item: #1 of 366
          id: jbs-100
      author: Angriawan, Arifin; Abebe, Michael
       title: Chief Executive Background Characteristics and Environmental Scanning Emphasis: An Empirical Investigation
        date: 2011-03-15
       words: 7805
      flesch: 40
     summary: In general, this study hypothesized that the extent of CEO environmental scanning, task environment scanning, and general environment increase with the length of CEO industry tenure and the breadth of CEO intra functional diversity. Hence, we hypothesize that: H 2 : The extent of CEO environmental scanning is positively related to his/her intrapersonal functional diversity.
    keywords: ceo; diversity; environmental; executives; extent; firm; hambrick; industry; journal; knowledge; management; scanning; structures; tenure
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        item: #2 of 366
          id: jbs-101
      author: Liu, Yan; Atinc, Guclu; Kroll, Mark
       title: The Unique Nature of Chinese Corporate Governance Practices
        date: 2011-03-15
       words: 10291
      flesch: 58
     summary: For Chinese companies, some of the prescriptions of western literature should hold, while others may not, owing to the unique dynamics of China's business cli- mate where business processes include both western governance practices along with traditional socialist views. Clarke goes on to explain that in Chinese companies, there is a tradition of independent directors not being ac- tive in the decision making process, while affiliated outsiders may be.
    keywords: board; business; china; chinese; companies; directors; firm; governance; independent; journal; ownership; performance; roa; ros; state
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        item: #3 of 366
          id: jbs-102
      author: Voelker, Troy
       title: Kicking Up Dust: Growth As An Irrational Market Response
        date: 2011-03-15
       words: 10134
      flesch: 47
     summary: First, through growth firms may acquire enough power to exert influence over their markets (Pfeffer & Salancik, 2003). This argument is consistent with the position of Hall and Tochterman (2008) who argue that investors are likely to overstate future values for growth firms, thus leading to inappropriate market pricing.
    keywords: academy; business; firms; growth; journal; management; market; performance; profitability; research; roa; sales; sales growth; strategies; strategy; studies; year
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        item: #4 of 366
          id: jbs-103
      author: Michalisin, Michael; Stinchfield, Bryan
       title: Climate Change Strategies and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation of The Natural Resource-Based View of The Firm
        date: 2010-10-15
       words: 9562
      flesch: 45
     summary: This will prove challenging as the strategies are interlinked such that sustainable development based firms theoretically possess pollution prevention strategic capabilities and product stewardship strategic capabilities as well. Such cutting edge practices include large-scale collaboration with various constituencies (governments, NGOs, other firms , and other key stakeholders) in identifying ways to preserve planet's biosphere.
    keywords: business; capabilities; carbon; change; climate; climate change; development; emissions; energy; environmental; firms; greenhouse; journal; kld; management; performance; resources; strategies
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        item: #5 of 366
          id: jbs-106
      author: Frank, Mark
       title: Price-Cap Regulation and The Incentive To Cooperate In Research
        date: 2011-03-15
       words: 4760
      flesch: 64
     summary: Price cap regulation and technical change. Optimal price cap regulation.
    keywords: cap; price; production; r&d; regulation; research
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        item: #6 of 366
          id: jbs-107
      author: Huffman, Tammy; Skaggs, Bruce
       title: The Effects of Customer-Firm Interaction On Innovation and Performance In Service Firms
        date: 2010-10-15
       words: 8672
      flesch: 55
     summary: One additional avenue for future study would involve the relationship be- tween business level strategies and the type of innovation service firms engage in . As a result, the geographic growth potential of high CFI service firms may be limited as compared to those low in CFI.
    keywords: cfi; costs; customer; firm; innovation; interaction; journal; level; management; organizations; performance; production; research; service; service innovation; switching
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        item: #7 of 366
          id: jbs-108
      author: Elmuti, Dean; Grunewald, Julian; Abebe, Dereje
       title: Consequences of Outsourcing Strategies On Employee Quality of Work Life, Attitudes, and Performance
        date: 2010-10-15
       words: 9573
      flesch: 51
     summary: Plant B within the same company provided a matched comparison group of individuals who did not adopt outsourcing programs for their plant and indicated that they did not anticipate want- ing to seek such an adoption in the foreseeable future due to internal environmental issues and highly effective relationships between labor and management, which in- clude participation of employees in decision making and having weekly meetings between labor and management. In response to these problems and with an eagerness to increase export sales and cut cost, a new training and outsourcing programs were introduced in plant A. The new program in plant A was actively keeping abreast of new trends in cost cutting techniques and practices, especially those associated with outsourcing programs and to some degree cost-cutting techniques.
    keywords: business; commitment; employees; job; journal; life; management; managers; outsourcing; outsourcing program; participants; performance; plant; productivity; program; quality; strategies; study; work
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        item: #8 of 366
          id: jbs-109
      author: Khoja, Faiza
       title: The Triad: Organizational Cultural Values, Practices and Strong Social Intra-Firm Networks
        date: 2010-10-15
       words: 7167
      flesch: 50
     summary: However, organizational practices of collective rewards and open communication are likely to encourage business units t6 develop strong intra-firm networks and hence, at- tain common benefits (Khanna, Gulati & Nohria, 1998). On the other hand , units may be encouraged to form strong intra-firm networks by organizational of- fering of individual rewards to accomplish tasks and to experiment.
    keywords: business; culture; firm; intra; journal; knowledge; management; networks; organization; practices; rewards; units; values
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        item: #9 of 366
          id: jbs-110
      author: Nath, Hiranya
       title: Special Issue On Migration, Remittances, and Trade Agreements: An Introduction
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 2187
      flesch: 54
     summary: Politics and Economics of Free Trade Agreements The article by Trupkin uses a political-economy framework to analyze whether regional free trade agreements are building blocs or stumbling blocs for multilateral trade liberalization. In addition to topics related to migration and remittances, this issue also includes articles on regional trade agreements (RTAs).
    keywords: agreements; countries; migration; remittances; trade
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        item: #10 of 366
          id: jbs-111
      author: Borraz, Fernando; Pozo, Susan; Rossi, Maximo
       title: And What About The Family Back Home? International Migration and Happiness In Cuenca, Ecuador
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 7987
      flesch: 56
     summary: That is, we obtain 14 Journal of Business Strategies predicted probabilities from a probit that predicts migration and then use these pre- dicted probabilities to match non-migrant households to migrant households. The naive comparison suggests that migration reduces happiness while the more comparable sample suggests otherwise, that on average the level of happiness for migrant households and non-migrant households are equal.
    keywords: control; economics; family; group; happiness; households; journal; levels; member; migrant; migration; remittances; variables
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        item: #11 of 366
          id: jbs-112
      author: Nath, Hiranya; Mamun, Khawaja
       title: Workers' Migration and Remittances In Bangladesh
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 8551
      flesch: 64
     summary: Migrant worker remittances and micro-jinance in Bangladesh. Workers remittances and the real ex- change rate: A paradox of gifts.
    keywords: bangladesh; countries; country; economic; growth; international; migrant; migration; number; paper; percent; remittances; studies; total; transfers; workers
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        item: #12 of 366
          id: jbs-113
      author: Trupkin, Danilo
       title: On The Viability of A Multilateral Trade Agreement: A Political-Economy Approach
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 8702
      flesch: 55
     summary: Further, I will study the scenario where countries A, B, and C evalu- ate their prospects for multilateral agreement, starting from status quo. Figure 1 depicts the demand for imports by country A and three possible locations of country B 's supply curve -locations that depend on the endowments of the specific factor used in this industry.
    keywords: agreement; countries; country; exclusions; fta; industries; liberalization; set; status; trade; welfare
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        item: #13 of 366
          id: jbs-114
      author: Nath, Hiranya; Yildiz, Halis
       title: The Implications of A South-South Customs Union On Tariffs, Welfare, and The Prospect of Global Free Trade
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 5356
      flesch: 59
     summary: From the expressions (17), (18), and (24), the following is immediate (see figure 2): Proposition 2: Under ({ <P}), the range 0/ discount/actors above which north country is willing to cooperate over free trade is larger than that above which south countries are willing to cooperate. Proposition 3: Under ({S}), the range of discount factors above which north country is willing to cooperate over free trade is larger than that above which south countries are willing to cooperate.
    keywords: cooperation; countries; country; free; north; south; trade; welfare
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        item: #14 of 366
          id: jbs-115
      author: Barboza, Gustavo; Trejos, Sandra
       title: Economic Growth Creation Or Diversion? The Record of Trade Agreements In Latin America
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 9357
      flesch: 57
     summary: When estimated together, only WTO membership has a positive and statistically significant effect on trade openness growth, while the rest ofthe controls become statistically insignificant. Since memberships to PTAs and WTO have positive 112 Journal of Business Strategies effects on trade openness growth (Table 4), we proceed to re-estimate the output growth model in a two-stage process.9 We first extract the residuals from estimations in Table 4, and then include them in the growth equations with PTAs and WTO cat- egorical variables, in the hope that the residuals would have economic and statistical significance.
    keywords: agreement; countries; economic; effects; growth; integration; latin; openness; output; ptas; regional; results; run; trade; wto
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        item: #15 of 366
          id: jbs-118
      author: Mehanna, Rock-Antoine; Yazbeck, Youssef
       title: Business Innovation, Ethics, and Prosperity: The Primacy of Microeconomics
        date: 2009-10-15
       words: 5026
      flesch: 42
     summary: (2007) statistical approach which relies on partial cor- relations, this paper employs a general micro/macroeconomic framework and uses a multiple regression to examine the effects of business innovation and business ethics (corruption) on economic prosperity as measured by the level of per capita gross domestic product (GDP). (2007) empirical results, this paper hypothesizes the following : (1) the degree of business innovation and business sophistication should have a positive and significant impact on economic prosperity; (2) business ethics, whether mea- sured broadly or specifically, is a precondition to sustainable prosperity and should not be underestimated; (3) business innovation and business ethics interact so that improvement in both indicators is needed to sustain economic prosperity; and (4) the role of micro economic foundations is as instrumental as macroeconomic ones (ifnot more!)
    keywords: business; corruption; economic; ethics; firms; growth; innovation; journal; level; prosperity; variables
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        item: #16 of 366
          id: jbs-119
      author: Jadlow, Joseph
       title: The 2007 Leegin Decision On Resale Price Maintenance and Its Implications For Firms' Distribution Strategies
        date: 2009-10-15
       words: 2900
      flesch: 57
     summary: In most instances, manufactur- ers will now be able to use minimum resale price maintenance when dealing with retailers without violating federal antitrust laws. The economics of resale price maintenance.
    keywords: court; decision; leegin; manufacturer; price; product; rpm
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        item: #17 of 366
          id: jbs-120
      author: Sonnier, Blaise; Carson, Kerry; Carson, Paula
       title: An Examination of The Impact of Firm Size and Age On Managerial Disclosure of Intellectual Capital By High-Tech Companies
        date: 2009-10-15
       words: 8698
      flesch: 55
     summary: An Examination of the Impact of Firm Size and Age on Managerial Disclosure of Intellectual Capital by High-Tech Companies Blaise M. Sonnier Florida International University • Miami, FL Kerry David Carson University of Louisiana at Lafayette • Lafayette, LA Paula Phillips Carson University of Louisiana at Lafayette • Lafayette, LA Abstract A sample of 143 high-technology firms was examined to determine if there were inverse relationships between the size and age of companies and their level of intellectual capital disclosure. Multivariate regression provided support that firm age was a significant predictor of level of intellectual capital disclosure.
    keywords: accounting; age; assets; capital; capital disclosure; companies; disclosure; firms; guthrie; journal; level; number; sample; year
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        item: #18 of 366
          id: jbs-121
      author: Ginn, Vance; Gilbert, Ronald
       title: Can Crude Oil Futures Predict Sport Retail Unleaded Gasoline Prices?
        date: 2009-10-15
       words: 6290
      flesch: 65
     summary: Weekly retail gasoline prices (U.s. reg- ular all formulations retail gasoline prices (cents per gal/on)). Vance Ginn Texas Tech University • Lubbock, TX Ronald D. Gilbert Texas Tech University • Lubbock, TX Abstract The motivation for this paper began with casual empiricism regarding the brief distributed lag of retail gasoline prices behind crude oil futures.
    keywords: average; crude; futures; gasoline; gasoline prices; model; oil; prices; weekly
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        item: #19 of 366
          id: jbs-122
      author: Boswell, James; Moore, Evan
       title: Service Provision and Product Differentiation: A Comment To "A Note On The Strategic Use of Service"
        date: 2009-10-15
       words: 3206
      flesch: 59
     summary: Contrary to their result we find that service provision is profitable in the long run and can be associated with lower prices. Our paper builds on their results in three ways: providing an additional setting of homogeneous goods duopoly, providing the prof- its under the three scenarios (Hegji and Moore's monopoly and differentiated price duopoly, and our homogeneous goods duopoly) with and without service provision, and a discussion of the managerial implications in terms of both service provision and product differentiation.
    keywords: differentiation; moore; profits; provision; service
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        item: #20 of 366
          id: jbs-123
      author: Nath, Hiranya
       title: Special Issue On Migration and Remittances: An Introductory Note
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 2422
      flesch: 41
     summary: The microeconomic studies examine the effects of remittances on the consumption, investment, and savings be- havior of remittance receiving households in different countries. While Solomon's paper examines how exchange rate uncertainty and political risk affect the flows of remittance transfers into selected Latin American countries, Valero- Gil addresses the question if remittance transfers are targeted towards household's health care expenditures in Mexico.
    keywords: business; countries; effects; literature; migration; remittances
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        item: #21 of 366
          id: jbs-124
      author: Cardenas, Mauricio; Di Maro, Vincenzo; Sorkin, Isaac
       title: Migration and Life Satisfaction: Evidence From Latin America
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 7825
      flesch: 59
     summary: Looking at between country variation in rate of migration experience, small- er economies have more migration. Migration experience is highest in Belize, Bolivia, Guyana and Paraguay.
    keywords: country; family; gallup; happiness; help; income; insecurity; job; life; migration; question; satisfaction
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        item: #22 of 366
          id: jbs-125
      author: Orrenius, Pia; Nicholson, Michael
       title: Immigrants In The U.S. Economy: A Host-Country Perspective
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 6207
      flesch: 56
     summary: The second important change with regard to U.S. immigration over the last few decades is the rise of illegal immigration. The rise of illegal immigration is in some ways as much about the change in U.S. immigration policy as it is about a change in immigration patterns.
    keywords: business; chart; employment; foreign; growth; high; immigrants; immigration; labor; percent; population; states; u.s; workers
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        item: #23 of 366
          id: jbs-126
      author: Molina, David; Jewell, R. Todd
       title: An Analysis of Mexican Remigration To The U.S.
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 6598
      flesch: 54
     summary: Winters, de Janvry, and Sadoulet (2001), Curran and Rivero-Fuentes (2003), and Davis, Stecklov, and Winters (2002) are among the re- cent studies that analyze the effect of migration networks on Mexican migration. The issue of Mexican migration to the U.S. has been studied extensively us- ing a variety of models and data.
    keywords: decision; mexican; mexico; migrants; migration; networks; policy; probability; trip; u.s; variables
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        item: #24 of 366
          id: jbs-128
      author: Ruiz, Isabel; Vargas-Silva, Carlos
       title: To Send, Or Not To Send: That Is The Question. A Review of The Literature On Workers' Remittances
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 10228
      flesch: 55
     summary: Dynamic effects of migrant remittances on growth: An econo- metric model with an application to Mediterranean countries. The first group includes those studies that use micro- economic level data to study the determinants of remittance transfers.
    keywords: countries; country; data; economic; evidence; exchange; home; household; impact; journal; migrants; migration; rate; remittances; transfers
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        item: #25 of 366
          id: jbs-129
      author: Solomon, Blen
       title: The Impact of Risk and Uncertainty On Remittances Into Latin American Economies
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 6217
      flesch: 57
     summary: World Bank defines inter- national flows of remittances as the sum of three items, namely, worker remittances, income (compensation) of migrant workers, and migrant savings (the net wealth of migrants when they return home). Worker's remittances and the real ex- change rate: A paradox of gifts.
    keywords: american; countries; country; exchange; home; investment; latin; rate; remittances; risk; variables
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        item: #26 of 366
          id: jbs-130
      author: Valdero-Gil, Jorge
       title: Remittances and The Household's Expenditures On Health
        date: 2009-03-15
       words: 8046
      flesch: 65
     summary: Cardona and Medina (2005) study this relationship in Colombia using, as in this paper, the proportion of health expenditure as the dependent variable but do not find any significant effect of remittances on health expenditures. How- ever, if we want to evaluate health expenditure as a private problem, such as in the case of the private sales of a medical service or product, it could be more relevant to use E[wehlXchl Even in the sales scenario, Debb and Trivedi (2002) have shown that for the case of count data on health expenditures, a threshold model using w* is pre- ferred to a two-step model that separates the cases between weh = ° and wch > 0.
    keywords: access; effects; expenditure; health; hhe; household; mexico; migration; model; remittances; results; tobit
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        item: #27 of 366
          id: jbs-131
      author: Carraher, Shawn; Yuyuenyongwatana, Robert
       title: Academic Journal Ranking: Important To Strategic Management and General Management Researchers?
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 2634
      flesch: 46
     summary: As for merit awards, Manning and Barrette (2005) report that the School of Business at the University of Ottawa, Canada, created a system in order to classify management journals in to A, B, and C categories (i.e., A-level journals being the highest, most prestigious, category) based upon the citation rates of articles pub- lished in the journals. Management journals as venues for publication of family business research.
    keywords: business; entrepreneurship; faculty; journal; management; publications; research
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        item: #28 of 366
          id: jbs-132
      author: Mehta, Sanjay; Bumpass, Donald
       title: The Journal of Business Strategies: The First Twenty-Five Years
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 6274
      flesch: 54
     summary: ing institution affiliations of JBS authors: unweighted and equal weighted author- ship. Also, further analysis found that like other comparable journal authors, JBS authors also tend to choose coauthors of the same gender (McDowell & Smith, 1992).
    keywords: articles; authors; business; issue; jbs; journal; marketing; number; research; state; university
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        item: #29 of 366
          id: jbs-133
      author: Cochran, Daniel; David, Fred; Gibson, C. Kendrick
       title: A Framework For Developing An Effective Mission Statement
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 4514
      flesch: 54
     summary: Pearce (1982) recently identified eight key components of mission statements: customers, products or ser- vices, markets, technology, concern for survival, growth, and profitability, philoso- phy, self-concept, and concern for public image. Excerpts From University Mission Statements 1.
    keywords: analysis; business; college; management; mission; mission statement; organization; process; statement; university
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        item: #30 of 366
          id: jbs-134
      author: Clarke III, Irvine
       title: Emerging Value Propositions For M-Commerce
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 5796
      flesch: 48
     summary: Therefore, technology-focused wireless Internet business models will be replaced by models which best integrate the unique characteristics of wireless m-commerce. This proliferation of wireless capability has created an emerging opportunity for e-commerce businesses to expand beyond the traditional limita- tions of the fixed-line personal computer.
    keywords: applications; business; commerce; devices; information; internet; mobile; new; propositions; strategies; time; value; wireless
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        item: #31 of 366
          id: jbs-135
      author: Yang, Zhilin; Jun, Minjoon
       title: Consumer Perception of E-Service Quality: From Internet Purchaser and Non-Purchaser Perspectives
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 8572
      flesch: 47
     summary: Since the focus of this study was on Internet purchasers and Internet non-purchasers' different perceptions of online service quality dimensions, their personal user and demographic profiles were omitted. The generaliza- tion of online service quality dimensions also requires numerous studies crossing different online industries including financial services, health care and other online Volume 25, Number 2 81 services.
    keywords: consumers; customers; dimensions; information; internet; internet non; internet purchasers; non; purchasers; quality; reliability; service; service quality; web
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        item: #32 of 366
          id: jbs-136
      author: Bowersox, Donald; Mentzer, John; Speh, Thomas
       title: Logistics Leverage
        date: 2008-10-15
       words: 5211
      flesch: 40
     summary: Market research needs to expand from the traditional study of needs, attitudes, and behavior related to product, price, and promotional offer- ings to include the study of customer logistics needs that customers may not even be aware exist. The absolute magnitude of logistics cost has directed many firms to control the expense side of logistics; that is, to manage the process to achieve a level of efficiency.
    keywords: advantage; business; cost; customer; integration; journal; leverage; logistics; management; marketing; research; service
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        item: #33 of 366
          id: jbs-137
      author: Schnake, Mel; Williams, Robert
       title: Multiple Directorships and Corporate Misconduct: The Moderating Influences of Board Size and Outside Directors
        date: 2008-03-15
       words: 5320
      flesch: 51
     summary: With respect to board size, however, there is no consensus among researchers as to whether larger or smaller boards are better equipped to provide effective firm oversight (Dalton, Daily, Johnson & Ellstrand, 1999; Johnson, Daily & Ellstrand, 1996). Board Size and Firm Monitoring Research on the possible influence of board size on firm behavior has been somewhat limited.
    keywords: boards; directors; firm; investigations; journal; number; outsiders; schnake; size; way
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        item: #34 of 366
          id: jbs-138
      author: Domke-Damonte, Darla; Andreas Faulstich, Jens; Woodson III, William
       title: Entrepreneurial Orientation In A Situational Context: Comparisons Between Germany and The United States
        date: 2008-03-15
       words: 6424
      flesch: 41
     summary: Therefore, to fully understand an individual '8 self-perception of entrepreneurial orientation as well as their per- ception of their countrymen's level of entrepreneurial orientation, it is clearly 18 Journal of Business Strategies VoL 25, No, 1 important to consider the ways in which social forces may affect differences in entrepreneurial orientations. Entrepreneurial orientation provides an indicator of the requisite behavioral initiatives that are conducive to new venture development (Lumpkin & Dess, 1996) and insight into the predispositions that an individual may carry with him or her into a business setting (Grant & Bush, 1995; West, Bamford, & Marsden, 2008).
    keywords: business; countrymen; entrepreneurship; germany; journal; orientation; perceptions; self; small; states; students; united
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        item: #35 of 366
          id: jbs-140
      author: Cosgrove, Sarah; Niederjohn, M. Scott
       title: The Effects of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 On Audit Fees
        date: 2008-03-15
       words: 8725
      flesch: 60
     summary: Finally, interest- ing questions remain regarding the extent to which audit firms cross-subsidized between audits and consulting services and what changes, if any, occurred in the joint pricing of those services in the wake of SOX. References Asthana, S., S. Balsam, & S. Kim. While articles have discussed an increase in audit fees between 2000 and 2002,3 no research that we know of has yet shown an increase in audit fees over the time period in which SOX could be tested specifically as the culprit (Asthana, Balsam & Kim, 2004).
    keywords: accounting; act; audit; audit fees; auditors; fees; firms; model; oxley; sarbanes; services; sox; tier; variable
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        item: #36 of 366
          id: jbs-141
      author: Onyeaso, Godwin; Adalikwu, Chris
       title: An Empirical Test of Customer Retention-Perceived Quality Link: Strategic Management Implications
        date: 2008-03-15
       words: 7461
      flesch: 50
     summary: Cointegration analysis begins by recognizing that many time series variables, such as customer perceived quality and customer retention, are time dependent. It suggests that customers J memories of quality linger on beyond the current period to positively impact customer retention levels in the future.
    keywords: cointegration; customer; customer retention; data; journal; level; link; management; marketing; quality; research; results; retention; service
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        item: #37 of 366
          id: jbs-142
      author: Adler, Terry
       title: Swift Trust and Distrust In Strategic Partnering Relationships: Key Considerations of Team-Based Designs
        date: 2007-10-15
       words: 7069
      flesch: 53
     summary: To reduce the data and achieve some theoretical understanding, observers compared and discussed team perceptions with regard to how teams collec- tively viewed their colleague team. We found consistent results in team perceptions within each scenario regard- ing how teams perceived a trust or distrust perception of their colleague team.
    keywords: business; contract; contracting; distrust; inter; management; partnership; perceptions; research; sbc; scenario; team; trust; work
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        item: #38 of 366
          id: jbs-143
      author: Peterson, Robin
       title: Small Retailer Employment of Older Workers: An Assessment
        date: 2007-10-15
       words: 6861
      flesch: 54
     summary: Various means of acquiring additional sought em- ployees are available, but one that appears to possess considerable potential is to hire and retain older workers. To provide insights on the degree to which small retailers in the United States employ older workers.
    keywords: advantages; age; business; employees; employment; journal; respondents; retailers; seniors; time; training; workers
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        item: #39 of 366
          id: jbs-144
      author: Zhang, Michael
       title: Assessing The Performance Impacts of Information Systems From The Resource-Based Perspective: An Empirical Test of The Indirect Effect of IS
        date: 2007-10-15
       words: 9221
      flesch: 46
     summary: This is followed by an examination of the potential performance impacts of three types of organizational resources (unique organizational culture and structure, unique vertical integration and related diversification, and unique knowledge and infor- mation) that complement IS. First, the study relied on perceptual data collected from single informants in measuring organizational resources that complemented IS.
    keywords: advantage; culture; effect; firm; information; integration; journal; knowledge; management; performance; resources; structure; study; systems
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        item: #40 of 366
          id: jbs-145
      author: Sun, Mingchun; Tse, Edison
       title: Sustainable Growth of Payment Card Networks: A Two-Sided Market Approach
        date: 2007-10-15
       words: 10771
      flesch: 59
     summary: Third, it set a low pricing strategy on the merchant side and charged lower merchant discount (i.e. lower Cv in the dynamic model) than other card networks in order to persuade merchants to accept the Discover card. Theory of credit card networks: A survey of the literature.
    keywords: business; card; card network; cardholders; chicken; consumers; credit; egg; growth; market; merchants; network; payment; payment card; problem; strategies; system; visa
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        item: #41 of 366
          id: jbs-146
      author: Michalisin, Michael; Karau, Steven; Tangpong, Charnchai
       title: Leadership's Activation of Team Cohesion As A Strategic Asset: An Empirical Simulation
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 10248
      flesch: 47
     summary: AN EMPIRICAL SIMULATION Michael D. Michalisin Steven J. Karau Southern Illinois University Carbondale Carbondale, IL CharnchaiTangpong North Dakota State University Fargo, ND Abstract The current study examined the linkage between leadership, team cohesion, and superior performance using group process and performance data collectedfrom a strategic management simulation conducted over afour-month period. However, leadership was significantly as- sociated with team cohesion, which in turn was significantly associated with SF, suggesting that leadership may strengthen performance indirectly by effectuating key group process mechanisms.
    keywords: behavior; cohesion; firm; group; industry; journal; leadership; management; model; performance; relationship; research; simulation; task; team; team cohesion
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        item: #42 of 366
          id: jbs-147
      author: Hoffman, Richard
       title: The Strategic Planning Process and Performance Relationship: Does Culture Matter?
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 8487
      flesch: 50
     summary: Similarly, U.S. planning and performance studies suggest significant correlations between strategic planning processes and relevant measures offirm performance (Boyd, 1991; Miller & Cardinal, 1994; Shrader, Tay lor & Dalton, 1984) when the planning processes other than the formality ofthe system are examined (Brews & Hunt, 1999). Hypothesis 1: Strategic planning processes will be positively related to performance among multinational firms representing a variety of social cultures.
    keywords: culture; firm; hypothesis; journal; measures; performance; planning; processes; relationship; strategy; studies; values
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        item: #43 of 366
          id: jbs-148
      author: Corcoran, Daniel; Shackman, Joshua
       title: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of The Strategic Value of Beyond Compliance Occupational Health and Safety Programs
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 7980
      flesch: 45
     summary: Thus, another hypothesis for determining whether there is a relationship between employee stakeholder power and industry VPP commitment is as follows: Hypothesis 3b: Histograms, means and standard deviations for these two variables at both the 2 and 3-digit SIC level are depicted are depicted in Figure I. Current data for VPP industry prevalence are available on OSHA's web site (OSHA n.d.
    keywords: digit; firm; industries; industry; level; osha; programs; resource; sic; stakeholder; strategies; theory; variable; vpp
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        item: #44 of 366
          id: jbs-149
      author: Allen, Richard; Helms, Marilyn; Takeda, Margaret; White, Charles
       title: Porter's Generic Strategies: An Exploratory Study of Their Use In Japan
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 8680
      flesch: 51
     summary: Table 2 Factor Analysis of Japanese Strategies --..l 00 Strategy Product Differentiation* Cost Leadership* Supply Chain** Factor Analysis of Japanese Strategies Strategy Controlling the Quality of Products/Services Product Differentiation * Cost Leadership* .534 Supply Chain**
    keywords: business; chain; companies; cost; differentiation; firms; focus; japanese; management; organizations; porter; product; research; strategies; strategy; supply; training; use
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        item: #45 of 366
          id: jbs-150
      author: Duan, Jason; Juma, Norma
       title: Inter-Partner Credible Threat and The Survival of U.S.-China Joint Ventures
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 5359
      flesch: 51
     summary: In essence, the emphasis is on the cooperative aspects of venture partners. After the introduction, we briefly review the literature of joint venture partner selection and joint venture performance.
    keywords: business; ijv; inter; joint; journal; partner; performance; study; survival; threat; venture
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        item: #46 of 366
          id: jbs-151
      author: Davidson III, Wallace; Tong, Shenghui; Worrell, Dan; Rowe, Wei
       title: Ignoring Rules of Succession: How The Board Reacts To CEO Illness Announcements
        date: 2006-10-15
       words: 8546
      flesch: 58
     summary: As such, CEO succession decisions are under the purview of the board. Contributions Theoretical Contributions We provide new insights into the theories of choice, board succession decisions and how rules of succession are employed or ignored in special circumstances.
    keywords: board; ceo; chair; decisions; executive; frequency; journal; market; position; rules; sample; succession
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        item: #47 of 366
          id: jbs-152
      author: Swanstrom, Mark
       title: Corporate Governance and The Abnormal Returns To Acquisition Announcements
        date: 2006-10-15
       words: 5689
      flesch: 57
     summary: Hypothesis 1: Acquisition abnormal returns are unrelated to the propor- tion of outside directors. Hypothesis 2: Acquisition abnormal returns are unrelated to board size.
    keywords: board; ceo; directors; firm; governance; journal; returns; size; variables; wealth
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        item: #48 of 366
          id: jbs-153
      author: Mayfield, Jacqueline
       title: The Benefits of Leader Communication On Part-Time Worker Outcomes: A Comparison Between Part-Time and Full-Time Employees Using Motivating Language
        date: 2006-10-15
       words: 9167
      flesch: 50
     summary: Feldman and Doerpinghaus (1992) identified some of these influences as attempts to reduce payroll costs, an eco- nomic shift towards 24/7 services, scheduling requirements oflabor dependent in- dustries, andjust-in-time employment as a response to fluctuating business cycles. In addition, new investigations could draw on a lon- gitudinal design to track perceptions over time, especially through any possible periods of major organizational change.
    keywords: communication; employees; fit; group; job; journal; language; leader; mayfield; model; motivating; performance; results; satisfaction; time; time workers; workers
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        item: #49 of 366
          id: jbs-154
      author: Monsour, Edward; Elias, Rafik; Cruz, Cheryl
       title: Accounting Students' Likelihood of Compliance With Tax Preparation Standards
        date: 2006-10-15
       words: 4759
      flesch: 54
     summary: These results conflict with Grasso and Kaplan (1998) who found that tax students exposed to professional ethics and responsibilities exhibited higher ethical standards. Finn, Chonk, and Hunt (1988) noted this problem in an earlier survey of CPA tax preparers where almost half of them indicated their biggest problem was clients' proposals to alter tax liability and/or tax fraud.
    keywords: accounting; client; cpas; ethics; journal; ssts; standards; students; tax
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        item: #50 of 366
          id: jbs-155
      author: Mohan, Anupama
       title: Global Corporate Social Responsibilities Management In MNCS
        date: 2006-03-15
       words: 9969
      flesch: 48
     summary: Global CSR management also involves cross-border transfer and 10 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 23, No.1 management ofCSR practices, from one part of the MNC to another, as well as the management of local CSR practices suited to the local context of the subsid- iary units. Regulatory constraints preventing global CSR practices were also evident.
    keywords: business; csr; csr management; csr practices; environment; global; international; journal; management; mncs; operations; practices; research; stakeholder; units
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        item: #51 of 366
          id: jbs-156
      author: Munshi, Natasha
       title: A Sociocognitive Perspective of Industry-Level Collective Stakeholder Action: The Case of The Scotch Whisky Industry
        date: 2006-03-15
       words: 5196
      flesch: 52
     summary: It argues that industry stakeholders will act collectively at the industry level when they perceive change to be radically in conflict with their shared beliefs. For the purposes of this paper, industry stakeholders are identified as those individuals and groups who perceive themselves and are perceived by other members as having a member- ship stake in the industry.
    keywords: action; collective; industry; level; malt; perspective; rowley; scotch; stakeholder; whisky
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        item: #52 of 366
          id: jbs-157
      author: Boxenbaum, Eva
       title: Corporate Social Responsibility As Institutional Hybrids
        date: 2006-03-15
       words: 7935
      flesch: 46
     summary: The present paper responds to this call in empirically investigating the institutional processes that lead to the generation of new CSR constructs. According to the analytical framework above, new CSR constructs are local modifications of foreign institutions.
    keywords: construct; csr; csr construct; danish; end; field; firms; governmental; institutions; management; means; project; responsibility; social
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        item: #53 of 366
          id: jbs-158
      author: Perrini, Francesco; Pogutz, Stefano; Tencati, Antonio
       title: Corporate Social Responsibility In Italy: State of The Art
        date: 2006-03-15
       words: 10247
      flesch: 42
     summary: Interestingly, although the sample was selected among sensitive to CSR companies, chosen for their leading role inside Confindustria's network, only 45% were familiar with the Green Paper on CSR promoted by the ED. Within thisframework, the paper aims at analyzing three main issues: spontaneous experiences from companies and other players; the innovative project called Corporate Social Responsibility - Social Commitment, developed by the Ministry ofLabour and Social Affairs, which aims at promoting the involvement ofItalian enterprises in CSR activities, with partic- ular regard to Small and Medium Sized Enterprises; and lastly the main and most interesting outcomes ofa survey that is the starting point ofan ongoing process of investigation regarding CSR attitudes in Italy.
    keywords: activities; business; community; companies; csr; environmental; european; initiatives; involvement; italy; journal; management; ministry; performance; perrini; project; responsibility; size; smes; social; table
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        item: #54 of 366
          id: jbs-159
      author: Tegarden, Linda; Sarason, Yolanda; Childers, Stephen; Hatfield, Donald
       title: The Engagement of Employees In The Strategy Process and Firm Performance: The Role of Strategic Goals and Environment
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 9259
      flesch: 50
     summary: One rationale behind the use of multi-level strategy processes is to provide employees with a better understanding of the company's strategy and build a 76 Journal ofBusiness Strategies Vol. 22, No.2 stronger commitment to achieving the goals in the implementation of the strategy (Floyd & Wooldridge, 2000; Hamel & Prahalad, 1994; Kaplan & Norton, 1996). This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between strategy processes and financial performance by examining information and communication benefits derived from use of multi-level strategy processes.
    keywords: dynamism; employees; goals; innovation; journal; level; making; management; model; organization; performance; processes; quality; relationship; strategy; strategy processes
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        item: #55 of 366
          id: jbs-16
      author: Frank, Mark
       title: Minimum Wage Laws and Top Income Shares: Evidence From A Large Panel of States
        date: 2021-11-19
       words: 4145
      flesch: 61
     summary: The use of state-level panels to explore the effects of minimum wages on top income shares is surprisingly sparse. One would expect such a result if minimum wage changes have spillover effects upon workers earning at and near the minimum wage.
    keywords: changes; income; inequality; level; minimum; shares; state; wage
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        item: #56 of 366
          id: jbs-160
      author: Schnake, Mel; Fredenberger, William; Williams, Robert
       title: The Influence of Board Characteristics On The Frequency of 10-K Investigations of Firms In The Financial Services Sector
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 6725
      flesch: 50
     summary: The results suggest that, contrary to theory, neither the proportion (~routside directors or board size had a s·ign~ficant affect on the number of investigations brought against the sample .firms. Such board characteristics as board size, board tenure, number of inside and outside directors, number of female board members, and number of other boards on which members serve have been related to a variety of firm performance measures.
    keywords: 10k; average; board; characteristics; directors; firm; investigations; journal; management; members; number; performance; size; tenure
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        item: #57 of 366
          id: jbs-161
      author: Black, Gregory; Peeples, Donna
       title: The Impact of A Propensity For Relationalism and Market Growth On Distribution Channel Outcomes
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 5961
      flesch: 41
     summary: Success in this type of financial performance will further encourage organizations with the propensity toward relationalism to remain in channel relationships for longer durations. Several authors have investigated channel relationship endurance in terms of continuity expectation (e.g., Anderson and Weitz 1989;
    keywords: channel; distribution; endurance; exchange; growth; journal; marketing; partners; performance; propensity; relationalism; relationship; research
       cache: jbs-161.pdf
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        item: #58 of 366
          id: jbs-162
      author: Hegji, Charles; Moore, Evan
       title: A Note On The Strategic Use of Service
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 2789
      flesch: 60
     summary: Such models use an additive demand curve with separate service price and final product price, and assume that the only service provided by firms is the capacity to reduce buyer waiting times in equilibrium. Earlier work in this area centers on service level as the firm's primary choice variable.
    keywords: bertrand; level; market; price; service
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        item: #59 of 366
          id: jbs-163
      author: Kiessling, Timothy; Richey, Glenn
       title: International Acquisitions From A Network Perspective and Market Based Competencies
        date: 2005-03-15
       words: 7715
      flesch: 47
     summary: Addi- tionally, the cultural distance of the firm may also directly affect the process of assimilation into relationship network. Creating value through mutual commitment to business network relationships.
    keywords: acquisition; business; firm; international; journal; management; marketing; network; new; relationships; review; target; target firm; valuation; value
       cache: jbs-163.pdf
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        item: #60 of 366
          id: jbs-164
      author: Jiang, Fuming
       title: Driving Forces of International Pharmaceutical Firms' FDI Into China
        date: 2005-03-15
       words: 7713
      flesch: 50
     summary: China medicines and chemical reagents booklet: The first two most important factors, China~' market size with great potential and rapid economic development andgrowth are connected with China smarket and economic condi- tions and the second two most important factors, China s open-door policy and stable political conditions are related to the government's policy on business and economic activities.
    keywords: business; china; chinese; development; economic; entrants; factors; fdi; firms; foreign; growth; international; investment; journal; market; pharmaceutical
       cache: jbs-164.pdf
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        item: #61 of 366
          id: jbs-165
      author: Carraher, Shawn; Carraher, Sarah; Mintu-Wimsatt, Alma
       title: Customer Service Management In Western and Central Europe: A Concurrent Validation Strategy In Entrepreneurial Financial Information Services Organizations
        date: 2005-03-15
       words: 5241
      flesch: 44
     summary: Given the size and nature of the organizations sampled in this study, the findings regarding the potential of using biodata to pinpoint customer service orientation is particularly critical. Linking customer service orientation to com- petitive performance: Does the marketing concept really work?
    keywords: biodata; carraher; customer; employees; hogan; journal; management; organization; orientation; research; service; service orientation
       cache: jbs-165.pdf
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        item: #62 of 366
          id: jbs-166
      author: Lilly, Juliana; Gray, David
       title: Outsourcing The Human Resource Function: Environmental and Organizational Characteristics That Affect HR Performance
        date: 2005-03-15
       words: 8094
      flesch: 49
     summary: Specifically, we address the issue of when and under what circumstances does HR outsourcing contribute value to thefirm by attempting to identify environ- mental and organizational characteristics that affect HR department performance and how HR outsourcing mediates that relationship. Environmental uncertainty (primary, competitive, and supplier) is proposed to moderate the re- lationship between amount of HR outsourcing and HR performance while asset specificity is proposed to moderate the relationship between supplier competition and amount ofHR outsourcing.
    keywords: competition; employee; function; hr outsourcing; hr performance; journal; management; organization; outsourcing; performance; relationship; resource; uncertainty; value
       cache: jbs-166.pdf
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        item: #63 of 366
          id: jbs-167
      author: Robbins, Tina; Miller, Janis
       title: Considering Customer Loyalty In Developing Service Recovery Strategies
        date: 2004-10-15
       words: 6154
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, less loyal customers are likely to be more concerned with the distributive, rather than the procedural fairness in service recovery management. This model was also significant (R 2 = .72, F = 110, P < .01) and main effects for distributive fairness (b = .98, t= 16.49,p < .01) and loyalty (b = .74, t = 3.67,p< .01) suggest a direct influence ofthese variables on customer reactions to service recovery management.
    keywords: customer; failure; fairness; journal; loyalty; management; reactions; recovery; relationship; service; service recovery
       cache: jbs-167.pdf
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        item: #64 of 366
          id: jbs-168
      author: Johnson, Johnathan; Ellstrand, Alan; Dalton, Catherine; Dalton, Dan
       title: A Fine-Grained Analysis of Director Dependence: Examining Board Composition In Detail
        date: 2004-10-15
       words: 8261
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this study, we examine the correspondence between six classes of director relationships and an outcome often associated with managerial expropriation of stockholder interests, the presence of antitakeover defenses. Conclusion In this study, we partitioned director relationships into more precisely defined categories, based on economic and social influence theories, than have been used in past research.
    keywords: antitakeover; board; ceo; decision; directors; governance; journal; management; officers; parachutes; presence; provisions; relationships; theory
       cache: jbs-168.pdf
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        item: #65 of 366
          id: jbs-169
      author: Richard, Orlando; Johnson, Nancy
       title: High Performance Work Practices and Human Resource Management Effectiveness: Substitutes Or Complements?
        date: 2004-10-15
       words: 5784
      flesch: 48
     summary: Human resource management effectiveness was measured from a scale derived by Huselid, et al. (1997). HIGH PERFORMANCE WORK PRACTICES AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS: SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS? Orlando C. Richard University of Texas at Dallas Richardson, TX Nancy Brown Johnson University of Kentucky Lexington, KY Abstract The human resource management literature has implicitZv treated high per- formance work practices (HPWPs) and human resources management (HRM) efJectiveness as substitutesfor one another with respect to their relationship with .firm per.ft)rmance.
    keywords: effectiveness; firm; hpwps; hrm; innovation; journal; management; market; performance; practices; resource; work
       cache: jbs-169.pdf
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        item: #66 of 366
          id: jbs-17
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy
       title: Differences In Millennials In Emerging Markets and Developed Countries: The Case of Turkey and The United States
        date: 2021-03-15
       words: 8672
      flesch: 50
     summary: 37 45 85 46 49 United States 40 91 62 46 26 68 Source: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/ Table 2 Sample Demographics Respondent Profile % of respondents US Turkey Gender Male 46.9 41.1 Female 53.1 58.9 Education GED 6.0 0 High School 37 45 85 46 49 United States 40 91 62 46 26 68 Source: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/ Table 2 Sample Demographics Respondent Profile % of respondents US Turkey Gender Male 46.9 41.1 Female 53.1 58.9 Education GED 6.0 0 High School
    keywords: behavior; brand; consumers; generation; hofstede; internet; journal; loyalty; marketing; media; millennials; online; research; risk; satisfaction; shopping; states; table; turkey; united
       cache: jbs-17.pdf
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        item: #67 of 366
          id: jbs-170
      author: Ojode, Lucy
       title: The Impact of Horizontal Strategic Alliances On The U.S. Steel Industry
        date: 2004-10-15
       words: 11701
      flesch: 45
     summary: This paper examined the U. S. steel industry data from 1977 to 1997 to determine the potential impacts of capability horizontal alliances on industry competitive structure. Consequently, firms that invest in capability horizontal alliances also tend to support in-house developed capabilities.
    keywords: alliances; capabilities; capacity; costs; demand; firms; horizontal; industry; integrated; intensity; joint; journal; level; model; price; producers; production; statistic; steel; table; u.s
       cache: jbs-170.pdf
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        item: #68 of 366
          id: jbs-172
      author: Fletcher, Harold; Brannigan Smith, Darlene
       title: Managing For Value: Developing A Performance Measurement System Integrating Economic Value Added and The Balanced Scorecard In Strategic Planning
        date: 2004-03-15
       words: 6388
      flesch: 56
     summary: % of Revenue from New Products 5.0% 4.8% Innovation and Learning Perspective 15. % of Revenue from New Products 4.8% 4.2% 84.0% 4.0% 15.
    keywords: ahp; employee; eva; firm; index; management; measures; performance; process; sales; strategic; value
       cache: jbs-172.pdf
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        item: #69 of 366
          id: jbs-173
      author: Kim, Eonsoo; Nam, Dae-il; Stimpert, J. L.
       title: Testing The Applicability of Porter's Generic Strategies In The Digital Age: A Study of Korean Cyber Malls
        date: 2004-03-15
       words: 10221
      flesch: 59
     summary: The Internet's universality and its ability to reduce information asymmetries and transactions costs will also create opportunities to rewrite the rules on business strategy (Afuha & Tucci, 2001). Since this study is about business strategy and firm performance, we asked that the questionnaire be answered by a person who was knowledgeable of the firm's strategic direction, and we were gratified that 75 percent of the surveys were answered by senior level (or higher) executives.
    keywords: bricks; business; cost; differentiation; firms; focus; internet; journal; kim; leadership; management; new; online; performance; porter; strategies; strategy; study; type
       cache: jbs-173.pdf
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        item: #70 of 366
          id: jbs-174
      author: Masters, John; Miles, Grant; D'Souza, Derrick; Orr, John
       title: Risk Propensity, Trust, and Transaction Costs In Relational Contracting
        date: 2004-03-15
       words: 7783
      flesch: 54
     summary: Effects of trust and governance on relational risk. Firms which were risk seeking were more closely quasi-inte- grated at a given level of asset specificity than were risk averse firms.
    keywords: asset; contracting; firms; governance; journal; management; market; propensity; relationships; risk; specificity; tce; transaction; trust
       cache: jbs-174.pdf
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        item: #71 of 366
          id: jbs-175
      author: Sundali, James; Seale, Darryl
       title: The Value of Cheap-Talk and Costly Signals In Coordinating Market Entry Decisions
        date: 2004-03-15
       words: 10007
      flesch: 58
     summary: Firms routinely make market entry decisions, decide between types of signaling activities, and attempt to interpret the signals they receive from their competitors. Practitioners that actually must make market entry decisions know how risky such decisions can be.
    keywords: condition; decisions; enter; entry; entry decisions; group; market; market entry; number; signaling; signals; subjects
       cache: jbs-175.pdf
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        item: #72 of 366
          id: jbs-176
      author: Jones Carr, Carolyn; Shrader, Charles; Flynn, James
       title: Predicting Decision-Maker Momentum To Change Offerings In Response To Uncertainty: The Case of The U.S. Customs Mod Act
        date: 2003-10-15
       words: 8850
      flesch: 45
     summary: Strategic decision models: Integrating different perspecti ves. We also identify the specific environmental uncertainties and organization characteris- tics from those included in the model that are significantly related to decision- maker momentum to change offerings in response to environmental uncertainty.
    keywords: act; change; customs; decision; journal; maker; maker momentum; management; mod; model; momentum; offerings; organization; response; uncertainties; uncertainty
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        item: #73 of 366
          id: jbs-177
      author: Elmuti, Dean
       title: Impact of Internet Aided Self-Managed Teams On Quality of Work-Life and Performance
        date: 2003-10-15
       words: 6807
      flesch: 49
     summary: Despite the frequency with IASM teams programs have been adopted in work organizations (Cayne, 1997; Forrester and Drexler, 1999) there is a paucity of knowledge generated by independent evaluators using rigorous 122 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 20, No.2 methods as to the impact on employee attitudes and behaviors. The available studies are limited to testimonials from managers and consultants who have implemented IASM teams programs (Alwang, 1998; Fister, 1999; Reid and Reid, 1999; Mays, 1999).
    keywords: business; employees; iasm; internet; life; management; participants; performance; program; quality; self; teams; teams program; technology; work
       cache: jbs-177.pdf
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        item: #74 of 366
          id: jbs-178
      author: Desai, Ashay; Kroll, Mark; Wright, Peter
       title: CEO Duality, Board Monitoring, and Acquisition Performance: A Test of Competing Theories
        date: 2003-10-15
       words: 7864
      flesch: 47
     summary: Specifically, we address two related questions involving CEO duality under the auspices of agency and stewardship theories. The jlrst involves the extent to which CEO duality directly influences the pr(~fitability (~facquisitions.
    keywords: acquisition; agency; board; ceo; ceo duality; duality; journal; management; members; monitoring; ownership; performance; theory
       cache: jbs-178.pdf
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        item: #75 of 366
          id: jbs-179
      author: Black, Janice
       title: From End-State Fit To Fitting Dynamic: Implications For Organizational Studies
        date: 2003-10-15
       words: 6888
      flesch: 50
     summary: When there is increased market activity with a more complete diffusion of information, market dynamics are shifted to one that more closely resembles an equilibrium-based market. Because in the Austrian school's perspective, the concept of market equilibrium is a reflection of the coordination process, change in the market is moved from being exogenous to endogenous.
    keywords: black; economics; equilibrium; firm; fit; fitting; information; journal; kirzner; market; new; rents
       cache: jbs-179.pdf
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        item: #76 of 366
          id: jbs-18
      author: Olson, Jodi; Segovia, Joann
       title: Linkedin Learning: A Valuable Resource For CPE Credits
        date: 2021-03-15
       words: 2274
      flesch: 50
     summary: In addition to NASBA approved LinkedIn Learning courses, some state boards do allow self-study courses not on the NASBA registry and users could use LinkedIn Learning courses for these additional credits. Table 1 presents the thirteen technical fields of study with the number of NASBA approved LinkedIn Learning courses available for each.
    keywords: course; cpe; figure; learning; nasba; study
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        item: #77 of 366
          id: jbs-180
      author: Maniam, Balasundram; Hadley Leavell, William
       title: Perspectives of Foreign Direct Investment In The New Millennium
        date: 2003-03-15
       words: 1966
      flesch: 54
     summary: Virtually all of the major developed countries experi- enced a downturn in 200 I. In Asia, FDI inflows reached a record level of $143 billion in 2000. South Asia witnessed a drop in FDI inflows by one percent over the previous year.
    keywords: countries; fdi; inflows; investment; percent; world
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        item: #78 of 366
          id: jbs-181
      author: Kiymaz, Halil
       title: Wealth Effect For U.S. Acquirers From Foreign Direct Investments
        date: 2003-03-15
       words: 5463
      flesch: 57
     summary: This study investigates the wealth effects for U.S. firms involved in cross- border acquisitions of foreign firms during the period of 1989-2000. Fatemi (1984) and Doukas and Travlos (1988) probe U.S. firms engaged in foreign acquisitions.
    keywords: acquirers; acquisitions; firms; gains; journal; returns; u.s; wealth; wealth gains
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        item: #79 of 366
          id: jbs-182
      author: Deichmann, Joel; Eshghi, Abdolreza; Haughton, Dominique; Sayek, Selin; Teebagy, Nicholas; Topi, Heikki
       title: Geography Matters: Kohonen Classification of Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment In Transition Economies
        date: 2003-03-15
       words: 8541
      flesch: 51
     summary: First, the mapping of FDI mimics the mapping of the combined economic policy and development indicators; and second, the positioning of country groups in Kohonen mappings of both FDI and the economic characteristics of the transi- tion economies are representative of the geographic location of the region. I Specifically, the analysis employs Kohonen maps to seek structures in a set of 21 macroeconomic indicators to provide better insights on the statistical clusters among countries, and then relates the resulting structures to the physical loca- tion of each country.
    keywords: analysis; bank; central; countries; data; economies; european; fdi; geography; group; investment; kohonen; map; maps; transition; variables; world
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        item: #80 of 366
          id: jbs-183
      author: Festervand, Troy
       title: U.S. Executives' Perceptions of "BEMs" As F.D.I. Options
        date: 2003-03-15
       words: 5216
      flesch: 49
     summary: In the past, the US has invested mightily in emerging nations, both big and otherwise. However, US investment in emerging nations has dwindled in recent years.
    keywords: bems; business; fdi; india; investment; journal; markets; nations; position; respondents; south
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        item: #81 of 366
          id: jbs-184
      author: Ekanayake, E.M.; Vogel, Richard; Veeramacheneni, Bala
       title: Openness and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence On The Relationship Between Output, Inward FDI, and Trade
        date: 2003-03-15
       words: 6148
      flesch: 60
     summary: Sudhir K. Chawla, AnRe/o State University Daniel S. Cochran, Mis!;issippi State University Roy A. Cook, Fort Lewis College R. Mike Cudd, Southeastern Louisiana University Ashay B. Desai, Universitv of Wisconsin at Oshkosh Darla Domke-Damonte, Coastal Carolina University Derrick E. Dsouza, University of North Texas Dennis J. Duchon, University of Texas at San Antonio Dean Elmuti, Eastern Illinois University Joyce Falkenberg, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration Gary Frankwick, Oklahoma State University Donald Freeman, Sam Houston State University James E. Groff, Universitv of Texas ill San Antonio Robert D. Gulbro, Athens State University William A. Hailey, Universitv of North Alabama Ernest H. Hall, Jr., University (!f Southern Alabama James L. Harbin. f!f North Carolina - Pemhroke Barbara Parrish, University of Central Oklahoma Ralph W. Parrish, University of Central Oklahoma David P. Paul III, Monmouth University Marshall K. Pitman, Univ. o,fTexas at San Antonio Shane R. Premeaux, McNeese State University A.K.M. Matiur Rahman, McNeese State University Alan Reinstein, Wayne State University D. Christopher Risker, Wehster University Michael Savoie, University of Dallas Jeffrey P. Slattery, Northeastern Slate University Denise T. Smart, Southwest Texas State University Victor Sower, Sam Houston State University Albert Spalding, 1¥ilyne State University Robert E. Stevens, University (Jf uJUisiana at Monro, Wayne H. Stewart, Jr., Clemson University Kelly C. Strong, Michigan Technological University Bruce Swindle, McNeese State University LewisA. Taylor, University of North Texas Mary S. Thibodeaux, Univasity 01' North Texas V.K. Unni, Bryant College David D. Van Fleet, Arizona State Universitv West Bruce Walters, Louisiana Tech University Peter Wright, Memphis State University $ > u r n a l o f f!1Ju sin ess 9 J tra te g ie s G IB S O N D .
    keywords: adf; business; causality; cointegration; correction; countries; development; economics; error; evidence; exports; fdi; foi; growth; international; investment; journal; results; state; trade; university
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        item: #82 of 366
          id: jbs-185
      author: Gilley, Matthew; Walters, Bruce; Olson, Bradley
       title: Top Management Team Risk Taking Propensities and Firm Performance: Direct and Moderating Effects
        date: 2002-10-15
       words: 8358
      flesch: 50
     summary: Moreover, the bulk of studies that address risk taking and its effect on performance measure risk taking at the firm level by using various financial indicators as proxies for the firm's level of risk. General Risk Taking 6.13 2.66 .31
    keywords: dynamism; effects; financial; firm; items; journal; management; measures; outcomes; performance; relationship; research; risk; risk taking; taking
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        item: #83 of 366
          id: jbs-186
      author: Allen, Richard; Helms, Marilyn
       title: Employee Perceptions of The Relationship Between Strategy, Rewards, and Organizational Performance
        date: 2002-10-15
       words: 9474
      flesch: 52
     summary: Midsized and large firms use focus-based strategies but only in conjunction with differen- tiation or cost leadership strategies, however focus strategies are most effec- tive when consumers have distinct preferences and when the niche has not been pursued by rival firms (David, 1999). EMPLOYEE PERCEPTIONS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGY, REWARDS AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE Richard S. Allen, Ph.D. The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, TN Marilyn M. Helms, D.B.A., CFPIM, CIRM Dalton State College Dalton, GA Abstract This study explores the relationship between organizational strategy, re- ward practices.
    keywords: business; cost; differentiation; employees; firm; focus; journal; leadership; management; organization; performance; practices; product; quality; research; reward; strategies; strategy
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        item: #84 of 366
          id: jbs-187
      author: Julian, Scott; Scifres, Elton
       title: An Interpretive Perspective On The Role of Strategic Control In Triggering Strategic Change
        date: 2002-10-15
       words: 7493
      flesch: 43
     summary: Strategic control plays an important role in this adaptation process through its identification and interpretation of change triggers - critical events in the external environment that mandate an organization's response. We build a conceptual model around a three-step process of scanning/monitoring, data interpretation, and response combined with three different levels of strategic control (strategic surveillance.
    keywords: change; context; control; data; errors; interpretation; journal; management; monitoring; performance; premise; strategic; type
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        item: #85 of 366
          id: jbs-188
      author: Parnell, John; Carraher, Shawn; Holt, Kenneth
       title: Participative Management's Influence On Effective Strategic Diffusion
        date: 2002-10-15
       words: 6715
      flesch: 47
     summary: Wooldridge and Floyd (1990) conducted the most comprehensi ve empirical analysis of middle management strategic involvement. Strategic management helps organizations cope with uncer- tainty by helping shape the competiti ve environment (Das, Handfield, Calantone, & Ghosh, 2000; Guth, 1976; Jauch & Kraft, 1986; Katz, Zarzeski, & Hall, 2000).
    keywords: business; culture; decision; diffusion; involvement; journal; management; managers; organization; participative; ppm; strategic; strategy; understanding
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        item: #86 of 366
          id: jbs-189
      author: Garbi, Esmeralda
       title: Alternative Measures of Performance For E-Companies: A Comparison of Approaches
        date: 2002-03-15
       words: 6955
      flesch: 58
     summary: On one hand, the emphasis on information-based operations and on the use and exploitation of intangible assets that characterize the new economy suggests that e-companies performance cannot be measured with traditional accounting or assets productivity indicators such as ROAand ROE. Another stance regarding e-companies performance is to argue that not enough time has passed yet in order to be able to understand and predict what is going on; that it is better to wait before attempting to value the performance of firms in the e- commerce world (Warren Buffett, as cited by de Figueiredo 2000).
    keywords: assets; business; commerce; companies; firm; growth; indicators; market; measures; new; performance; rate; value
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        item: #87 of 366
          id: jbs-190
      author: Yang, Zhilin; Jun, Minjoon
       title: Consumer Perception of E-Service Quality: From Internet Purchaser and Non-Purchaser Perspectives
        date: 2002-03-15
       words: 8655
      flesch: 49
     summary: For Internet non-purchasers, the most significantly important factor in affecting their perceptions of online service quality was found to be security, followed by personalization and access. This study reveals that, to better understand consumers' assessment of online service quality, it is benefi- cial to investigate the key underlying dimensions perceived by both Internet purchasers and Internet non-purchasers.
    keywords: consumers; customers; dimensions; information; internet; internet non; internet purchasers; non; purchasers; quality; reliability; service; service quality; use; web
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        item: #88 of 366
          id: jbs-191
      author: Braun, Patrice
       title: Digital Knowledge Networks: Linking Communities of Practice With Innovation
        date: 2002-03-15
       words: 4298
      flesch: 46
     summary: Building on the principle that successful SME global positioning needs to be supported by innovation networks and/or favourable government policies, this paper explores the potential of a timely synergy between connectivity and collaborative KM business models vs. barri- ers faced by Australian SMEs in embracing knowledge community practices. Nurturing knowledge communities to leverage intellectual Assets.
    keywords: australian; business; communities; company; information; knowledge; management; networks; new; practice; smes; technology; trust
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        item: #89 of 366
          id: jbs-194
      author: Lee, Zoonky; Gosain, Sanjay
       title: A Longitudinal Price Comparison For Music CD's In Electronic and Brick-and-Mortar Markets: Pricing Strategies In Emergent Electronic Commerce
        date: 2002-03-15
       words: 7107
      flesch: 56
     summary: These price breaks make the brick-and- mortar markets comparable in Internet market prices for the currently popular products. Market prices are the result of deliberate supply-side pricing strategies of sellers as well as conditions impacting the demand side.
    keywords: albums; brick; current; dispersion; electronic; hit; internet; markets; mortar; price; retailers
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        item: #90 of 366
          id: jbs-195
      author: Wang, Fang; Head, Milena; Archer, Norm
       title: E-Tailing: An Analysis of Web Impacts On The Retail Market
        date: 2002-03-15
       words: 7820
      flesch: 46
     summary: Technology development may further change the market structure, expand the types of products or services suitable for Web markets, affect consumers' behaviors, and dictate effective marketing strategies. Therefore, Web information systems will be more complex due to integra- tion and interaction requirements.
    keywords: business; channel; communication; consumers; customers; distribution; information; market; marketers; marketing; marketplace; research; retail; strategies; technology; value; web
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        item: #91 of 366
          id: jbs-196
      author: Balabanis, George; Reynolds, Nina
       title: Consumer Attitudes Towards Multi-Channel Retailers' Web Sites: The Role of Involvement, Brand Attitude, Internet Knowledge, and Visit Duration
        date: 2001-10-15
       words: 9586
      flesch: 53
     summary: Specifically, there is very little academic research on the impact of consumer behavior on online shopping at web sites set up by bricks- and-mortar retailers (Katros, 2000). Nevertheless, little attention has been given to how consumers' differences affect their use and evaluation of web sites.
    keywords: attitudes; brand; consumer; duration; experience; fit; information; internet; involvement; journal; knowledge; research; sites; study; time; web site
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        item: #92 of 366
          id: jbs-197
      author: Clarke III, Irvine
       title: Emerging Value Propositions For M-Commerce
        date: 2001-10-15
       words: 5822
      flesch: 49
     summary: Increased value-for-time propositions will enhance the suc- cess factors of mobile e-commerce businesses, with rewards to providers in increased user acquisition and retention. Therefore, technology-focused wireless Internet business models will be replaced by mod- els which best integrate the unique characteristics of wireless m-commerce.
    keywords: applications; business; commerce; devices; information; internet; mobile; new; propositions; strategies; time; value; wireless
       cache: jbs-197.pdf
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        item: #93 of 366
          id: jbs-198
      author: Skolnik, Richard
       title: Discount Retail Profitability: A Harbinger For E-Commerce?
        date: 2001-10-15
       words: 3713
      flesch: 53
     summary: Adopting IT to improve processes affects ROE through operating perfor- mance, either due to increased profit margins or increased turnover. The projected efficiencies of the Internet and the expansion of electronic commerce may portend lower retail profitability but greater sav- ings for consumers.
    keywords: discount; industry; inventory; profitability; retail; retailers; sales; turnover
       cache: jbs-198.pdf
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        item: #94 of 366
          id: jbs-199
      author: Rasheed, Howard; Geiger, Scott
       title: Determinants of Governance Structure For The Electronic Value Chain: Resource Dependency and Transaction Costs Perspectives
        date: 2001-10-15
       words: 3713
      flesch: 53
     summary: Adopting IT to improve processes affects ROE through operating perfor- mance, either due to increased profit margins or increased turnover. The projected efficiencies of the Internet and the expansion of electronic commerce may portend lower retail profitability but greater sav- ings for consumers.
    keywords: discount; industry; inventory; profitability; retail; retailers; sales; turnover
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        item: #95 of 366
          id: jbs-20
      author: Walters, Bruce; Muriithi, Sammy; Gilley, Otis
       title: Corporate Social Responsibility Engagement, Economic Policy Uncertainty, and Firm Financial Performance
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7161
      flesch: 45
     summary: Evidence continues to accumulate pointing to reputational benefits accruing to CSR firms and the impact of CSR on financial performance (e.g., Cespa & Cestone, 2007; George, Dahlander, Graffin, & Sim, 2016; Wang, Dou, & Jia, 2016). The foregoing characteristics attributed to CSR firms set the stage for increased financial performance.
    keywords: business; csr; effects; financial; firm; journal; management; model; performance; policy; policy uncertainty; relationship; responsibility; uncertainty
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        item: #96 of 366
          id: jbs-200
      author: Merrilees, Bill
       title: Do Traditional Strategic Concepts Apply In The E-Marketing Context?
        date: 2001-10-15
       words: 5947
      flesch: 55
     summary: Do TRADITIONAL STRATEGIC CONCEPTS ApPLY IN THE E-MARKETING CONTEXT? Bill Merrilees Griffith University, Gold Coast Queensland, Australia Abstract This paper explores generic marketing strategies and competitive market positioning in the context of the Australian online book industry. Far from it, there was a high level of agreement in the attribution of generic marketing strategy to particular firms.
    keywords: channel; dymocks; firms; journal; management; marketing; online; position; snake; strategies; strategy
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        item: #97 of 366
          id: jbs-201
      author: McWilliams, Abagail; Van Fleet, David; Wright, Patrick
       title: Strategic Management of Human Resources For Global Competitive Advantage
        date: 2001-03-15
       words: 9597
      flesch: 47
     summary: Further research and obser- vation will refine and clarify the model presented here so that both the theory and practice of transnational human resource management will continue to develop and improve. Academic and professional communities of discourse: Generating knowledge on transnational human resource management.
    keywords: advantage; business; capital; firm; human; international; journal; knowledge; labor; management; managers; pools; potential; resources
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        item: #98 of 366
          id: jbs-202
      author: Sanders, D. Elaine; Coelho, Jane
       title: The Effect of Impression Management Strategies On Earnings Release Announcements
        date: 2001-03-15
       words: 7986
      flesch: 51
     summary: THE EFFECT OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON EARNINGS RELEASE ANNOUNCEMENTS D. Elaine Sanders, Ph.D. Jane L. Coelho, C.P.A., M.B.A. University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio, TX Abstract This study examines the effect of impression management On the reactions of individual decision-makers in the presence of positive or negative information. Giacalone 30 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 18, No.1 (1989) presents two types of impression management strategies based on the two elemental situations management will attempt to control - good news and bad news.
    keywords: accounting; domain; earnings; experience; impression; impression management; information; investment; management; positive; results; strategies; subjects
       cache: jbs-202.pdf
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        item: #99 of 366
          id: jbs-203
      author: Claycomb, Cindy; Lengnick-Hall, Cynthia; Inks, Lawrence
       title: The Customer As A Productive Resource: A Pilot Study and Strategic Implications
        date: 2001-03-15
       words: 9050
      flesch: 43
     summary: When service customers are actually involved in co-producing the service, the customer behaves as a partial employee who contributes effort, time, or other resources to either design the service or per- Spring 2001 Claycomb et al.: Organizational socialization of service customers, Journal of Business Research.
    keywords: customer; customer participation; delivery; employees; information; journal; levels; organization; participation; process; production; satisfaction; service; socialization; ymca
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        item: #100 of 366
          id: jbs-204
      author: Valentine, Sean; Young, Kimberly; Bailey, Lorissa; Barhoum, Naser; LaBure, Stacy; Glover, Natasha; Isaac, Peter
       title: Expressing Organizational Dissent: The Role of Ethical Ideology and Corporate Ethical Values
        date: 2001-03-15
       words: 6112
      flesch: 50
     summary: Since personal moral philosophies and organizational ethical values are theoretically linked to ethical judgments, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of dissent in ethical issues by examining how idealism, relativism, and corporate ethical values influence the expression of dissent. Weaver, Trevino, and Cochran (1999) state that organizational ethical values can be defined through control theory and managerial choice theory.
    keywords: barnett; business; dissent; ethics; forsyth; idealism; individuals; journal; organizational; relativism; values
       cache: jbs-204.pdf
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        item: #101 of 366
          id: jbs-205
      author: Riahi-Belkaoui, Ahmed
       title: Corporate Disclosure Quality and Social Performance
        date: 2001-03-15
       words: 3023
      flesch: 50
     summary: It The model states that the score assigned to responsibility to the communityl environment, as a measure of social performance, is a function of the level of corporate disclosure quality after controlling for the size, profitability and market to accounting value of the firm. Hypothesis I predicts that corporate disclosure quality will positively affect social performance.
    keywords: accounting; assets; disclosure; firm; performance; quality; value
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        item: #102 of 366
          id: jbs-206
      author: Michalisin, Michael; Kline, Douglas; Smith, Robert
       title: Intangible Strategic Assets and Firm Performance: A Multi-Industry Study of The Resource-Based View
        date: 2000-10-15
       words: 10028
      flesch: 47
     summary: Measuring strategic performance. Perhaps this study will generate additional interest in the use of computerized content analysis in strategic management research.
    keywords: advantage; analysis; assets; content; culture; firm; industry; journal; knowhow; management; performance; rbv; reputation; research; resources; study; words
       cache: jbs-206.pdf
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        item: #103 of 366
          id: jbs-207
      author: Katz, Jeffrey; Zarzeski, Marilyn; Hall, H. John
       title: The Impact of Strategy, Industry and Culture On Forecasting The Performance of Global Competitors: A Strategic Perspective
        date: 2000-10-15
       words: 9246
      flesch: 47
     summary: Recent research has reported the increasing importance played by financial analysts regarding the stock price and market value of firms. Despite the company's announcement that earnings would be equal to or slightly less than prior period earnings, financial analysts had incorrectly predicted substantial earnings increases.
    keywords: analysts; business; culture; dispersion; earnings; estimates; factors; firm; forecast; industry; journal; level; management; performance; research; strategies; strategy
       cache: jbs-207.pdf
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        item: #104 of 366
          id: jbs-208
      author: Engelland, Brian; Alford, Bruce
       title: Consumer Learning and The Creation of Primacy Advantages For Followers
        date: 2000-10-15
       words: 6202
      flesch: 45
     summary: In effect, appropriate vocabulary serves as an organizing frame- work (or hierarchical trace) that speeds the learning of new innovations, and pre- scribes meaning and importance attributes that lead to associative memory stor- age. The authors develop and test a Model of Innovation Learning that shows how individuals relate their understanding of new products to those with which they've had previous exposure.
    keywords: advantage; brand; consumer; distinctiveness; information; innovation; journal; learning; marketing; model; new; perceptual; product; research
       cache: jbs-208.pdf
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        item: #105 of 366
          id: jbs-209
      author: Peterson, Robin
       title: An Evaluation of Wholesaler Accuracy In Judging The Legality of Selected Activities
        date: 2000-10-15
       words: 4732
      flesch: 58
     summary: In addi- tion, large wholesaler managers often have recourse to specialized attorneys which the company retains (Bellhouse & Hutchison, 1993; Franchising Currents, 1993). Fifteen percent of the prac- tices evaluated by large wholesale managers and forty percent evaluated by small wholesaler personnel were in error.
    keywords: actions; customers; federal; illegal; laws; legality; managers; marketing; price; wholesalers
       cache: jbs-209.pdf
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        item: #106 of 366
          id: jbs-21
      author: Collins, Jamie; Akinboye, Abayomi; Morrish, Sussie
       title: The Enduring Importance of Entrepreneurial Motivation For Growth
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 8839
      flesch: 46
     summary: While there are many drivers of entrepreneurial growth, scholars seem to be nearly unanimous in the view that growth intention precedes actual growth (Knockaert et al., 2015; Puente et al., 2017; Rasmussen et al., 2016). A significant number of the empirical works done on entrepreneurial growth were conducted in Sweden and the United States.
    keywords: business; entrepreneurship; et al; firms; growth; international; journal; motivation; research; smes; venture
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        item: #107 of 366
          id: jbs-210
      author: Fitzsimmons, James; Fitzsimmons, Mona
       title: Special Issue On Services In The Next Millennium
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 1135
      flesch: 35
     summary: Virtual services also differ from experiential services in the extent to which customer contact, customization, interaction, and technology can be used to deliver the service effectively. Customization of virtual services can take place both during online customer interactions, and through offline back-office processes that are separated from the customer.
    keywords: management; operations; service; university
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        item: #108 of 366
          id: jbs-211
      author: Mehta, Sanjay; Kline, Douglas
       title: Special Issue on e-Commerce and e-Marketing Strategies
        date: 2021-10-11
       words: 1562
      flesch: 45
     summary: Georgia State University Shobha Chengalur-Smilh, State University o/New York Rosann Collins. Sam Hous/on State University Prasad Bingi, Indiana-Purdue University Ed Blackburne, Sam Housron Stare UniK Jan Bon.
    keywords: business; commerce; firms; florida; houston; information; issue; management; marketing; sam; state; strategies; university
       cache: jbs-211.pdf
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        item: #109 of 366
          id: jbs-212
      author: Verma, Rohit; Boyer, Kenneth
       title: Service Classification and Management Challenges
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 7526
      flesch: 52
     summary: Sullivan (1981) and Bowen and Cummings (1990) also advocate an integrated approach to service management and suggest that operations management researchers must include organiza- tional behavior and marketing constructs and techniques to address service operations problems adequately. A basic toolkit for service management.
    keywords: auto; challenges; classification; customer; industries; industry; journal; management; operations; process; repair; sample; service; table
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        item: #110 of 366
          id: jbs-213
      author: Metters, Richard; Ketzenberg, Michael
       title: Small Is Beautiful: The Re-Emergence of The Convenience Strategy
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 4933
      flesch: 59
     summary: The viability and strategicfunctional choices ofthe small store, convenience strategy is explored. Our thesis, however, is that the combination of improved business practices, specifically the technical improvements in information systems and operational logistics and inventory advances, combined with increased consumer desires for convenience, has created an environment where networks of small stores can become a domi- nant paradigm once again.
    keywords: attraction; business; convenience; customer; grocery; inventory; journal; office; service; size; store; strategy
       cache: jbs-213.pdf
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        item: #111 of 366
          id: jbs-214
      author: Blumentritt, Rolf; Hardie, Neil
       title: The Role of Middle Management In The Knowledge Focused Service Organization
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 5086
      flesch: 55
     summary: Technology and the growth ofspecialization are altering the main role ofthe middle managerfrom supervision to the support of knowledge transfer. This bridging role is particularly important in service organizations because the particular properties ofservices make knowledge transfer difficult.
    keywords: groups; knowledge; management; manager; middle; new; organization; role; service; transfer
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        item: #112 of 366
          id: jbs-215
      author: Reid, Richard; Koljonen, Elsa
       title: A Systems-Based Framework For Continuous Improvement: A Service Sector Application
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 5722
      flesch: 49
     summary: 56 Journal of Business Strategies VoL 17, No.1 As presented in Figure 3, the new framework for process improvement seeks increased effectiveness by incorporating some systems concepts into its approach. The purpose of this case study is to illustrate how the system concepts associ- ated with a new framework for process improvement could be applied to improve customer satisfaction in small service sector firm.
    keywords: action; firm; framework; improvement; leverage; new; plan; problem; process; step; systems; team
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        item: #113 of 366
          id: jbs-216
      author: Mechling, George; Little, Beverly
       title: Service Encounter Mismatches: A Conceptual Framework Integrating It and Job Design
        date: 2000-03-15
       words: 8423
      flesch: 45
     summary: Failures Satisfied / customer Encounter Success Analysis of these cases can establish the utility of a conceptual framework to explain the use of judgment by customer contact service personnel when acting within the technology paired to their jobs. Such knowledge will permit decisions to be made as to the extent to which customer contact service personnel should use judgment and exercise discretion to the benefit of both the customer and the servicing organization.
    keywords: contact; customer; design; discretion; encounter; exercise; job; judgment; management; organization; personnel; service; service encounter; technology; use
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        item: #114 of 366
          id: jbs-217
      author: Frohlich, Cheryl; Kavan, C. Bruce; Samli, A. Coskun
       title: Improving Bank Market Performance
        date: 1999-10-15
       words: 5667
      flesch: 47
     summary: It has been posited in this paper that consumer banks must migrate in the direc- tion of balancing external and internal information requirements to be simulta- 118 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 16, No.2 neously efficient and effective. Although much work has been done in retailing regarding the store image, in bank marketing this is still a neglected area.
    keywords: bank; banking; business; customer; efficiency; environment; industry; information; marketing; research; strategy; system
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        item: #115 of 366
          id: jbs-218
      author: Mehta, Sanjay; Maniam, Balasundram; Mehta, Subhash
       title: Relationship Banking: A Multinational Bank’s Application of Relationship Marketing
        date: 1999-10-15
       words: 5319
      flesch: 48
     summary: Marketing bank services to corporate customers: This paper investigates a multinational bank's use of relationship marketing by using McKinsey & Co. 's Seven-S framework.
    keywords: account; account relationship; bank; banking; customer; delta; journal; management; manager; marketing; relationship; service
       cache: jbs-218.pdf
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        item: #116 of 366
          id: jbs-219
      author: Bamford, Charles; Rogers, Patrick; Miller, Alex
       title: Transformation of Strategic Types: An Examination of The Internal Antecedents to Organizational Change
        date: 1999-10-15
       words: 6011
      flesch: 56
     summary: This study reflects an effort to improve our understanding of strategic type changes with a direct examination of these antecedents through the longitudinal analysis of a single industry. While this stream of research has yielded some interesting findings, it is conceptually limiting as one of the fundamental strate- gic management prescripts depict strategic change as a deliberate managerial ef- fort to align the company with its environment (Andrews, 1971; Child, 1972; Jennings & Seaman, 1994).
    keywords: bank; change; coalition; firm; journal; management; organization; performance; strategy; transformation; tushman; type
       cache: jbs-219.pdf
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        item: #117 of 366
          id: jbs-22
      author: York, Kenneth; Miree, Cynthia
       title: The Hanson Brothers Effect: Is Rough Play A Winning Strategy In The NHL?
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7301
      flesch: 60
     summary: Stanley Cup Playoff teams will have more rough play than the other non-Playoff teams, in the NHL regular season. There was no significant difference between Stanley Cup Playoff teams and Non-Stanley Cup Playoff teams in Penalties in Minutes, Major Penalties, Minor Penalties, nor PIM Differential.
    keywords: cup; game; measures; penalties; pim; play; season; stanley; stanley cup; teams
       cache: jbs-22.pdf
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        item: #118 of 366
          id: jbs-220
      author: Cahlik, Dannis; Howard, Jack; Godkin, Lynn
       title: Compensation Strategy and Financial Performance of Community Banks: An Exploratory Study
        date: 1999-10-15
       words: 7688
      flesch: 53
     summary: Detennination of strategic orientation was obtained by ana- lyzing the bank president's responses to questions about their bank's competitive strategy, which included 5 areas of bank strategy: market penetration, market innovation, technological innovation, efficiency strategies, and domain expan- sion strategies. Unfortunately, the influence of ICPs on financial performance, increased market share, or the motivation and retention of bank employees has been examined, but is largely unknown to date (Lawler, 1981, 1984, 1990).
    keywords: banking; banks; compensation; efficiency; employees; icps; level; management; orientation; performance; results; strategies; strategy; uncertainty; use
       cache: jbs-220.pdf
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        item: #119 of 366
          id: jbs-221
      author: Jun, Minjoon; Peterson, Robin; Zsidisin, George; Daily, Bonnie
       title: Service Quality Perceptions in The Banking Industry: Major Dimensions
        date: 1999-10-15
       words: 6560
      flesch: 48
     summary: It seems that business customers place their emphasis on fewer dimensions than do individual customers in evaluating loan service quality. If properly implemented, TQM can result in enhanced levels of service quality, reduced operating costs, the creation and re- tention of loyal customers through response to changing customer needs, and thus improved financial results (e.g., Easton & Jarrell, 1998; Hendricks & Singhal, 1997; and Flynn et a1., 1995).
    keywords: attributes; bankers; banking; customers; dimensions; groups; importance; loan; management; quality; service; service quality; total
       cache: jbs-221.pdf
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        item: #120 of 366
          id: jbs-222
      author: Bierly III, Paul
       title: Development of A Generic Knowledge Strategy Typology
        date: 1999-03-15
       words: 10841
      flesch: 53
     summary: Additionally, detailed case studies could be used to better under- stand how knowledge strategies evolve over time and identify barriers and facili- tators to the implementation of different knowledge strategies. In a similar manner, earlier research on technology strategies (e.g., Maidique & Patch, 1983) has some similarities to what we are terming knowledge strategies. Broadly speaking, the major thrust of each of these three streams of research is that the management of a firm's knowledge-base and its ability to learn are critical to its success.
    keywords: base; development; firm; industry; journal; knowledge; knowledge strategy; learning; management; new; organization; process; strategies; strategy
       cache: jbs-222.pdf
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        item: #121 of 366
          id: jbs-223
      author: Mukherji, Amanda; Desai, Ashay; Francis, John
       title: Reclaiming the Environment-Organization Fit: Matching Turnaround Strategies to Environmental Exigencies
        date: 1999-03-15
       words: 8516
      flesch: 50
     summary: The causal texture of organizational environments. The emphasis regarding firm environment in this paper is not so much with its varying definitions, but with how different aspects of the environment are interrelated to each other, and how these interrelated parts differentially impact organizations.
    keywords: business; decline; environment; firm; fit; industry; journal; level; macro; management; organization; strategies; strategy; turnaround
       cache: jbs-223.pdf
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        item: #122 of 366
          id: jbs-224
      author: Pouder, Richard; Cantrell, R. Stephen
       title: Corporate Governance Reform: Influence on Shareholder Wealth
        date: 1999-03-15
       words: 6632
      flesch: 54
     summary: M A I SYSTEMS CORP MACDERMID INC MAGMA COPPER CO NEW MCGRAW HILL PUBLISHING INC MEAD CORP MERCK & CO INC MIDLANTIC CORP MOBIL OIL CORP MONSANTO CHEMICAL CO MONSANTO CHEMICAL CO NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP NYNEXCORP NYNEXCORP OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORP ORYX ENERGY CO PENNEY J C INC PEPSICO INC PFIZER CHAS & CO INC PHILIP MORRIS & CO LTD PHILIP MORRIS & CO LTD 06126/90 03/10/92 12/15/89 04/27/92 12/01192 11/01193 03/06/90 12/07/90 10125193 01/25/90 02/26/92 01114192 03114/91 09/24/90 04/06/92 05/30/91 04/04/89 04/27/90 12/05/89 12/07/90 03/28/91 07/29/92 02111/93 02117/93 08/30/91 08/06/90 11/07/89 04111191 06/27/91 10111193 12/06/89 07/03/92 03124193 05/01/92 03119/92 07/01/91 11123192 01117/89 09120/90 02/03/93 09117191 12/02/93 02114191 10115/91 0911 1/92 02104/92 10120193 05/06/92 11/26193 66 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 16, No. 1 PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO PITNEY BOWES INC PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO RAYTHEON MANUFACTURING CO SCOTT PAPER CO SEARS ROEBUCK & CO SEARS ROEBUCK & CO SEQUENT COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC SHAWMUT NATIONAL CORP TAMBRANDS INC TEKTRONIX INC TENNECO INC TENNECO INC TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC TEXAS UTILITIES CO TRAVELERS CORP TRINOVA CORP U SF & G CORP U SF&GCORP UNION CARBIDE & CARBON CORP UNISYS CORP UNITED STATES SHOE CORP UNITED STATES SHOE CORP UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP UNOCALCORP VARIAN ASSOC WAL MART STORES INC WANG LABORATORIES INC WANG LABORATORIES INC WANG LABORATORIES INC WANG LABORATORIES INC WANG LABORATORIES INC WARNER LAMBERT CO XEROX CORP XEROX CORP XEROX CORP 02/19/92 12113/89 08/12/91 1lI01l93 01124/92 09/17190 01l26/93 07/03/91 01124/91 This leads to the following hypothesis: 54 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 16, No.1 Hypothesis 1: Corporate governance practices are significantly related to positive and negative changes in shareholder value following a layoff announcement.
    keywords: announcement; board; business; ceo; corp; directors; governance; inc; journal; layoff; management; market; ownership; practices; shareholder; stock; strategies
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        item: #123 of 366
          id: jbs-225
      author: Ellstrand, Alan; Daily, Catherine; Johnson, Jonathan; Dalton, Dan
       title: Governance by Committee: The Influence of Board of Directors' Committee Composition on Corporate Performance
        date: 1999-03-15
       words: 7931
      flesch: 53
     summary: While there are likely to be a variety of reasons for these sometimes contradictory findings, we have elected to focus on one specific explanation-the need for a focus on board committee composition. Analysis Hierarchical linear regression models were constructed to analyze the hy- pothesized relationships concerning board committee composition and firm per- formance.
    keywords: audit; board; business; committee; compensation; composition; directors; firm; governance; journal; management; nominating; operationalization; performance; results
       cache: jbs-225.pdf
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        item: #124 of 366
          id: jbs-226
      author: Mehta, Sanjay; Maniam, Balasundram; Leipnik, Mark
       title: The Journal of Business Strategies the First Fifteen Years
        date: 1999-03-15
       words: 5885
      flesch: 58
     summary: Recommendation to enhance JBS are based on quantitative analysis ofpast JBS articles and personal interviews with selected stakeholders. I The only other difference noted (see Table 8) is that JBS articles have a higher percentage (13.1 %) of Proceedings/Conference presentations papers compared to 4.1 % for Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 2.0% for Journal of International Business Studies and almost no such citations for Journal of Business Communication.
    keywords: articles; authors; business; jbs; journal; marketing; number; pet; research; state; university
       cache: jbs-226.pdf
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        item: #125 of 366
          id: jbs-227
      author: Zacharakis, Andrew
       title: Entrepreneurial Exporting Strategies: Contractual Considerations
        date: 1998-10-15
       words: 7174
      flesch: 49
     summary: For instance, entrepreneurs (principal) may offer their agents an exclusive for any particular target market which precludes entrepreneurs from diversifying their risk (i.e. using other agents in the target country). I The unifying denomina- tor between each of these entry strategies is that entrepreneur's (principal) ally themselves with a partner (export agent) in order to leverage their resources and make international expansion more affordable, as well as increasing the likeli- hood of successful entry.
    keywords: agency; agent; behavior; contract; distance; entrepreneur; outcome; power; relationship; risk; strategies; theory
       cache: jbs-227.pdf
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        item: #126 of 366
          id: jbs-228
      author: Lemons, Mary; Gilmore, J. Barry
       title: Building Commitment Through Strategic Involvement: The Mediating Role of Procedural Justice
        date: 1998-10-15
       words: 6280
      flesch: 47
     summary: Using a sample of top-, middle-, and lower-level managers, this study found significant results which suggest that pro- ceduraljustice partially mediates the relationship between strategic involvement and commitment. Strategic involvement may be important to perceptions of procedural justice because involvement relates to the procedural variable of process control.
    keywords: commitment; involvement; journal; justice; management; organization; planning; process; relationship; research; study; variable
       cache: jbs-228.pdf
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        item: #127 of 366
          id: jbs-229
      author: Ghingold, Morry; Hall, Ernest; Johnson, Bruce
       title: Intrafirm Technical Knowledge and Competitive Advantage: A Framework and Exploratory Study
        date: 1998-10-15
       words: 8776
      flesch: 43
     summary: First, greater amounts of technical knowledge broaden a manager's mind to the complexity of technical decisions and the plethora of available solutions, while managers with less technical knowledge may oversimplify the problem or seek to satisfice by adopting a less than optimal solution. Expanding on recent work by Day ( J994), this paper develops a conceptual framework that links intrafirm technical knowledge with the ability to develop and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage.
    keywords: advantage; business; decision; firm; information; knowledge; making; management; managers; manufacturing; new; technology; time
       cache: jbs-229.pdf
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        item: #128 of 366
          id: jbs-23
      author: Miller, Carliss; Richard, Orlando
       title: Status Incongruence In Supervisor Subordinate Dyads: The Effects On Subordinate Job Satisfaction and Creative Performance
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 8225
      flesch: 37
     summary: Still, findings about the impact of status incongruence on individual outcomes and behavior has been divided; evidence on age status incongruence in work dyads shows that tension is a probable outcome of status incongruence, whereas other studies have found more positive outcomes. For instance, Perry et al (1999) found some evidence that age status incongruence may have serious implications in dyadic relationships.
    keywords: clan; culture; incongruence; job; job performance; job satisfaction; journal; performance; role; satisfaction; status; status incongruence; subordinate; supervisor
       cache: jbs-23.pdf
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        item: #129 of 366
          id: jbs-230
      author: Reinstein, Alan; Lander, Gerald
       title: A Survey on Accounting for Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments
        date: 1998-10-15
       words: 6349
      flesch: 39
     summary: The paper first discusses the current standards relating to financial derivatives and other financial instruments; it then provides examples of leading disclosures of such financial instruments. Specifically as shown in Exhibit 2, registrants would select one of three quantitative disclosure methods (i.e., tabular pre- sentation of expected cash flows, sensitivity analysis or value at risk) and highlight qualitative disclosures of market risk, focusing on how the entity manages those exposures (e.g., describing the general objectives of holding such financial instruments and strategies used to manage these risks).
    keywords: accounting; cash; derivatives; disclosures; instruments; interest; market; rate; risk; sec; sfas; value
       cache: jbs-230.pdf
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        item: #130 of 366
          id: jbs-231
      author: De Castro, Julio; Chrisman, James
       title: Narrow-Scope Strategies and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation
        date: 1998-03-15
       words: 6549
      flesch: 59
     summary: Hypothesis 3: Firms with narrow product scope and broad market scope will outpeiformfirms with narrow market scope and broad product scope. Hypothesis 1 was not supported since, overall, narrow-scope firms outperfonned broad-scope firms and, more specifically, finns with narrow product scopes and broad market scopes achieved the best perfonnance.
    keywords: broad; business; firms; industries; industry; market; narrow; performance; product; scope; scope firms; strategies
       cache: jbs-231.pdf
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        item: #131 of 366
          id: jbs-232
      author: Subramanian, Ram; Sanchez, Carol
       title: Environmental Change and Management Staffing: An Empirical Examination of The Electric Utilities Industry
        date: 1998-03-15
       words: 7071
      flesch: 44
     summary: p<O.OI Environmental Change and Management Staffing Based on the results obtained in the first stage of the study, we developed hypotheses that relate the change in external environment to changes in the domi- nant coalition of electric utility companies. It can be argued, then, that changes in the top manage- ment of electric utility companies after the EPAct 92 would favor older managers over younger managers, because older managers would be more likely to con- tinue on a strategic path that was oriented towards traditional, efficiency measures.
    keywords: change; electric; environmental; epact; industry; management; managers; new; period; study; utilities; utility
       cache: jbs-232.pdf
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        item: #132 of 366
          id: jbs-233
      author: Hatfield, Louise; Pearce II, John
       title: The Role of Business Similarity in Joint Venture Performance
        date: 1998-03-15
       words: 8497
      flesch: 51
     summary: Similarly, McConnell & Nantell (1985) argue that joint venture partners are motivated by synergies, and that there must be some common activities or relatedness for synergy to be possible. Executive officers ofthe joint venture partners provided consensus responses.
    keywords: achievement; acquisition; business; business similarity; firms; goal; joint; journal; management; partner; performance; product; research; similarity; study; venture
       cache: jbs-233.pdf
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        item: #133 of 366
          id: jbs-234
      author: Dibrell, Clay; Francis, John; Van Ness, Robert
       title: Value of Shareholders in The Turnaround Process: A Signaling Theory Perspective
        date: 1998-03-15
       words: 5466
      flesch: 59
     summary: These results support hypothesis 2, which suggested that the market would react more favorably to the announcements of a turnaround strategy for non turnaround firms than for turnaround firms. The secondary purpose is to study whether the market signals nonturnaround firms more positively than turnaround firms.
    keywords: announcement; event; firm; journal; market; shareholders; strategies; strategy; turnaround; value
       cache: jbs-234.pdf
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        item: #134 of 366
          id: jbs-235
      author: Combs, James; Ketchen Jr. , David
       title: Toward A Synthesis of The Resource-Based View and Organizational Economics in The Context of Grand Strategies
        date: 1997-10-15
       words: 8279
      flesch: 52
     summary: Proposition 7: Firms that engage in the internal development or acquisition ofstrategically valuable resources and long-term contracting for complementary resources when resource stocks 96 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 14, No.2 are sufficient and the cost of external governance is low will perform better than firms that use other grand strategies under these conditions. A historical comparison of resource based theory and five schools of thought within industrial organization economics: Do we have a new theory of the firm?
    keywords: barney; cost; economics; firm; governance; journal; management; performance; rbv; resources; stocks; strategies; strategy; theory
       cache: jbs-235.pdf
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        item: #135 of 366
          id: jbs-236
      author: Duchon, Dennis; Ashmos, Donde; Nathan, Maria
       title: Mavericks, Visionaries, Protectors, and Sages: Toward A Typology of Cognitive Structure for Decision Making in Organizations
        date: 1997-10-15
       words: 7572
      flesch: 51
     summary: In this paper we suggest that the cognitive structures of decision makers differ on two dimensions: preference for context and preference for process. Decision makers use mental frameworks to organize information in ways that enable them to understand decision issues and to make choices (Hall, 1984; Hogarth, 1980; Schoemaker, 1993).
    keywords: conclusive; context; decision; information; journal; makers; making; non; preference; process; risk; structure
       cache: jbs-236.pdf
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        item: #136 of 366
          id: jbs-237
      author: Katz, Jeffrey; Zarzeski, Marilyn; Hall, H. John
       title: The Importance of Strategy to Global Competitors: The Strategy-Performance Relationship Across Cultures
        date: 1997-10-15
       words: 5586
      flesch: 53
     summary: THE IMPORTANCE OF STRATEGY TO GLOBAL COMPETITORS: THE STRATEGY-PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP ACROSS CULTURES Jeffrey P. Katz Department of Management Kansas State University Manhattan, KS Marilyn T. Zaneski School of Accounting University of Central Florida Orlando, FL H.JohnHall Department of Management University of Florida Gainesville, FL Abstract This study examines the role national culture plays in the relationship between the competitive environment, firm strategies, andfirm peiformance by exteruling prior empirical work to the international marketplace. Studies of the environment's effect on firm strategy and performance draw from organization theory and industrial organization economics (see for example; Duncan, 1972; Jauch, Osborn & Glueck, 1980; Porter, 1980).
    keywords: business; culture; environment; firm; intensity; journal; performance; research; strategies; strategy; study; task
       cache: jbs-237.pdf
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        item: #137 of 366
          id: jbs-238
      author: Stanwick, Peter; Stanwick, Sarah
       title: An Empirical Examination of The Relationship Between the Background Characteristics of The CEO and Overall Corporate Reputation
        date: 1997-10-15
       words: 5363
      flesch: 52
     summary: AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CEO AND OVERALL CORPORATE REPUTATION Peter A. Stanwick Sarah D. Stanwick Auburn University Auburn,AL Abstract This paper examines the relationship between the overall corporate reputation ofan organization and the background characteristics ofthe ChiefExecutive Officers (CEOs) across twenty one major industry classifications. The results of this paper show that, in general, the CEO's background characteristics impact the level of overall corporate reputation of the firm.
    keywords: age; background; ceo; ceos; firms; relationship; reputation; tenure
       cache: jbs-238.pdf
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        item: #138 of 366
          id: jbs-239
      author: Alltizer, Richard; Sanders, D. Elaine
       title: Tax Considerations in Investment Strategies: Evidence of Functional Fixation on Asset Depreciation
        date: 1997-03-15
       words: 6444
      flesch: 54
     summary: In addition, a declining incidence of tax fixation was observed to correspond with years of business experience. A problem with using an income statement format in an experimental instru- ment is the fact that depreciation, income tax, and net income all vary directly in relation to one another.
    keywords: business; decision; delivery; fixation; frame; income; new; subjects; tax; truck; years
       cache: jbs-239.pdf
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        item: #139 of 366
          id: jbs-24
      author: Fiore, Robert; Lee, Lee
       title: Measuring Levels of Fundamental Attribution Error Ascribed To Leadership of Entrepreneurial Organizations Across National Cultures
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 7902
      flesch: 41
     summary: This tendency holds even though circumstantial factors most likely have a significantly greater cumulative impact on the outcome than do dispositional factors. The Chinese have gone through the Cultural Revolution, generally reducing traditional Buddhist beliefs possibly explaining why Chinese respondents rated circumstantial factors significantly lower (average score of 4.17) than dispositional factors (average score of 5.66).
    keywords: attribution; behavior; business; circumstantial; cultures; entrepreneur; factors; fae; items; journal; number; outcomes; research; success; tendency
       cache: jbs-24.pdf
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        item: #140 of 366
          id: jbs-240
      author: Randolph, William
       title: Tax Code Revision and The Value of Tax-Deductible Debt
        date: 1997-03-15
       words: 5369
      flesch: 73
     summary: Other aspects of some of the pro- posed tax changes - such as making dividend payments and capital gains non- taxable for investors - would reduce the cost of capital and help offset increases from the loss of the interest expense deduction. (4) Analysis Assumptions and Methodology To analyze the effects of tax policy change, we assume that any changes made in the tax code will be revenue neutral.
    keywords: capital; change; debt; firm; interest; scenario; tax; value
       cache: jbs-240.pdf
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        item: #141 of 366
          id: jbs-241
      author: Wise, Tim; Barnett, Tim; Brown, Gene
       title: Consequence Seriousness, Gender, and Intentions to Blow the Whistle on An Unethical Act
        date: 1997-03-15
       words: 5817
      flesch: 53
     summary: For example, several models of ethical decision making explicitly acknowl- edge that individuals must first recognize an ethical dilemma as such before they will engage in ethical decision making processes (Jones, 1991; Rest, 1986). We examined a situational factor, consequence seriousness, and an indi- vidual-level factor, gender.
    keywords: business; consequence; ethics; intentions; journal; miceli; research; seriousness; whistleblowing; women
       cache: jbs-241.pdf
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        item: #142 of 366
          id: jbs-242
      author: Rawwas, Mohammed; Strutton, David
       title: The Lights Used to Be Brighter There: Market-Driven Strategies for Rehabilitating the Retail Trading Areas of Mid-Sized Cities
        date: 1997-03-15
       words: 8500
      flesch: 48
     summary: To stay abreast of their customers' changing preferences, retailers shifted their business focus from downtown areas to suburban locations. Actionable recommendations regard- ing how downtown retail trading areas of midsized u.s. cities may be renewed are then developed and discussed.
    keywords: analysis; areas; business; characteristics; cities; consumers; downtown; factors; journal; market; nonshoppers; retail; retailing; shoppers; shopping; stores; strategies; trading
       cache: jbs-242.pdf
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        item: #143 of 366
          id: jbs-243
      author: Bass, Kenneth; Hebert, Frederic
       title: Psychological Type and Sales Orientation-Customer Orientation
        date: 1997-03-15
       words: 4594
      flesch: 46
     summary: Psychological Types Jung's (1971) theory of psychological type provides a framework for defin- ing and evaluating individual differences in organizational behavior. A comprehensive literature re- view concerning psychological types and personal characteristics and behaviors of managers is beyond the scope of this paper, although such a review is pre- sented by Gardner and Martinko (1996).
    keywords: business; customer; customer orientation; individuals; journal; orientation; research; sales; type
       cache: jbs-243.pdf
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        item: #144 of 366
          id: jbs-244
      author: Keck, Sarah
       title: Dimensions of Culture in Cross-Border Business Linkages
        date: 1996-10-15
       words: 7930
      flesch: 55
     summary: DIMENSIONS OF CULTURE IN CROSS-BORDER BUSINESS LINKAGES Sara L. Keck Pace University New York, NY Abstract Several macroeconomic measures of linkages across numerous national borders are used to explore the impact of cultural distance on international business linkages. For example, Kogut and Singh (1988) investigated cultural distance as a factor in choice of entry mode and found that cultural distance does play a role in entry mode to the US market but did not specify which dimensions of culture were most important in entry choices.
    keywords: business; culture; dimensions; distance; economic; firms; hofstede; investment; linkages; uncertainty; value
       cache: jbs-244.pdf
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        item: #145 of 366
          id: jbs-245
      author: Medina, Jose; Saegert, Joel; Merrifield, John
       title: A Simple Export Country-Market Screening Technique for Small Us Businesses: A Packaged Good Illustration
        date: 1996-10-15
       words: 10103
      flesch: 55
     summary: The export marketing literature is sparse at best in evaluating processes and techniques on how to select country markets. Export market screening processes were originally conceived to help com- panies understand information requirements as they studied the possibility of exporting to a potential pool of country-markets (Cavusgil, 1985; Kale & Sudharshan, 1987; Root, 1982; Walvoord, 1980).
    keywords: analysis; business; countries; country; data; export; journal; market; marketing; potential; product; ranking; screening; share; shift; ssa; stage; technique; trade
       cache: jbs-245.pdf
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        item: #146 of 366
          id: jbs-246
      author: Daily, Catherine; Dalton, Dan
       title: The Urge to Merge: The Role of Governance Structures in Mergers and Acquisitions
        date: 1996-10-15
       words: 5885
      flesch: 56
     summary: Results of a logistic regression analysis of a matched set of target firms and firms not targeted for merger or acquisition reveal that target firms have higher proportions of independent outside directors and more total numbers of directors. Moreover, we find that target firms have greater exposure to in- stitutional investors.
    keywords: acquisition; bidder; board; business; directors; firms; journal; management; merger; target
       cache: jbs-246.pdf
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        item: #147 of 366
          id: jbs-247
      author: Garsombke, Diane; Garsombke, Thomas
       title: An Empirical Investigation of The Utilization of External and Internal Board of Directors and Management Advisory Assistance on The Performance of Small Business
        date: 1996-10-15
       words: 7140
      flesch: 49
     summary: Fox's (1984) research, for example, focuses in on the types and structures of small business boards of directors. This represents an increase in usage of boards by smaller finns since Vance's (1983) study, which reported small business use at approximately 80%.
    keywords: advisory; assistance; board; business; directors; entrepreneurs; firms; garsombke; journal; management; performance; research; sales; use
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        item: #148 of 366
          id: jbs-248
      author: Dixon, Rolf; Boal, Kimberly
       title: Organizational Performance: Strategic Persistence Versus Strategic Change
        date: 1996-10-15
       words: 5188
      flesch: 52
     summary: Further, we test for significant differences in the variances in perfonnance levels (performance homogeneity) found within both categories of strategic group member firms. Then for the two time periods of study, sub-group categories of constant strategic group firm mem- bers and shifting strategic group firm members were established for each of the years 1968-1972 and 1978-1982.
    keywords: banking; firms; groups; industry; performance; period; shifting; study; time
       cache: jbs-248.pdf
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        item: #149 of 366
          id: jbs-249
      author: Kargar, Javad; Parnell, John
       title: Strategic Planning Emphasis and Planning Satisfaction in Small Firms: An Empirical Investigation
        date: 1996-03-15
       words: 7320
      flesch: 51
     summary: In another attempt to categorize strategic planning, Veliyath and Shortell (1993) identified five dimensions for strategic planning systems: plan- ning implementation, market research competence, key personnel involvement, staff planning assistance, and innovativeness of strategies. However, solid empirically-based conclusions concerning the usefulness of strategic planning have not yet emerged.
    keywords: analysis; business; change; characteristics; dimensions; emphasis; firms; journal; management; new; organization; performance; planning; process; satisfaction; strategy
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        item: #150 of 366
          id: jbs-25
      author: Lilly, Juliana
       title: Psychological Contract Violation and The Escalating Cycle of Mistrust
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 5531
      flesch: 39
     summary: The literature on psychological contracts in the workplace often includes elements of trust, organizational justice, and leadership in empirical studies of psychological contract violations and this research may help explain the psychological impulse to prolong a workplace disagreement. One study found that psychological contract violations experienced by layoff victims from a previous employer were negatively related to trust in their new employer (Pugh, Skarlicki Passell, 2003), suggesting the emotional impact of the violation may be long-term and transferable to a neutral party.
    keywords: behavior; contract; mistrust; model; perpetrator; relationship; trust; victim; violation
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        item: #151 of 366
          id: jbs-250
      author: Thomas, Anisya; Peyrefitte, Joseph
       title: The Impact of Managerial Discretion on Firm Performance
        date: 1996-03-15
       words: 7294
      flesch: 47
     summary: Theoretically, because of the greater latitude available to the computer executive, the decision will have a much more immediate and significant impact on organizational performance. Thus, choices made by managers on behalf of the organiza- tion reflect the characteristics of these managers, underlining the important role that managers play in determining organizational performance.
    keywords: business; discretion; factors; firms; impact; industries; industry; international; journal; leadership; managers; mncs; performance; u.s
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        item: #152 of 366
          id: jbs-251
      author: Wimbush, James; Dollinger, Marc; Dalton, Dan; Enz, Cathy; Daily, Catherine
       title: The Relationship Between Minority Business Enterprises and Corporate Purchasing Personnel: Perceptions from Both Sides of The Table
        date: 1996-03-15
       words: 9489
      flesch: 58
     summary: This paper addresses the nature of the difficulties MBEs face when con- ducting business with large companies through MBE purchasing programs. This paper focuses on one aspect of the effort towards improving oppor- tunities for MBEs in corporate America: the nature of the difficulties small mi- nority businesses have when conducting business with large companies through MBE purchasing programs.
    keywords: activities; agree; business; companies; company; corporate; costs; cpps; disagree; information; mbes; minority; programs; purchasing; transaction; uncertainty
       cache: jbs-251.pdf
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        item: #153 of 366
          id: jbs-252
      author: Day, Nancy
       title: Compensation Managers' Beliefs About Strategies That Affect Compensation Program Goals
        date: 1996-03-15
       words: 8662
      flesch: 51
     summary: Previous researchers (Balkin & Gomez-Mejia, 1990; Gomez-Mejia, 1992) found that compensation program effectiveness and organizational effectiveness were higher when particular pay strategies were appropriately matched with or- ganizational strategies. Because there is little previous work that would guide and direct specific pre- dictions, this proposition does not delineate precise relationships between com- pensation strategies and measures of compensation program goal effectiveness.
    keywords: compensation; effectiveness; employees; goals; gomez; mejia; organization; pay; performance; program; strategies; strategy; system; variables
       cache: jbs-252.pdf
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        item: #154 of 366
          id: jbs-253
      author: Obert, Terry; Spencer, Barbara
       title: An Exploratory Study of The Link Between Strategic Types and Quality Implementation
        date: 1996-03-15
       words: 6720
      flesch: 55
     summary: In other words, there is no one best way to implement quality management in organizations. Many organizations have found that quality management can enhance their ability to compete in the marketplace (Anderson, Rungtusanatham, and Schroeder 1994).
    keywords: company; management; new; practices; product; quality; quality management; service; strategies; strategy; training; type
       cache: jbs-253.pdf
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        item: #155 of 366
          id: jbs-254
      author: Sheppard, Jerry
       title: Beautifully Broken Benches: A Typology of Strategic Bankruptcies and The Opportunities for Positive Shareholder Returns
        date: 1995-10-15
       words: 11561
      flesch: 63
     summary: It would also help to have some parameters within this conceptualization that help identify various types of strategic bankruptcies. A clearer definition and conceptualization of strategic bankruptcy will be introduced in the sections to follow.
    keywords: average; bankruptcies; bankruptcy; business; chapter; companies; company; creditors; e.g.; equity; filing; firms; group; investors; journal; market; results; returns; shareholders; sheppard; size; strategic; strategy; table
       cache: jbs-254.pdf
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        item: #156 of 366
          id: jbs-255
      author: Lucero, Margaret; White, Marion
       title: Integrating Employee Benefits and Competitive Strategy
        date: 1995-10-15
       words: 6668
      flesch: 42
     summary: Conclusions Factors such as escalating employee benefit costs and increasing global com- petitive pressures indicate the need to manage employee benefit practices more efficiently. INTEGRATING EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AND COMPETITIVE STRATEGY Margaret A. Lucero* University of Wyoming Laramie, WY Marion M. White James Madison University Harrisonburg, VA Abstract As the costs of employee benefits have escalated, labor cost control to en- hance product market competitiveness has become a more critical organizational concern.
    keywords: benefits; compensation; control; costs; employee; human; labor; organization; practices; resource; strategy; time; workers
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        item: #157 of 366
          id: jbs-256
      author: Polonsky, Michael
       title: Incorporating the Natural Environment in Corporate Strategy: A Stakeholder Approach
        date: 1995-10-15
       words: 7413
      flesch: 44
     summary: Step One: Stakeholder Identification The first step in the stakeholder management process is to identify which organisations or individuals are environmental stakeholders. The expectations of stake- holders may be difficult to assess, for as was discussed in Step Two, the firm may not be able to freely communicate with stakeholders, stakeholder groups may not have clearly established objectives, or groups may be very heterogeneous.
    keywords: behaviour; bridging; example; expectations; firm; groups; management; process; stakeholders; strategies; strategy; vol
       cache: jbs-256.pdf
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        item: #158 of 366
          id: jbs-257
      author: Baur, Michael; Smith, Karen; Benkato, Omar
       title: Financial Slack: A Strategic Control Decision
        date: 1995-10-15
       words: 5200
      flesch: 51
     summary: What is initially a market-based contracting prob- lem becomes a bilateral monopoly problem after relationship~specific investments are sunk. Because equity gives significant rights of discretion to ma~agers, equity hold- ers are the least-well protected suppliers of capital and receive a higher rate of return than debt investors.
    keywords: assets; control; debt; decisions; equity; firm; investments; managers; relationship
       cache: jbs-257.pdf
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        item: #159 of 366
          id: jbs-258
      author: Harvey, Michael; Kovatchy, Kiril
       title: An Entrepreneur’s Guide to Deciphering the Former U.S.S.R. and Eastern European Markets
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 8447
      flesch: 47
     summary: Segmentation/Clustering Eastern European Markets Traditional Political Segmentation Most of the entrepreneur's knowledge of Eastern Europe and the former U.S.S.R. is based on the history/politics and, to some degree, the cultures of this geopolitical area. An Entrepreneur's Guide to Deciphering the Former U.S.S.R. and Eastern European Markets
    keywords: analysis; business; companies; countries; country; data; eastern; entrepreneur; entry; european; industry; information; joint; management; market; mode; organization; products; states; trade; u.s.s.r
       cache: jbs-258.pdf
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        item: #160 of 366
          id: jbs-259
      author: Reinstein, Alan; Spalding Jr., Albert
       title: The Audit Committee’s Role Regarding the Provisions of The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 4984
      flesch: 40
     summary: As such, audit committees should ascertain the effec- tiveness of the entity's internal control structure and compliance with the provi- sions of the FCPA. 19 Companies victimized by such violations can also bring traditional state causes of action for damages incurred as a result of FCPA violations, such as claims of tortious in- terference with contractual relations. 20 26 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 12, No.1 The Audit Committee's Role In Achieving Compliance With The FCPA Background of Audit Committees Many entities use audit committees to protect themselves from fraud, mismanagement and financial liability.
    keywords: audit; auditors; code; committee; companies; compliance; control; fcpa; management; provisions; u.s
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        item: #161 of 366
          id: jbs-260
      author: Bowersox, Donald; Mentzer, John; Speh, Thomas
       title: Logistics Leverage
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 5429
      flesch: 42
     summary: Market research needs to expand from the traditional study of needs, attitudes, and behavior related to product, price, and promotional offerings to include the study of customer logistics needs that cus- tomers may not even be aware exist. The absolute magnitude of logistics cost has directed many firms to control the expense side of logistics; that is, to manage the process to achieve a level of efficiency.
    keywords: advantage; business; cost; customer; integration; journal; leverage; logistics; management; marketing; research; satisfaction; service; time
       cache: jbs-260.pdf
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        item: #162 of 366
          id: jbs-261
      author: Daily, Catherine
       title: An Empirical Examination of The Relationship Between CEOs and Directors
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 6897
      flesch: 55
     summary: To date, how- ever, no one has addressed the associations between young CEOs and the boards of directors of the firms they serve. Executive characteristics may be especially important in examinations of young CEOs.
    keywords: board; ceo; ceos; composition; control; directors; firm; journal; management; outside; relationship; roles; service
       cache: jbs-261.pdf
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        item: #163 of 366
          id: jbs-262
      author: McWilliams, Abagail; Gray, Samuel
       title: Understanding Quasi-Integration
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 7430
      flesch: 44
     summary: Both models assume (either explicitly or implicitly) homogeneity of firms in a given industry. In the 'real' world, however, we observe very different organizational forms for firms in the same industry.
    keywords: costs; firm; integration; journal; management; market; quasi; resources; theory; transaction; uncertainty
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        item: #164 of 366
          id: jbs-263
      author: Elmuti, Dean; AlDiab, Taisier
       title: Improving Quality and Organizational Effectiveness Go Hand in Hand Through Deming’s Management System
        date: 1995-03-15
       words: 4936
      flesch: 43
     summary: This should inspire U.S. corporations to concentrate on a national move- ment to promote total quality management to improve this country's global com- petitive position. Does Deming's management system achieve its stated objectives of improving quality of products and services?
    keywords: deming; effectiveness; improvement; management; managers; organizations; productivity; quality; satisfaction; study; system
       cache: jbs-263.pdf
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        item: #165 of 366
          id: jbs-265
      author: Rader, Charles; Rahman, Matiur; Premeaux, Shane
       title: Influences of Demographic and Psychographics on Consumer Payment Preferences
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 3655
      flesch: 56
     summary: Currently, the preferred means of payment in the U.S. are cash, personal checks, charge accounts, and credit cards (Hirschman 1982). For example, credit cards are usually used to buy furniture, gasoline, household goods, electronics, and clothings, (Mandell 1972; Russell 1975; White 1975), while cash is usually used to buy food items.
    keywords: cards; cash; charge; consumer; credit; marketing; means; payment; use
       cache: jbs-265.pdf
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        item: #166 of 366
          id: jbs-266
      author: Kroll, Mark; Davis, Barbara; Desai, Ashay; Wright, Peter
       title: A Process for Defining What the Supervisor Really Wants
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 6019
      flesch: 43
     summary: Above Average Interpersonal Skills (frequently displays above expected interpersonal skills level) Unacceptable Technical Skills (doesn't meet minimum requirements) Below Average Personal Skills (needs improvement in dependability, creativity and adaptability) Unacceptable Supervisory Skills (cannot supervise the work of others) 106 Journal ofBusiness Strategies Vol. 11, No.2 By favoring one profile over another, or expressing indifference to the two profiles, the supervisor provides indications of which performance criteria are favored, and how much those criteria influence his/her preferences. It is perhaps obvious that the same approach in defining product feature weights could also be used to define weights for subordinate performance criteria.
    keywords: analysis; appraisal; average; criteria; managers; performance; skills; subordinate; supervisor; weights
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        item: #167 of 366
          id: jbs-267
      author: Simerly, Roy; Thomas, Anisya
       title: Strategic Orientation and Corporate Social Performance: An Empirical Examination
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 4471
      flesch: 45
     summary: Since the Fortune survey has been conducted annually for a period of fourteen years, it can be assumed that the raters account for shifts in corporate social performance over time, and evaluate firms in a dynamic rather than a static fashion. By drawing on the theory and methodology of strategic management, this study explored the relatively new arena of the intemal, organizational determinants of corporate social performance.
    keywords: csp; defenders; firms; journal; management; performance; prospectors; snow; social; strategy
       cache: jbs-267.pdf
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        item: #168 of 366
          id: jbs-268
      author: Gopalan, Suresh; Dittrich, John; Nelson, Reed
       title: Analysis of Organizational Culture: A Critical Step in Mergers and Acquisitions
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 7551
      flesch: 38
     summary: Strong cultures can also contribute significantly to organizational success or failure (Kotter and Heskett 1992). They propose that a long history and stable membership, an absence of institutional alternatives, and interaction among members facilitate the emergence of strong cultures (Wilkins and Ouchi 1983).
    keywords: acquiring; acquisition; analysis; change; company; culture; employees; industry; journal; management; merger; new; organization; strategies; target; values
       cache: jbs-268.pdf
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        item: #169 of 366
          id: jbs-269
      author: Brumagim, Alan; Klavans, Richard
       title: Conglomerate Restructuring in the 1980'S: A Study of Performance/ Strategy Linkages
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 6083
      flesch: 48
     summary: Are 142 J oumal ofBusiness Strategies Vol. 11, No.2 certain conglomerate strategies associated with high levels of corporate performance? Are other strategies associated with lower levels of corporate performance?
    keywords: business; conglomerate; diversification; focusers; journal; management; performance; research; restructuring; return; segments; strategies; strategy; study
       cache: jbs-269.pdf
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        item: #170 of 366
          id: jbs-27
      author: Griffith, Andrew
       title: The U.S. Long Haul Trucking Industry Through The Lens of Frei's Service Model
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 4243
      flesch: 56
     summary: The modern period of deregulation permitted the industry’s customers to exploit its many weaknesses (Guo, Lim, Rodrigues, & Zhu, 2006) while simultaneously eliminating trucking firms that were inefficient or irresponsible with their resources (Pettus & Munoz, 2007). Trucking firms that tend to do well within their markets usually focus on the services that they execute best (Jin, et al., 2017).
    keywords: business; customer; equipment; firms; frei; industry; journal; service; trucking
       cache: jbs-27.pdf
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        item: #171 of 366
          id: jbs-270
      author: Morris, Rebecca
       title: Mission Statement Content and Firm Diversification: A Contingency Approach
        date: 1994-10-15
       words: 12941
      flesch: 56
     summary: These nine elements appear to summarize many of the key concerns presented in alternative models of mission statement elements. Review of Literature Mission Statement Components Although as Steiner (1979) observed, the components and attributes of mission statements are among the least empirically understood issues in strategic management, previous theoretical and conceptual models of mission statements have been used to develop lists of desired components.
    keywords: analysis; business; content; david; diversification; diversification firms; element; firms; image; level; mission; mission element; mission statements; performance; product firms; profit; public; technology
       cache: jbs-270.pdf
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        item: #172 of 366
          id: jbs-271
      author: De Castro, Julio; Chrisman, James; Schweiger, David; Sandberg, William
       title: Competitive Strategies and Financial Performance: The Impact of Scope and Competitive Weapons
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 6842
      flesch: 57
     summary: Utility frrms are expected to resemble cost firms on this dimension as providing differentiation at a low cost is the essence of this strategy (Chrisman et al. 1988). Despite the advantages of specialization, the greater market power, cost advantages, and potential for market segmentation of broad scope firms suggest that, on average, they should outperform narrow-scope firms.
    keywords: business; cost; differentiation; firms; middle; performance; porter; product; scope; strategies; strategy; utility; weapons
       cache: jbs-271.pdf
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        item: #173 of 366
          id: jbs-272
      author: Schminke, Marshall
       title: Strategic Response Hierarchies as Reaction to Environmental Threat
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 7335
      flesch: 59
     summary: It suggests that organi- zations invoke preexisting sets of response programs to deal with familiar threats, and that these programs emerge in a predictable, hierarchical order. Mapping Response Hierarchies To determine whether response programs exist and the extent to which firms employ them, two factors are necessary.
    keywords: employment; firms; hours; industry; overtime; point; programs; recession; response; results; shock; workers
       cache: jbs-272.pdf
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        item: #174 of 366
          id: jbs-273
      author: Barnett, Tim; Cochran, Daniel
       title: Internal Voice Mechanisms and Communication from Employees About Ethical Issues
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 5388
      flesch: 43
     summary: Future studies should concentrate on identifying and testing other possible influences on internal employee disclosures. This variable measured the perceived responsiveness of management to employee voice.
    keywords: behavior; communication; disclosures; employees; mechanisms; miceli; near; voice; voice mechanisms
       cache: jbs-273.pdf
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        item: #175 of 366
          id: jbs-274
      author: Parnell, John
       title: Functional Background and Business Strategy: The Impact of Executive-Strategy Fit on Performance
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 5405
      flesch: 55
     summary: Top executives in the industry were asked to provide information concerning their years of experience in the industry, with the present organization, and as top executive. Strategy and Perfonnance Researchers have classified business strategies into typologies to more effectively study relationships between strategy and performance (Herbert and Deresky 1987;
    keywords: backgrounds; business; executives; journal; management; marketing; performance; research; roa=; strategies; strategy
       cache: jbs-274.pdf
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        item: #176 of 366
          id: jbs-275
      author: Cotter, Michael; Miles, Morgan; Henley, James
       title: Strategy as A Culturally Dependent Phenomenon: The Interpretation of Japanese Corporate Strategy Through the Analysis of Aikido
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 5784
      flesch: 50
     summary: Japanese firms often have OEMs with a number of different firms at once. Managerial Implications The managerial implications of this cultural interpretation of Japanese corporate strat- egy are threefold: (1) Japanese and Western firms while engaging in the same game are playing by implementing different principles, (2) Japanese firms have a very different orientation toward competition, (3) to be successful in engaging in competition with the Japanese, Western corporations must attempt to understand the both the strategy and the cultural underpinnings that underlie much of Japanese corporate behavior.
    keywords: aikido; attacker; business; defender; firms; japanese; market; marketing; ratti; strategy; u.s; westbrook; western
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        item: #177 of 366
          id: jbs-276
      author: Strong, Kelly; Taylor, Steven
       title: A Note on The Measurement of Service Quality-A (Friendly) Critique of Stank
        date: 1994-03-15
       words: 2897
      flesch: 45
     summary: Specifically, Cronin and Taylor (1992) argue that the expectancy disconfirmation model was inappropriately generalized by PZB from the consumer satisfaction literature (c.f. Oliver 1980) to explain service quality perceptions and suggest the simplified relation- ship described in equation 2 as a more appropriate model of service quality. We emphatically agree with his argument that improving service quality is an effective way to gain competitive advantage through differentiation.
    keywords: journal; quality; satisfaction; scale; service; taylor
       cache: jbs-276.pdf
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        item: #178 of 366
          id: jbs-277
      author: Bass, Kenneth; Hebert, Frederic
       title: Psychological Types, Decision Styles, and Ethical Decision-Making
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 5898
      flesch: 50
     summary: Teams comprised of various psychological types may experience conflict in making ethical decisions. Based on this results of this study, differences in ethical judgments of various psychological types provide new insights to managers about how ethical decisions are made.
    keywords: behavioral; business; decision; differences; individuals; intentions; judgments; making; psychological; styles; types
       cache: jbs-277.pdf
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        item: #179 of 366
          id: jbs-278
      author: Herbig, Paul; Milewicz, John; Golden, James
       title: The Mysteries of Forecasting
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 6653
      flesch: 56
     summary: Manufacturers tend to rate higher importance to forecasting process than do service oriented firms (X2=4.077, p<.043). Forecasting Firms, Please Come Down to Earth.
    keywords: accuracy; consumer; firms; forecasting; forecasting process; journal; process; product; results; sales; service; techniques; use
       cache: jbs-278.pdf
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        item: #180 of 366
          id: jbs-279
      author: Steadman, Mark; Zimmerer, Thomas; Green, Ronald
       title: Accounting for Environmental Contingencies: The Impact on Small Business Strategies
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 4997
      flesch: 46
     summary: First, the recent and anticipated future rul- ings formulated by various accounting and auditing bodies to improve the accounting treatment of environmental costs and to strengthen the audit procedures in this area will be presented. Most authorities on environmental accounting agree that this State- ment, issued in 1975, was never intended to be used in this manner.
    keywords: accounting; contingencies; costs; environmental; firm; liability; risk; standards; statement
       cache: jbs-279.pdf
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        item: #181 of 366
          id: jbs-280
      author: Gullett, C. Ray
       title: Reconciling Employee Involvement Programs with National Labor Law: Some Tentative Guidelines
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 6165
      flesch: 56
     summary: Accordingly, he estab- lished four tests for the legality of employee involvement plans: 1. In the 1930's, labor organizations played an active part in seek- ing legislation and court rulings which would eliminate employee representation plans.
    keywords: board; company; employee; involvement; labor; law; nlrb; organization; plan; representation; teams; union; work
       cache: jbs-280.pdf
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        item: #182 of 366
          id: jbs-281
      author: Scarborough, Jack
       title: Niche Markets and Small Business Strategies: Shifting the Focus of International Business Education
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 5976
      flesch: 48
     summary: Therefore, as an LDC more resembles a DC, the more effective product and market strategies employed in DCs, i.e., differentiation, should become more effective in LDCs. The authors concluded that any cost advantages associated with standardization are probably offset by the effects of price competition in global markets.
    keywords: business; cost; firms; globalization; markets; middle; mncs; new; niche; products; strategies; strategy; trade
       cache: jbs-281.pdf
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        item: #183 of 366
          id: jbs-282
      author: Sweeney, Vernon; Sweeney, Linda
       title: Transfer Pricing: A Multinational Strategy
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 3110
      flesch: 57
     summary: A country that exercises control over repatriation of profits will expect to encounter firms that use transfer prices between parent and local subsidiary which will reduce profit levels for the subsidiary to a minimum. Transfer prices of the type described above not only evade legitimate taxes, but misallocate resources.
    keywords: cost; income; irs; price; pricing; profit; tax; transfer
       cache: jbs-282.pdf
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        item: #184 of 366
          id: jbs-283
      author: Mann, Greg
       title: A "New" Quality Tool for Leveraging Human Resources on Large and Complex Problems
        date: 1993-10-15
       words: 5167
      flesch: 44
     summary: Thus a new system, with these improvements implemented, provides the greatest opportunity of satisfying the greatest number of system customers. ProAID is a disciplined approach for investigating complex systems level processes and placing priority on the Voice of the Customer.
    keywords: customer; management; performance; process; project; quality; requirements; system; team
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        item: #185 of 366
          id: jbs-284
      author: Macy, Granger; Barringer, Bruce; Wortman, Max
       title: Relationships Between Export Success, Export Strategies, and Export Planning
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 6623
      flesch: 55
     summary: The final dimension of export product strategy considered here is promotion. It is generally believed that most firms invest much less in promotion for export markets than for domestic markets.
    keywords: export; export planning; firms; market; planning; product; quality; strategies; strategy; success; vol
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        item: #186 of 366
          id: jbs-285
      author: Cook, Roy; Cochran, Daniel; Taylor, Gareth
       title: Turnover in The Top Management Cohort and Financial Performance
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 4271
      flesch: 48
     summary: However, with few exceptions, the relationship between top management turnover and organizational performance has received scant attention. Researchers, noting that strategic decision makers ultimately determine organiza- tional success or failure, have begun the task of focusing attention on the significance of top management turnover and chief executive officer succession ([2], [22], [20], [35]).
    keywords: assets; banks; cohort; journal; loans; management; performance; research; return; turnover; vol
       cache: jbs-285.pdf
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        item: #187 of 366
          id: jbs-286
      author: Premeaux, Shane; Premeaux, Sonya; Daboval, Jeanne; Rahman, A.K.M. Matiur
       title: Linking Undergraduate Business Degree Specialization to Ethical Behavior: An Empirical Investigation
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 4917
      flesch: 52
     summary: For the first and fourth rationales, the responses of accountants did not differ significantly from those with other business specializations. Since accountants exhibited a greater tendency toward more ethical reasoning than those with other business specializations, it may be possible to gain some insight into the contribution of their educational ex- periences to their ethical reasoning.
    keywords: accountants; accounting; business; degree; managers; rationale; respondents; responses; undergraduate
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        item: #188 of 366
          id: jbs-287
      author: Aaby, Nils-Erik; Zwirlein, Thomas; Borstadt, Lisa
       title: The Wealth Effects of Proactive and Reactive Corporate Name Change Strategies
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 3989
      flesch: 59
     summary: The purpose of this paper is to examine the merit of such services by assessing the short-term financial consequences of corporate name changes. Perceptions regarding corporate name changes should be reflected in stock price movements 42 Journal ofBusiness Strategies Vol. 10, No.1 if the announcement of the name change provides new information about the firm.
    keywords: announcement; change; day; firms; new; period; sample
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        item: #189 of 366
          id: jbs-288
      author: Stank, Theodore
       title: Measuring Logistics Service Quality
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 4428
      flesch: 50
     summary: The instrument presented here pro- poses a meaningful measurement of customers' perceptions of logistics service quality by incorporating commonly used logistics service measures into an established scale of service quality. The particular dimensions used to define and measure customer service are de- pendent upon the industry in which the firm competes and the functional area of the respondent.
    keywords: customer; determinants; firms; instrument; logistics; quality; service; service quality
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        item: #190 of 366
          id: jbs-289
      author: Subramanian, Ram; Kumar, Kamalesh; Yauger, Charles
       title: Mission Statements of Hospitals: An Empirical Analysis of Their Contents and Their Relationship to Organizational Factors
        date: 1993-03-15
       words: 5666
      flesch: 52
     summary: The presence of the eight components has been validated by the empirical work of David [8] and used in research on hospital mission statements by Gibson, Newton, and Cochran [13] in their work on hospital mission statements, but considerably higher than the percentage of Fortune 500 companies that have formal, written mission state- ments ([22], [8], [6]).
    keywords: care; components; health; hospitals; mission; mission statements; profit; statements; study; vol
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        item: #191 of 366
          id: jbs-29
      author: Gilley, K.; Weeks, Kelly; Coombs, Joseph; Bell, Myrtle; Kluemper, Donald
       title: Board Gender Diversity, Social Performance, and CEO Compensation
        date: 2019-10-15
       words: 9192
      flesch: 48
     summary: For one, we will examine the effects of board composition on CEO pay, focusing specifically on board gender diversity. In addition, we will examine the effects of board gender diversity on the relationship between firm performance and CEO pay; however, our primary firm performance measure is social performance instead of the more traditional financial performance orientation.
    keywords: board; board gender; business; ceo; ceo compensation; ceos; compensation; directors; diversity; firm; gender; gender diversity; journal; management; model; performance; research; women
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        item: #192 of 366
          id: jbs-290
      author: Subramanian, Ram; Mahmoud, Essam; Thibodeaux, Mary; Ebrahimi, Bahman
       title: Evaluating Merger Performance on A Longitudinal Basis: An Empirical Investigation
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 4907
      flesch: 59
     summary: The fIrst dealt with merger performance in general while the second sought to identify differences in performance among merger types. Mergers do lead to perman- nent gains in stockholder value for both acquiring and acquired rums, but differences not significant across merger types.
    keywords: firms; journal; market; merger; performance; return; stockholders; study; vol
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        item: #193 of 366
          id: jbs-291
      author: Daily, Catherine; Dalton, Dan
       title: Officer and Director Stock Ownership and Firm Performance in The Publicly Traded Small Corporation
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 5290
      flesch: 57
     summary: H3: There will be a positive association between CEO stock holdings and offIcer and director stock holdings. Hypothesis three suggests an association between CEO stock holdings and officer and director stock holdings.
    keywords: board; business; ceo; directors; firm; holdings; management; ownership; performance; stock; vol
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        item: #194 of 366
          id: jbs-292
      author: Williams, Robert; Lamont, Bruce; Hoffman, James
       title: The Impact of Firm Strategy Type on Transition Time For M-Form Adoption
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 3990
      flesch: 56
     summary: TIlE IMPACf OF FiRM STRATEGY TYPE ON TRANSITION TiME FOR M-FoRM ADoPTION Robert J. Williams Bruce T. Lamont James J. Hoffman Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida Introduction Historically, firms have utilized the functional form of structure in which the firm has been organized along such functional lines as marketing, finance, and engineering [24]. [3] has argued that a proper match between strategy and structure is necessary in order for firms to obtain optimal economic efficiency.
    keywords: change; firms; form; implementation; performance; period; strategy; structure; time
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        item: #195 of 366
          id: jbs-293
      author: Rutledge, Dan; Callahan, Thomas
       title: Geo-Demographic Market Segmentation: An Application in Marketing Management
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 4881
      flesch: 55
     summary: Comparing City A to City B (one item was dropped because of a tie score) items rated higher for City A result in a total score of 25 (p < 0.04) Table 1 Demographic Profiles Factor City A City B City C A-B Sign A-C Sign Resident Agel 44.9 39.2 33.8 +
    keywords: behavior; city; geo; market; residents; segmentation; sponsor; store; vol
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        item: #196 of 366
          id: jbs-294
      author: Fields, D. Michael; Nkomo, Stell
       title: Slowing the Revolving Door: Looking for New Keys to Retain Entry-Level Retail Workers
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 6974
      flesch: 55
     summary: This skyrocketing turnover has caused retailers to spend substantially more time and money recruiting and training new employees as well as to question the level of service that these personnel are providing their customers. For retailers to succeed in this sellerts labor marke~ they must find ways other than the increase of wages and benefits in order to retain new employees.
    keywords: characteristics; differences; employees; importance; job; leavers; level; retailers; store; time; workers
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        item: #197 of 366
          id: jbs-295
      author: Hosseini, Ahmad; Reinstein, Alan
       title: SFAs No. 52 Applications in Inflationary and Non-Inflationary Environments
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 5434
      flesch: 47
     summary: All gains or losses associated with translating foreign currency into U.S. d01lars were reported as a gain or loss on the parent company's income statement. b) Foreign currency is the functional currency.
    keywords: accounting; currency; exchange; hedging; mncs; rate; sfas; statement; translation; u.s
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        item: #198 of 366
          id: jbs-296
      author: Chrisman, James; Boulton, William
       title: Keys to Improving Economic Performance at The Business Unit Level: Business Strategy, Functional Skills and Key Success Factors
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 8068
      flesch: 56
     summary: The lack of research and mid-level theories concerning the relationships between competitive business strategies, functional skills, and economic performance make hypothesis testing impractical for this study. These stud- ies concentrated on how such variables affect the scope component of competitive strat- egies, the investment component of business strategies, and the firm's economic per- formance.
    keywords: average; business; competences; cost; factors; industry; performance; skills; strategies; strategy; study; success; unit; vol
       cache: jbs-296.pdf
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        item: #199 of 366
          id: jbs-297
      author: Chang, Semoon
       title: How to Cope with A Plant Closing
        date: 1992-10-15
       words: 2883
      flesch: 57
     summary: Detailed case studies on the long-term impact of plant closing on the community are limited mostly to the closing of military bases, although conclusions are similar in limited studies of nonmilitary plant closing [8]. A success- ful outplacement assistance requires an advance notification of plant closing.
    keywords: act; assistance; closing; company; employees; job; plant; workers
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        item: #200 of 366
          id: jbs-298
      author: Herbig, Paul; Miller, Joseph
       title: Europe 1992: Implications for American Markets
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 5683
      flesch: 54
     summary: This event has been nicknamed Europe 1992 even though it will not actually be operational until 1993. When Europe 1992 is mentioned, the reference will be to this removal of restrictions and its effects.
    keywords: american; countries; europe; european; firms; market; marketing; new; product; result; states; united; vol
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        item: #201 of 366
          id: jbs-299
      author: Groff, James; McCray, John
       title: Foreign-Trade Zones: Opportunity for Strategic Development in The Southwest
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 4000
      flesch: 60
     summary: When the processing is done in an FTZ, duties are only paid on the goods which enter United States commerce. Inverted Duties. Manufacturing operations in FIZ's can use foreign sources for component parts of a product with a high tariff (for example 10% of the value), assemble the product in an FIZ using United States labor, and export the finished product into United States commerce at a significantly lower tariff (for example 3% of the product value) than would be imposed on the individual foreign components.
    keywords: commerce; fiz; foreign; goods; states; trade; united; zone
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        item: #202 of 366
          id: jbs-30
      author: Katz, Jeffrey ; Rahim, M.; Spiller, Shane
       title: A Model Relating CEO Social Intelligence and Strategic Engagement: A Study In Small Business Organizations
        date: 2019-10-15
       words: 6879
      flesch: 48
     summary: Thus, social intelligence is defined as being aware of relevant social situational contexts, effectively addressing challenges, understanding the concerns, feelings and emotional states of others, communicating by knowing what to say, when to say it and how to say it, and building and maintaining positive relationships with others (Rahim, 2014). 28 Journal of Business Strategies A MODEL RELATING CEO SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AND STRATEGIC ENGAGEMENT: A STUDY IN SMALL BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS M. Afzalur Rahim Western Kentucky University • Bowling Green KY Jeffrey P. Katz Western Kentucky University • Bowling Green KY Shane Spiller Western Kentucky University • Bowling Green KY ABSTRACT Answering the call for additional investigation into microfoundations recently raised by organizational theorists and researchers, this study empirically investigates the relationship between social intelligence (SI) and strategic engagement (SE) among U.S. small business chief executive officers (CEOs).
    keywords: awareness; ceo; empathy; engagement; intelligence; journal; management; model; response; skills; study
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        item: #203 of 366
          id: jbs-300
      author: Oswald, Sharon; Harrison, Allison; Woerner, William
       title: Drug Testing: What Are the Rights of Employees, Employers, and Unions?
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 4989
      flesch: 58
     summary: While it is obviously in the best interest of both the employer and the employee to identify substance abuse Problems, strong opposition to drug testing of employees continues to exist. The purpose of this paper is to examine recent interpretations of the law affecting drug testing, particularly where labor unions are involved, and to assess the implications for employers with collective bargaining agreements who wish to institute or continue the use of drug testing.
    keywords: abuse; cause; company; court; drug; drug testing; employee; employers; employment; labor; testing; union
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        item: #204 of 366
          id: jbs-303
      author: Sauers, Daniel
       title: A Strategic Approach to Political Risk Assessment
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 4072
      flesch: 46
     summary: Furthermore, the integration of political risk assessments into the strategic decision-making process of MNCs tends to be informal and unsystematic [8]. In this article, a general framework for integrating political risk assessment into the strategic planning process of the MNC is developed.
    keywords: assessment; business; function; management; process; risk; risk assessment; strategy; vol
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        item: #205 of 366
          id: jbs-304
      author: Hicks, Richard
       title: Yoyo Theory: A Strategy for Escalation Situations
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 5937
      flesch: 55
     summary: (I will consider label and decision frame to be synonymous.) Decision frame will have a greater impact on reinvestment, with positive frame leading to the highest reinvestment levels, after failure feedback than after success feedback (Ee, Pf).
    keywords: commitment; decision; decision frame; escalation; failure; frame; slack; theory; yoyo
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        item: #206 of 366
          id: jbs-305
      author: Parnell, John; Lado, Augustine; Wright, Peter
       title: Why Good Things Never Seem to Last: A Dialectic Perspective for Long-Term Competitive Advantage
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 2915
      flesch: 52
     summary: That is, past or present organizational strategies that generate advantage may become sources of competitive disadvantage and organizational failure in the future. Then, the dialectic logic is applied to explanations of the notions of organizational strategy and sustained competitive advantage.
    keywords: advantage; dialectic; managers; run; strategy; success; vol
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        item: #207 of 366
          id: jbs-306
      author: Zemedkun, Wold
       title: Dividend Policy: An Empirical Test Using the October 1987 Crash
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 3135
      flesch: 69
     summary: dividend stocks yield between o and 3%, zero dividend stocks paid no dividend in 1987. dividend stocks yield between o and 3%, zero dividend stocks paid no dividend in 1987.
    keywords: companies; dividend; growth; policy; stock; yield
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        item: #208 of 366
          id: jbs-307
      author: Ross, Stanley
       title: Managing in the 1990s - Freeing the Entrepreneurial Spirit
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 1721
      flesch: 43
     summary: Problems in Managing Large Organizations Like society, an organization is a collection of people interacting for the benefit of themselves and the collective whole. First, to better manage large numbers of employees in an increasingly diverse operation, firms promote 1A large organization is defined as an organization with 2,000 or more employees.
    keywords: business; growth; organization; units
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        item: #209 of 366
          id: jbs-308
      author: Kersey, Bruce
       title: The Inverted Yield Curve, The Economy, and Peaks in Interest Rates
        date: 1992-03-15
       words: 1691
      flesch: 68
     summary: However, upon investigation it was found that the time intervals between inversion of interest rates and interest rate tops are longer than time intervals between inversions of interest rates and peaks in the economy. in the mid-1960's there were a couple of interest rate inversions that did not precede economic declines.
    keywords: interest; rates; term; time
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        item: #210 of 366
          id: jbs-309
      author: Hoft, Joseph; Hunger, J. David
       title: Characteristics of Boards of Directors and Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility: An Examination of The Fortune Survey
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 4089
      flesch: 54
     summary: Blumberg, P.I. Who Belongs on Corporate Boards? [11] comparing the responses by board members to a social responsibility questionnaire to board member characteristics reveals that a board member's orientation toward corporate social responsibility is related positively to his/her age and educational level and negatively to bislber financial stake in the company.
    keywords: board; ceo; directors; mean; percentage; responsibility; social; study
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        item: #211 of 366
          id: jbs-31
      author: Stretcher, Robert; Duan, Xiaoman
       title: Musky Tweets: Information Transfer In The Age of Unbridled Social Media
        date: 2019-10-15
       words: 4205
      flesch: 56
     summary: It was obvious early in Musk’s tweeting career that the financial markets carefully observed his tweets, trying to glean information that could positively affect positions in Tesla stock, or derivatives based on Tesla stock. Why was Tesla stock being shorted?
    keywords: company; elon; information; investors; musk; public; stock; tesla; twitter
       cache: jbs-31.pdf
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        item: #212 of 366
          id: jbs-310
      author: Corman, Joel; Lussier, Robert; Baeder, Robert
       title: Global Strategies for The Future: Large Vs. Small Business
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 3434
      flesch: 58
     summary: The same is true of CEOs, even of small companies. However, it is actually easier for midsize and small companies to operate without much regard for national boundaries than large firms.
    keywords: business; companies; company; export; firm; global; products; small; strategies; vol
       cache: jbs-310.pdf
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        item: #213 of 366
          id: jbs-311
      author: Longmore, Dean; Idol, Charles; Wells, Gary
       title: The Theoretical Price-Earnings Ratio Model: Empirical Evidence
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 1524
      flesch: 50
     summary: , a sample of 259 industrial firms having sufficient historical data on the COMPUSTAT TAPES over the ten years 1969-1978 was selected.2 Average values over the ten-year span for each firm's price-earnings ratio (PE), operating profitability ratio (r), dividend payout ratio (b), financial leverage factor (L), and marginal tax rate (I) were calculated. The proposed theoretical model estab- lished that the determinants of PE ratios are operating return on assets (positive), systematic business risk (negative), and an ambiguous relationship with the dividend payout ratio, financial leverage, and the firm's tax rate.
    keywords: model; ratio; regression
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        item: #214 of 366
          id: jbs-312
      author: Fosberg, Richard; Madura, Jeff
       title: Determinants of Multinational Agency Costs
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 3261
      flesch: 47
     summary: Foreign firms may, in some circumstances, be more heavily monitored than United States firms. This monitoring may be especially valuable for shareholders in foreign firms as there is generally less publicly available information about foreign firms (even in their home countries) and, therefore, monitoring by non-inside shareholders is likely to be less effective.
    keywords: agency; firm; management; managers; mnc; operations; shareholders
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        item: #215 of 366
          id: jbs-313
      author: Peskin, Myron; Halpern, David
       title: Plant Location - A Case Study: The Value of Non-Quantified Variables for Site Selection
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 5738
      flesch: 52
     summary: These consultants evaluated many areas in the ten eastern states which satisfied the parameters and delimitations of the study. d. Are there resort and other recreational areas located within a one hour drive?
    keywords: area; community; corporation; cost; facility; location; management; new; plant; questions
       cache: jbs-313.pdf
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        item: #216 of 366
          id: jbs-314
      author: Rodgers, William; Schneider, Kenneth
       title: The Theory of Retail Market Structure: Applications to Specific Merchandise Lines
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 5624
      flesch: 57
     summary: The most appropriate conclusion is that there may be a mild patronage relationship between greeting card store prestige and consumer social sta- tus. H Fall 1991 Rodgers & Schneider: Retail Market Structure 123 purchasing high price, high quality brands represents a means of reducing perceived risk, so also would patronizing high price, high quality stores.
    keywords: appeal; cards; consumers; department; greeting; market; prestige; price; quality; risk; stores
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        item: #217 of 366
          id: jbs-315
      author: Hopson, James; Seyedian, Mojtaba
       title: Reverse Stock Splits as A Useful Management Tool: The Case of Quasi-Reorganization
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 3062
      flesch: 55
     summary: Reverse stock splits can also help companies whose stock is trading at an extremely low price per share and eliminate the image of being abnormally risky that is usually associated with penny stocks. The journal entries for quasi-reorganization and the disproportionate stock split are: A) Retained Earnings 125,000 ~antandPro~~ 85,000 Goodwill 35,000 Accounts Receivable 175,000 To write down goodwill and accounts receivable and write up plant pro~rty as part of a quasi-reorganization. B) Common Stock, $1 par value Common Stock, $10 par value Paid-in Capital in excess of Par To record disproportionate reveISe stock split which exchanges value stock for 50 shares of $1 par value stock. C)
    keywords: company; quasi; reorganization; reverse; split; stock
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        item: #218 of 366
          id: jbs-316
      author: Michman, Ronald; Greco, Alan; McGinnis, Michael
       title: Futuristics: Some Lessons for Marketing Managers
        date: 1991-10-15
       words: 2435
      flesch: 54
     summary: Futures planning questions should avoid narrow, product-specific questions directed to small incremental changes. Type III Errors also can originate from answering market research questions that are too narrow in focus.
    keywords: future; marketing; planning; questions; research
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        item: #219 of 366
          id: jbs-317
      author: Elmuti, Dean; Kathawala, Yunus; Chawla, Sudhir
       title: Occupational Stress: An Analysis
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 5109
      flesch: 55
     summary: Interestingly, marital sta- tus, age, number of years in present position, and hoUIS worked were not significantly related to occupational stress levels between male and female managers. Due to changing state oompensation laws businesses have become interested in their employees' health because they may be held liable for a worker's ill health resulting from occupational stress [7].
    keywords: executives; factors; female; level; male; managers; rank; strain; stress; supervisors; work
       cache: jbs-317.pdf
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        item: #220 of 366
          id: jbs-318
      author: Mitenko, Graham
       title: A Generalized Methodology to Establish A Value of The Initial Franchise Costs
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 5617
      flesch: 68
     summary: I Da:iIiml 1 Nows Windshield Repair Auto Maintenance 6,250 2,900 2,925 25 0.4 Franc. 2JitIyLube Auto Maintenance 116,000 35,000 54,288 19,288 16.6 Franc. 6 Ameri-Mobile Car Care Auto Maintenance 61,900 20,000 28,969 8,969 14.5 Franc.
    keywords: benefit; business; cost; exposure; franchise; franchising; indep; investment; loss; probability; success; value
       cache: jbs-318.pdf
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        item: #221 of 366
          id: jbs-319
      author: Strickland, Thomas; Hughes, Edward; Chu, Chen-Chin; Wort, Donald
       title: Real Estate Divestitures and Stock Price Performance Using Alternative Event Study Variance Estimators
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 3548
      flesch: 62
     summary: Unfortunately, this direct ap- proach is precluded by one of the salient features of real estate markets - the dearth of publicly available :financial data. [7] who examined the level and patterns of abnormal returns for firms separating real estate assets from their remaining operations through spinoffs.
    keywords: day; estate; event; firm; market; mmle; period; return; values; vol
       cache: jbs-319.pdf
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        item: #222 of 366
          id: jbs-32
      author: Reddy, Rama; Park, Sung-Jin
       title: Reconfiguring Dependencies Through Acquisitions: A Resource Dependency Perspective
        date: 2019-10-15
       words: 4404
      flesch: 46
     summary: The most important theoretical findings of this study are the demonstration of the relevance of resource dependence theory (RDT) to understand customer base concentration and the consequences of increased customer base concentration. The measure of customer base concentration defined as the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of a firm's sales revenue.
    keywords: base; concentration; customer; dependence; firm; journal; m&as; performance; study
       cache: jbs-32.pdf
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        item: #223 of 366
          id: jbs-320
      author: Van Houten, James; Unni, V.K. 
       title: Strategy Implementation: A Conceptual Review of Practical Applications
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 4641
      flesch: 52
     summary: External: oil exploration core business demand declined, low shares in new businesses.) to hold share, purchased Medeco Locks and American Tourlster to take advantage of new low cost mfg. technology and expertise.)
    keywords: core; cost; external; firms; focus; industry; mfg; new; porter; rivalry; segment; strategy; technology
       cache: jbs-320.pdf
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        item: #224 of 366
          id: jbs-321
      author: Sethna, Beheruz; Allen, Larry; Wellan, Dee
       title: Multiple Business Goals and Multiple Business Instruments: The Application of The Theory of Macroeconomic Policy to Business Decisions
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 5466
      flesch: 60
     summary: Since, ceteris paribus, as advertising increases, market share increases, values of market share to the right of the line M=M* repre- sent market share values greater than M*. For example, in Region I, though profit is greater than the target (C>C*), market share is less than the target (M<M*).
    keywords: advertising; business; market; price; share
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        item: #225 of 366
          id: jbs-322
      author: Noetzel, Arthur; Burnham, John
       title: A Strategic Approach for Manufacturers Facing Mandated Change
        date: 1991-03-15
       words: 5251
      flesch: 48
     summary: Maintaining competitive advantage in the time of mandated change requires a sharp and steady focus on the marketplace simultaneously with a fleXIbility that permits change in style, attitude, control, and performance methods. Manufacturing firms seeking both focus and fleXIbility are finding that four factors are important in building competitive advantage: a. a keen perspective of markets targeted [19]; b. a recognition that the use and conservation of time [6] and the widespread sharing of information
    keywords: advantage; change; circle; customers; manufacturer; manufacturing; market; new; product; quality; strategy
       cache: jbs-322.pdf
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        item: #226 of 366
          id: jbs-323
      author: Domm, Donald; Byles, Charles
       title: Strategic Success and Member Commitment
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 3129
      flesch: 55
     summary: Conversely, highly committed operatives with less highly committed managers were not significantly related to high bank performance. And while important within the work group [27], high commitment may not be vital to strategic success when the above-men- tioned control systems are in place.
    keywords: banks; commitment; level; management; performance; strategy; success; vol
       cache: jbs-323.pdf
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        item: #227 of 366
          id: jbs-324
      author: Haynes, Paula; Riley, Neil; Helms, Marilyn
       title: Strategic Planning for Financial Service Providers: A Family Life Cycle Profile of Competitive Market Segments
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 3832
      flesch: 56
     summary: Client Needs and the Financial Planner Since different needs motivate households, financial services providers must be re- sponsive to the impact of these needs on the [mandal services purchases of each segment. Conducted jointly by the Survey Research Center of the University of Michigan and the Federal Reserve Board, this data was collected from 3,824 households and included extensive information on the financial assets households owned, risk and liquidity attitudes and use of financial service providers.
    keywords: children; cycle; financial; households; life; planning; service; stage
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        item: #228 of 366
          id: jbs-325
      author: Bruton, Gary; Alexander, Roger; White, Margaret
       title: An Integrative Planning Model of Mergers and Acquisitions
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 4026
      flesch: 52
     summary: Acquiring firms should monitor their newly combined organization closely. Firms with successful acquisition programs formulate, as part of their objectives, a set of acquisition criteria to identify candidate f~s [8].
    keywords: acquiring; acquisition; firm; m&a; management; merger; planning; stage; vol
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        item: #229 of 366
          id: jbs-326
      author: Marlow, Edward; Marlow, Nancy
       title: Employment of The Physically Handicapped and The Ada
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 3842
      flesch: 57
     summary: Companies that resist the intent of the law or wish to make only minimal commitment will encounter the same difficulties that companies have had with EEO / AA and OSHA legislation. Disabled individuals must be hired if they are qualified to do the essential functions of the job.
    keywords: act; business; companies; employment; handicapped; job; people; personnel; services; workers
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        item: #230 of 366
          id: jbs-327
      author: Feltes, Patricia; Digman, L.A.
       title: Effect of Firm Size and International Strategy on Performance
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 2935
      flesch: 51
     summary: Since financial performance does not appear to be influenced by the interaction of size and strategy, the advisability 110 Journal ofBusiness Strategies Vo1.7,No.2 of employing international trading strategies should be evaluated using criteria other than size and should not automatically be ignored because a finn is small or medium size. There is a conceptual connection between the size of an organization, its choice of international strategy, and its ability to benefit from that choice [19].
    keywords: business; firm; journal; sales; size; strategy; vol
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        item: #231 of 366
          id: jbs-328
      author: Taylor, Ronald; Coulter, Ronald; Coulter, Mary
       title: Marketing Warfare Strategies: A Model
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 5376
      flesch: 57
     summary: The preemptive defense can be based around any type of attack strategy and is based on the premise that the best defense is a good attack. Relative market position can be classified into one of three positions: market leader, market chal- lenger, and market follower [4].
    keywords: attack; cell; defense; firms; guerrilla; market; strategy
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        item: #232 of 366
          id: jbs-329
      author: Honeycutt, Andrew; Ridley, Denis
       title: Competing with Global Quality Control: Learning from Japan
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 1680
      flesch: 48
     summary: Quality cost reports are periodic summaries of quality costs by organizational unit, by product, by any segment of interest, or for the organization as a whole. The reports typically organize costs based 128 Joumalo/BusinessStrategies Vo1.7,No.2 upon types of quality cost incurred, like prevention, appraisal, internal failure and exter- nal failure.
    keywords: control; costs; management; products; quality
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        item: #233 of 366
          id: jbs-33
      author: Reutzel, Christopher ; Belsito, Carrie
       title: Board Characteristics and The Acquisition of Newly Public Firms
        date: 2019-03-15
       words: 10438
      flesch: 53
     summary: In doing so, this study also heeds calls for greater research on the acquisition of firms undergoing the IPO transition (Certo et al., 2009) filling an empirical gap in extant research on the acquisitions of newly public firms and providing insight into how newly public firms should staff their boards of directors if their desire is to be acquired. Human resources in initial public offerings firms: Do venture capitalists make a difference?
    keywords: acquirers; acquisition; board; directors; firms; ipo; journal; likelihood; management; research; study; women
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        item: #234 of 366
          id: jbs-330
      author: Ahmadi, Mohammad; Driggans, Rick; Helms, Marilyn
       title: Quality and Quantity Goals in Service Industries: Compatible or Conflicting Strategies?
        date: 1990-10-15
       words: 1867
      flesch: 44
     summary: The instrument used to collect the data was a company-established system which cal- culated employee productivity and quality. Productivity figures are generated and distributed bi-weekly, while quality ratings are generated and distnbuted monthly.
    keywords: analysis; claims; productivity; quality
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        item: #235 of 366
          id: jbs-331
      author: Blackburn, Virginia; Shrader, Charles
       title: Redefining Corporate Strategic Fit
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 3195
      flesch: 38
     summary: With respect to unrelated diversification, inconsistency of competitive business strategies may not preclude integration of new diversification efforts. Business level strategy defines the competitive positioning of the firm in its industry.
    keywords: business; diversification; firm; level; strategies; strategy
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        item: #236 of 366
          id: jbs-332
      author: Green, Ronald; Jolly, James; Srivastava, Alok
       title: Differentiation and Cost Leadership Strategies: A Strategic Continuum of Alternatives
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 3709
      flesch: 54
     summary: Cost leadership firms emphasize managerial attention to cost control with a general theme of outperforming competitors through efficiency rather than product quality or service. The first deals with Porter's contention that successful firms follow strate- gies that can be identified and typed by three broad generic categories.
    keywords: cost; differentiation; firms; performance; porter; strategies; strategy
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        item: #237 of 366
          id: jbs-333
      author: Vincent, Vern; Hodges, DeWayne
       title: Judgment Analysis: A Methodology for Merit-Based Salary Allocation
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 2951
      flesch: 54
     summary: All the R2 values are significantly different from zero at the .01 level with the exception of the R2 value associated with faculty judge number 5. J AN Illustration To apply JAN to faculty merit allocation, the first step is to establish faculty profiles containing the evaluation information on the service areas.
    keywords: faculty; jan; judges; merit; policies; teaching; vol
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        item: #238 of 366
          id: jbs-334
      author: Kendall, Walter; Scott, C. Richard; Capps III, Charles
       title: New Concepts for The Management of Information Resources
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 3970
      flesch: 45
     summary: Out of necessity, information managers will have to move toward a way of thinking which places them more in tune with the reality of new organization structures. To help managers decide which information is worth protecting, a bi-polar model of information value is presented in Figure 1.
    keywords: factors; firm; information; management; managers; production; value
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        item: #239 of 366
          id: jbs-335
      author: Harrison, Jeffrey; Hall, Ernest; Caldwell, Lee
       title: Assessing Strategy Relatedness in Highly Diversified Firms
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 4873
      flesch: 52
     summary: There is also some support for the notion that high technological relatedness (T EC H) is connected with lower profitability (particularly ROE) and higher risk (RROA and RROE). Since the intent of this study is to compare and evaluate performance differences among sev- eral types of relatedness (as opposed to comparing diversified firms with undiversified firms), only highly-diversified firms are included in the sample.
    keywords: diversification; firm; industry; integration; marketing; performance; profitability; relatedness; vol
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        item: #240 of 366
          id: jbs-336
      author: Brewer, Carl
       title: A Primer on Management Control Structures
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 2036
      flesch: 48
     summary: The definition of management control given by Anthony, Dearden, and Bedford will serve as a frame of reference in this discussion: Management control is the process by which management assures that the organization carries out its strategies. For management control purposes, each element must be present within any given segment of the organization where management control is desired.
    keywords: control; management; organization
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        item: #241 of 366
          id: jbs-337
      author: Castaldi, Richard; Marino, Kenneth
       title: Psychological Antecedents of Work Role Perceptions: Business Founders and Managers
        date: 1990-03-15
       words: 4714
      flesch: 54
     summary: These results indicate that three categories of work roles exist among these sub- jects: Universally important roles, universally unimportant roles, and those roles whose importance is moderated by ownership status. First, prior research on the psychological factors associated with entrepreneurs and the research on managerial work roles are reviewed.
    keywords: achievement; business; control; entrepreneurs; journal; management; managers; research; roles; vol; work
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        item: #242 of 366
          id: jbs-338
      author: Apostolidis, Panos; Pachuk, Walter
       title: Transformations in Retailing: Toward The 'R' Establishment
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 4745
      flesch: 54
     summary: Critics against this have eluded that new retail institutions are led by cost-conscious, hard-working entrepreneurs who are profit maximizers with Journal of Business Strategies, Volume 6, Number 2 (Fall 1989) 79 80 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 6, No.2 no interest in providing unprofitable services. Managers find that their managerial effectiveness has diminished and they try to develop new retail concepts designed to, once again, become a dominant force.
    keywords: business; changes; consumer; establishment; journal; management; marketing; new; retailers; retailing; shopping; store; strategies; theory; values
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        item: #243 of 366
          id: jbs-339
      author: Kilbourne, William; Reed, Paul
       title: An Alternative Strategy for Improving Performance Appraisal Communications
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 2716
      flesch: 49
     summary: It is to the end of better communication of performance appraisal criteria that this article is directed. benefit preference [7]. Reed and Johnson [6J found that conjoint measurement offered a potentially valu- able tool for quantifying the relative values a supervisor attaches to various levels of performance appraisal criteria.
    keywords: analysis; appraisal; criteria; evaluation; performance
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        item: #244 of 366
          id: jbs-34
      author: Breazeale, Jonathan
       title: Real Estate Investment Decisions II: Commercial Office Property Leasing
        date: 2019-03-15
       words: 5449
      flesch: 58
     summary: Your leasing agent has just brought you a request for proposal (RFP) from a potential credit- worthy tenant who wants to lease office space in your Class A property. Regardless of how serious SSH is about their search for office space, times are tough.
    keywords: expenses; landlord; lease; office; operating; property; rent; space; tenant
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        item: #245 of 366
          id: jbs-340
      author: McNiel, Douglas; Yu, Shirley
       title: Sunday Closing Laws: Protection for Small Retailers?
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 3311
      flesch: 55
     summary: Opponents argue that Sunday closing laws are an unnecessary impediment to retail trade and that their elimination would lead to increased retail activity. The trend in recent years has been toward liberalization or repeal of Sunday closing laws.
    keywords: closing; establishments; laws; sic; sunday
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        item: #246 of 366
          id: jbs-341
      author: Swerdlow, Robert; Guidroz, Mark; Swerdlow, Marleen
       title: Understanding Medical Service Outshopping: Can Psychographics Enhance Understanding?
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 5327
      flesch: 57
     summary: Furthermore, very few have directly examined the process of consumers who shop for medical services outside of their local trade area ([lJ, p. 173). Medical Outshopping 111 The second recent study focused on rural consumers who purchase medical services from physicians outside of their local trade areas.
    keywords: area; care; health; msa; outshopping; percent; respondents; services; vol
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        item: #247 of 366
          id: jbs-342
      author: Norvell, Wayne; Gogumalla, Shalini; Walters, C. Glenn; Andrus, David
       title: Toward A More Comprehensive Marketing Strategy
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 3318
      flesch: 53
     summary: This realization coupled with technology derived from World War II led to more rigor in marketing strategy. The wide acceptance of the marketing concept by businesses in the late 1950s and early 1960s led to marketing strategy emphasizing the consumer orientation.
    keywords: consumer; environment; firm; groups; marketing; orientation; strategy
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        item: #248 of 366
          id: jbs-343
      author: Gowen III, Charles
       title: Japanese Versus American Corporate Competitive Advantages: Differences in Turnaround Strategy Antecedents, Actions, and Results
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 7207
      flesch: 47
     summary: [59J. The overall effect of lower fixed personnel costs has granted Japanese firms a commanding degree of flexibility in their cost structure. Although most major American firms are capitalized by equity, Japanese firms are financed by about sixty percent debt, twenty-five percent retained earnings, and only fifteen percent equity ([37], p. 31).
    keywords: actions; american; business; capacity; corporate; firms; japanese; management; model; product; results; strategies; strategy; turnaround; utilization; vol
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        item: #249 of 366
          id: jbs-344
      author: Garrett, Dennis; Bradford, Jeffery; Meyers, Renee
       title: Strategic Model for Issues Management Communication: How to Respond to Accusations of Unethical Corporate Behavior
        date: 1989-10-15
       words: 5342
      flesch: 43
     summary: Because consumer boycotts represent an important, widespread, and increasingly occurrent issues management situation and moreover, because they typically generate public debate ([10], [11], [15]), they provide an excellent base from which to validate a model of strategic issues management communication. Even though the importance of managerial communication to the issues man- agement process is widely accepted, little research has focused on the developing a strategic model for issues management communication.
    keywords: communication; issues; justification; management; manager; model; organization; policy; protesters; strategies
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        item: #250 of 366
          id: jbs-345
      author: David, Fred; Robin, Don; Giallourakis, Mike
       title: The Nature of Codes of Business Ethics: A Strategic Perspective
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 4791
      flesch: 58
     summary: Code of Business Ethics An effective approach for developing a code of business ethics could be to identify key ethical threats and opportunities facing the company and the industry. The role of business ethics in corporate strategy has been largely ignored in theory and practice.
    keywords: business; business ethics; cluster; codes; ethics; firms; manufacturing; sample; service; variables
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        item: #251 of 366
          id: jbs-346
      author: Timmerman, Ed; Petty, James
       title: Goal Programming as A Decision Tool for New Products Planning: A Case Example
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 3350
      flesch: 53
     summary: A CASE EXAMPLE Ed Timmerman University of Tennessee at Martin Martin, Tennessee James A. Petty Abilene Christian University Abilene, Texas Applications of goal programming (GP) to marketing decision environments have been relatively rare, even though its composition makes GP eminently suitable for many marketing contexts. The purpose of this article is to present and illustrate the use of goal programming as an aid to making common product introduction decisions, especially where techno- logically innovative products are concerned.
    keywords: advertising; decision; exposure; goal; media; model; programming; units; vol
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        item: #252 of 366
          id: jbs-347
      author: Culpan, Refik
       title: Strategic Use of Countertrade in Multinational Business
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 3995
      flesch: 47
     summary: These operational components include selection of country, export product, counter delivery policies, and terms of countertrade agreement. Countertrade agreements involving complex and long-lasting negotiations require an experienced staff to construct the components as well as define details of contracts.
    keywords: business; company; compensation; counterpurchase; countertrade; countries; firms; international; vol; world
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        item: #253 of 366
          id: jbs-348
      author: Grimm, Curtis; Smith, Ken; Blankinship, Rex
       title: Post-Deregulatory Strategic Performance: A Study of The Railroad Industry
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 3651
      flesch: 62
     summary: Though much has been written on different strategies and their relationship to firm performance, few studies have focused on regulated industries and, in particular, on different railroad strategies [6J. A major purpose of regulatory reform in the railroad industry was to improve rail carrier performance. Studying strategies firms employ and distinguishing high performing strategies from low performing strategies can provide useful insights for strategic managers.
    keywords: cluster; cost; firms; management; miles; performance; railroad; strategies; strategy
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        item: #254 of 366
          id: jbs-349
      author: Byles, Charles; Keating, Robert
       title: Strength of Organizational Culture and Performance: Strategic Implications
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 5235
      flesch: 54
     summary: In addition, strong cultures provide pathways for executive and rrriddle management decisions by capturing the essence of what has worked well in the past ([19],[23]). However, despite these advantages, strong cultures made up of values and be- liefs which fundamentally underrrrine the competitive advantage of the firm would be undesirable.
    keywords: business; culture; decision; firm; management; new; organization; performance; values; vol
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        item: #255 of 366
          id: jbs-35
      author: Simmons, Garland
       title: The Decision To Build A Fence: A Real-Option Problem
        date: 2019-03-15
       words: 5174
      flesch: 69
     summary: σ2 = σΔ2c + σΔ2h - 2ρ∆c,∆h σ∆c σ∆h And where σ2 is the variance of each possible (instantaneous) difference between the state-contingent rate of return on investment in cattle production and in hay production: σ2 = σΔ2c + σΔ2h - 2ρ∆c,∆h σ∆c σ∆h And where a z number equal to d1 under a standardized normal density And where a z number equal to d2 under a standardized normal density 56 Journal of Business Strategies In Table 3 below a solution to the value of an option to exchange hay production for calf production is illustrated given certain parameter value assumption. Instead, once the fence is built, the Spade has the ability to switch land use from hay production to cattle production and vice versa.
    keywords: cattle; cows; fence; hay; production; value
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        item: #256 of 366
          id: jbs-350
      author: Gullett, C. Ray
       title: Disparate Treatment and Disparate Impact: A Tale of Two Burdens
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 2455
      flesch: 53
     summary: With all dght justices concurring (Just(ce Ke-nnedy had not ye-t joined the Court), Justice O'Connor instructe-dthe- Court of Appe-als to de-termine if statistical evidence was sufficient to pursue a charge of disparate impact discrimination in this case [7]. But the added comments of four justices regarding standards of evidence and burden of proof in such cases may ultimately strengthen employers' defenses against any sort of disparate impact charge.
    keywords: court; discrimination; disparate; employer; employment; impact
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        item: #257 of 366
          id: jbs-351
      author: Calantone, Roger; di Benedetto, C. Anthony; Meloche, Martin
       title: The Analytical Hierarchy Process as A Technique for Retail Store Location Selection
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 5888
      flesch: 56
     summary: The main ob- jective in location allocation models is to allocate customers across store locations (existing and proposed), to predict resulting sales and profits. It is easier for the respondent to make his or her decision based on only one or two important criteria (i.e., looking at only maximizing sales when choosing store location), while not placing enough importance on other criteria (transportation costs, likely union problems, etc.).
    keywords: ahp; criteria; decision; journal; location; manager; model; objective; segment; store; vol
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        item: #258 of 366
          id: jbs-352
      author: Shadoan, Donald; Sharp, Robert
       title: The New Math for Productivity: Opportunity Cost, Revisited
        date: 1989-03-15
       words: 1423
      flesch: 53
     summary: THE NEW MATH FOR PRODUCTIVITY: OPPORTUNITY COST, REVISITED Donald Shadoan Robert Sharp Eastern Kentucky University Richmond, Kentucky Economists frequently state that opportunity costs are the only relevant costs one should use when making resource allocation decisions. Dean stated, In business problems the mes- sage of opportunity costs is that it is dangerous to confine cost knowledge to what the firm is doing.
    keywords: concept; cost; decision; opportunity
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        item: #259 of 366
          id: jbs-353
      author: Brennan, Timothy
       title: Exclusive Dealing in General Business Practice
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 3515
      flesch: 56
     summary: An important special case in which exclusive dealing may be applied is in the manufacturer/retailer relationship. Since exclusive dealing predated sophisticated economic analysis of contractual practices, it was assumed that exclusive dealing must have been an indicator or manifestation of some kind of antitrust-like anticompetitive activity.
    keywords: agent; dealing; firm; interest; manufacturer; principal; vol
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        item: #260 of 366
          id: jbs-354
      author: Ryans, Cynthia; Ryans Jr., John; Pearson, Michael
       title: The Importance of The Business Plan to The Small Business
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 3060
      flesch: 58
     summary: The managements of these firms believe business plans are simply dreams of glory and enjoy listing all the companies that have been successful without relying on a business plan. Hence, it ap- pears almost certain that small--businesspersons (or aspiring small--businesspersons) who enroll in a Small Business Management wurse can expect that business plans will be given extensive coverage.
    keywords: business; courses; management; plan; planning; ryans; small; survey
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        item: #261 of 366
          id: jbs-355
      author: King, Elizabeth; Norvell, Wayne; Deines, Dan
       title: Budgeting: A Strategic Managerial Tool
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 2280
      flesch: 48
     summary: The planning process begins with the establishment of the organization's goals, and budget planning must be in harmony with the long-run goals of the company as well as the short-run objectives such as target amounts of costs and income. However, budget planning provides management with a view of the future that serves as an early warning system for those contemplated actions that might lead to unaccept- able results.
    keywords: budget; budgeting; business; control; management; planning; process
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        item: #262 of 366
          id: jbs-356
      author: Kohl, John; Stephens, David
       title: Personnel Recruitment and The Law: Guidelines for Managers of Small Business Firms
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 3523
      flesch: 53
     summary: A common date was chosen in order to assure uniformity of results, and a Sunday edition of the classifieds was analyzed in an attempt to maximize the number of such ads. As indicated earlier, such ads were illegal specifica- tions under the law.
    keywords: ads; age; business; employment; firms; personnel; recruitment
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        item: #263 of 366
          id: jbs-357
      author: Hopper, JoAnne; Lipscomb, Thomas
       title: The Male Outshopper: An Overlooked Market Segment
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 3311
      flesch: 51
     summary: Small town merchants may strive for outshopper retention while out-of-town merchants engage in retailing strategies designed to attract outshoppers. Figure 3 Strategies for Small Town Merchants to Attract Outshoppers • Advertise in local small town media • Offer credit cards to out-of-town customers through direct mail • Offer free out-of-town delivery • Emphasize selection and fashion in advertising to outshoppers • Do not change prices • Employ cooperative advertising among large city merchants to specifically attract outshoppers in lo- cal media •
    keywords: area; inshoppers; male; merchants; outshoppers; outshopping; town
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        item: #264 of 366
          id: jbs-358
      author: Powers, Thomas
       title: Just Noticeable Difference: The Marketplace Experience of General Motors
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 4951
      flesch: 62
     summary: As competing product differences within the consumer's base of experience increase, the level of I increases which again in turn requires 6.1 to be greater to maintain a constant k. Increases in product differences for the subject firm's products reduce the level of 1. For a firm such as General Motors, the level of product differences could remain relatively constant from year to year.
    keywords: differences; general; level; market; motors; new; number; products
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        item: #265 of 366
          id: jbs-359
      author: Aghazadeh, Seyed-Mahmoud
       title: Forecasting Business Inventories as An Economic Indicator
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 2542
      flesch: 53
     summary: In order to forecast business inventories based on sales, the types of inventories held by different businesses must be determined. Business Inventories 107 Except for the low insignificant coefficient for lagged retailed sales (corrected for autocorrelation), the results are as expected.
    keywords: business; forecast; inventories; inventory; manufacturers; retail; sales
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        item: #266 of 366
          id: jbs-36
      author: Capps, Charles; Cassidy, Christopher; Gravois, Renee; Warner, Janis
       title: Expanding The Competitive Profile Matrix: Introducing The Production/Operations Management, Marketing, Human Resource Management, Finance/Accounting, Research And Development, And Information Systems Competitive Profile Matrices
        date: 2019-03-15
       words: 2791
      flesch: 41
     summary: This paper offers a conceptual expansion of the CPM to include a Production/Operations Management CPM, Marketing CPM, Human Resource Management CPM, Finance/ Accounting CPM, Research and Development CPM, and an Information Systems CPM to provide additional strategic decision-making analytical tools. Moreover, because strategists believe the depth and thoroughness of the strategic management decision-making analytical process is a fundamental reason for conducting strategic audits, the authors introduce the following six new matrices Production/Operations Management CPM (POM-CPM), Marketing CPM (M-CPM), Finance/Accounting CPM (F-CPM), Human Resource Management CPM (HRM-CPM), Research and Development (R&D-CPM), and Information Systems CPM (IS-CPM) to provide more in-depth strategic analytical insight when analyzing competing companies.
    keywords: company; cpm; management; matrix; profile; rating; score
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        item: #267 of 366
          id: jbs-360
      author: Waldron, Darryl
       title: On the Perils, Pitfalls, and Opportunities of Global Diversification: A High-Stakes Gamble?
        date: 1988-10-15
       words: 3031
      flesch: 50
     summary: From his study, Biggadike [4] concluded that companies contemplating diversification should be aware that: • large scale market entry will substantially improve the probability of success; • an emphasis on very rapid early gains in relative market share is the best way to reduce the length of time over which losses must be incurred; • even in narrowly defined market segments small-scale entry significantly reduces the probability of success; • one should back a diversification effort as long as it continues to build market share; and • resources should be withdrawn from a profitable venture if profits have been gained at the cost of market share (i.e., a profitable diversification effort based on low or declining market share is destined to be tomorrow's dog). Once again, being able to grow market share, as opposed to simply increasing revenue through higher prices, appeared to be of critical importance for sample firms 114 Journal of Business Strategies Vol. 5, No.2 achieving long-term success.
    keywords: diversification; entry; market; performance; share; years
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        item: #268 of 366
          id: jbs-361
      author: Namiki, Nobuaki
       title: Strategies for U.S. Firms to Better Penetrate Japanese Markets
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 4661
      flesch: 45
     summary: Investigation of the nature of inter- firm relationships in the specific industry or market is important because the knowledge can help: 1. identify Japanese companies which are more likely to buy foreign products or carry the products in their distribution channels, within the specific industry; 2. identify with what objective Japanese companies conduct business or com- pete in the market; 3. develop and nurture relationships with Japanese parts suppliers or distri- bution channels, when a foreign company decides to make direct invest- ment in Japan; and 4. develop and nurture business relationships with Japanese companies in the market or in related industries. Also, in addition to the trade liberalization programs, the Japanese government has initiated capital liberalization programs so foreign companies can acquire Japanese companies to gain ready access to Japanese markets.
    keywords: business; companies; company; group; industry; japanese; market; member; relationships
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        item: #269 of 366
          id: jbs-362
      author: Hopson, James; Ethridge, Jack
       title: An Analysis of Selected Accounting Provisions of The Tax Reform Act of 1986
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 3522
      flesch: 52
     summary: The change in accounting method is required for tax years beginning after December 31, 1986. Bad Debts For tax years beginning after 1986, TRA-86 eliminates the use of the bad debt reserve method of deducting uncollectible accounts for enterprises other than certain financial institutions.
    keywords: accounting; changes; costs; financial; inventory; method; tax
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        item: #270 of 366
          id: jbs-363
      author: Willis, T. Hillman
       title: Development and Interpretation of a Credit Risk Evaluation Instrument
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 3889
      flesch: 64
     summary: Thus, as the score gets higher, the percentage of bad loans drops faster than the percentage of good loans. The result is that the scoring system is estimated to increase the percentage of good loans that are accepted from 49 to 66 percent which is a 17 percent improvement.
    keywords: card; credit; good; loan; percent; score; scoring
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        item: #271 of 366
          id: jbs-364
      author: Carland, James; Carland, JoAnn; Aby Jr., Caroll
       title: An Empirical Assessment of The Relationship Between Management Levels and Planning Among Small Business Practitioners
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 3497
      flesch: 60
     summary: Despite the controversy, one thing that most scholars have in common is a recognition that vast numbers of small firms do not plan at all! Furthermore, the literature does not support the subclassification of small firms.
    keywords: business; firms; management; planning; plans; taxonomy; vol
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        item: #272 of 366
          id: jbs-365
      author: Ray, Russ
       title: The Strategic Flexibility of Interest Rate Swaps
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 1397
      flesch: 64
     summary: Interest rate swaps-an exchange of interest-rate payments between two parties without an exchange of the underlying debt-were developed in the 1980's and are already approaching $200 billion in annual volume. This article demonstrates these applications and thereby articulates the strategic and tactical flexibility effected by utilizing interest rate swaps.
    keywords: firm; interest; rate
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        item: #273 of 366
          id: jbs-366
      author: Wood Jr., D. Robley; Johnston, Russell; DeGenaro, Guy
       title: The Impact of Formal Planning on The Financial Performance of Real Estate Firms
        date: 1988-03-15
       words: 3415
      flesch: 60
     summary: This research investigates the relationship between the formal planning ef- forts and financial performance for a sample of real estate firms located in the State of Virginia, The group of real estate firms which scored high on the formal planning scale were compared with those that scored low.
    keywords: estate; firms; income; planners; planning; real
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        item: #274 of 366
          id: jbs-367
      author: Garrett, Dennis
       title: Strategic Guidelines for Responding to Consumer Boycotts
        date: 1987-10-15
       words: 4005
      flesch: 57
     summary: Conceptual Framework Although the specific subject of managerial strategies for responding to consumer boycotts has not been extensively studied, the broad subject of how business managers should respond to environmental trauma has been studied from three related perspectives-the consumerism perspective, the consumer information processing perspective, and the crisis management perspective. STRATEGIC GUIDELINES FOR RESPONDING TO CONSUMER BOYCOTTS Dennis E. Garrett College of Business Administration University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma Introduction Although consumer boycotts have been used as a protest vehicle for cen- turies [18], the past decade has proven to be an era of exceptional boycott activity.
    keywords: boycott; business; consumer; journal; managers; marketing; research; vol
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        item: #275 of 366
          id: jbs-368
      author: David, Fred; Cochran, Daniel
       title: A Study of Mission Statements Among Large U.S. Manufacturers
        date: 1987-10-15
       words: 3173
      flesch: 52
     summary: A STUDY OF MISSION STATEMENTS AMONG LARGE U. S. MANUFACTURERS Fred R. David College of Business Administration Auburn University Auburn, Alabama Daniel S. Cochran College of Business and Industry Mississi ppi State University Mississippi State, Mississippi Mission statements should be limited enough to ex- clude some ventures and be broad enough to allow for creative growth.
    keywords: company; consumer; firms; mary; mission; products; statement
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        item: #276 of 366
          id: jbs-369
      author: Bauer, Kathleen
       title: Selected Tax Issues Concerning the Sale of a Principal Residence
        date: 1987-10-15
       words: 2357
      flesch: 56
     summary: Principal residence is ordinarily defined as the home you actually live in. The Tax Court, citing the Ways and Means Committee Report under the Revenue Act of 1951 regarded the situation of a change in residence due to change of employment as a type of involuntary conver- sion to which Congress intended to extend relief, and stated that interpreting the statute as inapplicable when a poor real estate market or unavailability of mortgage funds required leasing 'for a temporary period concurrent with and ancillary to sales efforts' would be inconsistent with the statute's remedial purpose ([3], pp.
    keywords: home; residence; sale; taxpayer
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        item: #277 of 366
          id: jbs-37
      author: Guenther, Edeltraud; Schmidt, Alexandra; Bergmann, Anne; Hilmann, Julia
       title: Outperforming Peers Through A Comprehensive Climate Change Strategy: The Case of Electric Utilities
        date: 2018-10-15
       words: 8908
      flesch: 46
     summary: These findings might contribute to promoting climate change strategies in a corporate context. Since literature on that specific link is sparse, we broadened the search to studies that deal with the more general topic of environmental strategies and their relation to financial performance since climate change strategies can be seen as a sub-category of environmental strategies.
    keywords: adaptation; business; change strategy; climate change; companies; journal; management; market; measures; mitigation; performance; resilience; results; strategies; strategy
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        item: #278 of 366
          id: jbs-370
      author: Peterson, Robin
       title: A Profile of High-Level Corporate Managers in The United States
        date: 1987-10-15
       words: 3814
      flesch: 59
     summary: In comparison to these, the Mid-Atlantic, East-North-Central, and West-North-Central areas produced more than their commensurate share of top executives, while the 76 South-Atlantic, East-South-Central, West-South-Central, Mountain, and Pa- cific areas did not fare as well. Table 8 in- dicates that the largest number of top executives had two employers.
    keywords: executives; managers; number; sample; study; table
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        item: #279 of 366
          id: jbs-371
      author: Debnath, Sukumar; Fowler Jr., Aubrey; Bushardt, Stephen
       title: The Strategic Use of Bankruptcy Prediction Models: An Aid to Executive Decision Making
        date: 1987-10-15
       words: 4444
      flesch: 49
     summary: Unfortunately, these models failed to provide a single, comprehensive basis for determining potential financial problems due to contradictory results. Therefore, the BPM's are diagnostic tools iden- tifying problems rather than prescriptive tools for avoiding bankrupt~y. An additional criticism is that firms encountering financial problems may delay in reporting financial data which may create accuracy problems in predicting pending failure based on recent operations [13]. 90 A Bankruptcy Prediction Model in Use Given these models and criticisms of them, a brief overview of one in operation might benefit the reader.
    keywords: bankruptcy; bpm; failure; firms; models; potential; problems; use
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        item: #280 of 366
          id: jbs-372
      author: Gullett, C. Ray
       title: Comparable Worth: A Legal and Professional Update
        date: 1987-03-15
       words: 3354
      flesch: 65
     summary: Although advocates of comparable worth are sometimes ambivalent about job evaluation, most see it as the solution to valuing dissimilar jobs. Unfortunately, job evaluation is not the objective measuring tool that we might wish it to be.
    keywords: act; employer; evaluation; jobs; market; pay; women; worth
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        item: #281 of 366
          id: jbs-373
      author: Hollman, Kenneth; Moser, H. Ronald; Murrey, Joe
       title: The D&O Liability Insurance Policy in The Small Corporation
        date: 1987-03-15
       words: 4046
      flesch: 53
     summary: One large carrier that specializes in D&O coverage for small corporations now has a $10,000,000 coverage limit along with a $1,000 deductible per individual director and officer. Second, the buyer of D&O coverage should request a quote from several different carriers.
    keywords: corporate; corporation; coverage; d&o; directors; insurance; liability; officers; policy
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        item: #282 of 366
          id: jbs-374
      author: Hoffman, Alan
       title: Strategic Responses to Ballot Questions by The Private Sector
        date: 1987-03-15
       words: 4673
      flesch: 52
     summary: It is now evident that initiative campaigns can cost several million dollars to wage. In 1982, less than 30 percent of all proposals titled in initiative states actually qualified for ballot placement.
    keywords: ballot; business; campaign; groups; initiative; michigan; organization; proposal; public; referendum; regulation; state
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        item: #283 of 366
          id: jbs-375
      author: Madura, Jeff; Boothe, Robert
       title: Creative Financing by Multinationals
        date: 1987-03-15
       words: 2895
      flesch: 51
     summary: Yet, the invoicing strategy identified above may only allow for a portion of the overall MNC's financing to be obtained at low interest rates. In this way, additional financing could be obtained at low interest rates and an additional source of LINT franc revenues world be created to cover future interest payments on previous loans.
    keywords: financing; interest; lint; rate; subsidiaries
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        item: #284 of 366
          id: jbs-376
      author: Vecchio, Robert
       title: Effective Followership: Leadership Turned Upside Down
        date: 1987-03-15
       words: 3484
      flesch: 48
     summary: Many organizations try to illicit a sense of identity by having group members wear uniforms, or by emblazoning a company logo on paychecks, stationery, and LD. A good argument can be made that when we commonly speak of effective leadership, we are really speaking of effective followership.
    keywords: followership; group; individual; leadership; loyalty; subordinates; unit
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        item: #285 of 366
          id: jbs-377
      author: Oliver, John; Roberts, Gary; Watson, Kerr
       title: Implementing Strategic Change in Manufacturing Organizations
        date: 1986-10-15
       words: 3834
      flesch: 48
     summary: It was second only to direct contact in entrepreneurial organizations where it was hypothesized to be most appropriate, but was eighth out of nine in hierarchic organizations and fifth in the professional type. As expected, their use is most theoretically congruent with hierarchies and professional organizations and is supported by the data.
    keywords: group; implementation; mechanisms; organization; professional; quality; strategy; task; types
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        item: #286 of 366
          id: jbs-378
      author: Preble, John; Rau, Pradeep
       title: Combining Delphi and Multiple Scenario Analysis for Planning Purposes
        date: 1986-10-15
       words: 3360
      flesch: 52
     summary: The Delphi technique and scenarios have been widely used to assess future conditions since such an assessment will help cope with rapid environmental change. Scenarios are written descriptions that help the plan- ner to organize possible future events and issues and their interactions into a meaningful display.
    keywords: events; future; impact; industry; likelihood; scenario; steel
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        item: #287 of 366
          id: jbs-379
      author: King, Thomas; Carver, M. Robert
       title: Managerial Decision Making and Changing Prices: The Effects of Inflation on Internal Information and Operating Policies
        date: 1986-10-15
       words: 4099
      flesch: 41
     summary: Geographical location was found to be related to the use of inflation- adjusted data by financial institutions in evaluating both expected revenues and expected expenses. The results of these two studies seem to conflict somewhat in that Casey and Sandretto find that nearly half of the companies responding to their survey report inflation-adjusted data internally, while Rosenzweig finds little inter- nal reporting and little internal use of SFAS No. 33 information.
    keywords: data; firms; inflation; institutions; prices; sfas; use
       cache: jbs-379.pdf
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        item: #288 of 366
          id: jbs-38
      author: Gilley, K.; Coombs, Joseph; O'Connor, Joseph; Thorley, Timothy; Wesley, Curtis
       title: Religiosity and Corporate Illegal Activity
        date: 2018-10-15
       words: 8331
      flesch: 43
     summary: Our findings indicate that religiosity has a negative influence on illegal corporate activity but that this relationship is primarily limited to stock options backdating. Board size and independence are also shown to moderate the relationship between religiosity and illegal corporate activity.
    keywords: activity; backdating; board; executives; journal; management; norms; option; relationship; religiosity; results; social; stock; theory
       cache: jbs-38.pdf
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        item: #289 of 366
          id: jbs-380
      author: King, John; Miller, Joseph
       title: The Impact of The Underground Economy on American Business
        date: 1986-10-15
       words: 2916
      flesch: 55
     summary: The greater part of business activity covered in the IRS study was legal, but the participating individuals illegally failed to report the generated income. The first segment, which we have desig- nated as the Class I segment, is composed of business activities that are illegal in all respects and should never be practiced.
    keywords: activities; business; class; economy; income; percent; tax
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        item: #290 of 366
          id: jbs-381
      author: Buckmaster, Dale; Kwart, Melinda
       title: Note on The Legal Theory of Constructive Deceit
        date: 1986-10-15
       words: 1612
      flesch: 51
     summary: Implications for Directors and Stockholders The theory of constructive deceit is the common law rule that is currently used to determine whether cases involving minority stockholders opposing a merger will be under the jurisdiction of state courts or federal courts. In this article we discuss both the availability of a federal forum under current legal theory, as well as the advantages of electing this option. Section 10 and Rule lOb-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (8) may provide injured minority stockholders a course of action in a merger or takeover when there is no remedy in the state courts.
    keywords: deceit; rule; state; theory
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        item: #291 of 366
          id: jbs-382
      author: Mukatis, W. Alfred; Gray, Dahli
       title: In-Substance Defeasance of Debt: A Solution to A Management Problem
        date: 1986-03-15
       words: 5421
      flesch: 58
     summary: The FASB has placed the following specific restrictions on trust assets used for in-substance defeasance: The trust shall be restricted to owning only monetary assets that are essentially risk free to the amount, timing, and collection of interest and principal. If, in conjunction with placing assets in trust to effect an extinguish- ment of debt, it is expected that trust assets will be used to pay related costs, such as trustee fees, as well as to satisfy scheduled interest and principal payments of a specific debt, those costs shall be considered in determining the amount of funds required by the trust.
    keywords: assets; debt; debtor; defeasance; interest; sfas; substance; substance defeasance; trust
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        item: #292 of 366
          id: jbs-383
      author: Ray, Russ
       title: Futures Options Vs. Conventional Futures: When to Use Which
        date: 1986-03-15
       words: 1858
      flesch: 63
     summary: The Disadvantage of Futures Options The disadvantage of hedging with futures options is that option costs are not refundable, whereas margins (on conventional futures) are. As with other options, buyers of futures options post no margins; writers do.
    keywords: futures; interest; options
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        item: #293 of 366
          id: jbs-384
      author: David, Fred
       title: A Framework for Conducting an External Strategic Management Audit
        date: 1986-03-15
       words: 4272
      flesch: 48
     summary: 25 Develop Appropriate Forecasts Once key environmental variables have been selected and specific sources of information have been located, the third step in performing an external strategic management audit is to forecast key environmental variables. Firms that do not identify, monitor, forecast, and evaluate key environmental variables may fail to anticipate emerging oppor- tunities and threats.
    keywords: audit; factor; industry; information; key; matrix; score; threats; variables; weighted
       cache: jbs-384.pdf
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        item: #294 of 366
          id: jbs-385
      author: Kroll, Mark; Hannan, Roxanna
       title: The Experience Curve’s Role in Strategic Planning
        date: 1986-03-15
       words: 4632
      flesch: 54
     summary: Finally, experience curve strategies are particularly appropriate in indus- tries where demand is especially price sensitive. Gov- ernment concerns about predatory pricing and attempts to monopolize can sometimes thwart efforts to use experience curve pricing strategies.
    keywords: cost; curve; experience; firm; industry; market; output; share; unit
       cache: jbs-385.pdf
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        item: #295 of 366
          id: jbs-387
      author: Cochran, Daniel; David, Fred; Gibson, C. Kendrick
       title: A Framework for Developing an Effective Mission Statement
        date: 1985-10-15
       words: 4525
      flesch: 52
     summary: This framework could also provide some direction for much needed empirical research on mission statements. Table 1 Identifying Mission Statement Components: A Compilation Of Excerpts From Actual Mission Statements I. Excerpts From Corporate Mission Statements 1.
    keywords: analysis; business; college; communication; management; mission; mission statement; organization; process; statement; university
       cache: jbs-387.pdf
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        item: #296 of 366
          id: jbs-388
      author: Smith, L. Murphy; Thompson, James
       title: The Ethical Dilemma in The Managerial Accounting Profession
        date: 1985-10-15
       words: 2780
      flesch: 44
     summary: Recognizing the obligation of management accountants to the organiza- tions they serve, their profession, the public, and themselves to maintain the highest standards of ethical conduct, the National Association of Accoun- tants (NAA) issued Statement on Management Accounting No. IC (SMA No. IC), Standards of Ethical Conduct for Management Accountants, in June 1982. Management accountants are instructed not to commit acts contrary to these standards nor to condone the commission of such arts by others within their organizations.
    keywords: accountant; code; ethics; management; standards
       cache: jbs-388.pdf
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        item: #297 of 366
          id: jbs-389
      author: Hartman, Bart; Brenner, Vincent; Bilbray, Reed
       title: Problem Loan Identification and Management (PLIM) System
        date: 1985-10-15
       words: 4034
      flesch: 53
     summary: Proper management of problem loans will also reduce loan losses as well as provide a mechanism to make available the much needed assistance to the 33 clients with financial difficulties. Banks should establish a monitoring system to track problem loans by industry or type of business.
    keywords: bank; borrower; collateral; loan; officer; portfolio; problem
       cache: jbs-389.pdf
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        item: #298 of 366
          id: jbs-390
      author: Little, Beverly
       title: Evaluation and Use of Financial Ratios in Assessing Management Excellence
        date: 1985-10-15
       words: 2609
      flesch: 64
     summary: Ratio analysis is a useful tool of financial analysis, but the user should be aware of its limitations. Summary and Conclusions It appears from this study that the analysis of financial ratios generally backs up the contention of excellent management for the five companies examined.
    keywords: average; boeing; companies; ibm; industry; inventory; johnson; ratios
       cache: jbs-390.pdf
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        item: #299 of 366
          id: jbs-393
      author: Shelby, Annette
       title: A Typology of Communication Strategies for Corporate Advocacy
        date: 1985-03-15
       words: 2184
      flesch: 43
     summary: Put simply, the focus of advocacy-whether in speeckmaking or op-ed advertising-is argument.[3] Communication strategies provide the framework or structure for argument, prescribe the advocate's options, and thus limit the rhetorical choices to be made. This paper presents a conceptual analysis of communication strategies available to the corporate spokesperson.
    keywords: advocacy; advocate; company; position; strategy
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        item: #300 of 366
          id: jbs-394
      author: Fox, Harold
       title: Catalysis of Strategic Planning for Small Business
        date: 1985-03-15
       words: 2529
      flesch: 60
     summary: Most quasi-boards function at some middle range between formal proce- dures and relaxed comradery. It discusses why small companies have use for substitute directors, how they are orga- nized into a quasi-board, and what they do.
    keywords: board; business; members; owner; planning; quasi; strategy
       cache: jbs-394.pdf
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        item: #301 of 366
          id: jbs-395
      author:  Baron, C.D.; Dillaway, M.P.
       title: Tax Savings for Exporters Under the New Foreign Sales Corporation Option
        date: 1985-03-15
       words: 2175
      flesch: 55
     summary: The small FSC is allowed to select the export transactions to be applied to the $5 million cap, _49- enabling the taxpayer to assign high profit margin export transactions to the tax-exempt portion of FSC income. If this occurs, approximately 32 percent of FSC income derived from foreign trade can be exempt from U.S. taxation.
    keywords: export; foreign; fsc; income; tax
       cache: jbs-395.pdf
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        item: #302 of 366
          id: jbs-40
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy; Fowler, Jie
       title: An Exploratory Study of Nonsurgical Cosmetic Procedures Consumers
        date: 2018-10-15
       words: 6172
      flesch: 49
     summary: Patients who use more cosmetic procedures information (word-of-mouth, mass media, and social media) have a greater attitude toward social media advertising of cosmetic procedures. H2: Patients who use more cosmetic procedures information (word-of-mouth, mass media, and social media) have a greater attitude toward mass media advertising of cosmetic procedures.
    keywords: advertising; body; consumers; cosmetic; image; information; journal; marketing; mass; media; patients; procedures; research; self; use
       cache: jbs-40.pdf
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        item: #303 of 366
          id: jbs-41
      author: Parnell, John; Mensah, Edwin; Oppong, Derek
       title: Strategic Political Emphasis (SPE), Environmental Uncertainty, and Firm Performance In Ghana
        date: 2018-03-15
       words: 9167
      flesch: 51
     summary: Volume 35, Number 1 1 STRATEGIC POLITICAL EMPHASIS (SPE), ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE IN GHANA John A. Parnell University of North Carolina at Pembroke • Pembroke, NC Edwin C. Mensah University of North Carolina at Pembroke • Pembroke, NC Derek Oppong Data Link Institute • Tema, Ghana ABSTRACT This paper reports on a survey of 125 managers concerning strategic political emphasis (SPE), environmental uncertainty, and firm performance in Ghana. Keywords: Ghana, strategic political emphasis (SPE), corporate political analysis, nonmarket strategy, strategic political management, uncertainty.
    keywords: business; emphasis; firms; ghana; government; journal; management; market; nms; nonmarket; performance; research; spe; strategies; strategy; uncertainty
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        item: #304 of 366
          id: jbs-412
      author: Maldonado, Tiffany; Carden, Lila; Brace, Carol; Myers, Marie
       title: Fostering Innovation Through Humble Leadership and Humble Organizational Culture
        date: 2021-12-16
       words: 7140
      flesch: 36
     summary: Organizational innovation and organizational change. Our matrix simplifies the degree of organizational humble organizational culture and humble leadership behaviors into high and low for feasibility in applying the model to organizations.
    keywords: behaviors; business; culture; employees; et al; inc; innovation; journal; leadership; maldonado; management; tech
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        item: #305 of 366
          id: jbs-413
      author: Reavis, Mark; Singh, Kuldeep; Tucci, Jack
       title: Millennials’ Strategic Decision Making Through the Lens of Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Management
        date: 2021-12-16
       words: 7274
      flesch: 46
     summary: Earlier studies analyzed and discovered that millennials have a stakeholder preference over a stockholder approach and indicate that CSR decisions stem from a values proposition (Ferrell et al., 2016; Serban, 2015). The ancillary decisions are the focus of the research to determine if millennials will in fact engage in CSR decisions given the pressure to maximize profits in a financially competitive simulation.
    keywords: approach; business; cluster; corporate; csr; journal; making; management; millennials; reavis; responsibility; stakeholder; strategies; students; study; sustainability
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        item: #306 of 366
          id: jbs-414
      author: Leemann, Niklaus; Kanbach, Dominik; Stubner, Stephan
       title: Breaking the Paradigm of Sensing, Seizing, and Transforming - Evidence from Axel Springer
        date: 2021-12-16
       words: 12729
      flesch: 62
     summary: Similarly, the media industry has been considered suitable for dynamic capabilities research in other studies (e.g., Ellonen et al., 2011; Makkonen et al., 2014; Prescott, 2014). This article explores the interplay of these procedural dimensions employing a longitudinal case study of Axel Springer, a leading media corporation that has exercised dynamic capabilities to convert from a print publisher to an internet company.
    keywords: e b; e c; e d; e e; e l; e p; e r; e s; e ss; e t; e u; g e; h e; k e; m e; n d; n e; n g; n n; n t; o n; u n
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        item: #307 of 366
          id: jbs-415
      author: Abed, Fabian; Büttgen, Marion
       title: Should Corporation Care about Negative Brand Publicity? Understanding the Impact of Negative Brand Publicity on Employees' Corporate Brand Pride
        date: 2022-05-10
       words: 10789
      flesch: 52
     summary: Based on earlier findings of Kraemer et al. (2020) and Lythreatis et al. (2019), we assume that corporate brand pride is a strong intrinsic motiva- tor leading to WOM and employee referrals due to various reasons. As turnover intention is in general known as a form of loyalty, similar to WOM and employee referrals, we expect em- ployees with higher levels of corporate brand pride to show stronger brand supporting behavior: Hypothesis 4a.
    keywords: b ra; brand; brand pride; brand publicity; d p; employees; journal; n d; o n; o ra; pride; publicity; ra n
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        item: #308 of 366
          id: jbs-42
      author: Penney, Christopher
       title: Alliance Portfolio Diversity and Dominant Logic Theory
        date: 2018-03-15
       words: 6360
      flesch: 38
     summary: I submit that researchers and practitioners should be able to predict the type of alliance portfolio diversity firms will engage by exploring the structure (i.e., the firm’s dominant logic[s]). Two central questions remain: why are some firms are better at managing alliance portfolio diversity than others, and does the form of alliance portfolio diversity matter?
    keywords: alliance; alliance portfolio; diversity; firm; logic; performance; portfolio; portfolio diversity
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        item: #309 of 366
          id: jbs-421
      author:  Jahr, Michael; Mynarek, Felix
       title: Integrating Informal Learning into Deployment Planning and Project Scheduling
        date: 2022-05-10
       words: 8389
      flesch: 50
     summary: However, Scenarios 3 and 4, which emphasize informal learning activities in later phases, outperform those with informal learning in earlier stages (sce- narios 2 and 5). For businesses, it is important to channel informal learning activities, make knowledge available to the entire organization, and build competencies (Zhang et al., 2020).
    keywords: activities; business; jahr; job; journal; learning; management; mynarek; project; quality; research; resource; scheduling; strategies; time
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        item: #310 of 366
          id: jbs-429
      author: Seiferlein, Benedict; Kanbach, Dominik
       title: Business Model Innovation through Open Innovation: Empirical Evidence from the Automotive Industry
        date: 2023-03-29
       words: 7996
      flesch: 45
     summary: Therefore, we ask the research question: How does OI influence BMI in new ventures? Abstract Although open innovation (OI) has been characterized as one key driver for business model innovation (BMI), the literature lacks an in-depth understanding of how OI influences the business models (BM) of new ventures.
    keywords: bmi; business; business model; customer; data; et al; industry; innovation; journal; management; model; research; value; ventures
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        item: #311 of 366
          id: jbs-43
      author: Maguire, Karen; Gade, Mary; <akamu, Francis
       title: Oklahoma Oil and Natural Gas Severance Taxes: A Comparative Analysis
        date: 2018-03-15
       words: 7110
      flesch: 53
     summary: The state has provided natural gas tax incentives since 1989 in the form of an exemption for production of gas with higher drilling costs (“high cost gas”) and inactive wells, both for a period of ten years. Firms can respond, however, by altering the level and timing of extraction as state tax policy changes.
    keywords: development; drilling; gas; number; oil; oklahoma; permits; policy; production; resource; state; tax; texas
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        item: #312 of 366
          id: jbs-436
      author: Gilley, K. Matthew; Mayer, Roger; Walters, Bruce; Dess, Gregory; Olson, Bradley
       title: CEO Trustworthiness: Its Antecedents and Effects on Corporate Governance: CEO Trustworthiness: Its Antecedents and Effects on Corporate Governance
        date: 2022-12-16
       words: 12145
      flesch: 51
     summary: Our theoretical development suggests that agency theory’s difficulties in explaining corporate governance may be the result of researchers’ failure to incorporate CEO trustworthiness into their models. In addition, we propose that the board’s percep- tion of CEO trustworthiness affects the degree to which the board is willing to put itself and the firm at risk through the firm’s governance structure.
    keywords: ability; board; business; ceo; ceo trustworthiness; ceos; directors; et al; firm; governance; integrity; journal; management; perceptions; performance; theory; trustworthiness
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        item: #313 of 366
          id: jbs-44
      author: Fox, Corey 
       title: Risk Management Lessons From The Financial Crisis: A Textual Analysis of The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission's Report
        date: 2018-03-15
       words: 9673
      flesch: 52
     summary: Keywords: Financial crisis; Risk management; Risk management failure; Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission; FCIC “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” An area that continues to receive attention is the failure of risk management in financial firms at the heart of the crisis.
    keywords: business; commission; compensation; crisis; failures; firms; journal; management; managers; passages; report; research; risk; risk management; study
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        item: #314 of 366
          id: jbs-442
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy; Fowler, Jie
       title: Personal and Social Determinants of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) in Younger Consumers
        date: 2023-02-20
       words: 7601
      flesch: 52
     summary: Social media usage Rapp et al. (2013) created this scale, consisting of ten, seven-point items from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” to measure how much someone uses social media to stay current with brands, re- tailers, and consumers. Reliability coefficients Items Coefficient alpha Social media usage 0.90I use social media to follow sales and promotions.
    keywords: concept; consumer; et al; fear; fomo; identity; individuals; innovativeness; journal; media; self; smartphone; usage; use
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        item: #315 of 366
          id: jbs-45
      author: Stunda, Ronald 
       title: The Stock Price Effect of Emerging From Bankruptcy and The Associated Effect of Switching Auditors Post Bankruptcy… An Industry Analysis
        date: 2017-10-15
       words: 7028
      flesch: 53
     summary: The study assesses various equilibrium models and discovers that industry firms with higher leverage and risk are more apt to ultimately switch auditors. Table 7 indicates that there is no real consistency among industry firms when the auditor is retained after Chapter 11 emergence, except that high growth industry firms may possess a greater advantage 90 Journal of Business Strategies over low growth industry firms, most likely as a result of their inherent growth component.
    keywords: auditors; bankruptcy; chapter; earnings; environment; firms; industry; post; pre; price; sox; stock
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        item: #316 of 366
          id: jbs-457
      author: Raschke, Christian
       title: From the Editor
        date: 2022-12-16
       words: 412
      flesch: 56
     summary: This means that we no longer wait to accumulate several articles into an issue before publication. Between Jan- uary 2022 and December 2022, our total monthly readership (i.e. downloads of full text articles) has increased five-fold!
    keywords: journal
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        item: #317 of 366
          id: jbs-46
      author: Rahman, Matiur  ; Mustafa, Muhammad
       title: Empirics of The Traditional Phillips Curve: Evidence From 1930-2016
        date: 2017-10-15
       words: 4374
      flesch: 57
     summary: Malinov and Sommers (1997), and Turner and Seghezzea (1999) both employ Seemingly Unrelated Estimation method and confirm Phillips curve relation. On the death of Phillips curve.
    keywords: curve; inflation; journal; phillips; phillips curve; rate; relation; run; test; unemployment; variables
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        item: #318 of 366
          id: jbs-47
      author: Breazeale, Jonathan  
       title: Real Estate Investment Decision I: Commercial Office Property Acquisitions
        date: 2017-10-15
       words: 4194
      flesch: 55
     summary: Office properties comprise approximately 19% of the total value of assets owned by REITs - making them the largest property type in which REITs are invested (National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, 2007). Volume 34, Number 2 111 REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT DECISIONS I: COMMERCIAL OFFICE PROPERTY ACQUISITIONS Jonathan Breazeale Sam Houston State University • Huntsville, TX CASE DESCRIPTION The primary subject matter of this case concerns the financial analysis of the acquisition of a commercial office property.
    keywords: estate; investment; management; market; office; property; rate; reits; rental; tenants; year
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        item: #319 of 366
          id: jbs-48
      author: Taneja, Sonia ; Atinc, Guclu; Pryor, Mildred
       title: Strategic Reorientation In Failing Firms: The CEO Perspective
        date: 2017-10-15
       words: 7294
      flesch: 50
     summary: 130 Journal of Business Strategies PROPOSITIONS The effect of new CEO power on strategic change According to Carpenter (2000), strategic change is comprised of two components. In this paper, our focus is on CEO changes in failing firms.
    keywords: board; ceo; ceos; change; discretion; finkelstein; firm; hambrick; journal; management; management journal; new; organization; performance; power
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        item: #320 of 366
          id: jbs-49
      author: Willner, Jonathan  ; Dean, Kyle; Evans, Russell
       title: Thunder Up The Taxes!
        date: 2017-03-15
       words: 4488
      flesch: 53
     summary: Volume 34, Number 1 THUNDER UP THE TAXES! Kyle Dean Oklahoma City University • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Russell Evans Oklahoma City University • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Jonathan Willner Oklahoma City University • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma ABSTRACT Oklahoma City taxpayers approved a 1% sales tax to raise an estimated $120 million for improvements to lure the Seattle Supersonics, now the Oklahoma City Thunder. As a relocation incentive, Oklahoma City residents agreed to continue a 1% temporary sales tax to fund improvements to the then “Ford Center” arena and to fund the construction of a new team practice facility.
    keywords: city; coates; economic; effect; franchise; growth; journal; oklahoma; sales; sports; tax; year
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        item: #321 of 366
          id: jbs-51
      author: Rende, Sevinc 
       title: Foreign Aid Allocation: A Neural Network Approach
        date: 2017-03-15
       words: 6616
      flesch: 53
     summary: Rather than seeking to uncover the causal relationships, I examine foreign aid and its relation to structural indicators in aid dependent countries using a special type of artificial neural networks, known as Kohonen maps. The main competing explanations for the variations in aid allocation are donor-related parameters and the institutional environment in aid recipient countries.
    keywords: aid; countries; data; development; economic; growth; indicators; input; journal; kohonen; maps; node; recipient
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        item: #322 of 366
          id: jbs-52
      author: Tuttle, M.H.; Hegwood, Natalie
       title: Conventional Mortgage Interest Rate and The Effective Federal Funds Rate Pass-Through
        date: 2017-03-15
       words: 5978
      flesch: 55
     summary: Our findings show that the 60 Journal of Business Strategies mortgage interest rate responds symmetrically to federal funds rate changes in the long run to changes, which supports Payne’s findings (2006a and 2007). Changes in monetary policy through effective federal funds rate changes affect market rates of interest.
    keywords: changes; federal; funds rate; interest rate; mortgage interest; results; run; table
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        item: #323 of 366
          id: jbs-53
      author: Wozniak, Jeffrey; Bellah, Jeremy; Riley, Jason
       title: Building A Community Garden: A Collaborative Cross-Disciplinary Academic Community Engagement Project
        date: 2016-10-15
       words: 6998
      flesch: 47
     summary: Leveraging Bellah’s (2014) model, we propose using students in a decision science course (project management, operations management, etc.) Quantitative Analysis The survey instrument was designed to compare differences between project-based and lecture-based classes and determine what students learned about operations management, project management, and environmental sciences (see Appendix 1).
    keywords: business; class; community; course; education; garden; journal; learning; management; project; science; service; students; university
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        item: #324 of 366
          id: jbs-55
      author: Moore, Evan; Francisco, James
       title: Optimizing Manufacturer Profit In Downstream Retail Markets Under Conditions of Uncertainty
        date: 2016-10-15
       words: 4719
      flesch: 45
     summary: Derivations for mixed objective function retailers operating with various manufacturer incentives The derivations in this section follow a similar set of steps for each of the 3 sales incentive schemes. Table 4 Equilibrium Results With Per Unit Incentives That Are A Function of All Retailer’s Sales Variable Pure Profit Max Mixed Objective Function Retailer’s Price Retailer’s Sale Manufacturer’s Price Retailer’s Profit Manufacturer’s Profit Lambda NA The use of a per unit incentive that is a function of all retailer sales can lead to manufacturer profits equal to those of the manufacturer selling directly to the final consumers with no additional retailing costs.
    keywords: function; manufacturer; profit; results; retailer; sales
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        item: #325 of 366
          id: jbs-56
      author: Ozcan, Burcu
       title: The Nexus of Immigration and Economic Conditions In Australia
        date: 2016-10-15
       words: 5001
      flesch: 48
     summary: Immigration unemployment relationship the evidence from Canada. The economic conditions (unemployment level and income level) appear to affect immigration inflows to Australia.
    keywords: australia; capita; causality; gdp; immigrants; immigration; journal; labor; rate; test; unemployment
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        item: #326 of 366
          id: jbs-59
      author: Pakusch, Christina; Peren, Franz; Shakoor, Markus
       title: The PCI - A Global Risk Index For The Simultaneous Assessment of Macro and Company Individual Investment Risks
        date: 2016-10-15
       words: 5178
      flesch: 48
     summary: For the implementation of investments companies often need additional capital. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is the financial participation by an investor in a company located in another country that aims to have a lasting impact on the management of that company.
    keywords: company; country; environment; investment; location; market; pci; points; production; risk; sum
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        item: #327 of 366
          id: jbs-60
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy; Gupta, Sanjay
       title: Brand Loyalty and Store Loyalty For Consumers Purchasing A Product Warranty In A Health Care Setting: An Investigation of The Differences Across Gender, Age, and Income Groups
        date: 2016-03-15
       words: 4780
      flesch: 57
     summary: Keywords: product warranty, healthcare, brand loyalty, store loyalty INTRODUCTION An investigation of consumer product warranties as market signals of product reliability.
    keywords: brand; business; consumer; income; journal; loyalty; marketing; patients; product; purchase; store; warranty
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        item: #328 of 366
          id: jbs-61
      author: Horner, Stephen; Baack, Daniel; Baack, Donald
       title: The Role of Psychic Distance In Internationalization Strategy Evaluations and Strategic Choices
        date: 2016-03-15
       words: 12241
      flesch: 43
     summary: It offers a background and conceptual framework of psychic distance, which stresses individual experience as part of the process. The concept of psychic distance, which appears frequently in the international business literature, applies to a variety of theoretical models that relate to this strategic management concern, especially with regard to internationalization strategies and strategic choice processes.
    keywords: business; business distance; choice; country; differences; distance; entry; experience; factors; firm; foreign; individual; journal; knowledge; level; management; market; national; perceptions; studies
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        item: #329 of 366
          id: jbs-62
      author: Collins, Jamie; Reutzel, Christopher
       title: Entrepreneurial Strategies For Emerging Markets
        date: 2016-03-15
       words: 6412
      flesch: 37
     summary: Foreign investors in emerging market entrepreneurial firms typically come from home countries with stronger economic institutions. Volume 32, Number 2 51 ENTREPRENEURIAL STRATEGIES FOR EMERGING MARKETS Jamie D. Collins Sam Houston State University • Huntsville, TX Christopher R. Reutzel Sam Houston State University • Huntsville, TX ABSTRACT This study involves an investigation into the strategies utilized by entrepreneurial firms in India.
    keywords: baumol; business; entrepreneurship; firms; india; journal; management; markets; number; performance; strategies
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        item: #330 of 366
          id: jbs-63
      author: Bendickson, Josh ; Solomon, Shelby
       title: Generating Press, Bold Ideas, and Stubbornness: The Impact of Celebrity CEO's
        date: 2016-03-15
       words: 12312
      flesch: 59
     summary: Our purpose is to investigate and discuss the impact of celebrity CEOs. Subsequently, celebrity CEOs are vulnerable to becoming rigid in their business strategy and also fixate on increasing firms’ corporate social responsibility operatives, both of which are enhanced by narcissism.
    keywords: business; c eo; celebrity; celebrity ceo; ceo; ceos; e c; e m; eo s; firm; media; status; success
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        item: #331 of 366
          id: jbs-64
      author: Lilly, Juliana; Virick, Meghna; Wipawayangkool, Kamphol
       title: Recency Effects In Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Impact of Coping Style
        date: 2015-10-15
       words: 15318
      flesch: 62
     summary: At time 2, there was a negative interaction between interpersonal justice time 2 and approach on OCBI at time 2 (b = -.12, p < .05), but not on OCBO at time 2 (b = -.08, ns). At time 3, there was a negative interaction between interpersonal justice time 3 and approach on OCBI at time 3 (b = -.14, p < .05), but not on OCBO at time 3 (b = -.08, ns).
    keywords: approach; avoidance; effect; fairness; informational; interpersonal; journal; justice; justice perceptions; management; ocb; ocbi; perceptions; time; uncertainty
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        item: #332 of 366
          id: jbs-65
      author: Pettengill, Glenn; Lander, Diane
       title: Response of The Cost of Equity To Leverage: An Alternative Perspective
        date: 2015-10-15
       words: 11405
      flesch: 61
     summary: Volume 32, Number 2 133 Figure 1: Sketch of Cost of Capital Versus Leverage F in a n ci n g C o st Percentage of debt financing0% 100% Kd Ke WACC Of course, these are not the only topics that an instructor may wish to cover when discussing a corporation’s decision between issuing debt or equity. These firms should experience bankruptcy and a return of -100%.
    keywords: bankruptcy; cost; debt; earnings; equity; firm; leverage; market; return; risk; value; year
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        item: #333 of 366
          id: jbs-66
      author: Stretcher, Robert
       title: Net Present Value: A Case Study
        date: 2015-10-15
       words: 2417
      flesch: 61
     summary: Because of the unfamiliarity of 3d printing technology and the range of possible sales, Mark planned to carry out a simulation for the net present value of the project. The simulation was similar to other NPV analyses he had carried out in the past.
    keywords: deviation; exhibit; mark; sales; std; year
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        item: #334 of 366
          id: jbs-67
      author: Mahanta, Ratual; Das, Daisy
       title: Vulnerability To Poverty: A Survey
        date: 2021-09-23
       words: 7881
      flesch: 54
     summary: Instead of estimating household vulnerability for only the next period i.e t +1 , Pritchett et al. (2000) extends the time horizon and assume that a household may be vulnerable at any time over a relatively long span of time. Estimating household vulnerability to poverty from cross section data: an empirical evidence from Ghana.
    keywords: approach; chaudhuri; consumption; data; dercon; household; income; journal; poverty; risk; shocks; vulnerability
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        item: #335 of 366
          id: jbs-68
      author: Simmons, Garland
       title: Does Hedging Reduce Risk?
        date: 2015-03-15
       words: 7822
      flesch: 71
     summary: In an ex ante sense, a mean reversion model would necessarily produce ex- pectations on future jet fuel prices such that when jet fuel prices move above some price, then they are more likely to decline, and when jet fuel prices move below that same price then they are more likely to increase. Rank 2 is assigned to a state where jet fuel prices have increased, but the airline has hedged against higher jet fuel prices.
    keywords: airline; costs; delta; fuel; fuel prices; hedge; hedging; jet; jet fuel; prices; rival
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        item: #336 of 366
          id: jbs-69
      author: Bressler, Martin; Von Bergen, C. W.
       title: Active Waiting As Business Strategy: Learning From The Serengeti Plains
        date: 2015-03-15
       words: 7678
      flesch: 59
     summary: Other such managers build “think time” into their schedules. Fast action enables both people and organizations to survive and flourish.
    keywords: action; alternatives; business; decision; journal; making; management; managers; new; thinking; time; waiting; york
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        item: #337 of 366
          id: jbs-70
      author: Stunda, Ronald 
       title: Institutional Differences of Information Content On Voluntary Earnings Releases In The U.S. and Canada
        date: 2015-03-15
       words: 4664
      flesch: 53
     summary: This is important for two reasons: 1. Canada is the closest North American country to the U.S. to adopt IFRS reporting standards, and therefore serves as a good standard for what may be on the horizon for U.S. firms, 42 Journal of Business Strategies 2: IFRS adoption has an impact on the increased frequency of both new and revised voluntary earnings forecasts [Balakrihnan, Li, and Yang (2014)]. These are the acts that, in essence, provided litigation relief for U.S. firms filing voluntary earnings forecasts.
    keywords: accounting; canadian; earnings; firms; forecasts; journal; news; u.s
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        item: #338 of 366
          id: jbs-71
      author: Rahman, Matiur  ; Mustafa, Muhammad
       title: Dynamic Effects of U.S. Budget Deficit and Labor Productivity - Real Wage Gap On Stock Market Performance
        date: 2015-03-15
       words: 5224
      flesch: 57
     summary: The net effect of the budget deficits on stock market returns is confounding and uncertain through interest rate and price channels depending on the methods of financing. Volume 32, Number 1 65 CONCLUSIONS To summarize, time series data on stock market return, Federal annual real budget deficit as ratio of corresponding annual real GDP and labor productivity-real wage gap are nonstationary in levels and reveal I(1) behavior.
    keywords: budget; deficits; journal; labor; market; prices; productivity; real; relationship; run; stock; variables; wage
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        item: #339 of 366
          id: jbs-72
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy; Fowler, Jie
       title: Marketization and Its Impact On The Functional Focus, Relational Focus, and Character of Guanxi Ties
        date: 2014-10-15
       words: 11365
      flesch: 56
     summary: These are among the reasons that weaker guanxi ties are apt to have important roles in the increasingly market-oriented Chinese economy and why guanxi ties are apt to be weaker in Stage 3 than in earlier stages. It explains the functional focus, relational focus, and character of guanxi ties, and how managers are likely to use guanxi for strategic purposes at various marketization stages.
    keywords: business; china; firms; guanxi; guanxi ties; information; journal; managers; marketing; marketization; marketization stages; marketplace; new; number; persons; relationships; stage; ties; use
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        item: #340 of 366
          id: jbs-73
      author: Ortiz, Daniel; Miles, Grant
       title: The Effect of Inter-partner Relatedness On Stock Market Reactions To Joint Venture Announcements: Differences Between Manufacturing and Marketing Deals
        date: 2014-10-15
       words: 9342
      flesch: 55
     summary: For example, the lack of similarity or complementarity among resources, found at low levels of relatedness between the partners suggests that the association between joint venture partner relatedness and the stock market reactions to the announcement of the joint venture is likely to be low for manufacturing as well as for marketing deals. Independent variable: Joint venture partner relatedness.
    keywords: announcement; firms; inter; journal; management; manufacturing; market; marketing; partners; relatedness; resources; stock; stock market; venture
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        item: #341 of 366
          id: jbs-74
      author: Harris, Michael; Aaron, Joshua; McDowell, William; Cline, Brandon
       title: Optimal CEO Incentive Contracts: A Prospect Theory Explanation
        date: 2014-10-15
       words: 7120
      flesch: 52
     summary: In the following section, we differentiate prospect theory from utility theory and apply prospect theory to the context of executive compensation. Our findings support the use of prospect theory to develop a stronger understanding of executive compensation, and help set the stage for future research in this arena.
    keywords: compensation; executive; firm; incentive; model; ownership; performance; prospect; relationship; risk; theory
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        item: #342 of 366
          id: jbs-75
      author: Van Fleet, David; Wang, Chao-Shih; Van Fleet, Ella
       title: Social Networking As A Strategy For Improving Food Safety: A Pilot Study
        date: 2014-10-15
       words: 7481
      flesch: 63
     summary: While more research is needed, the results suggest that, although the primary users of social media are young and well-educat- ed adults, social media networking can play an important role in the rapid dissemina- tion of food recall notices and other preventive information in a message form that is more likely to be read or heard. This paper presents a pilot study using responses from an online survey to explore the feasibility of using social media to enhance the current food safety system in the U.S.
    keywords: age; food; group; information; journal; management; media; networks; recall; safety; scenario; table; use
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        item: #343 of 366
          id: jbs-76
      author: Alltizer, Richard; Swanson, Zane
       title: Cash Position Forecasts Pre and Post The 2008 Market Crash
        date: 2014-03-15
       words: 5160
      flesch: 63
     summary: The articles discuss, at points in time, a trend over three decades of increasing cash holdings which doubled from 1980 through 2006. Our Figure 1 il- lustrates an increasing trend in the ratio of cash holdings to total assets.
    keywords: cash; firm; forecasting; market; model; t-1; variable; year
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        item: #344 of 366
          id: jbs-77
      author: Rahman, Matiur  ; Mustafa, Muhammad; Caples, Stephen
       title: Influences of Unemployment Rates and S&P 500 Movements On Eight Selected U.S. Casino Stock Performances
        date: 2014-03-15
       words: 6579
      flesch: 72
     summary: Both papers thus underscore the importance of the inclusion of unemployment in this study relating to stock market returns. The estimates depict weakly positive and somewhat mixed causal influences of changes in unemployment rates on changes in casino stock returns.
    keywords: casino; changes; gaming; journal; market; returns; stock; unemployment; variables
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        item: #345 of 366
          id: jbs-78
      author: Frank, Mark
       title: A New State-Level Panel of Annual Inequality Measures Over The Period 1916-2005
        date: 2014-03-15
       words: 8286
      flesch: 62
     summary: The avail- ability of this new panel may prove useful to empirical researchers interested in all aspects of income inequality, particularly given the panel’s unusually large number of both time-series and cross-sectional observations INTRODUCTION Current empirical research on income inequality has benefited primarily from the construction of two prior income inequality data sets: the international panel of Deininger and Squire (1996), and the U.S time-series data of Piketty and Saez (2003).
    keywords: data; income; income inequality; inequality; level; measures; panel; state; u.s
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        item: #346 of 366
          id: jbs-79
      author: Blackburne, Edward; Bumpass, Donald
       title: Estimation of Consumption Elasticities For OECD Countries: Testing Price Asymmetry With Alternative Dynamic Panel Data Techniques
        date: 2014-03-15
       words: 16318
      flesch: 66
     summary: Fr an ce - 0. 11 2 - 0. 57 2 - 0. 16 2 - 0. 18 7 - 5. 09 E- 05 0 .0 02 34 - 0. 00 01 5 1 .1 43 ** - 1. 26 3 (0 .0 84 8) (0 .4 42 ) (0 .3 68 ) (0 .3 29 ) (0 .0 31 2) (0 .0 75 ) (0 .0 54 1) (0 .4 46 ) (1 .1 11 ) G er m an y - 0. 17 2 - 0. 17 5 0 .0 31 1 - 0. 00 48 6 - 0. 00 73 5 - 0. 07 88 - 0. 04 59 1 .4 82 ** * - 2. 18 8 (0 .1 05 ) (0 .1 27 ) (0 .1 64 ) (0 .1 03 ) (0 .0 29 6) (0 .0 69 9) (0 .0 51 8) (0 .3 59 ) (1 .3 88 ) G re ec e - 0. 11 3 - 0. 12 5 - 0. 43 4 - 0. 34 3 - 0. 00 27 7 0 .1 64 ** * 0 .0 66 8 0 .7 04 ** * - 1. 48 3 (0 .0 96 7) (0 .2 84 ) (0 .5 53 ) (0 .2 57 ) (0 .0 29 4) (0 .0 62 2) (0 .0 47 1) (0 .2 31 ) (1 .3 94 ) H un ga ry - 0. 31 0* * 0 .0 72 1 - 0. 14 1 0 .1 38 - 0. 03 57 0 .0 43 6 0 .0 59 0 .1 84 - 4. 34 9* (0 .1 49 ) (0 .1 15 ) (0 .1 51 ) (0 .0 88 1) (0 .0 45 6) (0 .1 08 ) (0 .0 84 2) (0 .2 81 ) (2 .2 2) Ic el an d - 0. 37 8* * - 0. 20 5* - 0. 06 17 - 0. 19 6 - 0. 00 11 3 0 .0 16 4 0 .1 96 - 0. 30 8 -4 .5 73 ** (0 .1 59 ) (0 .1 07 ) (0 .2 25 ) (0 .1 45 ) (0 .0 81 6) (0 .1 81 ) (0 .1 4) (0 .4 34 ) (2 .0 15 ) Po la nd 0. 04 35 0. 21 3 - 0. 25 5 - 0. 38 2 - 0. 00 55 2 0 .0 13 2 - 0. 02 62 0 .9 10 ** * 0. 68 8 (0 .0 95 8) (0 .4 36 ) (1 .4 53 ) (1 .3 14 ) (0 .0 34 9) (0 .0 86 4) (0 .0 69 1) (0 .1 82 ) (1 .4 87 ) Po rtu ga l - 0. 47 3* ** 0 .0 75 0 .0 73 7 - 0. 19 0* * 0 .0 10 1 - 0. 09 99 0 .0 14 3 0 .0 64 6 -6 .7 85 ** * (0 .1 73 ) (0 .0 64 5) (0 .1 32 ) (0 .0 79 6) (0 .0 56 9) (0 .1 43 ) (0 .1 07 ) (0 .4 03 ) (2 .5 41 ) Sp ai n -0 .0 51 7 - 0. 63 0 .0 58 4 - 0. 4 0 .0 36 1 - 0. 03 74 0 .0 60 8 0 .5 64 - 0. 57 6 (0 .1 24 ) (1 .9 27 ) (1 .2 26 ) (1 .3 93 ) (0 .0 39 6) (0 .1 02 ) (0 .0 71 8) (0 .5 28 ) (1 .7 68 ) Sw ed en - 0. 22 5 - 0. 20 4 0 .0 55 9 0 .1 58 - 0. 00 31 7 - 0. 04 33 0 .0 15 0 .2 99 - 2. 70 6 (0 .1 56 ) (0 .1 29 ) (0 .2 42 ) (0 .1 69 ) (0 .0 55 5) (0 .1 32 ) (0 .0 98 5) (0 .5 64 ) (1 .9 21 ) Sw itz er la nd - 0. 61 8* ** -0 .0 83 3* ** -0 .0 05 06 0 .0 43 6 - 0. 02 18 - 0. 00 36 3 - 0. 13 7* * 0 .4 27 -7 .9 10 ** * (0 .1 73 ) (0 .0 29 5) (0 .0 55 6) (0 .0 33 5) (0 .0 39 4) (0 .0 81 1) (0 .0 63 1) (0 .2 68 ) (2 .2 63 ) Tu rk ey -0 .2 31 ** - 0. 12 3 - 0. 15 8 - 0. 21 3* - 0. 03 17 0 .0 27 1 0 .0 39 6 0 .6 75 ** * - 3. 33 3* (0 .1 11 ) (0 .1 51 ) (0 .1 93 ) (0 .1 17 ) (0 .0 40 1) (0 .0 97 9) (0 .0 77 9) (0 .2 12 ) (1 .7 19 ) U ni te d K in g- do m - 0. 76 8* ** -0 .1 50 ** * - 0. 05 71 - 0.
    keywords: demand; group; mean; model; oil; price; run
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        item: #347 of 366
          id: jbs-80
      author: Carter, William; Davis, Phillip; Herchen, Julia; Chandna, Vallari
       title: Pitfalls and Paradoxes: Coping With The Capabilities-Rigidities Dilemma In Whole Networks
        date: 2013-10-15
       words: 8332
      flesch: 41
     summary: Whole network members do not individually exchange inputs for payment and profit via intra-network transactions; they contribute inputs toward an allocation of appropriated profit of the composite production system when the outputs are sold in the market. Whole networks are an example of such organizations.
    keywords: business; capabilities; exploitation; firms; governance; journal; management; members; network; new; organizations; relationships; review; theory; trust; value
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        item: #348 of 366
          id: jbs-81
      author: Peters, Richard; Golden, Peggy
       title: Stakeholder Networks and Strategy: The Influence of Network Consistency and Network Diversity On Firm Performance
        date: 2013-10-15
       words: 8636
      flesch: 44
     summary: Further, because of heterogeneity present in diverse stakeholder networks, potential imitators must invest in multiple, differentiated skills, technology and knowledge to be successful at complete CR imitation. The former effect is premised on the ability of these constructs to foster greater and more positive flows of reputational equity from firm stakeholders.
    keywords: business; consistency; data; diversity; firm; journal; management; network; network consistency; network diversity; performance; relationship; reputation; stakeholder; strategies
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        item: #349 of 366
          id: jbs-82
      author: Thompson, Peter; Shanley, Mark; McWilliams, Abagail
       title: Ownership Culture and Strategic Adaptability
        date: 2013-10-15
       words: 13231
      flesch: 52
     summary: 145 Journal of Business Strategies OWNERSHIP CULTURE AND STRATEGIC ADAPTABILITY Peter B. Thompson University of Illinois at Chicago • Chicago, Il Mark Shanley University of Illinois at Chicago • Chicago, Il Abagail McWilliams University of Illinois at Chicago • Chicago, Il ABSTRACT Although abundant evidence demonstrates a positive relationship between employee ownership and firm performance, two questions remain unanswered: why does employee ownership fail to enhance the performance of some adopting firms, and what are the mechanisms by which employee ownership enhances perfor- mance? We argue that employee ownership has the potential to enable managers to shape organizational culture in support of firm strategy.
    keywords: business; companies; culture; employee; employee ownership; esop; firm; individual; journal; kruse; level; management; motivation; ownership; ownership culture; participation; performance; stock; strategies
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        item: #350 of 366
          id: jbs-83
      author: Xie, Xaunli; O'Neill, Hugh
       title: Boards As Resource Providers and Monitors For Research and Development
        date: 2013-10-15
       words: 8583
      flesch: 53
     summary: Board diversity and board composition jointly affect board resource and control roles. Board control, remuneration committees, and top management compensation.
    keywords: behavior; board; board diversity; business; composition; control; directors; diversity; firm; innovation; intensity; journal; management; performance; r&d; resources
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        item: #351 of 366
          id: jbs-84
      author: Evans, Russell; Gade, Mary
       title: Distinguishing Between The Capital Tax View and The Benefit View of The Property Tax At The Local Level
        date: 2013-03-15
       words: 4827
      flesch: 48
     summary: In addition county collections, property tax levies serves as the primary source of funding for K-12 education as well as the state department of career and technology education. Clearly, this type of inspection requires some conclu- sion be reached as to property tax incidence.
    keywords: benefit; capital; city; districts; levy; property; property tax; school; tax; view
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        item: #352 of 366
          id: jbs-85
      author: Leach-Lopez, Maria
       title: Moderating Effect of Hofstede's Cultural Values On The Locus of Control/Job Performance Relationship of Managers In USA, Mexico, South Korea, and Hong Kong
        date: 2013-03-15
       words: 7105
      flesch: 52
     summary: The lone cultural value found to moderate the LOC and job performance relationship was Uncer- tainty Avoidance. Findings indicate that there is a stronger relationship between reported job performance and a manager’s personality versus the manager’s culture.
    keywords: control; culture; hofstede; job; job performance; journal; loc; locus; managers; performance; personality; relationship; values
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        item: #353 of 366
          id: jbs-86
      author: Stretcher, Robert; Johnson, Steve; Funck, Mary
       title: Shareholder Wealth Maximization Under Non-Constant Marginal Cost of Capital: Lifeway Science, Inc.
        date: 2013-03-15
       words: 5787
      flesch: 56
     summary: The capital expenditure decision is also traditionally thought of as separate from the funding of capital projects; that is, the cost of capital is con- sidered a given in expositions of capital budgeting decision criteria. The exact esti- mates for net cash inflows and project costs are presented in exhibits 2 through 6. 38 Journal of Business Strategies These projects fall into the traditional product/service lines that LSI had been managing for several years, and none of them represents a major expansion for the company.
    keywords: capital; cost; npv; projects
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        item: #354 of 366
          id: jbs-87
      author: Reisenwitz, Timothy; Fowler, Jie
       title: A Review of Interfirm Networks: A Deeper Understanding of The Relationship Paradigm
        date: 2013-03-15
       words: 27235
      flesch: 65
     summary: Furthermore, there are consequences of the interactions between and/or among network firms and that there will be effects of network change over time (evolutionary). Her recent work focuses on social networks, beauty appeals in advertising, and family dynamics/relationships in the marketplace.
    keywords: al e; al n; al s; ar e; ce s; d e; e m; e t; e w; es s; et w; io n; l c; l e; l l; l m; l n; l r; m ar; m n; m s; n et; na l; nd s; network; rm s; s el; s th; s tr; s w; tio n
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        item: #355 of 366
          id: jbs-88
      author: Weinzimmer, Laurence; Robin, Jennifer; Michel, Eric
       title: The Measurement of Strategic Orientation and Its Efficacy In Predicting Financial Performance
        date: 2012-10-12
       words: 6299
      flesch: 46
     summary: Using three studies, we develop a sur- vey measure of strategic orientation that is unidimensional, reliable, and predictive of financial performance. Our results support the notion that managers should both encourage and support behaviors and execute actions that are consistent with our measure of strategic orientation to create a coherent strategic approach, resulting in improved financial performance.
    keywords: business; culture; firm; growth; journal; management; measure; orientation; performance; research; study
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        item: #356 of 366
          id: jbs-89
      author: Atinc, Guclu; Liu, Yan;  Kroll, Mark; Walters, Bruce
       title: An Inquiry Into Chinese Initial Public Offerings From A Corporate Government Perspective
        date: 2012-10-12
       words: 9764
      flesch: 58
     summary: The following hypothesis summarizes this proposal: Hypothesis 3: Underpricing of IPOs in Chinese markets declined as the market matured through the three stages of development. The following hypothesis is based on this discussion: 106 Journal of Business Strategies Hypothesis 4: In Chinese markets, the impact of firm size on IPOs became more important as the market matured.
    keywords: chinese; companies; executives; firm; governance; investors; ipo; journal; management; market; ownership; performance; stage; underpricing
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        item: #357 of 366
          id: jbs-90
      author: Wijnen, Geri; Kemperman, Astrid; Janssen, Ingrid
       title: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Expatriates' Shopping Behavior
        date: 2012-10-12
       words: 10785
      flesch: 51
     summary: Shopping values are operationalised by using a recently developed extended classification of shopping values by Seo and Lee (2008) with which they investi- gated differences in perceived shopping value across social class. The relation between items such as shopping behaviour, shopping value, quality perception, and emotions on one hand and the shopping environment (Babin & Attaway, 2000; Stoel et al., 2002; Allard et al., 2009; Jackson et al., 2011; Masi- cotte et al., 2011) as well as retail atmospherics (Turley & Milliman, 2000; Michon Volume 29, Number 2 127 et al., 2005; Chebat & Morrin, 2007) on the other, only recently received more atten- tion.
    keywords: american; attributes; behaviour; british; business; consumer; culture; differences; expatriates; expats; japanese; journal; research; shopping; shopping behaviour; shopping centre; shopping value; study; values
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        item: #358 of 366
          id: jbs-91
      author: Yandava, Booma
       title: A Capability-Driven Turnaround Strategy For The Current Economic Environment
        date: 2012-10-12
       words: 9878
      flesch: 40
     summary: To formulate an adaptable strategic framework for successful turnaround in the wake of recent changes in economics and customer behaviors and preferences, a study to test the following research questions was conducted: (1) Does sustainable turnaround require a holistic approach with a strong focus on core business capabilities? (2) Is an effective operational strategy, with a coordinated approach, span- ning the entire value chain of a business, more critical for a successful turnaround, rather than a finance focused approach? Defining core business capabilities is critical for both short and long- term profitability because it further defines and influences other capabilities required for execution.
    keywords: analysis; business; capabilities; companies; core; customer; figure; financial; growth; journal; management; performance; profitability; strategies; strategy; study; talbots; term; turnaround; value
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        item: #359 of 366
          id: jbs-92
      author: Madlock, Paul
       title: The Influence of Supervisors' Leadership Style On Telecommuters
        date: 2012-03-15
       words: 8928
      flesch: 43
     summary: Overall, task oriented leadership style was found to be a greater predictor of communication competence, β = .27, p < .001, than was relational oriented leadership style β Results indicated that (R2 = .10) 10% of the variance in communi- cation competence was accounted for by task oriented leadership style, F(1, 155) = 16.24, p < .001, whereas (R2 = .15), 15% of the variance in communication compe- tence was accounted for by the model containing both task and relational leadership style, F(2, 154) = 14.54, p < .001.
    keywords: commitment; communication; communication satisfaction; competence; job; journal; leadership; leadership style; relational; research; satisfaction; task; telecommuters; telecommuting; work
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        item: #360 of 366
          id: jbs-93
      author: Cox, Marcus; Daspit, Josh; McLaughlin, Erin; Jones III, Raymond
       title: Strategic Management: Is It An Academic Discipline?
        date: 2012-03-15
       words: 6881
      flesch: 48
     summary: In closing, we consider the future direction of strategic management research and new research methods. One possible tool is DICTION, a content analysis program that may aid strategic management research by examining the impact that management narratives have on the financial and organizational performance of the firm (Short & Palmer, 2008).
    keywords: application; business; discipline; field; journal; management; management journal; paradigms; research; strategies; theory
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        item: #361 of 366
          id: jbs-94
      author: Moore, Evan; Boswell, James
       title: Welfare Enhancing Collusion In A Service Provision Model
        date: 2012-03-15
       words: 3733
      flesch: 59
     summary: DC Abstract This paper provides a model of service provision with homogeneous goods that allows for welfare comparisons between firms engaged in Cournot-type compe- tition and joint-profit maximization. An important factor in this analysis is the role of service provision on the demand for the product.
    keywords: collusion; firms; service; surplus
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        item: #362 of 366
          id: jbs-95
      author: Shin Moh, Wan; Rahnamamoghadam, Masha; Valcarcel, Victor
       title: An Examination of Uncovered Real Interest Rate Parity In 18 Distinct U.S. Manufacturing Industries
        date: 2012-03-15
       words: 11909
      flesch: 66
     summary: Thus, an empirical corollary of the theorem of real interest rate parity would entail answering the question: to 58 Journal of Business Strategies what degree do real interest rates co-move across countries? Dutton (1993) measures real interest rates in terms of trade to show evidence of parity.
    keywords: countries; data; differentials; exchange; index; industry; interest; interest rate; journal; parity; quarters; rate; trade
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        item: #363 of 366
          id: jbs-96
      author: Flint, Gerald; Van Fleet, David
       title: The Competitive Cohort: An Extension of Strategic Understanding
        date: 2011-10-15
       words: 10024
      flesch: 43
     summary: These and other studies clearly began to rec- ognize that strategic decision makers are humans who have emotions, particularly risk taking propensities, that need to be considered if we are to understand their de- cision making (e.g. Narayanan, Zane, & Kemmerer, 2011; Mathieu & Chen, 2011; Feigenbaum & Thomas, 2004; Shoham & Fiegenbaum, 2002; Lewicka, 1997). The central point, therefore, is an un- derstanding of the reference point used by strategic decision makers.
    keywords: advantage; cohort; concept; decision; firm; journal; making; management; organizations; performance; referent; research; theory
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        item: #364 of 366
          id: jbs-97
      author: Tse, Edison; Zhao, Wugang 
       title: Competition In Search Engine Market
        date: 2011-10-15
       words: 10314
      flesch: 68
     summary: Search engines hold the key to the wealth of information available on the Internet. Users spend a significant amount of time on search engines looking for relevant information (Gandal, 2001).
    keywords: chinese; engine; google; market; model; pages; platform; search; search engine; searchers; sites; users; web
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        item: #365 of 366
          id: jbs-98
      author: Le, Son; Kroll, Mark; Walters, Bruce
       title: Stages of Corporate Governance In Transition Economies
        date: 2011-10-15
       words: 9604
      flesch: 43
     summary: Stages of Corporate Governance in Transition Economies Son A. Le Louisiana Tech University • Ruston, LA Mark J. Kroll University of Texas at Brownsville • Brownsville, TX Bruce A. Walters Louisiana Tech University • Ruston, LA Abstract We develop a model of corporate governance stages in transition economies, including bureaucratic control-based; relational; and rule, market-based corporate governance. We suggest that, correspondingly, the prevalent mode of corporate governance likely shifts from bureaucratic control-based to relational corporate governance, then from relational to market-based corporate governance.
    keywords: control; economies; firms; governance; institutions; market; networks; power; relational; resources; stakeholders; state; transition
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        item: #366 of 366
          id: jbs-99
      author: McIntyre, David
       title: Network Intensity: Assessing The Strategic Value of Installed Base
        date: 2011-10-15
       words: 6461
      flesch: 51
     summary: Such effects tend to be indicative of “critical mass” in network industries, where firms are competed out of the market unless they achieve a certain level of installed base, after which they tend to enjoy stronger growth due to the benefits of network effects. Specifically, this study tests for significant differences in the impact of a product’s installed base on its growth in an industry influenced by network effects, application software.
    keywords: base; effects; growth; intensity; journal; network; network effects; product; segments; size; value
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