Sebuah Kajian Pustaka: IT Journal Research and Development (ITJRD) Vol.7, No.1, August 2022, E-ISSN : 2528-4053 | P-ISSN : 2528-4061 DOI : 10.25299/itjrd.2018.10300 124 Journal homepage: http://journal.uir.ac.id/index/php/ITJRD Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality Panji Rachmat Setiawan1, Syefriani2, Zackie Aprillio Vadri3 Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau1,3 Department of Art, Drama, Dance and Music Education, Universitas Islam Riau2 panji.r.setiawan@eng.uir.ac.id1, syefriani@edu.uir.ac.id2, zackieav1998@gmail.com3 Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Jun. 27, 2022 Revised Jul. 21, 2022 Accepted Aug. 25, 2022 Yoga is a meditation activity where someone decides the whole mind to control the five senses and the body. Yoga members at Dewata Studio do yoga with breathing exercises, body exercises, and meditation. All these exercises have benefits in increasing body fitness and overcoming depression. But many yoga members are having trouble understanding basic yoga movements. There are so many reasons why yoga members have difficulty understanding basic movements. One reason is the COVID-19 pandemic, they can't go to the Dewata Studio, so they can't understand and explore basic yoga movements. As we know, basic yoga movement is the most important if we want to learn about yoga. There are 15 basic yoga movements at Dewata Studio that all yoga members must be mastered before moving on to the next stage. This research help yoga members understand and explore basic yoga movement using an android application based on augmented reality. The application is used by each Dewata Studio yoga member and explains each movement. Using this application must be under the supervision of yoga trainers at Dewata Studio. With this application, it is hoped that all yoga members at Dewata Studio can understand and explore basic yoga movements. Keyword: Yoga Augmented Reality Android Movement Application © This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Corresponding Author: Syefriani Department of Art, Drama, Dance, and Music Education Universitas Islam Riau Jalan Kaharuddin Nasution No. 113, Pekanbaru, Indonesia Email : syefriani@edu.uir.ac.id 1. INTRODUCTION Yoga is a meditation activity when someone severs the whole mind to control the five senses and body. By doing yoga, yoga members must know basic yoga movements. The global community, especially yoga members at Dewata Studio, carry out yoga with breathing training, body exercise, and meditation, whose benefits can improve body fitness and overcome depression. The problem that the authors faced in this research is that yoga member doesn't have any guide to learn basic yoga movement independently, which caused the result of the exercise not to be maximal because yoga member doesn't understand basic yoga movement. Based on this problem, the author develops an application for basic yoga movement based on augmented reality. IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 125 Augmented reality is a technology that combines the real world with cyberspace in conveying information to users who can interact directly with the virtual object created. The author aims to build an application for basic yoga movements based on augmented reality so that all yoga members can learn and understand the movement's meaning. 2. RESEARCH METHOD 2.1 Data Collection Data collection is a research stage where the researcher applies specific scientific methods and techniques to collect data systematically. The author used three ways: 1. Interview The author directly interviewed a yoga instructor at Dewata Studio to get the information that the author needed for this research. The interview is a meeting of two people to change information or an idea with the question and answer so that it can be reduced to a conclusion or meaning in a particular topic [1]. In the interview results, information and data have obtained from yoga instructors about precise basic yoga movements, which is very important when doing yoga movements. 2. Observation Observation is one data collection method that uses direct or indirect observation [2]. The author did observation by observing information and data needed in this research. In the observation results, which follow basic yoga movements from a yoga instructor, the author knows how many basic yoga movements are and how to make the basic moves. 3. Literature Study A literature study is a series activity related to collecting library data, reading, taking notes, and processing research materials [3]. The literature study was done by reading and learning about the topic discussed in this research. The author found five works of literature related to this research from the literature study. 2.2 Literature Review The first research entitled, “Simulasi Visualisasi Teknik Gerakan Yoga Dengan Metode Pengembangan Multimedia Luther-Sutopo Berbasis Mobile”. This research uses mobile simulation media and multimedia visualization to make it easier for users to know basic yoga movements, increasing people's interest. In this research, animation was used in the video, while the android application was formed using eclipse. From the description above, it can be concluded the difference from this research is that the system is built [4]. The second research entitled, “Pengembangan Aplikasi Augmented Reality Markerless Pengenalan Dan Teknik Dasar Bola Basket”. In this research, a 3D object is ultimately detected with narration voice in Indonesian [5]. The third research entitled, “Penerapan Teknologi Augmented Reality Pada Aplikasi Media Pembelajaran Mikrokontroller Berbasis Android Dengan Platform ArCore”. On this research, as a microcontroller learning media built using latest platform from Google ARCore [6]. The fourth research entitled, “Mesin Penerjemah Interaktif Dengan Animasi 3D Berbasis Augmented Reality”. This application shows 3D using the markerless technique in the form of Augmented Reality [7]. The fifth research entitled, “Penerapan Augmented Reality Sebagai Media Pengenalan Tuntunan Sholat di Madrasah Ibtidaiah Nurul Hidayah Berbasis Android”. This research aims to use augmented reality as an introduction media based on Android and become an attractive alternative learning media [8]. IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 126 2.3 Basic Theory 1. Yoga Yoga came from the word "yuj," or in English, "to yoke" (unification). Unification, in this case, can be unified into three necessary forms in yoga, which are physically training (asana), breathing (pranayama), and meditation (Dyana) [9]. "In the 2nd century BC, Rishi Patanjali in the book Yoga Sutras, there are eight elements of yoga, which is Yama or self-control, Niyama or self-discipline, asana or yoga posture for meditation, pranayama or breathing technique, pratyahara or mastering the feeling, dharna or concentration, Dhayana or meditation, and Samadhi or high level "[10]. Yoga combines an individual's spiritual and physical elements to achieve the ideal state. The harmonization phase of these two elements will cause harmonization with the surrounding environment [11]. Yoga is a sport that can make our life more harmonious and balanced through mind controlling and whole body [12]. Nowadays, many people are interested in exploring another form of yoga to find peace or achieve spiritual growth. More profound serenity can be done by practising yoga movements as a path to self-fulfilment and understanding. Yoga that develops now differs from what has practised thousand years ago, although the inherited meditation tradition remains the same [13]. As we can see, some benefits are obtained if we are studying and practising yoga in our daily life: a. Can overcome health problems, both external organs and internal organs. b. Helping to control emotional reactions and mind in a certain condition. c. It can increase self flexibility which can help to avoid injuries. d. It can increase blood circulation and oxygen all over brain cells and all over the body, thus smoothing the flow of blocked blood. e. Lower blood pressure and stress, thereby reducing the tension of muscle nerves. f. It can help build stamina, strengthen muscles, and increase body balance. g. Increase inner peace with mind focus more peaceful and calmer. 2. Augmented Reality Augmented reality allows the development of technology that unifies real-time and digital content using a computer with the real world [14]. There are two methods of augmented reality: a. Marker Based Tracking The marker is a rectangle black and white illustration with a bold black border and white background. The computer will know position and marker orientation and create a 3D virtual world with points (0,0,0) and three axes X, Y, and Z. b. Markerless Based Tracking One of augmented reality's developing methods is the markerless-based tracking method. This method doesn't need to use a marker to show digital elements. A tool provided by Qualcomm for creating an augmented reality based on mobile makes it easy to develop a markerless application. 3. Blender 3D A blender is software that creates a 3-dimension object and makes animation. We can use blender as the game engine, which means that software makes games [15]. 4. Unity Unity is a game engine or game authoring tool that allows creative people like you to build a video game [16]. Unity was developed by Unity Technologies, built-in 2004 by David Helgason, Nicholas Francis, and Joachim Ante. This game engine was built for the concern of the indie developer who can't buy the game engine because too expensive [17]. IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 127 5. Android SDK Android SDK is an API (Application Programming Interface) tool that must start developing an Android platform application using Java [18]. Android SDK includes a comprehensive set of development tools. Android SDK consists of the debugger, libraries, handset emulator, documentation, examples of code, and tutorial [19]. 6. Library AR Core AR Core uses 3 key technologies to integrate virtual content with the virtual world through a mobile device camera, which is motion tracking that allows the phone to understand and relative position to the world. Environmental understanding will enable phones to detect size and horizontal surface locations like land or coffee table. Light estimation allows the phone to predict current lighting conditions in the environment [20]. 2.4 System Design In building or developing an application, design is needed so the developed application runs well. In this discussion, we need to do analysis and app design to design a system. 1. Use Case Diagram Use case diagram is an activity flow and business process performed by an actor [21]. Use case diagram used to know what functions are contained in an information system and who has the right to use these functions [22]. Figure 1. Application's Use Case Diagram 2. Activity Diagram Activity diagram is a special form of state machine that aims to model computations and workflow that happen inside a system or software under development [23]. Activity diagram also describes workflow or activity from a system, business process, or menu on software [22]. Basic yoga movement guide application activity diagram can be seen in figure 2 IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 128 Figure 2. Application's Activity Diagram 3. Flowchart Flowchart is a collection of symbolic diagram notations showing the data flow and the sequence of operations in the system [24]. Flowchart is a chart for the whole system including manual activities and flow or document flow used in the system [25]. Basic yoga movement flowchart can be seen in figure 3. Figure 3. Application's Flowchart Diagram 3. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 3.1 Main Menu Interface The main menu interface shows an image and 5 buttons: button start, button information, button instruction, button about, and button exit. Main menu interface can be seen in figure 4. IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 129 Figure 4. Main Menu Interface Button start is a button if the user wants to start the application. After the user clicks the button, the user will be brought into basic yoga movements. There are 15 basic yoga movements that users can choose. Each exercise has an explanation, and every action has a step on how to do it right. 3.2 3D Animation Display 3D animation display is a camera that displays a 3D object and consists of text, the yoga movement name, and 2 buttons, which is description and exit. 3D animation display can be seen in figure 5. Figure 5. 3D Animation Display Figure 5 shows a 3D animation display from the yoga movement's tadasana after pressing the screen that is already tracking. Animation has the form of a female object wearing a short orange sleeve and black trousers. When the object appears, an object can move according to the movement of the tadasana, and there is a narration procedure for doing the tadasana movement. 3.3 Light Intensity Test The light intensity test is done by testing a 3D animated object display using sunlight, bright light, dim light, and no light at all. Table 1 shows the results from the light intensity test. IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 130 Table 1. Light Intensity Test Test Scenario Test Action Expected Result Test Result Sun Light Show 3D Animation Object with Sun Light Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Bright Light Show 3D Animation Object with Bright Light Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Dim Light Show 3D Animation Object with Dim Light Show 3D Animated Object Succeed No Light Show 3D Animation Object without Light at all Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 3.4 Distance Test The distance test is done by the distance between the user and the point where the animated object runs. This test is tested with the distance of 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, 4 meters, and 5 meters. Table 2 shows the results of the distance test. Table 2. Distance Test Test Scenario Test Action Expected Result Test Result 1 Meter Distance Show 3D Animation Object with 1 Meter Distance Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 2 Meters Distance Show 3D Animation Object with 2 Meters Distance Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 3 Meters Distance Show 3D Animation Object with 3 Meters Distance Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 4 Meters Distance Show 3D Animation Object with 4 Meters Distance Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 5 Meters Distance Show 3D Animation Object with 5 Meters Distance Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 3.5 Tracking Object Type Test A tracking object type is an object used for detecting the surface by the camera so that it can be used for 3D animation display. This test uses wood, cement, glass, ceramic, short grass, long grass, and rocks surface. Table 3 shows the results from the tracking object type test. Table 3. Tracking Object Type Test Test Scenario Test Action Expected Result Test Result Tracking Object with Wood Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Wood Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Tracking Object with Cement Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Cement Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Tracking Object with Glass Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Glass Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed IT Jou Res and Dev, Vol.7, No.1, August 2022 : 124 - 132 Basic Yoga Movement Guide at Dewata Studio Based on Augmented Reality, Panji 131 Tracking Object with Ceramic Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Ceramic Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Tracking Object with Short Grass Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Short Grass Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Tracking Object with Long Grass Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Long Grass Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed Tracking Object with Rocks Surface Show 3D Animation Object with Rocks Surface Show 3D Animated Object Succeed 4. CONCLUSION Research from the basic yoga movement guide at Dewata Studio based on Augmented Reality can be concluded as follows: 1. Research from a basic yoga movement guide at Dewata Studio based on Augmented Reality has been successfully carried out by testing the application. 2. On testing, the application can detect object from light density, distance, and object type tests. 3. Using this application can help yoga members, especially beginners, understand and explore basic yoga movements more. 4. Members no longer face difficulties in doing basic yoga movements. 5. This application becomes teaching media for all yoga members and yoga trainers, and it can be done at home if members can't come to the studio. REFERENCES [1] P. Sugiyono, “Metode penelitian kombinasi (mixed methods),” Bandung Alf., vol. 28, pp. 1– 12, 2015. [2] Y. Riyanto, “Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan Surabaya,” Penerbit SIC, 2010. [3] M. Zed, Metode peneletian kepustakaan. Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2004. [4] P. A. 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