eDitOriAl  |  truitt   163

■■ The Space in Between

In	my	opinion,	ITAL	has	an	identity	crisis.	It	seems	to	
try	in	many	ways	to	be	scholarly	like	JASIST,	but	LITA	
simply	 isn’t	 as	 formal	a	group	as	ASIST.	 On	the	other	
end	 of	 the	 spectrum,	 Code4Lib	 is	 very	 dynamic,	 infor-
mal	and	community-driven.	ITAL	kind	of	flops	around	
awkwardly	in	the	space	in	between.

—comment	by	a	respondent	to		
ITAL’s	reader	survey,	December	2009

Last	December	and	January,	you,	the	readers	of	Information 
Technology and Libraries	 were	 invited	 to	 participate	 in	 a	
survey	 aimed	 at	 helping	 us	 to	 learn	 your	 likes	 and	 dis-
likes	about	ITAL,	and	where	you’d	like	to	see	this	journal	
go	in	terms	of	several	important	questions.	The	responses	
provide	 rich	 food	 for	 reflection	 about	 ITAL,	 its	 readers,	
what	 we	 do	 well	 and	 what	 we	 don’t,	 and	 our	 future	
directions.	 Indeed,	 we’re	 still	 digesting	 and	 discussing	
them,	nearly	a	year	after	the	survey.	I’d	like	to	use	some	
of	 my	 editorial	 space	 in	 this	 issue	 to	 introduce,	 provide	
an	 overview,	 and	 highlight	 a	 few	 of	 the	 most	 interesting	
results.	I	strongly	encourage	you	to	access	the	full	survey	
results,	which	I’ve	posted	to	our	weblog	ITALica	(http://
ital-ica.blogspot.com/);	 I	 further	 invite	 you	 to	 post	 your	
own	 thoughts	 there	 about	 the	 survey	 results	 and	 their	
meaning.

We	ran	the	survey	from	mid-December	to	mid-January.		
A	 few	 responses	 trickled	 in	 as	 late	 as	 mid-February.	 The	
survey	invitation	was	sent	to	the	2,614	LITA	personal	mem-
bers;	 nonmembers	 and	 ITAL	 subscribers	 (most	 of	 whom	
are	 institutions)	 were	 excluded.	 We	 ultimately	 received	
320	responses—including	two	from	individuals	who	con-
fessed	 that	 they	 were	 not	 actually	 LITA	 members—for	 a	
response	rate	of	12.24	percent.	Thus	the	findings	reported	
below	reflect	the	views	of	those	who	chose	to	respond	to	
the	survey.	The	response	rate,	while	not	optimal,	is	not	far	
from	the	15	percent	that	I	understand	LITA	usually	expects	
for	 its	 surveys.	 As	 you	 may	 guess,	 not	 all	 respondents	
answered	 all	 questions,	 which	 accounts	 for	 some	 small	
discrepancies	in	the	numbers	reported.

Who are we?

In	analyzing	the	survey	responses,	one	of	the	first	things	
one	 notices	 is	 the	 range	 and	 diversity	 of	 ITAL’s	 reader	
base,	 and	 by	 extension,	 of	 LITA’s	 membership.	 The	 larg-
est	 groups	 of	 subscribers	 identify	 themselves	 either	 as	
traditional	systems	librarians	(58,	or	18.2	percent)	or	web	
services/development	librarians	(31,	or	9.7	percent),	with	
a	 further	 cohort	 of	 7.2	 percent	 (23)	 composed	 of	 those	
working	with	electronic	resources	or	digital	projects.	But	
more	than	20	percent	(71)	come	from	the	ranks	of	library	
directors	 and	 associate	 directors.	 Nearly	 	 15	 percent	 (47)	

identify	 their	 focus	 as	 being	 in	 the	 areas	 of	 reference,	
cataloguing,	 acquisitions,	 or	 collection	 development.	 See	
figure	1.	

The	bottom	line	is	that	more	than	a	third	of	our	read-
ers	are	coming	from	areas	outside	of	library	IT.	A	couple	
of	other	demographic	items:

■■ While	 nearly	 six	 in	 ten	 respondents	 (182,	 or	 57.6	
percent)	 work	 in	 academic	 libraries,	 that	 still	 leaves	
a	 sizable	 number	 (134,	 or	 42.3	 percent)	 who	 don’t.	
More	than	14	percent	(45)	of	the	total	316	respondents	
come	from	the	public	library	sector.

■■ Nearly	half	(152,	or	48.3	percent)	of	our	readers	indi-
cated	that	they	have	been	with	LITA	for	five	years	or	
fewer.	Note	that	this	does	not	necessarily	indicate	the	
age	or	number	of	years	of	service	of	the	respondents,	
but	it’s	probably	a	rough	indicator.	Still,	I	confess	that	
this	was	something	of	a	surprise	to	me,	as	I	expected	
larger	 numbers	 of	 long-time	 members.	And	 how	 do	
the	 numbers	 shake	 out	 for	 us	 old	 geezers?	 The	 6–10	
and	 greater-than-15-years	 cohorts	 each	 composed	
about	 20	 percent	 of	 those	 responding;	 interestingly,	
only	11.4	percent	(36)	answered	that	they’d	been	LITA	
members	for	between	11	and	15	years.		Assuming	that	
these	 numbers	 are	 an	 accurate	 reflection	 of	 LITA’s	
membership,	I	can’t	help	but	wonder	about	the	expla-
nation	for	this	anomaly.”	See	figure	2.

How are we doing?

Question	 4	 on	 the	 survey	 asked	 readers	 to	 respond	 to	
several	statements:

“it is important to me that articles in ITAL are peer-
reviewed.” 
More	than	75	percent	(241,	or	77.2	percent)	answered	that	
they	either	“agreed”	or	“strongly	agreed.”

“ITAL is timely.” 
More	than	seven	in	ten	respondents	(228,	or	73.0	percent)	
either	 “agreed”	 or	 “strongly	 agreed”	 that	 ITAL is	 timely.	
Only	27	(8.7	percent)	disagreed.	As	a	technology-focused	
journal,	 where	 time-to-publication	 is	 always	 a	 sensitive	
issue,	 I	 expected	 more	 dissatisfaction	 on	 this	 question	
(and	 no,	 that	 doesn’t	 mean	 that	 I	 don’t	 worry	 about	 the	
nine	percent	who	believe	we’re	too	slow	out	of	the	gate).

Marc Truitt

Editorial: The Space in Between,  
or, Why ITAL Matters

Marc truitt (marc.truitt@ualberta.ca) is associate university 
librarian, Bibliographic and information Technology Services, 
university of alberta libraries, Edmonton, alberta, canada, and 
Editor of ITAL.



164   iNFOrMAtiON tecHNOlOGY AND liBrAries  |  DeceMBer 2010

would	 likely	 quit	 LITA,	 with	 narrative	 explanations	 that	
clearly	 underscore	 the	 belief	 that	 ITAL—especially	 a	
paper	 ITAL—is	 viewed	 by	 many	 as	 an	 important	 benefit	
of	membership.	The	following	comments	are	typical:

■■ “LITA	membership	would	carry	no	benefits	for	me.”
■■ “Dues	 should	 decrease,	 though.”	 [from	 a	 respon-
dent	 who	 indicated	 he	 or	 she	 would	 retain	 LITA	

“i use information from ITAL in my work and/
or i find it intellectually stimulating.” 
By	a	nearly	identical	margin	to	that	regarding	
timeliness,	ITAL	readers	(226,	or	72.7	percent)	
either	“agreed”	or	“strongly	agreed”	that	they	
use	 ITAL	 in	 their	 work	 or	 find	 its	 contents	
stimulating.

“ITAL is an important benefit of litA mem-
bership.”
An	 overwhelming	 majority	 (248,	 or	 79.78	
percent)	 of	 respondents	 either	 “agreed”	 or	
“strongly	 agreed”	 with	 this	 statement.1	 This	
perception	clearly	emerges	again	in	responses	
to	the	questions	about	whether	readers	would	
drop	 their	 LITA	 membership	 if	 we	 produced	
an	 electronic-only	 or	 open-access	 ITAL	 (see	
below).

Where should we be going?

Several	 questions	 sought	 your	 input	 about	
different	 options	 for	 ITAL	 as	 we	 move	 for-
ward.	 Question	 7,	 for	 example,	 asked	 you	 to	
rank	 how	 frequently	 you	 access	 ITAL	 content	
via	 several	 channels,	 with	 the	 choices	 being	
“print	copy	received	via	membership,”	“print	
copy	 received	 by	 your	 institution/library,”	
“electronic	 copy	 from	 the	 ITAL	 website,”	 or	
“electronic	 copy	 accessed	 via	 an	 aggrega-
tor	 service	 to	 which	 your	 institution/library	
subscribes	 (e.g.,	 Ebsco).”	 The	 choice	 most	 fre-
quently	 accessed	 was	 the	 print	 copy	 received	
via	membership,	at	81.1	percent	(228).

Question	 8	 asked	 about	 your	 preferences	
in	 terms	 of	 ITAL’s	 publication	 model.	 Of	 the	
307	 responses,	 60.6	 percent	 (186)	 indicated	
a	 preference	 for	 continuance	 of	 the	 present	
arrangement,	whereby	we	publish	both	paper	
and	 electronic	 versions	 simultaneously.	 Four	
in	 ten	 respondents	 preferred	 that	 ITAL	 move	
to	 publication	 in	 electronic	 version	 only.2	 Of	
those	 who	 favored	 continued	 availability	 of	
paper,	 the	 great	 majority	 (159,	 or	 83.2	 per-
cent)	indicated	in	question	9	that	they	simply	
preferred	 reading	 ITAL	 in	 paper.	 Those	 who	
advocate	 moving	 to	 electronic-only	 do	 so	
for	 more	 mixed	 reasons	 (question	 10),	 the	 most	 popular	
being	cost-effectiveness,	timeliness,	and	the	environmen-
tal	friendliness	of	electronic	publication.	A	final	question	
in	 this	 section	 asked	 that	 you	 respond	 to	 the	 statement	
“If	 ITAL	 were	 to	 become	 an	 electronic-only	 publication	
I	 would	 continue	 as	 a	 dues-paying	 member	 of	 LITA.”	
While	 a	 reassuring	 89.8	 percent	 (273)	 of	 you	 answered	
in	 the	 affirmative,	 9.5	 percent	 (29)	 indicated	 that	 you	

Figure 2. Years of LITA Membership

Figure 1. Professional Position of LITA Members

18.2% (58)

0.3% (1)

0.6% (2)

0.6% (2)

0.9% (3)

2.2% (7)

2.5% (8)

3.1% (10)

4.1% (13)

4.4% (14)

6.3% (20)

7.9% (25)

9.4% (30)

9.7% (31)

12.9 % (41)

16.7% (53)

0%	 5%	 10%	 15%	 20%

Systems Librarian (includes responsibility for ILS, 
servers, workstat...

Other (please specify)

Library Director

Web Services/Development Librarian

Deputy/Associate/Assistant Director

Reference Services Librarian

Cataloging Librarian

Consortium/Network/Vendor Librarian

Electronic Resources Librarian

Digital Projects/Digitization Librarian

Student

Teaching Faculty

Computing Professional (non-MLS)

Resource Sharing Librarian

Acquisitions/Collection Development Librarian

Other Library Staff (non-MLS)

11.4% (36)

19.7% (62)

20.0% (63)

48.3% (152)

0%	 10%	 20%	 30%	 40%

5 years or less

11–15 years

6–10 years

more than 15 years



eDitOriAl  |  truitt   165

his	lipstick-on-a-pig	ILS.	Somewhere	else	there’s	a	library	
blogger	 who	 fends	 off	 bouts	 of	 insomnia	 by	 reading	
“wonky”	 ITAL	 papers	 in	 the	 wee	 hours	 of	 the	 morning.	
And	that	ain’t	the	half	of	it,	as	they	say.

In	 short—in	 terms	 of	 readers,	 interests,	 and	 prefer-
ences—“the	 space	 in	 between”	 is	 a	 pretty	 big	 niche	 for	
ITAL	to	serve.	We	celebrate	it.	And	we’ll	keep	trying	our	
best	to	serve	it	well.

■■ Departures
As	I	write	these	lines	in	late-September,	it’s	been	a	sad	few	
weeks	for	those	of	us	in	the	ITAL	family.	In	mid-August,	
former	 ITAL	 editor	 Jim	 Kopp	 passed	 away	 following	 a	
battle	 with	 cancer.	 Last	 week,	 Dan	 Marmion—Jim’s	 suc-
cessor	 as	 editor	 (1999–2004)—and	 a	 dear	 friend	 to	 many	
of	us	on	the	current	ITAL	editorial	board—also	left	us,	the	
victim	 of	 a	 malignant	 brain	 tumor.	 I	 never	 met	 Jim,	 but	
LITA	President	Karen	Starr	eulogized	him	in	a	posting	to	
LITA-L	on	August	16,	2010.3	I	noted	Dan’s	retirement	due	
to	illness	in	this	space	in	March.4

I	first	met	Dan	in	the	spring	of	2000,	when	he	arrived	at	
Notre	Dame	as	the	new	associate	director	for	Information	
Systems	 and	 Digital	Access	 (I	 think	 the	 position	 was	 dif-
ferently	 titled	 then)	 and,	 incidentally,	 my	 new	 boss.	 Dan	
arrived	only	six	weeks	after	my	own	start	there.	Things	at	
Notre	Dame	were	unsettled	at	the	time:	the	Libraries	had	
only	 the	 year	 before	 successfully	 implemented	 ExLibris’	
Aleph500	ILS,	the	first	North	American	site	to	do	so.	While	
ExLibris	moved	on	to	implementations	at	McGill	and	the	
University	of	Iowa,	we	at	Notre	Dame	struggled	with	the	
challenges	 of	 supporting	 and	 upgrading	 a	 system	 then	
new	to	the	North	American	market.	It	was	not	always	easy	
or	 smooth,	 but	 throughout,	 Dan	 always	 maintained	 an	
unflappable	and	collegial	manner	with	ExLibris	staff	and	
a	quiet	but	supportive	demeanor	toward	those	of	us	who	
worked	for	him.	I	wish	I	could	say	that	I	understood	and	
appreciated	 this	 better	 at	 the	 time,	 but	 I	 can’t.	 I	 still	 had	
some	growing	ahead	of	me—I’m	sure	that	I	still	do.

Dan	 was	 there	 for	 me	 again	 as	 an	 enthusiastic	 refer-
ence	when	I	moved	on,	first	to	the	University	of	Houston	
in	2003	and	then	to	the	University	of	Alberta	three	years	
later.	 In	 these	 jobs	 I’d	 like	 to	 think	 I’ve	 come	 to	 under-
stand	a	bit	better	the	complex	challenges	faced	by	senior	
managers	 in	 large	 research	 libraries;	 in	 the	 process,	 I	
know	 I’ve	 come	 to	 appreciate	 Dan’s	 quiet,	 knowledge-
able,	and	hands-off	style	with	department	managers.	It	is	
one	I’ve	tried	(not	always	successfully)	to	cultivate.

While	I	was	still	at	Notre	Dame,	Dan	invited	me	to	join	
the	editorial	board	of	Information Technology and Libraries,	
a	group	which	over	the	years	has	come	to	include	many	
“Friends	of	Dan,”	including	Judith	Carter	(quite	possibly	
the	 world’s	 finest	 managing	 editor),	 Andy	 Boze	 (ITAL’s	

membership]
■■ “ITAL	 is	 the	 major	 benefit	 to	 me	 as	 we	 don’t	 have	
funds	 for	 me	 to	 attend	 LITA	 meetings	 or	 training	
sessions.”

■■ “The	 paper	 journal	 is	 really	 the	 only	 membership	
benefit	I	use	regularly.”

■■ “Actually	my	answer	is	more,	‘I	don’t	know.’	I	really	
question	 the	 value	 of	 my	 LITA	 membership.	 ITAL	 is	
at	 least	 some	 tangible	 benefit	 I	 receive.	 Quite	 hon-
estly,	I	don’t	know	that	there	really	are	other	benefits	
of	LITA	membership.”

Question	 12	 asked	 about	 whether	 ITAL	 should	 con-
tinue	 with	 its	 current	 delayed	 open-access	 model	 (i.e.,	
the	latest	two	issues	embargoed	for	non-LITA	members),	
or	 go	 completely	 open-access.	 By	 a	 three-to-two	 margin,	
readers	 favored	 moving	 to	 an	 open-access	 model	 for	
all	 issues.	 In	 the	 following	 question	 that	 asked	 whether	
respondents	 would	 continue	 or	 terminate	 LITA	 mem-
bership	 were	 ITAL	 to	 move	 to	 a	 completely	 open-access	
publication	 model,	 the	 results	 were	 remarkably	 similar	
to	those	for	the	question	linking	print	availability	to	LITA	
membership,	with	the	narrative	comments	again	suggest-
ing	much	the	same	underlying	reasoning.

In	 sum,	 the	 results	 suggest	 to	 me	 more	 satisfaction	
with	ITAL	than	I	might	have	anticipated;	at	the	same	time,	
I’ve	only	scratched	the	surface	in	my	comments	here.	The	
narrative	answers	in	particular—which	I	have	touched	on	
in	 only	 the	 most	 cursory	 fashion—have	 many	 things	 to	
say	 about	 ITAL’s	 “place,”	 suggestions	 for	 future	 articles,	
and	 a	 host	 of	 other	 worthy	 ideas.	 There	 is	 as	 well	 the	
whole	area	of	crosstabbing:	some	of	the	questions,	when	
analyzed	 with	 reference	 to	 the	 demographic	 answers	 in	
the	 beginning	 of	 the	 survey,	 may	 highlight	 entirely	 new	
aspects	of	the	data.	Who,	for	instance,	favors	continuance	
of	a	paper	ITAL,	and	who	prefers	electronic-only?

But	 to	 come	 back	 to	 that	 reader’s	 comment	 about	
ITAL	 and	 “the	 space	 in	 between”	 that	 I	 used	 to	 frame	
this	 discussion	 (indeed,	 this	 entire	 column):	 to	 me,	 the	
demographic	 responses—which	 clearly	 show	 ITAL	 has	 a	
substantial	readership	outside	of	library	IT—suggest	that	
that	“space	in	between”	is	precisely	where	ITAL	should	be.	
We	may	or	may	not	occupy	that	space	“awkwardly,”	and	
there	 is	 always	 room	 for	 improvement,	 although	 I	 hope	
we	 do	 better	 than	 “flop	 around”!	 The	 results	 make	 clear	
that	 ITAL’s	 readers—who	 would	 be	 you!—encompass	
the	 spectrum	 from	 the	 tech-savvy	 early-career	 reader	
of	 Code4Lib Journal	 (electronic-only,	 of	 course!)	 to	 the	
library	 administrator	 who	 satisfies	 her	 need	 for	 technol-
ogy	information	by	taking	her	paper	copy	of	ITAL	along	
when	 traveling.	 Elsewhere	 on	 that	 continuum,	 there	 are	
reference	librarians	and	catalogers	wondering	what’s	new	
in	 library	 technology,	 and	 a	 traditional	 systems	 librarian	
pondering	 whether	 there	 is	 an	 open-source	 discovery	
solution	 out	 there	 that	 might	 breathe	 some	 new	 life	 into	



166   iNFOrMAtiON tecHNOlOGY AND liBrAries  |  DeceMBer 2010

between	 membership	 and	 receiving	 the	 journal.	 Many	 of	 them	
appear	 to	 infer	 that	 a	 portion	 of	 their	 LITA	 dues,	 then,	 are	 ear-
marked	 for	 the	 publication	 and	 mailing	 of	 ITAL.	 Sadly,	 this	 is	
not	the	case.	In	years	past,	ITAL’s	income	from	advertising	paid	
the	bills	and	even	generated	additional	revenue	for	LITA	coffers.	
Today,	the	shoe	is	on	the	other	foot	because	of	declining	advertis-
ing	revenue,	but	ITAL	is	still	expected	to	pay	its	own	way,	which	
it	 has	 failed	 to	 do	 in	 recent	 years.	 But	 to	 those	 who	 reasonably	
believe	that	some	portion	of	their	dues	is	dedicated	to	the	sup-
port	of	ITAL,	well,	t’ain’t	so.	Bothered	by	this?	Complain	to	the	
LITA	board.

2. As	 a	 point	 of	 comparison,	 consider	 the	 following	 results	
from	 the	 2000	 ITAL	 reader	 survey.	 Respondents	 were	 asked	 to	
rank	several	publishing	options	on	a	scale	of	1	to	3	(with	1	=	most	
preferred	option	and	3	=	least	preferred	option):

ITAL	 should	 be	 published	 simultaneously	 as	 a	 print-on-
paper	journal	and	an	electronic	journal	(N	=	284):	
1	=	169	(59.5%);	2	=	93	(32.7%);	3	=	22	(7.7%)

ITAL	 should	 be	 published	 in	 an	 electronic	 form	 only	
(N	=	293):	
1	=	55	(18.8%);	2	=	61	(20.8%);	3	=	177	(60.4%)

In	other	words,	then	as	now,	about	60%	of	readers	preferred	
paper	and	electronic	to	electronic-only.

3. Karen	 Starr,	 “FW:	 [Libs-Or]	 Jim	 Kopp:	 Celebration	 of	
Life,”	 online	 posting,	 Aug.	 16,	 2010,	 LITA-L,	 http://lists.ala.
org/sympa/arc/lita-l/2010-08/msg00079.html	 (accessed	 Sept.	
29,	2010).

4. Marc	 Truitt,	 “Dan	 Marmion,”	 Information Technology & 
Libraries	 29	 (Mar.	 2010):	 4,	 http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/
divs/lita/ital/292010/2901mar/editorial_pdf.cfm	 (accessed	
Sept.	29,	2010).

webmaster),	and	Mark	Dehmlow.	While	Dan	left	ITAL	in	
2004,	I	think	that	he	left	the	journal	a	wonderful	and	last-
ing	legacy	in	these	extremely	capable	and	dedicated	folks.

My	fondest	memories	of	Dan	concern	our	shared	pas-
sion	for	model	trains.	I	remember	visiting	a	train	show	in	
South	Bend	with	him	a	couple	of	times,	and	our	last	time	
together	 (at	 the	ALA	 Midwinter	 Meeting	 in	 Denver	 two	
years	 ago)	 was	 capped	 by	 a	 snowy	 trek	 with	 ExLibris’	
Carl	Grant,	another	model	train	enthusiast,	to	the	Mecca	
of	model	railroading,	Caboose	Hobbies.	Three	boys	off	to	
see	their	toys—oh,	exquisite	bliss!

I	 don’t	 know	 whether	 ITAL	 or	 its	 predecessor	 JOLA	
have	ever	reprinted	an	editorial,	but	while	searching	the	
archives	to	find	something	that	would	honor	both	Jim	and	
Dan,	I	found	a	piece	that	I	hope	speaks	eloquently	of	their	
contributions	and	to	ITAL’s	reason	for	being.	Dan’s	edito-
rial,	 “Why	 Is	 ITAL	 Important?”	 originally	 published	 in	
our	June	2002	issue,	appears	again	immediately	following	
this	column.	I	think	its	message	and	the	views	expressed	
therein	 by	 Jim	 and	 Dan	 remain	 as	 valid	 today	 as	 they	
were	in	2002.	They	also	may	help	to	frame	my	comments	
concerning	our	reader	survey	in	the	previous	section.

Farewell,	Jim	and	Dan.	You	will	both	be	sorely	missed.

Notes and References

1. A	 number	 of	 narrative	 answers	 to	 the	 survey	 make	 it	
clear	 that	 ITAL readers	 who	 are	 LITA	 members	 perceive	 a	 link