ISC Paper Template in A4 (V1)


Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

53 

 

The Implementation of Icloud System Based on Knowledge Sharing at The 

University of Maarif Hasyim Latih Sidoarjo 
 

Achmad Fathoni Rodli
 

 
Maarif Hasyim Latif University, Sidoarjo, Indonesia 

 E-mail: rector@umaha.ac.id 
 

 

Abstract. This article presents the results of the analysis on the development of knowledge sharing processes and 

absorbs knowledge sharing activity, it is to increase the ability of the head of Departement at the University of Maarif 

Hasyim Latif and in innovating and in managing the Departement. The role of Information Technology in 

accommodating the knowledge sharing process is the development of the activities of managing and absorbing science 

courses to improve performance and provide added value and a competitive advantage in improving the quality 

performance of the head of Departement.  Design research is to find out how the problems that arise in the process of 

knowledge sharing and absorbing. Data collected by the identification of issues related to knowledge management based 

on Information Technology at the University of Maarif Hasyim Latif through observation, interviews, and 

documentation. Results of this study were to prove that iCloud system model developed at the University of Maarif has 

been contributing to 1) the implementation of the knowledge sharing process of the development activity of sharing and 

absorbing knowledge at the University Maarif Hasyim Latif to improve the innovation of ability. 2) Information 

technology has a major role in supporting the process of knowledge sharing on the development and absorbs knowledge 

sharing activities. 

Keywords: Implementation iCloud System; Knowledge Sharing; Management of University 

 

 

I. INTRODUCTION 

University’s problem in Indonesia is the low level of 

strategic suitability. This problem comes from the gap 

between the demands of the environment and global 

competition with internal resources. Competitiveness of 

university tends to decline, threatening the position of 

excellence and sustainability Universities concerned. Thus, 

recognizing the increasingly severe competition in the era of 

globalization, it is necessary to change the paradigm of 

Higher Education which is based on the analysis of specific 

areas of science such as a tree industry, packaging 

knowledge, metadatabase, data mining, and the development 

of human resources. 

The existence of human resource management’s 

college became a challenge and the needs of the college and 

its stakeholders. Human resource management’s college is 

absolutely more focused job in terms of managing the entire 

potential of lecturers and minimized various its deficiency, 

so in the end, human resource management’s university is 

able to present professional of lecture profile in accordance 

with the mandate of assuming and Tri Dharma College. The 

performance of human resource management’s college is 

successfulness in developing the potential of lecturers, it 

means that the human resource management is able to 

empower the human resources component of higher 

education through optimal action of the factors forming the 

personal productivity of professors, lecturers, and functional 

groups. This is consistent with the opinion of Castetter states 

that development of management should be viewed as 

activities to enhance the ability of individuals and groups to 

make them more accountable in a shape system. 

Parameter development of lecturers in carrying out 

their duties and functions were not only viewed from the 

productivity of the implementation of tri dharma college, 

education and teaching, research and community service. In 

the way that three factors can also be seen from; a) education, 

b) functional position. To look it as objectively, the needs of 

human resource management of higher education becomes 

something that cannot be denied. Human Resource 

Management colleges must understand, how a lecturer runs 

academic activities and develops themselves in accordance 

with the nature of their duties and functions in implementing 

Tridharma college. 

University as an organization, but they have different 

characteristics with other organization. Gaspersz showed 

that there are at least four the concept of the nature of the 

college is the organization as producing qualified manpower 

(qualified manpower). In this sense, the higher education is a 

process and students are regarded as the output (output) that 

has a value or price (value) in the labor market, and 

successfulness is measured by the level of absorption of 

graduates in the community (employment rate) and is 

sometimes measured also by the level of the income they 

earn in his career [1]. College is one of the educational 

institutions that are formally given the task and 

mailto:rector@umaha.ac.id


Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

54 

 

responsibility for preparing students to be formed in 

accordance with the objectives of the national education 

community will be available to fill the needs of experts and 

skilled personnel with the level and types of capabilities are 

very diverse. 

Implementation of knowledge management in higher 

education becomes very urgent because college is a producer 

and dissemination science. As stated by Ramirez that the 

University is essential as a producer of knowledge. The most 

important output of a university is the knowledge that 

obtained through research, publications and students’ 

competent and productive in the application of what was 

gained to its stakeholders. 

A university is an organization in which knowledge is 

created and is used continuously and sustainably. Managing 

knowledge is actually how it is managing the staff, so that 

knowledge management is how people from different places 

started to talk to each other, which is now popular with the 

label learning organization. It is expected with the 

implementation of knowledge management system will be 

able to improve the performance of Higher Education so that 

it has a competitive advantage in the face of global 

competition. 

The development of knowledge within an 

organization is achieved through an understanding of the 

relationship process to change existing tacit knowledge into 

knowledge that is easily communicated and easily 

documented, as well as through the design of social 

processes by transferring tacit knowledge into explicit 

knowledge is to create a new knowledge. One of the 

knowledge that needs to be owned by the college is how 

(how to) properly manage existing academic information 

system, so as to support other activities related. As their 

routine activities in each semester is making of report as the 

annual report to Coordinator of College ( Kopertis) by any 

private college that is in the form submission Based Studies 

Program Evaluation Self Evaluation (EPSBED). 

Based on that idea, how is to apply the knowledge 

management in the management of higher education, 

especially in transferring tacit knowledge into explicit 

knowledge. This article will discuss the implementation of 

information systems (cloud system) to divert tacit 

knowledge into explicit knowledge for academic 

management at universities. 

A. Knowledge Management 
Knowledge management is a business process to 

acquire, manage, and communicate tacit knowledge or 

explicit knowledge so as other people are allowed to use 

them more effectively and productively. According to 

Gilbert Probst in his book Managing Knowledge Building 

Blocks for Success argued that knowledge is the whole part 

of the existing knowledge and skills of individuals who are 

used to solve the problem. Knowledge is divided into theory 

and practices are generally in the form of rules and 

instructions for taking a decision. Knowledge relies on data 

and information held by a personal reflecting on an opinion. 

Writing of knowledge management is a discipline that treats 

intellectual capital as assets under management. 

Management knowledge changes the experience and 

information into results [2]. Knowledge management is not a 

centralized database that contains all the information that is 

known by all the employees, but it is an idea to obtain a 

business inspiration from various sources. These sources 

include databases, websites, employees, business partners, 

and explore information wherever they may be. Meanwhile, 

according to Garner Group, knowledge management is a 

discipline that promotes an integrated approach to the 

identification, management, and distribution of all 

information assets of an organization. It was also stated that 

the information in question includes databases, documents, 

policies, and procedures as well as the expertise and 

experience previously articulated contained on individual 

workers. 

Intense competition in the global era, organizations 

need to be more effective and flexible in carrying out its 

functions. The Role of Knowledge Management is necessary 

to remember, Knowledge Management can help 

organizations to identify, to select, to organize, to distribute, 

and to transfer important information and expertise that is 

part of the organizational memory that normally lives in the 

organization in an unstructured [3]. In addition, Knowledge 

Management is able to carry out the process of identifying, 

obtaining, organizing, and disseminating of intellectual 

assets that are important for long-term performance of an 

organization [4], all were done with integration of 

knowledge that separates the organization into an application. 

This is in accordance with the opinion [5] which states that 

knowledge management extensively in the sense of 

managing knowledge as "... management of organizational 

knowledge for creating business value and generating a 

competitive advantage." KM provides the ability to create, 

communicate and apply knowledge necessary and useful for 

the achievement of all kinds of business objectives. [5] 

"Knowledge management is the ability to create and retain 

greater value from core business competencies." Knowledge 

management resolve business problems particular includes 

the creation and dissemination of goods or services, 

innovative, manage and improve relationships with 

customers, partners, and suppliers; also administer as well as 

improving work practices and processes. 

Managing organizational with knowledge 

management can improve an organization's ability to learn 

from their environment and incorporate knowledge into 

business processes Because, knowledge management is a set 

of processes that are developed in an organization to create, 

collect, preserve and disseminate knowledge of the 

organization. 

Knowledge management is as the basic for the setting 

of the company's knowledge and intellectual assets to 

improve the performance characteristics of the organization 

and adds value to act intelligently [3]. A knowledge 

management requires linkage of information with 

information, information with activities and information 

with humans to realize the sharing of knowledge [6]. 

 



Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

55 

 

 
 

Fig. 1  The Keys of Knowledge Management 

 

The basic of thought that pushes the development of 

the concept of Knowledge Management (KM) is the Data 

and Information are the fifth of important resource after 

Money, Material, Methods / Machine and Men that must be 

managed properly at the moment. The principle is born out 

of the theory which shows that the data and information is a 

basic source or raw material of Knowledge or the knowledge 

that is one of the key advantages of a college competition in 

globalization era. 

Therefore, its application is the utilization of 

Information and Communication Technology to locate, 

establish and deploy a variety of ideas, ideas, knowledge, 

and experience of one or a group of people or group of 

people more unity within the institution. The technology in 

question must allow two or multidirectional interaction 

between different human beings who are interested in 

exchanging knowledge and experience that he has, so that 

day by day the process of collection or enhancement of 

knowledge for each individual involved. Examples the 

application of information technology related to the concept 

is the Internet, Email / Mailing List, Corporate Portal, Web 

Collaboration, Teleconference, Chats, and others. 

In Knowledge Management are two kinds of 

knowledge, namely Tacit and Explicit (Explicit). Explicit 

Knowledge is knowledge that is stored in a data storage 

medium or information such as Document, Records, Report, 

Proof of Payment, photographs, and drawings. 

Tacit Knowledge is knowledge that is not clear 

because of its presence spread and embedded in various 

forms, such as a person's experience, dialogue, formal 

discussion, the process of taking decisions and thought. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B. Knowledge Management Phase 

 
Fig. 2 Management Phase 

 

Information society technologies (2002) defines 

knowledge management is a systematic and organized effort 

to use the knowledge in an organization. Knowledge 

management aims to transform the organization's ability to 

generate, store, and use knowledge in order to improve 

organizational performance through innovation ability and 

value creation. In short, organizational knowledge 

management aims to improve access and use again of 

knowledge to improve the competitive ability of an 

organization. From the various definitions of the above can 

be taken  the red line in knowledge management as follows: 

a. intellectual capital is an asset 
b. how the information could be something useful 
c. how to realize the sharing of knowledge 
d. how to improve the cooperation of learning resources to 

accelerate the flow of knowledge. 

Based on the study above, an organization that refers 

to universities is in applying knowledge management in this 

study emphasized on how to realize the sharing of 

information. 

C. Knowledge Sharing   
Knowledge management process is a process in which 

contains the process gain (discovering), the process of 

capturing knowledge (capturing), the process of knowledge 

sharing (sharing), and the process of applying knowledge 

(applying). There is four knowledge management process is 

supported by a Knowledge Management System. 

 

 



Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

56 

 

 
 

Fig. 3 Knowledge Management Components and Sub-elements 

. 

On the Knowledge Management component, the 

human factor is an important factor because there is to move 

management, especially in university management. The 

learning process is a management process that uses 

Knowledge Management. 

  

 

 

Fig. 4 Value Chain of Knowledge Management [7] 

Knowledge Sharing is a process in which the explicit 

or tacit knowledge is communicated and shared with others. 

There are three important things to note in knowledge 

sharing. First, the sharing of knowledge means effectively 

transfer knowledge so that the recipient can understand it 

pretty well. 

The second, what is shared that is knowledge and not 

recommendations based on knowledge; it had involved the 

receiver gain mutual knowledge and have the ability to take 

action based on such knowledge, while the latter only 

involves the utilization of knowledge without receiver 

internalization of knowledge together. 

The third, knowledge sharing can occur across 

individuals and groups, departments, or organizations. 

Knowledge sharing has two aspects contained in it, namely 

the aspect of exchange and socialization aspect. Aspects 

exchange is more focused on the explicit knowledge, 

whereas the socialization aspect is more likely to tacit 

knowledge. 

Knowledge sharing according to  Raskov as cited in 

[8], knowledge sharing between individuals within a 

community, where individuals interact and share the 

knowledge with other individuals via cyberspace or face to 

face.  

According [9] "knowledge sharing (knowledge 

transfer) requires that an individual or a group cooperate 

with others to share knowledge and Achieve mutual benefit". 

Knowledge Sharing is essentially an act of providing 

the knowledge needed by an individual or an organization 

[10]. Knowledge Sharing between individuals is the process 

whereby knowledge possessed by a person processed into a 

form that can be understood, absorbed and used by other 

individuals. In addition, knowledge sharing is an activity 

where knowledge (information, skills, and expertise) is 

exchanged for other people, friends, or even family 

members, and the community in an organization [11]. 

Knowledge sharing is not just giving something to 

someone else or gets something from them as a result of 

reciprocity. However, knowledge sharing happens when 

people are naturally drawn to help each other to build new 

competence and capacity to act. Thus, knowledge sharing is 

not something imposed or set up formally, but flow naturally 

and there is an element of willingness to help others for the 

sake of progress or achieve certain goals. Knowledge 

sharing is also mentioned the creation process of learning 

(lessons learned) [12]. It was intended for knowledge 

sharing, then the person will gain understanding, new insight 

to something, and the increase is one form of their learning. 

II. RESEARCH METHOD 

This research is an analysis on the development of 

knowledge sharing processes and absorbs knowledge sharing 

activity, Design research is to find out how the problems that 

arise in the process of knowledge sharing and absorbing. 

Data collected by the identification of issues related to 

knowledge management based on Information Technology 

at the University of Maarif Hasyim Latif through 

observation, interviews, and documentation.  

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 

The LANGITAN System Knowledge Sharing 

University of Maarif Hasyim Latif Sidoarjo has 

developed a system knowledge sharing that called Langitan. 

Langitan used cloud technology system with e-learning 

model. University of Maarif Hasyim Latif (Umaha) 

implements the idea of e-learning is able to be something 

more simple and accessible for people without seeing that if 

users need to know a lot of creating web pages, even by 

someone who does not have programming knowledge 

though. The concept of e-learning that developed is cheap 

and easy without programming background knowledge as it 

was not implemented by creating a CMS (Content 

Management System) but it designs like as gmail or yahoo 



Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

57 

 

mail service. Namely of creating an e-learning which 

behaves as a SaaS (Software as a Service) which is an 

application that is placed in the cloud, in terms of cloud 

computing. That is the scenario laid on infrastructure SaaS 

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).  

In the concept of e-learning based on these clouds, 

millions of people can create a classroom that is personal, 

inviting anyone to join in it, and implement learning 

activities, discussions, and so forth therein. SaaS e-learning 

can be established the mechanism by utilizing frameworks 

available in the Cloud so that it further enriches the freedom 

to connect with a variety of other SaaS applications in the 

Cloud world. 

 

 

 

Fig. 5 Knowledge Network Infrastructure 

E-Learning is a type of teaching learning process that 

allows transferring teaching materials for students using 

media Internet, Intranet or other computer network media. 

Elearning developed in Langitan system can access through 

various existing social media. Elearning modules are 

developed not only to learn but learning resources that can 

be utilized by students, faculty, and leadership. 

 

Fig. 6 Area Mapping 

Networks are built using various ways, there is linked 

between data sources, data management and lecturers and 

students. Models of knowledge sharing networks that exist 

on the system langitan as shown below. 

 

 
 

Fig. 7 Langitan System 

Langitan system developed by UMAHA using Cloud 

system. Cloud Computing used essentially Internet-based 

services to support the business process. The word "cloud" 

itself refers to a cloud symbol in the IT world is used to 

describe the Internet (Internet cloud). Cloud computing is 

the combined using of computer technology ( "computing") 

and the development of Internet-based ( 'cloud'). Cloud 

Computing is simply the "information technology services 

that can be used or accessed by customers through the 

Internet". Cloud computing is a general concept that includes 

SaaS, Web 2.0 and other recent technology trends is known 

with the common theme is reliance on the Internet on 

providing computing needs of users. For example, Google 

Apps provides common business applications are sharing 

that is accessed through a web browser with the software and 

data stored on the server. The approach of software is as 

services or SaaS, enabling integration and interoperability 

between the software, which is in the implementation will be 

in a grid or clustering concept, where the actual utilization of 

the grid running on virtualized infrastructure will take a lot 

of resources. 

  



Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning 

Volume 2 Number 1March 2017. Page 53-58 

p-ISSN: 2477-5924 e-ISSN: 2477-4878 

 

58 

 

 

 
 

 
 

Fig. 8 Cloud Computing Visual Diagram [13] 

Knowledge sharing happens in education as a smaller 

scope that is on learning. This is according to [14] states that 

knowledge sharing consists of two processes, namely: 

a. Knowledge Donating: communicating to others about 
the knowledge possessed by an individual. 

b. Knowledge collecting: consulting with colleagues is to 
gain knowledge from them. 

Application of information technology in education 

can be used in various forms, among others: 

1. Application of information technology is used as an 
Information Systems course. Field work that can be 

integrated with information systems is a syllabus of 

lectures, course materials, management of lectures, 

assignments, rubrics, and scoring and so forth. This 

function is often termed as a form of Library 

Automation. 

2. Application of information technology is as media to 
save, obtain and disseminate scientific information in a 

digital format. The application of IT in the form of 

lectures is often known as e-learning. 

Knowledge sharing is developed in this study is an open and 

integrated Data Base (PDITT). 

IV. CONCLUSIONS 

Based on the above discussion, it can be concluded that: (1) 

E-learning has been widely applied in famous universities 

and campuses in Indonesia. The adoption of cloud 

computing is expected to assist the learning more efficient 

and flexible and it is able to be ICT-based campus in the 

future. (2) The result of this research is expected that there 

are many campuses again to utilize the cloud in the learning 

process. Besides that, it is able to improve the learning 

process and the quality assurance campus. (3) The e-learning 

applications that are designed to be multi-user can be used as 

a SaaS application so that everyone can create their own 

class and invite anyone to become a lecturer or student. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT 

We would like to thank ADRI which provides template to 

help all participants writes a journal easily and conducts this 

international seminar. We would like to thank to Maarif 

Hasyim Latif Univerity, Sidoarjo which fund all of the cost 

to present this research and some lecturers who give advice 

to make the better idea in this research. Without all of the 

people who support this research, we cannot write this 

research well and properly. 

REFERENCES 

[1] V. Gaspersz. Manajemen Kualitas untuk Industri Jasa. Jakarta: 
Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1997. 

[2] J. Honeycutt. Knowledge Management Strategies: Strategi 
Manajemen Pengetahuan. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo, 2000. 

[3] E. Turban, J.E. Aronson. Decision Support System and Intelligent 
Systems. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2001. 

[4] S. Debowski. Knowledge Management. Sydney: John Wiley & Sons 
Australian, 2006.   

[5] A. Tiwana. The Knowledge Management Toolkit: Orchestrating IT, 
Strategy, and Knowledge Platforms (2nd Ed.). India: Pearson 

Education, 2002. 

[6] Y.Q. Tan, M. Yusoff, and A.R. Hamdan. “Knowledge Management: 
A Functional Model for The Malaysian Government, Kuala Lumpur,” 

presented at Seminar Siswazah Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 

Selangor, Malaysia, 2004.  

[7] H. Hilse. “Unternehmen, Universitäten und "Corporate Universities": 
Wissen und Lernen im Wandel der Institutionen.” Internet: 

http://www.uniwh.de/de/wiwi/index.html, Oct. 17, 2000 [Nov. 26, 

2016]. 

[8] P.L. Tobing. Knowledge Management. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 
2007. 

[9] Al-Alawi, I. Ade; Al-Marzooqi, Y Nayla & M. Yasmeen . 
“Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing: Critical Success 

Factors.” Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 11, pp. 22-42, 

2007.  

[10] I. Becerra-Fernandez and R. Sabherwal. Knowledge Management 
Systems and Process. New York: M.E. Sharpe Inc, 2010. 

[11] L. Chikoore and G. Ragsdell. “Knowledge Sharing in Higher 
Education: A Study of Students Preparing Assessed Group Work.” 

Journal of Knowledge Management Practice, vol. 14, 2013. 
[12] L. Hanyang. “Determinants of Knowledge Sharing in University 

Academic Team,” In Proc. Second International Symposium on 

Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling, 2009. 

[13] D. Hubbard and M. Sutton.. Top Threats to Cloud Computing V1.0, 
USA: Cloud Security Alliance, 2010. 

[14] B. Van den Hooff and J.A. De Ridder. “Knowledge Sharing in 
Context: The Influence of Organizational Commitment, 

Communication Climate and CMC use on Knowledge Sharing.” 

Journal of Knowledge Management , vol. 8, , pp.117-130, 2004. 

http://www.uniwh.de/de/wiwi/index.html