229 
 

JOURNAL OF ENGLISH EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY 

Vol. 03 No. 03, Oct 2022, pp. 242 - 254 

Available online at:  

http://jeet.fkdp.or.id/index.php/jeet/issue/current 

ISSN: 2721-3811 (media online) 

 

Strengthening the Character of Qolbu Management-Based Students in the 

Digital Era 

M. Thoyyib
1
, Muhammad Aziz

2 

Institut Agama Islam Al-Hikmah Tuban
 

mthoyyib@gmail.com
1
, mohaziv@gmail.com

2 

ABSTRACT 

Strengthening the character of student is one the efforts made by universities as formal education to change 

and strengthen the character of students for the better so that they are not easly carried away by negative 

currents of digitalization. The are various efforts that can be made in strengthening student character, one of 

wich is by implementing qolbu management. Qolbu management is character education that is carried out 

by bringing the heart closer to Allah SWT because in essence the heart is source dan reflection of human 

character. A clean heart will create a good character, while a bad heart will create a bad character. So that 

with the implementation of character strengthening based on good heart management, it is hoped that it will 

make student`s heart more consistent, clean, and help student achieve happiness in this world and in the 

hereafter. 

Keywords: Character strengthening, Qolbu management, Digital era 

 

I. INTRODUCTION 
Digitalization brings humans into a 

more advanced era compared to the 

previous era, where previously all activities 

were done manually, today it can be done 

digitally so that it is easier, more practical, 

and more efficient. Digitalization is 

supported by the rapid development of 

technology and information and is 

supported by the creation of electronic 

media such as smartphones which make it 

easier for humans to carry out daily 

activities (Aziz, 2020a). The development of 

digitalization has penetrated into various 

daily sectors marked by the emergence of 

various kinds of media innovations that 

http://jeet.fkdp.or.id/index.php/jeet/issue/current
http://u.lipi.go.id/1580741566
mailto:mthoyyib@gmail.com1


230 
 

offer convenience for its users, such as how 

to shop through online shopping 

applications, communication that can be 

done via cellular phones, how to transact 

through mobile banking, as well as 

innovations in various other daily activities. 

The development of digitalization that 

extends to various sectors of life has also 

penetrated into the world of education, 

where currently the teaching and learning 

method has developed from an offline 

system now developed into a system into a 

blended learning system or a combination of 

online and offline learning systems (Sufyan 

& Ghofur, 2022).  This system is 

increasingly being used during the COVID-

19 pandemic in Indonesia which limits 

offline teaching and learning activities. This 

way of learning is applied to every element 

of education including in higher education. 

The reconstruction of the learning 

system in universities provides a variety of 

conveniences for students that were not 

found in previous generations. If ancient 

students were looking for various references 

as material for doing assignments by visiting 

the library and looking for references 

through books, students today are 

facilitated by the availability of Google and 

e-books that can be accessed for free, easy, 

and practical. This can certainly support the 

quality and insight of today's students 

because of the wider knowledge they have. 

In addition, students can also take 

advantage of the ease of digitalization in 

various ways, such as: increasing insights 

through webinars, improving the quality of 

human resources through various online 

training activities, and pioneering and 

developing businesses by implementing 

promotional and sales activities online and 

offline. The variety of conveniences and 

opportunities provided in this era must 

certainly be utilized as well as possible by 

students so that they can help students in 

exploring and increasing their potential. 

Students as agents of change must be able to 

drive change for the better in society so that 

they have superior values. 

But behind the conveniences offered, 

digitalization can also have a negative 

impact on students. Digitalization can 

change and erode moral values among 

Indonesian students as is often included in 

news coverage today where there is rampant 

violence, harassment, and brawls involving 

students. According to Thomas Lickona, 

there are ten signs to watch out for in a 

nation because it can trigger destruction, 

including: increased violence among 

adolescents, deteriorating use of grammar, 

the influence of gangs or gangs that can 

trigger violent acts, self-destructive 



231 
 

behaviors such as drugs, alcohol, and 

promiscuous sex, further eroding 

understanding of good and bad,  declining 

work ethic, declining respect for parents 

and educators, declining sense of individual 

and citizen responsibility, cultivating 

dishonesty, and rampant mutual suspicion 

and hatred for others (Septiana, 2020).  

These signs have appeared in 

Indonesia and tend to increase, one of the 

main causes of the event is the occurrence of 

a moral crisis. There needs to be solutions 

and efforts that must be formed to overcome 

the moral crisis that occurs in Indonesia. As 

the realm of education, campuses should be 

a medium to reconstruct the moral decline 

that is currently occurring by conducting 

learnings that can strengthen the character 

of students so that they do not easily fall 

into the negative currents of digitalization. 

Higher education as the real of formal 

education should have learning innovations 

to support character strengthening 

programs in students. Character 

strengthening-based learning innovation 

has a teaching model where students are not 

only taught through classroom learning. But 

also adding learnings that can grow and 

strengthen their positive character by being 

assisted by guidance and coaching from 

lecturers. With character education in the 

campus environment, it can make students 

have good guidelines and character in the 

eyes of the community so that it becomes an 

added value of the campus in the eyes of the 

community. 

Education and the application of religious 

sciences in the campus world play an 

important role in shaping and strengthening 

the character of students, making humans 

mature, foster personality (personality) and a 

sense of responsibility (Khoiroh, 2020b, p. 

154) such as in Islamic universities that 

apply several activities in strengthening 

student character, such as: congregational 

prayers, tahtimul qur'an, spiritual lectures, 

and other religious activities. This is done as 

an effort to improve the character of 

students so that they are expected not to fall 

easily into negative behavior and have better 

morals and character. Islam strongly 

upholds the existence of ahlaqul karimah for 

every human being and calls for the 

development, development, and 

improvement of these morals, besides that 

Islam also advocates the application of these 

morals in everyday life (Mumtahanah, 2011).  

As a religion rahmatallil'alamin Islam 

explains that to cultivate a good character 

man can do so by cleansing his heart and 

soul so that Allah will guide him in 

devotion, faith and sincerity. As contained 

in the letter of Asy-Shams verses 7-8: 



232 
 

اَها ( )فَأَْلَهَمَها فُُجوَرَها    ٧َونَْفٍس َوَما َسوَّ

٨َوتَْقَواَها( ) 

That is to say: And the soul and its perfection 

(His creation). So God inspired to the soul (the way) 

its ungodliness and piety. (Qs. Asy-Shams 7 – 8). A 

clean heart and soul will lead man to the 

possession of a character far from malice, 

pride, and other negativity. Likewise, in the 

real of higher education, if character 

strengthening education is implemented in 

the campus area, it will help students and all 

elements of the campus in an effort to 

cleanse the heart and soul so that it can 

usher in a better character construction. 

From this description, it can be seen that 

the main point in efforts to strengthen 

character in students lies in the heart. 

Therefore, it is necessary to implement 

regulation-based education and 

improvement in the heart so that it can 

create a clean heart and increase positive 

character in students in the digitalization 

flow. This is what underlies the author to 

focus his writing on "Strengthening the 

Character of Qolbu Management-Based 

Students in the Digitalization Era”. 

II. CHARACTER REINFORCEMENT 

The character comes from the Greek 

word charassian or in English is to mark 

which means to mark or focus. Character is 

associated with how a person implements 

the values of good and bad in his actions and 

behavior (Aziz, 2020b). If a person is unable 

to implement good behavior on himself, 

such as behaving dishonestly, arrogantly, 

cruelly, and other negative behaviors then 

the individual is said to be an individual 

who has a bad character. Vice versa, if a 

person implements his actions in 

accordance with applicable norms and 

morals, the individual is said to be an 

individual with good character. 

According to the Language Center of 

the Ministry of National Education, 

character is defined as innate, heart, soul, 

personality, behavior, and disposition. 

Meanwhile, according to experts, character 

has varied meanings, such as the opinion of 

Kertajaya who explained that character is a 

characteristic found in an object and 

individual. These characteristics are original 

and rooted in the personality of the object or 

individual and will later encourage someone 

to act, behave, and respond to something. 

Meanwhile, according to Suyanto, character 

is a way of thinking and acting which will 

become a characteristic of each individual in 

life and working together in their 

environment (Mumtahanah, 2011). 

Based on some of the understandings 

above, it can be concluded that character is 

an original trait found in an individual that 

can later encourage a person to behave and 



233 
 

act so that the character can become a 

characteristic of the individual. Although it 

is original and deeply rooted basically a 

person's character can be changed and 

improved so that it becomes stronger and 

more positive. According to Lickona, the 

character that can be formed is divided into 

three interrelated parts, including: moral 

concept (moral knowing), moral attitude 

(moral feeling), and moral behavior (moral 

behavior). These three parts are needed in 

life in society to be in accordance with the 

moral values prevailing in society 

(Sriwilujeng, 2019). 

Character change and strengthening 

can be done through character education 

strengthening programs carried out in the 

real of education where the teaching and 

learning process must be carried out in a 

directed and continuous manner so as to 

produce a positive, strong, and resilient 

character (Aziz, 2020b).  Character building 

and strengthening in the world of education 

is a strategic way to create a superior 

generation in the future. These activities 

must be carried out through good planning, 

appropriate approaches, and effective 

learning methods. 

Strengthening character education is 

an education that supports social, 

emotional, and ethical development in 

students (Muchlas & Hariyanto, 2013).  

According to Lickona "character education 

is the deliberate effort to help people 

understand, care about, and upon corer 

ethical values" which means that character 

education is an effort that is deliberately 

made to help a person in understanding, 

caring, and acting in accordance with 

ethical values (Octavia & Rube’i, 2017).  In 

simple terms, it can be understood that 

character strengthening education is an 

effort to build the character of students so 

that they can act and behave in accordance 

with the norms prevailing in society. 

Strengthening character education is 

an important aspect that can reconstruct 

the character of the younger generation so 

that it must be implemented in every real of 

education, one of which is in the real of 

higher education. Students as agents of 

change are not enough to be given 

intellectual learning, especially in the 

modern era. Rapid advances in technology 

and information make campuses need to add 

moral and spiritual-based learning so that 

intellectual development in students can be 

accompanied by strong character and 

superior competitiveness in the 

digitalization era. 

 



234 
 

III. PURPOSE OF CHARACTER 

REINFORCEMENT 

Character as a characteristic of 

disposition and behavior possessed by an 

individual needs to be directed so that it can 

help minimize the occurrence of negative 

actions, especially in the younger 

generation. Through strengthening 

character education, it is hoped that it can 

make students know and be able to 

internalize character values and noble 

morals and can be applied in everyday life 

because in essence humans are people who 

have good character since they were born 

(Harun, 2013). 

Basically, every child has a Divine 

fitrah, which is like a foundation in the form 

of a spirit that tends to know its God. With 

that fitrah, man actually has a tendency 

towards religion and an absolute thing that 

leans towards his good behaviors. However, 

the role and upbringing of parents can make 

children deviate from their fitrah. Therefore, 

it is important to have the role of parents 

and schools to keep children in their fitrah 

so that they can have ahlaqul karimah.   

In its application, strengthening 

character education has several objectives, 

including: developing the potential of 

students as human beings and citizens who 

have national character values. Develop 

commendable habits and behaviors of 

learners and in line with universal values 

and cultural traditions of a religious nation. 

Instilling the spirit of leadership and 

responsibility of education as the next 

generation of the nation. Develop students' 

abilities to become independent, creative, 

and national-minded human beings. As well 

as developing the school life environment as 

a learning environment that is safe, honest, 

full of creativity and friendship, and with a 

high sense of nationality and full of strength 

(Zubaedi, 2015).  In addition to some of 

these goals, strengthening character 

education also has other goals, including:  

1. Developing a national education platform 

that puts the meaning and value of 

character as the soul or the main 

generator of education delivery. 

2. Building and equipping Indonesia's 

Golden Generation 2045 to face the 

dynamics of future change with 21st 

century skills. 

3. Restoring character education as the 

spirit and foundation of education 

through the harmonization of sports 

(ethical and spiritual), sports 

(aesthetics), thought sports (literacy and 

numeracy), and sports (kinesthetic).  

4. Revitalizing and strengthening the 

capacity of the education ecosystem to 

support the expansion of the 

implementation of character education, 



235 
 

building a network of community 

(public) involvement as learning 

resources inside and outside the school,  

5. Preserving the culture and identity of the 

Indonesian nation in supporting the 

National Movement for Mental 

Revolution (GNRM). 

 

IV. QOLBU MANAGEMENT 

Qolbu management consists of two 

words, namely management and qolbu. 

Etymologically, management (Khoiroh, 

2020a, p. 80) comes from English, namely 

management comes from the basic word to 

manage which means to manage. In 

Webster's cooleglate dictonary it is 

explained that the word manage comes from 

the Italian Bahsa, namely managlo from the 

word managlare which in Latin is called 

manus which means hand. In more detail, 

the word management or manage has the 

meaning of guiding, supervising, managing, 

and achieving certain affairs (Warisno, 

2019).  

Management is a social process 

related to human effort with the help of 

humans and other resources, which in 

carrying out their business uses efficient and 

effective methods to help achieve pre-

planned goals (Warisno, 2019).  According 

to Eka Prihantin, management is a process 

carried out by a person so that the business 

that is run can run well, which in its 

achievement requires several things, such as 

planning, thinking, directing, organizing, 

and utilizing all the potential that exists 

both in personal and material terms more 

effectively and efficiently (Prihatin, 2011).   

Meanwhile, according to Hasibuan, 

management is a science and art regarding 

the regulation of the use of human resources 

and other resources effectively and 

efficiently to achieve a goal.  

Based on the understanding of 

management above, it can be understood 

that management is an arrangement and 

management carried out by a person to help 

the individual in achieving his goals. 

Management plays an important role in the 

management of individuals and 

organizations because through good 

management the use of various kinds of 

resources can be controlled so that their use 

and utilization are more optimal. In 

addition, management also plays a role in 

minimizing negative things that can happen 

to individuals or organizations. 

While qolbu comes from Arabic, 

namely qolaba which means heart. 

Etymologically qolbu means improving, 

potentially to flip through or something 

more. According to M. Quraish Shihab that 

in essence one's heart cannot be consistent 

unless one receives the guidance of the light 



236 
 

of God. From this opinion, it can be seen 

that the qolbu or heart is an object that can 

be alternating and inconsistent but with the 

guidance of Illahi's light a person can have a 

consistent heart and strong guidelines so 

that he is not easily carried away by negative 

currents in his life.  

Biologically, the liver is interpreted as 

a blood clot.    Experts also mention that the 

liver is like the heart, namely if the organ is 

damaged, the function of other organs will 

also be disrupted so that it cannot work 

optimally so that it can be understood that 

the liver has an important role in a person.  

However, in the Qur'an and Hadith qalb has 

a different meaning from qalb (heart) in the 

medical world, as revealed by Al-Ghazali 

that qalb is a gift from Allah Almighty 

which has a secretive and spiritual nature. 

Qalb has the power to know, understand, 

and understand something and can accept 

all commands, punishments, reproaches, 

and responsibilities (Zaharuddin, 2013).  

Based on the explanation of the 

understanding of management and qolbu 

above, it can be concluded that qolbu 

management is an effort made by a person to 

manage his heart so that he can control 

himself in dealing with the situation that 

occurs. Qolbu management skills are also 

used in recognizing and understanding one's 

self because through one's heart one can 

show one's true disposition. If a human 

being has a clean and clear heart, then that 

person will show good and positive 

behavior as well (Aliah, 2019).    

According to Gymnastiar, qolbu 

management is a way of managing the liver 

so that it has positive potential and can 

develop optimally. The positive potential 

contained in the individual can accompany a 

person's ability to think and act so that it 

can make the individual think positively and 

can detect and control negative potential in 

oneself so that it does not turn into a 

negative action.  Meanwhile, according to 

Hermono and Ridwan, qolbu management 

is an effort to understand oneself and have 

the desire and ability to control yourself.  

Thus qolbu management is the slightest 

management of the potential and desires 

that come out of man in order to be filtered 

his intentions, so as to give birth to a good 

and glory and full of benefits to assist him in 

achieving goals both in the world and in the 

hereafter. 

Qolbu management has the concept 

that every desire, feeling, or impulse will be 

filtered so that it will give birth to a 

goodness and glory and be full of benefits 

both in the world and in the hereafter. In 

addition, through good qolbu management a 

person can also respond to any form of 

action or action from outside himself so that 



237 
 

it can produce a positive reaction and be far 

from mudharat things. In other words, every 

human physical and mental activity has 

been filtered in such a way by the qolbu 

management process that it can be 

understood that through the concept of 

qolbu management, a person can be directed 

to be very sensitive in managing the 

slightest potential that exists in him into 

something of glory value and gives great 

benefits, both for himself and other 

creatures of God. 

Strengthening The Character Of Qolbu 

Management-Based Students in the 

Digital Era  

Digital is sourced from Greek, namely, 

digitus which means finger finger. Humans 

have 10 fingers, which consist of two 

combined numbers, namely the numbers 1 

and 0. So that digital is likened to a binner 

number in a computer whose code in the 

database consists of the numbers 1 and 0 

which means on and off. In theory, digital 

means the concept of understanding the 

times regarding technology and science, 

where in the previous era all activities 

carried out manually today can be done 

automatically so that they are more concise, 

effective, and efficient (Aji, 2016).   

The digital revolution in Indonesia 

first occurred in 1980 which was marked by 

changes in mechanical and analog 

technology to digital technology that 

continues to develop until now. This 

development became stronger after the 

invention of a computer system designed to 

be able to receive and store data 

automatically and be able to produce output 

in accordance with the instructions that 

have been stored in computer memory so 

that it can help in manipulating data 

quickly and precisely (Annisa et al., 2020).  

The advancement of digitalization is 

increasingly massive when mobile phone 

and social media devices are created and 

equipped with various features that can 

make it easier for humans to carry out daily 

activities. 

The educational revolution in higher 

education has made today's students more 

familiar with technology and digital 

communication media so that they can give 

birth to a more productive and efficient 

generation. If categorized as students 

belonging to the millennial generation, this 

is based on the opinion of Ali and Purwandi 

the millennial generation are those who 

were born between the 1980s and the 2000s. 

So it can be understood that students are 

part of the millennial generation. With its 

various advantages, making students is also 

predicted to be a resource that can lead 

Indonesia to prosperity (ZUHRI, 2021).  



238 
 

The convenience provided in the 

digital era does not fully have a positive 

impact on students but can also change the 

character of the students themselves. The 

tendency of students to spend their time in 

cyberspace can cause laziness so that it can 

affect their productivity level. In addition, 

there are currently rampant events that 

show moral and character degradation such 

as cyberbullying, eroding respect for others, 

drugs, and acts of violence that are not 

infrequently the perpetrators are students. 

Universities as one of the formal 

education must do their best to counteract 

the negative influence of digitalization. One 

of the efforts that can be done is to apply 

character strengthening so that it is hoped 

that students can have a strong character 

and can draw them closer to God and 

achieve happiness in the world and the 

Hereafter. Strengthening character 

education is also expected to be able to 

shape the consciousness of students as 

servants of God and their obligations as 

caliphs on earth. 

In essence, human character comes 

from the heart or qolbu so that if it is 

likened to the human heart, it is the base of 

life. If man has a clean and good heart, it will 

create a good character in man, and vice 

versa if the heart or qolbu that man has is 

bad, it will cause bad character. Based on 

this, it can be understood that the character 

of students can be improved and 

strengthened by maintaining the heart and 

arranging it so that it is always in a clean 

condition so that it can help humans in 

achieving their goals both in the world and 

in the hereafter. In the application of qolbu 

management, there are several methods that 

the campus can apply to assist students in 

achieving qolbun salim (safe heart), 

including: (Faizin, 2013) 

1. Self-recognition 

Self-recognition is the main source of 

things to do in managing the liver (qolbu 

management). This is because through self-

recognition and understanding, humans can 

assess their personality or character so that 

if there is still ugliness in themselves, then 

the individual can correct and avoid the 

behavior from happening again. If man does 

not know and understand the character and 

behavior that exists in him, it is impossible 

for the human being to avoid the filth of the 

heart that can cause bad character also on 

him.  In addition to conducting an 

independent assessment, self-assessment 

can also be done by accepting criticism from 

family and people around because if humans 

have an open attitude and accept criticism 

sincerely, it will develop self-abilities for the 

better (Mumtahanah, 2011).  

2. Liver cleansing 



239 
 

In the concept of qolbu management 

the main key in the creation and 

strengthening of good character is to keep 

the heart clean. Cleansing activities must be 

carried out istiqomah or continuously 

because in essence humans are imperfect 

people so they often make mistakes in living 

life. So that by cleansing the heart istiqomah 

is expected to prevent and minimize 

humans from behaving badly in their lives.  

3. Self-control 

The law of self-control is fardu ain or 

wajin for every human being. Self-control or 

it can also be called jihadun nafs is an effort 

made by man to commit to the rules of Allah 

Almighty and follow all His 

commandments, so that in this effort man 

must be able to control his passions so that 

they are not carried away into dzalim 

actions. Jihadun nafs is included in the 

grand jihad which is the jihad or the most 

arduous war that man must fight compared 

to the war against the enemy because if man 

cannot control his passions then it is also 

difficult for him to jihad against others and 

obstacles in his life (Afifah, 2017).   This is as 

the Prophet affirmed at the time of the badr 

war that: "we have just faced a heavy war 

but the war is very heavy is actually a war 

against lust”.  

4. Self-development 

Self-development is the process of 

increasing one's potential, personality in 

order to continue to grow and develop. This 

effort is made to help a person in achieving 

his goals, increase self-confidence so that he 

can become stronger in the face of trials, and 

can live a good relationship in his 

environment.  So that it will be an added 

value for a person if a human being can 

develop himself because it will make the life 

he lives more meaningful (Tarmudji, 1998).   

5. Ma`rifatullah 

Ma'rifatullah is an effort made to 

know Allah Almighty as closely as possible 

which can be done through cleansing the 

soul by thinking to Allah istiqomah 

(Ghazali, 1981).  Ma'rifatullah is likened to a 

director who will straighten out the life 

orientation of a Muslim, where at this stage 

man must realize that his life is not for 

anyone and only for Allah Almighty. If man 

can reach this stage, it will become the most 

precious pearl in his life because the human 

being will enter into the man whom Allah 

Almighty loves. So for a Muslim 

ma'rifatullah must be used as the main 

dream that must be achieved because 

without ma'rifatullah a Muslim cannot have 

faith and constancy in life. 

V. CONCLUSION 

 From the foregoing it can be 

concluded that the human character comes 



240 
 

from the heart or qolbu. A clean heart will 

create a good character, while a bad heart 

will give birth to a bad character anyway. In 

essence, the human heart has an 

inconsistent nature or is easy to turn around 

so that it takes the guidance of God's light 

so that a person can have a consistent heart 

and strong guidelines so that he is not easily 

carried away by negative currents in life. 

One of the efforts that can be made in giving 

birth to a consistent heart is to apply qolbu 

management.  

Qolbu management has the concept 

that a person can be directed to be very 

sensitive in managing the slightest potential 

that exists in him into something of glory 

value and gives great benefits, both for 

himself and other creatures of God. The 

application of qolbu management in formal 

education such as universities is a form of 

efforts made by campuses to overcome 

moral degradation as a negative impact of 

digitalization. In addition, the application of 

qolbu management to students also aims to 

strengthen and improve the character of 

students so that they can achieve happiness 

in the world and in the hereafter.  

 

REFERENCES 

Afifah, L. N. (2017). Konsep al-Qur’an mengenai 

Jihad dalam bidang pendidikan islam 

(Analisis tafsir al-Azhar karya Hamka). 

IAIN Ponorogo. 

Aji, R. (2016). Digitalisasi, Era Tantangan 

Media (Analisis Kritis Kesiapan 

Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi 

Menyongsong Era Digital). Islamic 

Communication Journal, 1(1). 

Aliah, H. (2019). Konsep Manajemen Qalbu Aa 

Gym Dan Relevansinya Dalam Pendidikan 

Akhlak. UIN Raden Intan Lampung. 

Annisa, M. N., Wiliah, A., & Rahmawati, N. 

(2020). Pentingnya pendidikan 

karakter pada anak sekolah dasar di 

zaman serba digital. BINTANG, 2(1), 

35–48. 

Aziz, I. N. (2020a). Desain dan Pengembangan 

Open Learning Environment (Oles) dalam 

Pembelajaran. researchgate.net. 

Aziz, I. N. (2020b). Pendidikan Pesantren 

Era Millenieal: Studi Karakteristik 

Santri Dalam Menghadapi 

Perkembangan Revolusi industri 4.0. 

Researchgate, 2(1). https://www. 

researchgate. 

net/profile/Imam_Nur_Aziz/publicat

ion/337783138_PENDIDIKAN_PESA

NTREN/links/5de9fbd992851c83646

57469 

Faizin, M. (2013). Peran manajemen qalbu 

bagi pendidik. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama 



241 
 

Islam (Journal of Islamic Education 

Studies), 1(1), 122–139. 

Ghazali, I. (1981). Ajaran-ajaran Akhlak. 

Surabaya: Penerbit Al-Ikhlas. 

Harun, C. Z. (2013). Manajemen pendidikan 

karakter. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 

4(3). 

Khoiroh, H. (2020a). PEMBELAJARAN 

BAHASA ARAB (MANAJEMEN 

MENUJU OUT PUT BERKWALITAS). 

1. 

Khoiroh, H. (2020b). Pengembangan 

Program Unggulan di Lembaga 

Pendidikan Islam. In JALIE: Jurnal Of 

Applied Linguistis And Islamic …. 

Muchlas, S., & Hariyanto, M. S. (2013). 

Pendidikan Karakter (Konsep Dan 

Model). Bandung: PT Remaja 

Rosdakarya. 

Mumtahanah, N. (2011). Inovasi Pendidikan 

Akhlak Berbasis Manajemen Qalbu. 

Jurnal Al-Hikmah, 1. 

Octavia, E., & Rube’i, M. A. (2017). 

Penguatan pendidikan karakter 

berbasis pancasila untuk 

membentuk mahasiswa prodi ppkn 

menjadi warga negara yang baik dan 

cerdas. Sosial Horizon: Jurnal Pendidikan 

Sosial, 4(1), 111–124. 

\\Prihatin, E. (2011). Manajemen peserta didik. 

Bandung: Alfabeta. 

Septiana, E. S. (2020). Manajemen Penguatan 

pendidikan karakter Di Sdit Ihsanul Fikri 

Kota Magelang. Skripsi, Universitas 

Muhammadiyah Magelang. 

Sriwilujeng, D. (2019). Panduan implementasi 

penguatan pendidikan karakter. 

Sufyan, Q. A., & Ghofur, A. (2022). 

PEMANFAATAN DIGITALISASI 

PENDIDIKAN DALAM 

PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER 

PESERTA DIDIK. MUBTADI: Jurnal 

Pendidikan Ibtidaiyah, 4(1), 62–71. 

Tarmudji, T. (1998). Pengembangan diri. 

Yogyakarta: Liberty Yogyakarta. 

Warisno, A. (2019). Pengembangan sumber 

daya manusia dalam peningkatan 

mutu lulusan pada lembaga 

pendidikan islam di kabupaten. 

Riayah: Jurnal Sosial Dan Keagamaan, 

3(02), 99–113. 

Zaharuddin, Z. (2013). Telaah Kritis 

terhadap Pemikiran Psikologi Islam 

di Indonesia. Intizar, 19(1), 163–188. 

Zubaedi, M. A. (2015). Desain Pendidikan 

Karakter. Prenada Media. 

ZUHRI, E. (2021). Pendidikan Akhlak Pada 

Generasi Milenial. UIN Raden Intan 

Lampung. 



242