Journal of large-scale research facilities, 2, A91 (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 Published: 17.11.2016 Liquid �exRIXS: A RIXS endstation for molecular systems at BESSY II Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie * Instrument Scientists: - Dr. Annette Pietzsch, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, phone: +49 30 8062-12191, email: annette.pietzsch@helmholtz-berlin.de Abstract: The liquid �exRIXS endstation is dedicated to resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments on liquid samples and gasses in the soft x-ray range. The liquids are injected into the chamber via a liquid jet system whereas gasses and also small amounts of liquids can be investigated using a liquid/gas �ow cell. The MCP-based RIXS spectrometer allows for a resolving power of better than 1000. 1 Introduction Liquid �exRIXS is an endstation for time-resolved and steady-state RIXS measurements on liquid sam- ples and for complementary use at FELs and at BESSY II. The RIXS spectrometer of the end station is a modi�ed GRAZE IV (XES 350) with three gratings. These cover the range between 50 and 900 eV. The resolution amounts to approximately 40 meV at 50 eV and 0.7 eV at 900 eV. Total �uorescence yield ab- sorption measurements with a photodiode or partial �uorescence yield absorption measurements with the spectrometer are possible. Liquid samples are prepared in vacuum as thin jets (diameter 5-30 µ m). The jet freezes after passing the interaction region in a liquid nitrogen cooled trap. To protect the beam line from the typical 10−3 mbar range in the measurement chamber during liquid jet operation, three di�erential pumping stages are used. The MCP-based detector is protected by an X-ray transmissive yet vacuum-tight thin foil. Static and time resolved RIXS measurements at liquids and gasses as well as non-linear processes are conducted with this experimental station at BESSY II and FELs. Depending on the X-ray spot size the jet speed in vacuum allows for refreshing the sample in the interaction region with MHz repetition rates. The apparatus is open to collaborative Research at BESSY II and FELs. *Cite article as: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie. (2016). Liquid �exRIXS: A RIXS endstation for molecular systems at BESSY II. Journal of large-scale research facilities, 2, A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 1 http://jlsrf.org/ http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of large-scale research facilities, 2, A91 (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 Figure 1: View of the Liquid �exRIXS end station. 2 Instrument application Typical applications are: • Static RIXS of liquids and liquid solutions of molecules at BESSY II • Pump-probe RIXS of liquids and liquid solutions at FELs • Investigation of non-linear X-ray induced processes at FELs • Static and pump-probe �uorescence yield absorption at BESSY II and FELs 3 Technical Data Energy range Soft X-rays from 50 to around 900 eV Resolving power Better than 1000 Sample environment Liquid jet in vacuum, three di�erential pumping stages towards the beam line, gas and liquid �ow cell can be mounted instead of jet Temperature range Jet temperature can be controlled with a water jacket Detectors GaAs-Photodiode and RIXS spectrometer with MCP, phosphor and CCD Samples Liquid and gas Table 1: Technical parameters of the Liquid �exRIXS end station. 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 Journal of large-scale research facilities, 2, A91 (2016) References Josefsson, I., Kunnus, K., Schreck, S., Föhlisch, A., de Groot, F., Wernet, P., & Odelius, M. (2012). Ab initio calculations of x-ray spectra: Atomic multiplet and molecular orbital e�ects in a multicon�gurational scf approach to the l-edge spectra of transition metal complexes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 3(23), 3565-3570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz301479j Kunnus, K., Rajkovic, I., Schreck, S., Quevedo, W., Eckert, S., Beye, M., . . . Föhlisch, A. (2012). A setup for resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering on liquids at free electron laser light sources. Review of Scienti�c Instruments, 83(12). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4772685 Mitzner, R., Rehanek, J., Kern, J., Gul, S., Hattne, J., Taguchi, T., . . . Yano, J. (2013). L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of dilute systems relevant to metalloproteins using an x-ray free-electron laser. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 4(21), 3641-3647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz401837f Wernet, P., Kunnus, K., Schreck, S., Quevedo, W., Kurian, R., Techert, S., . . . Föhlisch, A. (2012). Dissecting local atomic and intermolecular interactions of transition-metal ions in solution with selective x-ray spectroscopy. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 3(23), 3448-3453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz301486u Wernet, Ph., Beye, M., de Groot, F., Düsterer, S., Ga�ney, K., Grübel, S., . . . Föhlisch, A. (2013). Mapping chemical bonding of reaction intermediates with femtosecond x-ray laser spectroscopy. EPJ Web of Conferences, 41, 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134105025 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-2-88 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz301479j http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4772685 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz401837f http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz301486u http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134105025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Introduction Instrument application Technical Data