# bib

id: cord-270709-jahnjvyk
author: Hasford, Joerg
date: 2020-08-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 968
sentence: 36
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-270709-jahnjvyk.txt
txt: txt/cord-270709-jahnjvyk.txt
title:
  Large Simple Double-Blind Randomized Trials for the Rapid Assessment of the Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines

summary:
  Vaccine safety information can be collected by established systems like the Vaccine Safety Datalink in the United States [7] , prescription event monitoring programs (eg, the Drug Surveillance Research Unit in the United Kingdom [8] ), or by direct patient safety reporting on websites, including those accessible with smartphones [9] , which can be specifically designed for vaccine trials. Thus, the sponsors of vaccine trials and the drug regulatory agencies should start the preparatory work now to be ready once an investigational vaccine is ready to be administered on a large scale. Disclaimer.


id: cord-281158-vjh9z7l4
author: Storch, Gregory A
title: Respiratory Viruses in Babies: Important Insights From Down Under
date: 2018-02-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1579
sentence: 56
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-281158-vjh9z7l4.txt
txt: txt/cord-281158-vjh9z7l4.txt
summary:
  Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections with cough in infancy: a community-based birth cohort study Community surveillance of respiratory viruses among families in the Utah better identification of • EDITORIAL COMMENTARY germs-longitudinal viral epidemiology (BIG-LoVE) study Etiology of acute respiratory infections in infants: a prospective birth cohort study The emergence of enterovirus D68 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases Serology enhances molecular diagnosis of respiratory virus infections other than influenza in children and adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia Risk of primary infection and reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus Picornavirus-induced airway mucosa immune profile in asymptomatic neonates Host-microbiota interactions and adaptive immunity key: cord-281158-vjh9z7l4 authors: Storch, Gregory A title: Respiratory Viruses in Babies: Important Insights From Down Under date: 2018-02-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix600 sha: doc_id: 281158 cord_uid: vjh9z7l4 nan For those of us interested in respiratory viruses, there is a lot to like about the study by Sarna et al that appears in this issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases [1] .


id: cord-277673-kvh60zd5
author: Kanzawa, Mia
title: Will Coronavirus Disease 2019 Become Seasonal?
date: 2020-06-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1666
sentence: 71
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-277673-kvh60zd5.txt
txt: txt/cord-277673-kvh60zd5.txt
summary:
  Moreover, these studies are limited by data quality, strong modeling assumptions, and reveal that temperature and humidity are only 2 of the many factors involved in viral transmission There are 4 lines of evidence that bear on this question: (1) seasonality of other human coronaviruses and influenza A, (2) in vivo experiments with influenza transmission, (3) ecological data, and (4) the observed epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in the Southern Hemispheres' summer and early fall.


id: cord-285527-1mceq6v0
author: Kinloch, Natalie N
date: 2020-06-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1917
sentence: 65
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-285527-1mceq6v0.txt
txt: txt/cord-285527-1mceq6v0.txt
title:
  Suboptimal biological sampling as a probable cause of false-negative COVID-19 diagnostic test results

summary:
  We used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to demonstrate that human DNA levels, a stable molecular marker of sampling quality, were significantly lower in samples from 40 confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases that yielded negative diagnostic test results (i.e. suspected false-negative test results) compared to a representative pool of 87 specimens submitted for COVID-19 testing. As diagnoses may not have been made in a consistent manner across treating physicians, these samples may be less likely to represent false negative results.


id: cord-273356-1ius4ksa
author: Sauceda, John A
date: 2020-08-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2015
sentence: 88
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-273356-1ius4ksa.txt
txt: txt/cord-273356-1ius4ksa.txt
title:
  Findings From a Probability-Based Survey of United States Households About Prevention Measures Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Age in Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

summary:
  We tested for differences between non-Latino white, African American, and Latino respondents on prevention control measures, likelihood of using surveillance/reporting strategies, and household size. Between 20 and 26 April 2020, there were differences between states and cities in SARS-CoV-2 mandates; therefore, some variations in prevention control measures may have depended on region.


id: cord-011710-rz23ozxb
author: Aoki, Fred Y.
date: 2013-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2128
sentence: 61
flesch: 20
cache: cache/cord-011710-rz23ozxb.txt
txt: txt/cord-011710-rz23ozxb.txt
title:
  The Beneficial Effects of Neuraminidase Inhibitor Drug Therapy on Severe Patient Outcomes During the 2009–2010 Influenza A Virus Subtype H1N1 Pandemic

summary:
  The natural viral load profile of patients with pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and the effect of oseltamivir treatment Therapuetic effectiveness of amantadine hydrochloride in naturally occurring Hong Kong influenza-double blind studies Amantadine therapy of epidemic influenza A (Hong Kong) Successful treatment of naturally occurring influenza A/USSR/77 H1N1 End points for testing influenza antiviral treatments for patients at high risk of severe and life-threatening disease Fatal cases of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza despite their early antiviral treatment in Japan Triple combination of amantadine, ribavirin, and oseltamivir is highly active and synergistic against drug resistant influenza virus strains in vitro Efficacy of oseltamivir-zanamivir combination compared to each monotherapy for seasonal influenza: a randomized placebocontrolled trial Pandemic versus epidemic influenza mortality: a pattern of changing age distribution Reduced influenza antiviral treatment among children and adults hospitalized with laboratoryconfirmed influenza infection in the year after the 2009 pandemic International Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Consortium Web site Potential conflicts of interest. Of note, the optimal dose, duration, and even makeup of NAI therapy in hospitalized influenza patients remains uncertain.


id: cord-288756-r96izsyq
author: Wu, Zhiqiang
date: 2016-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2262
sentence: 89
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-288756-r96izsyq.txt
txt: txt/cord-288756-r96izsyq.txt
title:
  ORF8-Related Genetic Evidence for Chinese Horseshoe Bats as the Source of Human Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

summary:
  This finding provides new genetic evidence for Chinese horseshoe bats as the source of human SARS-CoV. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic in 2002-2003 spread to 29 countries, caused 8098 cases, and led to 774 deaths. The ORF8s found in SARS-CoVs from human patients in the early phase of the first epidemic of SARS in 2003 (represented by the GZ02 and GD01 isolates) and the 4 patients during the 2003-2004 outbreak (represented by the GZ0401 isolate) are nearly identical to those of the 2 newly identified CoVs, Rs-betacoronavirus/ Yunnan2013 and Rs-betacoronavirus/Guangxi2013, with a few single-nucleotide mutations (98% and 99% nucleotide sequence identities, respectively; Figure 2B ).


id: cord-007255-jmjolo9p
author: Pulliam, Juliet R. C.
title: Ability to replicate in the cytoplasm predicts zoonotic transmission of livestock viruses
date: 2009-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2460
sentence: 91
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-007255-jmjolo9p.txt
txt: txt/cord-007255-jmjolo9p.txt
summary:
  Humans have regular contact with all potentially infectious bodily fluids of domestic food animals; we thus ensure that the target species has contact with all viral groups infecting the source hosts by analyzing the pool of viral species known to infect sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs. Methods. Because influenza virus A infects domestic artiodactyls but was excluded from our database because it is maintained through continuous transmission in humans, we confirmed the robustness of our results to this exclusion; we also confirmed that our findings were robust to the inclusion of viral species for which human infection data were based solely on serology (see table B1 in appendix B, which appears only in the electronic edition of the Journal).


id: cord-255927-0tp4ig4o
author: Hayman, David T S
title: African Primates: Likely Victims, Not Reservoirs, of Ebolaviruses
date: 2019-11-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2073
sentence: 78
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-255927-0tp4ig4o.txt
txt: txt/cord-255927-0tp4ig4o.txt
summary:
  Ebola virus disease-Democratic Republic of the Congo Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus EDITORIAL COMMENTARY • jid 2019:220 (15 November) • 1549 disease in Guinea Situation report: Ebola virus disease Filoviruses in bats: current knowledge and future directions Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic Human Ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo Wild animal mortality monitoring and human Ebola outbreaks, Gabon and Republic of Congo Ebola virus outbreak among wild chimpanzees living in a rain forest of Côte d'Ivoire Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Catastrophic ape decline in western equatorial Africa Identifying reservoirs of infection: a conceptual and practical challenge Morbidity and mortality of wild animals in relation to outbreaks of Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Gabon Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical management of patients and deceased during the Ebola outbreak from Transmission of Ebola virus (Zaire strain) to uninfected control monkeys in a biocontainment laboratory Preliminary report: isolation of Ebola virus from monkeys imported to USA Discovery of swine as a host for the Reston ebolavirus Epidemiology of Ebola (subtype Reston) virus in the Philippines Molecular evidence of Ebola Reston virus infection in Philippine bats Experimental inoculation of plants and animals with Ebola virus A hitherto unknown infectious disease contracted from monkeys Seasonal pulses of Marburg virus circulation in juvenile Rousettus aegyptiacus bats coincide with periods of increased risk of human infection Large serological survey showing cocirculation of Ebola and Marburg viruses in Gabonese bat populations, and a high seroprevalence of both viruses in Rousettus aegyptiacus Spatial and temporal patterns of Zaire ebolavirus antibody prevalence in the possible reservoir bat species Long-term survival of an urban fruit bat seropositive for Ebola and Lagos bat viruses Ebola virus antibodies in fruit bats A serological survey of Ebola virus infection in central African nonhuman primates Ebola and Rift Valley fever virus antibodies in East African primates Isolates of Zaire ebolavirus from wild apes reveal genetic lineage and recombinants Extensive serological survey of multiple African nonhuman primate species reveals low prevalence of immunoglobulin G antibodies to 4 Ebolavirus species Specimen collection: an essential tool Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels Isolation of a novel 1550 • jid 2019:220 (15 November) • A draft genome of Yersinia pestis from victims of the Black Death Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the medieval period Direct evidence of extensive diversity of HIV-1 in Kinshasa by 1960 An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic Wavelike spread of Ebola Zaire Recent common ancestry of Ebola Zaire virus found in a bat reservoir Field investigations of an outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995: arthropod studies Search for the Ebola virus reservoir in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: reflections on a vertebrate collection Undiscovered bat hosts of filoviruses Mapping the zoonotic niche of Ebola virus disease in Africa Spatiotemporal fluctuations and triggers of Ebola virus spillover Trigger events: enviroclimatic coupling of Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks Multiple Ebola virus transmission events and rapid decline of central African wildlife Habitat fragmentation, biodiversity loss and the risk of novel infectious disease emergence The nexus between forest fragmentation in Africa and Ebola virus disease outbreaks


id: cord-001401-f29y8vh5
author: Nelson, Martha I.
title: Multiyear Persistence of 2 Pandemic A/H1N1 Influenza Virus Lineages in West Africa
date: 2014-07-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2514
sentence: 93
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-001401-f29y8vh5.txt
txt: txt/cord-001401-f29y8vh5.txt
summary:
  key: cord-001401-f29y8vh5 authors: Nelson, Martha I.; Njouom, Richard; Viboud, Cecile; Niang, Mbayame N. D.; Kadjo, Hervé; Ampofo, William; Adebayo, Adedeji; Tarnagda, Zekiba; Miller, Mark A.; Holmes, Edward C.; Diop, Ousmane M. title: Multiyear Persistence of 2 Pandemic A/H1N1 Influenza Virus Lineages in West Africa date: 2014-07-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu047 sha: doc_id: 1401 cord_uid: f29y8vh5 Our understanding of the global ecology of influenza viruses is impeded by historically low levels of viral surveillance in Africa. Our understanding of the global ecology of influenza viruses is impeded by historically low levels of viral surveillance in Africa.


id: cord-007190-x1v4jpl4
author: Hardison, Jenny L.
date: 2006-06-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2632
sentence: 83
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-007190-x1v4jpl4.txt
txt: txt/cord-007190-x1v4jpl4.txt
title:
  Chemokine CC Receptor 2 Is Important for Acute Control of Cardiac Parasitism but Does Not Contribute to Cardiac Inflammation after Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi

summary:
  Data are expressed as means ‫ע‬ SD, and significant differences between CCR2 +/+ mice and CCR2 Ϫ/Ϫ mice, at each examination time, were determined by Student's t test; was considered to be significant. Evaluation of parasitemia revealed no difference between CCR2 Ϫ/Ϫ mice ( ) and CCR2 +/+ mice ( ), and all mice in n p 11 n p 12 both groups survived to day 200 after infection, the last point at which survival was measured (data not shown).


id: cord-007264-r1w9a6gc
author: Turner, Ronald B.
date: 1988-02-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2742
sentence: 126
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-007264-r1w9a6gc.txt
txt: txt/cord-007264-r1w9a6gc.txt
title:
  Rhinovirus Infection of Human Embryonic Lung Fibroblasts Induces the Production of a Chemoattractant for Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

summary:
  Cell culture medium that had been incubated with neither cells nor virus was included as a negative control. After ultracentrifugation of the medium from infected MRC-5 cells, the titer of virus in the supernatant was 3.2 x 10 2 TCIDsolmL compared with 1.6 x 10 4 TCIDso/mL in the sediment.


id: cord-270205-fw555w1u
author: Cillóniz, Catia
title: Pure Viral Sepsis Secondary to Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: Risk and Prognostic Factors
date: 2019-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2751
sentence: 131
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-270205-fw555w1u.txt
txt: txt/cord-270205-fw555w1u.txt
summary:
  In conclusion, in our cohort, pure viral sepsis affected 61% of patients with a diagnosis of viral CAP, supporting the importance of stratifying patient risk for viral sepsis and making a complete microbiological diagnosis in cases of CAP. key: cord-270205-fw555w1u authors: Cillóniz, Catia; Dominedò, Cristina; Magdaleno, Daniel; Ferrer, Miquel; Gabarrús, Albert; Torres, Antoni title: Pure Viral Sepsis Secondary to Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: Risk and Prognostic Factors date: 2019-10-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz257 sha: doc_id: 270205 cord_uid: fw555w1u We investigated the risk and prognostic factors of pure viral sepsis in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), using the Sepsis-3 definition.


id: cord-259004-plst2wno
author: van Elden, Leontine J. R.
date: 2004-02-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3371
sentence: 124
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-259004-plst2wno.txt
txt: txt/cord-259004-plst2wno.txt
title:
  Frequent Detection of Human Coronaviruses in Clinical Specimens from Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection by Use of a Novel Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

summary:
  An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France The common cold in frail older persons: impact of rhinovirus and coronavirus in a senior daycare center Rhinovirus and coronavirus infection-associated hospitalizations among older adults Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Evaluation of nested Real-Time RT-PCR for Detection of HCoV • JID polymerase chain methods for the detection of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Direct diagnosis of human respiratory coronaviruses 229E and OC43 by the polymerase chain reaction Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Sensitive procedure for the amplification of HIV-1 RNA using a combined reverse-transcription and amplification reaction Simultaneous detection of influenza viruses A and B using real-time quantitative PCR Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden We thank H.W. Doerr (Institute of Medical Virology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) for the gift of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus. The diagnosis of HCoV infections is hampered, in part, by the difficulty to replicate in-cell cultures, whereas serologic testing is time-consuming and therefore has little clinical significance.


id: cord-010638-xjtapifg
author: Law, Carmella L. H.
title: Nonspecific Proctitis: Association with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Homosexual Men
date: 1992-01-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3218
sentence: 121
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-010638-xjtapifg.txt
txt: txt/cord-010638-xjtapifg.txt
summary:
  Although the gastrointestinal tract appears to be a major target organ late in HIV infection, as indicated by tumors, opportunistic infections, and malabsorption, much remains to be learned about the gastrointestinal mucosal response to HIV. Of the 63 individuals (45%) who tested positive for HIV antibody, only 1 presented with Centers for Disease Control class IV disease (overt AIDS), 15 had class III disease (persistent generalized lymphadenopathy), and the rest were class II (asymptomatic)


id: cord-286596-p10t0dta
author: Erard, Veronique
date: 2006-06-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3387
sentence: 134
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-286596-p10t0dta.txt
txt: txt/cord-286596-p10t0dta.txt
title:
  Airflow Decline after Myeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: The Role of Community Respiratory Viruses

summary:
  The annualized rate of decline in percentage of predicted FEV 1 in patients who had developed respiratory infection with community respiratory viruses was also calculated from baseline to day 100 ([(day 100 FEV 1 Ϫ baseline FEV 1 ) / Another possible limitation is that the conventional detection methods used in this study, because of their lack of sensitivity, may have underestimated the true rate of respiratory infections [21] .


id: cord-270335-8vqi9c68
author: Seifert, Stephanie N
title: Rousettus aegyptiacus Bats Do Not Support Productive Nipah Virus Replication
date: 2019-11-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3276
sentence: 118
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-270335-8vqi9c68.txt
txt: txt/cord-270335-8vqi9c68.txt
summary:
  Bats: important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses Experimental inoculation of Egyptian rousette bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) with viruses of the ebolavirus and marburgvirus genera Experimental inoculation of Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) with ebola virus Establishment of fruit bat cells (Rousettus aegyptiacus) as a model system for the investigation of filoviral infection SARSlike coronavirus WIV1-CoV does not replicate in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) Membrane fusion tropism and heterotypic functional activities of the Nipah virus and Hendra virus envelope glycoproteins Undiscovered bat hosts of filoviruses Egyptian fruit bats are common in zoological settings because they are small, amenable to handling, and reproduce readily in captivity.


id: cord-007180-pho3miid
author: Heine, J.
title: Enteric Lesions and Diarrhea in Gnotobiotic Calves Monoinfected with Cryptosporidium Species
date: 1984-11-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3399
sentence: 163
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-007180-pho3miid.txt
txt: txt/cord-007180-pho3miid.txt
summary:
  In preliminary tests cryptosporidial oocysts (in potassium dichromate suspensions of calf feces) that were treated with 3.2% peracetic acid (vol/vol) and held at 22 C for 20 min retained infectivity for mice. Nachweis, Vorkommen und experimentelle Ubertragung Fecal transmission of calf cryptosporidia between calves and pigs Demonstration of cryptosporidia in calf feces: a comparative study Bovine cryptosporidiosis: clinical and pathological findings in forty-two scouring neonatal calves Cryptosporidiosis in animals and humans Cryptosporidiosis in a veterinary student Human cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient persons Cryptosporidiosis: assessment of chemotherapy of males and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)


id: cord-288072-42sx52tn
author: Monto, Arnold S.
date: 1974-03-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3870
sentence: 190
flesch: 59
cache: cache/cord-288072-42sx52tn.txt
txt: txt/cord-288072-42sx52tn.txt
title:
  The Tecumseh Study of Respiratory Illness. VI. Frequency of and Relationship between Outbreaks of Coronavims Infection

summary:
  Coronaviruses are significantly involved in respiratory infections of man, especially in those occurring in the colder months of the year [1] [2] As part of the study of respiratory infections in Tecumseh, Michigan, specimens of blood were collected on a regular basis from families under surveillance [10] .


id: cord-003171-z22ekgtv
author: Babu, Tara M
date: 2018-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4041
sentence: 157
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-003171-z22ekgtv.txt
txt: txt/cord-003171-z22ekgtv.txt
title:
  Population Serologic Immunity to Human and Avian H2N2 Viruses in the United States and Hong Kong for Pandemic Risk Assessment

summary:
  Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza The BUGS book: a practical introduction to Bayesian analysis Inferring influenza infection attack rate from seroprevalence data Social contacts and mixing patterns relevant to the spread of infectious diseases Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature Original antigenic sin responses to influenza viruses Host versus flu: antibodies win a round? Pre-epidemic antibody against 1957, strain of asiatic influenza in serum of older people living in the Netherlands Studies on the content of antibodies for equine influenza viruses in human sera Risk assessment of H2N2 influenza viruses from the avian reservoir Safety and antigenicity of whole virus and subunit influenza A/Hong Kong/1073/99 (H9N2) vaccine in healthy adults: phase I randomised trial Bars Updating the accounts: global mortality of the 1918-1920 Spanish influenza pandemic Origin of the pandemic 1957 H2 influenza A virus and the persistence of its possible progenitors in the avian reservoir Correlates of protection to influenza virus: where do we go from here? Antibody to influenza virus neuraminidase: an independent correlate of protection Preexisting influenza-specific CD4+ T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans Cellular immune correlates of protection against symptomatic pandemic influenza Seroprevalence to influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus-where are we?


id: cord-007288-lzxi6q1p
author: Pazin, George J.
title: Leukocyte Interferon for Treating First Episodes of Genital Herpes in Women
date: 1987-12-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4205
sentence: 188
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-007288-lzxi6q1p.txt
txt: txt/cord-007288-lzxi6q1p.txt
summary:
  A therapeutic effect of human leukocyte interferon on initial genital herpes was documented, but the clinical usefulness of interferon treatment of genital herpes is limited at this time. The effects of interferon treatment on the initial episode of genital herpes are shown in figures 2-5.


id: cord-275108-snqbrxgr
author: Daverio, Marco
title: Testing for Novel Coronavirus Antibodies: A Necessary Adjunct
date: 2020-05-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 509
sentence: 18
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-275108-snqbrxgr.txt
txt: txt/cord-275108-snqbrxgr.txt
summary:
  Public health measures to slow community spread of COVID-19 COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Economic impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the world Estimation of COVID-19 outbreak size in Italy Correcting under-reported COVID-19 case numbers [1] about the use of proactive public health measures to help slow the spread of the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) over the world.


id: cord-007176-61e9obb3
author: Jackson, George Gee
date: 1973-11-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4091
sentence: 255
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-007176-61e9obb3.txt
txt: txt/cord-007176-61e9obb3.txt
title:
  Viroses Causing Common Respiratory Infections in Man. III. Respiratory Syncytial Viroses and Coronavimses

summary:
  3. Clinical and laboratory findings Morphology and development of respiratory syncytial virus in cell culture Growth and serologic characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus Experimental cytial virus antigens by agar gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis Interferon and respiratory syncytial virus Speculation on pathogenesis in death from respiratory syncytial virus infection The late detection of respiratory syncytial virus in cells of respiratory tract by immunofluorescence Double infection with RS virus and influenza Virus infections in children. Clinical comparison of overlapping outbreaks of influenza A2-Hong Kong-68 and respiratory syncytial virus infections Differentiation of actively and passively acquired complementfixing antibodies in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection The use of cough-nasal swabs in the rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection by the fluorescent antibody technique Morphogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus in a green monkey kidney cell line (Vero) Respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing activity in nasopharyngeal secretions RSV infections and infant deaths Respiratory syncytial virus tissue culture immunofluorescence as a laboratory aid Rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children by the immunofluorescent technique Experimental respiratory syncytial virus infection of adults.


id: cord-001764-njzyu4mv
author: Hofmann-Winkler, Heike
title: Comparative Analysis of Host Cell Entry of Ebola Virus From Sierra Leone, 2014, and Zaire, 1976
date: 2015-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4189
sentence: 151
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-001764-njzyu4mv.txt
txt: txt/cord-001764-njzyu4mv.txt
summary:
  The viral glycoprotein (GP) facilitates host cell entry and, jointly with cellular interaction partners, constitutes a potential target for antiviral intervention. Here, we show that the GPs of the EBOVs circulating in 1976 and 2014 transduce the same spectrum of target cells, use the same cellular factors for host cell entry, and are comparably susceptible to blockade by antiviral interferon-induced transmembrane proteins and neutralizing antibody KZ52.


id: cord-013049-7d436sqg
author: Sobhanie, Mahdee
date: 2016-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4384
sentence: 157
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-013049-7d436sqg.txt
txt: txt/cord-013049-7d436sqg.txt
title:
  Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Candidate Pandemic Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (pLAIV) Against Influenza A(H7N9)

summary:
  A live attenuated influenza A (H5N1) vaccine induces long-term immunity in the absence of a primary antibody response Live attenuated H7N7 influenza vaccine primes for a vigorous antibdy response to inactivated H7N7 influenza vaccine Development of a high yield live attenuated H7N9 influenza vaccine that provides protection against homologous and heterologous H7 wild-type viruses in ferrets Optimization and qualification of a quantitative reversed-phase HPLC method for hemagglutinin in influenza preparations and its comparative evaluation with biochemical assays A live attenuated H9N2 influenza vaccine is well tolerated and immunogenic in healthy adults Design and performance of the CDC real-time reverse transcriptase PCR swine flu panel for detection of 2009 A (H1N1) pandemic influenza virus Multiple amino acid residues confer temperature sensitivity to human influenza virus vaccine strains (FluMist) derived from cold-adapted A/Ann Arbor/6/60 Detection of antibody to avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in human serum by using a combination of serologic assays Cross-reactive influenzaq-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity antibodies i the absence of neutralizing antibodies Cross-reactive influenza-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in intravenous immunoglobulin as a potential therapeutic against emerging influenza viruses DNA priming and influenza vaccine immunogenicity: two phase I open label randomised clinical trials Prime-boost interval matters: A randomized phase I study to identify the minimum interval necessary to observe the H5 DNA influenza vaccine priming effect Broadly neutralizing hemagglutinin stalk-specific antibodies require Fc[gamma]R interactions for protection against influenza virus in vivo A neutralizing antibody selected from plasma cells that binds to group 1 and group 2 influenza A hemagglutinins Financial support. Clinical findings in 111 cases of influenza A (H7N9) virus infection Case-control study of risk factors for human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus in Jiangsu province Comparison of patients hospitalized with influenza A subtypes H7N9, H5N1, and 2009 pandemic H1N1 Serological responses for an avian influenza A/H7N9 vaccine mixed at the point-of-use with MF59 adjuvant: a randomized clinical trial A cell culture-derived MF59-adjuvanted pandemic A/H7N9 vaccine is immunogenic in adults Live attenuated versus inactivated influenza vaccine in infants and young children Superior relative efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine compared with inactivated influenza vaccine in young children with recurrent respiratory tract infections Comparison of the efficacy and safety of live attenuated cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent, with trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine in children and adolescents with asthma Evaluation of two live attenuated cold-adapted H5N1 influenza virus vaccines in healthy adults An open label Phase I trial of a live attenuated H6N1 influenza virus vaccine in healthy adults An open-label, phase I trial of a live attenuated H2N2 influenza virus vaccine in healthy adults A live attenuated H7N3 influenza virus vaccine is well tolerated and immunogenic in a phase I trial in healthy adults


id: cord-007237-8y7218oj
author: Manning, Ashleigh
date: 2007-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4531
sentence: 150
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-007237-8y7218oj.txt
txt: txt/cord-007237-8y7218oj.txt
title:
  Comparison of Tissue Distribution, Persistence, and Molecular Epidemiology of Parvovirus B19 and Novel Human Parvoviruses PARV4 and Human Bocavirus

summary:
  New DNA viruses identified in patients with acute viral infection syndrome Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infections Detection of human bocavirus in Japanese children with lower respiratory tract infections Bocavirus infection in hospitalized children The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children Human bocavirus infection Human bocavirus infection in young children in the United States: molecular epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of a newly emerging respiratory virus Frequent detection of bocavirus DNA in German children with respiratory tract infections Human bocavirus in French children Simmonds P. Epidemiological profile and clinical associations of human bocavirus and other human parvoviruses Novel parvovirus and related variant in human plasma Persistence of parvovirus B19 DNA in synovial membranes of young patients with and without chronic arthropathy A study of the role of parvovirus B19 in rheumatoid arthritis Integrity and full coding sequence of B19 virus DNA persisting in human synovial tissue Evidence for persistence of parvovirus B19 DNA in livers of adults High prevalence of viral genomes and multiple viral infections in the myocardium of adults with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction Bioportfolio: lifelong persistence of variant and prototypic erythrovirus DNA genomes in human tissue Persistent B19 infection in immunocompetent individuals: implications for transfusion safety Persistent parvovirus B19 infection without the development of chronic anemia in HIV-infected and -uninfected children: the Women and Infants Transmission Study Parvovirus B19 infection-persistence and genetic variation An immune control model for viral replication in the CNS during presymptomatic HIV infection Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals contain provirus in small numbers of peripheral mononuclear cells and at low copy numbers Limiting dilution assays for the determination of immunocompetent cell frequencies. I. Data analysis Identification of shared populations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infecting microglia and tissue macrophages outside the central nervous system Hedman K. Persistence of human parvovirus B19 in human tissues Prolonged activation of virusspecific CD8 + T cells after acute B19 infection Parvovirus B19-specific DNA in bone marrow from B19 arthropathy patients: evidence for B19 virus persistence Clinical and laboratory findings in immunocompetent patients with persistent parvovirus B19 DNA in bone marrow Presence and significance of human parvovirus B19 DNA in synovial membranes and bone marrow from patients with arthritis of unknown origin Persistence of B19 parvovirus in synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis Chronic human parvovirus B19 infection in rheumatic disease of childhood and adolescence Persistence of parvovirus B19 DNA in synovium of patients with haemophilic arthritis Parvovirus B19 and chronic arthritis-causal or casual association? Detection of adeno-associated virus 2 and parvovirus B19 in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex TTV viral load as a marker for immune reconstitution after initiation of HAART in HIV-infected patients Effect of immune modulation on TT virus (TTV) and TTV-like-mini-virus (TLMV) viremia TT virus infection: prevalence of elevated viraemia and arguments for the immune control of viral load Phylogenetic evidence for the rapid evolution of human B19 erythrovirus High rate of viral evolution associated with the emergence of carnivore parvovirus We are grateful to Frances Carnie for technical assistance with the brain and other autopsy tissue samples and to Gareth Hughes and Jill Douglas for providing plasma samples from HIV-infected and -uninfected individuals.


id: cord-275863-qos9vu3r
author: Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa
title: Lectin Switching During Dengue Virus Infection
date: 2011-06-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4502
sentence: 164
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-275863-qos9vu3r.txt
txt: txt/cord-275863-qos9vu3r.txt
summary:
  The mannose receptor mediates dengue virus infection of macrophages Dengue 1 virus binding to human hepatoma HepG2 and simian Vero cell surfaces differs Dengue virus entry into liver (HepG2) cells is independent of hsp90 and hsp70 Heat shock protein 90 and heat shock protein 70 are components of dengue virus receptor complex in human cells Identification of GRP 78 (BiP) as a liver cell expressed receptor element for dengue virus serotype 2 Bacterial lipopolysaccharide inhibits dengue virus infection of primary human monocytes/macrophages by blockade of virus entry via a CD14-dependent mechanism Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN)-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection is independent of DC-SIGN internalization signals Dendritic-cell-specific ICAM3-grabbing non-integrin is essential for the productive infection of human dendritic cells by mosquito-cell-derived dengue viruses A variant in the CD209 promoter is associated with severity of dengue disease CLEC5A is critical for denguevirus-induced lethal disease A complex interplay among virus, dendritic cells, T cells, and cytokines in dengue virus infections Histidine 39 in the dengue virus type 2 M protein has an important role in virus assembly Cross-reacting antibodies enhance dengue virus infection in humans Immunodominant T-cell responses to dengue virus NS3 are associated with DHF Immunopathological mechanisms in dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever Original antigenic sin and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever Multiplex cytokine profile from dengue patients: MIP-1beta and IFN-gamma as predictive factors for severity High levels of sTNFR p75 and TNF alpha in dengue-infected patients Monocytes, but not T or B cells, are the principal target cells for dengue virus (DV) infection among human peripheral blood mononuclear cells Phenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during acute dengue illness demonstrates infection and increased activation of monocytes in severe cases compared to classic dengue fever Dengue virus infectivity depends on envelope protein binding to target cell heparan sulfate DC-SIGN (CD209) mediates dengue virus infection of human dendritic cells


id: cord-000842-kff3gig0
author: Nayak, Jennifer L.
date: 2013-01-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4914
sentence: 168
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-000842-kff3gig0.txt
txt: txt/cord-000842-kff3gig0.txt
title:
  CD4(+) T-Cell Expansion Predicts Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Monovalent, Inactivated 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Subtype H1N1 Vaccine

summary:
  Parenteral influenza vaccination influences mucosal and systemic T cell-mediated immunity in healthy adults Individual antibody and T cell responses to vaccination and infection with the 2009 pandemic swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus Cellular immune responses in children and adults receiving inactivated or live attenuated influenza vaccines Live and inactivated influenza vaccines induce similar humoral responses, but only live vaccines induce diverse T-cell responses in young children Humoral and cellular immune responses in children given annual immunization with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine Ki-67 expression reveals strong, transient influenza specific CD4 T cell responses after adult vaccination Adjuvanted H5N1 vaccine induces early CD4+ T cell response that predicts long-term persistence of protective antibody levels Infection with seasonal influenza virus elicits CD4 T cells specific for genetically conserved epitopes that can be rapidly mobilized for protective immunity to pandemic H1N1 influenza virus Early patterns of gene expression correlate with the humoral immune response to influenza vaccination in humans Systems biology of vaccination for seasonal influenza in humans Unique biomarkers for B-cell function predict the serum response to pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine Baseline levels of influenza-specific CD4 memory T-cells affect T-cell responses to influenza vaccines Receptor-mediated antigen uptake and its effect on antigen presentation to class II-restricted T lymphocytes B cells as antigen presenting cells Selective CD4+ T cell help for antibody responses to a large viral pathogen: deterministic linkage of specificities Sustained signaling by canonical helper T cell cytokines throughout the reactive lymph node Preexisting influenza-specific CD4(+) T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans Influenza virus assembly: effect of influenza virus glycoproteins on the membrane association of M1 protein Are we ready for pandemic influenza? Pandemic influenza as a current threat Immune response after a single vaccination against 2009 influenza A H1N1 in USA: a preliminary report of two randomised controlled phase 2 trials Response to a monovalent 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated subvirion influenza A (H5N1) vaccine Immunogenicity and adverse events of avian influenza A H5N1 vaccine in healthy adults: multiple-treatments meta-analysis Influenza virus vaccine based on the conserved hemagglutinin stalk domain Financial support. In contrast, preexisting memory CD4 + T cells, including cells directed against epitopes within the HA protein, were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of subjects not previously exposed to A(H1N1)pdm09


id: cord-011718-hcyluzkx
author: Gaglani, Manjusha
date: 2014-06-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4784
sentence: 204
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-011718-hcyluzkx.txt
txt: txt/cord-011718-hcyluzkx.txt
title:
  Antibody Response to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Among Healthcare Personnel Receiving Trivalent Inactivated Vaccine: Effect of Prior Monovalent Inactivated Vaccine

summary:
  HCP immunization programs should consider effects of host immune response and vaccine antigenic distance on immunogenicity of repeated annual doses of influenza vaccines. First, although HI ≥ 40 is considered a surrogate marker of protection for licensure of influenza vaccines [29, 34] , its association with vaccine effectiveness is limited and the clinical meaningfulness of the differences we observed is unknown.


id: cord-003115-y40knklf
author: Amlabu, Emmanuel
date: 2018-09-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4958
sentence: 179
flesch: 25
cache: cache/cord-003115-y40knklf.txt
txt: txt/cord-003115-y40knklf.txt
title:
  Functional Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum Surface-Related Antigen as a Potential Blood-Stage Vaccine Target

summary:
  Invasion of red blood cells by malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum is able to invade erythrocytes through a trypsin-resistant pathway independent of glycophorin B Complement receptor 1 is a sialic acid-independent erythrocyte receptor of Plasmodium falciparum An EGF-like protein forms a complex with PfRh5 and is required for invasion of human erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum Multiprotein complex between the GPI-anchored CyRPA with PfRH5 and PfRipr is crucial for Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte invasion Essential role of the PfRh5/PfRipr/CyRPA complex during Plasmodium falciparum invasion of erythrocytes P113 is a merozoite surface protein that binds the N terminus of Plasmodium falciparum RH5 Thus, recent identification of P. falciparum surface proteins that are accessible to both humoral and cellular immune systems is a major advancement toward vaccine development against malaria


id: cord-012509-887xlllb
author: Roy-Ghanta, Sumita
date: 2014-11-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5197
sentence: 217
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-012509-887xlllb.txt
txt: txt/cord-012509-887xlllb.txt
title:
  Responses to A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Vaccines in Participants Previously Vaccinated With Seasonal Influenza Vaccine: A Randomized, Observer-Blind, Controlled Study

summary:
  Prior receipt of a trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIV) can affect hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody responses to pandemic influenza vaccines. Assessment of HI responses was based on the European Medicines Agency, Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) guidance targets for pandemic influenza vaccines in adults [32] (point estimates, SCR >40%; SPR >70%; GMFR >2.5) and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) licensure criteria


id: cord-262840-fhfxnr76
author: Gorse, Geoffrey J.
date: 2009-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5616
sentence: 203
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-262840-fhfxnr76.txt
txt: txt/cord-262840-fhfxnr76.txt
title:
  Human Coronavirus and Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

summary:
  HCoV illnesses were compared with other acute respiratory illnesses identified by active surveillance, during the 1998–99 winter respiratory-virus season, of 2215 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were ⩾50 years old and who received influenza vaccines ResultsHCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 were associated with 90 (14%) of 665 illnesses (HCoV-229E in 22, HCoV-OC43 in 67, and both in 1), LDI with 107 (16%) of 678 illnesses. HCoV illness was less severe than LDI illness, was accompanied by multiple respiratory and systemic symptoms, and was associated with hospitalization HCoV-OC43-belong to groups I and II, respectively.


id: cord-289255-qwzg7prx
author: Seligman, Stephen J.
date: 2007-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 647
sentence: 26
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-289255-qwzg7prx.txt
txt: txt/cord-289255-qwzg7prx.txt
title:
  Evidence for Quasi Species in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus Deletion Mutants

summary:
  The concept of quasi species was described by Eigen et al. to indicate a complex, self-perpetuating population of diverse related entities that act as a whole [4, p. 42; for review, see 5]. [3] have also found multiple viral sequences in the same sample that they attributed to quasi species.


id: cord-007220-nlsduenh
author: Black, R. E.
date: 1980-11-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2694
sentence: 102
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-007220-nlsduenh.txt
txt: txt/cord-007220-nlsduenh.txt
title:
  A Two-Year Study of Bacterial, Viral, and Parasitic Agents Associated with Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh

summary:
  Patients with cholera were generally more severely dehydrated than patients with diarrhea associated with other pathogens, including LTand ST/LT-producing E. coli, which produce an enterotoxin similar to that of V. cholerae. An interim strategy for disease control in developing countries Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and diarrheal disease in Mexican children Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and reovirus-like agent in rural Bangladesh Comparison of glucose with sucrose in oral rehydration therapy of rotavirus diarrhea in infants and young children Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Vibrio: numerical taxonomy of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and related Vibrio species


id: cord-007188-tcq8lnwg
author: Cunningham, Anthony L.
date: 1988-08-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2270
sentence: 95
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-007188-tcq8lnwg.txt
txt: txt/cord-007188-tcq8lnwg.txt
title:
  Gastrointestinal Viral Infections in Homosexual Men Who were Symptomatic and Seropositive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus

summary:
  In this study we showed that patients with AIDS or ARC may present with acute diarrhea or exacerbations of chronic diarrhea and that in patients with symptomatic HIV infection and diarrhea, >50% excreted gastrointestinal viruses. Fecal specimens were collected early in the course of acute diarrhea, during exacerbations of chronic diarrhea, or on several occasions during persistent chronic diarrhea.


id: cord-257521-1amcsgmj
author: Hirsilä, Maija
date: 2001-04-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2310
sentence: 101
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-257521-1amcsgmj.txt
txt: txt/cord-257521-1amcsgmj.txt
title:
  Detection by Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction of Influenza C in Nasopharyngeal Secretions of Adults with a Common Cold

summary:
  Influenza viruses Community-acquired influenza C virus infection in children Concepts and procedures for laboratorybased influenza surveillance Detection and identification of human influenza viruses by the polymerase chain reaction Type-specific identification of influenza viruses A, B, and C by the polymerase chain reaction Viruses and bacteria in the etiology of the common cold Sinusitis in the common cold Epidemiology of influenza C virus in man: multiple evolutionary lineages and low rate of change Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition in a seroepidemiological study of influenza type C infection Influenza C virus infection in France Isolation of influenza C virus during an outbreak of influenza A and B viruses Antibiotics and upper respiratory infection: do some folks think there is a cure for the common cold? key: cord-257521-1amcsgmj authors: Hirsilä, Maija; Kauppila, Jaana; Tuomaala, Katri; Grekula, Birgitta; Puhakka, Tuomo; Ruuskanen, Olli; Ziegler, Thedi title: Detection by Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction of Influenza C in Nasopharyngeal Secretions of Adults with a Common Cold date: 2001-04-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/319675 sha: doc_id: 257521 cord_uid: 1amcsgmj The lack of practical methods for a laboratory diagnosis of influenza C virus infections and the seemingly benign nature of the virus contribute to the fact that 50 years after its first isolation, relatively little is known about the epidemiology and the clinical impact of this virus.


id: cord-276005-ifn88mjd
author: da Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira
title: The Differential Clinical Impact of Human Coronavirus Species in Children With Cystic Fibrosis
date: 2012-08-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2495
sentence: 93
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-276005-ifn88mjd.txt
txt: txt/cord-276005-ifn88mjd.txt
summary:
  Patients with CF represent a specific population that is susceptible to more severe clinical manifestations of respiratory infections overall, because of limitations in mucocilliary transport and anatomic distortions of the bronchial tree that facilitate the retention and infection of respiratory secretions. No significant difference was found among patients with HCoV infection, with exacerbations identified on 6 of 19 occasions (31.5%) and hospital admissions on 2 of 19 occasions (10.5%).


id: cord-278260-3o91v72a
author: Halstead, Scott B
title: COVID 19 Vaccines: Should we fear ADE?
date: 2020-08-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2334
sentence: 88
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-278260-3o91v72a.txt
txt: txt/cord-278260-3o91v72a.txt
summary:
  I. Clinical and physiologic manifestations of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand Immunologic enhancement of dengue virus replication In vivo enhancement of dengue virus infection in Rhesus monkeys by passively transferred antibody Pathologic highlights of dengue hemorrhagic fever in 13 autopsy cases from Myanmar The Good, the Bad, and the Shocking: The Multiple Roles of Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 in Protection and Pathogenesis Association of Endothelial Glycocalyx and Tight and Adherens Junctions with Severity of Plasma Leakage in Dengue Infection Dengue virus NS1 cytokine-independent vascular leak is dependent on endothelial glycocalyx components Dengue in Vietnamese infants--results of infectionenhancement assays correlate with age-related disease epidemiology, and cellular immune responses correlate with disease severity A T164S mutation in the dengue virus NS1 protein is associated with greater disease severity in mice Pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis: nature and development of viremia Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines Field evaluation of a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine and a trivalent parainfluenza virus vaccine in a pediatric population Production of atypical measles in rhesus macaques: evidence for disease mediated by immune complex formation and eosinophils in the presence of fusion-inhibiting antibody Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Anti-SARS-CoV IgG response in relation to disease severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgammaR pathway Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome: a prospective epidemiologic study in Rayong, Thailand.


id: cord-007201-m87jid5l
author: Tzipori, Saul
title: Diarrhea in Young Red Deer Associated with Infection with Cryptosporidium
date: 1981-08-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2221
sentence: 101
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-007201-m87jid5l.txt
txt: txt/cord-007201-m87jid5l.txt
summary:
  Five of the 56 fecal smears from diarrheal deer calves during the outbreak contained astroviruslike particles [17] . This system was tested previously with a large number of positive sera obtained from specific pathogen-free lambs experimentally infected with calf Cryptosporidium and with negative sera from uninfected, specific pathogen-free lambs.


id: cord-266573-vfl08i2p
author: Largent, Emily A
title: Paying Participants in COVID-19 Trials
date: 2020-05-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3638
sentence: 125
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-266573-vfl08i2p.txt
txt: txt/cord-266573-vfl08i2p.txt
summary:
  These difficult background circumstances do not make offers of payment to COVID-19 research participants impermissible. We argue that COVID-19 trial participants should usually be offered reimbursement for research-related expenses, and compensation for their time and effort, as for other types of research under usual circumstances.


id: cord-269324-zh1a3gwh
author: Mubareka, Samira
title: Human Genes and Influenza
date: 2008-01-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1824
sentence: 70
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-269324-zh1a3gwh.txt
txt: txt/cord-269324-zh1a3gwh.txt
summary:
  Interestingly, better survival rates have been demonstrated for TLR3 knockout mice than for wild-type mice, despite the TLR3 knockout mice having higher lung virus titers after influenza virus infection [14] . All of these genes would be excellent candidates for an analysis to iden-tify determinants of severity of disease after influenza virus infection.


id: cord-267458-uofy7jyx
author: Jiang, Xiao-Lin
date: 2020-04-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1627
sentence: 73
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-267458-uofy7jyx.txt
txt: txt/cord-267458-uofy7jyx.txt
title:
  Transmission potential of asymptomatic and paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: a three-family cluster study in China

summary:
  A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology T Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating potential person-to-person transmission during the incubation period Potential Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -Singapore Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in healthcare settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 All close contacts of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were traced, including family members who lived with the patients and individuals who had contact with the patients within 1 meter without wearing proper personal protection.


id: cord-290277-ndfoppoq
author: Bahl, Prateek
title: Airborne or droplet precautions for health workers treating COVID-19?
date: 2020-04-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3498
sentence: 157
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-290277-ndfoppoq.txt
txt: txt/cord-290277-ndfoppoq.txt
summary:
  Management of ill travellers at points of entryinternational airports, seaports and ground crossings -in the context of COVID-19 outbreak: interim guidance World Health Organization Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness Interim Healthcare Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients Under Investigation for 2019 Novel Coronavirus Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement Study on transport characteristics of saliva droplets calm indoor environment How far droplets can move in indoor environments -revisiting the Wells evaporation-falling curve Theoretical analysis of the motion and evaporation of exhaled respiratory droplets of mixed composition Violent expiratory events: On coughing and sneezing Enhanced spread of expiratory droplets by turbulence in a cough jet Evaporation and dispersion of respiratory droplets from coughing. A systematic review was conducted for evidence of horizontal distance travelled by respiratory droplets, using the PRISMA criteria


id: cord-011708-naezfola
author: Frank, Gregory M.
date: 2016-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2164
sentence: 68
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-011708-naezfola.txt
txt: txt/cord-011708-naezfola.txt
title:
  Infectious Diseases Society of America and Gain-of-Function Experiments With Pathogens Having Pandemic Potential

summary:
  In fall 2014, the US government issued a pause of GOF research projects of concern and tasked the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB), a federal advisory committee formed at the request of the US government to address issues related to biosecurity and dual use research of concern, to establish recommendations on how GOF research of concern should be assessed for its risk and benefit to public health. In the NSABB's assessment approach for GOF research benefit, it states that it will evaluate other GOF experiment types in addition to alternative approaches.


id: cord-267015-mprsdi2e
author: Zhu, Zhongyu
date: 2008-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4475
sentence: 184
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-267015-mprsdi2e.txt
txt: txt/cord-267015-mprsdi2e.txt
title:
  Exceptionally Potent Cross-Reactive Neutralization of Nipah and Hendra Viruses by a Human Monoclonal Antibody

summary:
  One of the challenges in the development of human antibodies for antiviral applications is the heterogeneity and mutability of RNA viruses. Nipah virus (or a cousin) strikes again Fatal fruit bat virus sparks epidemics in southern Asia Nipah virus encephalitis reemergence Nipah virus outbreak(s) in Bangladesh Person-to-person transmission of Nipah virus in a Bangladeshi community Ultra-potent antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus: effects of binding kinetics and binding valence on viral neutralization Receptor binding, fusion inhibition, and induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies by a soluble G glycoprotein of Hendra virus Potent neutralization of Hendra and Nipah viruses by human monoclonal antibodies Ephrin-B2 ligand is a functional receptor for Hendra virus and Nipah virus Identification of Hendra virus G glycoprotein residues that are critical for receptor binding Neutralization assays for differential henipavirus serology using Bio-Plex protein array systems Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies Structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor-binding domain complexed with neutralizing antibody Nipah virus: vaccination and passive protection studies in a hamster model We wish to thank Tim Hancock from the Australian Animal Health Laboratory for his help with the in vivo ferret work.


id: cord-007305-pkjfnhro
author: Iosub, Silvia
title: Leukonychia Partialis in Kawasaki Disease
date: 1984-10-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1086
sentence: 54
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-007305-pkjfnhro.txt
txt: txt/cord-007305-pkjfnhro.txt
summary:
  We would welcome correspondence from others who have seen nail color abnormalities in Kawasaki disease. It was characterized by the presence of neutralizing and often HAl antibody to HCV OC43, but not to the antigenically related NCDCV


id: cord-002921-i5jxn1vj
author: Morens, David M
title: Pandemic Zika: A Formidable Challenge to Medicine and Public Health
date: 2017-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1979
sentence: 76
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-002921-i5jxn1vj.txt
txt: txt/cord-002921-i5jxn1vj.txt
summary:
  August Hirschwald The perpetual challenge of infectious diseases Zika Virus in the Americas-Yet Another Arbovirus Threat History and emergence of Zika virus Epidemiology of Zika virus infection Quantifying Zika: advancing the epidemiology of Zika with quantitative models Modes of transmission of Zika virus Zika virus mosquito vectors: competence, biology and vector control Zika virus evolution and spread in the Americas Diagnosis of Zika virus infections: challenges and opportunities A Zika virus from America is more efficiently transmitted than an Asian virus by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Evolutionary enhancement of Zika virus infectivity in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes Meeting the challenge of epidemic chikungunya Zika virus structure, maturation and receptors Neurological implications of Zika virus in the adult population Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity Antibody-dependent enhancement of infection and the pathogenesis of viral disease Zika virus pathogenesis in rhesus macaques is unaffected by pre-existing immunity to dengue virus Humoral immune responses against ZIKV infection and the importance of pre-existing flavivirus immunity Small animal models of Zika virus Non-Human primate models of Zika virus infection, immunity and therapeutic development Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal considerations Pathogenesis of other congenital viral infections Small molecules and antibodies for Zika therapy Zika virus vaccine development Zika vaccines: role for controlled human infection Clinical development strategies and considerations for Zika vaccine licensure All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Understanding the pathogenesis and natural history of Zika virus infection has been facilitated by decades of research with flaviviruses


id: cord-007295-lq8h1pc6
author: Koudstaal, Wouter
date: 2009-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2232
sentence: 92
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-007295-lq8h1pc6.txt
txt: txt/cord-007295-lq8h1pc6.txt
title:
  Pre- and Postexposure Use of Human Monoclonal Antibody against H5N1 and H1N1 Influenza Virus in Mice: Viable Alternative to Oseltamivir

summary:
  These results justify further preclinical evaluation of broadly neutralizing mAbs against influenza virus for the prevention and treatment of influenza virus infections that it is unlikely that an effective vaccine will be available in the early stages of a pandemic. key: cord-007295-lq8h1pc6 authors: Koudstaal, Wouter; Koldijk, Martin H.; Brakenhoff, Just P. J.; Cornelissen, Lisette A. H. M.; Weverling, Gerrit Jan; Friesen, Robert H. E.; Goudsmit, Jaap title: Pre- and Postexposure Use of Human Monoclonal Antibody against H5N1 and H1N1 Influenza Virus in Mice: Viable Alternative to Oseltamivir date: 2009-12-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/648378 sha: doc_id: 7295 cord_uid: lq8h1pc6 New strategies to prevent and treat influenza virus infections are urgently needed.


id: cord-285087-i3nz5bvs
author: Heimdal, Inger
date: 2019-04-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4362
sentence: 190
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-285087-i3nz5bvs.txt
txt: txt/cord-285087-i3nz5bvs.txt
title:
  Human Coronavirus in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Tract Infections: A 9-Year Population-Based Study From Norway

summary:
  Previous studies of a shorter duration have reported HCoV detection rates with larger variations from 1% to 15% [15, [19] [20] Hence, the significance of HCoV detections in children with LRTIs, the seasonality, and the overall burden of HCoV in hospitalized children remains poorly defined.


id: cord-007277-86lynlxn
author: Kenneth, McIntosh
title: Coronaviruses in the Limelight
date: 2005-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2015
sentence: 69
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-007277-86lynlxn.txt
txt: txt/cord-007277-86lynlxn.txt
summary:
  Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China The severe acute respiratory syndrome Evidence of a novel human coronavirus that is associated with respiratory tract disease in infants and young children Association between a novel human coronavirus and Kawasaki disease Identification of a new human coronavirus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease Polymerase activity in lymphocyte culture supernatants from patients with Kawasaki disease Active or recent parvovirus B19 infection in children with Kawasaki disease Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in cardiac and aortic tissues from chronic, active Epstein-Barr virus infection associated with Kawasaki disease-like coronary artery aneurysms Demonstration of Chlamydia pneumoniae in cardiovascular tissues from children with Kawasaki disease Toxic shock syndrome toxin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus in Kawasaki syndrome Kawasaki syndrome: description of two outbreaks in the United States Investigation of Kawasaki syndrome risk factors in Colorado Effect of specific humoral immunity and some non-specific factors on resistance of volunteers to respiratory coronavirus infection Detection of human coronavirus 229E in nasal washings using RNA:RNA hybridisation The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man IgA plasma cell infiltration of proximal respiratory tract, pancreas, kidney, and coronary artery in acute Kawasaki disease Oligoclonal IgA response in the vascular wall in acute Kawasaki disease Detection of antigen in bronchial epithelium and macrophages in acute Kawasaki disease by use of synthetic antibody Kawasaki syndrome Cutting edge: CD8 T cell-mediated demyelination is IFN-gamma dependent in mice infected with a neurotropic coronavirus Natural history of a recurrent feline coronavirus infection and the role of cellular immunity in survival and disease The linking of an agent to Kawasaki disease follows a long trail of previously failed or still-struggling attempts to identify the etiologic agent of this important syndrome, ranging from an unidentified retrovirus [16] , to parvovirus B19


id: cord-007187-gb1txu1o
author: Lindner, Juha
date: 2008-12-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3941
sentence: 141
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-007187-gb1txu1o.txt
txt: txt/cord-007187-gb1txu1o.txt
title:
  CD4(+) T Helper Cell Responses against Human Bocavirus Viral Protein 2 Viruslike Particles in Healthy Adults

summary:
  In the present study, we describe the recombinant expression and characterization of HBoV VP2 VLPs and their use in the detection of cellular immune responses against HBoV in healthy adults. For HBoV, 100 ng of HBoV VP2 VLPs were coated on Nunc-Immuno MediSorp plates (Nunc) in PBS overnight at 4°C, washed 6 times with washing buffer (PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20), and blocked with dilution buffer (PBS containing 2% Tween 20 and 3% FCS) for 1 h at 37°C.


id: cord-288821-nalulzfo
author: Bastien, Nathalie
title: Human Coronavirus NL63 Infection in Canada
date: 2005-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1873
sentence: 73
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-288821-nalulzfo.txt
txt: txt/cord-288821-nalulzfo.txt
summary:
  key: cord-288821-nalulzfo authors: Bastien, Nathalie; Anderson, Kelly; Hart, Laura; Caeseele, Paul Van; Brandt, Ken; Milley, Doug; Hatchette, Todd; Weiss, Elise C.; Li, Yan title: Human Coronavirus NL63 Infection in Canada date: 2005-02-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/426869 sha: doc_id: 288821 cord_uid: nalulzfo The isolation of human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) in The Netherlands raised questions about its contribution to respiratory illness. HCoV-NL63 was found in 7 of the 8 patients from this outbreak whose samples were analyzed in this study.


id: cord-002926-7ereip3x
author: Yoon, Sun-Woo
date: 2018-02-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2560
sentence: 109
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-002926-7ereip3x.txt
txt: txt/cord-002926-7ereip3x.txt
title:
  Dysregulated T-Helper Type 1 (Th1):Th2 Cytokine Profile and Poor Immune Response in Pregnant Ferrets Infected With 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus

summary:
  Together, these results suggest that both innate and adaptive immune responses are impaired in pregnant ferrets during influenza virus infection. Pregnant women are at risk of increased mortality and morbidity due to influenza virus infection [1] .


id: cord-279311-msh9wvsh
author: Wang, Fan
title: Characteristics of Peripheral Lymphocyte Subset Alteration in COVID-19 Pneumonia
date: 2020-03-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2730
sentence: 139
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-279311-msh9wvsh.txt
txt: txt/cord-279311-msh9wvsh.txt
summary:
  Lymphocytes and the subsets of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the maintenance of immune system function. Compared to healthy controls, COVID-19 patients had a significantly lower total lymphocytes (P < .0001), CD4 + T cells (P < .0001), CD8 + T cells (P < .0001), B cells (P = .0003), and NK cells (P < .0001)


id: cord-289406-54vyzxjf
author: Edwards, Suzanne
date: 1992-01-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3505
sentence: 180
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-289406-54vyzxjf.txt
txt: txt/cord-289406-54vyzxjf.txt
title:
  An Experimental Model for Myocarditis and Congestive Heart Failure after Rabbit Coronavirus Infection

summary:
  Viruses have long been recognized as important etiologic agents of heart disease in humans and experimental animals [1-3). In humans and experimental animals, viruses commonly linked to heart disease include the picornaviruses, paramyxoviruses, myxoviruses, alphaviruses, and coronaviruses


id: cord-007234-hcpa8ej5
author: Renwick, Neil
date: 2007-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2515
sentence: 90
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-007234-hcpa8ej5.txt
txt: txt/cord-007234-hcpa8ej5.txt
title:
  A Recently Identified Rhinovirus Genotype Is Associated with Severe Respiratory-Tract Infection in Children in Germany

summary:
  Frequency and natural history of rhinovirus infections in adults during autumn Viruses and bacteria in the etiology of the common cold The seasonality of rhinovirus infections and its implications for clinical recognition Characterization and classification of ECHO 28-rhinovirus-coryzavirus agents Detection of rhinovirus RNA in lower airway cells during experimentally induced infection Rhinoviruses infect the lower airways Quantitative and qualitative analysis of rhinovirus infection in bronchial tissues Rhinovirus and the lower respiratory tract Interleukin-10 gene expression in acute virus-induced asthma Rhinovirus viremia in children with respiratory infections Viral infections of human Association of rhinovirus infection with increased disease severity in acute bronchiolitis International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Universal Database of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Virus taxonomy: eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Antigenic groupings of 90 rhinovirus serotypes A collaborative report: rhinoviruses-extension of the numbering system from 89 to 100 Two groups of rhinoviruses revealed by a panel of antiviral compounds present sequence divergence and differential pathogenicity Alignment of capsid protein VP1 sequences of all human rhinovirus prototype strains: conserved motifs and functional domains Molecular relationships between 21 human rhinovirus serotypes Genetic clustering of all 102 human rhinovirus prototype strains: serotype 87 is close to human enterovirus 70 Many rhinovirus serotypes share the same cellular receptor The major and minor group receptor families contain all but one human rhinovirus serotype Human rhinovirus 87 and enterovirus 68 represent a unique serotype with rhinovirus and enterovirus features VP1 sequencing of all human rhinovirus serotypes: insights into genus phylogeny and susceptibility to antiviral capsid-binding compounds Rapid simultaneous diagnosis of infections with respiratory syncytial viruses A and B, influenza viruses A and B, and human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 by multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-enzyme hybridization assay (Hexaplex) GeneScan reverse transcription-PCR assay for detection of six common respiratory viruses in young children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness Diagnostic system for rapid and sensitive differential detection of pathogens Microarray-based detection and genotyping of viral pathogens Panmicrobial oligonucleotide array for diagnosis of infectious diseases MassTag polymerase-chainreaction detection of respiratory pathogens, including a new rhinovirus genotype, that caused influeza-like illness in New York State during Microarray detection of human parainfluenzavirus 4 infection associated with respiratory failure in an immunocompetent adult Improved detection of rhinoviruses in nasal and throat swabs by seminested RT-PCR Molecular diagnosis of human rhinovirus infections: comparison with virus isolation Detection of rhinoviruses by tissue culture and two independent amplification techniques, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification and reverse transcription-PCR, in children with acute respiratory infections during a winter season Picornavirus infections in children diagnosed by RT-PCR during longitudinal surveillance with weekly sampling: association with symptomatic illness and effect of season Application of a fluorogenic PCR assay for typing and subtyping of influenza viruses in respiratory samples Simultaneous detection of fourteen respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by two multiplex reverse transcription nested-PCR assays MEGA3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment Use of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of picornavirus infection in subjects with and without respiratory symptoms Human picornavirus and coronavirus RNA in nasopharynx of children without concurrent respiratory symptoms Novel Rhinovirus Genotype in LRTI • JID Respiratory picornaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus as causative agents of acute expiratory wheezing in children Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care: IgE and eosinophil analyses Rhinovirus-associated hospitalizations in young children Persistence of rhinovirus and enterovirus RNA after acute respiratory illness in children Lower airways inflammation during rhinovirus colds in normal and in asthmatic subjects Low grade rhinovirus infection induces a prolonged release of IL-8 in pulmonary epithelium Rhinovirus replication causes RANTES production in primary bronchial epithelial cells Rhinovirus infection increases 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 in bronchial biopsy specimens from nonatopic subjects Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population.


id: cord-299835-92karhpl
author: Ho, Khek Y.
date: 2004-02-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3528
sentence: 139
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-299835-92karhpl.txt
txt: txt/cord-299835-92karhpl.txt
title:
  Mild Illness Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection: Lessons from a Prospective Seroepidemiologic Study of Health-Care Workers in a Teaching Hospital in Singapore

summary:
  The present study is the first to document SARS infection in HCWs with normal chest radiographs. The second important finding we observed is that individuals who did not have direct contact with patients with SARS also both developed clinical SARS and experienced seroconversion with milder illness.


id: cord-269383-1tyorrb0
author: Lai, Christopher K C
date: 2020-08-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2848
sentence: 128
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-269383-1tyorrb0.txt
txt: txt/cord-269383-1tyorrb0.txt
title:
  Prospective study comparing deep-throat saliva with other respiratory tract specimens in the diagnosis of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

summary:
  They found that 6/58 (10.3%) of saliva specimens were falsely negative. We suggest DTS to be differentiated from saliva specimens collected from anterior buccal cavity, or those collected by the -drooling technique‖ where saliva was collected intraorally with the use of a pipette [26] .


id: cord-261241-eqf6ame6
author: van Beek, Josine
date: 2017-08-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4447
sentence: 209
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-261241-eqf6ame6.txt
txt: txt/cord-261241-eqf6ame6.txt
title:
  Influenza-like Illness Incidence Is Not Reduced by Influenza Vaccination in a Cohort of Older Adults, Despite Effectively Reducing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Virus Infections

summary:
  Influenza virus was not detected in the corresponding recovery samples in this season, suggesting that influenza virus was the actual cause of ILI. key: cord-261241-eqf6ame6 authors: van Beek, Josine; Veenhoven, Reinier H; Bruin, Jacob P; van Boxtel, Renée A J; de Lange, Marit M A; Meijer, Adam; Sanders, Elisabeth A M; Rots, Nynke Y; Luytjes, Willem title: Influenza-like Illness Incidence Is Not Reduced by Influenza Vaccination in a Cohort of Older Adults, Despite Effectively Reducing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Virus Infections date: 2017-08-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix268 sha: doc_id: 261241 cord_uid: eqf6ame6 BACKGROUND: Data on the relative contribution of influenza virus and other respiratory pathogens to respiratory infections in community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) are needed.


id: cord-253768-y35m3vh1
author: Springer, Sandra A
date: 2020-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5850
sentence: 217
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-253768-y35m3vh1.txt
txt: txt/cord-253768-y35m3vh1.txt
title:
  Federal and State Action Needed to End the Infectious Complications of Illicit Drug Use in the United States: IDSA and HIVMA’s Advocacy Agenda

summary:
  Priority issues for IDSA and HIVMA were provisions authorizing funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to eliminate opioid related infections through improved surveillance and prevention for infections linked to IDU and funding for the Health Resources and Services Administration to build workforce capacity through a new Substance Use Treatment Provider Loan Forgiveness Program, offering up to $250 000 in loan repayment over 6 years for providers working in substance use treatment facilities [20] . Only about 5% of the nation's physicians have waivers to prescribe buprenorphine and most substance use treatment programs do not have opioid treatment programs, which makes methadone treatment challenging to obtain [18] .


id: cord-291486-5h96msv1
author: Kistler, Amy
date: 2007-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4484
sentence: 165
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-291486-5h96msv1.txt
txt: txt/cord-291486-5h96msv1.txt
title:
  Pan-Viral Screening of Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults With and Without Asthma Reveals Unexpected Human Coronavirus and Human Rhinovirus Diversity

summary:
  All viral-positive calls were confirmed by recovery of viral sequence. Between 50% and 80% of asthma exacerbations are associated with viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs), yet the influence of viral pathogen diversity on asthma outcomes is poorly understood because of the limited scope and throughput of conventional viral detection methods.


id: cord-277735-a9gkath5
author: Leung, Danny Tze Ming
date: 2004-07-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4032
sentence: 168
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-277735-a9gkath5.txt
txt: txt/cord-277735-a9gkath5.txt
title:
  Antibody Response of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Targets the Viral Nucleocapsid

summary:
  Recombinant viral antigens. Similar results were obtained when the purified N2 and N3 antigens were used as the inhibitor in the WB analysis ( figure 3A) .


id: cord-304766-h9kuytuf
author: Lei, Hao
date: 2020-09-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1761
sentence: 71
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-304766-h9kuytuf.txt
txt: txt/cord-304766-h9kuytuf.txt
title:
  Non-pharmaceutical interventions used to control COVID-19 reduced seasonal influenza transmission in China

summary:
  The reduction of 64% is significantly higher than the reported efficiency of single interventions used against influenza epidemics in the past, such as school closure (16-18% reduction of seasonal influenza cases) Results show that the incidence rate of seasonal influenza reduced by 64% in 2019/20 (p&0.001).


id: cord-266695-ktbgm0p9
author: Dawson, Liza
title: SARS-CoV-2 Human Challenge Trials: Too Risky, Too Soon
date: 2020-06-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1454
sentence: 62
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-266695-ktbgm0p9.txt
txt: txt/cord-266695-ktbgm0p9.txt
summary:
  There is no guarantee that any trial, or series of trials, will produce a viable vaccine: consider vaccine research for HIV or hepatitis C. There is also little precedent for FDA to license a vaccine primarily based on evidence from challenge studies (recent approval of a cholera vaccine is an exceptional case [8] ). Eyal et al. allude to other research involving risks of severe disease or death, including human challenge studies for other diseases.


id: cord-258905-0hgdtalg
author: Bond, Katherine
date: 2020-08-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3669
sentence: 134
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-258905-0hgdtalg.txt
txt: txt/cord-258905-0hgdtalg.txt
title:
  Evaluation of Serological Tests for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for Serology Testing in a Low-Prevalence Setting

summary:
  The overall sensitivity for either IgA or IgG detection was 67.9% (95% CI, 59.4%-75.6%) and specificity was 72.8% (95% CI, 62.6%-81.6%) CONCLUSIONS: Performance characteristics for COVID-19 serological assays were generally lower than those reported by manufacturers.


id: cord-268490-e8jub01m
author: Moscona, Anne
title: CSI Microbiology: Emerging Pathogens and a Staged Strategy for Detection and Discovery
date: 2007-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1070
sentence: 37
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-268490-e8jub01m.txt
txt: txt/cord-268490-e8jub01m.txt
summary:
  In recent years, there has been substantial progress in applying molecular biologic advances to respiratory virus diagnosis [1] ; nonetheless, a major gap has been the lack of a costeffective, systematic way to identify the causes of respiratory diseases in populations. [2] and used in their study investigating the etiology of respiratory disease in hospitalized children, provides a paradigm for new detection strategies for early recognition and containment of a wide range of respiratory pathogens.


id: cord-279725-d82sj80v
author: Ströher, Ute
title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus Is Inhibited by Interferon-α
date: 2004-04-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2238
sentence: 92
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-279725-d82sj80v.txt
txt: txt/cord-279725-d82sj80v.txt
summary:
  The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Inhibitory effects of ribavirin alone or combined with human alpha interferon on feline infectious peritonitis virus replication in vitro Prospects for treatment of viral hemorrhagic fevers with ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug Effect of ribavirin on bunyavirus reproduction in cell culture and in an experiment on white mice Inhibitory effect of selected antiviral compounds on arenavirus replication in vitro The biological relationship of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) strains and interferon: in vitro induction and sensitivities Comparative susceptibility of respiratory viruses to recombinant interferons-alpha 2b and -beta Inhibitory effects of recombinant feline interferon on the replication of feline enteropathogenic viruses in vitro Antiviral action of interferon-alpha against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS virus: a preliminary report Clinical pharmacokinetics of interferons Plasma exchange and interferon-alpha pharmacokinetics in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated systemic vasculitis Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of exogenous human beta interferon gene in simian cells defective in interferon synthesis Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus In contrast, IFN-α showed an in vitro inhibitory effect starting at concentrations of 1000 IU/mL. In conclusion, ribavirin alone is unlikely to be beneficial in the prophylaxis or treatment of SARS CoV infections.


id: cord-007009-4wbvdg1r
author: Takahashi, Toru
date: 2014-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4691
sentence: 204
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-007009-4wbvdg1r.txt
txt: txt/cord-007009-4wbvdg1r.txt
title:
  The First Identification and Retrospective Study of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Japan

summary:
  SFTSV RNA was present, with high copy numbers, in the right axillary and cervical lymph node sections (Supplementary Table 3 ). Consistent with immunohistochemical analysis results, low copy numbers (100-1000 copies) of SFTSV RNA were also detected in the bone marrow, the spleen, the liver, and the adrenal glands.


id: cord-275355-4izc5jxs
author: Hayden, Frederick
title: Transmission of Avian Influenza Viruses to and between Humans
date: 2005-10-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2250
sentence: 79
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-275355-4izc5jxs.txt
txt: txt/cord-275355-4izc5jxs.txt
summary:
  Documentation of seropositivity for avian influenza viruses in farm workers is not a new finding [3] , and previous studies have assessed human susceptibility by intranasal inoculation of selected avian influenza viruses [4] . Transmission of avian influenza virus likely encompasses these routes, as well as others.


id: cord-333411-hqtb4a2c
author: Tan, Tina Q
title: Location Matters: Geographic Disparities and Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
date: 2020-09-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1770
sentence: 65
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-333411-hqtb4a2c.txt
txt: txt/cord-333411-hqtb4a2c.txt
summary:
  M a n u s c r i p t COVID-19 and the unequal surge in mortality rates in Code measures of poverty, household crowding, race/ethnicity, and racialized economic segregation Racial disparities emerge in Tennessee's testing for COVID-19 Data on COVID-19 cases in Unhealthier states have lower COVID-19 testing rates Rural America could be the region hardest hit by the COVID-19 outbreak Geographic access to United States SARS-CoV-2 testing sites highlights healthcare disparities and may bias transmission estimates Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and Canadian pediatric intensive care units Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. A recent analysis highlighted that geographic access to COVID-19 testing sites is as uneven as access to overall health care, with higher travel times to COVID-19 test sites in rural counties and in counties with a larger non-white or uninsured population, suggesting that COVID-19 cases are potentially under-counted and under-reported in these areas.


id: cord-299149-lc2dxvxz
author: Chen, I-Cheng Mark
date: 2019-06-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4278
sentence: 152
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-299149-lc2dxvxz.txt
txt: txt/cord-299149-lc2dxvxz.txt
title:
  Evidence for Cross-Protection Against Subsequent Febrile Respiratory Illness Episodes From Prior Infections by Different Viruses Among Singapore Military Recruits 2009–2014

summary:
  Mosaic diseases in the Canary Islands, West Africa and Gibraltar Interference phenomena between animal viruses; a review Classics in oncology: virus interference: I. the interferon Investigating viral interference between influenza a virus and human respiratory syncytial virus in a ferret model of infection Virus interference between H7N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus and lentogenic Newcastle disease virus in experimental co-infections in chickens and turkeys Interval between infections and viral hierarchy are determinants of viral interference following influenza virus infection in a ferret model Impact of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses: a comparison of pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a subtropical city Early occurrence of influenza A epidemics coincided with changes in occurrence of other respiratory virus infections Possible interference between seasonal epidemics of influenza and other respiratory viruses in Hong Kong Does viral interference affect spread of influenza? [12] and influenza virus infections, with the latter 2 viral infections framed as the outcomes of interest [12, 13] .


id: cord-341667-ayl71jpc
author: Van Reeth, Kristien
date: 1998-04-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1971
sentence: 93
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-341667-ayl71jpc.txt
txt: txt/cord-341667-ayl71jpc.txt
title:
  Bronchoalveolar Interferon-α, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-1, and Inflammation during Acute Influenza in Pigs: A Possible Model for Humans?

summary:
  Levels of the three cytokines were significantly higher 18 -24 h after inoculation than at 48 -72 h after inoculation (P õ Clinical responses, influenza virus titers, BAL cell numbers, percentage of neutrophils, and cytokine titers of individual pigs .016 for all three cytokines). Evidence for a role of TNF-a and IL-1 in influenza virus right lung was lavaged with 60 mL of PBS.


id: cord-312552-udky2ko7
author: Fouque, Florence
date: 2020-10-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3863
sentence: 129
flesch: 29
cache: cache/cord-312552-udky2ko7.txt
txt: txt/cord-312552-udky2ko7.txt
title:
  Introduction to a Landscape Analysis of Multisectoral Approaches for Prevention and Control of Infectious and Vector-Borne Diseases

summary:
  The single-oriented control take into account only one sector and one approach such health sector and vector control, opposite to a multisectoral one taking into consideration more than one sector such health and water and more than a single approach such as vector control and water management. Although WHO is recommending intersectoral collaboration as one of the key elements of integrated vector management and assumed this would make an important contribution to VBDs control and elimination, there is limited evidence comparing the effect and contribution of intersectoral approaches with those of the health sector only.


id: cord-288485-m3g88fl2
author: Lam, Katherine W
date: 2020-07-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3720
sentence: 153
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-288485-m3g88fl2.txt
txt: txt/cord-288485-m3g88fl2.txt
title:
  Continued In-Hospital Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use in Hypertensive COVID-19 Patients Is Associated With Positive Clinical Outcome

summary:
  Several clinical studies have reported that ACEi/ARB use in COVID-19 patients with hypertension does not worsen COVID-19 disease severity or mortality Li et al accounted for inpatient use of ACEi/ARBs in COVID-19 patients, defining ACEi/ARB use as use of the medications at admission and continued throughout hospitalization [20] .


id: cord-313000-as507p4t
author: Dare, Ryan K.
date: 2007-11-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4130
sentence: 153
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-313000-as507p4t.txt
txt: txt/cord-313000-as507p4t.txt
title:
  Human Coronavirus Infections in Rural Thailand: A Comprehensive Study Using Real-Time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays

summary:
  Given the year-to-year variation in the prevalence of HCoV infections, only a multiyear study may be able to definitively assess whether an association between HCoV infection and severe illness exists. HCoV infections were detected throughout both study years; 93.6% of OC43 infections in the first year occurred from January through March.


id: cord-335375-n6q70o35
author: Chan, Paul K. S.
date: 2005-07-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2194
sentence: 76
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-335375-n6q70o35.txt
txt: txt/cord-335375-n6q70o35.txt
title:
  Antibody Avidity Maturation during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus Infection

summary:
  Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Laboratory-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan, China Update 4: review of probable and laboratory-confirmed SARS cases in southern China Investigation into China's recent SARS outbreak yields important lessons for global public health Changes in antibody avidity after virus infections: detection by an immunosorbent assay in which a mild protein-denaturing agent is employed Avidity of IgG in serodiagnosis of infectious diseases Comparative evaluation of the use of immunoblots and of IgG avidity assays as confirmatory tests for the diagnosis of acute EBV infections Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1 Measurement of antibody avidity can be used to differentiate primary infection from reexposure and to assess humoral responses to candidate vaccines 2003 and January 2004)


id: cord-321006-rxuq3ux8
author: Chang, Luan-Yin
date: 2006-01-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2338
sentence: 88
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-321006-rxuq3ux8.txt
txt: txt/cord-321006-rxuq3ux8.txt
title:
  Lack of Association between Infection with a Novel Human Coronavirus (HCoV), HCoV-NH, and Kawasaki Disease in Taiwan

summary:
  We also enrolled patients with incomplete KD, defined as occurring in patients who had !5 of the above manifestations but who had a coronary arterial abnormality. Fifty-two patients (98%) fulfilled the criteria for KD (28 fulfilled all 6 of the criteria, and 24 fulfilled 5 of the criteria), and only 1 patient had incomplete KD (4 criteria plus left coronary arterial dilatation of 3.9 mm in diameter).


id: cord-296197-ohfhnpma
author: Deborggraeve, Stijn
title: A Simplified and Standardized Polymerase Chain Reaction Format for the Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis
date: 2008-11-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4238
sentence: 169
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-296197-ohfhnpma.txt
txt: txt/cord-296197-ohfhnpma.txt
summary:
  We describe here the development of a simple and rapid test for the detection of polymerase chain reaction-amplified Leishmania DNA. The lower detection limits of the assay are 10 fg of Leishmania DNA and 1 parasite in 180 µL of blood.


id: cord-334988-brumg6jh
author: Traugott, Marianna
date: 2020-05-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2246
sentence: 74
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-334988-brumg6jh.txt
txt: txt/cord-334988-brumg6jh.txt
title:
  Performance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Assays in Different Stages of Infection: Comparison of Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and Rapid Tests

summary:
  Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)based tests quickly became the cornerstone of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, the potential of antibody tests has not been comprehensively evaluated. Although test sensitivities were low (<40%) within the first 5 days after disease onset, immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and total antibody ELISAs increased in sensitivity to >80% between days 6 and 10 after symptom onset.


id: cord-327501-8s6dvanf
author: Schwaiger, Julia
date: 2020-09-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2373
sentence: 82
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-327501-8s6dvanf.txt
txt: txt/cord-327501-8s6dvanf.txt
title:
  No SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization by Intravenous Immunoglobulins Produced From Plasma Collected Before the 2020 Pandemic

summary:
  With increasing numbers of human infections, including in the plasma donor community, it is interesting to follow the development of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in plasma donations and, after the several months production cycle time between plasma donation and IVIG lot release, also in IVIG lots. In Austria, testing of plasma pool samples indicated that up to 1.17% of plasma donors were positive for SARS-CoV-2 nAbs.


id: cord-287210-sars5dmi
author: Woo, Patrick C. Y.
date: 2005-12-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3384
sentence: 150
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-287210-sars5dmi.txt
txt: txt/cord-287210-sars5dmi.txt
title:
  Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Features of Coronavirus HKU1–Associated Community-Acquired Pneumonia

summary:
  key: cord-287210-sars5dmi authors: Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Tsoi, Hoi-wah; Huang, Yi; Poon, Rosana W. S.; Chu, Chung-ming; Lee, Rodney A.; Luk, Wei-kwang; Wong, Gilman K. M.; Wong, Beatrice H. L.; Cheng, Vincent C. C.; Tang, Bone S. F.; Wu, Alan K. L.; Yung, Raymond W. H.; Chen, Honglin; Guan, Yi; Chan, Kwok-hung; Yuen, Kwok-yung title: Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Features of Coronavirus HKU1–Associated Community-Acquired Pneumonia date: 2005-12-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/497151 sha: doc_id: 287210 cord_uid: sars5dmi BackgroundRecently, we described the discovery of a novel group 2 coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1 (CoV-HKU1), from a patient with pneumonia. NL63 infection in Canada New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in young children with bronchiolitis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Molecular epidemiology of the novel coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Viral replication in the nasopharynx is associated with diarrhea in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus Cost-effectiveness of rapid diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients Viral loads in clinical specimens and SARS manifestations


id: cord-308979-qhlvd2mt
author: Sumino, Kaharu C.
date: 2005-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4301
sentence: 156
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-308979-qhlvd2mt.txt
txt: txt/cord-308979-qhlvd2mt.txt
title:
  Detection of Severe Human Metapneumovirus Infection by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Histopathological Assessment

summary:
  Moreover, the prevalence and other characteristics of hMPV infection in the clinical setting of patients undergoing bronchoscopy for respiratory tract infections still need to be defined. In the present study, we add several critical pieces to the diagnostic and clinical matrix for hMPV infection: (1) we detected hMPV at a frequency similar to that of other respiratory tract viruses in patients who underwent bronchoscopy for suspected respiratory tract infection; (2) we quantitatively detected hMPV by real-time PCR in bronchoscopy samples from patients with severe respiratory tract illness but not in those without symptoms or signs of respiratory tract infection; (3) we used a viral culture system to develop a specific antisense probe for hMPV and then demonstrated hMPV mRNA in the lung tissue samples; and (4) we found organizing and acute lung injury and the prominent formation of smudge cells in the lung tissue samples of these patients, thereby suggesting that this pattern may be characteristic of hMPV infection.


id: cord-309786-8zyf9e3k
author: Karron, Ruth A
date: 2019-10-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4881
sentence: 176
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-309786-8zyf9e3k.txt
txt: txt/cord-309786-8zyf9e3k.txt
title:
  Safety and Immunogenicity of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L in RSV-Seronegative Children

summary:
  Furthermore, candidate live attenuated RSV vaccines [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] have not caused the vaccine-associated enhanced RSV disease that was observed in children who received formalin-inactivated RSV [13] and that also seemed to be associated with administration of RSV subunit vaccines in experimental animals [14] More than 80% of all RSV-associated LRIs (RSV-LRIs) and more than half of the RSV-associated deaths in low-and middle-income countries were estimated to occur in infants ≥6 months old, highlighting the importance of developing RSV vaccines for active immunization of infants and children [4] .


id: cord-324001-m7ys95z7
author: Kobinger, Gary P.
date: 2010-04-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3590
sentence: 120
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-324001-m7ys95z7.txt
txt: txt/cord-324001-m7ys95z7.txt
title:
  Assessment of the Efficacy of Commercially Available and Candidate Vaccines against a Pandemic H1N1 2009 Virus

summary:
  FluSure or pH1N1inact did not generate detectable HAI antibody titers against the seasonal H1N1 strain A/Brisbane/59/2007 included in conventional seasonal influenza vaccines, such as Fluviral or FluMist. H5N1 virus challenge in mice and ferrets Antibody-mediated growth of influenza A NWS virus in macrophagelike cell line P388D1 Infection enhancement of influenza A NWS virus in primary murine macrophages by anti-hemagglutinin monoclonal antibody Subtype cross-reactive, infectionenhancing antibody responses to influenza A viruses The immune response and maternal antibody interference to a heterologous H1N1 swine influenza virus infection following vaccination Immunosuppression during acute infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus in swine is mediated by IL-10 Alveolar macrophages are indispensable for controlling influenza viruses in lungs of pigs


id: cord-293579-w5sub348
author: Che, Xiao-yan
date: 2005-06-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2581
sentence: 87
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-293579-w5sub348.txt
txt: txt/cord-293579-w5sub348.txt
title:
  Antigenic Cross-Reactivity between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Associated Coronavirus and Human Coronaviruses 229E and OC43

summary:
  A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Human coronavirus infections Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Antigenic cross-reactivity between the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and polyclonal antisera of antigenic group I animal coronaviruses: implication for SARS diagnosis Evaluation of antibody responses against SARS coronaviral nucleocapsid or spike proteins by immunoblotting or ELISA Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with suspected SARS Sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of nucleocapsid antigen in sera from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Antigenic relationships among proteins of bovine coronavirus, human respiratory coronavirus OC43, and mouse hepatitis coronavirus A59 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses Antigenic relationships among the coronaviruses of man and between human and animal coronaviruses Antigenic relationship of the feline infectious peritonitis virus to coronaviruses of other species Immunogenicity and antigenicity of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome We thank Biao Di (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, People's Republic of China), for providing the serological data of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome for analysis, and San Francisco Edit, for assistance in editing the manuscript. The serum samples from patients with SARS had antibody responses to SARS-CoV as well as to HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 when nucleocapsid proteins were used in the Western blot analysis and when CoV-infected cells were used in the IFA.


id: cord-341548-gazsszs6
author: Buscho, R. O.
title: Infections with Viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae during Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis
date: 1978-04-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3113
sentence: 136
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-341548-gazsszs6.txt
txt: txt/cord-341548-gazsszs6.txt
summary:
  Viral infections among patients with chronic bronchitis occurred as defined outbreaks ( figure 1) In this study, viral and M. pneumoniae infections were common in patients during exacerbation, but such infections occurred also in these patients without worsening of their respiratory status. Although patients included in the study for a longer time experienced somewhat more virus and M. pneumoniae infections, the relationship was not linear, a finding suggesting that individual differences in rates of infection could not be attributed exclusively to the duration of participation in the study.


id: cord-345727-bcxkycjh
author: Karimata, Yosuke
date: 2018-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3381
sentence: 168
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-345727-bcxkycjh.txt
txt: txt/cord-345727-bcxkycjh.txt
title:
  Clinical Features of Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia in Non-Immunocompromised Patients: An Investigation of Three Long-Term Care Facility Outbreaks

summary:
  Patients with hMPV infection were identified during 3 independent LTCF outbreaks in Okinawa, a subtropical region of Japan. During the outbreaks, 105 patients with hMPV infections (30 confirmed cases and 75 probable cases) were identified.


id: cord-317232-qk72i0gv
author: Gierer, Stefanie
date: 2015-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4960
sentence: 188
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-317232-qk72i0gv.txt
txt: txt/cord-317232-qk72i0gv.txt
title:
  Inhibition of Proprotein Convertases Abrogates Processing of the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein in Infected Cells but Does Not Reduce Viral Infectivity

summary:
  Of note, no inhibitory effect was detected when 293T cells transfected to express DPP4 were chosen as targets (Figure 4B) , indicating that S protein processing in virus-producing cells might be dispensable for infectivity when target cells express robust amounts of DPP4. The coronavirus spike protein and acquisition of fusion competence Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC The spike protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2, and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: Cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection mediated by the transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 Role of the spike glycoprotein of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in virus entry and syncytia formation Proteolytic activation of the spike protein at a novel RRRR/S motif is implicated in furin-dependent entry, syncytium formation, and infectivity of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus in cultured cells Inhibition of furin-mediated cleavage activation of HIV-1 glycoprotein gp160 Influenza virus hemagglutinin with multibasic cleavage site is activated by furin, a subtilisin-like endoprotease Furin at the cutting edge: from protein traffic to embryogenesis and disease Viral envelope glycoprotein processing by proprotein convertases DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR bind ebola glycoproteins and enhance infection of macrophages and endothelial cells Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response Highly conserved regions within the spike proteins of human coronaviruses 229E and NL63 determine recognition of their respective cellular receptors Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclear phagocytes Codon usage optimization of HIV type 1 subtype C gag, pol, env, and nef genes: in vitro expression and immune responses in DNA-vaccinated mice Comparative analysis of Ebola virus glycoprotein interactions with human and bat cells Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections Highly potent inhibitors of proprotein convertase furin as potential drugs for treatment of infectious diseases Processing of the Ebola virus glycoprotein by the proprotein convertase furin The Lassa virus glycoprotein precursor GP-C is proteolytically processed by subtilase SKI-1/S1P The biology and therapeutic targeting of the proprotein convertases Expression profiling of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and 9 in breast and ovarian carcinoma cell lines Reverse genetics demonstrates that proteolytic processing of the Ebola virus glycoprotein is not essential for replication in cell culture Proteolytic processing of the Ebola virus glycoprotein is not critical for Ebola virus replication in nonhuman primates TMPRSS2 activates the human coronavirus 229E for cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the respiratory epithelium Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Role of proteases in the release of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus from infected cells Phenotypic analysis of mice lacking the Tmprss2-encoded protease Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus glycoproteins are targeted by neutralizing antibodies and can use DC-SIGN as a receptor for pH-dependent entry into human and animal cell lines Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in saudi arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein delivered by modified vaccinia virus Ankara efficiently induces virus-neutralizing antibodies Cleavage inhibition of the murine coronavirus spike protein by a furin-like enzyme affects cell-cell but not virus-cell fusion Proteolytic cleavage of the E2 glycoprotein of murine coronavirus: host-dependent differences in proteolytic cleavage and cell fusion Coronavirus IBV: partial amino terminal sequencing of spike polypeptide S2 identifies the sequence Arg-Arg-Phe-Arg-Arg at the cleavage site of the spike precursor propolypeptide of IBV strains Beaudette and M41 Implication of proprotein convertases in the processing and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Furin cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein enhances cell-cell fusion but does not affect virion entry Different host cell proteases activate the SARS-coronavirus spike-protein for cell-cell and virus-cell fusion Acknowledgments.


id: cord-332537-rtdu4jae
author: Tong, Tommy R.
title: Airborne Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Its Implications
date: 2005-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1163
sentence: 45
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-332537-rtdu4jae.txt
txt: txt/cord-332537-rtdu4jae.txt
summary:
  Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome on aircraft Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory system (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Airborne transmission of communicable infection-the elusive pathway Detection of varicellazoster virus DNA in air samples from hospital rooms A school outbreak of Norwalk-like virus: evidence for airborne transmission Airborne dispersal as a novel transmission route of coagulase-negative staphylococci: interaction between coagulase-negative staphylococci and rhinovirus infection Experimental airborne transmission of PRRS virus Laboratory-acquired SARS raises worries on biosafety World Health Organization. Because none of the SARS-CoV cultures were found to be positive and host infection was not involved, the authors rightly avoided drawing a conclusion of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV. Definitive proof of transmission will need to come from experiments similar to those performed by Riley et al.


id: cord-261472-qcu73sdu
author: Yao, Yong Xiu
title: Cleavage and Serum Reactivity of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein
date: 2004-07-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3859
sentence: 137
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-261472-qcu73sdu.txt
txt: txt/cord-261472-qcu73sdu.txt
summary:
  To investigate SCoV S protein, full-length and individual domains of S protein were expressed on the surface of insect cells and were characterized for cleavability and reactivity with serum samples obtained from patients during the convalescent phase of SARS. No human CoV OC43 serum samples were available for the present study, so the reactivity of CoV OC43 with SARS S protein could not be assessed.


id: cord-329392-fufattj8
author: den Hartog, Gerco
date: 2020-08-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4345
sentence: 169
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-329392-fufattj8.txt
txt: txt/cord-329392-fufattj8.txt
title:
  SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibody Detection for Seroepidemiology: A Multiplex Analysis Approach Accounting for Accurate Seroprevalence

summary:
  Many countries now aim to assess the protective status of the general population for COVID-19 using antibody assays. For the ROC analyses antibody concentrations of cross-sectional Pienter3 participants (n = 224), ILI patients with coronavirus (n = 74), or other viral infection (n = 110) were used as the negative control group and PCR-confirmed COVID-19 samples (n = 115) with various clinical severities were used in the positive group.


id: cord-301340-lhh04pum
author: Jamieson, Frances B.
title: Human Torovirus: A New Nosocomial Gastrointestinal Pathogen
date: 1998-11-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3411
sentence: 151
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-301340-lhh04pum.txt
txt: txt/cord-301340-lhh04pum.txt
summary:
  We used McNemar's x 2 test to compare concordance of matched pairs of gastroenteritis patients and asymptomatic controls described in study 1. Particles resembling toroviruses have been reported in stools of gastroenteritis patients, although in some cases they were designated coronavirus-like particles [15, [31]


id: cord-002333-90f9vr0a
author: Madan, Anuradha
date: 2016-12-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4273
sentence: 172
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-002333-90f9vr0a.txt
txt: txt/cord-002333-90f9vr0a.txt
title:
  Immunogenicity and Safety of an AS03-Adjuvanted H7N9 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in a Randomized Trial in Healthy Adults

summary:
  Pain was the most common solicited injection site symptom, as observed in other studies of adjuvanted influenza vaccines [12-17, 19, 31, 32] . The safety analysis was descriptive and was performed on the total vaccinated cohort ( participants who received ≥1 dose of study vaccine or placebo).


id: cord-297432-2edncbgn
author: Helleberg, Marie
date: 2020-07-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2399
sentence: 116
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-297432-2edncbgn.txt
txt: txt/cord-297432-2edncbgn.txt
title:
  Persistent COVID-19 in an Immunocompromised Patient Temporarily Responsive to Two Courses of Remdesivir Therapy

summary:
  This pattern was repeated during and after a second course of remdesivir treatment. The role of ongoing viral infection versus a secondary hyperreactive immune response in the aftermath of viral replication for the development of severe COVID-19 is not completely understood [6] .


id: cord-344271-5aynmdsk
author: de Souza Luna, Luciano Kleber
date: 2007-03-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2308
sentence: 122
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-344271-5aynmdsk.txt
txt: txt/cord-344271-5aynmdsk.txt
title:
  Spectrum of Viruses and Atypical Bacteria in Intercontinental Air Travelers with Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection

summary:
  Respiratory infections during air travel Aircraft cabin air recirculation and symptoms of the common cold Prevalence of respiratory symptoms among female flight attendants and teachers Transmission of infectious diseases during commercial air travel Community-acquired pneumonia Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Internally controlled real-time PCR monitoring of adenovirus DNA load in serum or plasma of transplant recipients Amplicon sequencing and improved detection of human rhinovirus in respiratory samples Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples Single-run, parallel detection of DNA from three pneumonia-producing bacteria by real-time polymerase chain reaction Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Detection of human bocavirus in Japanese children with lower respiratory tract infections Enhanced identification of viral and atypical bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract samples with nucleic acid amplification tests Surveillance of respiratory virus infections in adult hospital admissions using rapid methods Characterization of viral agents causing acute respiratory infection in a San Francisco University Medical Center Clinic during the influenza season Respiratory samples ( ) from n p 214 172 patients were available.


id: cord-315328-8g40ukml
author: Clementi, Nicola
date: 2020-06-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2282
sentence: 75
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-315328-8g40ukml.txt
txt: txt/cord-315328-8g40ukml.txt
title:
  Interferon-β-1a Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Coronavirus 2 In Vitro When Administered After Virus Infection

summary:
  a comparative review of open-label studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, or dosing of different interferon beta formulations alone or in combination Treatment of SARS with human interferons Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19 Interferon-β 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication is severely impaired by MG132 due to proteasome-independent inhibition of M-calpain Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-α Interferon-a2b treatment for Antiviral activities of type I interferons to SARS-CoV-2 infection Recombinant leukocyte A interferon: Cell supernatants collected 48 and 72 hours after infection from different cells treated with all drug concentrations were analyzed using RT-PCR.


id: cord-307918-8y89p11a
author: Onyango, Clayton O.
date: 2012-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3681
sentence: 145
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-307918-8y89p11a.txt
txt: txt/cord-307918-8y89p11a.txt
title:
  Influenza Surveillance Among Children With Pneumonia Admitted to a District Hospital in Coastal Kenya, 2007–2010

summary:
  The prevalence of influenza virus of any type was 4.9% (99 of 2002 cases) among inpatients; 4.7% (76 of 1615) had severe pneumonia, and 5.9% (23 of 387) had very severe pneumonia (P = .299). Among outpatients, the prevalence of influenza virus of any type was 3.9% (13 of 331) among those with URTI and 0.5% (1 of 196) among those with non-ARI.


id: cord-011712-fyrbe8tw
author: Venkatesan, Sudhir
date: 2020-02-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4625
sentence: 155
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-011712-fyrbe8tw.txt
txt: txt/cord-011712-fyrbe8tw.txt
title:
  Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection

summary:
  Additionally, where data were available, we defined 3 further exposure variables: NAI treatment (at any time) versus no NAI treatment, early NAI treatment (initiated within ≤2 days after symptom onset) versus no NAI treatment, and early NAI treatment versus later treatment (initiated >2 days after symptom onset). In addition, we performed secondary analyses for the following exposures: NAI treatment (at any time) versus no NAI treatment, early NAI treatment (≤48 hours after symptom onset) versus later NAI treatment (>48 hours after symptom onset), and early NAI treatment versus no NAI treatment, adjusting for propensity score, in-hospital antibiotic treatment, and corticosteroid treatment.


id: cord-007375-hqmyund4
author: Tang, Yi-Wei
title: Host Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Altered Responses to Inactivated Influenza Vaccine
date: 2007-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2620
sentence: 93
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-007375-hqmyund4.txt
txt: txt/cord-007375-hqmyund4.txt
summary:
  When poor and normal responses were combined, the -1082 A allele in the IL-10 promoter conferred a significantly decreased risk of the development of adverse responses (P = .041). In comparison to the poor/normal response group, the GrA polymorphism in the IL-10 promoter Ϫ1082 allele indicated a significantly decreased risk for the development of adverse responses (OR, 0.558


id: cord-342996-honeavwj
author: Mair-Jenkins, John
date: 2015-01-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5310
sentence: 273
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-342996-honeavwj.txt
txt: txt/cord-342996-honeavwj.txt
title:
  The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis

summary:
  A further subgroup analysis of 48 patients found that receipt of convalescent plasma treatment <14 days after onset of symptoms improved the likelihood of discharge within 22 days of admission (58% vs 16%; P < .001); this remained significant after adjustment for age, viral status, time of administration, and lactate dehydrogenase level, suggesting that early treatment with convalescent plasma may be beneficial. [30] at moderate risk of bias reported exclusively on patients who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and showed a nonsignificant absolute reduction of 33% (95% CI, −20% to 87%) in the CFR after convalescent plasma treatment.


id: cord-003567-h8uq5z8b
author: Crank, Michelle C
title: Preparing for the Next Influenza Pandemic: The Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine
date: 2019-04-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1559
sentence: 56
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-003567-h8uq5z8b.txt
txt: txt/cord-003567-h8uq5z8b.txt
summary:
  Updating the accounts: global mortality of the 1918-1920 Spanish influenza pandemic Influenza vaccines: good, but we can do better Making universal influenza vaccines: lessons from the 1918 pandemic Can we predict the next influenza pandemics? Antibody determinants of influenza immunity The way forward: potentiating protective immunity to novel and pandemic influenza through engagement of memory CD4 T cells Immunodominance and antigenic variation of influenza virus hemagglutinin: implications for design of universal vaccine immunogens Dynamic perspectives on the search for a universal influenza vaccine Universal influenza vaccine approaches employing full-length or head-only HA proteins Universal influenza virus vaccines that target the conserved hemagglutinin stalk and conserved sites in the head domain The role of M2e in the development of universal influenza vaccines Neuraminidase, the forgotten surface antigen, emerges as an influenza vaccine target for broadened protection How live attenuated vaccines can Inform the development of broadly cross-protective influenza vaccines New vaccine design and delivery technologies Influenza immunization in low-and middle-income countries: preparing for next-generation influenza vaccines Novel vaccine technologies: essential components of an adequate response to emerging viral diseases Emerging viral diseases from a vaccinology perspective: preparing for the next pandemic Advances in antiviral vaccine development A universal influenza vaccine: the strategic plan for the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Historical estimates of world population On the doctrine of original antigenic sin Pandemic risk: how large are the expected losses? Vaccine development in the twenty-first century: changing paradigms for elusive viruses Improving the characterization of and expanding the reagents for these models would not only benefit influenza vaccine development but would also provide answers to immunological questions relevant to other respiratory virus infections and emerging infectious diseases in general.


id: cord-300019-8vxqr3mc
author: Shi, Ting
date: 2019-03-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3968
sentence: 157
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-300019-8vxqr3mc.txt
txt: txt/cord-300019-8vxqr3mc.txt
title:
  The Etiological Role of Common Respiratory Viruses in Acute Respiratory Infections in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

summary:
  Communityacquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. children Better tests, better care: improved diagnostics for infectious diseases Respiratory viruses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalisation: a case-control study Identification of respiratory viruses in adults: nasopharyngeal versus oropharyngeal sampling Lower respiratory tract virus findings in mechanically ventilated patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia Time lines of infection and disease in human influenza: a review of volunteer challenge studies Flu Watch Group. We aimed to identify all case-control studies investigating the potential role of respiratory viruses in the etiology of ARI in older adults aged ≥65 years.


id: cord-320764-p4ydngag
author: Breiman, Robert F.
date: 2013-12-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2823
sentence: 82
flesch: 21
cache: cache/cord-320764-p4ydngag.txt
txt: txt/cord-320764-p4ydngag.txt
title:
  Surveillance for Respiratory Infections in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Experience From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Global Disease Detection International Emerging Infections Program

summary:
  Because specimens are archived from patients with acute respiratory illness in the GDD IEIP programs with established respiratory surveillance sites, it is possible to rapidly characterize the incidence and epidemiology of newly identified pathogens (eg, pandemic A[H1N1]2009) Ultimately, the evidence generated by studies from GDD IEIP surveillance sites can inform countries' determinations of their public health priorities and generate the political will to implement effective prevention and control measures, through evidence-based policy change.


id: cord-313344-rqvi2ksc
author: Farcas, Gabriella A.
title: Fatal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Is Associated with Multiorgan Involvement by Coronavirus
date: 2005-01-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2428
sentence: 88
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-313344-rqvi2ksc.txt
txt: txt/cord-313344-rqvi2ksc.txt
summary:
  key: cord-313344-rqvi2ksc authors: Farcas, Gabriella A.; Poutanen, Susan M.; Mazzulli, Tony; Willey, Barbara M.; Butany, Jagdish; Asa, Sylvia L.; Faure, Peter; Akhavan, Poolak; Low, Donald E.; Kain, Kevin C. title: Fatal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Is Associated with Multiorgan Involvement by Coronavirus date: 2005-01-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/426870 sha: doc_id: 313344 cord_uid: rqvi2ksc Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is characterized by pulmonary compromise; however, patients often have evidence of other organ dysfunction that may reflect extrapulmonary dissemination of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). We report on the distribution and viral load of SARS-CoV in multiple organ samples from patients who died of SARS during the Toronto outbreak.


id: cord-269654-473kac75
author: Voo, Teck Chuan
title: Ethical Implementation of Immunity Passports During the COVID-19 Pandemic
date: 2020-06-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2286
sentence: 95
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-269654-473kac75.txt
txt: txt/cord-269654-473kac75.txt
summary:
  This paper brings together key scientific uncertainties regarding the use of serological tests to assure immune status and a public health ethics perspective to inform key considerations in the ethical implementation of immunity passport policies. Besides these scientific challenges, implementation of immunity passport policies raises important ethical questions [2] .


id: cord-315476-7rdiesav
author: Peret, Teresa C. T.
title: Characterization of Human Metapneumoviruses Isolated from Patients in North America
date: 2002-06-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1961
sentence: 93
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-315476-7rdiesav.txt
txt: txt/cord-315476-7rdiesav.txt
summary:
  Data from that report suggest that HMPV is similar to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), in that infection usually occurs during winter months and is common during childhood (most children have serologic evidence of infection by age 5 years). key: cord-315476-7rdiesav authors: Peret, Teresa C. T.; Boivin, Guy; Li, Yan; Couillard, Michel; Humphrey, Charles; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Erdman, Dean D.; Anderson, Larry J. title: Characterization of Human Metapneumoviruses Isolated from Patients in North America date: 2002-06-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/340518 sha: doc_id: 315476 cord_uid: 7rdiesav Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was recently identified in The Netherlands and was linked to acute respiratory tract illness.


id: cord-334242-m5dr19v4
author: Teran, Luis M.
date: 1999-03-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2249
sentence: 103
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-334242-m5dr19v4.txt
txt: txt/cord-334242-m5dr19v4.txt
title:
  RANTES, Macrophage-Inhibitory Protein 1α, and the Eosinophil Product Major Basic Protein Are Released into Upper Respiratory Secretions during Virus-Induced Asthma Exacerbations in Children

summary:
  GM-CSF, IL-5, and MBP levels in nasal aspirates. MBP levels were significantly higher in samples from acute exacerbation episodes (median, 60 ng/mL; range, !8.8-335) than from asymptomatic periods (median, !8.8


id: cord-332303-0bbw64p5
author: Schuit, Michael
title: Airborne SARS-CoV-2 is Rapidly Inactivated by Simulated Sunlight
date: 2020-06-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3602
sentence: 142
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-332303-0bbw64p5.txt
txt: txt/cord-332303-0bbw64p5.txt
summary:
  Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Extensive viable Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus contamination in air and surrounding environment in MERS isolation wards Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals Quantity and size distribution of cough-generated aerosol particles produced by influenza patients during and after illness Size distribution and sites of origin of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities Detection of Air and Surface Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Hospital Rooms of Infected Patients Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Exposure to influenza virus aerosols during routine patient care Exposure to blood-containing aerosols in the operating room: a preliminary study Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Survival characteristics of airborne human coronavirus 229E Survival of aerosolized coronavirus in the ambient air Effect of simulated solar radiation and sodium fluorescein on the recovery of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus from aerosols The Influence of Simulated Sunlight on the Inactivation of Influenza Virus in Aerosols Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions Airborne micro-organisms: survival tests with four viruses Effects of temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, and evaporation potential on survival of airborne Gumboro vaccine virus E2721-16 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Effectiveness of Decontamination Procedures for Surfaces When Challenged with Droplets Containing Human Pathogenic Viruses Beitrag zur kollektiven Behandlung pharmakologischer Reihenversuche. Study of Aerosols over Extended Periods of Time Factors affecting the viability of air-borne bacteria: I. Bacteria aerosolized from distilled water Resistance of aerosolized bacterial viruses to four germicidal products Effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on viral aerosols The influence of relative humidity on the aerosol stability of different strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus suspended in saliva Influenza A of human, swine, equine and avian origin: comparison of survival in aerosol form The survival of filoviruses in liquids, on solid substrates and in a dynamic aerosol Decay of influenza A viruses of human and avian origin The effect of relative humidity on the survival of airborne Semliki Forest virus Influenza virus infectivity is retained in aerosols and droplets independent of relative humidity Survival of airborne MS2 bacteriophage generated from human saliva, artificial saliva, and cell culture medium


id: cord-339271-t7cxqkp1
author: Pan, Yanfeng
title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 26 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers
date: 2020-04-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3285
sentence: 167
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-339271-t7cxqkp1.txt
txt: txt/cord-339271-t7cxqkp1.txt
summary:
  The study found that asymptomatic cases were mostly infected by symptomatic patients and a few were infected by asymptomatic patients. In asymptomatic patients, changes in biochemical and inflammatory variables are small and changes on chest CT can occur.


id: cord-289745-qtorq2qq
author: Esper, Frank
date: 2005-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3634
sentence: 174
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-289745-qtorq2qq.txt
txt: txt/cord-289745-qtorq2qq.txt
title:
  Evidence of a Novel Human Coronavirus That Is Associated with Respiratory Tract Disease in Infants and Young Children

summary:
  Both our study and those in The Netherlands screened respiratory specimens submitted to a diagnostic virology laboratory and used a PCR-based approach for screening. The etiological agents responsible for a substantial proportion of respiratory tract diseases have not been identified.


id: cord-320445-pdvkyzci
author: Fry, Alicia M.
date: 2007-04-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3908
sentence: 174
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-320445-pdvkyzci.txt
txt: txt/cord-320445-pdvkyzci.txt
title:
  Human Bocavirus: A Novel Parvovirus Epidemiologically Associated with Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization in Thailand

summary:
  The association of HBoV infection with pneumonia requiring hospitalization and with viral coinfections and the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of HBoV infections during the study period are described. We compared HBoV infection in patients with pneumonia with that in asymptomatic control patients enrolled between 1 September 2004 and 31 August 2005 in the same hospitals in Thailand.


id: cord-317421-xzf723w2
author: Schieffelin, John S
title: Infectious Disease Outbreaks: The Need For an All-in Approach
date: 2020-04-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1191
sentence: 60
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-317421-xzf723w2.txt
txt: txt/cord-317421-xzf723w2.txt
summary:
  Ebola Ring Vaccination Results Ebola responders killed as violence flares Fear of Ebola breeds a terror of physicians Fear of Ebola drives mob to kill officials in Guinea Identifying mechanisms of violence that impact Ebola virus disease transmission during the 2018-2019 outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Chains of transmission and control of Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea, in 2014: an observational study Considerations for use of Ebola vaccine during an emergency response Rapid assessment of knowledge, attitudes, practices, and risk perception related to the prevention and control of Ebola virus disease in three communities of Sierra Leone A multi-site knowledge attitude and practice survey of Ebola virus disease in Nigeria Ebola virus epidemic in war-torn eastern DR Congo Institutional trust and misinformation in the response to It is sad that the threat of violence against healthcare workers and Ebola treatment units (ETUs) has been an issue in several different Ebola virus outbreaks


id: cord-332175-d5suvj8g
author: Allen, Jawara
date: 2020-04-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1249
sentence: 55
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cord-332175-d5suvj8g.txt
txt: txt/cord-332175-d5suvj8g.txt
title:
  My Future in Medicine: How COVID-19 Is Inspiring the Next Generation of Infectious Disease Specialists

summary:
  But the importance of infectious disease specialists will not end once the number of newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases starts to decrease. During this pandemic, the role of infectious disease specialists as leaders has become evident; they are top-tier advisors to policy makers, public health practitioners disseminating health information to society, researchers identifying treatments and vaccines for the virus, and front-line clinicians treating the most vulnerable patients.


id: cord-315457-w1nx9g91
author: Siedner, Mark J
title: Desperate times call for temperate measures: practicing infectious diseases during a novel pandemic
date: 2020-04-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1026
sentence: 45
flesch: 59
cache: cache/cord-315457-w1nx9g91.txt
txt: txt/cord-315457-w1nx9g91.txt
summary:
  We are often asked to solve diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas without the benefit of compelling clinical trial data. For a field of medicine that takes pride on its reliance on evidence and experience, these have been desperate times.


id: cord-306983-6w2fvtfy
author: Wang, Siye
date: 2010-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3817
sentence: 170
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-306983-6w2fvtfy.txt
txt: txt/cord-306983-6w2fvtfy.txt
title:
  Influenza Virus—Cytokine-Protease Cycle in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Hyperpermeability in Severe Influenza

summary:
  A possible activator of the viral fusion glycoprotein Activation of influenza A viruses by trypsin treatment Trypsin action on the growth of Sendai virus in tissue culture cells: structural difference of Sendai viruses grown in eggs and tissue culture cells Identification of biological activity of paramyxovirus glycoprotein: activation of cell fusion, hemolysis and infectivity by proteolytic cleavage of an inactive precursor protein of Sendai virus The molecular of influenza virus pathogenicity Proteases essential for human influenza virus entry into cells and their inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents Host envelope glycoprotein processing proteases are indispensable for entry into human cells by seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses Human matrix metalloproteinase-9: activation by limited trypsin treatment and generation of monoclonal antibodies specific for the activated form Dystroglycan is selectively cleaved at the parenchymal basement membrane at sites of leukocyte extravasation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Basement membrane and matrix metalloproteinases in monocrotaline-induced liver injury Neuropathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice Persistence of viral RNA in the brain of offspring to mice infected with influenza A/WSN/33 virus during pregnancy Treatment with inhibitors of the NF-kB pathway improves whole body tension development in the mdx mouse These findings suggest that cytokines upregulate trypsin in vascular endothelial cells and that secreted trypsin plays an (original magnification, ϫ200) .


id: cord-011722-82qzf8ht
author: Keitel, Wendy A.
title: Influenza A(H5N1) Vaccines: Are We Better Prepared for the Next Pandemic?
date: 2014-01-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1999
sentence: 84
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-011722-82qzf8ht.txt
txt: txt/cord-011722-82qzf8ht.txt
summary:
  Update on avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in humans Prioritization of influenza pandemic vaccination to minimize years of life lost Emerging infections: pandemic influenza Pandemic H5N1 influenza vaccine development: an update Evaluation of two live attenuated cold-adapted H5N1 influenza virus vaccines in healthy adults Safety and immunogenicity of live attenuated influenza reassortant H5 vaccine ( phase I-II clinical trials) Serum hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies have been regarded as a benchmark for assessing the immunogenicity of seasonal influenza vaccines by the Food and Drug Administration [10] .


id: cord-007013-tlvgyzft
author: Chan, Kok Fei
date: 2018-08-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4954
sentence: 233
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-007013-tlvgyzft.txt
txt: txt/cord-007013-tlvgyzft.txt
title:
  Investigating Viral Interference Between Influenza A Virus and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Ferret Model of Infection

summary:
  key: cord-007013-tlvgyzft authors: Chan, Kok Fei; Carolan, Louise A; Korenkov, Daniil; Druce, Julian; McCaw, James; Reading, Patrick C; Barr, Ian G; Laurie, Karen L title: Investigating Viral Interference Between Influenza A Virus and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Ferret Model of Infection date: 2018-08-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy184 sha: doc_id: 7013 cord_uid: tlvgyzft Epidemiological studies have observed that the seasonal peak incidence of influenza virus infection is sometimes separate from the peak incidence of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection, with the peak incidence of hRSV infection delayed. A epidemics coincided with changes in occurrence of other respiratory virus infections Impact of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses: a comparison of pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a subtropical city Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine Interference between respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in respiratory tract infections in children Epidemiology of multiple respiratory viruses in childcare attendees Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections Virus interference between H7N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus and lentogenic Newcastle disease virus in experimental co-infections in chickens and turkeys Interval between infections and viral hierarchy are determinants of viral interference following influenza virus infection in a ferret model Evidence for viral interference and cross-reactive protective immunity between influenza B virus lineages Protective heterologous antiviral immunity and enhanced immunopathogenesis mediated by memory T cell populations Specific history of heterologous virus infections determines anti-viral immunity and immunopathology in the lung Inhibition of influenza A virus replication by influenza B virus nucleoprotein: an insight into interference between influenza A and B viruses Viral Interference and persistence in mosquito-borne flaviviruses Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: a clinical and virological study Rhinoviruses delayed the circulation of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus in France Protection of mice against lethal challenge with 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus by 1918-like and classical swine H1N1 based vaccines The ferret as a model organism to study influenza


id: cord-321132-xdpb3ukt
author: Lhomme, Sebastien
date: 2014-01-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2350
sentence: 109
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-321132-xdpb3ukt.txt
txt: txt/cord-321132-xdpb3ukt.txt
title:
  Influence of Polyproline Region and Macro Domain Genetic Heterogeneity on HEV Persistence in Immunocompromised Patients

summary:
  We compared the sequence heterogeneity of 2 regions of ORF1 in patients with chronic HEV infection and those with resolving infections. Our working hypothesis was that the genetic heterogeneity of the PPR or the macro domain play a role in the outcome of HEV infection in immunocompromised patients, as the PPR could modulate the host immune response and the macro domain could influence virus pathogenicity.


id: cord-350302-xmyqqgn5
author: Li, Pengfei
date: 2020-08-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1013
sentence: 42
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-350302-xmyqqgn5.txt
txt: txt/cord-350302-xmyqqgn5.txt
title:
  Estimating Global Epidemiology of Low-Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses in Relation to the COVID-19 Context

summary:
  Studies were included and data extracted only if they reported participants with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infections or influenza like illness. However, a paucity of epidemiological research exists for other respiratory viruses, as highlighted by the World Health Organization's Battle Against Respiratory Viruses initiative [3] .Such knowledge is currently hindered by the lack of capacity of many diagnostic laboratories, including those


id: cord-007026-ejv0gidp
author: Coleman, Kristen K
title: Adenoviral Infections in Singapore: Should New Antiviral Therapies and Vaccines Be Adopted?
date: 2020-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4607
sentence: 190
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-007026-ejv0gidp.txt
txt: txt/cord-007026-ejv0gidp.txt
summary:
  METHODS: To understand the epidemiology of HAdV infections in Singapore, we studied 533 HAdV-positive clinical samples collected from 396 pediatric and 137 adult patients in Singapore from 2012 to 2018. Clinical epidemiological data regarding HAdV infections are relatively sparse for Southeast Asia (SEA).


id: cord-333429-bq7kfpby
author: Shi, Ding
date: 2020-07-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3517
sentence: 160
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-333429-bq7kfpby.txt
txt: txt/cord-333429-bq7kfpby.txt
title:
  Clinical characteristics and factors associated with long-term viral excretion in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single center 28-day study

summary:
  Underlying diseases has been shown to be related to prolonged viral shedding in SARS patients [6] . Several studies have reported that the use of corticosteroids is associated with delayed viral RNA clearance in MERS or SARS patients and even with higher mortality in influenza pneumonia


id: cord-327673-3uem0e22
author: Qin, Gang
date: 2009-09-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4305
sentence: 154
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-327673-3uem0e22.txt
txt: txt/cord-327673-3uem0e22.txt
title:
  Phosphoantigen-Expanded Human γδ T Cells Display Potent Cytotoxicity against Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Infected with Human and Avian Influenza Viruses

summary:
  Gammadelta T cells link innate and adaptive immune responses Professional antigen-presentation function by human gammadelta T cells The function of gammadelta T cells in innate immunity Adaptive immune response of Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells during mycobacterial infections Gammadelta T cells: functional plasticity and heterogeneity Antiviral reactivities of gammadelta T cells Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell-mediated non-cytolytic antiviral mechanisms and their potential for cell-based therapy TCRgammadelta cells and viruses Activation of cytokine genes in T cells during primary and secondary murine influenza pneumonia Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus in mice lacking IgA, all Ig, NKT cells, or gamma delta T cells Role of gammadelta TCR+ lymphocytes in the augmented resistance of trehalose 6,6 -dimycolate-treated mice to influenza virus infection Innate immune functions of human gammadelta T cells Preferential recognition of a microbial metabolite by human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells Isopentenyl pyrophosphate-activated CD56 + gd T lymphocytes display potent antitumor activity toward human squamous cell carcinoma Activation of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells by non-peptidic antigens induces the inhibition of subgenomic HCV replication Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus immune responses: the role played by Vg9Vd2 T cells Contrasting effects of CCR5 and CCR2 deficiency in the pulmonary inflammatory response to influenza A virus Tropism of avian influenza A (H5N1) in the upper and lower respiratory tract Induction of proinflammatory cytokines in human macrophages by influenza A (H5N1) viruses: a mechanism for the unusual severity of human disease? Differential expression of chemokines and their receptors in adult and neonatal macrophages infected with human or avian influenza viruses Functional tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand production by avian influenza virus-infected macrophages T-cell immunity to subclinical cytomegalovirus infection reduces cardiac allograft disease Detection of dead cells and measurement of cell killing by flow cytometry Chemotherapy and zoledronate sensitize solid tumour cells to Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell cytotoxicity Mechanism of gammadelta T cell-induced human oligodendrocyte cytotoxicity: relevance to multiple sclerosis Ex vivo identification, isolation and analysis of tumor-cytolytic T cells Antibacterial effect of human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells in vivo A requirement for the Vgamma1+ subset of peripheral gammadelta T cells in the control of the systemic growth of Toxoplasma gondii and infection-induced pathology CD94/NKG2 inhibitory receptor complex modulates both anti-viral and anti-tumoral responses of polyclonal phosphoantigen-reactive Vgamma9Vdelta2 T lymphocytes Recognition and destruction of virus-infected cells by human gammadelta CTL Shared reactivity of Vd2 neg gd T cells against cytomegalovirus-infected cells and tumor intestinal epithelial cells Characterization of tumor reactivity of human Vgamma9Vdelta2 gammadelta T cells in vitro and in SCID mice in vivo In vivo immunomanipulation of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells with a synthetic phosphoantigen in a preclinical nonhuman primate model Vgamma2Vdelta2 T-cell receptor-mediated recognition of aminobisphosphonates Gamma/delta T-cell stimulation by pamidronate Patterns of chemokine receptor expression on peripheral blood gammadelta T lymphocytes: strong expression of CCR5 is a selective feature of Vdelta2/Vgamma9 gammadelta T cells Immune distribution and localization of phosphoantigen-specific Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress-inducible MICA MICA engagement by human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells enhances their antigen-dependent effector function Activation of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells by NKG2D NKG2D ligands: key targets of the immune response Lysis of a broad range of epithelial tumour cells by human gammadelta T cells: involvement of NKG2D ligands and T-cell receptor-versus NKG2D-dependent recognition Cytokine and contact-dependent activation of natural killer cells by influenza A or Sendai virus-infected macrophages Fas-Fas ligand interactions are essential for the binding to and killing of activated macrophages by gammadelta T cells Human gd T cells share characteristics of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and antigen-presenting cells


id: cord-329061-1xut73dq
author: Bhatt, Pravin N.
title: Characterization of the Virus of Sialodacryoadenitis of Rats: A Member of the Coronavirus Group
date: 1972-08-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4297
sentence: 238
flesch: 56
cache: cache/cord-329061-1xut73dq.txt
txt: txt/cord-329061-1xut73dq.txt
summary:
  (2) A comparative titration was done in mice two days old, 13 days old, and 22 days old that were inoculated ic with viral stock passaged 12 times in mouse brain. (4) The titer of virus between the fifth and 29th passage in mouse brain has remained relatively stable at 10 3 .


id: cord-345101-h0i5o0do
author: Koo, Bon-Sang
title: Transient lymphopenia and interstitial pneumonia with endotheliitis in SARS-CoV-2-infected macaques
date: 2020-08-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1814
sentence: 80
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-345101-h0i5o0do.txt
txt: txt/cord-345101-h0i5o0do.txt
summary:
  Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration in COVID-19 pneumonia M a n u s c r i p t 8 from inoculated viral RNA.


id: cord-324701-7vjdlt1v
author: Dahlmann, Franziska
title: Analysis of Ebola Virus Entry Into Macrophages
date: 2015-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5339
sentence: 214
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-324701-7vjdlt1v.txt
txt: txt/cord-324701-7vjdlt1v.txt
summary:
  TIM proteins and TAM receptor tyrosine kinases are expressed on certain EBOV target cells and were previously implicated in host cell entry of these viruses These results demonstrate that expression of certain lectins and TIM-1 on a susceptible cell line can increase EBOV-GP-driven entry, supporting a role for these proteins in host cell entry of EBOVs.


id: cord-352526-t8odetzw
author: Pinto, Bruna G G
date: 2020-06-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3033
sentence: 106
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-352526-t8odetzw.txt
txt: txt/cord-352526-t8odetzw.txt
title:
  ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19

summary:
  The fact that ACE2 gene is located in the X chromosome, and the initial findings showing that older males with comorbidities are more likely to be have severe COVID-19 compared to females (1), indicate that ACE2 expression in the lung may be sex-biased. From this analysis, we found that ACE2 expression could be regulated by enzymes that modify histones, including KDM5B. This identification of a common molecular mechanism of increased COVID-19 severity in patients with diverse comorbidities could direct the development of interventions to reduce the infection risk and disease severity in this population.


id: cord-350737-nrtrhq1f
author: Chen, Xinchun
title: Serology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Implications for Surveillance and Outcome
date: 2004-04-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3484
sentence: 101
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-350737-nrtrhq1f.txt
txt: txt/cord-350737-nrtrhq1f.txt
summary:
  A virus from the family Coronaviridae, termed SARS coronavirus (SARS CoV), has been identified as the cause [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] , and criteria for laboratory confirmation of SARS CoV infection have been provided by WHO, on the basis of the following methods: (1) detection of SARS CoV RNA by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); (2) serological detection of SARS CoV-related antibody; and (3) isolation of SARS CoV by cell culture [4] . Of 48 patients with suspected SARS CoV infection, 3 (6.3%) were positive for IgG antibody to SARS CoV and 2 (4.2%) were positive for IgM antibody to SARS CoV. SARS CoV sequence published by GenBank (accession numbers gi29826276, gi30027610, and gi30027610).


id: cord-338776-2wa30218
author: Zhao, Xiaoyu
date: 2020-02-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4804
sentence: 201
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-338776-2wa30218.txt
txt: txt/cord-338776-2wa30218.txt
title:
  Activation of C-Type Lectin Receptor and (RIG)-I-Like Receptors Contributes to Proinflammatory Response in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Macrophages

summary:
  Taken together, in line with the observations from Mincle siRNA depletion, CLR receptor Mincle contributed to the immune activation in MERS-CoV-infected macrophages. We then performed a series of experiments to characterize the role of RLR and CLR, especially CLR, in MERS-CoV-infected macrophages, with the intention to better understand the pathogenesis of human MERS.


id: cord-330645-46qaljq1
author: Waghmare, Alpana
date: 2020-07-25
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3298
sentence: 137
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-330645-46qaljq1.txt
txt: txt/cord-330645-46qaljq1.txt
title:
  Reliability of self-sampling for accurate assessment of respiratory virus viral and immunologic kinetics

summary:
  Agreement between samples collected by foam and flocked swabs from the same nostril was generally high, particularly with high viral load samples, with no evidence of higher yield with one method versus the other (Fig 1a) . key: cord-330645-46qaljq1 authors: Waghmare, Alpana; Krantz, Elizabeth M; Baral, Subhasish; Vasquez, Emma; Loeffelholz, Tillie; Chung, E Lisa; Pandey, Urvashi; Kuypers, Jane; Duke, Elizabeth R; Jerome, Keith R; Greninger, Alexander L; Reeves, Daniel B; Hladik, Florian; Cardozo-Ojeda, E Fabian; Boeckh, Michael; Schiffer, Joshua T title: Reliability of self-sampling for accurate assessment of respiratory virus viral and immunologic kinetics date: 2020-07-25 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa451 sha: doc_id: 330645 cord_uid: 46qaljq1 The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic demonstrates the need for accurate and convenient approaches to diagnose and therapeutically monitor respiratory viral infections.


id: cord-352433-sts48u9i
author: Galanti, Marta
title: Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses
date: 2020-07-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3831
sentence: 144
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-352433-sts48u9i.txt
txt: txt/cord-352433-sts48u9i.txt
summary:
  bioRxiv Influenza A: infection and reinfection Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease Influenza A reinfection in sequential human challenge: implications for protective immunity and universal vaccine development Immunity to and frequency of reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus Molecular analysis of respiratory syncytial virus reinfections in infants from coastal Kenya Rises in titers of antibody to human coronaviruses OC43 and 229E in Seattle families during 1975-1979 Prolonged shedding of rhinovirus and re-infection in adults with respiratory tract illness Longitudinal active sampling for respiratory viral infections across age groups Asymptomatic summertime shedding of respiratory viruses Repeated Endemic Coronavirus Infection â�¢ jid 2020:XX (XX XXXX First infection by all four non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronaviruses takes place during childhood Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups Development of a nucleocapsid-based human coronavirus immunoassay and estimates of individuals exposed to coronavirus in a U.S. metropolitan population Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus strain 229 E The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Middle East respiratory syndrome vaccines Antibody to virus components in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus 229E group viruses Viral infections of humans Neutralizing antibody decay and lack of contact transmission after inoculation of 3-and 4-day-old piglets with porcine respiratory coronavirus Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Persistence of antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes Genetic associations with viral respiratory illnesses and asthma control in children Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age


id: cord-293299-gdew0ueo
author: Jordan, William S.
title: Influenza Research in the Soviet Union—1974
date: 1974-12-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5188
sentence: 236
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-293299-gdew0ueo.txt
txt: txt/cord-293299-gdew0ueo.txt
summary:
  A long historical tradition for the use of livevirus vaccines in the Soviet Union dates from Smorodintsev's experimental infection of volunteers with influenza virus in 1937 There is little interest in the use of inactivated vaccine by parenteral administration, although such vaccine is now being produced experimentally and is to be utilized, if approved, in hyperimmunization of volunteers for the production of immunoglobulin against influenza virus. Administration and control.


id: cord-315448-bosazmlm
author: Crawford, Katharine H D
title: Dynamics of neutralizing antibody titers in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
date: 2020-09-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3882
sentence: 172
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-315448-bosazmlm.txt
txt: txt/cord-315448-bosazmlm.txt
summary:
  key: cord-315448-bosazmlm authors: Crawford, Katharine H D; Dingens, Adam S; Eguia, Rachel; Wolf, Caitlin R; Wilcox, Naomi; Logue, Jennifer K; Shuey, Kiel; Casto, Amanda M; Fiala, Brooke; Wrenn, Samuel; Pettie, Deleah; King, Neil P; Greninger, Alexander L; Chu, Helen Y; Bloom, Jesse D title: Dynamics of neutralizing antibody titers in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-09-30 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa618 sha: doc_id: 315448 cord_uid: bosazmlm Most individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop neutralizing antibodies that target the viral spike protein. This decline in neutralizing antibody titers was accompanied by a decline in total antibodies capable of binding the viral spike or its receptor-binding domain.


id: cord-344954-gpb25fga
author: Hashem, Anwar M
date: 2019-11-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5176
sentence: 178
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-344954-gpb25fga.txt
txt: txt/cord-344954-gpb25fga.txt
title:
  A Highly Immunogenic, Protective, and Safe Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Expressing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S1-CD40L Fusion Protein in a Transgenic Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Mouse Model

summary:
  The fusion gene was then used to generate the proposed rAd5 construct (rAd5-S1/F/CD40L) in addition to rAd5 vaccines expressing secreted and consensus S1 protein alone (rAd5-S1) and a vector control expressing Green Fluorescent Protein (rAd5-GFP) as shown in Figure 1 . Vero E6 and Huh7.5 cells were cultured and maintained in complete Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum. Schematic representation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine candidates.


id: cord-350201-tluc2ck7
author: Kuiken, Thijs
title: Zoonotic Infection With Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 Linked to Fatal Pneumonia
date: 2018-10-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3643
sentence: 165
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-350201-tluc2ck7.txt
txt: txt/cord-350201-tluc2ck7.txt
summary:
  Given the large populations of feral pigeons with PPMV-1 infection in cities, increasing urbanization, and a higher proportion of immunocompromised individuals, the risk of severe human PPMV-1 infections may increase. The combination of the above factors-large populations of feral pigeons with endemic PPMV-1 infection, increasing urbanization, and a higher proportion of immunocompromised individuals-may increase the risk of severe human cases of PPMV-1 infection.


id: cord-324280-e8mj6ecl
author: Shaman, Jeffrey
title: Asymptomatic Summertime Shedding of Respiratory Viruses
date: 2018-04-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2604
sentence: 108
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-324280-e8mj6ecl.txt
txt: txt/cord-324280-e8mj6ecl.txt
summary:
  Much of the surveillance for respiratory virus infections in humans is conducted through networks of clinics and hospitals performing patient services. The best-fit logistic regression model supported an association between an increased likelihood of testing positive for respiratory virus infection and a higher total symptom score (P < .0001) and being Hispanic (P < .005).


id: cord-321580-3ru92tra
author: Hadler, James L
date: 2020-09-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1134
sentence: 32
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-321580-3ru92tra.txt
txt: txt/cord-321580-3ru92tra.txt
title:
  Will SARS-CoV-2 prevention efforts affect the coming influenza season in the United States and northern hemisphere?

summary:
  The system is large, including up to 4 million visits and 10-25,000 laboratory tests for influenza each week during the peak winter influenza season. In this issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases, Lei et al present an analysis of the impact of China's -lockdown‖ response to COVID-19 on influenza as measured by China's outpatient hospital-based sentinel surveillance system during the anticipated peak of the influenza season in late January 2020


id: cord-350749-ihkxouz8
author: Panda, Aditya K
date: 2020-07-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 749
sentence: 30
flesch: 29
cache: cache/cord-350749-ihkxouz8.txt
txt: txt/cord-350749-ihkxouz8.txt
title:
  Plasmodium falciparum Infection May Protect a Population from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

summary:
  Epidemiology of seasonal coronaviruses: establishing the context for the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 Plasmodium co-infection protects against chikungunya virus-induced pathologies A virus hosted in malaria-infected blood protects against T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases by impairing DC function in a type I IFN-dependent manner To B or not to B: understanding B cell responses in the development of malaria infection IgM in human immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria Natural antibody and complement mediate neutralization of influenza virus in the absence of prior immunity Immunological correlates in Plasmodium falciparum infection with special reference to cerebral malaria Naturally-occurring anti-alphagalactosyl antibodies in human Plasmodium falciparum infections-a possible role for autoantibodies in malaria COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India To validate our observation, we investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 in the Plasmodium falciparum-endemic area of Odisha, India, Odisha is highly endemic for P. falciparum infection.


id: cord-351776-otx5qwyu
author: Ibáñez-Samaniego, Luis
date: 2020-06-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3897
sentence: 165
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-351776-otx5qwyu.txt
txt: txt/cord-351776-otx5qwyu.txt
title:
  Elevation of Liver Fibrosis Index FIB-4 Is Associated With Poor Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19

summary:
  FIB-4 ≥2.67 defined patients with risk for advanced liver fibrosis. Advanced liver fibrosis is the main determinant of progression to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma


id: cord-353495-c3s5n5vo
author: Yao, Yanfeng
title: An Animal Model of MERS Produced by Infection of Rhesus Macaques With MERS Coronavirus
date: 2014-01-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3434
sentence: 147
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-353495-c3s5n5vo.txt
txt: txt/cord-353495-c3s5n5vo.txt
summary:
  Nonhuman primates have been useful for evaluating vaccines and studying disease pathogenesis for several respiratory viruses, including influenza, SARS-CoV, respiratory syncytial virus, and human parainfluenza viruses. Animal models for MERS-CoV infection of humans are needed to elucidate MERS pathogenesis and to develop vaccines and antivirals.


id: cord-351571-gwtkrt5u
author: Mackay, Ian M.
date: 2013-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3380
sentence: 118
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-351571-gwtkrt5u.txt
txt: txt/cord-351571-gwtkrt5u.txt
title:
  Community-Wide, Contemporaneous Circulation of a Broad Spectrum of Human Rhinoviruses in Healthy Australian Preschool-Aged Children During a 12-Month Period

summary:
  IV Virus isolations during four years of surveillance Rhinovirus infections in Tecumseh, Michigan: frequency of illness and number of serotypes Rhinovirus transmission within families with children: incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections Highly frequent infections with human rhinovirus in healthy young children: a longitudinal cohort study Clinical features and complete genome characterization of a distinct human rhinovirus genetic cluster, probably representing a previously undetected HRV species, HRV-C, associated with acute respiratory illness in children Distinguishing molecular features and clinical characteristics of a putative new rhinovirus species, Human rhinovirus C (HRV C) Newly identified human rhinoviruses: molecular methods heat up the cold viruses Interference between outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infection Interference between outbreaks of epidemic viruses Influenza in children relationship to other respiratory agents Do rhinoviruses reduce the probability of viral co-detection during acute respiratory tract infections? Because a lower sequence threshold was used to identify those viruses, it is likely that the true number of HRV types was underestimated as compared to the higher threshold (96% vs 90%) we applied, which we considered essential when using the highly conserved 5′ UTR region.


id: cord-346411-d2re00r9
author: Boonyaratanakornkit, Jim
date: 2020-02-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4419
sentence: 165
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-346411-d2re00r9.txt
txt: txt/cord-346411-d2re00r9.txt
title:
  Predictive Value of Respiratory Viral Detection in the Upper Respiratory Tract for Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

summary:
  In addition, using quantitative PCR methodology, we aimed to define the role of viral load in respiratory virus LRT detection. We also found that CMV-seropositive HCT recipients had an increased risk for LRT respiratory virus detection.


