values in the STPPA PAUD 2013 curriculum aged 5-6 years consist of six indicators, but researchers only looked at two indicators. Two of them, namely; 1) know the religion embraced, 2) know the great day of religion. In the first indicator, namely knowing the religion embraced by 15 children, there are 8 children with a percentage of 53.33% whose development is less (K), 5 children with a percentage of 33.33% who are developmental enough (C), 2 children with a percentage of 13.33% good development (B). While in the second indicator, which is to know the religious holidays of 15 children, there are 7 children with a percentage of 46.67% whose development is less (K), 6 children with a percentage of 40% who have sufficient development (C), 2 children with a percentage of 13.33% who are well developed (B). Based on the above exposure, the early symptoms of developing religious and moral values in TK B1 Adabiah tend to be below. This, if left unchecked, will be feared to hinder the developmental aspects. Identification of problems, 1) Children pay less attention to teachers in explaining learning materials, 2) Children are less responsive to teachers when teachers ask questions at the time of learning, 3) Learning media is less attractive to children, 4) Giving learning using less varied media. Limitations of the problem, 1) The child is less responsive to the teacher when the teacher asks at the time of learning, 2) The learning media is less varied and unattractive to the child. The purpose of the research, to know the influence of the application of audiovisual learning media in knowing the religion embraced and knowing the great day of religion in improving the religious and moral values of the age of 5-6 years in kindergarten Adabiah Padang city. According to Arsyad (2015:141), Audio and audio-visual media are a form of learning media that is cheap and affordable. Once we buy tape and equipment such as tape recorders, almost no additional costs are required because the tape can be erased after use, and new messages can be recorded again. In addition, there are also audio materials that can be used and adjusted to the level of ability of students. Audio can display motivating messages. Audiotape recorders can also be carried everywhere. Since the tape recorder can use batteries, it can be used in the International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 12 field or places not reachable by electricity. Cassettes or audiotapes can also be used for lessons and assignments at home. This is possible because almost all students have radio tape machines. Steps - steps to apply audiovisual learning media with the help of kine master application, the first step namely: a) Preparing laptops, speakers and videos to be aired b) Pay attention to how the sitting position, make sure the learners are in a comfortable state c) At the time of inviting students to listen to the video, the teacher conveys the learning and technical objectives of learning d) Then the learners are ready to watch the video. The advantages of audiovisual media in improving religious and moral values are as follows: 1) easy-to-understand media, 2) learning media is not boring, 3) the voice on the learning media is very clear, and 4) the learning media is also easy to understand. According to Satibi (2011:7.3), religion is God's rules and revelations deliberately revealed so that people live in order, peace, prosperity, dignity, and happiness both in the world and at the end. According to Kurnia (in Ananda, 2017:25), "Religion" (Agama in Bahasa) comes from Sanskrit, "Gam" means to go. After obtaining the prefix and suffix "a" becomes "religion," which means to be the way. Therefore, it can be interpreted that religion is irrefutable teaching or something eternal. According to Satibi (2011:2.4), moral refers to the general rules of good - bad and right - wrong that apply in society at large. Concerning these rules of conduct, children are required to know, understand, and follow them. Changes in knowledge and understanding of these rules are seen as moral developments. Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Improving Religious And Moral Values Age 5-6 Years, is a self-designed media. Design audiovisual learning media created using the Kine Master application. Then in this study also researchers only looked at the application of audiovisual media in improving the development of religious and moral values at the age of 5- 6 years. This media contains about the religious and moral values of children aged 5-6 years. This media aims to provide ease in learning and provide new experiences also for children, especially in the present who are feeling this pandemic it is very easy for teachers to also communicate learning online using this audiovisual media. In-Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System article 1 paragraph (19), the term curriculum is interpreted as a set of plans and arrangements regarding the purpose, content, and materials of lessons and ways used as guidelines for the implementation of learning activities to achieve certain educational objectives. The curriculum serves as a guideline in carrying out the learning process. The curriculum is prepared for students to provide new experiences that can be developed along with their development as a provision of their lives. Previous research on learning media and techniques or methods used in improving the religious and moral values of children with different segmentation. Related to the research researchers conducted, the Application of Audio-Visual Media to Improve Children's Moral Development differs from previous studies. Research conducted by researchers here how the influence of the application of audiovisual learning media in improving the religious and moral values of children aged 5-6 years in kindergarten Adabiah Padang City. International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 13 Hypothesis: Ho: There is no influence on the application of audiovisual learning media in improving the religious and moral values of children aged 5-6 years at Adabiah Kindergarten in Padang City. Ha: There is an influence on the application of audiovisual learning media in improving the religious and moral values of children aged 5-6 years at Adabiah Kindergarten in Padang City. The research method used in this study is experimental research. According to Sugiyono (2019: 111), experimental research method is a research method conducted by experiment, which is a quantitative method used to find the influence of certain treatments on others in controlled conditions. According to Sugiyono (2011:117),, Population is a generalized area consisting of objects/subjects that have certain qualities and characteristics applied by researchers to be studied and then drawn conclusions. The research population was 75 Adabiah Padang kindergarten children, divided into five study groups. Group A 15 children. Group B1 15 children. Group B2 15 children. Group B3 consists of 15 children. Group B4 15 children. According to Sugiyono (2012: 83), the sample is a person or something taken as a sample because researchers consider that a person or something has the necessary information for International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 14 research. So as for the research samples in the research group in group B1 and B2 with 30 people in children aged 5-6 years in kindergarten B. Table 2. Lattice Instruments Influence Research Application of Audio Visual Learning Media In Improving Religious And Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years In Kindergarten Adabiah Padang City variable Indicators Observed aspects Religious and moral values Get to know the religion embraced. Observe the images contained on the worksheet and check the pictures. Knowing the great day of religion Draw the right line between a place of worship and a big day. This learning research instrument uses checklist format; checklist format in curriculum 2013 contains indicators of developmental achievement that have been set out in the daily activity implementation plan (RPPH). The checklist format containing progress indicators to measure the achievement of basic objectives and competencies set out in RPPM refers to the 2013 curriculum. Table 3. Assessment Scale with Instrument Guide Rubric. Scale Category Indicators 3 B Children can recite their scriptures and religion without help. Children can draw lines according to the picture without assistance 2 C Children can recite the scriptures and their religion with minimal help. The child can draw lines according to the image with minimal help 1 K The child can draw the line according to the picture with assistance. The child can draw the line according to the picture with assistance. Table 4. Observation Sheet Influence of The Application of Audio Visual Learning Media In Improving The Religious And Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years In Kindergarten Adabiah Padang City. No. Name Get to know the religion embraced Knowing the great day of religion B (3) C (2) K (1) B (3) C (2) K (1) 1. 2. Etc. The data collection techniques in this study were conducted in several ways. 1. Observations are made at the beginning and end stages of the research process by obtaining preliminary data, including students, teachers in managing and applying learning media. This observation International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 15 is expected to find accurate data. 2. Documentation is written documentation RPPH and documentation video about learning activities with the application of audiovisual media. The study's data analysis techniques compared the differences of two average values, so it was done with a T-test ( t-test). But before that, first, conduct a test of analysis requirements in the form of normality test and Homogeneity Test using analysis of liliefors test techniques. The research procedure is carried out in three stages, namely the preparation stage, implementation stage, and evaluation stage. DISCUSSION Based on the results of research and analysis of the data that has been described, it is necessary to discuss further the application of audiovisual learning media in improving the religious and moral values of children in accordance with predetermined indicators, namely: 1) knowing the religion embraced, 2) knowing the great day of religion. The application of audiovisual learning media is very influential in improving children's religious and moral values; the first is to know the religion embraced, related to the theory according to Hasan (2016:26) said the advantages of audiovisual media that the wearer is not boring. The use of learning media that is not boring means that the learning media used is interesting for children. This can make it easier for children to receive learning messages such as knowing the religion embraced by children can easily know what religions exist in Indonesia. The second indicator is knowing the great day of religion; according to Arsyad (2015:141), audio and audio-visual media is a form of learning media that is cheap and affordable. This also shows that audio-visual media can display messages that motivate the child, such as displaying a video that gives a learning message about knowing about religious holidays. Children will easily remember learning messages delivered through a video with voice and image elements, such as videos designed using the kine master app about religious holidays. Suppose the application of audiovisual media is maximized in the learning process. In that case, it will provide convenience for children to stimulate the development of their religious and moral values. In addition, it also provides convenience for teachers in delivering materials especially related to moral learning. The effect of audiovisual media in learning "religious and moral values" is appropriate in improving the child's morale. This child will understand the moral messages obtained through film and story, both understood through hearing or vision. The effect of audiovisual media in learning "religious and moral values" is appropriate in improving the child's morale. This child will understand the moral messages obtained through film and story, both understood through hearing or vision. As explained by Fitri et al. (2017:68), the use of audiovisual media applied by teachers as an effort to improve the development of religious and moral values of children should be designed in such a way both in terms of the selection of stories and sound as supporters to attract children to follow the learning. Use of this media continues to be used to improve the development of children every round. From the opinion of these experts related to this study, researchers will show learning media to children aged 5-6 years to see the influence of the application of the media and aims to improve the development of religious and moral values of children. By utilizing this media, it is expected that the presentation of material to children will be delivered optimally. In addition, this media within certain boundaries can also replace the role and duties of teachers. In this case, the teacher does not act as a material delivery but switches to a facilitator that provides convenience for children to learn. As for the obstacles found at the International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 16 time of the study, namely the limitations of the time given, this happens because children's learning activities during the COVID-19 pandemic are not as usual, but the research conducted remains successful. It can be concluded that after the treatment of the application of audiovisual media on the value of post-test results: "There is an influence on the application of audio-visual learning media in improving the religious and moral values of children of age 5-6 years at Adabiah Kindergarten Padang City". Viewable on chart 1. Graph 1. Pre-Test and Post-Test Hypothesis Testing Histograms in Experimental Classes and Control Classes. The learning process in religious and moral values that use audiovisual media in children aged 5-6 years involves children directly in their application. The child does not feel bored following the learning process so that the religious and moral values of the child can increase. Children do learn without pressure and continue to be eager to follow the learning process; audio-visual media is very influential in improving children's religious and moral values. CONCLUSION Choosing the right media or props, which corresponds to the material, will be very important to help improve the child's understanding to get good results later. Audiovisual media is a modern instructional media that corresponds to the development of the times, namely the advancement of science and technology. As the name implies, this medium combines audio (through hearing) and visual (through vision). By utilizing this media, it is expected that the presentation of material to children will be delivered optimally. In addition, this media within certain boundaries can also replace the role and duties of teachers. In this case, the teacher does not act as a material delivery but switches to a facilitator that is to provide convenience for children to learn. Through this media, teachers can display fairy tales or stories that are packaged in a film with the theme of religious and moral values, this aims so that the child can see, hear, understand, and then model good things such as behaving well to others, respecting the older person, loving the younger person, like to help selflessly, behave/maintain manners, be honest not to lie, do not take things that do not belong to him, and so on. Suggestion International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 3 (2), 10-17 The Influence of The Application of Audio-Visual Learning Media in Increasing the Religious and Moral Values of Children Aged 5-6 Years; An Experimental Study Yessi Rifmasari 17 In its implementation, the application of learning media is expected to pay attention to children's characteristics and the learning outcomes that children will obtain after learning with the help of media. As interesting as possible in the design of the media so that learning is not boring and interesting for children and can provide motivation to children and can be enriched again for future researchers. REFERENCE Ananda, Rizki. 2017. Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Moral dan Agama Pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Vol. 1 Issue 1. Arsyad, Azhar. 2015. Media Pembelajaran. Jakarta : Raja Rajawali Pers. Hasan, Hasmiana. 2016. Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Ketuntasanbelajar Ips Materi Perkembangan Teknologi Produksi, Komunikasi, Dan Transportasi Pada Siswa Kelas Iv Sd Negeri 20 Banda Aceh. Vol 3 No 4 diakses Oktober 2016. Oktaviani, Dina 2017. Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca permulaan Anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Salsa 7 Jurnal Rampai Bunga Vol. 3, No. 1, juni 2017 (diakses 29 januari 2020 jam 10.21 WIB). Radhiatul, Fithri. 2017. Penerapan Media Audio Visual Untuk Meningkatkan Perkembangan Moral Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di PAUD Cemara Indah Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Vol 1, No 1, Oktober 2017. Satibi H, Otib. 2011. Metode Pengembangan Moral dan Nilai-Nilai Agama. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka Sugiyono. 2011. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta. Sugiyono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta Sulaiman, Umar. 2019. Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Nanaeke Vol. 2, No. 1, Juni 2019.