Layout 1 [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] [page 43] A contribution to the knowledge of Euphorinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with six new records from Iran S. Farahani,1 A.A. Talebi,1 E. Rakhshani2 1Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran; 2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran Abstract A survey was conducted for identification of Euphorinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the northern provinces of Iran. The specimens were collected using Malaise traps during 2010-2011. In all, 9 species in four genera consisting of Allurus Förster, Dinocampus Förster, Peristenus Nees and Perilitus Nees were collected and identi- fied. The genus Allurus is recorded for the first time from Iran. Six species are newly recorded for the Iranian fauna including Allurus muricatus (Haliday), Peristenus pallipes Curtis, Peristenus relictus (Ruthe), Perilitus (Townesilitus) bicolor (Wesmael), Perilitus foveola- tus Reinhard and Perilitus rutilus (Nees). Morphological diagnostic characters and geographical distribution of the species are briefly dis- cussed. A key is presented for identification of the genera and species in the studied area. Introduction Euphorinae Förster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a rather large cosmopolitan subfamily of braconid wasps (van Achterberg & Quicke, 2000). This subfamily comprises 55 genera worldwide of which 30 genera were found in the Palaearctic region (Tobias, 1995; Yu et al., 2012). van Achterberg (1994) recognized four tribes in this subfamily (Euphorini, Cosmophorini, Centistini, Meteorini), while Yu et al. (2012) listed 15 tribes (Centistini, Cosmophorini, Cryptoxilonini, Dinocampini, Euphorini, Helorimorphini, Mannokeraiini, Meteorini, Myiocephalini, Neoneurini, Oncometeorini, Perilitini, Proclithrophorini, Syntretini, and Tainitermini). A wide range of morphological variability within the subfamily Euphorinae, allow them to parasitize very different orders of insects including Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Psocoptera, Hymenoptera, Neuroptera and Orthoptera (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991). Members of Euphorinae develop as solitary or gregarious endoparasitoids on larvae and adults of other insects (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991; Belokobylskij, 2000b). This subfamily is readily recognizable by the following charac- ters: having two submarginal cells in the forewing, first metasomal ter- gite distinctly petiolate (van Achterberg, 1993; Shaw & Huddleston, 1991), spiracles of first metasomal tergite usually located medially or behind middle of the tergite, vein CUlb of forewing absent or nearly so (van Achterberg, 1993). The taxonomy of the subfamily Euphorinae was studied by various authors (Loan, 1974; Shaw, 1985, 1996; Belokobylskij, 1992; van Achterberg, 1994; Chen & van Achterberg, 1997; Haeselbarth, 1988, 1998, 1999; van Achterberg and Quicke, 2000; Shaw & Marsh, 2000; Belokobylskij, 2000b; van Achterberg & Haeselbarth, 2003; Boring, 2010; Stigenberg & Ronquist, 2011). Comparatively, a considerable amount of data have been published about the biology of Euphorinae (Loan, 1983; Chen & van Achterberg, 1997; Belokobylskij, 2000b; Maetô, 1988, 1990; Papp, 1994; Zijp & Blommers, 2002; Waloff, 1967; Phillips & Baird, 2001; Bilewicz-Pawinska, 1990). The north of Iran is characterized by two different ecological zones that are separated by the Alborz Mountains: Hyrcanian (Caspian) (Figure 1) and Iran-o-Turanian zones. The Hyrcanian zone includes Alborz range forest steppe, Caspian mixed forest and Caspian lowland desert. The Iran-o-Turanian zone includes both mountains and plain areas dominated by a desert climate and a hot summer. These zones form diverse and vast regions of mountain, lush irrigated lowlands, wetland and desert with a great biodiversity, which is associated with the diverse flora, topographical irregularity and the xeric landscapes (Heshmati, 2007). The subfamily Euphorinae in Iran is very poorly studied. Seven tribes and 20 species are listed (as genus-species) from Centistini (1- 1), Dinocampini (1-1), Euphorini (3-5), Meteorini (2-6), Neoneurini (1-1), Perilitini (2-4) and Syntretini (1-2) (Fallahzadeh & Saghaei, 2010; Ghahari et al., 2009a, 2009b, 2010; Ghahari & Fischer, 2011; Correspondence: Ali Asghar Talebi, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98.21.48292371 - Fax: +98.21.48292200. E-mail: talebia@modares.ac.ir Key words: Braconidae, Euphorinae, first records, Iran. Acknowledgements: we would like to thank the Department of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University for providing financial support. The authors are most grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their valuable com- ments and suggestions on an earlier version of this paper. Our cordial thanks are also expressed to Dr. Cornelis van Achterberg for his cooperation in this work and identification of some species. We thank Mr. M. Khayrandish, A. Mohammadi and Mr. A. Nadimi for helping us in collecting the specimens. Received for publication: 5 November 2012. Revision received: 9 April 2013. Accepted for publication: 30 May 2013. ©Copyright S. Farahani et al., 2013 Licensee PAGEPress, Italy Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9 doi:10.4081/jear.2013.e9 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (by-nc 3.0) which permits any noncom- mercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the orig- inal author(s) and source are credited. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2012; volume 44:eJournal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; volume 45:e9 Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 43 No n- co mm er cia l subfamily Euphorinae, allow them to parasitize very different orders of No n- co mm er cia l subfamily Euphorinae, allow them to parasitize very different orders ofinsects including Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Psocoptera, Hymenoptera, No n- co mm er cia l insects including Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Psocoptera, Hymenoptera,Neuroptera and Orthoptera (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991). Members of No n- co mm er cia l Neuroptera and Orthoptera (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991). Members of Euphorinae develop as solitary or gregarious endoparasitoids on larvae No n- co mm er cia l Euphorinae develop as solitary or gregarious endoparasitoids on larvae and adults of other insects (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991; Belokobylskij, No n- co mm er cia l and adults of other insects (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991; Belokobylskij, No n- co mm er cia l No n- co mm er cia l Correspondence: Ali Asghar Talebi, Department of Entomology, Faculty of No n- co mm er cia l Correspondence: Ali Asghar Talebi, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. No n- co mm er cia l Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. Key words: Braconidae, Euphorinae, first records, Iran. No n- co mm er cia l Key words: Braconidae, Euphorinae, first records, Iran. Acknowledgements: we would like to thank the Department of Entomology, No n- co mm er cia l Acknowledgements: we would like to thank the Department of Entomology, No n- co mm er cia l Tarbiat Modares University for providing financial support. The authors are No n- co mm er cia l Tarbiat Modares University for providing financial support. The authors are most grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their valuable com-No n- co mm er cia l most grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their valuable com-No n- co mm er cia l ments and suggestions on an earlier version of this paper. Our cordialNo n- co mm er cia l ments and suggestions on an earlier version of this paper. Our cordial us e listed 15 tribes (Centistini, Cosmophorini, Cryptoxilonini, Dinocampini, us e listed 15 tribes (Centistini, Cosmophorini, Cryptoxilonini, Dinocampini, Euphorini, Helorimorphini, Mannokeraiini, Meteorini, Myiocephalini, us e Euphorini, Helorimorphini, Mannokeraiini, Meteorini, Myiocephalini,Neoneurini, Oncometeorini, Perilitini, Proclithrophorini, Syntretini, us e Neoneurini, Oncometeorini, Perilitini, Proclithrophorini, Syntretini, and Tainitermini). A wide range of morphological variability within theus e and Tainitermini). A wide range of morphological variability within the subfamily Euphorinae, allow them to parasitize very different orders ofus e subfamily Euphorinae, allow them to parasitize very different orders of on ly large cosmopolitan subfamily of braconid wasps (van Achterberg & on ly large cosmopolitan subfamily of braconid wasps (van Achterberg & Quicke, 2000). This subfamily comprises 55 genera worldwide of which on lyQuicke, 2000). This subfamily comprises 55 genera worldwide of which30 genera were found in the Palaearctic region (Tobias, 1995; Yu on ly30 genera were found in the Palaearctic region (Tobias, 1995; Yu 2012). van Achterberg (1994) recognized four tribes in this subfamily on ly2012). van Achterberg (1994) recognized four tribes in this subfamily (Euphorini, Cosmophorini, Centistini, Meteorini), while Yu on ly (Euphorini, Cosmophorini, Centistini, Meteorini), while Yu listed 15 tribes (Centistini, Cosmophorini, Cryptoxilonini, Dinocampini,on ly listed 15 tribes (Centistini, Cosmophorini, Cryptoxilonini, Dinocampini, Euphorini, Helorimorphini, Mannokeraiini, Meteorini, Myiocephalini, on ly Euphorini, Helorimorphini, Mannokeraiini, Meteorini, Myiocephalini, [page 44] [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] Lashkari-Bod et al., 2011; Farahani et al., 2012). The objective of this study was to determine the species of the subfamily Euphorinae, as a primary step to understand the situation of this large and diverse group of insects in northern provinces of Iran and to provide a reference col- lection at Tarbiat Modares University. Materials and methods The present study was carried out in four northern provinces includ- ing, Guilan, Mazandaran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces. The specimens were collected using 32 Malaise traps; 16 traps were set up in northern slopes and 16 traps in southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains in both ecosystems, during 2010 and 2011 (Figure 2). The specimens were extracted from the Malaise traps and sorted weekly. They were then treated with 70% ethanol and finally placed on a paper plate for drying. The dried specimens were then mounted on triangular papers and labeled. The external morphology of specimens were studied using an Olympus SZX9 stereomicroscope. Identifications were performed based on Loan (1974), Tobias (1995) and Haeselbarth (1999). Illustrations were taken using an Olympus SZX9 stereomicroscope and Olympus AX70 microscope equipped with a Sony CCD digital camera. Morphological terminology follows van Achterberg (1993). All the mate- rials were deposited in the insect collection of the Department of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. Article Figure 1. Habitats of Guilan province located in the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountain. Figure 2. Iran-Alborz, Qazvin, Guilan and Mazandaran provinces, where the Euphorinae species were collected by Malaise trap. Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 44 No n- co mm er cia l No n- co mm er cia l No n- co mm er cia l u se Figure 1. Habitats of Guilan province located in the northern us e Figure 1. Habitats of Guilan province located in the northern us e us e slopes of the Alborz Mountain. us e slopes of the Alborz Mountain.o nlyon ly on ly Figure 1. Habitats of Guilan province located in the northernon ly Figure 1. Habitats of Guilan province located in the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountain. on ly slopes of the Alborz Mountain. Results Four genera including nine species of Euphorinae (Hym.: Braconidae) were collected and identified from northern Iran. They include three pre- viously reported species, Perilitus aethiops Nees, Perilitus stelleri (Loan) and Dinocampus coccinellae (Schrank), and six newly recorded species for the Iranian fauna, Allurus muricatus Haliday, Peristenus pallipes Curtis, Peristenus relictus (Ruthe), Perilitus (Townesilitus) bicolor (Wesmael), Perilitus foveolatus Reinhard, Perilitus rutilus (Nees), which are marked with an asterisk in the text. *Allurus muricatus (Haliday, 1833) (Figures 3A-3E) SYNONYMS: Ancylus muricatus Haliday, 1833; Leiophron (Ancylus) muricatus Haliday, 1835; Leiophron muricatus Reinhard, 1862; Liophron muricatus Marshall, 1872; Centistes muricatus Rudow, 1918; Centistes (Allurus) muricatus Hellen, 1958; Allurus muricatus Forster, 1862; Leiophron armatus Wesmael, 1835. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m a.s.l.), 24.5.2011, 1♀; 08.6.2011, 3♀; 21.6.2011, 1♂, leg. A. Nadimi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.5-3.0 mm; antennae 30-31 segmented; length of fore wing 2.3-2.9 mm; pterostig- ma slightly shorter than vein 1-R1 (about 0.9¥); marginal cell long; vein M+CU1 unsclerotized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing present (Figure 3B); first abdominal tergite sessile; third abdominal sternite with 2 denticles (Figure 3C); hind coax with a large denticle (Figure 3D); claws cleft (Figure 3E). COLORATION: Antennae dark brown; head, thorax and first abdomi- nal tergite black; second and third abdominal tergites reddish brown but reminder tergites black; legs reddish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). New record from Iran. Dinocampus coccinellae (Schrank, 1802) (Figures 4A, 4B) SYNONYMS: Dinocampus americanus (Riley, 1888); Dinocampus sculptus (Cresson, 1872); Dinocampus terminatus (Nees, 1811). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Alborz province, Shahriar (35º40’08.01”N, 50º56’56.64”E, 1168 m a.s.l.), 10.9.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 24.10.2010, 1♀; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m a.s.l.), 09.5.2011, 1♀; leg. A. Mohammadi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 4.0 mm; antennae 22-23 segmented; length of fore wing 3.2 mm; pterostigma longer than vein 1-R1 (1.5¥); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclero- tized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing present (Figure 4B); first abdominal tergite sessile; dorsope and laterope absent; ovipositor slen- der, about as long as first abdominal tergite; claws simple. COLORATION: Antennae dark brown; head and fore legs reddish brown; thorax, first abdominal tergite, middle and hind legs black. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Australasian, Europe, Nearectic, Neotropical, Oceanic, Oriental, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). REMARKS: Dinocampus is small cosmopolitan genus with one species in the Palaearctic region, e.g. D. coccinellae (Chen & van Achterberg, 1997). Perilitus aethiops Nees, 1834 (Figures 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A) SYNONYMS: Perilitus aethiopoides (Loan, 1975); Perilitus brevispina (Thomson, 1892); Perilitus spurius (Ruthe, 1856). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Alborz province, Chalous Road, Shahrestanak (35º58’16.26”N, 51º21’25.80”E, 2225 m a.s.l.), 17.5.2010, 1♀; 13.6.2010, 1♂; 21.6.2010, 1♂; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ghazichak (36º45’57.54”N, 50º19’35.22”E, 1803 m a.s.l.), 16.5.2010, 1♂; 23.5.2010, 2♂; 06.6.2010, 1♀; 13.6.2010, 2♀, 1♂; 21.6.2010, 1♀; 27.6.2010, 2♀, 1♂; 05.7.2010, 2♀, 1♂; 24.7.2010, 1♀; 01.8.2010, 2♀; 15.8.2010, 1♀; 21.8.2010, 2♀, 1♂; 03.10.2010, 1♀, 1♂; 10.10.2010, 3♂; 17.10.2010, 1♀, 3♂; 24.10.2010, 2♂; Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 23.5.2010, 1♀; 05.7.2010, 1♀; 24.10.2010, 2♀; 31.10.2010, 1♂; Mazandaran province, Noor, Gaznasara (36º21’55.02”N, 52º06’10.74”E, 692 m a.s.l.), 06.6.2011, 1♀; 15.8.2011, 1♀; 04.9.2011, 1♂; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m a.s.l.), 24.5.2011, 2♀; 3♂; 08.6.2011, 1♀, 2♂; 21.6.2011, 2♂; leg. M. Khayrandish. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 1.9-3.0 mm; antennae 19-24 segmented, first flagellar segment 2.5¥ as long as wide (Figure 7A), second flagellar segment 2.0¥ as long as wide; face 1.3¥ wider than height (Figure 6A); length of fore wing 2.0-2.5 mm; pterostigma longer than vein 1-R1 (2.0¥); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclerotized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing absent (Figure 8A); first abdominal tergite petiolate, its length about 1.8¥ as long as apical width; ovipositor slender and equal or longer than first abdomi- nal tergite; claws simple. COLORATION: Antennae dark brown; head reddish brown, thorax and first abdominal tergite dark brown, occasionally reddish brown; legs reddish brown. [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] [page 45] Article Figure 3. Allurus muricatus (Haliday, 1833), female: (A) lateral habitus; (B) fore wing; (C) abdomen (arrow); (D) hind coxa (arrow); (E) claw. Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 45 No n- co mm er cia l GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Eastern and Western Palaearctic No n- co mm er cia l GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Schrank, 1802) (Figures 4A, 4B) No n- co mm er cia l (Schrank, 1802) (Figures 4A, 4B) (Riley, 1888); No n- co mm er cia l (Riley, 1888); Dinocampus No n- co mm er cia l Dinocampus (Nees, 1811). No n- co mm er cia l (Nees, 1811). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Alborz province, Shahriar (35º40’08.01”N, No n- co mm er cia l MATERIAL EXAMINED: Alborz province, Shahriar (35º40’08.01”N, ; Guilan province, Roodsar, No n- co mm er cia l ; Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 24.10.2010, 1 No n- co mm er cia l Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 24.10.2010, 1 Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m No n- co mm er cia l Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m ; leg. A. Mohammadi. No n- co mm er cia l ; leg. A. Mohammadi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 4.0 mm; No n- co mm er cia l DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 4.0 mm; antennae 22-23 segmented; length of fore wing 3.2 mm; pterostigma No n- co mm er cia l antennae 22-23 segmented; length of fore wing 3.2 mm; pterostigma ¥ No n- co mm er cia l ¥); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclero-No n- co mm er cia l ); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclero- tized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing present (Figure 4B); firstNo n- co mm er cia l tized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing present (Figure 4B); firstNo n- co mm er cia l u se us e o nly COLORATION: Antennae dark brown; head reddish brown, thorax on ly COLORATION: Antennae dark brown; head reddish brown, thorax on lyand first abdominal tergite dark brown, occasionally reddish brown; on lyand first abdominal tergite dark brown, occasionally reddish brown; [page 46] [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopian, Europe, Nearctic (intro- duced), Oriental, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). REMARKS: This species seems to be nearest to P. stelleri, a form that can be distinguished by the apical width of the first abdominal tergite in the female (0.27-0.32) and width of the pterostigma (0.15-0.18), while the width of the first abdominal tergite (0.30-0.43) and the width of the pterostigma (0.18-0.24) of the female in P. stelleri are relatively longer (Tobias, 1995). *Perilitus (Townesilitus) bicolor (Wesmael 1835) (Figures 5B, 6B, 7B, 8B) SYNONYMS: Perilitus (Townesilitus) breviradialis (Tobias, 1976). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Ghazichak (36º45’57.54”N, 50º19’35.22”E, 1803 m a.s.l.), 04.7.2010, 1♀; 10.7.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 16.5.2010, Mazandaran province, Noor, Gaznasara (36º21’55.02”N, 52º06’10.74”E, 692 m a.s.l.), 09.10.2011, 1♀; 1♀; leg. A. Nadimi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 1.8-2.2 mm; antennae 18-21 segmented, flagellum long and slender, first flagellar segment 4.0-5.0¥ as long as wide (Figure 7B), second flagellar segment 4.0¥ as long as wide; face 1.1¥ wider than height (Figure 6B); length of fore wing 1.5-2.0 mm; pterostigma longer than vein 1-R1 (2.0¥); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclerotized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing absent (Figure 8B); first abdominal tergite petiolate, its length about 3.0¥ as long as apical width; ovipositor slender and longer than first abdominal tergite; claws simple. COLORATION: Antennae dark brown (basal of flagellum yellowish); head, thorax and first abdominal tergite reddish brown, occasionally dorsal part of thorax black; legs reddish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). New record from Iran. REMARKS: This species is easily recognized by the length of the first and second flagellar segment compared to their width, and antennae 18-21-segmented in the female (Tobias, 1995). *Perilitus foveolatus Reinhard 1862 (Figures 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C) SYNONYMS: Perilitus sicheli Giard, 1895. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 03.10.2010, 1♀; 17.10.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ziaz (36º52’27.18”N, 50º13’24.78”E, 490 m a.s.l.), 30.5.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ghazichak (36º45’57.54”N, 50º19’35.22”E, 1803 m a.s.l.), 17.10.2010, 1♀; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m a.s.l.), 24.5.2011, 12♀, 1♂; 08.6.2011, 1♀; leg. M. Khayrandish. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.5-3.0 mm; antennae 22-23 segmented, first flagellar segment 3.5¥ as long as wide (Figure 7C), longer than second flagellar segment (1.2¥); face 1.1¥ wider than height (Figure 6C); length of fore wing 2.2-2.5 mm; pterostig- ma longer than vein 1-R1 (2¥); marginal cell short; vein M+CU1 sclero- tized; 1-SR+M of fore wing present and 2-SR+M absent (Figure 8C); api- cal area between notaulices distinctly punctuate; first abdominal tergite petiolate, its length about 1.9¥ as long as apical width; ovipositor slender and longer than first abdominal tergite; claws simple. COLORATION: Antennae very dark brown; head lighter than thorax and reddish brown; thorax and first abdominal tergite black; legs red- dish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). REMARKS: This species seems to be nearest to P. cornelii Haeselearth from which it can be recognized by length of ovipositor sheath, which is shorter than the hind tibia (Haeselbarth, 1999). *Perilitus rutilus (Nees, 1811) (Figures 5D, 6D, 7D, 8D) SYNONYMS: Perilitus luteus Herrich-Schaffer, 1838; Perilitus pyri (Viereck, 1917); Perilitus ruralis Herrich-Schaffer, 1838; Perilitus strenuus Marshall, 1887; Perilitus tuberculus Zaykov, 1981. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 06.6.2010, 2♂; 13.6.2010, 3♂; 21.6.2010, 1♀; 05.7.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ziaz (36º52’27.18”N, 50º13’24.78”E, 490 m a.s.l.), 23.5.2010, 1♂; 06.6.2010, 1♀; Mazandaran province, Noor, Gaznasara (36º21’55.02”N, 52º06’10.74”E, 692 m a.s.l.), 27.6.2011, 1♂; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, 1541 m a.s.l.), 24.5.2011, 2♂; 08.6.2011, 4♀, 17♂; 21.6.2011, 4♀, 4♂; leg. M. Khayrandish. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.5-3.0 mm; antennae 25-26 segmented, first flagellar segment 4.0¥ as long as wide (Figure 7D), first flagellar segment as long as or slightly shorter than second segment; face 1.4¥ wider than height (Figure 6D); length of fore wing 2.2-2.5 mm; pterostigma longer than vein 1-R1 (1.3¥); mar- ginal cell short and pointed apically; vein M+CU1 sclerotized; 1-SR+M of fore wing present and 2-SR+M absent (Figure 8D); first abdominal tergite petiolate, its length about 2.5¥ as long as apical width; oviposi- tor slender and longer than first abdominal tergite; posterior area of hind coxa distinctly transverse striate; claws simple. COLORATION: Antennae dark brown, occasionally basal segments of antennae lighter; body yellowish brown; propodeum black; first abdom- inal tergite at the base pale; legs yellowish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Nearctic (introduced), Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). REMARKS: This species is taxonomically similar to P. longiradialis, from which it can be separated by the basal felagellar segments, which are thin and yellowish; antennae 23-27-segmented (28-segmented in P. longiradialis) (Haeselbarth, 1999). Article Figure 4. Dinocampus coccinellae (Schrank 1802), female: (A) lat- eral habitus; (B) fore wing. Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 46 No n- co mm er cia l REMARKS: This species is easily recognized by the length of the first No n- co mm er cia l REMARKS: This species is easily recognized by the length of the first and second flagellar segment compared to their width, and antennae No n- co mm er cia l and second flagellar segment compared to their width, and antennae (Figures 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C) No n- co mm er cia l (Figures 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C) MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom No n- co mm er cia l MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 03.10.2010, 1 No n- co mm er cia l (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 03.10.2010, 1 ; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ziaz (36º52’27.18”N, No n- co mm er cia l ; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ziaz (36º52’27.18”N, 50º13’24.78”E, 490 m a.s.l.), 30.5.2010, 1 No n- co mm er cia l 50º13’24.78”E, 490 m a.s.l.), 30.5.2010, 1♀ No n- co mm er cia l ♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, No n- co mm er cia l ; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ghazichak (36º45’57.54”N, 50º19’35.22”E, 1803 m a.s.l.), 17.10.2010, No n- co mm er cia l Ghazichak (36º45’57.54”N, 50º19’35.22”E, 1803 m a.s.l.), 17.10.2010, ; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, No n- co mm er cia l ; Qazvin province, Zereshk road (36°21’39.72”N, 50°03’55.26”E, , 1 No n- co mm er cia l , 1♂ No n- co mm er cia l ♂; 08.6.2011, 1No n- co mm er cia l ; 08.6.2011, 1 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.5-3.0 mm;No n- co mm er cia l DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.5-3.0 mm; longiradialis No n- co mm er cia l longiradialis u se and Western Palaearctic (Yu us e and Western Palaearctic (Yu REMARKS: This species is taxonomically similar to us e REMARKS: This species is taxonomically similar to us e from which it can be separated by the basal felagellar segments, which us e from which it can be separated by the basal felagellar segments, which are thin and yellowish; antennae 23-27-segmented (28-segmented in us e are thin and yellowish; antennae 23-27-segmented (28-segmented in ) (Haeselbarth, 1999).us e ) (Haeselbarth, 1999). on ly hind coxa distinctly transverse striate; claws simple. on ly hind coxa distinctly transverse striate; claws simple. on lyCOLORATION: Antennae dark brown, occasionally basal segments of on lyCOLORATION: Antennae dark brown, occasionally basal segments ofantennae lighter; body yellowish brown; propodeum black; first abdom- on lyantennae lighter; body yellowish brown; propodeum black; first abdom- inal tergite at the base pale; legs yellowish brown. on ly inal tergite at the base pale; legs yellowish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Nearctic (introduced), Easternon ly GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Nearctic (introduced), Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu on ly and Western Palaearctic (Yu et alon ly et al., 2012). on ly ., 2012). REMARKS: This species is taxonomically similar to on ly REMARKS: This species is taxonomically similar to Perilitus stelleri (Loan, 1972) (Figures 5E, 6E, 7E, 8E) MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 09.5.2010, 1♀; 16.5.2011, 1♂; leg. A. Nadimi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 3.4 mm; antennae 25 segmented, length of first flagellar segment 3.0¥ as long as wide (Figure 7E), first segment about 1.3¥ as long as second seg- ment; face 1.4¥ wider than height (Figure 6E); length of fore wing 3.1 mm; pterostigma longer than vein 1-R1 (1.6¥); marginal cell short and pointed; vein M+CU1 sclerotized; 1-SR+M and 2-SR+M of fore wing absent (Figure 8E); first abdominal tergite petiolate; ovipositor slender and longer than first abdominal tergite; claws simple. COLORATION: Body very dark brown; antennae dark brown, legs and ovipositor reddish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Western Palaearctic and introduced into USA (Yu et al., 2012). *Peristenus pallipes Curtis, 1833 (Figures 9A, 9B) SYNONYMS: Peristenus barbiger (Wesmael, 1835); Peristenus pal- lipes (Herrich-Schaffer, 1838); Peristenu punctata (Provancher, 1883); Peristenus tuberculifer (Marshall, 1887). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Guilan province, Roodsar, Orkom (36º45’44.34”N, 50º18’11.88”E, 1201 m a.s.l.), 16.5.2010, 1♀, 6♂; 06.6.2010, 1♀; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ghazichak (36º45’52.62”N, 50º20’10.80”E, 1787 m a.s.l.), 16.5.2010, 1♂; Guilan province, Roodsar, Ziaz (36º52’27.18”N, 50º13’24.78”E, 490 m a.s.l.), 30.5.2010, 1♀; Mazandaran province, Noor, Gaznasara (36º16’58.08”N, 52º10’55.62”E, 2013 m a.s.l.), 28.4.2011, 3♂; 09.5.2011, 9♀, 21♂; 25.5.2011, 7♀, 7♂; leg. M. Khayrandish. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.7-3.0 mm; antennae 23-segmented; occipital carina complete dorsally; frons densely punctuate; mesoscutum mostly punctated; fore wing vein 1-R1 0.8¥ as long as width of pterostigma, pterostigma 2.2¥ as long as width; vein M+CU1 of fore wing unsclerotized, basal cell of fore wing densely setose, distinctly similar to first subdiscal cell (Figure 9B); first abdom- inal tergite 1.7¥ as long as wide at apex; ovipositor shorter than first abdominal tergite and hardly visible. COLORATION: Head and thorax uniformely black; antennae reddish brown; legs yellowish. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Nearctic (Introduced), Oriental, Eastern and Western Palaearctic (Yu et al., 2012). New record from Iran. REMARKS: This species is taxonomically nearest to P. nitidus, from which it can be recognized by its punctuated frons and roughened mesepisternum (Loan, 1974). [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] [page 47] Article Figure 5. Lateral habitus of adult Perilitus species, females: (A) P. aethiops; (B) P. bicolor; (C) P. foveo- latus; (D) P. rutilus; (E) P. stelleri. Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 47 No n- co mm er cia l u se us e o nly REMARKS: This species is taxonomically nearest to on ly REMARKS: This species is taxonomically nearest to which it can be recognized by its punctuated frons and roughened on lywhich it can be recognized by its punctuated frons and roughenedmesepisternum (Loan, 1974). on lymesepisternum (Loan, 1974). [page 48] [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] *Peristenus relictus (Ruthe, 1856) (Figures 9C, 9D) SYNONYMS: Perilitus stygicus Loan, 1973. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36º25’23.88”N, 50º06’37.68”E, 1926 m a.s.l.), 06.7.2011, 2♀; leg. A. Mohammadi. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (FEMALE): Length of body 2.7 mm; antennae 19 segmented; occipital carina complete, thin and weak dor- sally; frons punctate; mesoscutum smooth, notaulices of mesonotum sharply impressed, finely foveolatus; fore wing vein 1-R1 0.6¥ as long as width of pterostigma, pterostigma 2.0¥ its width; vein M+CU1 of fore wing unsclerotized, basal cell of fore wing sparsely setose or large- ly glabrous, distinctly less setose than first subdiscal cell (Figure 9D); first abdominal tergite 2.0¥ as long as wide at apex; ovipositor shorter than first abdominal tergite and hardly visible. COLORATION: Body black; scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1 and 2 usually reddish brown; fore leg reddish brown, mid and hind legs brownish black with base of tibia reddish brown. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Western palaearctic and intro- duced in to Nearectic (Yu et al., 2012). REMARKS: Peristenus relictus and P. stygicus were described as two Article Figure 6. Frontal view of head in Perilitus species, females: (A) P. aethiops, (B) P. bicolor, (C) P. foveolatus, (D) P. rutilus, (E) P. stelleri. Figure 8. Fore wing in Perilitus species: (A) P. aethiops; (B) P. bicolor; (C) P. foveolatus; (D) P. rutilus; (E) P. stelleri. Figure 7. Basal antennal segments in Perilitus species: (A) P. aethiops; (B) P. bicolor; (C) P. foveolatus; (D) P. rutilus; (E) P. stelleri. Figure 9. Lateral habitus of adult female and fore wing in Peristenus species: (A, B) P. pallipes; (C, D) P. relictus. Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 48 No n- co mm er cia l No n- co mm er cia l No n- co mm er cia l Figure 6. Frontal view of head in No n- co mm er cia l Figure 6. Frontal view of head in PerilitusNo n- co mm er cia l PerilitusNo n- co mm er cia l P. foveolatusNo n- co mm er cia l P. foveolatusNo n- co mm er cia l u se on ly on ly valid species by Loan (1974), however, Varis & van Achterberg (2001) have mentioned P. stygicus as a junior synonym of P. relictus. Perlitus relictus is taxonomically nearest to P. picipes, from which it can be sep- arated by its punctuated frons and strong notaulices (Loan, 1974). Key to the genera and species Keys to the genera and species are the following: i) - Vein 1-R1 of fore wing longer than pterostigma (Figure 3B); claws cleft (Figure 3E); third abdominal sternite with 2 denticles (Figure 3C); denticles on hind coxae large (Figure 3D): Allurus muricatus. - Vein 1-R1 of fore wing shorter than pterostigma (Figure 4B, 8A–8E, 9B, 9D); claws simple; third abdominal sternite and hind coxae with- out denticles: 2. ii) - Vein M+CU1 of fore wing distinctly unsclerotized (Figure 9B, 9D); ovipositor shorter than first abdominal tergite and hardly visible (genus Peristenus Nees): 3. - Vein M+CU1 of fore wing distinctly sclerotized (Figure 4B; 8A-8E); ovipositor longer than first abdominal tergite: 4. iii) - Vein 1-R1 of fore wing 0.8¥ as long as width of pterostigma (Figure 9B); antennae of female 23 segmented; antennae and legs yellowish brown: Peristenus pallipes. - Vein 1-R1 of fore wing 0.5¥ as long as width of pterostigma (Figure 9D); antennae of female 19 segmented; antennae, mid and hind legs brownish black: Peristenus relictus. iv) - Scutellum largely rugose; occipital carina complete, ventrally sepa- rated from hypostomal carina: Dinocampus coccinellae. - Scutellum largely smooth; occipital carina complete, ventrally joined hypostomal carina (genus Perilitus Nees): 5. v) - Vein 1-SR+M of fore wing absent (Figure 8A, 8B, 8E): 6. - Vein 1-SR+M of fore wing present (Figure 8C, 8D): 8. vi) - Basal segments of flagellum slender and 4.0-5.0¥ as long as width (Figure 7B), lighter than rest of flagellum (Figure 5B); antennae 18- 21 segmented: Perilitus bicolor. - Basal segments of flagellum normal and almost 3.0¥ as long as width (Figure 7A, 7C, 7D, 7E); antennae 19-25 segmented: 7. vii) - Antenna of female 25 segmented (31 segmented of ♂); length of pterostigma 1.6¥ as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8E); length of first abdom- inal tergite 2.5¥ as long as apical width: Perilitus stelleri. - Antenna of female 19-24 segmented (27-28 segmented in ♂); length of pterostigma 2.5¥ as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8A); length of first abdominal tergite 1.8¥ as long as apical width: Perilitus aethiops. viii) - Color of body ligth; first flagellar segment as long as second flagellar segment (Figure 7D); antennal of female 25-26 segmented; margin- al cell pointed and apex of marginal cell closer to wing apex than stigma or their middle (Figure 8D): Perilitus rutilus. - Color of body derk; first flagellar segment 1.2¥ as long as second fla- gellar segment (Figure 7C); antennal of female 22-23 segmented; marginal cell rounded and apex of marginal cell much closer to stig- ma than wing apex (Figure 8C): Perilitus foveolatus. Discussion and conclusions Nine species of Euphorinae were found in this study from northern provinces of Iran; of these, six species were newly recorded, which increased the number of known Euphorinae in Iran from 20 to 26. The first records of Perilitus from Iran were made by Hedwig (1957). Other researchers who studied the Perilitus fauna of Iran are Bartlett et al. (1978), Arbab and McNeill (2001) and Ghahari et al. (2010). Arbab and McNeill (2001) reported P. aethiops as a parasitoid that attacks adult alfal- fa weevil (Hypera positica) from Qazvin and Hamadan provinces and Ghahari et al. (2010) has recorded P. stelleri from Isfahan province (corn- field). Mirab-balou et al. (2008) has reported one undetermined species of the genus Peristenus for the first time from Iran (Hamadan province). Lashkari-Bod et al. (2011) has recorded Peristenus picipes (Curtis) from Fars province. Fallahzadeh and Saghaei (2010) erroneously reported P. rubricollis (Thomson) with reference to Khanjani (2004). The genus Allurus of the tribe Centistini is recorded here for the first time from Iran. Among the neighboring countries, Allurus muricatus has already been recorded from Kazakhstan (Tobias, 1995), while another species, A. lituralis (Haliday, 1835) has been recorded from Turkey (Yilmaz et al., 2010). The specimens were collected using Malaise traps in this study, therefore the biology of the recorded species are unknown. However, according to the previous studies, Allurus muricatus is consid- ered as an adult parasitoid of Sitona sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Stigmella sp. (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) species (Aeschlimann, 1980; Yu et al., 2012), but these records have been placed in doubtful hosts until they are confirmed by further investigations. This species is known to oviposit in adults and emerge from adult stages of the hosts (Aeschlimann, 1980). It was found only in Qazvin province from late May to late June 2011. Dinocampus coccinellae is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid on Coccinellidae but it has also been recorded as attacking Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae (Yu et al., 2012). It parasitizes larvae, pupae and adults but only emerges from adults. Bagheri (1998) has reported Dinocampus coccinellae on Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Isfahan. We also received some specimens of D. coccinellae from Yazd province as an endoparasitoid of C. septempunctata in April 2010. Belokobylskij (2000a; 2000b) introduced Townesilitus as a subgenus of Perilitus. Many species of the genus Perilitus are recorded as parasitoids of Curculionoidea and Chrysomeloidea. Perilitus aethiops and P. stelleri are most commonly recorded as parasitoids of Curculionoidea (Yu et al., 2012). But Perilitus bicolor and P. foveolatus are commonly recorded as parasitoids of Chrysomeloidea. Perilitus rutilus is a solitary endopara- sitoid and emerges from the adult stage of various genera of Coleoptera, such as Hylobius, Hypera, Pityokteines, Sitona and Tytthaspis. Many species of the genus Perilitus, as well as some other genera like Syntretus Forster, are gregarious parasitoids (Shaw and Huddleston, 1991). Perilitus foveolatus is a gregarious endoparasitoid on Timarcha Latreille (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (Haeselbarth, 1999). The genus Peristenus is most commonly recorded as a parasitoid of Miridae nymphs, but also rarely on Chrysomelidae, Cicadellidae, Melandryidae and Nitidulidae (Loan, 1980; Yu et al., 2012). Some species of the genus Peristenus have been used as a biological control agent against some species of the genus Lygus and alfalfa plant bugs, Adelphocoris lineolatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) (Clancy, 1968; Coulson, 1994), whereas most host records of the genus Perilitus involve coleopteran families (Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae and Tenebrionidae). Some species of the genus Peristenus have been used as biological control agents of Sitona and Hypera (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Phyllotreta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (Yu et al., 2012). Moreover, increasing cases of their regulatory impact on important plant pests have been reported, making the members of the genus Perilitus important biological control agents (Coulson, 1987; Haye, 2004). References AESCHLIMANN J.P., 1980 - The Sitona (Col.: Curculionidae) species occurring on Medicago and their natural enemies in the Mediterranean region. - Entomophaga. 25: 139-153. [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] [page 49] Article Jear_2013_2:Hrev_master 16/09/13 13.56 Pagina 49 No n- co mm er cia l but only emerges from adults. Bagheri (1998) has reported No n- co mm er cia l but only emerges from adults. Bagheri (1998) has reported No n- co mm er cia l - Scutellum largely smooth; occipital carina complete, ventrally joined No n- co mm er cia l - Scutellum largely smooth; occipital carina complete, ventrally joined - Basal segments of flagellum slender and 4.0-5.0 No n- co mm er cia l - Basal segments of flagellum slender and 4.0-5.0¥ No n- co mm er cia l ¥ as long as width No n- co mm er cia l as long as width (Figure 7B), lighter than rest of flagellum (Figure 5B); antennae 18- No n- co mm er cia l (Figure 7B), lighter than rest of flagellum (Figure 5B); antennae 18- - Basal segments of flagellum normal and almost 3.0 No n- co mm er cia l - Basal segments of flagellum normal and almost 3.0¥ No n- co mm er cia l ¥ as long as width No n- co mm er cia l as long as width (Figure 7A, 7C, 7D, 7E); antennae 19-25 segmented: 7. No n- co mm er cia l (Figure 7A, 7C, 7D, 7E); antennae 19-25 segmented: 7. - Antenna of female 25 segmented (31 segmented of No n- co mm er cia l - Antenna of female 25 segmented (31 segmented of as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8E); length of first abdom- No n- co mm er cia l as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8E); length of first abdom- as long as apical width: No n- co mm er cia l as long as apical width: - Antenna of female 19-24 segmented (27-28 segmented in No n- co mm er cia l - Antenna of female 19-24 segmented (27-28 segmented in as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8A); length of firstNo n- co mm er cia l as long as 1-R1 (Figure 8A); length of first coccinellae No n- co mm er cia l coccinellaefrom Isfahan. We also received some specimens of No n- co mm er cia l from Isfahan. We also received some specimens of Yazd province as an endoparasitoid of No n- co mm er cia l Yazd province as an endoparasitoid of Belokobylskij (2000a; 2000b) introduced No n- co mm er cia l Belokobylskij (2000a; 2000b) introduced Perilitus No n- co mm er cia l Perilitus us e Dinocampus coccinellae us e Dinocampus coccinellaeCoccinellidae but it has also been recorded as attacking Chrysomelidae us e Coccinellidae but it has also been recorded as attacking Chrysomelidaeand Curculionidae (Yu us e and Curculionidae (Yu but only emerges from adults. Bagheri (1998) has reported us e but only emerges from adults. Bagheri (1998) has reported coccinellae us e coccinellae on us e on on ly sp. (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) species (Aeschlimann, 1980; Yu on ly sp. (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) species (Aeschlimann, 1980; Yu ., 2012), but these records have been placed in doubtful hosts until on ly ., 2012), but these records have been placed in doubtful hosts until on lythey are confirmed by further investigations. This species is known to on lythey are confirmed by further investigations. This species is known tooviposit in adults and emerge from adult stages of the hosts on lyoviposit in adults and emerge from adult stages of the hosts (Aeschlimann, 1980). It was found only in Qazvin province from late Mayon ly (Aeschlimann, 1980). It was found only in Qazvin province from late May Dinocampus coccinellaeon ly Dinocampus coccinellae is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid onon ly is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid on [page 50] [Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 2013; 45:e9] ARBAB A., MCNEILL M., 2001 - New report of Microctonus aethiopoides (Hym.: Braconidae) in Iran. - J. Entomol. Soc. Iran. 21: 111-112. BAGHERI M.R., 1998 - The first report of Perilitus coccinellae (Hym., Braconidae) a parasitoid of Coccinella septempunctata in Isfahan. - Proc. 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Karaj, Iran, 200 pp. BARTLETT B.R., CLAUSEN C.P., DEBACH P., GOEDEN R.D., LEGNER E.F., MCMURTRY J.A., et al., 1978 - Introduced parasites and pred- ators of arthropod pests and weeds: A world review. Handbook No. 480. - Agricultural Research Service. US Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.: 545 pp. BELOKOBYLSKIJ S.A., 1992 - Revision of the genus Centistes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae) of USSR Far East and neighbouring territories. - Zool. Meded. Leiden. 66: 199-237. BELOKOBYLSKIJ S.A., 2000a - Braconidae. In: LER P.A (ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. IV. Neoropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Part 4. Opredelitel nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka Rossii. T. IV. Setchatokryloobraznye, skorpionnitsy, pereponcha- tokrylye. Ch.4. - Dalnauka, Vladivostok: 651 pp. BELOKOBYLSKIJ S.A., 2000b - New species of the subfamily Euphorinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from east Palaearctic. - Far East. Entomol. 87: 1-28. BILEWICZ-PAWINSKA T., 1990 - Response of parasitoids of the genus Peristenus Forster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) to temperature changes during the diapause. - Entomol. Fennica. 1: 189-790. BORING C.A., 2010 - Morphology and systematics of braconid wasps. PhD. Diss. - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT: 123 pp. CHEN X., VAN ACHTERBERGH C., 1997 - Revision of the subfamily Euphorinae (excluding the tribe Meteorini Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China. - Zool. Verhandel. Leiden. 313:1-217. CLANCY D.W., 1968 - Distribution and parasitization of some Lygus spp. in western United States and central Mexico. - J. Econ. Entomol. 61: 443-445. COULSON J.R., 1987 - Udies on the biological control of plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae): an introduction and history, 1961-1983. 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