item: #1 of 127 id: jert-10257 author: Abualtayef, Mazen Taha title: Development of Flood Defense Alternaives for the Beach of Deir El Balah Camp, Palestine date: 2021-09-01 words: 7638 flesch: 61 summary: III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Several mitigation measures were analysis using numeri- cal model for Gaza coastal area such as groins, detached off- shore breakwaters, and submersed offshore breakwaters [20]. The main aim of the study is to examine coastal protection techniques against erosion and contribute to improving and developing coastal areas and to support tourism. keywords: alternatives; area; balah; beach; breakwater; coastal; deir; erosion; gaza; level; protection; sand; sea; study; wave cache: jert-10257.pdf plain text: jert-10257.txt item: #2 of 127 id: jert-10453 author: wei, zhe title: Analysis of Injury Potential of Three-year-old Child Occupants Caused by Inappropriate Installation of Enhanced Child Restraint System with Top Tether in Frontal Crash Accidents date: 2021-09-01 words: 7243 flesch: 58 summary: Child passenger safety is an integral part of child safety [1]. Lack of legisla- tion and technical standards accompanied by little knowledge about CRS and child safety has become a big threat to child occupants of vehicles in some places [10, 11]. keywords: acceleration; child; crash; crs; doi; injury; installation; occupants; restraint; safety; tests; tether; vol cache: jert-10453.pdf plain text: jert-10453.txt item: #3 of 127 id: jert-10493 author: Almunirawi, Khaled M.; Baraka, Rebhi S. title: Parsing Arabic Verbal Sentence Using Grammar Ontology date: 2021-09-21 words: 7759 flesch: 54 summary: To evaluate the model, we have selected a representative set of Arabic verbal sentences from Arabic grammar books that represent all the possibilities of a verbal sentence. Based on this motivation, the research aims to: - Build a grammar ontology for Arabic verbal sentence and represent its characteristics and parsing rules as rela- tions and properties within the ontology. keywords: arabic; arabic grammar; diacritics; grammar; grammar ontology; model; ontology; parsing; results; sentence; verb; word cache: jert-10493.pdf plain text: jert-10493.txt item: #4 of 127 id: jert-10526 author: Abualtayef, Mazen Taha; Salha, Mohanad; Qahman, Khalid title: Study of the Readiness for Receiving Desalinated Seawater – Gaza City Case Study date: 2022-03-23 words: 3359 flesch: 51 summary: The material types of water networks were collected from the maintenance and GIS departments and the type of ma- terial (asbestos, iron, UPVC) was spatially maped on Gaza City.  The breaks of water network are collected from operation and maintenance department, which obtained through the complaints receiving system at the Gaza municipality. keywords: city; gaza; households; networks; nis; palestine; quality; water cache: jert-10526.pdf plain text: jert-10526.txt item: #5 of 127 id: jert-10810 author: YAAKOB, MOHD YUHAZRI BIN; SAION, MOHAMAD PAZLIN BIN; HUSIN, MOHD AMIRHAFIZAN BIN title: The Durability Test on The Potential of Single Rattan Fibres date: 2022-03-27 words: 3759 flesch: 56 summary: Although some progress has been made towards rattan fibre, further research is needed in the upgrading potential rattan fibre especially from the family of Calamus caesius. The prototype sample for this study includes the original structure from the natural composite of rattan fibre. keywords: cross; diameter; fibre; figure; rattan; single; strength; tensile; test cache: jert-10810.pdf plain text: jert-10810.txt item: #6 of 127 id: jert-11209 author: Journal, IUG title: Table of contents date: 2021-11-03 words: 89 flesch: 20 summary: Analysis of Injury Potential of Three-year-old Child Occupants Caused by Inappropriate Installation of Enhanced Child Restraint System with Top Tether in Frontal Crash Accidents zhe wei 12-21 3. Development of Flood Defense Alternaives for the Beach of Deir El Balah Camp, Palestine Mazen Taha Abualtayef 1-11 2. keywords: https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/jert/article/view/10453 cache: jert-11209.pdf plain text: jert-11209.txt item: #7 of 127 id: jert-11210 author: Journal, IUG title: Table of contents date: 2021-11-03 words: 80 flesch: 21 summary: Enhancing the Documentation Process of Traffic Accidents Registry in Gaza City Using GIS Maher A. El-Hallaq 10-19 3. Text File Privacy on the Cloud Based on Diagonal Fragmentation and Encryption Tawfiq S. Barhoom, Mahmoud Y. Abu Shawish 20-26 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/9033 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/9664 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/9380 keywords: mahmoud cache: jert-11210.pdf plain text: jert-11210.txt item: #8 of 127 id: jert-11211 author: Journal, IUG title: Table of contents date: 2021-11-03 words: 114 flesch: -20 summary: Investigation of Power Quality Indices in Jordan University of Science and Technology Grid-Tie Photovoltaic Plant Mohammed S. Ibbini, Abdullah H. Adawi 12-16 6. Integrated Land Use and Transportation Modeling within Data-Poor Contexts Emad B. Dawwas 17-22 7. Blockchain-Based Quality of Service for Healthcare System in the Gaza Strip Abdelkhalek I. Alastal, Raed A. Salha, Maher A. El-Hallaq 23-34 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8412 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8412 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8413 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8413 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8540 https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/JERT/article/view/8822 المحتويات JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, SEPTEMBER 2020 Table of contents # Paper Page 4. Maximum Power Point Tracking Control for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System under Partial Shading Conditions Mohammed S. Ibbini, Areen G. Al-Obeidallah 1-11 5. keywords: https://journals.iugaza.edu.ps/index.php/jert/article/view/8413 cache: jert-11211.pdf plain text: jert-11211.txt item: #9 of 127 id: jert-11417 author: Ahmed, Atef; Saad, Motaz; Alijla, Basem title: Generating Attractive Advertisement Text Campaigns Using Deep Neural Networks date: 2022-10-04 words: 5398 flesch: 57 summary: This study investigates the impact of three factors that affect the quality of generated text: 1) data source and domain, 2) RNN architecture, 3) named Entities normalization. A series of experiments are conducted to investigate the factors mentioned in Section III (dataset domain, NN archi- tecture, name entity normalization, and input/ output se- quence level), which affect the quality of generated texts. keywords: ads; booking; data; gru; human; level; lstm; networks; neural; results; table; text cache: jert-11417.pdf plain text: jert-11417.txt item: #10 of 127 id: jert-11654 author: AlHaj, Basel; AlAgha, Iyad title: Exploiting Wikipedia to Measure the Semantic Relatedness between Arabic Terms date: 2022-10-04 words: 8924 flesch: 55 summary: The context-based relation is measured based on the intersection between incoming links of Wikipedia articles, while the category-based relation is measured by utilizing the taxonomy of Wikipedia categories. In order to construct the category graph, a directed graph was created, and Wikipedia categories are added to the graph as vertices. keywords: approach; arabic; articles; categories; category; graph; information; knowledge; measure; methods; relatedness; relation; semantic; similarity; terms; vol; wikipedia cache: jert-11654.pdf plain text: jert-11654.txt item: #11 of 127 id: jert-11843 author: Almobaied, Moayed; Al-Mutayeb, Yousef title: Luenberger Observer-Based Speed Sensor Fault Detection: real time implementation to DC Motors date: 2023-03-04 words: 5735 flesch: 60 summary: Fig. 29 depicts the output simulation and estimated DC motor speeds, while Fig. 30 depicts the residual output where the residual value surpasses the threshold level. In this paper, the active control branch's Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) is used to detect faults in DC motor speed sensors. keywords: dc motor; detection; fault; fig; luenberger; motor; observer; output; residual; sensor; speed cache: jert-11843.pdf plain text: jert-11843.txt item: #12 of 127 id: jert-11998 author: wei, zhe title: Analysis of the Effect of Infant Carrier’s Webbing Tension on 18-month-old Child Occupant’s Chest Accelerations in Frontal Crash Accidents Based on Experimental Validations date: 2023-03-04 words: 7170 flesch: 52 summary: In many countries, child restraint systems are very popular with caregivers, and widely used in adults’ driving with children in cars [2, 3]. In order to achieve the optimum state of child restraint systems in use, many matters in the field of passive safety should be taken into consideration [5, 6, 7]. keywords: accelerations; carrier; chest; child; doi; dummy; infant; infant carrier; occupant; restraint; safety; tension; tests; vol; webbing cache: jert-11998.pdf plain text: jert-11998.txt item: #13 of 127 id: jert-12333 author: Tayeh, Bassam A.; Askar, Lawend K.; Askar, Mand k.; Abu Bakar, B. H. title: Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) - Applications Worldwide: A State-of-the-Art Review date: 2023-03-04 words: 8952 flesch: 54 summary: Research is in progress on the applications of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as a new additive material in construction technology. One of the biggest advantages offered by ultra-high performance concrete over normal concrete is the possibility to minimize the cross-sectional dimensions of the structural elements. keywords: applications; askar2; bridge; concrete; construction; design; fiber; fig; materials; performance; performance concrete; properties; state; strength; structural; uhpc; vol cache: jert-12333.pdf plain text: jert-12333.txt item: #14 of 127 id: jert-12609 author: Helles, Zakaria; Mogheir, Yunes title: Assessment of Stormwater Infiltration Basins Models Developed in Gaza Strip date: 2022-10-04 words: 8240 flesch: 53 summary: Massmann [12] provided a design manual for sizing infiltration basins by developing Green-Ampt model. Figure 1: Layout of Alamal infiltration basin (Google map, 2022) Alamal basin used the direct surface spreading of storm- water without augmenting drywells (infiltration boreholes). keywords: basin; day; depth; gaza; infiltration; infiltration capacity; infiltration rate; season; stormwater; water cache: jert-12609.pdf plain text: jert-12609.txt item: #15 of 127 id: jert-1606 author: Carvalho, Sílvia C.P.; De Lima, João L.M.P.; P. De Lima, M. ISABEL title: Rainwater sequential sampler: assessing intra-event water composition variability date: 2016-02-15 words: 4956 flesch: 59 summary: In relation to the procedure for collection and analysis of rainwater samples: all the components of the rain sampling equipment were pre-washed with distilled water; the sam- pling bottles were removed immediately after being filled. A wide variety of sequential rain samplers have been proposed: manual sampling (e.g. [3]); linked collection ves- sels (e.g. [4]); automatic sequential samplers (e.g. [5]); and continuous monitors (e.g. [6]). keywords: composition; event; periods; rainwater; sampler; sampling; sequential; vol cache: jert-1606.pdf plain text: jert-1606.txt item: #16 of 127 id: jert-1607 author: Mogheir, Yunes; Albahnasawi, Ahmed title: Use of Nanofiltration for Nitrate Removal from Gaza Strip Groundwater date: 2016-02-15 words: 3736 flesch: 54 summary: Also complexity of water character play a good role in membrane behavior and that is why the queues solution flux rate is higher than real water flux rate. Also com- plexity of water character play a good role in membrane behavior and that is why the nitrate solutions flux rate are higher than real water flux rate. keywords: concentration; flux; gaza; nitrate; pressure; rejection; strip; water cache: jert-1607.pdf plain text: jert-1607.txt item: #17 of 127 id: jert-1608 author: Ghabayen, Said M; Madi, Ibrahim M; A Qahman,, Khalid; I. Sirdah, And Basim title: Genetic Algorithm Model to Optimize Water Resources Allocation in Gaza Strip date: 2016-02-15 words: 5501 flesch: 53 summary: Q41: the quantity of water supplied from imported water from Mekorot Company (Israel) to the municipal and industrial us- ers. the quantity of water supplied from imported water from Egypt to the municipal and industrial users. keywords: agriculture; gaza; industrial; water; year cache: jert-1608.pdf plain text: jert-1608.txt item: #18 of 127 id: jert-1609 author: Ouda, Mohamed title: A Novel Elliptically Shaped Compact Planar Ultra-Wideband Antenna date: 2016-02-15 words: 1595 flesch: 66 summary: [3] C.D. Zhao, “Analysis on the properties of a coupled planar dipole UWB antenna”, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. One of the challenges facing the development of UWB radios is developing antennas that meet the bandwidth requirements. keywords: antenna; bandwidth; figure; ghz cache: jert-1609.pdf plain text: jert-1609.txt item: #19 of 127 id: jert-1610 author: El-Khozondar, Hala; Abu Reyala, Amani S; El-Khozonda, Mathias S MüLLER title: Load Reduction in Wind Energy Converters Using Individual Pitch Control date: 2016-02-15 words: 4339 flesch: 68 summary: Wind turbines rotor blades may rotate around a horizontal axis or a vertical axis. II PHYSICS CONCEPTS OF WIND ENERGY In wind energy turbine, wind power is converted to elec- trical power. keywords: angle; blade; control; energy; pitch; power; rotor; strain; wind cache: jert-1610.pdf plain text: jert-1610.txt item: #20 of 127 id: jert-1611 author: Hamed, Basil; Khashan, Loai title: Design of A hierarchical Sugeno Fuzzy Controller for HVAC in Large Buildings date: 2016-02-15 words: 3155 flesch: 59 summary: Sugeno Type Fuzzy Inference In this section the Sugeno method of deductive inference for fuzzy systems based on linguistic rules is introduced. Thus, in recent years, many techniques have been considered for reducing the energy consumption in HVAC systems. keywords: air; control; controller; energy; hvac; sugeno; system cache: jert-1611.pdf plain text: jert-1611.txt item: #21 of 127 id: jert-1612 author: Al Ashi, Mahmoud M.; Abu Hadrous, Iyad; Elaydi, Hatem title: Improving Trajectory Tracking Performance of Robotic Manipulator Using Neural Online Torque Compensator date: 2016-02-15 words: 2931 flesch: 40 summary: Figures 7 and 8 show another indicator of the effectiveness of the pro- posed neural network controller by plotting the total disturb- ance torque applied on the inertia of each actuating motor be- fore and after adding the neural network compensator, respec- tively. Figure 4: Simulation of computed torque control in the presence of structured uncertainties Figure 5: Simulation of computed torque control in the presence of unstructured uncertainties Figure 6 shows the simulation results of the trajectory track- ing control system involving the designed neural network online torque compensator in the presence of both structured and unstructured uncertainties. keywords: control; network; neural; torque; trajectory cache: jert-1612.pdf plain text: jert-1612.txt item: #22 of 127 id: jert-1613 author: Gorbounov, Yassen title: FPGA Based Generalized Switched Reluctance Motor Controller date: 2016-02-15 words: 4124 flesch: 53 summary: Index Terms— Switched reluctance motor, parallel algorithms, motor control, embedded controller, artificial neural network. His research interests include automatic control of electrical drives, switched reluctance motor and generator control, application of neural networks and fuzzy logic for motor control, parallel pro- cessing algorithms with programmable logic devices. keywords: algorithm; control; controller; figure; inductance; motor; phase; position; power; reluctance; running; torque cache: jert-1613.pdf plain text: jert-1613.txt item: #23 of 127 id: jert-1614 author: El-Sawalhi , Nabil I.; Mansour, Mohammed A title: Preparation Critical Success Factors for Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects in Palestine date: 2016-02-15 words: 4219 flesch: 46 summary: PPP projects are a new concept in Palestine. The aim of this study is to explore the critical success factors (CSFs) for PPP projects in Palestine. keywords: factors; group; mean; palestine; partnership; ppp; ppp projects; projects; sector; success cache: jert-1614.pdf plain text: jert-1614.txt item: #24 of 127 id: jert-1615 author: El Shahat,  Adel title: Empirical Capacitive Deionization ANN Nonparametric Modeling for Desalination Purpose date: 2016-02-15 words: 4613 flesch: 50 summary: All characteristics are well depicted in the form of 3D figures as the training data for ANN models to show the validity of the proposed technique in interpolations and estimations. ANN models are created with suitable numbers of layers and neurons, which trained, simulated, checked, verified and their algebraic equations are concluded accurately with excellent regression constants. keywords: ann; capacitive; cdi; deionization; energy; figure; flow; inputs; model; output; tds; time cache: jert-1615.pdf plain text: jert-1615.txt item: #25 of 127 id: jert-1616 author: Eddine,  GHOURAF DJAMEL; Abdellatif,  NACERI title: A robust PSS Based Advanced H2 Frequency Control to Improve Power System Stability – Implementation under GUI/MATLAB date: 2016-02-15 words: 4569 flesch: 56 summary: The stabilizer of this new generation for the system AVR – PSS, aimed-at improving power system stability, was developed using the robust controller H2 based on LQG. This is done through a regulator called power system stabilizer. keywords: avr; control; figure; power; pss; regulator; robustness; stability; system cache: jert-1616.pdf plain text: jert-1616.txt item: #26 of 127 id: jert-1617 author: , M. Beye1; , F. Ndiaye2; , A. S. Maiga2 title: Antireflection Coatings Combining Silicon Nitride with Silicon Nanoparticles date: 2016-02-15 words: 3806 flesch: 51 summary: In this work, we consider a solar cell antireflection coatings combining silicon nitride layer with silicon nanoparticles in two configurations: silicon nanoparticles on a SiNX layer surface and partially embedded in a SiNX layer. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2014 77 V CONCLUSION Two configurations of antireflection coating combining silicon nanoparticles and silicon nitride layer are considered. keywords: layer; nanoparticles; reflectance; silicon; sinx; surface cache: jert-1617.pdf plain text: jert-1617.txt item: #27 of 127 id: jert-1618 author: Farahi,  Mohamad HADI ; Keshtegar, Mansooreh; Najariyan , Marzieh title: Fuzzy optimal control of a poisoning-pest model by using date: 2016-02-15 words: 3368 flesch: 74 summary: [10⨀�̃�(𝑡) ⊕ �̃�(𝑡)]𝑑𝑡 �̇̃�(𝑡) = 10 9 ⨀(�̃� ⊕ (�̃� ⊗ �̃�)⨀ 1 −20 ) ⊖ �̃�(𝑡) ⊗ �̃�(𝑡) �̃�(0) = (4,5,6), �̃�(𝑇 = 10) = (0,1,2) ⊖ �̃�(𝑡) ⊗ �̃�(𝑡), (5) where the initial condition �̃�(0) = �̃�1, and the final condition is �̃�(𝑡𝑓 ) = �̃�𝑓 . keywords: fuzzy; ℱ(ℝ cache: jert-1618.pdf plain text: jert-1618.txt item: #28 of 127 id: jert-1619 author: Imran,  Muhammad; Zulfqar, Muzammal ; Rasheed, Haroon; Tayyaba, Shahzadi ; Ashraf, Muhammad WASEEM ; Ahmad, Zahoor title: Fuzzy Logic Based Flow Controller of Dam Gates date: 2016-02-15 words: 4962 flesch: 68 summary: Fuzzy logic based system is used due to its unique way of tackling complex and non-linear problems The things that are too complex to be mathematically modeled, is very easy described with fuzzy logic controller (FLC). keywords: controller; flow; gates; level; logic; region; results; system; water cache: jert-1619.pdf plain text: jert-1619.txt item: #29 of 127 id: jert-1620 author: Boufrioua,   Amel title: Bandwidth enhancement of patch antenna with anisotropic substrate using inset L-shaped feed and L slots on ground plane date: 2016-02-15 words: 2301 flesch: 52 summary: [2] A. Boufrioua, “Resistive rectangular patch antenna with uniaxial substrate”, In: Antennas: Parameters, Models and Applications, ch. 6, pp. [3] S.Satthamsakul, N.Anantrasirichai, C. Benjangkaprasert and T. Wakabayashi, “Rectangular patch antenna with inset feed and modified ground-plane for wideband antenna,” SICE Annual Conference 2008, August 20- 22, 2008, Japan. keywords: antenna; feed; ground; patch; slots cache: jert-1620.pdf plain text: jert-1620.txt item: #30 of 127 id: jert-1621 author: M.A., Kamaruddin,, ; M.S., Yusoff; H.A., Aziz; M.H. , Alrozi R., ZAWAWI title: Optimization of Calcium Alginate Preparation in Aqueous by Response Surface Methodology date: 2016-02-15 words: 4745 flesch: 49 summary: Finally, the optimum preparation condition for calcium alginate was obtained wit h 2.00 g of calcium carbonate and 10 % (w/v) that result in 38 cP of viscosity at pH 10, respectively. This study has demonstrated that the utilization of RSM and design of experiment has successfully obtained the optimum preparation conditions of calcium carbonate and alginate for calcium alginate. keywords: alginate; aqueous; calcium; carbonate; engineering; malaysia; model; preparation; response; viscosity; yusoff cache: jert-1621.pdf plain text: jert-1621.txt item: #31 of 127 id: jert-1622 author: Rani, Dr.P.Usha title: Digital Simulation of an Interline Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Voltage Compensation date: 2016-02-15 words: 3061 flesch: 61 summary: Among them, voltage sag and swell are the major power-quality problems. The problem of voltage sags and swells and its severe impact on sensitive loads are described [1]. keywords: idvr; sag; simulation; swell; system; voltage cache: jert-1622.pdf plain text: jert-1622.txt item: #32 of 127 id: jert-1623 author: Barhoom, Tawfiq S.; Al-akhras, Mohammed title: Enhanced Context-Aware Role-Based Access Control Framework for Pervasive Environment date: 2016-02-15 words: 4690 flesch: 47 summary:  Client Proxy: Will be responsible for enforcing and ensure the integrity of context information measured through secure communi- cation channel to prevent fraud attempts from malicious users, client agent will contain context information manager responsible for acquisition and distribution of measured con- text information, and user context information validity con- troller which will check that any context information change and is less than change threshold or not to issue event to the web service to revaluate access request decision made. 1. In this paper we attempts to investigate and enhance the model S. Emami [6] to be applicable to work in pervasive environment, through adding the proxy module, such mod- ule works with end users as interface that facilitate to them access specific system resources based on preset policy by system administrators, also responsible for monitoring con- text information collected by the framework to make access decision, where any change occur will notify context man- ager for the change to revaluate related permissions or roles granted based on such context information. keywords: access; context; control; environment; framework; information; model; rbac; role; session; time; user cache: jert-1623.pdf plain text: jert-1623.txt item: #33 of 127 id: jert-1624 author: Asfour, Omar; Kandeel, Emad title: The Potential of Thermal Insulation as an Energy-Efficient Design Strategy in the Gaza Strip date: 2016-02-15 words: 6714 flesch: 63 summary: As a matter of fact, most buildings in the Gaza Strip are constructed without using thermal insulation. Thus, this study carries out a numerical assessment of using thermal insulation as an energy-efficient design strategy considering the case of Gaza. keywords: building; design; energy; gains; gaza; heat; insulation; time; wall; zone cache: jert-1624.pdf plain text: jert-1624.txt item: #34 of 127 id: jert-1625 author: Pavlitov ,  Constantin; Gorbounov, Yassen ; Rusinov, Radoslav; Dimitrov, Anton title: Digital Sensorless Speed Direct Current Motor Control By the Aid of Static Speed Estimator date: 2016-02-15 words: 3278 flesch: 57 summary: Due to its algebraic expression representation the speed value is filtered by Low Pass Filter in order fast current fluctuations to reduce their influence over angular speed value. 2 Y.Gorbounov, R. Rusinov are with the Department of Automation of Mining Productiom, University of Minig and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski”, Sofia, Bulgaria Abstract— this paper deals with speed control of DCM without angular speed measuring device. keywords: control; current; estimator; float; model; motor; regulator; speed; time cache: jert-1625.pdf plain text: jert-1625.txt item: #35 of 127 id: jert-1626 author: Kalaani ,  Youakim; Haddad, Rami; El Shahat, Adel title: PMSM Sensorless Speed Control Drive date: 2016-02-15 words: 6837 flesch: 67 summary: [22] J. M. Kim and S. K. Sul, “Speed control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive for the flux weakening operation,” IEEE Trans. [30] I. C. Baik, K. H. Kim, and M. J. Youn, “Robust nonlin- ear speed control of PM synchronous motor using adaptive and sliding mode control techniques,” Proc. keywords: control; controller; current; drive; fig; flux; ieee; magnet; motor; phase; pmsm; sensorless; speed; system; time; torque; vol; voltage; weakening cache: jert-1626.pdf plain text: jert-1626.txt item: #36 of 127 id: jert-1627 author: Hamidou,   Arouna   SALEY ; Diop, Oumar; Maiga, Amadou SEIDOU title: DIACHRONIC MONITORING OF SURFACE ENERGY FLUXES BY REMOTE DETECTION IN THE NORTHEN-EST OF NIGER W NATIONAL PARK date: 2016-02-15 words: 4326 flesch: 60 summary: Abstract: The general objective of the present work is to contribute to a set up of an operational prototype of monitoring surface energy fluxes inside the Niger’s W Park, using Landsat data and few fields’ data. Diachronic study of surface energy fluxes allows identification of degraded forest’s areas or areas subject to severe hydrous stress, as shown by earlier studies [1-2]. keywords: area; energy; fluxes; niger; park; pixels; remote; study; surface; values cache: jert-1627.pdf plain text: jert-1627.txt item: #37 of 127 id: jert-1628 author: Al-Smadi,  Adnan M. title: Singular Value Decomposition-Based ARMA Model Parameter Estimation of Non-Gaussian Processes date: 2016-02-15 words: 4223 flesch: 65 summary: [8] G. B. Giannakis and J. M. Mendel,” Cumulant-based order determination of non-Gaussian ARMA models”, IEEE Trans. It should be emphasized that the main reason for using HOS for ARMA parameter estimation is the fact that additive Gaussian noise of unknown variance does not affect the the- oretical cumulant statistics. keywords: arma; cumulants; gaussian; model; non; order; output; parameters; signal; svd cache: jert-1628.pdf plain text: jert-1628.txt item: #38 of 127 id: jert-1629 author: El-Nahal,  Fady I. title: Bidirectional WDM Access Architecture Employing Cascaded AWGs and RSOAs. date: 2016-02-15 words: 2813 flesch: 65 summary: For the pro- posed WDM access architecture shown in Fig. 1, there would be R = 24 wavelengths spaced by 100GHz (0.8nm), requiring a Q = 24 port AWG. For P = 12, Q = R = 24 this access network can provide service to 6192 customers, thus allowing a graceful evolution from current passive optical networks (PON) infrastructures keywords: access; architecture; awg; awgs; networks; optical; wavelength; wdm cache: jert-1629.pdf plain text: jert-1629.txt item: #39 of 127 id: jert-1630 author: Nassar, Abdelmajid; Al Najar, Husam; Dawood, Osama; Abunada, Ziyad title: Comprehensive Decision Approach for Sustainable Wastewater Reuse using Multicriteria Decision Analysis-GIS date: 2016-02-15 words: 4357 flesch: 52 summary: WWR impacts were weighed using multi criteria analysis DEFINITE software according to their relative importance. Resulted map showed that Gaza southern area has the high potential for WWR with the least possible generated impacts.. Index Terms— Gaza Strip, GIS, Multi-criteria, analysis,wastewater, reuse. keywords: analysis; criteria; decision; gaza; impacts; strip; treatment; wastewater; water; wwr cache: jert-1630.pdf plain text: jert-1630.txt item: #40 of 127 id: jert-1631 author: El-Khozondar, Rifa J. ; El-Khozondar, Hala J. title: Monte Carlo Potts Simulation of Grain Growth of Solid Grains Dispersed in a Liquid Matrix date: 2016-02-15 words: 2870 flesch: 59 summary: For Ostwald ripening of second phase grains embedded in a matrix, it is shown that the mean grain size varies with time as t1/n, where n is the grain growth exponent. 1-3 Gaza, 4-5 november 2014 JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 1, MRACH 2015 7 Monte Carlo Potts Simulation of Grain Growth of Solid Grains Dispersed in a Liquid Matrix Rifa J. El-Khozondar 1 , Hala J. El-Khozondar 2 1 Physics Department, Al-Aqsa University, P.O.Box 4051, Gaza, Palestine, Email:rifa20012002@yahoo.com 2 Electrical Engineering Department, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O.Box 108, Email: hkhozondar@iugaza.edu Abstract— Liquid phase sintering is a process in which solid grains coexist with a liquid matrix. keywords: grain; growth; liquid; phase; ripening cache: jert-1631.pdf plain text: jert-1631.txt item: #41 of 127 id: jert-1632 author: Abu M. Hanieh, Ahmed; A. Hasan, Afif; A. AbdElall, Sadiq title: Integration of Sustainability in Engineering Education in Palestine date: 2016-02-15 words: 5708 flesch: 45 summary: Market study and survey of industries showed their interest in sustainable engineering courses as given in Figure 5. Sustainable engineering program at Birzeit University aims at meeting the economic development needs in Palestine by raising the national production level and providing environ- mental needs, it is based on the market survey results as de- picted in figure 5. Table 4 presents some of the courses to be delivered in this program and their type. TABLE 4 Courses in Sustainable Engineering program. keywords: development; education; energy; engineering; industry; palestine; palestinian; programs; resources; students; sustainability; university; water cache: jert-1632.pdf plain text: jert-1632.txt item: #42 of 127 id: jert-1633 author: Abujamous, Hasan KH.; Rustom, Rifat N.; Abukmail, Mahmoud Y. title: Influencing Cost Factors in Road Projects in Gaza Strip Using ANN date: 2016-02-15 words: 5895 flesch: 60 summary: A number of techniques were available to determine the influencing factors on road projects costs. Neural networks models require many data. keywords: construction; cost; data; error; model; network; neural; output; projects; road; set; training cache: jert-1633.pdf plain text: jert-1633.txt item: #43 of 127 id: jert-1634 author: El-Nahal, Fady I. ; Alhalabi, Mahmoud; Husein, Abdel Hakeim M. title: Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON)technologies for future access networks date: 2016-02-15 words: 3954 flesch: 66 summary: A bidirectional Subcarrier multiplexing–WDM PON (SCM-WDM PON) is demonstrated using a reflective filter and cyclic Array Waveguide Grating (AWG) where up/downlink data could be provided using a single optical source. 2- THEORY A. WDM PONs Figure 1 illustrates a typical WDM PON architecture that consists a CO, two cyclic AWGs, a trunk or feeder fiber, a series of distributions fibers, and ONUs at the end users. keywords: ber; downstream; figure; pon; signal; upstream; wdm cache: jert-1634.pdf plain text: jert-1634.txt item: #44 of 127 id: jert-1635 author: Dawoud, Husameddin M. title: A Comparative Study Of The Thermal Comfort By Using Different Building Materials In Gaza City (JERT) date: 2016-02-15 words: 3730 flesch: 63 summary: Therefore, hol- low blocks made from cement and aggregates were used as main building materials plastered from both sides. In order to test their thermal properties, certain building materials have been investigated to construct walls of residential private house in Gaza city (Figure 1). keywords: alternative; building; energy; gains; losses; materials; walls cache: jert-1635.pdf plain text: jert-1635.txt item: #45 of 127 id: jert-1636 author: El-Hallaq, Maher A. title: Spatio Temporal Analysis in Land Use and Land Cover Using GIS Case Study: Gaza City (Period 1999 – 2007) date: 2016-02-15 words: 4746 flesch: 56 summary: The changes in the LULC over Gaza City neighborhoods can be observed from Table 4 which displays the proportion of representing area as structural plan, population and the change detection happened in built up, green land, dry land, wet land classes. Therefore, in this research, the established land use and land cover in Gaza City categories are listed below:  Built Up Land: which consists of residential, main commercial center, old town, commercial facades, tourism and recreation zone public buildings, public cemeteries, existing roads, ring roads, railway land, regiona transportation center, sport zone, and indus- trial areas. keywords: area; change; city; cover; detection; gaza; land; lulc; study; use cache: jert-1636.pdf plain text: jert-1636.txt item: #46 of 127 id: jert-1637 author: Bashir, Amal S.M. ; Manusamy, Yamuna title: Characterization of Raw Egg Shell Powder (ESP) as A Good Bio-filler date: 2016-02-15 words: 2126 flesch: 58 summary: This study was conducted to investigate the various characteristics of ESP including scaning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size, surface morphology, FTIR and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). Study of egg shell as bio-filler also proved that it performs better than all different types of particle size of CaCO3 fillers used [6]. keywords: egg; eggshell; esp; filler; particle; powder; size cache: jert-1637.pdf plain text: jert-1637.txt item: #47 of 127 id: jert-1638 author: Hassan, Siti ROSHAYU ; Zaman, Nastaein QAMARUZ; Dahlan, Irvan title: Microscopic Observation of Anaerobic Microorganism in a Modified Anaerobic Hybrid Baffled (MAHB) Reactor in Treating Recycled Paper Mill Effluent (RPME) date: 2016-02-15 words: 2454 flesch: 47 summary: The morphologies of anaerobic microorganism involved in anaerobic digestion of RPME in MAHB reactor was observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fluorescence Microscope. Spatial nutrient concentration gradients resulted from compartmentalised design of MAHB reactor contributes to microbial consortia that optimally adapted to the specific conditions in each compartment [3, 5]. keywords: anaerobic; bacteria; engineering; mahb; malaysia; reactor; rpme; wastewater cache: jert-1638.pdf plain text: jert-1638.txt item: #48 of 127 id: jert-1639 author: AbuHamra, Lina   AHMED; Enshassi, Adnan ALI title: Strategies for safety and productivity improvement date: 2016-02-15 words: 7328 flesch: 53 summary: The international donors come from regions where construction safety occupies top priorities of construction industry. The role of govern- ment towards construction safety in Gaza strip seems bad. keywords: company; construction; gaza; monitoring; planning; productivity; project; respondents; safety; strategies; training; workers cache: jert-1639.pdf plain text: jert-1639.txt item: #49 of 127 id: jert-1640 author: Abo Absa, Ahmed HAMDI ; Ouda, Mohamed ; Abu Hudrouss , Ammar title: Analysis and Design of E-shape Meander Line Antenna for LTE Mobile Communications date: 2016-02-15 words: 2313 flesch: 67 summary: The bandwidth of microstrip antenna may be in- creased using air substrate [1]; however, dielectric substrate must be used if compact antenna size is required [2]. [7] A. Yu, and X. X. Zhang, ―A method to enhance the bandwidth of microstrip antennas using a modified E- shaped patch,‖ Proceedings of Radio and Wireless Con- ference, pp 261–264, pp 10–13,Aug. 2003. keywords: antenna; design; frequency; shape; step cache: jert-1640.pdf plain text: jert-1640.txt item: #50 of 127 id: jert-1641 author: Alastal, Khalil M. ; Alagha, Jawad S.; Abuhabib, Azzam A.; Ababou, Rachid title: Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Water Quality Index (WQI) Approach: Gaza Coastal Aquifer Case Study date: 2016-02-15 words: 5068 flesch: 56 summary: ababou@imft.fr Abstract—Water resources in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Gaza Strip (GS), are generally under increasing stresses in terms of water quality and quantity. This, in turn, helps spotting critical locations in terms of water quality, and setting management priorities accordingly. keywords: area; assessment; gaza; groundwater; index; parameters; quality; water; water quality; wqi cache: jert-1641.pdf plain text: jert-1641.txt item: #51 of 127 id: jert-1642 author: Bt. Azmi,  Nurshazwani  ; Singarayah,  Alexanderrayar; Bashir, Mohammed J.K. ; Sethupathi, Sumathi title: Landfill leachate treatment by Low Cost Activated Carbon Prepared from Agriculture Waste date: 2016-02-15 words: 3252 flesch: 48 summary: Abstract—Adsorption via activated carbon (AC) is one of the superior treatments for stabilized landfill leachate, but expensive and limited resource of AC precursor (bituminous and lignite) limit application of this technique in landfill leachate treatment. As the consequences, landfill leachate characterized with high concentration of pollutant includes the organic matter, BOD, COD, ammoni- acal-nitogen, heavy metal, and inorganic salt. keywords: adsorption; carbon; cod; landfill; leachate; nh3; removal; sbac; treatment; waste cache: jert-1642.pdf plain text: jert-1642.txt item: #52 of 127 id: jert-1643 author: Arafa, Mohammed ; Khalifa, Ashraf; Alqedra, Mamoun title: Design Optimization of Semi-Rigidly Connected Steel Frames Using Harmony Search Algorithm date: 2016-02-15 words: 7324 flesch: 67 summary: [36] Aj Khalifa, Design optimization of semi rigid steel framed structures to AISC- LRFD using Harmony search algorithm, Civil Engineering Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine, MSc thesis 2011. I INTRODUCTION Structural design optimization of steel frames generally re- quires the selection of steel sections for the beams and columns from a discrete set of practically available steel section tables. keywords: algorithm; design; frames; harmony; linear; optimization; search; steel; weight cache: jert-1643.pdf plain text: jert-1643.txt item: #53 of 127 id: jert-1644 author: Elmezaini, Nasreddin title: Time Management in Engineering Consulting Firms Nasreddin Elmezaini, Ph.D., P.Eng date: 2016-02-15 words: 3742 flesch: 63 summary: Flexible time system:  The use of time sheet system will be demonstrated. keywords: consulting; engineering; firms; number; project; system; time; work cache: jert-1644.pdf plain text: jert-1644.txt item: #54 of 127 id: jert-1645 author: Muhaisen, Ahmed S. ; Abed, Huda M. title: Effect of Building Proportions on the Thermal Performance in the Mediterranean Climate of the Gaza Strip date: 2016-02-15 words: 6709 flesch: 64 summary: This ratio is decreased to reach 9.1% in the case of the shape with width ratio (W/L) equals to 0.2 and 7.6% in the case of the shape with width to length ratio (W/L) equals to 0.3. [8] A. Adnan; S. Donghyun and K. Moncef, Impact of building shape on thermal performance of office buildings in Kuwait. keywords: building; effect; length ratio; loads; orientation; ratio; walls; width cache: jert-1645.pdf plain text: jert-1645.txt item: #55 of 127 id: jert-1647 author: Abu Amr, Salem S. ; Abdul Aziz1, Hamidi; Bashir, Mohammed J.K. ; Aziz, Shuokr QARANI ; Alslaibi, Tamer M. title: Comparison and Optimization of ozone – Based Advanced Oxidation Processes in The Treatment of Stabilized Landfill Leachate date: 2016-02-15 words: 5573 flesch: 48 summary: To investigate the performance of combined ozone application and two advanced oxidant reagents, stabilized leachate was treated with ozone oxidation alone, ozone/Fenton and ozone/persulfate in the AOPs, respectively. The environmental impact of leachate depends on leachate strength, proper leachate collection, and the efficiency of leachate treatment. keywords: cod; engineering; fenton; landfill; leachate; oxidation; ozone; persulfate; process; processes; removal; treatment cache: jert-1647.pdf plain text: jert-1647.txt item: #56 of 127 id: jert-1648 author: Abukaresh, H.; Skaik ,   T. title: Coupled Resonator Diplexer for LTE-Advanced System date: 2016-02-15 words: 2419 flesch: 59 summary: This method for synthesizing coupled resonator diplexers is based on optimi- zation of coupling matrix of multiple coupled resonators representing a three-port network, and it is performed in the normalized frequency domain. LTE-Advanced 10-resonator diplexer has been designed using hairpin microstrip coupled resonators. keywords: coupling; diplexer; matrix; microwave; resonators cache: jert-1648.pdf plain text: jert-1648.txt item: #57 of 127 id: jert-1649 author: Jusli, Euniza; Md Nor, Hasanan; Jaya, Ramadhansyah PUTRA ; Haron, Zaiton ; Mohamed, Azman title: A Review of Double Layer Rubberized Concrete Paving Blocks date: 2016-02-15 words: 3000 flesch: 58 summary: Blending waste tyre rubber in concrete mixture is one of the best ways to reuse this type of waste and has be- come a common recommendation in concrete technology research. [3], generally, three broad categories of waste tyre rubber have been considered in most of the researches which are shred- ded or chipped tyres, ground and crumb rubber. keywords: concrete; engineering; layer; malaysia; rubber; tyre; waste cache: jert-1649.pdf plain text: jert-1649.txt item: #58 of 127 id: jert-1650 author: Z.,  Chik; O.F., Murad; M., Rahmad title: Dependency of dry density of soil on water content in the measurement of electrical resistivity of soil date: 2016-02-15 words: 2564 flesch: 57 summary: So the properties that affect both mass and volume such as grain size distribution, soil compaction etc indirectly affect soil dry density. This is a major problem for determining soil dry density using soil resistivty. keywords: compaction; content; density; resistivity; soil; water cache: jert-1650.pdf plain text: jert-1650.txt item: #59 of 127 id: jert-1651 author: Rosli, Ros NADIAH title: Odour AssessmentDecisionTree forOdourSampling andMeasurement date: 2016-02-15 words: 3699 flesch: 65 summary: ODOUR MESUREMENT METHOD There are two types of odour measurement method, which is using sensory (the human nose) or by equipment such as the electronic nose, gas chromatograph and diffusion tube [10]. There are also equipments for odour measurement method available around the world, however, it is not discussed in the present study. keywords: bag; concentration; measurement; method; odour; olfactometer; sample; sampling; source cache: jert-1651.pdf plain text: jert-1651.txt item: #60 of 127 id: jert-1652 author: AlAgha,  Iyad ; Nafee , Rami title: Investigating the Efficiency of WordNet as Background Knowledge for Document Clustering date: 2016-02-15 words: 5470 flesch: 50 summary: We conducted a set of experiments in which WordNet was used for document clustering with various settings including different datasets, different ways of incorporating semantics into the document’s representation and different similarity measures. Comparing the WordNet-based Similarity Measures Comparing the use of different similarity measures, re- sults vary as shown in Table3: in the case of Reuters dataset, the LCH measure achieved the best results followed by the PATH and WUP measures. keywords: clustering; document; knowledge; measures; representation; results; semantic; similarity; terms; wordnet; words cache: jert-1652.pdf plain text: jert-1652.txt item: #61 of 127 id: jert-1653 author: Abu Samra, Aiman A. ; Alhabbash, Mahmoud S. title: Sound Visualization for Deaf Assistance Using Mobile Computing date: 2016-02-15 words: 3636 flesch: 55 summary: The sound feature that was used for representing sound is MFCC by evaluating many sound features and picking the highest recognition rate feature vector. The properties of good sound visualization system must answer the following questions;  keywords: deaf; distance; features; figure; mobile; similarity; sound; system; time; visualization cache: jert-1653.pdf plain text: jert-1653.txt item: #62 of 127 id: jert-1654 author: El-Hallaq,  Khalid; Tayeh,  Bassam A. title: Strategic Planning in Construction Companies in Gaza Strip date: 2016-02-15 words: 5419 flesch: 60 summary: Strategic planning in the construction industry The concept of strategy and strategic planning is also very important in the construction industry. The results of the study recommended the necessity of starting up with the use of strategic planning as an administrative tool to help these companies to adapt with their internal and external environments, also to provide more training courses for top management on strategic management and planning, and to emphasize on the sharing principle when setting strategic plans, where differ- ent administrative levels are involved. keywords: companies; company; construction; construction companies; management; mean; planning; strategy; study cache: jert-1654.pdf plain text: jert-1654.txt item: #63 of 127 id: jert-1655 author: Ali, , Basit; Ashraf, Muhammad WASEEM; Tayyaba, Shahzadi; Wasim, Muhammad FAISAL title: MEMS Based Energy Harvesting Controler Using Fuzzy Logic date: 2016-02-15 words: 3888 flesch: 56 summary: The mechanical actions like running cars or any other function of the human body is the best source to produce vibrations which can easily be converted into electrical energy through MEMS based energy harvesters. Therefore, MEMS based energy harvester becomes more appealing or even essential. keywords: energy; logic; mems; mfs; region; system; voltage cache: jert-1655.pdf plain text: jert-1655.txt item: #64 of 127 id: jert-1656 author: Elmezaini, Nasreddin ; Ashour, Mohammed title: Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer date: 2016-02-15 words: 4571 flesch: 58 summary: Transactions Template JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 3, SEPTEMBER 2015 181 Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer Nasreddin Elmezaini (1) and Mohammed Ashour (2) (1) Assoc. II LITERATURE REVIEW Steel Fibers drew the attention of many researchers in the N. Elmezaini & M. Ashour / Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with SFRC Layer (2015) 182 last decade, mainly in the strengthening field, due to its abil- ity to enhance the strength, ductility, and durability of RC members. keywords: analysis; beams; behavior; concrete; crack; load; sfrc; steel; strength; stress cache: jert-1656.pdf plain text: jert-1656.txt item: #65 of 127 id: jert-1657 author: Muhaisen, Ahmed S.; Abu Mustafa, Nidal title: Effect of Galleries on the Thermal Performance of Buildings in the Gaza Strip date: 2016-02-15 words: 4852 flesch: 55 summary: Thomas (2003) studied street galleries as an environmental approach to achieve sustainable urban design 7. According to the previous studies and others, it is clear that the configurations of street galleries affect outdoor thermal comfort. keywords: buildings; energy; figure; galleries; gallery; radiation; street; width cache: jert-1657.pdf plain text: jert-1657.txt item: #66 of 127 id: jert-1658 author: Abu-Jasser,, Assad; Ashour, Mahmoud title: A Backpropagation Feedforward NN for Fault Detection and Classifying of Overhead Bipolar HVDC TL Using DC Measurements date: 2016-02-15 words: 3330 flesch: 64 summary: For classifying HVDC TL faults a NN of 4-10-20-10-3 topology with Conjugate Gradient with Beale Powell Re- starts training function was chosen , the best validation MSE of 8.8×10 -12 was found. Five types of HVDC TL faults were classified by using five-layer network of 4-10-20-10-3 topology with a MSE of 8.8×10 -12 in the training level and with no error when tested. keywords: fault; hvdc; line; network; neural; power; system cache: jert-1658.pdf plain text: jert-1658.txt item: #67 of 127 id: jert-1659 author: Rabia, Mohammed SAID title: Coherent Phonons Scattering by Interstitial Impurities in QuasiPlanar crystals date: 2016-02-15 words: 3938 flesch: 56 summary: Defects are separated by Frequency Ω Figure 3: The total transmission probability vs phonon frequency for impu- rity masses m’=0.5m (dashed line), m’=m (dotted line) and m’=1.5m (full line) in the case of a single impurity scatterer. The grey area M indicates defect region, G and D two semi infinite perfect waveguides. keywords: defect; frequency; impurities; impurity; mass; phonons; region; scattering; transmission; waveguide cache: jert-1659.pdf plain text: jert-1659.txt item: #68 of 127 id: jert-1660 author: Barhoom, Tawfiq S.; Hillis,  Samir S. title: An Efficient Approach for Supporting Multi-Tenancy Schema Inheritance in RDBMS for SaaS date: 2016-02-15 words: 5893 flesch: 56 summary: Multi-tenant databases is a feature that allows a single in- stance of an application to handle several end-users at the same time , this idea has been explored previously without any explicit connection with multi-tenancy [12] . We contribute a tenant data dictionary that allows integra- tion with multi-tenant relational database. keywords: application; approach; cloud; database; different; figure; multi; performance; satbenchcloud; schema; service; storage; tenant cache: jert-1660.pdf plain text: jert-1660.txt item: #69 of 127 id: jert-1661 author: Gorbounov , Yassen title: Accurate Quadrature Encoder Decoding Using Programmable Logic date: 2016-02-15 words: 2357 flesch: 52 summary: The inherent parallelism of programmable logic devices permits a multi-channel CNC machine to be fully served by a single chip. Based on a previous research of the author, the aim of this work is to offer an optimized solution of the problem i.e. full elimination of the error, which is compact, resource saving and suitable for parallel implementation using programmable logic devices (PLD). keywords: direction; encoder; figure; forward; logic; movement; transition cache: jert-1661.pdf plain text: jert-1661.txt item: #70 of 127 id: jert-1662 author: Wasim, Muhammad FAISAL ; Ashraf,  Muhammad WASEEM ; Tayyaba, Shahzadi; Ali ,  Basit ; Afzulpurkar, Nitin title: Nano Generator Simulation Using Fuzzy Logic date: 2016-02-15 words: 2631 flesch: 53 summary: MEMS based energy harvester was developed by using the ZnO piezoelectric thin film. The MEMS based nanogenrator devices have been useful in reducing the need for electric wiring, wet and dry chemical batteries or other power sources which are massive and expansive. keywords: energy; force; logic; membership; nano; thickness cache: jert-1662.pdf plain text: jert-1662.txt item: #71 of 127 id: jert-1707 author: Kenawy, Abdelrehim title: Al-ashwaiat areas in Greater Cairo Region (GCR) a Challenge for the state date: 2016-04-26 words: 7088 flesch: 48 summary: The decision makers must be taken into account the previous studies that confirmed the following: (1) A balanced view of informal areas can lead to practical strategies for dealing with them therefor Informal areas cannot be dealt with properly unless tackling city-wide problems such poor governance, neoliberal orientation, etc. Main Obstacles of Al-ashwaiat areas: One of the main obstacles to addressing the entire Al- ashwaiat areas phenomenon in the GCR is the fast growth of per urban areas around the urban agglomeration of the GCR. keywords: areas; ashwaiat; ashwaiat areas; cairo; city; development; egypt; gcr; government; housing; land; population; urban cache: jert-1707.pdf plain text: jert-1707.txt item: #72 of 127 id: jert-1747 author: Jendia, shafik M.; Skaik, Mohammed title: Gaza Metro Network - Route Site Selection date: 2016-04-12 words: 5408 flesch: 61 summary: The two major Pal- estinian gates to the outside world and markets, the airport and the seaport that are both located in the Gaza Strip, are not being used due to military oper- ations. (El- Turkmani et al, 2003) suggested that a railway track in the Gaza Strip would be a possible solution. keywords: criteria; data; gaza; gaza strip; metro; network; route; site; stations; strip; transportation cache: jert-1747.pdf plain text: jert-1747.txt item: #73 of 127 id: jert-1748 author: El-Nahal, Fady I.; Husein, Abdel Hakeim M. title: Temperature Dependency of Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser (YDFL) Based on Fabry-Perot Design Operating at 915 nm and 970 nm High Power Pumping Configuration date: 2016-04-12 words: 3193 flesch: 70 summary: Ytterbium (Yb)- doped fiber lasers (YDFLs) have attracted great interest be- cause they offer the advantages of compact size and struc- ture, high gain, guided mode propagation, highly stable pro- cesses, their outstanding thermo-optical properties and high doping levels are possible There are several theoretical analyses of the YDFL based on rate equations and power differential transmission with fixed or variant parameters of the fiber laser, the results of which are im- portant for optimization of fiber lasers. keywords: fiber; laser; output; power; pump; temperature cache: jert-1748.pdf plain text: jert-1748.txt item: #74 of 127 id: jert-1805 author: Asfour, Omar S.; Alsousi, Raghda M. title: Exploring Residents’ Attitude towards Implementing Housing Design Flexibility in the Gaza Strip date: 2016-07-16 words: 5787 flesch: 57 summary: This study addresses the potential of housing design flexibility as a possible solution. Several other ideas can also be implemented to enhance housing design flexibility such as: - Functional swap between spaces. keywords: design; design flexibility; flexibility; furniture; gaza; housing; questionnaire; residents; study; unit cache: jert-1805.pdf plain text: jert-1805.txt item: #75 of 127 id: jert-1873 author: Haddad, Eyad title: QUANTITIES PREDICTOR MODEL (QPM) BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR GAZA STRIP BUILDING CONTRACTORS date: 2016-07-24 words: 5598 flesch: 53 summary: TABLE 4 Results of neural network model at testing phase Case Actual quantity of ce- ment (ton) Actual quantity of steel (ton) Actual quantity of aggre- gate (ton) 1 13990 2260 45325 2 13090 1850 45300 3 11660 3185 31618 4 13090 2280 45586 5 56928 23878 121032 6 50122 20143 130620 7 57600 22360 121503 8 38604 14511 90656 Estimated quantity of cement (ton) Estimated quantity of steel (ton) Estimated quantity of aggregate (ton) 13066 2221 43458 13066 2221 43458 11552 3081 29817 13066 2221 43458 55589 23566 120774 50062 20117 123818 57283 22292 131209 45681 17483 101933 Absolute Percent- age Er- ror(%) for cement Absolute Percentage Error(%) C losed% F irst P aym ent T ype of project N IS to $ Transp T axes N eeded C em ent N eeded S teel N eeded A ggregate Labour W ages Input Name Sensitivity About the Mean Cement St Ag TABLE 5 Results of neural network model at testing phase Absolute Error AE of Ce- ment (ton) Absolute Error AE of Steel (ton) Absolute Error AE of Agg. (ton) Absolute Error AE of Ce- ment % Absolute Error AE of Steel % Absolute Error AE of Agg. % 924.3343 39.27626 1867.1 7% 2% 4% 24.33432 370.7237 1842.1 0% 20% 4% 108.0029 104.2349 1801.453 1% 3% 6% 24.33432 59.27626 2128.1 0% 3% 5% 1339.272 312.0733 257.0527 2% 1% 0% 59.34351 25.39074 6802.272 0% 0% 5% 316.9003 68.37791 9705.52 1% 0% 8% 7077.461 2971.878 11277.49 18% 20% 12%  keywords: artificial; building; cement; data; error; gaza; model; network; neural; quantities; steel; training cache: jert-1873.pdf plain text: jert-1873.txt item: #76 of 127 id: jert-2006 author: Abu-Taha, Jawdat title: Ultra-Wideband and Low Noise Transimpedance Amplifier date: 2016-11-16 words: 3793 flesch: 62 summary: Schematic of proposed RCG TIA. The layout of the proposed TIA Fig.11 shows the simulation results of input noise current spectral densities of the RCG and the proposed TIA. keywords: amplifier; bandwidth; capacitance; input; noise; rcg; tia; transimpedance; 𝑅 𝐶; 𝑔 𝑅 cache: jert-2006.pdf plain text: jert-2006.txt item: #77 of 127 id: jert-2018 author: Haddad, Eyad; Tayh, Ali title: Factors Affecting Increasing Waste in Gaza Strip Construction Sites date: 2016-11-16 words: 3608 flesch: 58 summary: This study focused on material waste in construction sites in Gaza strip including building work. This study focused on material waste in construction sites in Gaza strip including building work, it also identified the major causes of waste in construction sites and resented a comprehensive analysis of these causes. keywords: construction; group; materials; mean; site; waste cache: jert-2018.pdf plain text: jert-2018.txt item: #78 of 127 id: jert-2043 author: Tamim, Najeh Sadiq; Taha, Ahmad Adnan title: Assessment of Geometric Accuracy of Jordanian Cadastral Maps in the West Bank-Palestine date: 2016-11-16 words: 5623 flesch: 59 summary: Concerning the West Bank, there is a shortage of research related to the assessment of geometric accuracy and computerization of cadastral maps. Point # Using 11 Control Points Using 11 Control Points + 12 Grid Points Using 11 Control Points + 12 Grid Points + 6 observed old Marks Affine RMSE=0.45 Min.Res.=0.04 Max.Res.=0.83 2 nd order Polynomial RMSE=0.32 Min.Res.=0.09 Max. keywords: accuracy; block; cadastral; cadastral maps; control; control points; errors; maps; points cache: jert-2043.pdf plain text: jert-2043.txt item: #79 of 127 id: jert-2060 author: Jendia, shafik M.; Hassan, Noor; Ramlawi, Khadija; Abu-Aisha, Hadeel title: Study of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Self-healing Asphalt date: 2016-11-16 words: 4772 flesch: 56 summary: [% ] % of steel wool by volume of bitumen SHAFIK JENDIA, NOOR HASSAN, KHADIJA RAMLAWI, HADEEL ABU-AISHA/ STUDY OF THE MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL... (2016) 89 Table 8: Properties of SW modified asphalt mix with specifications range It is clearly shown that asphalt mix modified with (4.33% SWC by OBC volume) has a slightly lower stability and stiffness compared to the conventional asphalt mix, but still higher than the specified minimum range. Marshall Method has been used for the design of the asphalt mix to determine the optimum content of SW as well as to obtain the characteristics of SW modified asphalt mixture. keywords: asphalt; bitumen; content; mix; samples; steel; swc; volume cache: jert-2060.pdf plain text: jert-2060.txt item: #80 of 127 id: jert-2094 author: Nemsi, Salima; Belfedhal, Seifeddine Abdelkader; Barazane, Linda title: Role of Flywheel Energy Storage System in Microgrid date: 2016-09-28 words: 3070 flesch: 55 summary: Flywheel rotation speed 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 x 10 5 Time (s) P o w e r (W ) Figure (5): Power storage system 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Time (s) D ir e c t c u rr e n t (A ) But to aggregate different renewable energy sources like solar and wind in order to mitigate CO2 emission and produce clean energy, avoid big power losses, which are principally due both to the large electrical power produced in one place and long transmission lines .Nevertheless, this operation depends strongly on storage systems with power electronic converters for being reliable and controllable. keywords: energy; figure; flywheel; machine; power; reference; storage; system cache: jert-2094.pdf plain text: jert-2094.txt item: #81 of 127 id: jert-2095 author: Barhoom, Tawfiq S.; Nasman, Mohammed I. title: Malware Detection Based on Permissions on Android Platform Using Data Mining date: 2016-09-28 words: 4214 flesch: 46 summary: Due to the weak policy of submitting application to Google Play store, attackers developed malware to attack the users of the Android operating system with malware application or by including malicious code into applications. This method treat all applications as benign except if it’s sufficiently different from training data, so this may mark malware application as benign because there’s not previously added in the training dataset. keywords: android; application; classifier; data; detection; feature; google; malware; method; mobile; permissions; set cache: jert-2095.pdf plain text: jert-2095.txt item: #82 of 127 id: jert-2096 author: Hijjo, Mohammed; Felgner, Felix; Frey, Georg title: Energy Management Scheme for Buildings Subject to Planned Grid Outages date: 2016-09-28 words: 5178 flesch: 58 summary: In spite of that, robust operation of local power systems is complex since power outages are stochastic events, and local energy suppliers have different operation costs, constraints, and efficiency characteristics Conventionally, diesel generators are utilized as emergency backups to lessen the impact of power outages, but they consume a massive amount of fuel in case of extended outage periods. keywords: battery; diesel; energy; genset; grid; load; microgrid; power; supply; system; time cache: jert-2096.pdf plain text: jert-2096.txt item: #83 of 127 id: jert-2097 author: Ghazal, Mohammed Ahmed; Mat Zin, Nor Azan; Muda, Zurina title: Designing Domain Model For Adaptive Web-based Educational System According to Herrmann Whole Brain Model date: 2016-09-28 words: 4682 flesch: 48 summary: The structure of the learning con- tent was designed according to this hierarchy: (1) the C++ course consists of several modules, where each module co- vers only one subject area; for instance, statements, loops and arrays represent three different modules that demon- strate three different subjects; (2) each module consists of different lessons designed to cover a set of learning objec- tives; for instance, the „for loop‟, „while loop‟ and „do while loop‟ are three different lessons related to the module of loop statements; (3) every lesson has different topics designed to achieve different learning objectives; each lesson comprises different global learning objects such as syllabus, objectives, overview and assessments; (4) every topic aims to achieve one learning objective and comprises different fragments represented by the smallest granularity of learning objects such as introduction, abstract, prerequisites, tests (pre-test or final test), example and other learning objects, which present the concepts in the topic with different styles. Learning objects are classified into limited categories with- out including significant learning objects, which may be related to other LSs such as communication LOs, help and support LOs, and several fundamental LOs (e.g., definition, objectives, problems, case studies, experiment information, etc.). keywords: adaptive; brain; learner; learning; metadata; model; objects; preferences; system; web cache: jert-2097.pdf plain text: jert-2097.txt item: #84 of 127 id: jert-2098 author: Shakhshir, Zeina Z.; Abu-Eisheh, Ahmad I.; Abu-Eisheh, Sameer A. title: A Pilot Study on Smart Search for Optimal Parking Space Allocation date: 2016-09-28 words: 2722 flesch: 42 summary: Other research had considered combining GIS with GPS and 3G for searching of parking space and parking guidance and information system, but again without the optimal allocation of parking spaces [7]. The methodology highlights the use of GIS application as the aspect of the application of ad- vanced technologies to arrive at better solutions to ensure optimal parking allocation. keywords: allocation; engineering; network; parking; spaces; university cache: jert-2098.pdf plain text: jert-2098.txt item: #85 of 127 id: jert-2189 author: Alhaddad, Mohammed T.; Skaik, Talal F. title: Design of a Tri-band Double Wire Square Loop Frequency Selective Surface for Mobile Signal Shielding date: 2017-03-06 words: 2448 flesch: 60 summary: FSS structures are two dimensional arrays formed of metallic patch elements or their complementary having apertures and they act like band-stop filter in case of patch elements and as band-pass filters in case of aperture elements. Oth- er broadband shielding FSS structures have been proposed to filter out wide frequency range (i.e. 6.5-14 GHz) keywords: band; frequency; fss; gsm; mhz; square; structure cache: jert-2189.pdf plain text: jert-2189.txt item: #86 of 127 id: jert-2190 author: Mogheir, Yunes k.; Qarroot, Amal title: Treatment of Desalination Brine Using an Experimental Solar Pond date: 2017-03-06 words: 5960 flesch: 63 summary: Solar evaporation ponds are especially suitable to dispose of reject brine from inland desalination plants in arid and semi-arid areas due to the abundance of solar energy. Mirror Angle One mirror Two mirrors Percent reduce in solar pond area % β keywords: brine; desalination; energy; evaporation; mirror; pond; rate; reflector; solar cache: jert-2190.pdf plain text: jert-2190.txt item: #87 of 127 id: jert-2259 author: AbuSamra, Aiman A.; Alnaji, Khaled W. title: Developing A Security Model for Enterprise Networks (SMEN) date: 2017-03-06 words: 3295 flesch: 56 summary: It is not sufficient to use only routers and firewall to provide network security for EN. Authors in [6] proposed a network security model for the campus network. We think this research provides for- mal description of network business security model. keywords: bandwidth; enterprise; model; network; ossec; security; smen; snort; traffic cache: jert-2259.pdf plain text: jert-2259.txt item: #88 of 127 id: jert-2351 author: Alfayoumi, Ibrahim S.; Al Sarraj, Wael F. title: Improving Premium Domain Names Registration for .PS Domain Cctld Basing on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Techniques date: 2017-03-06 words: 4282 flesch: 51 summary: To generate real marketing plans that could achieve the overall goal for the organization which is improving registry for premium domain names, mainly focus on the following types of marketing strategies: (1) Using media and techniques for product promotion, (2) Revision of pricing such domain names, (3) Develop a full package for the domain name like offering the domain with a strategy of use with an idea of an innovation project, (4) Gather all expected names in a domain field and promote it directly to the targeted customers, (5) Find new registrars in neglected regions and (6) Offer domain names according to countries and people culture and polices. Despite of the valuable contributions of the previous related works in helping us recognize and refine our research methodology, our research, focus on the importance of integrating knowledge discovery as DM and knowledge management processes especially in domain name marketing. keywords: .ps; classification; data; domain; knowledge; management; marketing; mining; names; techniques cache: jert-2351.pdf plain text: jert-2351.txt item: #89 of 127 id: jert-2357 author: Matar, Khalil T.; Rabah, Fahid K. J.; Abdelati, Mohammed M. title: Modelica-Based Model for Activated Sludge System date: 2017-07-04 words: 3253 flesch: 52 summary: For the modeling of oxidation ditch process, component models are not found in the standard simulation tool librar- ies. Figure 4: Oxidation ditch system: Completely mixed reactor with solids recycles The biomass concentration in the influent (X0) of this reactor is negligible compared to the biomass concentration in the reactor (X). keywords: concentration; ditch; figure; model; oxidation; sludge; system; treatment; wastewater cache: jert-2357.pdf plain text: jert-2357.txt item: #90 of 127 id: jert-2385 author: Naji, Hamza A.; Ashour, Wesam M.; Alhanjouri, Mohammed A. title: A New Model in Arabic Text Classification Using BPSO/REP-Tree date: 2017-03-06 words: 10566 flesch: 59 summary: [ 20 ] provided a comparative study of Arabic text classification between three types of classifiers (k-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Trees C4.5, and Rocchio Classifier). The third combination of system B is our proposed classifier REP-Tree as we mentioned in the previous experiments which has recently been used by (Kalmegh, 2015), (Patel and Upadhyay, 2012) in English text classification and by (Naji and Ashour, 2016) in Arabic text classification (a pre- vious paper related to the existing paper), as mentioned pre- viously in the past sections specifically in the first section. keywords: arabic; classification; classifier; dataset; measure; news; previous; rep; results; svm; system; table; text; tree cache: jert-2385.pdf plain text: jert-2385.txt item: #91 of 127 id: jert-2390 author: Elaydi, Hatem A; AlSbakhi, Mohammed A title: Hybrid FLC/BFO Controller for Output Voltage Regulation of Zeta Converter date: 2017-07-04 words: 6644 flesch: 60 summary: [8], we note that they made simulations of Zeta converter system using 9, 12, and 15 V as output voltages for the open loop system when the input voltage VS = 12 V. Table 8 illustrates the performance of the normal closed loop FLC/BFO Zeta converter system when VRef =15 V compared with the normal open loop and FLC closed loop systems. keywords: bfo; controller; converter; flc; loop; output; system; voltage; zeta; zeta converter;  ;   cache: jert-2390.pdf plain text: jert-2390.txt item: #92 of 127 id: jert-2433 author: Muhaisen, Ahmed S; Asfour, Omar S title: Developing and Evaluating Training Programs on Energy Efficient Building Design: The IUG Experience, Palestine date: 2017-07-04 words: 3939 flesch: 49 summary: Producing energy efficient buildings is a well-recognized approach of building design and construction to respond to the energy challenges in most countries of the world. University courses offer engi- neering students the opportunity to learn the basic required skills to design and erect energy efficient buildings. keywords: buildings; course; design; efficiency; energy; gaza; program; training cache: jert-2433.pdf plain text: jert-2433.txt item: #93 of 127 id: jert-2523 author: Yasin, Aysar M title: Optimum Design of a Stand-alone Hybrid Energy System for a Remote Village in Palestinian Territories date: 2017-07-04 words: 5837 flesch: 53 summary: V SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION HOMER pro software shows optimization results by revealing only the least-cost configuration within each system category which means that the software suggests different type of schemes with different energy systems. Index Terms— HOMER software; Hybrid energy systems; Stand-alone power systems; Optimization; Rural electrification I INTRODUCTION Palestinian Territories suffer from severe shortage of energy supply as well as the fluctuations of energy prices. keywords: average; cost; diesel; energy; energy system; figure; hybrid; power; pvecs; renewable; system; village; wind cache: jert-2523.pdf plain text: jert-2523.txt item: #94 of 127 id: jert-2525 author: Al-Najar, Husam title: Sustainable household water model: Abasan Al-Kabera as a case study date: 2017-07-04 words: 3998 flesch: 57 summary: Groundwater beneath the urban area of Khan Younis City, southern Gaza Strip (Palestine): hydrochemis- try and water quality. Groundwater beneath the urban area of Khan Younis City, southern Gaza Strip (Palestine): assessment for multi-domestic purposes. keywords: area; gaza; gaza strip; greywater; groundwater; najar; strip; wastewater; water cache: jert-2525.pdf plain text: jert-2525.txt item: #95 of 127 id: jert-2673 author: Abu Zarifa, Hussein KH.; Sarraj, Yahya R. title: Traffic Impact of Planned Gaza Seaport on Major Roads in Gaza Strip, Palestine date: 2017-09-27 words: 4643 flesch: 64 summary: The impact of Gaza Seaport on traffic demand and highway network in Gaza Strip was determined. The impact of the establishment of Gaza Seaport was found to be concentrated on the nearby main roads in the Gaza Strip. keywords: gaza; gaza seaport; gaza strip; intersection; palestine; seaport; strip; traffic; trips cache: jert-2673.pdf plain text: jert-2673.txt item: #96 of 127 id: jert-2710 author: Jendia, shafik M.; AlDahdooh, Ziad; AbuRahma, Mohammed; AbuJayyab, Mahmoud; ElDahdouh, AbdElkarim title: Porous Asphalt: A New Pavement Technology in Palestine date: 2018-03-19 words: 2085 flesch: 60 summary: Figure 1: Typical section of Porous Asphalt pavement. 1 Porous Asphalt: A New Pavement Technology in Palestine Shafik Jendia 1 , Ziad AlDahdooh 2 Mohammed AbuRahma 2 , Mahmoud AbuJayyab 2 , AbdElkarim ElDahdouh 2 . 1, Professor of Highway Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine 2, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine Abstract—Porous Asphalt (PA) is researched and produced in Europe and the United States of America to in- crease the skid resistance of the asphalt surface. keywords: asphalt; bitumen; pavement; table cache: jert-2710.pdf plain text: jert-2710.txt item: #97 of 127 id: jert-2900 author: EL-Halees, Alaa M. title: Arabic Text Genre Classification date: 2017-09-27 words: 3608 flesch: 56 summary: Index Terms— Text genre, text genre classification, Arabic language processing, text mining, machine learning methods. Some works deal with other languages, but in Arabic, which is a language for Millions of people, there is no work in text genre classification. keywords: arabic; classification; document; features; genre; language; machine; text; words cache: jert-2900.pdf plain text: jert-2900.txt item: #98 of 127 id: jert-2901 author: Zaro, Fouad R. title: True Multi-Objective Optimal Power Flow in a Deregulated Environment Using Intelligent Technique date: 2017-09-27 words: 5885 flesch: 54 summary: [7] J. Yuryevich and K. P. Wong, Evolutionary Program- ming Based Optimal Power Flow Algorithm, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. [45] J. Yuryevich and K. P. Wong, Evolutionary Program- ming Based Optimal Power Flow Algorithm, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. keywords: cost; flow; ieee; nondominated; objective; optimal; optimization; pareto; particle; power; problem; set; swarm; systems; technique; vol cache: jert-2901.pdf plain text: jert-2901.txt item: #99 of 127 id: jert-2923 author: Skaik, Ahmed Z.; Ashour, Wesam M. title: Combining IWC and PSO to Enhance Data Clustering date: 2017-09-27 words: 3480 flesch: 63 summary: Since PSO algorithm was showed to successfully converge during the initial stages of a global search, but around global optimum, the search process will become very slow. Generally, at the beginning stag- es of PSO algorithm, the inertial weight ω should decrease rapidly, once the swarm converge around the optimum solu- tion, the inertial weight must decrease slowly. keywords: algorithm; clustering; data; iwc; particle; pso; swarm cache: jert-2923.pdf plain text: jert-2923.txt item: #100 of 127 id: jert-3219 author: Al Habbash, Alaa H.; Abu Hudrouss, Ammar M. title: Turbo-Coded V-BLAST/MAP MIMO System date: 2018-03-19 words: 3736 flesch: 62 summary: Whereas the gain in case of symbol ordering for Turbo code with MMSE detection technique is 5.3 dB at symbol error rate of 10−2. Figure 12 shows comparison of the symbol error rate perfor- mance for VBLAST/MMSE without coding and V- BLAST/MMSE with using Turbo code techniques with 4×4 antennas and 16-QAM modulation. keywords: blast; figure; map; mimo; mmse; performance; turbo cache: jert-3219.pdf plain text: jert-3219.txt item: #101 of 127 id: jert-3241 author: El-Hallaq, Maher A. title: The Impact of Sea Groins in the Egyptian Side of Rafah on the Erosion of the Beaches of the Southern Area of the Gaza Strip Using Remote Sensing and GIS date: 2017-12-19 words: 3582 flesch: 65 summary: This study is emphasized that the coastal band is considered as a critical area, it is therefore necessary to move all stakeholders to monitor and protect the southern area of Gaza Strip beach from the risk of drift that threatens vital installations and environmental parameter along the beach, such as streets, hotels, tourism facilities, mosques and houses. The rapid increase of population on Gaza coastal area leads to depletion of the coastal zone resources and change the coastal morphology. keywords: area; change; erosion; gaza; rafah; rate; strip cache: jert-3241.pdf plain text: jert-3241.txt item: #102 of 127 id: jert-3337 author: AlBorsh, Hussam A.; Ghabayen, Said M. title: Solar energy to optimize the cost of RO desalination plant case study: Deir Elbalah SWRO plant in Gaza strip date: 2017-12-19 words: 4172 flesch: 52 summary: III MATERIALS AND METHODS A First Stage: Data Collection There were three main types of collected data to model energy source scenarios in the SWRO plant, power consumption data of the SWRO desalination plant, a new energy source data that was solar energy system and investment costs to establish this plant. Combined Energy System (CES) Figure (9), represents the third scenario of the proposed plant, that depended on solar energy system combined with the traditional source that is known as (On Grid System) keywords: cost; desalination; energy; figure; gaza; grid; plant; swro; system; water cache: jert-3337.pdf plain text: jert-3337.txt item: #103 of 127 id: jert-3350 author: Arafa, Mohamed; Tayeh, Bassam A.; Alqedra, Mamoun; Shihada, Samir; Hanoona, Hesham title: Investigating the Effect of Sulfate Attack on Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete date: 2017-12-20 words: 3660 flesch: 64 summary: Tabsh, S.W. and A.S. Abdelfatah, Influence of recycled concrete aggregates on strength properties of concrete. Generally the compressive strength of concrete with using recycled coarse aggregate lower than when use natural coarse aggregate. keywords: aggregate; astm; concrete; strength; table cache: jert-3350.pdf plain text: jert-3350.txt item: #104 of 127 id: jert-3414 author: AlBoursh, Khalil M.; Alborsh, Hussam A. title: Modeling Disputes -RMFA- as Decision Support System -DSS- To Proceed Through Arbitration Khalil M. AlBoursh1, Hussam A. AlBorsh2 date: 2018-07-21 words: 3864 flesch: 47 summary: Mathematical model, Regret Model for Arbitration (RMFA), has been built as a Decision Support System (DSS) which will recommend the user (contractor) whether to proceed to arbitration or not. [5] Wang JJ, Jing YY, Zhang CF et al (2010) Review on multi-criteria decision analysis aid in sustainable energy decision-making. keywords: arbitration; criteria; decision; disputes; model; regret cache: jert-3414.pdf plain text: jert-3414.txt item: #105 of 127 id: jert-3532 author: Hilles, Mahmoud M.; Ziara, Mohammed M. title: Mechanical Behavior of High Strength Concrete Reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer date: 2018-09-24 words: 6181 flesch: 63 summary: For new materials like high strength glass fiber reinforced concrete (HSGFRC), studies on mechanical behavior are of paramount important for initializing confidence in engineers. The conventional fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) made by adding fibers in normal strength concrete (NSC) only exhibits an increase in ductility compared with the plain matrix, whereas high strength fiber reinforced concrete (HSFRC) made by adding fibers in HSC exhibits substantial strain hard- ening type of response which leads to a large improvement in both strength and toughness compared with the plain matrix [2]. keywords: compressive; concrete; days; fiber; figure; gfrp; hsc; percentage; strength cache: jert-3532.pdf plain text: jert-3532.txt item: #106 of 127 id: jert-3834 author: Al Hallaq, Khalid title: Critical Factors Causing Contractor's Business Failure in Gaza Strip date: 2019-07-06 words: 7451 flesch: 58 summary: Table (3): Total variance explained by factor analysis for the final run of business failure factors C o m p o n e n t Initial Eigen- values Extraction Sums of Squared Load- ings Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings T o ta l % o f V a r i- a n c e C u m u la ti v e % T o ta l % o f V a r i- a n c e C u m u la ti v e % T o ta l % o f V a r i- a n c e C u m u la ti v e % 1 8.0 90 28. 89 4 28. Figure (1): Scree plot of business failure factors Khalid Al Hallaq/ Critical Factors Causing Contractor's Business Failure in Gaza Strip 16 2. keywords: analysis; business; business failure; causes; company; component; construction; contractor; factors; failure; gaza; industry; items; management; strip; variables cache: jert-3834.pdf plain text: jert-3834.txt item: #107 of 127 id: jert-3845 author: Tayeh, Bassam A.; Al Saffar, Doha M. title: Utilization of Waste Iron Powder as Fine Aggregate in Cement Mortar date: 2018-07-21 words: 3024 flesch: 60 summary: Flow table test results [12] revealed a reduction in diameter with increased waste IP compared with the reference mixture; the reduction was approximately 2.95%, 3.73%, 4.41%, and 5.44% for MPI1, MPI2, MPI3, and MPI4 mixtures, respectively. The effects of adding 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of waste IP as a natural sand replacement were assessed and compared. keywords: cement; days; fip; iron; mortar; strength; waste cache: jert-3845.pdf plain text: jert-3845.txt item: #108 of 127 id: jert-3858 author: Tayeh, Bassam A.; Hasaniyah, Mohammed; Anza, Mohammed; Abed, Mohammed title: Applying Reused Steel Bars to New Constructions (A Case Study in Gaza Strip) date: 2018-03-28 words: 3534 flesch: 67 summary: The ex- traction of steel bars under the supervision of a specialist has clearly enhanced the performance of reused steel bars. Index Terms: CO2 emissions, Bend & Re-bend test, Destroyed buildings, Gaza Strip, Reused steel bars, Tensile test. keywords: bars; construction; gaza; mohammed; pass; slab; steel; test cache: jert-3858.pdf plain text: jert-3858.txt item: #109 of 127 id: jert-4416 author: Ammar, Suheir M. S. title: Assessment of Educational Outputs of Low-income Housing Project date: 2018-09-24 words: 7536 flesch: 65 summary: Privacy is more difficult to be achieved in small area apartments, and natural lighting and ventilation are not easy to be achieved in attached apartments. It also examines the students‟ ac- ceptability of the idea of small attached apartments via a questionnaire. keywords: apartments; area; case; courtyard; gaza; housing; income; living; room; students cache: jert-4416.pdf plain text: jert-4416.txt item: #110 of 127 id: jert-4630 author: Alqedra, Mamoun A. title: Influence of Internal Curing on the Mechanical Properties of Normal Strength Concrete date: 2018-09-24 words: 4177 flesch: 60 summary: Compressive strength at 7, 28 and 90 days of the 0% and 20% CP content samples are presented in Fig- ure 8. Figure 8. [7] O. M. Jensen and P. Lura, Techniques and materials for internal water curing of concrete, Materials and Structures, vol. keywords: aggregates; compressive; concrete; curing; days; samples; strength cache: jert-4630.pdf plain text: jert-4630.txt item: #111 of 127 id: jert-4669 author: Arafa, Mohammed H. title: Incorporation of waste glass and bottom ash in concrete construction date: 2018-09-24 words: 4477 flesch: 62 summary: Figure 4: Compressive strength for glass powder contents with respect to specimen age Figure 5: Failure Mode of concrete specimens with 10% of glass powder after 60 days 3.3 Compressive strength of Bottom Ash Samples The compressive strength of the specimens with raw bottom-ash replacing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of cement content is presented in Figures 6 and 7. Abstract This research investigated the effect of incorporating waste glass powder and raw bottom ash in concrete construction. keywords: ash; cement; compressive; concrete; days; glass; powder; strength cache: jert-4669.pdf plain text: jert-4669.txt item: #112 of 127 id: jert-4738 author: El-Sawalhi, Nabil I.; Alyazji, Belal N. title: Identification of Factors Affecting Special Hardship Cases Shelters’ Interventions at Gaza Strip – UNRWA date: 2018-12-04 words: 7443 flesch: 49 summary: There are objectives will be pursued within the framework of a comprehensive and inte- grated approach to shelter interventions, as Shelter rehabili- tation, re-construction & re-housing for SHCs. V METHODOLOGY Literatures of the factors affecting shelters assessment, most affecting parameters in shelters interventions and their im- provements were reviewed. keywords: building; factors; families; field; housing; intervention; item; mean; respondents; shelter; test; unrwa; value cache: jert-4738.pdf plain text: jert-4738.txt item: #113 of 127 id: jert-5240 author: Abu Musameh, Samah A.; Alqedra, Mamoun A.; Arafa, Mohammed H; Agha, Salah R title: Developing a Framework for Implementing Green- Lean Construction Techniques date: 2018-12-26 words: 7936 flesch: 51 summary: Machine cost sub-criteria ranks as the second with a weight of 0.036, this high rank can be justified by the fact that ma- chines save time, money and give a sequence reliable per- formance. Weights of cost sub-criteria The study analyzed many cost sub criterion that influence the proposed framework in order to integrate the traditional construction with green-lean techniques as shown in Table (7). keywords: alternative; construction; cost; criteria; design; framework; green; lean; material; process; sub; table; techniques; time; value cache: jert-5240.pdf plain text: jert-5240.txt item: #114 of 127 id: jert-5330 author: Abualtayef, Mazen; Oukal, Yousef; Ghabayen, Said; Eila, Mohamed; AbuEltayef, Hatem title: Households’ Affordability and Willingness to Pay for Water Services in Khan Younis City, Palestine date: 2019-11-18 words: 4697 flesch: 56 summary: Transactions Template JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 6, ISSUE 2, OCTOBER 2019 21 Households’ Affordability and Willingness to Pay for Water Services in Khan Younis City, Palestine Mazen Abualtayef 1 , Yousef Oukal 1 , Said Ghabayen 1 , Mohamed Eila 2 , Hatem AbuEltayef 3 1 Environmental Engineering Department, the Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine 2 Projects and International Cooperation Environmental Quality Affairs, Palestine 3 Water Department, Municipality of Khan Younis, Palestine Abstract— Willingness and affordability to pay for water services are significant factors in deciding the success and failure of water supply services. Due to the fact that households’ willingness to pay for water services are too heavily influenced by specific circumstances, culture, and various social-economic factors, this study aimed at offering a comprehensive picture of the willingness and affordability of household to pay for water services in Khan Younis City. keywords: households; municipality; pay; quality; respondents; satisfaction; services; water; willingness cache: jert-5330.pdf plain text: jert-5330.txt item: #115 of 127 id: jert-5365 author: Maghari, Ashraf Y.; Zendah, Jehad H. title: Detecting Significant Events in Arabic Microblogs using Soft Frequent Pattern Mining date: 2019-03-06 words: 6394 flesch: 66 summary: Many researches have been conducted for event detection on the English language, but, Arabic context has not received much research. Event detection from text has been addressed by many researchers; they employed different techniques from many fields such as machine learning, data and text mining, and natural language processing. keywords: approach; arabic; dataset; detection; event; features; microblogs; mining; pattern; time; triggers; tweets; twitter; words cache: jert-5365.pdf plain text: jert-5365.txt item: #116 of 127 id: jert-5437 author: Jendia, shafik M.; Krezem, Mousa title: Producing Porous Asphalt in Palestine According to ASTM D7064 date: 2019-03-06 words: 3621 flesch: 57 summary: Aim of the research is to produce porous asphalt according to ASTM D7064 and to study the different characteristics and properties of porous asphalt. A layer of porous asphalt with thickness varies in the range of 20-100 mm and an air void ratio that is generally between 18 – 22 % is normally placed as an overlay on top of an existing conventional concrete or asphalt surface. keywords: air; asphalt; astm; bitumen; content; d7064; palestine cache: jert-5437.pdf plain text: jert-5437.txt item: #117 of 127 id: jert-5473 author: Alqataa, Ahmhd Mohammed; Bekirov, Eskender A.; Murta, Ennan R. title: Development of a Device for Measuring Parameters of the Sea Wave date: 2019-06-24 words: 4956 flesch: 61 summary: The given theoretical studies of wave parameters determines wave speed, height, period and frequency in a digital form. The task is solved due to the fact that the device for measuring parameters of sea waves contains of units for measuring the speed and height of the wave, the unit for receiving and transmitting these parameters of the waveswhich includes an ultrasonic sensor for measuring the level of wave height which is connected with its output via an encoder with the input of the microcontroller, as well as an infrared radiation sensor the signal from which is fed to a disk encoder that has holes through which the light signal from the infrared radiation sensor enters on the receiving device and depending on the duration and the pulse wave speed can be determined; the disk rotation is due to the screw and reducer. keywords: device; parameters; sea; sea wave; sensor; speed; wave cache: jert-5473.pdf plain text: jert-5473.txt item: #118 of 127 id: jert-7292 author: Itma, Mohammed A.; Atmeh, Maha A. title: Cul-de-sac in the sky "Re-reading Habitat 67" date: 2019-11-18 words: 4377 flesch: 67 summary: However, it is an important urban element used for articulating vernacular housing in the Arab cities to form a wide range of cluster. We can observe its benefits by the exist- ence of vernacular housing of Palestine 8 . keywords: cul; habitat; housing; sac; space; streets; vernacular cache: jert-7292.pdf plain text: jert-7292.txt item: #119 of 127 id: jert-7790 author: Abusafa, Abdraheem; yasin, aysar M title: Effect of Pressure on the Performance of Passive Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon System Using R-134a date: 2020-04-26 words: 3469 flesch: 52 summary: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of pressure on heat transfer, heat transfer coefficients, and overall heat transfer coefficients. Fig.7.Comparison between heat transfer coefficients for R134a at different heat loads and condenser cooling modes (FC and NC) Fig. keywords: coefficient; evaporator; heat; heat transfer; pressure; system; thermosyphon; transfer cache: jert-7790.pdf plain text: jert-7790.txt item: #120 of 127 id: jert-7899 author: Qrenawi, Luay I.; Abu Shomar, Reem title: Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Contamination Case Study: Gaza Strip date: 2020-04-26 words: 7010 flesch: 52 summary: RISK ASSESSMENT Using risk assessment as decision making process tool has given more importance in the last two decades, because it has become evident that different statuses cannot be easily referred to as either safe or unsafe (Langley et al., 2002). Luay I. Qrenawi, Reem Abu Shomar/ Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Contamination Case Study: Gaza Strip (2020) 15 STEPS OF RISK ASSESSMENT: Risk assessment involves four distinct steps; they are: 1. keywords: assessment; case; gaza; gaza strip; governorates; groundwater; health; infants; nitrate; risk; risk assessment; strip; study; water; wells cache: jert-7899.pdf plain text: jert-7899.txt item: #121 of 127 id: jert-8412 author: Ibbini, Mohammed S.; Al-Obeidallah, Areen G. title: Maximum Power Point Tracking Control for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System under Partial Shading Conditions date: 2020-10-01 words: 5428 flesch: 59 summary: In order to benefit from the active bypass features, with accreditation of shadow detection method which based on digital image processing technique, this approach uses a pulse width modulator (PMW) to control the ac- tive bypass circuit by defining the gate signals of the MOSFET. PV output power without a shadow 225w PV output power with shadow 182.35w PV output current without a shadow 15A PV output current with shadow 13.5A M. Ibbini and A. Al-Obeidallah/ Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Method for Grid -Connected Photovoltaic System under Partially Shaded Conditions (2020) 10 Fig. keywords: bypass; circuit; image; method; output; power; shaded; shadow; system cache: jert-8412.pdf plain text: jert-8412.txt item: #122 of 127 id: jert-8413 author: Ibbini, Mohammed S.; Adawi, Abdullah H. title: Investigation of Power Quality Indices in Jordan University of Science and Technology Grid-Tie Photovoltaic Plant date: 2020-10-01 words: 2926 flesch: 55 summary: Index Terms—Power quality, Power factor, THD, Photovoltaic, PV Module, and MATLAB/SIMSCAPE. Power flow direction and power quality (harmonics and voltage fluctuation) at the user side are affected after the PV system connected to the distribution network [1]. keywords: grid; maximum; power; quality; system; values; voltage cache: jert-8413.pdf plain text: jert-8413.txt item: #123 of 127 id: jert-8540 author: Dawwas, Emad B. title: Integrated Land Use and Transportation Modeling within Data-Poor Contexts date: 2020-10-01 words: 4579 flesch: 50 summary: al. (2006) used a new method for estimating data imputation for data from an auto- matic traffic recorder (ATR) in Alberta, Canada. Emad B. Dawwas/ Integrated Land Use and Transportation Modeling within Data-Poor Contexts (2020) 19 There are many studies concentrating on different methodolo- gies for analyzing missing data, including basic concepts and applications of multiple imputation techniques and for analyz- ing results from multiply imputed data sets (Yang, 2002). keywords: data; land; level; modeling; models; study; transportation; urban; use cache: jert-8540.pdf plain text: jert-8540.txt item: #124 of 127 id: jert-8822 author: Alastal, Abdelkhalek I.; Salha, Raed A.; El-Hallaq, Maher A. title: Blockchain-Based Quality of Service for Healthcare System in the Gaza Strip date: 2020-10-01 words: 9247 flesch: 59 summary: This indicates the importance of the fourth-dimension data in terms of documenting the movement of access to EHR data. Improving the performance of EHR programs to deal with a large amount of health data, which is sig- nificantly enlarged. keywords: access; blockchain; data; ehr; gaza; health; healthcare; information; medical; patient; record; strip; study; system; table; technology cache: jert-8822.pdf plain text: jert-8822.txt item: #125 of 127 id: jert-9033 author: Jahjouh, Mahmoud M. title: A Stress-State based Peridynamics model for elastio-plastic material modeling date: 2021-03-01 words: 4034 flesch: 69 summary: The SSPD fails to capture compression correctly mainly due to the absence of contact forces particles used in the PD analysis. The SSPD fails to capture compression correctly main- ly due to the absence of contact forces particles used in the PD analysis. keywords: bar; bond; model; peridynamics; state; strain; stress cache: jert-9033.pdf plain text: jert-9033.txt item: #126 of 127 id: jert-9380 author: Barhoom, Tawfiq S.; Abu Shawish, Mahmoud Y. title: Text File Privacy on the Cloud Based on Diagonal Fragmentation and Encryption date: 2021-03-02 words: 5029 flesch: 58 summary: This study aimed to develop an effective cloud confidentiality model based on combining fragmentation and encryption of text files to compensate for reported deficiency in encryption methods. The fragmentation method used the strategy of dividing text files into two triangles through the axis. keywords: accuracy; cloud; confidentiality; data; encryption; file; fragmentation; model; privacy; text; time cache: jert-9380.pdf plain text: jert-9380.txt item: #127 of 127 id: jert-9664 author: El-Hallaq, Maher A. title: Enhancing the Documentation Process of Traffic Accidents Registry in Gaza City Using GIS date: 2021-03-01 words: 4498 flesch: 53 summary: This application helps to electronically collect traffic accidents data in a single place and consequently enhance sharing, documenting, managing and analyzing it. Every year in Egypt, about 12,000 Egyptians lose their lives as a result of road traffic accidents. keywords: accidents; analysis; city; data; gaza; gaza city; gis; road; traffic; traffic accidents; vehicle cache: jert-9664.pdf plain text: jert-9664.txt