13-49-1-PB


	

	

Available	online	at:	http://journals.rsfpress.com/index.php/ijmesh	
International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH)	

ISSN	2580-0981	(online)	
Volume	2	Number	1	(2019):	41-52	

	
	
	

The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	
Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	

in	Makassar	

Sumarsih1,	2,	Zainal	Abidin1,	3	
1	Program	of	Economic,	Universitas	Hasanuddin,	Indonesia	

2		Universitas	Sulawesi	Barat,	Indonesia	
3		Universitas	Muslim	Maros,	Indonesia	

	
	

Abstract	
The	purpose	of	this	study	is	to:	1)	analyze	the	effect	of	service	quality	which	consisting	of	reliability,	
responsiveness,	empathy,	assurance,	and	physical	appearance	to	customer	satisfaction	on	the	Housing	
Security	Management	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar;	and	2)	to	know	the	
dominant	variable	affecting	the	consumer	satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	The	data	used	are	primary	and	secondary	data.	The	
population	of	the	study	is	644	people	as	consumers	who	are	living	in	Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	
University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	The	methods	of	sampling	in	this	study	using	Slovin	formulation	
consisted	of	247	respondents.	The	data	collection,	which	is	used	is	questionnaires	and	documentation.	
Methods	of	data	analysis	using	descriptive	statistical	analysis,	and	multiple	linear	regression	using	SPSS	
Program.	 The	 results	 showed	 that	 simultaneously	 variable	 reliability,	 responsiveness,	 empathy,	
assurance,	 and	 physical	 appearance,	 have	 a	 positive	 and	 significant	 impact	 on	 the	 satisfaction	 of	
consumers	 in	 the	 Housing	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 Hasanuddin	 University	 Tamalanrea	 in	
Makassar.	Furthermore,	the	partial	variables	reliability,	empathy,	and	assurance	have	a	positive	and	
significant	impact	on	customer	satisfaction,	while	the	variable	responsiveness	and	physical	appearance	
have	no	significant	effect	on	customer	satisfaction.	Among	three	variables	that	significantly	influence	it,	it	
turns	out	the	variable	reliability	that	can	improve	the	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Security	Management	
Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

Keywords:	Empathy;	Assurance;	Physical	Appearance;	Satisfaction	
	
	

 
This is an open access article under the CC–BY-NC license.	

INTRODUCTION	

The	people	growth	each	year	is	proportional	to	the	demand	for	occupancy	as	well	as	the	level	of	
security	that	 is	 increasing	as	a	need	for	everyone.	Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	which	 is	
located	in	Makassar,	that	majority	is	Hasanuddin	University	lecturer	as	about	90%	who	live	there.	

Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	has	a	strategic	place,	moreover,	the	campus	near	the	
housing	which	also	has	some	facilities	such	as	hospitals,	schools,	and	self-service,	but	it	is	not	enough	
because	the	security	system	is	needed	for	every	housing.	

The	 importance	 of	 security	 needs	 demands	 is	 to	 create	 security	 units	 to	 create	 a	 save	 and	
comfortable	feeling	for	every	resident	inhabitant	who	lives	there.	This	research	is	conducted	in	Housing	
Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar,	due	to	many	demands	of	security	system	
from	residents	who	are	living	in	the	housing,	being	able	to	increase	consumer	satisfaction,	especially	for	
housing	residence.	This	research	can	be	used	as	one	of	the	the	strategy	for	security,	unit	exist	in	Lecturer	
Housing	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	to	improve	the	quality	of	service	consisting	of	(Tangible,	
Reliability,	Responsiveness,	Assurance,	Empathy)	(Parasuraman	and	Zaithaml,	1990)	toward	consumer	
satisfaction	of	Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	in	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	
	



	

	

	
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.31098/ijmesh.v2i1.13	 Research	Synergy	Foundation	





International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

42 │ © 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	

RESEARCH	PROBLEM	
Based	on	the	background	above,	the	main	problem	of	this	research	is	as	follows:	1.	Does	the	

quality	service	which	consisting	of	(Tangible,	Reliability,	Responsiveness,	Assurance,	Empathy)	has	a	
significant	 effect	toward	the	customer	 	satisfaction		on	security	 	management	 	 in	Housing	 	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	 in	Makassar,	2.	Which	variable	that	dominantly	influence	toward	
consumer	satisfaction	on	security	management	in	Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	
in	Makassar.	
	
LITERATURE	REVIEW	

Normally,	satisfaction	is	a	kind	of	feeling	that	can	be	pleasure	or	disappointment	of	someone	who	
derives	from	the	comparison	between	the	image	toward	the	results	of	a	product	with	its	expectations	
(Kotler,	1997).	Anderson	 	et	al.,	1994	states	 that	 customer	 	 satisfaction	 	 is	 the	overall	valuation	 	of	
experience	of	purchasing	and	consumption	of	goods	and	services.	According	to	Kotler	(1997),	a	company	
can	measure	customer	satisfaction	with	several	events,	namely:	first,	complaint	and	suggestion	system,	
second,	customer	satisfaction	survey,	third,	ghost	shopping,	fourth,	customer	loss	analysis	(loss	customer	
analysis).	According	to	Fornell	and	Wernerfelt	(1987),	customers	who	are	not	satisfied	with	receiving	
services	 will	 file	 a	 complaint	 	 to	 the	 company.	 Companies	 	 that	 always	 	 want	 to	 create	 customer	
satisfaction	should	be	able	to	handle	the	complaint	as	well	as	possible.	

Service	quality	is	an	important	point	to	fulfill	consumer	expectations	or	consumer	needs	in	line	
with	the	results	of	expectations	and	a	way	to	determine	whether	the	consumer	has	received	quality	
services	(Scheuning,	2004).	If	there	is	a	demand	from	consumers,	then	they	expect	the	company	to	be	
able	to	provide	services	by	giving	friendly,	fast,	appropriate	responds	or	answer	to	the	customers.	For	
physical	services	product,	it	requires	the	service,	which	becomes	a	critical	value	component	(Douglas,	
1992).	

According	to	Liu	(2005),	there	is	a	significant	relationship	between	customer	satisfaction	with	
service	 quality	 in	 each	 separation	 level	 of	 further	 indication	 that	 in	 every	 sub	 division	 needed	 an	
important	sense	aspect	of	service	quality.	Fornell	(1992)	in	Andersson	and	Lindestad	(1998),	based	on	
his	 consumer	 study	 in	 Sweden,	 proves	 that	 there	 is	 a	 relationship	 between	 perceived	 quality	 and	
satisfaction.	High	performing	service	is	a	service	that	exceeds	expectations	from	consumers.	Crinin	and	
Taylor	(1994)	proved	that	consumer	satisfaction	is	determined	by	the	consumer's	assessment	of	the	
quality	of	service	provided.	Cronin	and	Taylor	(1992)	found	a	strong	and	positive	relationship	between	
overall	service	quality	and	satisfaction.	

In	a	line	of	Oliver	(1997)	based	on	Andersson	and	Lindestad	research	(1998);	Andersson	(1983),	
Parasuraman	(1985),	Boulding	et	al.	(1994)	in	Zheng	(2003)	developed	a	model	of	service	quality	in	the	
marketing	literature.	The	results	of	his	research	prove	that	the	level	of	special	and	satisfying	service	will	
increase	customer	satisfaction.	
	
RESEARCH	METHODS	

The	research	methodology	is	a	process	that	should	be	done	gradually.	Each	step	of	the	research	
must	be	done	in	detail	and	clear	so	that	it	will	have	a	clear,	systematic,	logical,	and	empirical	description	
that	can	be	tested	truly.	The	population	of	this	study	is	the	resident	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Based	on	data	in	April	2018,	the	total	number	of	housing	residents	are	644	
people.	While	the	sample	is	a	set	or	part	of	a	population	unit.	To	determine	the	sample	of	the	population,	
it	can	be	used	Slovin	formula	(1960)	in	Sugiyono	(2008)	as	follows:	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

© 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) │ 43 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

n		=	
N
	

1	+	Ne²	
n	=	Number	of	Sample	
N	=	Number	of	Population	
e	=	Percentage	of	inaccuracy	(precision)	clearance	due	to	boundary	error	or	in	this	study	0.05	
	

Based	on	the	above	formulation,	the	minimum	number	of	samples	are	as	follows:	
644	

n	=	
1	+	644	(0,05)²	
=	246,74	or	defined	as	247	samples.	

	
Thus,	the	number	of	samples	is	247	of	residents	Housing		Lecturer	Hasanuddin		University	

Tamalanrea,	Makassar.	
	
RESULTS	AND	DISCUSSION	
Respondent's	Characteristics	Description	

The	respondent	characteristics	can	be	seen	from	the	results	of	research	which	are	conducted	on	
the	security	management	Housing	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar,	with	the	
total	number	of	respondents	are	267	respondents	included:	gender,	age,	and	education	level.	
	
Research	Instruments	Testing	
Validity	Test	

Validity	test	is	done	by	correlating	the	score	of	each	item	with	the	total	score	of	each	attribute.	
Validity	 test	 is	 used	 to	 know	 the	accuracy	and	accordance	 of	 research	 instrument	 as	 a	 function	 of	
measuring	statement	items	which	are	made.	A	valid	instrument	means	that	to	measuring	the	instrument,	
the	form	of	a	statement	to	obtain	the	data	(measuring)	is	also	declared	valid.	The	statements	item	which	
is	used,	have	a	high	positive	correlation	that	can	be	considered	of	having	high	validity	as	well.	

As	stated	by	Sugiyono	(2007:	233),	corrected	item-total	correlation	is	the	correlation		between	
total	item	score,	so	interpretation	by	consult	critical	value	of	r-table,	if	r	arithmetic	>	critical	value	r-table	
product	moment	s	the	instrument	is	valid.	While	test	result	validity	from	each	variable	statement	item	is	
conducted	in	this	study,	Research	Instrument	of	Validity	Test	Result.	

Table	1.	Research	Instrument	of	Validity	Test	Result	

Variable	 Item	
Corrected	Item	
Total	Correlation	

r-Product	Moment	
r-tabel	

Description	

Consumer	Satisfaction	(Y)	 1	 0,859	 0,138	 Valid	
2	 0,863	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,655	 0,138	 Valid	

Reliability	(X1)	 1	 0,759	 0,138	 Valid	
2	 0,775	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,686	 0,138	 Valid	

Responsiveness	(X2)	 1	 0,866	 0,138	 Valid	
2	 0,775	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,875	 0,138	 Valid	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

44 │ © 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	
Empathy	(X3)	 1	 0,828	 0,138	 Valid	

2	 0,836	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,834	 0,138	 Valid	

Guarantee	(X4)	 1	 0,869	 0,138	 Valid	
2	 0,835	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,778	 0,138	 Valid	

Physical	appearance	(X5)	 1	 0,724	 0,138	 Valid	
2	 0,798	 0,138	 Valid	
3	 0,784	 0,138	 Valid	

Source:	Research	Results,	2018.	
	

The	validity	test	result	of	the	consumer	satisfaction	instrument	is	obtained	by	Corrected	Item-	
Total	Correlation	(r	count)	between	0,655	-	0,863	or	r	count	>	r	table	0,138	meaning	in	every	item	
statement	from	consumer	satisfaction	variable	which	is	used	in	this	research	is	valid.	The	instrument	
reliability	validity	test	results	obtained	by	Corrected	Item-Total	Correlation	value	(r	count)	 	between	
0.686	-	0.77	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138	which	stated	in	each	item	statement	of	the	dependent	variable	
which	is	used	in	this	study	is	valid.	The	instrument	validity	test	results	of	responsiveness	are	obtained	by	
Corrected	Item-Total	Correlation	value	(r	count)	between	0.775	-	0.875	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138,	
means	that	every	item	of	the	statement	of	responsiveness	variable	used	in	this	research	is	valid.	

The	result	of	validity	test	of	empathy	instrument	obtained	by	Corrected	Item-Total	Correlation	
value	(r	count)	between	0,828	-	0,836	or	r	count	>	r	table	0,138	which	means	that	every	item	statement	
of	 empathy	 variable	 used	 in	 this	 research	 is	 valid.	 The	 validity	 test	 of	guarantee	 instrument	 result	
obtained	by	Corrected	Item-Total	Correlation	value	(r	count)	between	0,778	-	0,869	or	r	count	>	r	table	
0,138,	stated	in	every	item	statement	of	guarantee	variable	used	in	this	research	is	valid.	

The	result	of	validity	test	of	physical	appearance	instrument	obtained	by	Corrected	Item-Total	
Correlation	value	(r	count)	between	0,724	-	0,798	or	r	count	>	r	table	0,138,	means	that	every	item	
statement	from	the	variable	of	consumer	satisfaction	used	in	this	research	is	valid.	
	
Reliability	Test	Results	

The	reliability	test	is	used	to	know	the	answer	consistency.	Reliability	testing	of	a	variable	can	be	
done	by	looking	at	the	value	of	Cronbach	Alpha,	the	statement	item	in	the	questionnaire	has	Cronbach	
Alpha	value	>	critical	value	r-table	Product	Moment	at	95%	confidence	level.	Thus,	it	can	be	said	that	the	
item	statement	 of	 the	 reflection	 	 of	 each	 variable	 in	 this	 research	 	 in	 its	existence	 in	 the	research	
instrument	stated	reliable.	

Table	2.	The	reliability	test	of	each	research	variable	

Variable	 Item	
Cronbach's	Alpha	
if	Item	Deleted	

r-Product	Moment	
r-table	

Description	

Consumer	
Satisfaction	(Y)	

1	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
2	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,970	 0,138	 Reliable	

Reliability	(X1)	 1	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	
2	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,970	 0,138	 Reliable	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

© 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) │ 45 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	
Responsiveness	(X2)	 1	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	

2	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	

Empathy	(X3)	 1	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
2	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	

Guarantee	(X4)	 1	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
2	 0,968	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	

Physical	performance	
(X5)	

1	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	
2	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	
3	 0,969	 0,138	 Reliable	

Source:	Research	Results,	2018.	
	

Based	on	the	data	on	the	table	above,	it	can	be	explained	that	the	value	of	Cronbach	Alpha	of	the	
overall	statement	items	in	the	research	variables	instruments	obtained	for	0.970.	This	value	means	that	
the	level	of	consistency	(reliability)	 	of	 the	research		 instrument	 	used	 is	97%.	 It	means	 	that	 if	 the	
questionnaire	is	used	repeatedly	in	the	population	of	this	research,	it	will	provide	the	value	of	objectivity,	
stability,	accuracy,	and	high	consistency	in	the	function	of	measuring	after	it	applied.	

The	result	of	 instrument	 reliability	 test	 from	Cronbach	Alpha	value	of	 reliability	variable	 (r	
count)	between	0,969	-	0,970	or	r	count	>	r	table	0,138,	it	means	that	each	item	statement	of	reliability	
variable	used	in	this	research	is	reliable.	Thus,	it	can	be	said	that	the	research	instrument	used	in	the	
measurement	function	does	not	give	rise	to	a	double	meaning	to	ensure	the	consistency	of	measuring	the	
influence	 of	variable	 	reliability	 	 to	 the	customer	satisfaction	 	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	
Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	instrument	reliability	test	results	from	the	Cronbach	Alpha	value	responsiveness	variable	(r	
arithmetic)	between	0.968	-	0.969	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138,	means	that	each	item	of	the	statement	
of	 the	 responsiveness	 variable	 used	 in	 this	 study	 is	 reliable.	 Thus,	 it	 can	 be	said	 that	 the	 research	
instrument	used	in	the	measurement	function	does	not	give	rise	to	a	double	meaning	to	ensure	the	
consistency	of	measuring	the	effect	of	variable	responsiveness	to	customer	satisfaction	on	the	Housing	
Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	instrument	reliability	test	results	from	the	Cronbach	Alpha	value	of	empathy	variable	(r	
arithmetic)	0.968	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138,	means	that	every	item	of	the	statement	of	the	empathy	
variable	used	 in	this	study	 is	reliable.	Thus,	 it	can	be	said	that	 the	research	 instrument	used	 in	the	
measurement	function	does	not	cause	a	double	meaning	to	ensure	the	consistency	in	measuring	the	
effect	of	empathy	variables	on	customer	satisfaction	on	 the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

Instrument	 reliability	 test	 results	 from	 Cronbach	 Alpha	 value	 guarantee	 	 variable	 	 (r	
arithmetic)	between	0.968	-	0.969	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138,	means	that	every	item	of	the	statement	
of	assurance	variable	used	in	this	study	is	reliable.	Thus,	it	can	be	said	that	the	research	instrument	used	
in	the	measurement	function	does	not	cause	a	double	meaning	to	ensure	the	consistency	in	measuring	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

46 │ © 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	

the	effect	of	assurance	variables	on	customer	satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	result	of	instrument	reliability	test	from	physical	display	variable	Cronbach	Alpha	value	(r	
arithmetic)	between	0.968	-	0.970	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0,138,	means	that	each	item	statement	of	
physical	display	variable	used	in	this	research	is	reliable.	Thus,	it	can	be	said	that	the	research	instrument	
used	 in	the	measurement	 function	does	not	give	rise	to	a	double	meaning	to	ensure	consistency	 in	
measuring	 the	effect	 of	physical	 display	variables	 on	customer	satisfaction	 on	 the	Housing	Security	
Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

Instrument	reliability	test	results	from	customer	satisfaction	variable	Cronbach	Alpha	value	(r	
count)	between	0.968	-	0.970	or	r	arithmetic	>	r	table	0.138,	means	that	each	item	statement	of	the	
variable	of	consumer	satisfaction	used	in	this	study	is	reliable.	Thus,	 it	can	be	said	that	the	research	
instrument	used	 in	this	measurement	 	 function	 	does	not	give	rise	to	a	double	meaning	 	 to	ensure	
consistency	 in	 measuring	 	 customer	 	 satisfaction	 	 in	 the	 Housing	 	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	
	
Classical	Assumption	Testing	
Simultaneously	Hypothesis	Testing	

Simultaneously	 Testing	aims	to	know	the	influence		of	reliability,	 	responsiveness,	 	empathy,	
assurance,	 and	physical	appearance	 of	 Consumer	Satisfaction	 on	 the	Housing	 Security	 Management	
Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea,	in	Makassar	by	knowing	at	the	value	of	F-measurement.	
The	simultaneous	test	results	are	as	follows:	Simultaneously	Testing	(Test	F).	
	

Table	3.	ANOVAb	

Model	
Sum	of	
Squares	

Df	
Mean	
Square	

F	 ig.	

1	 Regression	 51.686	 5	 10.337	 219.935	 .000a	
Residual	 11.327	 241	 .047	   
Total	 63.013	 246	    

a. Predictors:	(Constant),	X5,	X1,	X4,	X3,	X2	
b. Dependent	Variable:	Y	
Source:	Data	Analysis	Result	(2018).	
	

The	data	on	the	table	above	shows	that	the	F-arithmetic	value	obtained	is	219.079	while	the	F-	
table	(df1	=	5;	df2	=	241)	at	the	error	rate	(α	=	0.05)	is	obtained	2.26	with	a	significance	level	of	0.000.	
Thus,	the	value	of	F-arithmetic	>	F-table	or	219,935	>	2,26	which	means	that	significant	effect	on	a	very	
small	alpha	 level	 (0%).	By	 these	results,	 it	 can	be	concluded	 that	 simultaneously	of	 service	quality	
consisting	of	variable	reliability,	responsiveness,	empathy,	assurance,	and	physical	appearance	which	
havea	positive	and	significant	 	 impact	 	 on	Consumer	Satisfaction	 	 in	 Housing	 Security	Management		
Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

Furthermore,	 the	 coefficient	 of	 determination	 testing	 (R2)	 is	 used	 to	 determine	 how	 much	
influence	of	all	 independent	variables	to	the	dependent	variable.	The	value	of	R2	can	be	seen	in	the	
following	table:	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

© 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) │ 47 
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Table	4.	Coefficient	of	Determination	Test	Result	(R²)	
Model	Summary	

Model	 R	 R	Square	 Adjusted	R	Square	
Std.	The	error	of	
the	Estimate	

1	 .906a	 .820	 .817	 .21680	
a. Predictors:	(Constant),	X5,	X1,	X3,	X4,	X2	
b. Dependent	Variable:	Y	
Source:	Data	Analysis	Result	(2018).	
	

Based	on	the	test	determination	result,	which	is	mentioned	above,	it	can	be	explained	that	the	
magnitude	of	the	coefficient	of	determination	(R2)	is	0.820.	The	coefficient	of	determination	states	that	
the	magnitude	of	the	influence	of	variable	reliability,	responsiveness,	empathy,	assurance,	and	physical	
appearance	 of	 Consumer	 	 Satisfaction	 	 in	 Housing	 	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 HASANUDDIN		
UNIVERSITY	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	is	82%,	while	the	remaining	18%	is	influenced	by	other	variables	
that	are	not	investigated	in	this	study.	
	
Partial	Hypothesis	Testing	

Hypothesis	 testing	 is	 used	partially	 to	 know	 the	 influence	 of	 individual	variables	 reliability,	
responsiveness,	 empathy,	 assurance,	 and	 physical	 appearance	 of	 Consumer	 Satisfaction	 in	 Housing	
Security	Management	Lecturer	HASANUDDIN	UNIVERSITY	Tamalanrea	in	
Makassar.	Test	results	can	be	seen	through	the	value	t-count.	The	partial	test	results	(t-count)	which	
show	in	this	following	table:	

Table	5.	Partial	Testing	(t-Test)	
	

Model	
Unstandardized	
Coefficients	

Standardized	
Coefficients	

	
T	

	
Sig.	

B	 Std.	Error	 Beta	
1	 (Constant)	 .080	 .178	  .448	 .655	

X1	 .262	 .064	 .253	 4.123	 .000	
X2	 .121	 .098	 .119	 1.234	 .126	
X3	 .241	 .065	 .230	 3.713	 .000	
X4	 .227	 .085	 .211	 2.662	 .008	
X5	 .138	 .083	 .140	 1.663	 .079	

a.	Dependent	Variable:	Y	
Source:	Data	Processed	(2018).	
	

Based	on	the	partial	test	as	shown	in	the	table	above	shows	that	the	quality	of	service	consisting	
of	reliability,	empathy,	and	individual	guarantee	have	a	significant	and	positive	 impact	on	Consumer	
Satisfaction	on	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	
While	 the	 variable	 responsiveness	and	physical	appearance	 have	no	 significant	effect	 on	Consumer	
Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	 	Security	Management	 	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	 	University	Tamalanrea	 	 in	
Makassar.	 The	existence	 of	 significant	 influence	 can	 be	 seen	 from	 the	value	 of	 t-measurement	 that	
obtained	and	also	can	be	known	through	the	significance	level	where	the	column	sig.	Probabilities	in	the	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

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above	table	obtained	 the	significant	value	of	 the	 three	significant	 independent	variables	which	have	
significance	value	less	than	0.05,	which	has	the	reliability	of	sig	value.	0,000	<	0,05,	empathy	with	sig	
value.	0,000	<	0,05,	and	guarantee	with	sig	value.	0.008	<	0.05.	While	the	variable	that	has	no	significant	
effect	is	the	responsiveness	with	the	sig	value.	0.126	<	0.05	and	display	with	sig	value.	0.079	<	0.05.	
Among	the	three	independent	variables	that	have	significant	variable	influence,	in	which	it	shows	the	
dominant	 influence	means	that	 the	variable	reliability	because	 the	value	of	 t-measurement	obtained	
greater	than	other	variables.	
	
DISCUSSION	

Furthermore,	the	discussion	about	the	influence	of	variable	reliability,	responsiveness,	empathy,	
assurance,	and	physical	appearance	of	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar,	will	be	described	as	follows:	
	
The	effect	of	reliability	on	customer	satisfaction	

The	result	of	t-test	shows	that	the	variable	of	reliability	has	a	positive	and	significant	effect	on	
Consumer	Satisfaction	on	 the	Housing	Security	Management	 	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	 	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	It	indicates	that	there	is	a	unidirectional	relationship	between	reliability	and	
consumer	satisfaction,	in	the	sense	of	increasing	reliability	then	the	consumer	satisfaction	will	increase	
too.	

The	reliability	variable	gives	a	significant	influence	on	customer	satisfaction	and	ranks	of	tested	
independent	variables	 	 firstly.	Meanwhile,	 	reliability	 	variable	 is	one	 important	 	 factor	 in	 increasing	
consumer	 satisfaction,	 so	 it	 needs	 to	 be	maintained,	 but	 still	 maximize	 the	 indicator	 of	 the	 lowest	
proportion	to	increase	 	the	Consumer		Satisfaction		on	the	Housing	 	Security	Management	 	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	 existence	 of	 significant	 	 influence	 	 of	 variable	 	 reliability	 	 to	 customer	 satisfaction	 	 is	
determined	by	the	forming	indicator,	namely:	(a)	speed	of	security	services;	(b)	the	accuracy	of	security	
services;	and	(c)	smooth	security	services.	Among	the	three	items	of	indicators,	the	dominant	indicator	in	
establishing	the	variable	of	service	reliability	in	the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	
University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	is	the	speed	indicator	of	the	security	service	which	has	an	average	
value	of	4.60,	then	followed	by	the	accuracy	indicator	of	security	services	which	have	an	average	value	of	
4.59.	While	the	indicator	of	the	smoothness	of	the	security	service	has	an	average	value	of	4.47	which	
gives	the	smallest	proportion	in	forming	the	variable	reliability,	so	it	needs	to	be	maximally	empowered	
that	the	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	can	be	improved	later.	

The	results	of	this	study	prove	that	the	reliability	variable	provides	a	positive	and	significant	
impact	 on	 Consumer	 Satisfaction	 in	 Housing	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 Hasanuddin	 University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	This	study	also	proves	that	research	conducted	by	Anis	Wahyuningsih	(2002),	
provides	the	reliability	of	dominant	influence	on	patient	satisfaction.	This	analysis	concluded	that	the	
reliability	variable	has	a	positive	and	significant	effect	on	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	
Management	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Therefore,	reliability	needs	to	
be	maintained,	especially	 on	 the	 indicators	 that	make	 it	 being	 as	 Satisfaction	 of	 Consumers	 on	 the	
Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	 in	Makassar	 that	can	be	
improved	next	time.	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

© 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) │ 49 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	

The	effect	of	responsiveness	to	customer	satisfaction	
Partial	 test	results	 indicate	 	 that	 the	 responsiveness	 	variable	have	no	significant	 	effect	on	

Consumer	 Satisfaction	 in	 the	 Housing	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 Hasanuddin	 	 University	
Tamalanrea	 in	Makassar.	 It	 indicates	that	 the	responsiveness	variable	has	not	been	able	to	 increase	
consumer	satisfaction,	in	line	with	the	service	related	to	the	responsiveness	of	significant	increasing	in	
customer	satisfaction.	Therefore,	the	services	related	to	the	responsiveness	need	to	get	special	attention	
to	be	further	improved	by	maximizing	indicators	that	shape	it	to	improve	the	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	
the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	influence	of	non-significant	of	responsiveness	variable	to	the	customer	satisfaction	which	is	
determined	 by	 the	 role	 of	 indicators	 	 that	 shape	 it,	 namely:	 	 (a)	 Speed	 of	 overcoming	 	 consumer	
complaints;	(a)	Describe	procedures	that	the	consumer	does	not	understand	in	terms	of	security;	and	(c)	
delineating	 information	 	about	security.	 	 Among	 the	 three	 items	of	 those	 indicators,	 	 the	dominant	
indicator	in	forming	responsiveness	is	speed	indicator	of	overcoming	consumer	who	complaints	that	
have	an	 average	value	 of	 4.64,	 then	 followed	 by	 procedures	 indicators	 that	 the	 consumers	 do	 not	
understand	of	an	average	value	of	4.58.	While	 the	delivery	indicators	of	security	 information		which	
stated	clearly,	have	an	average	value	of	4.42	gives	the	smallest	proportion	in	forming	the	responsiveness	
variable,	to	do	optimally	in	empowering	all	these	indicators	for	consumer	satisfaction	that	can	increase	
significantly.	

This	analysis	 concluded	 that	 the	 responsiveness	 variable	 which	 has	no	significant	effect	 on	
Consumer	 Satisfaction	 	 in	 the	 Housing	 	 Security	 Management	 	 Lecturer	 of	 Hasanuddin	 	 University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Therefore,	the	responsiveness	needs	to	get	special	attention	to	be	improved,	
especially	 on	 the	 indicators	 that	make	 the	Consumer	Satisfaction	 on	Housing	Security	Management	
Lecturer	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	improved	in	the	future.	
	
The	empathy	influence	on	the	trader's	satisfaction.	

Partial	test	results	indicate	that	the	empathy	variable	has	a	positive	and	significant	impact	on	
Consumer	Satisfaction	 	on	the	Housing	 	Security	Management	 	Lecturer	HASANUDDIN		UNIVERSITY	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	It	indicates	that	there	is	a	direct	relationship	between	empathy	with	consumer	
satisfaction,	in	the	sense	of	empathy	increasingly,	then	consumer	satisfaction	directly	increase.	

The	empathy	variable	gives	a	significant	influence	on	customer	satisfaction	and	second	ranks	
from	the	tested	independent	variables.	Therefore,	the	empathy	variable	is	also	an	important	factor	in	
improving	consumer	satisfaction,	so	it	needs	to	be	improved	by	maximizing	the	indicators	that	shape	it		
to	 improve	the	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	
University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	 existence	 of	 significant	 	 influence	 	 of	 empathy	 variables	 	 on	 customer	 satisfaction	 	 is	
determined	by	the	role	of	indicators	which	shape	it,	namely:	(a)	Friendly	to	the	consumer;	(b)	Courteous	
in	speaking	with	the	consumer,	and	(c)	Providing	fair	services	to	consumers	related	to	security.	From	the	
three	points	of	that	indicators,	the	dominant	indicator	in	forming	the	empathy	variable	in	the	Housing	
Security	Management	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	is	giving	fair	service	
to	the	consumer	with	average	value	4,78,	then	followed	by	the	friendly	indicator	to	the	consumer	which	
has	the	average	value	average	4.68	while	the	polite	indicator	in	speech	with	the	consumer	has	an	average	
value	of	4.57	that	gives	the	smallest	proportion	 in	 forming	the	empathy	variable,	 so	 it	needs	 to	be	
maximally	empowered	for	consumer	satisfaction	that	can	be	improved.	

The	above	analysis	shows	that	the	empathy	variable	has	a	positive	and	significant	effect	on	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

50 │ © 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 
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Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Management	of	Housing	Security	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Therefore,	empathy	needs	to	be	improved,	especially	on	the	indicators	to	the	
Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Management	of	Housing	Security	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	can	be	improved.	
	
The	guarantee	effect	on	customer	satisfaction	

The	 test	 results	 partially	 indicate	 that	 the	 variable	 assurance	 have	 a	 significant	 	 effect	 on	
consumer	satisfaction	 	 on	 the	Management	 	 of	Housing	 	Security	Lecturer	 	 Hasanuddin	 	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	It	indicates	that	there	is	a	unidirectional	relationship	between	the	guarantee	
with	consumer	satisfaction,	 in	line	with	guarantee	increase,	then	consumer	satisfaction	also	increases	
directly.	

The	assurance	variable	has	a	significant	 influence	on	customer	satisfaction	and	place	on	the		
third	ranks	of	 the	tested	 independent	variables.	Therefore,	 the	guarantee	variable	 is	also	one	of	 the	
important	 factors	 	 in	improving	 	consumer	satisfaction,	 	so	it	needs	to	be	improved		by	maximizing	
indicator	that	gives	the	lowest	proportion	to	increase	the	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	
Management	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	existence	of	significant		 influence	 	of	variable	 	of	guarantee		on	consumer	satisfaction	is	
determined	by	the	indicators;	those	are:	(a)	existence	of	security	guarantee;	(b)	the	ability	of	officers;	and	
(c) understanding	the	needs	of	consumers.	Among	those	three	items	of	the	indicators,	 the	dominant	
indicator	in	forming	the	assurance	variable	is	an	existence	indicator	security	that	guarantees	an	average	
of	 4.79,	 followed	 by	 an	 indicator	 of	 officer's	ability	 which	 has	an	average	 value	 of	 4.64.	While	 the	
indicators	deal	with	the	needs	of	 the	consumer	which	have	an	average	value	of	4.58	that	gives	the	
smallest	proportion	in	forming	the	guarantee	variable,	so	it	needs	to	be	maximally	empowered	to	the	
customer	satisfaction	can	be	improved	later.	

The	above	analysis	stated	that	the	guarantee	variable	has	a	positive	and	significant	effect	on	the	
Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Management	of	Housing	Security	of	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Therefore,	the	guarantee	still	needs	to	be	improved,	especially	on	the	indicators	
to	make	Consumer	Satisfaction	 on	 the	Management	 of	Housing	Security	 of	Lecturer	 of	Hasanuddin	
University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	can	be	improved	in	the	future.	
	
The	influence	of	physical	appearance	on	customer	satisfaction	

Partial	 test	 results	 indicate	 that	 the	physical	 display	 variables	 have	no	 significant	 effect	 on	
Consumer	Satisfaction	 	 on	 the	 Management	 	 of	 Housing	 	 Security	 Lecturer	Hasanuddin	 	University	
Tamalanrea	 in	 Makassar.	 It	 indicates	 	 that	 the	 physical	 display	 variable	 cannot	 increase	 consumer	
satisfaction,	 in	a	 line	of	 service	 related	 to	 the	physical	appearance	that	has	not	provided	significant	
improvement	of	consumer's	satisfaction.	Therefore,	services	related	to	the	physical	appearance	need	
special	attention	to	be	further	improved	by	maximizing	the	indicators	that	shape	is	used	to	improve	the	
Consumer	Satisfaction	 	 on	 the	 Management	 	 of	 Housing	 	 Security	 Lecturer	Hasanuddin	 	University	
Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	

The	 non-significant	 influence	 of	 physical	 display	 variable	 on	 consumer	 satisfaction	 is	
determined	by	the	role	of	 the	 indicators	 that	make	up,	namely:	 (a)	Speed	of	overcoming	consumer	
complaints;	 (a)	Describe	 	procedures	 	 that	 consumers	 	do	not	understand	 	about	 security;	 	 and	(c)	
delineating	 information	 	about	 security.	 	Among	 the	 three	 items	of	 those	 indicators,	 	 the	dominant	
indicator	in	forming	physical	appearance	is	the	indicator	of	the	speed	which	overcoming	consumer	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

© 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) │ 51 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

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complaints	that	have	an	average	value	of	4.64,	then	followed	by	indicators	that	explain	about	consumers	
procedures	who	do	not	understand,	has	an	average	value	of	4.58.	While	the	indicator	of	information	
delivery	clearly	about	the	security	has	an	average	value	of	4.42	that	gives	the	smallest	proportion	in	
forming	the	variable	responsiveness,	so	it	needs	to	be	maximally	empowered	all	these	indicators	for	
consumer	satisfaction	can	increase	significantly.	

Based	on	the	analysis,	it	can	be	concluded	that	the	physical	display	variables	have	no	significant	
effect	 on	 Consumer	 Satisfaction	 on	 the	 Housing	 	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 HASANUDDIN	
UNIVERSITY	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar.	Therefore,	the	physical	appearance	needs	special	attention	to	be	
improved,	 especially	 in	 the	 indicators	 	 to	 make	 Consumer	 	 Satisfaction	 	 on	 the	 Housing	 	 Security	
Management	Lecturer	of	Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	can	be	improved	next	time.	
	
CONCLUSION	

According	to	the	description	and	results	of	the	analysis	shown	in	the	previous	chapter,	it	can	be	
resumed	as	follows:	

a. The	simultaneously	 or	 together	 results	 	 show	 that	 the	 reliability,	 	 responsiveness,	 	 empathy,	
assurance,	and	physical	appearance,	positively	and	significantly	variables	influence	the	Consumer	
Satisfaction	 on	Housing	 Security	 Management	 Lecturer	 Hasanuddin	 University	 Tamalanrea	 in	
Makassar.	 Furthermore,	 	 the	test	results	 	partially	indicate	 	 that	the	reliability,	 	empathy,	and	
assurance	 variables	 	 have	a	 significant	 	 effect	 on	customer	satisfaction,	while	 the	variable	 of	
responsiveness	and	physical	appearance	have	no	significant	effect	on	customer	satisfaction.	

b. Among	 the	 three	services	quality	 that	 has	significant	 influence,	 it	 shows	 that	 the	 variable	 of	
reliability	can	improve	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	the	Housing	Security	Management	of	Lecturer	
Hasanuddin	University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar	compared	with	other	variables.	

	
Suggestion	

The	above	conclusions	show	that	the	authors	provide	some	suggestions	as	follows:	
a. In	 the	 policy	 of	 formulation	 on	 the	 Housing	 Security	 Management	 	 Lecturer	 of	 Hasanuddin		

University	Tamalanrea	in	Makassar,	it	is	needed	to	consider	the	quality	of	service	which	includes:	
reliability,	empathy,	and	guarantee	variable	that	support	significantly	to	increase	the	consumer	
satisfaction.	

b. Due	to	the	reliability	variable	that	dominantly	influences	on	customer	satisfaction,	it		is	suggested	
to	be	maintained,	especially	on	the	indicators	that	shape	it.	While	the	responsiveness	and	physical	
appearance	variable,	the	influence	is	not	needed	special	attention	to	maximize	its	implementation,	
especially	on	its	formation	to	support	the	consumer	satisfaction	improvement	later.	

	
Acknowledgment	

Our	appreciation	and	gratitude	go	to	the	Indonesia	Endowment	Fund	for	Education			(LPDP),		
the	Ministry	of	Finance	of	the	Republic	of	Indonesia	and	the	Ministry	of	Research,	Technology	and	Higher	
Education	of	the	Republic	of	Indonesia	for	all	its	support	in	the	process	of	writing	until	completed	this	
article.	



International	Journal	of	Management,	Entrepreneurship,	Social	Science	and	Humanities	(IJMESH),	Vol.	2	(1),	41-52	
The	Effect	of	Service	Quality	on	Housing	Security	Management	toward	Consumer	Satisfaction	on	Housing	Lecturer	

of	Hasanuddin	University	in	Makassar	
Sumarsih,	Zainal	Abidin	

52 │ © 2019 International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities (IJMESH) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 
ISSN 2580-0981 (online) 

	

	

	

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