International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) – eISSN: 1865-7923 – Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i13.22331 Nabaa Ali Jasim (), Haider TH. Salim ALRikabi Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq hdhiyab@uowasit.edu.iq Abstract—Since the emergence of the Coronavirus and its declaration as a global pandemic, the world has changed all sectors radically. Covid-19 has caused a very strong effect on daily life and adaptation to new ways of learning, working, and communicating. The smart city is one of the most important solu- tions that enable us to go on with daily life during the pandemic and beyond. The smart city employs the current technology and smart solutions to serve the com- munity, and improve the services provided to the people, particularly in vital sec- tors such as health, education, electricity, transportation, communications, and others. This article deals with two innovative applications for the Internet of things in smart cities: The first refers to designing an intelligent health monitoring system, which aims to reduce the spread of Coronavirus infection from people to the medical staff, as well as reduce work pressure on the medical staff. The sec- ond application refers to monitoring electrical energy consumed by measuring and monitoring electrical parameters and energy consumption. In addition, it helps us to know the power line trespasser. Both systems are implemented by using sensors to gather data in real-time and then transmit it to the server. Keywords—Internet of things IoT, Covid-19, Health system, Monitoring de- vice, Power Consumption, ESP32, Raspberry Pi, MQTT 1 Introduction The population density of the world is growing very rapidly inside the urban envi- ronments, consistent with the need to facilitate the requirements of the citizen’s life in these environments [1, 2]. The idea of Smart City works in a challenging urban setting, including Infrastructure, human behavior, technology, social-political structures, and the economy are all complex systems[3-5]. A Smart City gives an intelligent way to manage the devices like transport, health, education, energy, homes and buildings, the environment[6, 7]. A structure of the smart city, consisting mainly of information and communication technology (ICT). It helps the world to develop, disseminate, and pro- mote sustainable development practices for meeting the challenges of increasing urban- ization[8-10]. By wireless sensor networks, the data are generated from these compo- nents [11, 12]. The Smart City vision is dependent on working billions of internet of things devices from a commonplace [13]. Many cities in China have got down to the 4 http://www.i-jim.org https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i13.22331 mailto:hdhiyab@uowasit.edu.iq Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things construction of the smart city, like Ningbo, Shanghai, Harbin, and Dalian [14]. The smart city is one that makes use of information and communication technologies, ser- vices, monitoring, and management more aware, interactive, and efficient. The emerg- ing Internet of Things drives and enables a city's smartness technologically [15-17]. The meaning of the internet of things is connecting everything embedded with electron- ics, software, and sensors to the internet by enabling them to collect and exchange data [18]. The main structure of IoT depends on the data sensed by sensors or actuators and sent during the gateway to the server [19-22]. Interaction in the IoT incorporates types from device to device, thing to the device or thing to think [20]. There is no single consensus on architecture for IoT, which is agreed universally because of each com- pany, organization, and user [23, 24]. It Can be divided into simple three layers in the IoT architecture, the first layer is the sensing “Perception” layer that contains a set of nodes that can be used for monitoring, sensing, gathering data, and swapping infor- mation with other objects over the Internet [25]. This information can be passed to the second layer communication “Network” layer which responsible for transmitting the data collected from the sensing layer to the application layer [26]. The main aim of responsibility is the application in itself delivers this information to the end-user or to the platform for that matter [27]. The third layer is the services of the “Application” layer aims for receiving and processing the sensing data from the lower layers depend- ing on the type of application to complete the requirements of the application [28]. This paper focuses on the implementation of two sectors of the smart city based on the in- ternet of things. 2 Literature Review Design and implementation of a framework for a smart city based on Internet of Things Applications is a topic of rising importance in numerous researches and studies. Consequently, a huge number of theoretic and experiential researches have been achieved by a lot of scholars to cover this topic. Several works and researches are in- troduced, for two applications implemented in the intelligent city based on the internet of things (IoT). Bowen and Yanjing proposed an adaptive representation and reinforce- ment learning phases, the graph embedding technique is used. By depending on a pair of real-life datasets, the results demonstrate that their system can helpfully decrease the epidemiological reproduction rate of the infection. Current technology has the potential of assisting in the early identification of COVID-19 cases [29]. To limit the spread of coronavirus, the authors have designed a system that can detect the coronavirus auto- matically from the thermal image using a smart helmet with a thermal imaging system mounted on it. The smart helmet's thermal camera technology is combined with IoT technology to monitor the screening process and obtain real-time data. Furthermore, the proposed system is equipped with facial-recognition technology and can display the pedestrian's personal information, allowing pedestrians temperature to be taken auto- matically[30]. The author Malik has used IoT-based sensors to sense the pitch of a voice and to check if the patient has abnormal fluctuations[31]. The embedded Thermal Imaging sensor also senses the temperature of a person and sends the attention to family iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 5 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things persons and the government also. In this method, the focus on deep learning techniques will help the government to screen for coronavirus infection in a large population. The automatic sensor detection and diagnosis system will help to control the spread of this virus. The author Chuyuan Wei et al presented and evaluated the information technol- ogy in building energy-saving[32]. To saving and monitoring the electrical energy for intelligent building energy monitoring. They proposed a framework system based on the Internet of Things, which has some insight into building energy consumption and can be used to achieve real-time monitoring, control, and improvement of intelligent building energy savings. A new method named Home Energy Management as a Service (HEMaaS) was proposed by the authors Chinmaya Mahapatra et al which is based on a neural network-based Q-learning algorithm. The authors proposed a self-learning and adaptive advanced Neural Fitted Q-learning method. For home energy management, the proposed method provides an agile, flexible, and energy-efficient decision-making system. In order to test the proposed method, they used a typical Canadian residential dwelling model[33]. Based on the findings, the proposed method provides a quick and feasible solution for reducing demand and conserving energy during peak periods. It also contributes to a reduction in the carbon footprint of residential buildings. By re- ducing or shifting their energy demand during peak periods, major residential dwellings can significantly reduce total energy consumption. Due to the curtailment of peak de- mand, this would assist local power distribution companies in optimizing their re- sources and maintaining low tariffs[34, 35]. Fahad Khan et al describe an IoT-based power monitoring system that can measure and analyze electrical parameters like volt- age, current, active power, and load energy consumption. To obtain real-time electrical data from consumers, the IoT-based software application ‘Thing Speak' is used. Con- sumers and electric power companies in the SG (smart grid) paradigm can effectively manage their consumption based on this data, lowering billing costs [36, 37]. 3 Proposed Work The proposed work to implement Internet of things technology in both electrical and health applications using the Internet of things is: 3.1 Proposed wireless smart metering system design The smart metering unit and monitoring module are two essential parts of the intel- ligent wireless metering scheme. The smart metering unit is represented via the sensor nodes linked with the microcontroller unit. The sensor nodes gather the data from the physical environment. The microcontroller unit transmits the data collected by the sen- sor nodes to the server through the Wi-Fi using the MQTT protocol. The server will process and visualize the data collected from the sensor nodes and present them on the platform that was designed on the server. Figure (1) shows the Proposed wireless smart metering system design. 6 http://www.i-jim.org Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things Fig. 1. The Proposed wireless smart metering system design. In figure (1) the microcontroller unit used with sensors nodes is ESP32, the sensor used is PZEM-004t.In addition, the ESP32 was connected to a relay which acts as a switch to control 220v from a microcontroller ESP32 5v. Relay is an electrically oper- ated switch that can be turned on or off, allowing the current to pass through or not. It can be controlled at low voltages like 3.3v or 5v provided by ESP32 or control high voltages such as 12v-24v or main voltage (120v,220v.230v). ESP32 Microcontroller is used in many IoT projects because It is extremely pow- erful, with a dual-core CPU that can be locked at 80, 160, or 240 MHz. in addition, it has a ULP or ultra-low power co-processor and this represents a much slower processor that can be used to achieve slighter tasks while the big dual-core CPU in a sleep mode. ESP32 has 512 KB of on-chip as RAM used for data and program instruction. Besides this, there is also support for external memory dependent on the board used. The ESP32 is capable of handling more demanding tasks such as connecting to cameras and recog- nizing speech while streaming data from the internet. The biggest reason for use ESP32 is that has built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. So, no need for additional radio modules likes on most Arduino boards. There is 12 ADC like shown in figure (2) which can be used to read external voltages. It has up to 34 programmable GPIO pins. Figure (3) shows the block diagram of the ESP32. iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 7 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things Fig. 2. The ESP32 Microcontroller Fig. 3. The block diagram of ESP32. Microcontroller ESP32 takes data from the sensor nodes by using serial data com- munication (12C protocol). PZEM-004t is an electrical device that measures electrical parameters of voltage, current, active energy, and energy measurement. Because of its ability to store data when power is cut off in addition to storing energy data accumulated before the power 8 http://www.i-jim.org Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things failure. So, it is very easy to use. The maximum current that the sensor can measure is 100A, while the AC voltage range can detect is from 80-260 V. Fig. 4. The block diagram of pzen-004t Fig. 5. The flowchart of an electrical energy management system based on IoT 3.2 Proposed monitoring system for covid-19 patients Remote monitoring of patients has become easier with the advent of the internet of things technology. This provides access to real-time knowledge of the patient’s physi- ological data such as temperature, the oxygen level in the blood, etc. iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 9 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things Fig. 6. The circuit connection between the sensors and microcontroller Figure (6) shows the connection between the control unit and the sensors through the logic level converter since the sensors operate at 3.3v while the micro-controller operates at 5v. Where the logic level converter allows changing between different logic voltage levels. The data is collected in the micro-controller after being collected by the sensors and then transferred to the server by Wi-Fi. The ML90614 device was used to measure the body temperature while the MAX30100 was used to measure the oxygen level in the blood and the number of heartbeats. 4 Results After the data reaches the server that was collected by the microcontroller via Wi- Fi, the server will procedure and imagine the data collected using the web portal that was designed on the server. For the electrical application, the electrical parameters of current, frequency, and power are measured and shown as in figure (7). Fig. 7. The measurements of the electrical parameters In Figure (8), measurements are shown in the form of a curve with time to find the amount of energy consumed with different periods. 10 http://www.i-jim.org Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things Fig. 8. The output of electrical parameters over time Likewise, readings of the electrical budget were taken if the energy was stolen com- pared to the specified value. We note in Figure (9) the time when the difference was equal to zero, meaning there was no theft, and the time at which the electric power was stolen. Fig. 9. The consumption energy As for health application, because the main symptoms that a person infected with Coronavirus are exposed to are high body temperature, tachycardia, and decreased ox- ygenation, this system monitors the health standards of the infected person and visual- ized the results in the web-portal. Figure (10) shows measurements of the health pa- rameters of a person infected with this virus. Fig. 10. Health standards for a person infected with Coronavirus iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 11 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things The measurements in Figure 10 can be compared with the measurements in Figure 11, which shows the results of health standards for a person without coronavirus. By comparing, we observe that the affected person suffers from a high temperature and a decrease in the percentage of oxygen with a slight irregularity in the heart rate compared to the uninfected person. Fig. 11. Health standards for a person not infected with Coronavirus 5 Conclusion About 10 years ago, citizens were hearing about smartphones and smart things dur- ing a series of rapid technological developments around the world. At present, the con- cept of smart cities is arising to its highest categorization and every country wants to go along with it. Where information and communication technology is extremely im- portant since the smart use of these technologies is invaluable in dealing with smart city challenges. In this paper, an Internet of things application for smart cities was presented to implement a smart monitoring system to monitor the consumed electrical energy and monitor COVID-19 patients and implement it by using sensors. 6 References [1] T. Takano, K. Nakamura, M. J. J. o. E. Watanabe, and C. Health, "Urban residential envi- ronments and senior citizens’ longevity in megacity areas: the importance of walkable green spaces," vol. 56, no. 12, pp. 913-918, 2002.https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.12.913 [2] D. J. A. r. o. e. Simon and resources, "Urban environments: issues on the peri-urban fringe," vol. 33, pp. 167-185, 2008. [3] H. Chourabi, T. Nam, S. Walker, J. R. Gil-Garcia, S. Mellouli, K. Nahon, T. A. Pardo, and H. J. Scholl, "Understanding smart cities: An integrative framework," in 2012 45th Hawaii international conference on system sciences, 2012, pp. 2289-2297: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2012.615 [4] S. P. Mohanty, U. Choppali, and E. J. I. C. E. M. Kougianos, "Everything you wanted to know about smart cities: The internet of things is the backbone," vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 60-70, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2016.2556879 [5] A.-V. Anttiroiko, P. Valkama, S. J. J. A. Bailey, and society, "Smart cities in the new service economy: building platforms for smart services," vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 323-334, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-013-0464-0 12 http://www.i-jim.org https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.12.913 https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2012.615 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-013-0464-0 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things [6] D. Washburn, U. Sindhu, S. Balaouras, R. A. Dines, N. Hayes, and L. E. J. G. Nelson, "Help- ing CIOs understand “smart city” initiatives," vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1-17, 2009. [7] O. H. Yahya, H. T. ALRikabi, R. a. M. Al_airaji, and M. Faezipour, "Using Internet of Things Application for Disposing of Solid Waste," International Journal of Interactive Mo- bile Technologies, vol. 14, no. 13, pp. 4-18, 2020.https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i13.13859 [8] A. Ojo, E. Curry, T. Janowski, and Z. Dzhusupova, "Designing next generation smart city initiatives: The SCID framework," in Transforming city governments for successful smart cities: Springer, 2015, pp. 43-67.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03167-5_4 [9] K. Vu and K. J. T. P. Hartley, "Promoting smart cities in developing countries: Policy in- sights from Vietnam," vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 845-859, 2018.https://doi.org/10.1016/j. telpol.2017.10.005 [10] P. A. Hancock, T. Kajaks, J. K. Caird, M. H. Chignell, S. Mizobuchi, P. C. Burns, J. Feng, G. R. Fernie, M. Lavallière, and I. Y. J. H. f. Noy, "Challenges to human drivers in increas- ingly automated vehicles," vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 310-328, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0018720819900402 [11] D. Ganesan, A. Cerpa, W. Ye, Y. Yu, J. Zhao, D. J. J. o. P. Estrin, and D. Computing, "Networking issues in wireless sensor networks," vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 799-814, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.03.016 [12] N. A. H. Hala A. Naman, Mohand Lokman Al-dabag, Haider Th.Salim Alrikabi, "Encryp- tion System for Hiding Information Based on Internet of Things," International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), vol. 15, no. 2, 2021.https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim. v15i02.19869 [13] A. Zanella, N. Bui, A. Castellani, L. Vangelista, and M. J. I. I. o. T. j. Zorzi, "Internet of things for smart cities," vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22-32, 2014.https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2014. 2306328 [14] Z. Lv, B. Hu, and H. J. I. T. o. I. I. Lv, "Infrastructure monitoring and operation for smart cities based on IoT system," vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1957-1962, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109 /tii.2019.2913535 [15] J. M. Hernández-Muñoz, J. B. Vercher, L. Muñoz, J. A. Galache, M. Presser, L. A. H. Gómez, and J. Pettersson, "Smart cities at the forefront of the future internet," in Future internet assembly, 2011, pp. 447-462. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20898-0_32 [16] S. Roche, N. Nabian, K. Kloeckl, and C. Ratti, "Are ‘smart cities’ smart enough," in Global geospatial conference, 2012, pp. 215-235. [17] D. Tokody, G. J. J. o. E. r. Schuster, and s. i. ICT, "Driving forces behind Smart city imple- mentations-The next smart revolution," vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1-16, 2016. https://doi.org/10. 20544/ersict.02.16.p01 [18] J. C. Talwana and H. J. Hua, "Smart world of Internet of Things (IoT) and its security con- cerns," in 2016 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), 2016, pp. 240-245: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ithings-greencom-cpscom-smartdata.2016.64 [19] A. M. Rahmani, T. N. Gia, B. Negash, A. Anzanpour, I. Azimi, M. Jiang, and P. J. F. G. C. S. Liljeberg, "Exploiting smart e-Health gateways at the edge of healthcare Internet-of- Things: A fog computing approach," vol. 78, pp. 641-658, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.future.2017.02.014 [20] J. Gubbi, R. Buyya, S. Marusic, and M. J. F. g. c. s. Palaniswami, "Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements, and future directions," vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1645-1660, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.01.010 iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 13 https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i13.13859 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03167-5_4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.10.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.10.005 https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900402 https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900402 file:///C:/Users/shrad/OneDrive/Desktop/Shraddha%202021/June/iJIM%2013/Shraddha%20Review/.%20https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.03.016 file:///C:/Users/shrad/OneDrive/Desktop/Shraddha%202021/June/iJIM%2013/Shraddha%20Review/.%20https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.03.016 https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i02.19869 https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i02.19869 https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2014.2306328 https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2014.2306328 https://doi.org/10.1109%0b/tii.2019.2913535 https://doi.org/10.1109%0b/tii.2019.2913535 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20898-0_32 https://doi.org/10.20544/ersict.02.16.p01 https://doi.org/10.20544/ersict.02.16.p01 https://doi.org/10.1109/ithings-greencom-cpscom-smartdata.2016.64 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.02.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.02.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.01.010 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things [21] A. Augustin, J. Yi, T. Clausen, and W. M. J. S. Townsley, "A study of LoRa: Long range & low power networks for the internet of things," vol. 16, no. 9, p. 1466, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091466 [22] H. Alrikabi, A. H. Alaidi, and K. J. I. J. I. M. T. Nasser, "The Application of Wireless Communication in IOT for Saving Electrical Energy," vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 152-160, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i01.11538 [23] M. Al-dabag, H. S. ALRikabi, and R. Al-Nima, "Anticipating Atrial Fibrillation Signal Us- ing Efficient Algorithm," International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE), vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 106-120, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe. v17i02.19183 [24] J. Mattila, "The blockchain phenomenon–the disruptive potential of distributed consensus architectures," ETLA working papers2016. [25] D. C. Gelvin, L. D. Girod, W. J. Kaiser, W. M. Merrill, F. Newberg, G. J. Pottie, A. I. Sipos, and S. Vardhan, "Method for collecting data using compact internetworked wireless inte- grated network sensors (WINS)," ed: Google Patents, 2004. [26] S. Potti, P. Joshi, R. Tripathi, and S. Phillips, "Enforcing network service level agreements in a network element," ed: Google Patents, 2011. [27] I. J. G. i. q. Mergel, "A framework for interpreting social media interactions in the public sector," vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 327-334, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.05.015 [28] H. Mrabet, S. Belguith, A. Alhomoud, and A. J. S. Jemai, "A survey of IoT security based on a layered architecture of sensing and data analysis," vol. 20, no. 13, p. 3625, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20133625 [29] B. Wang, Y. Sun, T. Q. Duong, L. D. Nguyen, and L. J. I. A. Hanzo, "Risk-aware identifi- cation of highly suspected covid-19 cases in social iot: A joint graph theory and reinforce- ment learning approach," vol. 8, pp. 115655-115661, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/ac- cess.2020.3003750 [30] M. Mohammed, H. Syamsudin, S. Al-Zubaidi, R. R. AKS, and E. J. I. J. o. P. R. Yusuf, "Novel COVID-19 detection and diagnosis system using IOT based smart helmet," vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 2296-2303, 2020. [31] M. Malik, "Detection and Diagnosis System of Novel Covid – 19 Using Internet of Things and Send Alert”. [32] C. Wei and Y. Li, "Design of energy consumption monitoring and energy-saving manage- ment system of intelligent building based on the Internet of things," in 2011 international conference on electronics, communications and control (ICECC), 2011, pp. 3650-3652: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/icecc.2011.6066758 [33] C. Mahapatra, A. K. Moharana, and V. J. S. Leung, "Energy management in smart cities based on internet of things: Peak demand reduction and energy savings," vol. 17, no. 12, p. 2812, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122812 [34] M. Á. García-Fuentes, I. González, A. Gordaliza, and C. d. Torre, "Retrofitting of a residen- tial district under near zero energy buildings criteria," in Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Proceedings, 2017, vol. 1, no. 7, p. 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceed- ings1070686 [35] A. Miglioli, C. Del Pero, F. Leonforteand, and N. Aste, "Load matching in residential build- ings through the use of thermal energy storages," in 2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP), 2019, pp. 272-279: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ic- cep.2019.8890152 [36] F. T. Abed, H. T. S. ALRikabi, and I. A. Ibrahim, "Efficient Energy of Smart Grd Education Models for Modern Electric Power System Engineering in Iraq," in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, vol. 870, no. 1, p. 012049: IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/870/1/012049 14 http://www.i-jim.org https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091466 https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i01.11538 https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v17i02.19183 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.05.015 https://doi.org/10.3390/s20133625 https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3003750 https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3003750 https://doi.org/10.1109/icecc.2011.6066758 https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122812 https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1070686 https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1070686 https://doi.org/10.1109/iccep.2019.8890152 https://doi.org/10.1109/iccep.2019.8890152 https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/870/1/012049 Paper—Design and Implementation of Smart City Applications Based on the Internet of Things [37] F. Khan, M. A. B. Siddiqui, A. U. Rehman, J. Khan, M. T. S. A. Asad, and A. Asad, "IoT Based Power Monitoring System for Smart Grid Applications," in 2020 International Con- ference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET), 2020, pp. 1-5: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/iceet48479.2020.9048229 7 Authors Nabaa Ali Jasim, is presently one of the master’s students in the college of engi- neering, Electrical Engineering Department, Wasit University in Al Kut, Wasit, Iraq. She received her B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering in 2017 from theWasit Univer- sity in Al Kut, Wasit, Iraq.The first was in Electrical Engineering with a grade of very good and the second was in the college of engineering, Wasit University in Al Kut, Wasit, Iraq.Al Kut City- Hay ALRabee. E-mail: nabaaj301@uowasit.edu.iq Asst. Prof. Haider Th. Salim ALRikabi is presently one of the Faculty College of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Department, Wasit University in Al Kut, Wasit, Iraq. He received his B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering in 2006 from the Al Mus-tansiriya University in Baghdad, Iraq. his M.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering focusing on Communications Systems from California State University / Fullerton / USA in 2014. His current research interests include Communications systems with the mobile generation, Control systems, intelligent technologies, smart cities, and the In- ternet of Things (IoT). Al Kut City-Hay ALRabee, Wasit, Iraq. E-mail: - hdhiyab@uowasit.edu.iq. The number of articles in national databases - 10 The number of articles in international databases – 25. Article submitted 2021-01-26. Resubmitted 2021-03-10. Final acceptance 2021-03-10. Final version pub- lished as submitted by the authors. iJIM ‒ Vol. 15, No. 13, 2021 15 https://doi.org/10.1109/iceet48479.2020.9048229 mailto:nabaaj301@uowasit.edu.iq mailto:hdhiyab@uowasit.edu.iq