International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Sciences 

ISSN 2720-9644 (print); ISSN 2721-0871 (online) 

https://journal.keberlanjutan.co.id/index.php/ijesss 

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 THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEPTION OF BEHAVIORAL CONTROL, ATTITUDE 

AND WRONGDOER STATUS ON WHISTLEBLOWING AUDITOR BEHAVIOR AT 
BALI PROVINCE'S FINANCIAL AND DEVELOPMENT SUPERVISORY AGENCY 

Volume 1 

Nomor 2 

July 2020 

Page 41-45 

Luh Gede Pande Sri Eka JAYANTI, I Nyoman SUTAPA 

Universitas Da Paz, Timor Leste 

Corresponding author: Carlos Afonso Barreto 

Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University, Indonesia 

E-mail: Ekajayanti60@gmail.com 
  

Article History: 

Received: 2020-03-15 

Revised: 2020-03-22 

Accepted: 2020-03-30 

Abstract: 

This study aims to analyze the Effect of Perception of Behavioral Control, Attitude, 

and Wrongdoer Status on Whistleblowing Auditor Behavior. The sample of this 

study consisted of Auditors of the Bali Province Certified Financial and 
Development Agency (BPKP) of 55 people. The data collection method used is 

using a questionnaire distributed to the Auditors of the Bali Province Certified 

Financial and Development Agency (BPKP). Data analysis in this study used 

multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS (Statistica Program and Service 

Solution) program. Referring to the results of the analysis, that Perception of 

Behavioral Control has a positive effect on Whistleblowing Auditors. The attitude 
has a positive effect on the Whistleblowing Auditor. Wrongdoer status has a 

positive effect on Whistleblowing Auditors. Perception of Behavioral Control, 

Attitude, and Wrongdoer Status have a positive effect on Whistleblowing Auditors. 

 

Keywords:  
Behavior Control Perception, Attitude, Wrongdoer Status, Wrongdoer Status. 

  

 Cite this as: JAYANTI, L.G.P.S.E., SUTAPA, J.I.N (2020). The Influence Of 

Perception Of Behavioral Control, Attitude And Wrongdoer Status On 

Whistleblowing Auditor Behavior At Bali Province's Financial And Development 

Supervisory Agency. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and 
Social Science, 1(2), 41-45. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v1i2.1.145 

  

 

INTRODUCTION 

Indonesia is a country located in the Southeast Asian region and also included in the category of 

developing countries. Where in terms of corruption in Indonesia is classified as high (Nabila and Handayani, 
2019). This refers to reporting published by the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) where the report is 

published in one year by an international scale organization on accountability aspects, namely Transparency 

International (TI). Corruption Perception Index (CPI) is an index that measures the perception of business 

and expert behavior towards corruption in the public sphere, namely corruption practiced by civil servants, 

government officials, and politicians. Since its publication in 1995, CPI has been used by various countries 
for reference to the state of corruption in the country if a comparison is made with other countries with the 

number of countries 168 

Research conducted by Algadri and Junaidi (2019) states that attitude also influences whistleblowing. 

Behavioral attitude is a person's positive or negative response due to behavior. Individuals who have 

confidence if an attitude can produce positive results then people can also have a positive attitude to the 

behavior and the opposite is also true, if individuals have confidence if an attitude can produce results that 
tend to be negative then the individual has a negative attitude to the behavior. 

Research conducted by Nabila and Handayani (2019) states that wrongdoer status is one that influences 

whistleblowing. According to the Cambridge Dictionary, a wrongdoer is someone who makes a mistake or 

something illegal, meaning the wrongdoer is an illegal or illegal activity carried out by someone. Referring to 

the research conducted, someone who has been held wrongdoer status or someone who has been proven to 

have committed violations or corruption, tends to produce information related to the case he is undergoing, 
meaning they tend to become a whistleblower. Error status or wrongdoer is one part of the factors that can 

encourage someone's intention to become a whistleblower. Hanif and Odiatma (2017) in their research found 

different results, namely the wrong doer's status did not produce a significant influence on whistleblowing 

behavior. 

Theory of Planned Behavior. The theory of reasoned action says if the attitude will produce the 
influence of behavior through a stage to make decisions ethically (Ajzen, 2015). Theory of planned behavior is 

a theory of reasoned action enhanced by adding the role of perceived behavioral control. Besides the theory 

of planned behavior has advantages compared to other behavioral theories, this is due to the theory of 

planned behavior is a theory of attitude that can produce identification in the belief of someone to control 

themselves against something that can arise from the consequences of other people's behavior, as a result, of 

course, this will be the difference between the behavior of a person who has a will and who does not have a 
will (Rifda et al., 2015). Theory of planned behavior has three main parts, namely the attitude to behavior 



 

International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Sciences 

ISSN 2720-9644 (print); ISSN 2721-0871 (online) 

https://journal.keberlanjutan.co.id/index.php/ijesss 

42 
 

that results in a reflection of judgment on a matter that produces profit and which does not become a profit, 

social factors that are a reaction of a thing that results from the most recent component, namely intention is 

a control system on the perception of behavior that arises to be a reflection of the past in the future (Ajzen, 
2015). 

Whistleblowing System. Whistleblower was an agency of an organization that had responsibilities 

and dared to take a conscience-based attitude. Whistleblowing is an acknowledgment that is carried out 

through someone for illegal acts, immoral acts, and illegal practices (Uys & Senekal, 2008). So that the 

whistleblowing-system is one of the systems used for the disclosure of illegal practices, have no morals, and 

violate a law that is carried out through members of every organization that arises in an organization. 
Whistleblowing-system is a system used to prevent and be able to identify acts of fraud that will arise in a 

particular organization. General system is used to detect fraud or violations of organizational members 

(Atmadja, Saputra, & Manurung, 2019; Gibson, 2018; Saputra & Sanjaya, 2019; Saputra, Subroto, Rahman, 

& Saraswati, 2020). 

Behavioral Control Perception. Smith (2009) argues if the perception of behavior control is explained 
as the perception of a person about measuring the degree of difficulty when performing an action or certain 

behavior. The dimensions contained in the perception of behavior control are one's beliefs related to one's 

sense of ability and inability to act or act. Some individuals will feel awkward in reporting actions or 

problems that occur, so this will directly lead to whistleblowing intentions so that it will indirectly carry out 

whistleblowing. Control carried out by an individual in his behavior caused by several factors, including 

internal factors and external factors (Amrullah, 2008; Maichum, Parichatnon, & Peng, 2016). The internal 
factor that is meant comes from within the person such for example a skill, a sense of will, information, and 

so forth. While external factors in question are derived from the outside or from the environment that can be 

surrounded by the person (Röttger et al., 2017; Wheeler, Demarree, & Petty, 2007; Ayalew, 2020). 

Attitudes on behavior are explained is a positive and negative feeling from someone if they are required 

to do a behavior that will be determined later. An attitude is the degree or benchmark of an individual in 
evaluating and assessing an action that is beneficial and unfavorable (Amrullah, 2008; Balushi, Locke, & 

Boulanouar, 2018; Engelland, 2014). Furthermore, a theory explained through the Theory of Planned 

Behavior states that the attitude is the amount of a feeling (affection) that can be felt by someone in 

supporting and rejecting an object that will later be faced or a feeling experienced where this can be 

measured through evaluative scales such as good and bad, agree and disagree and important and not 

important (Jayawarsa, Purnami, & Saputra, 2020; Sari, Triyuwono, Rosidi, & Kamayanti, 2015). 
Wrongdoer status. ACFE produces a definition if its status is from the value and worth of a person 

with social status. Until one can only have the status of several others who want. If mistakes and cheating 

are carried out through members of the organization who have a high position it is difficult to report by 

members with low positions. That is because people with high positions have a position and authority that 

tends to be higher which can be used as a tool for revenge on members who report it. If the higher the 

position, there will be wider opportunities for the party reported to take revenge with the party who reported 
it. The status of an organization member who is cheating and acting illegally can affect the tendency of 

whistleblowing. Cheating taken by members with high positions or top management is not easy to anticipate 

(Adib-Hajbaghery & Kamrava, 2019; Saputra, Juniariani, Jayawarsa, & Darma, 2019; Yusuf, Yousaf, & 

Saeed, 2018). 

 

METHOD 

The method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. Where the population used in this 

study is the Auditor of the Bali Province Financial and Development Supervisory Board (BPKP) which is 

certified with a total sample of 55 people. 

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

Referring to the table stated that most respondents were male with 25 people and 62.5%, while the 

least were respondents with female sex, 15 people, and 37.5%. Referring to the table stated that most 

respondents aged 31-40 years with a total of 20 people and 50.0% while the least respondents with an age of 

more than 40 years with a total of 6 people and 15.0%. Respondents aged 21-30 were 14 people and 35.0%. 

Referring to the table, the majority of respondents were dominated by respondents who worked 6-10 years 

with a total of 24 people and 60.0%, while the least were respondents who had worked for 4 people and 
10.0%. Respondents with more than 10 years of work were 12 people and 30.0%. Referring to the table, the 

majority of respondents were dominated by respondents with the most dominating S1 education, namely 20 

people and 50.0%, while the least respondents with S3 education were 6 people and 15.0%. Respondents 

with Masters Education were 14 people and 35.0%. The respondents' perceptions on the behavioral control 

perception variable with 10 statement items, attitude with 3 statement items, wrongdoer status with 3 
statement items, and whistleblowing behavior with 3 statement items are described as follows. 

Referring to the table, the behavioral control perception variable has an overall average score of 4.01, if 

it is categorized as good, the lowest score is in the statement "I have the possibility of becoming a 

whistleblower" has a value of 3.68 if it is categorized as good, while the highest score is at the statement "I 

have full control of the exclusion that I spend" has a value of 4.20 when categorized as very good. 

Referring to the table, the Attitude variable has an overall average score of 3.88 if it is categorized as good, 
the lowest score is in the statement "I have a tendency to disclose the cheating that arises" has a value of 



 

International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Sciences 

ISSN 2720-9644 (print); ISSN 2721-0871 (online) 

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43 
 

3.83 if it is categorized as good, while the highest score is on the Wrongdoer Status Variable Description 

statement Referring to the table, the wrongdoer Status variable has an overall average score of 3.82 if it is 

categorized as good, the lowest score is in the statement "As an auditor, I consider cases related to misuse of 
assets" has a value of 3.70 when categorized as good, while the highest score is the statement "As an auditor, 

I consider cases related to financial statement fraud" has a value of 3.97 is categorized as good (Adib-

Hajbaghery & Kamrava, 2019; Sujana, Saputra, & Manurung, 2020; Yadav, Balaji, & Jebarajakirthy, 2019). 

Referring to the table, the Whistleblowing Behavior variable has an overall average of 3.88 if it is categorized 

as good, the lowest score is the statement "I expect the award to be given when I do whistleblowing" has a 

value of 3.85 if it is categorized as good, while the highest score is the statement "I have personal motivation 
when disclosing fraud and whistleblowing" has a value of 3.90 is categorized as good (Atmadja et al., 2019; 

Saputra & Sanjaya, 2019; Saputra et al., 2020). 

Table 1. Multiple Linear Regression 

Coefficientsa 

 
 
Model 

Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients  
 
t 

 
 
Sig.  

B 
Std. 
Error 

 
Beta 

1 (Constant) 2,859 0,824  3,469 0,001 
Perception of 
Control 
Behavior 

 
0,068 

 
0,032 

 
0,266 

 
2,112 

 
0,042 

Attitude 0,238 0,093 0,329 2,554 0,015 
Status 
Wrongdoer  

0,284 0,107 0,372 2,665 0,011 

R 0,883 
R Square 0,780 
Adjusted R Square 0,761 

F value 42,487 
Sig. 0,000 

In the results of regression analysis as illustrated in the table, the formulation can be arranged as 

follows. 

Y = 2.859 + 0.068 X1 + 0.238 X2 + 0.284 X3 

The results of the formulation stated the number and direction of influence of each variable. The coefficient 

which has a positive sign has the same direction. Referring to the table, the coefficient can be explained as 

follows. 
The value of the constant is assumed if without the added variable perception of behavior control, 

attitude, and wrongdoer status, then the value of whistleblowing behavior will have a value of 2.859. The 

coefficient value of behavioral control perception (X1) has a positive value of 0.068, which means if X1 

(behavior control perception) an increase with the assumption of attitude, and wrongdoer status, is 

considered permanent then the whistleblowing behavior will increase has a value of 0.068 (Factor, 2018; 

Yang, Jin, & Tan, 2019). Attitude coefficient value (X2) has a positive value of 0.238, which means that if X2 
(Attitude) increases with the assumption that behavioral control perception and wrongdoer status are 

considered permanent then whistleblowing behavior will increase has a value of 0.238 (Saputra et al., 2020). 

The coefficient value of wrongdoer status (X3) has a positive value of 0.284 which means that if X3 

(wrongdoer status) increases with the assumption of behavioral and attitude control perception, it is 

considered permanent then the whistleblowing behavior will increase has a value of 0.284 (Watto, Monium, 
Ali, & Ijaz., 2020). 

The Influence of Behavior Control Perception on Whistleblowing Behavior Referring to the results of 

data analysis shows that the effect of Behavioral Control Perception on Whistleblowing Behavior is a positive 

influence. The significance value of 0.042 <0.05 indicates if H0 is rejected and H1 is given acceptance. This 

result means that the perception of behavioral control has a very positive and significant influence on 

whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province (Rifa’i, 2020). In other words, there is an increase in the 
perception of behavioral control in BPKP of the Province of Bali, there will be an increase in whistleblowing 

behavior in the BPKP of the Province of Bali, conversely, if the perception of behavioral control in the BPKP of 

the Province of Bali decreases, the whistleblowing behavior in the BPKP of the Province of Bali will 

increasingly decrease (Khanifah, Anam, & Astuti, 2017; Saputra & Sanjaya, 2019; Saputra et al., 2020). 

The significance value of 0.015 <0.05 indicates if H0 is rejected and H2 is received. This result means 
that attitude is a very positive and significant effect on whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province. In 

other words, there is an increase in attitudes towards BPKP in the Province of Bali, there will be an increase 

in the behavior of whistleblowing in the BPKP of the Province of Bali, conversely, if the attitude in the BPKP 

of the Province of Bali decreases, whistleblowing behavior in the BPKP of the Province of Bali will increasingly 

decrease (Saputra & Sanjaya, 2019; Wahyudi, Achmad, & Pamungkas, 2019). 

Referring to the results of data analysis shows that if the influence of wrongdoer status on 
whistleblowing behavior is a positive effect, this is passed from a significance value of 0.011 with a beta 

coefficient of 0.284 having a positive value. The significance value of 0.011 <0.05 indicates if H0 is rejected 

and H3 is given acceptance. This result means that the wrongdoer status is a very positive and significant 

influence on whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province. In other words, there is an increase in 



 

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wrongdoer status in BPKP of Bali Province. An increase in whistleblowing behavior in BPKP of Bali Province, 

on the contrary, if the wrongdoer status in BPKP of Bali Province decreases, the whistleblowing behavior in 

BPKP of Bali Province will decrease further (Saputra et al., 2020; Utami, Utami, & Hapsari, 2018). 

 

CONCLUSION 

Referring to the results of the research analysis and the results of the previous chapter discussion, 

conclusions can be drawn as follows: 

The perception of behavioral control has a very positive and significant influence on the level of 

whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province. This states that the better the perceived behavioral control in 
BPKP Bali Province, there will be an increase in the level of whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province. 

Attitudes greatly produce a positive and significant influence on the level of whistleblowing behavior in BPKP 

Bali Province. This states that the better the attitude in the Bali Provincial BPKP, the higher the level of 

whistleblowing behavior in the BPKP Bali Province. Wrongdoer status is a very positive and significant 

influence on the level of whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali Province. This states that the better the 
wrongdoer status in BPKP Bali Province, the higher the level of whistleblowing behavior in BPKP Bali 

Province. Referring to the conclusions above, the suggestions from this research are as follows: 

For students, this research can be used as a source of study and to manipulate research with the 

same type through the addition of several allocation variables.For BPKP auditors, the results of this study 

can be used as a basis for optimizing the whistleblowing behavior of the body. This can be done by 

optimizing the perception of behavioral control, attitude, and wrongdoer status given to each auditor. This 
can be done by producing auditors' guidance and advice as well as sharing experiences so that auditors feel 

comfortable and have attitudes and result in whistleblowing behavior will increase.For further researchers 

can add some other variables that support so they can develop research even better. The recommended 

variable is work discipline and the quality of performance that can be associated with whistleblowing. 

 
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