item: #1 of 254 id: jmehm-100 author: Ardalan, Mohammadreza; Khodadoust, Kazem; Mostafidi, Elmira title: A Review of Ferdous al-Hekma fil-Tibb by Ali ibn Raban Tabari date: 2016-02-28 words: 3724 flesch: 60 summary: Liver pain can be hard to identify and localize because pain from abdominal organs, such as the liver, is often experienced as a vague pain in the right hypochondrium and epigastrium, which may lead one to suspect liver abscess or cancer. In the above-mentioned passages, it is noticeable that reflux esophagitis and esophageal spasm were considered a cause of chest pain that can mimic angina. keywords: ferdous; hekma; ibn; medical; medicine; pain; signs; tabari cache: jmehm-100.pdf plain text: jmehm-100.txt item: #2 of 254 id: jmehm-101 author: Kalantari, Minoo; Kamali, Mohammad; Joolaee, Soodabeh; Rassafiani, Mehdi; Shafarodi, Narges title: Perception of professional ethics by Iranian occupational therapists working with children date: 2016-02-28 words: 5313 flesch: 36 summary: Occupational therapists work with different age groups that may suffer from physical, mental or social disabilities or limitations. The participants believed that occupational therapists should keep their professional knowledge current, as this depicts their competence for providing therapeutic interventions. keywords: children; ethics; med; occupational; participants; professional; responsibility; study; therapist; therapy cache: jmehm-101.pdf plain text: jmehm-101.txt item: #3 of 254 id: jmehm-1014 author: Sabeghi, Hakimeh; Yazdani, Shahram; Foroutan, Seyed Abbas; Hosseini, Seyed Masoud; Afshar, Leila title: Value-rich exposures in medical education: phenomenology of practice according to the lived experiences of medical students in Iran date: 2021-07-13 words: 5873 flesch: 52 summary: Journal of M edical Ethics and H istory of M edicine Value-rich exposures in medical education: phenomenology of practice according to the lived experiences of medical students in Iran *Corresponding Author Leila Afshar Address: Department of Medical Ethics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shams Alley, Valiasr Ave., Tehran, Iran. In this phenomenology of practice study, we aimed to explore and describe the lived experiences of a sample of medical students in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences regarding their value-rich exposures. keywords: education; ethics; experiences; exposures; group; learning; medical; mohajer; practice; students; study; value cache: jmehm-1014.pdf plain text: jmehm-1014.txt item: #4 of 254 id: jmehm-102 author: Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Ehsani, Seyyedeh Roghayeh; Begjani, Jamal; Kaji, Mohammad Akbari; Dopolani, Fatemeh Nemati; Nejati, Amir; Mohammadnejad, Esmaeil title: Nurses' perspectives on breaking bad news to patients and their families: a qualitative content analysis date: 2015-10-14 words: 4840 flesch: 58 summary: Abstract Breaking bad news is quite often not done in an effective manner in clinical settings due to the medical staff lacking the skills necessary for speaking to patients and their families. Breaking bad news is an emotional subject among health care professionals as patients’ positive or negative experiences which can greatly affect their subsequent adaptation (9). keywords: breaking; communication; disease; ethics; families; med; medical; news; nurses; patients; study cache: jmehm-102.pdf plain text: jmehm-102.txt item: #5 of 254 id: jmehm-1029 author: Babaii, Saeedeh; Monajemi, Alireza title: The neglected role of technology in quality of care crisis date: 2022-12-28 words: 6322 flesch: 53 summary: The Marcum's suggestion fails to address numerous obstacles including, but not limited to, - The unreasonable proportion of the number of patients to the number of clinicians, which makes it difficult for them to care for patients in a holistic sense, - The vast sociotechnical healthcare systems (consisting of patients, hospitals, technical artifacts, economic stakeholders, policymakers, etc.) with different human and non-human characteristics affecting medical care practice. Keywords: Philosophy of medicine; Medical technologies; The quality of care crisis; Borgmann; Life- world. keywords: care; caring; crisis; med; medical; medicine; patient; practice; technology; world cache: jmehm-1029.pdf plain text: jmehm-1029.txt item: #6 of 254 id: jmehm-103 author: Asemani, Omid; Iman, Mohammad Taghi; Khayyer, Mohammad; Tabei, Seyed Ziaaddin; Sharif, Farkhondeh; Moattari, Marzieh title: Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate medical students' and residents' responsibility in clinical settings date: 2015-10-14 words: 4942 flesch: 52 summary: DC domain) includes items that measure MTs' real approach towards fulfilling duties, especially when duties could potentially conflict with their convenience and benefit. I do not believe in fulfilling duties unless it brings me personal gain. keywords: domain; duties; ethics; expectations; items; medical; mts; questionnaire; responsibility; shiraz cache: jmehm-103.pdf plain text: jmehm-103.txt item: #7 of 254 id: jmehm-1038 author: Shafizadeh, Hamid; Larijani, Bagher; Mojtahedzadeh, Rita; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan; Nedjat, Saharnaz title: Initial drafting of telemedicine’s code of ethics through a stakeholders’ participatory process date: 2021-12-09 words: 5859 flesch: 40 summary: 5 When using informal and unlicensed environments and tools, telemedicine service providers should ensure clients' privacy, confidentiality, and safety. In both emergencies and non-emergencies, telemedicine service providers should arrange for the clients’ follow-up and visits and notify them. keywords: codes; ethical; ethics; iran; medical; patients; process; providers; service; telemedicine; telemedicine service; tools cache: jmehm-1038.pdf plain text: jmehm-1038.txt item: #8 of 254 id: jmehm-104 author: Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud; Ali Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad title: Diagnosis and treatment of cancer in medical textbooks of ancient Iran date: 2015-10-14 words: 2737 flesch: 62 summary: In modern literatures on psycho-oncology, it is stressed that cancer patients are afflicted by depression and anxiety and similar disorders are important factors in the prognosis of the disease (16, 19). General principles in cancer treatment 1. keywords: alhawi; cancer; iran; medical; rhazes cache: jmehm-104.pdf plain text: jmehm-104.txt item: #9 of 254 id: jmehm-105 author: Khalesi, Nader; Arabloo, Jalal; Khosravizadeh, Omid; Taghizadeh, Sanaz; Heyrani, Ali; Ebrahimian, Abbasali title: Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the "Hospital Ethical Climate Survey" date: 2015-10-14 words: 3942 flesch: 62 summary: Various studies have shown the influence of hospital ethical climates on ethics stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions (3 - 5). Hospital ethical climates and registered nurses' turnover intentions. keywords: care; climate; hecs; hospital; med; nurses; patient cache: jmehm-105.pdf plain text: jmehm-105.txt item: #10 of 254 id: jmehm-106 author: Sanjari, Mahnaz; Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh; Fomani, Fatemeh Khoshnava; Shoghi, Mahnaz; Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali title: Ethical challenges of researchers in qualitative studies: the necessity to develop a specific guideline date: 2015-10-14 words: 4214 flesch: 48 summary: It seems of paramount importance that health care providers, educators and clinicians be well informed of all the different aspects of their roles when acting as qualitative researchers. Ethical challenges in qualitative studies: The researcher-participant relationship The relationship and intimacy that is established between the researchers and participants in qualitative studies can raise a range of different ethical concerns, and qualitative researchers face dilemmas such as respect for privacy, establish- ment of honest and open interactions, and avoiding misrepresentations (19). keywords: ethical; ethics; health; med; participants; qualitative; research; researchers; role; studies; study cache: jmehm-106.pdf plain text: jmehm-106.txt item: #11 of 254 id: jmehm-1067 author: Parsapour, Alireza; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan; Malekafzali, Hossein; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Larijani, Bagher title: The second strategic plan of medical ethics: a national report date: 2021-12-02 words: 6361 flesch: 35 summary: The main related activities are consisted of developing a framework for the national reports in the field of medical ethics, compiling annual reports of “medical ethics strategic planning program”, “ethics in medical sciences research”, “monitoring of medical ethics education”, “observing patients’ rights and the status of the medical professionals' rights”, “evaluating justice in health care”, “analysis of complaints received by the MOHME, the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization (LMO), and the Medical Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran” Discussion The historical documents confirm the Iranian physicians’ interests in ethical conduct in their practice for centuries (9, 10), under the influence of the rich culture and the religious principles of Zoroastrianism and Islam (11). Journal of M edical Ethics and H istory of M edicine The second strategic plan of medical ethics: a national report *Corresponding Author Bagher Larijani Address: No. 10, Next to Shariati Hospital, Jalal Al-Ahmad St., Chamran Hwy., Tehran, Iran. keywords: education; ethical; ethics; field; goal; health; healthcare; iran; islamic; medical; national; plan; research cache: jmehm-1067.pdf plain text: jmehm-1067.txt item: #12 of 254 id: jmehm-1068 author: Ayora, Ara; Nogueras, Carme; Jiménez-Panés, Sonia; Cortiñas-Rovira, Sergi title: Telephone communication with relatives of hospitalised COVID-19 patients by a specialised family support team: lessons learned date: 2021-12-03 words: 5737 flesch: 52 summary: The objective of this study was to analyse the experiences of a team of health professionals in charge of breaking bad news over the telephone to the relatives of patients admitted to the respiratory ward of a large hospital in Barcelona. Keywords: Health communication; Communication barriers; Professional-family relations; COVID- 19. keywords: communication; covid-19; ethics; health; med; news; patients; professionals; relatives; support; team cache: jmehm-1068.pdf plain text: jmehm-1068.txt item: #13 of 254 id: jmehm-107 author: Milanifar, Alireza; Larijani, Bagher; Paykarzadeh, Parvaneh; Ashtari, Golanna; Mehdi Akhondi, Mohammad title: Breaching confidentiality: medical mandatory reporting laws in Iran date: 2015-10-14 words: 7376 flesch: 47 summary: Medical mandatory reporting laws of gunshot wounds enacted in Canada in 1995 (59). JMEHM-7-13 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Breaching confidentiality: medical mandatory reporting laws in Iran Alireza Milanifar1, Bagher Larijani2*, Parvaneh Paykarzadeh3, Golanna Ashtari3, Mo- hammad Mehdi Akhondi4 1Medical Ethics PhD Candidate, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; 4Professor, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. keywords: abuse; act; anonymous; article; child; confidentiality; diseases; duty; health; information; iran; law; laws; medical; patient; physicians; public; reporting cache: jmehm-107.pdf plain text: jmehm-107.txt item: #14 of 254 id: jmehm-1071 author: Khatiban, Mahnaz; Falahan, Seyedeh Nayereh; Soltanian, Ali Reza title: Professional moral courage and moral reasoning among nurses in clinical environments: a multivariate model date: 2021-12-05 words: 7627 flesch: 56 summary: Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the predictors of professional moral courage by focusing on moral reasoning through the following research questions: What is the level of nurses’ moral courage, and is there an association between moral courage and demographic and work characteristics? Abstract Improving ethical practice needs recognizing the relationship between moral reasoning and moral courage among nurses. keywords: courage; dilemmas; ethics; med; nurses; nursing; professional; reasoning; study cache: jmehm-1071.pdf plain text: jmehm-1071.txt item: #15 of 254 id: jmehm-1072 author: Ghanbari-Afra, Leila; Salamat, Akram; Hamidi, Hadi; Mardani Hamooleh, Marjan; Abbasi, Zahra title: Compassion-based care for COVID-19 patients: a qualitative analysis of nurses’ perceptions date: 2021-12-04 words: 5850 flesch: 55 summary: Our findings may help to develop a comprehensive model in COVID-19 care according to which, in addition to routine patient care, nurses will consider concepts such as empathy, altruism, helping in critical situations, spirituality, cultural values, and the family’s needs at the end of the patient's life. The findings of this study can be the basis for a comprehensive model in COVID-19 care according to which, in addition to routine patient care, nurses need to consider concepts such as empathy, altruism, helping in critical situations, spirituality, cultural values, and family needs at the end of patients’ life. keywords: care; cbc; compassion; covid-19; covid-19 patients; ethics; health; med; nurses; nursing; pandemic; patients; study cache: jmehm-1072.pdf plain text: jmehm-1072.txt item: #16 of 254 id: jmehm-1078 author: Raoofi, Samira; Arefi, Seddighe; Khodayari Zarnaq, Rahim; Azimi Nayebi, Bashir; Seyyed Mousavi, Mir Sajjad title: Challenges of hospital ethics committees: a phenomenological study date: 2021-12-11 words: 5343 flesch: 41 summary: Journal of M edical Ethics and H istory of M edicine Challenges of hospital ethics committees: a phenomenological study *Corresponding Author Mir Sajjad Seyyed Mousavi Address: Paramedical School, University of Tabriz, University Street, Tabriz, Iran. Challenges of hospital ethics committees: a phenomenological study. keywords: approvals; challenges; committee; ethics; ethics committee; hospital; hospital ethics; lack; med; medical; members; study cache: jmehm-1078.pdf plain text: jmehm-1078.txt item: #17 of 254 id: jmehm-108 author: Ravangard, Ramin; Sajjadnia, Zahra; Jafari, Abdosaleh; Shahsavan, Najme; Bahmaie, Jamshid; Bahadori, Mohammadkarim title: The association between work ethics and attitudes towards organizational changes among the administrative, financial and support employees of general teaching hospitals date: 2015-10-14 words: 6021 flesch: 50 summary: JMEHM-7-12 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine The association between work ethics and attitudes towards organizational changes among the administrative, financial and support employees of general teaching hospitals Ramin Ravangard1, Zahra Sajjadnia2, Abdosaleh Jafari3, Najme Shahsavan4, Jamshid Bahmaie5, Mohammadkarim Bahadori6* 1Assistant Professor, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 2Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; 3MSc, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 4BSc, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 5MSc student in Health Services Management, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 6Assistant Professor, Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. This study aimed to investigate the association between work ethics and attitudes towards organizational changes among the administrative, financial and support employees of general teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. keywords: attitudes; changes; dimensions; employees; ethics; management; med; persian; results; sciences; shiraz; study; university; work; work ethics cache: jmehm-108.pdf plain text: jmehm-108.txt item: #18 of 254 id: jmehm-109 author: Farahani, Mansoureh A; Gaeeni, Mina; Mohammadi, Nooreddin; Seyedfatemi, Naima title: Giving information to family members of patients in the intensive care unit: Iranian nurses' ethical approaches date: 2015-10-14 words: 5077 flesch: 52 summary: Impact of a family information leaflet on effectiveness of information provided to family members of intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Naderi M, Rajati F,Yusefi H, Tajmiri M, Mohebi S. Needs of intensive care unit patient families. keywords: care; families; family; health; information; members; nurses; patients; study; support; unit cache: jmehm-109.pdf plain text: jmehm-109.txt item: #19 of 254 id: jmehm-11 author: Shomali, Mohamamd Ali title: Islamic bioethics: a general scheme date: 2008-10-19 words: 6943 flesch: 71 summary: However, among all forms of life in the material world, human life is the most outstanding and the most precious. Human life is one of the most sacred creatures of God. keywords: bioethics; death; god; human; imam; islamic; law; life; med cache: jmehm-11.pdf plain text: jmehm-11.txt item: #20 of 254 id: jmehm-110 author: Asemani, Omid; Iman, Mohammad Taghi; Moattari, Marzieh; Tabei, Seyed Ziaadin; Sharif, Farkhondeh; Khayyer, Mohammad title: An exploratory study on the elements that might affect medical students' and residents' responsibility during clinical training date: 2015-10-14 words: 6951 flesch: 43 summary: Keywords: responsibility, qualitative descriptive study, clinical training, undergraduate medical student, medical resident mailto:iman@shirazu.ac.ir J Med Ethics Hist Med 7:8 May, 2014 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Omid Asemani et al. Page 2 of 10 (page number not for citation purposes) Associations of medical student personality and health/wellness characteristics with their medical school performance across the curriculum. keywords: clinical; conditions; data; education; medical; mts; page; participants; responsibility; role; system; trainees; university cache: jmehm-110.pdf plain text: jmehm-110.txt item: #21 of 254 id: jmehm-1101 author: Yavari, Neda; Asghari, Fariba; Shahvari, Zahra; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Larijani, Bagher title: Developing a comprehensive tool to assess professional attitude among physicians and medical students date: 2021-12-12 words: 7668 flesch: 39 summary: Crandall S, Volk R, Cacy D. A longitudinal investigation of medical student attitudes toward the medically indigent. Jo u rn a l o f M e d ica l E th ics a n d H isto ry o f M e d icin e Developing a comprehensive tool to assess professional attitude among physicians and medical students *Corresponding Author Bagher Larijani Address: No. 10, Jalal Al-Ahmad St., Next to Shariati Hospital, Chamran Hwy., Tehran, Iran. keywords: attitudes; e d; ethics; items; medical; patient; physician; professional; questionnaire; sciences; students; study; validity cache: jmehm-1101.pdf plain text: jmehm-1101.txt item: #22 of 254 id: jmehm-111 author: Parsa, Mojtaba; Aramesh, Kiarash; Larijani, Bagher title: A comparison between conflict of interest in Western and Islamic literatures in the realm of medicine date: 2015-10-14 words: 5239 flesch: 59 summary: Microsoft Word - JMEHM-7-7 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine A comparison between conflict of interest in Western and Islamic literatures in the realm of medicine Mojtaba Parsa1, Kiarash Aramesh2, and Bagher Larijani3* 1Medical Ethics PhD Candidate, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, and Department of Medical Ethics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2 Associate Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3 Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Conflict between two concepts, for instance, indicates that one is right and the other is wrong, while tazāhum does not necessarily have to be between right and wrong, and may appear between two equally right concepts. keywords: conflict; ethics; fiqh; interest; islamic; literatures; tazāhum; taāruz cache: jmehm-111.pdf plain text: jmehm-111.txt item: #23 of 254 id: jmehm-1111 author: Sharifi, Tahere; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan; Mosadeghrad, Ali Mohammad; Jaafaripooyan, Ebrahim title: Practicing patients’ rights in Iran: a review of evidence date: 2021-12-25 words: 7087 flesch: 55 summary: Abstract Protection of patients' rights is critical in improving healthcare quality, and hence this study aimed at reviewing patient rights’ practices in healthcare organizations of Iran. Respect for patients' rights in organizations was assessed at a moderate level, and some aspects of patients' rights should be attended to immediately. keywords: awareness; ethics; health; healthcare; hospitals; iran; journal; medical; nurses; observance; patients; practice; prc; prs; review; rights; sciences; studies; study; university cache: jmehm-1111.pdf plain text: jmehm-1111.txt item: #24 of 254 id: jmehm-1112 author: Bahmanziari, Najmeh; Mohammadi, Seyed Mehrdad; Takian, Amirhossein; Arab, Mohammad; Harirchi, Iraj title: Applying ethical theories to the Iranian health system governance: a critical empirical assessment date: 2021-12-08 words: 6057 flesch: 34 summary: Rashidian A, Arab M, Vaez-Mahdavi M, Ashtarian K, Mostafavi H. Which social values are considered in Iranian health system? Rashidian A, Arab M, Mostafavi H. Freedom and equity in Iranian health system: a qualitative study. keywords: article; documents; egalitarian; ethics; health; health system; iran; justice; liberalism; med; policy; social; theories; utilitarianism cache: jmehm-1112.pdf plain text: jmehm-1112.txt item: #25 of 254 id: jmehm-1119 author: Huanhuan, Cao; Li, Ming; Wang, Mingxu; Roder, David; Olver, Ian Norman title: Challenges for ethics committees in biomedical research governance: illustrations from China and Australia date: 2021-12-10 words: 6169 flesch: 36 summary: Research ethics on the agenda – the debates preceding the establishment of ethics committees. These challenges can be difficult where research ethics committees rely on voluntary contributions and lack a strong resource base. keywords: australia; biomedical; challenges; china; ethics; ethics committees; health; human; med; medical; national; research; research ethics; review cache: jmehm-1119.pdf plain text: jmehm-1119.txt item: #26 of 254 id: jmehm-112 author: Kleisiaris, Christos F; Sfakianakis, Chrisanthos; Papathanasiou, Ioanna V title: Health care practices in ancient Greece: The Hippocratic ideal date: 2015-10-14 words: 3245 flesch: 54 summary: The aim of this study was to present the philosophy of care provision in ancient Greece and to highlight the influence of the Hippocratic ideal in modern health care practices. The aim of this paper is to present the philoso- phy of health and the provision of care at a physical and mental level in ancient Greece and to highlight the influence of the Hippocratic ideal in relation to modern health care practices. keywords: body; care; diseases; ethics; greece; health; hippocrates; medical; medicine; treatment cache: jmehm-112.pdf plain text: jmehm-112.txt item: #27 of 254 id: jmehm-113 author: Mirzazadeh, Azim; Ostadrahimi, Nima; Ghalandarpoorattar, Seyedeh Mojgan; Asghari, Fariba title: Teaching endotracheal intubation on the recently deceased: opinion of patients and families date: 2015-10-14 words: 3682 flesch: 57 summary: The opinions of patients and companions about endotracheal intubation training on newly deceased patients (EIT/NDP) Patients’ response Companions’ response Question JMEHM-7-5 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Teaching endotracheal intubation on the recently deceased: opinion of patients and families Azim Mirzazadeh1, Nima Ostadrahimi2, Seyedeh Mojgan Ghalandarpoorattar3, Fariba Asghari4* 1Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Resident, Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Resident, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Associate Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: companions; consent; eit; intubation; med; patients; study cache: jmehm-113.pdf plain text: jmehm-113.txt item: #28 of 254 id: jmehm-114 author: Myftari, Kreshnik; Vyshka, Gentian title: Mission impossible: upholding successfully a charge of infanticide in the Albanian legal practice date: 2015-10-14 words: 2897 flesch: 52 summary: However, legislation on infanticide foresees mitigating circumstances for infanticidal mothers, with sentences by far dispro- portionate to the severity of the crime. Through describing three cases of infanti- cide and filicide in recent years of Albanian judicial proceedings, authors raise the concern formulated from other sources regarding the excessive empathy surrounding infanticidal mothers, a deleterious obstacle toward achieving justice. keywords: albanian; case; child; ethics; infanticide; law; med; mothers cache: jmehm-114.pdf plain text: jmehm-114.txt item: #29 of 254 id: jmehm-115 author: Borhani, Fariba; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Nakhaee, Nouzar; Roshanzadeh, Mostafa title: The relationship between moral distress, professional stress, and intent to stay in the nursing profession date: 2015-10-14 words: 5964 flesch: 56 summary: Theories of moral distress and intent to stay Moral distress theory Moral distress is a concept first introduced by Jameton (21). JMEHM-7-3 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine The relationship between moral distress, professional stress, and intent to stay in the nursing profession Fariba Borhani1, Abbas Abbaszadeh2, Nouzar Nakhaee3, Mostafa Roshanzadeh4* keywords: care; distress; frequency; intensity; intent; mean; nurses; nursing; profession; study cache: jmehm-115.pdf plain text: jmehm-115.txt item: #30 of 254 id: jmehm-1150 author: Tajalli, Saleheh; Ashghali Farahani, Mansoureh; Hamzekhani, Mazlome; Shirinabadi Farahani, Azam; Pourgholam Amiji, Nima; Mavrinac, Martina; Aliyari, Roqayeh title: Does the Farsi version of attitude toward plagiarism questionnaire have acceptable psychometric properties? date: 2022-03-08 words: 5315 flesch: 55 summary: The Attitudes toward plagiarism questionnaire (ATPQ) developed in 2010 by Mavrinac et al. is a formative general indicator of attitudes toward plagiarism (19). Credentialism and grade orientation are the major factors influencing student plagiarism. keywords: atpq; attitude; ethics; factor; items; med; medical; plagiarism; students; validity; version cache: jmehm-1150.pdf plain text: jmehm-1150.txt item: #31 of 254 id: jmehm-1158 author: Saber, Mahboobeh title: When complementary and alternative medicine intervenes in the conventional treatment of cancer patients: ethical analysis of a clinical case date: 2021-12-07 words: 2772 flesch: 52 summary: Traditional medicine practitioners promised to cure the illnesses of Miss F. and Miss S. using traditional treatment. Jo u rn a l o f M e d ica l E th ics a n d H isto ry o f M e d icin e When complementary and alternative medicine intervenes in the conventional treatment of cancer patients: ethical analysis of a clinical case Mahboobeh Saber Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, shiraz, Iran. keywords: alternative; cancer; ethics; medicine; patient; traditional; treatment cache: jmehm-1158.pdf plain text: jmehm-1158.txt item: #32 of 254 id: jmehm-116 author: Mobasher, Mina; Aramesh, Kiarash; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Nakhaee, Nouzar; Tahmasebi, Mamak; Larijani, Bagher title: End-of-life care ethical decision-making: Shiite scholars' views date: 2015-10-14 words: 7887 flesch: 57 summary: According to a recent qualitative study, Iranian oncologists believed that financial problems were the most influential of issues affecting end of life care decision making and treatment withdrawal of terminal patients (10). Finally, we suggest that a guideline in keeping with Islamic norms on human life and death, purpose of life, God’s will, boundaries of man’s authority, and the physician’s ethical duties and obligations should be developed. keywords: care; death; end; ethical; ethics; health; iran; islamic; life; med; medical; participants; patients; research cache: jmehm-116.pdf plain text: jmehm-116.txt item: #33 of 254 id: jmehm-1160 author: Ramezani, Ghobad; Aalaa, Maryam; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Soltani Arabshahi, Seyed Kamran; Rasouli, Davood; Keshavarzi, Mohammad Hasan title: Exploring the challenges and ethical requirements of medical sciences education during COVID-19: a qualitative study date: 2021-12-31 words: 5739 flesch: 42 summary: Medical education challenges and innovations during COVID-19 pandemic. Four categories, out of 10, were related to ethical challenges and six ones to ethical requirements. keywords: challenges; clinical; covid-19; education; ethical; ethics; iran; medical; requirements; research; sciences; study cache: jmehm-1160.pdf plain text: jmehm-1160.txt item: #34 of 254 id: jmehm-117 author: Shahriari, Mohsen; Baloochestani, Elahe title: Applying professional values: the perspective of nurses of Isfahan hospitals date: 2015-10-14 words: 4066 flesch: 52 summary: No significant association was found between demographic characteristics such as nurses’ age (P = 0.975), gender (P= 0.169), education (P= 0.150), and work records (P= 0.148) and their perspective on applying professional ethical values (Table 1). An instrument to measure professional nursing values. keywords: care; ethics; med; nurses; nursing; practice; professional; study; values cache: jmehm-117.pdf plain text: jmehm-117.txt item: #35 of 254 id: jmehm-1174 author: Vyshka, Gentian; Ulqinaku, Dritan; Mana, Tedi title: Ethical concerns in the age of an advanced psychopharmacology date: 2021-12-30 words: 2640 flesch: 56 summary: J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2021; 14: 29. Non-serendipitous discoveries secondarily associated with serendipitous observation (barbiturates) keywords: discovery; drugs; ethical; ethics; med; medicine; patients; psychiatry; psychopharmacology; serendipitous cache: jmehm-1174.pdf plain text: jmehm-1174.txt item: #36 of 254 id: jmehm-1176 author: Azadian, Marzieh; Nasrabadi, Tahereh; Ebadi, Abbas; Mokhtari Nouri, Jamileh title: Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the role model apperception tool (RoMAT) in undergraduate nursing students date: 2022-10-25 words: 6443 flesch: 50 summary: Since role model clinical instructors of Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the role model apperception tool … J. Med. Ethics. Med. 2022 (Oct); 15: 5. experiences of role model instructors and nursing students about the facilitating factors of the role modeling process. keywords: items; med; medical; model; modeling; nursing; persian; role; role model; students; study; tool; translation; version cache: jmehm-1176.pdf plain text: jmehm-1176.txt item: #37 of 254 id: jmehm-1186 author: Kiasalar, Mohammad; Shokrkhah, Younes; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Namazi, Hamidreza title: Media codes of ethics for health professionals and media professionals: a qualitative study date: 2022-03-15 words: 8272 flesch: 44 summary: Media codes of ethics for health professionals and media professionals: a qualitative study 1. PhD Candidate of Medical Ethics, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Kiasalar1, Younes Shokrkhah2, Saharnaz Nedjat3, Hamidreza Namazi4* Media codes of ethics for health professionals and media professionals… J. Med. keywords: audience; codes; ethics; health; health professionals; march; media; media codes; media professionals; medical; professionals; public; study; subcategories cache: jmehm-1186.pdf plain text: jmehm-1186.txt item: #38 of 254 id: jmehm-119 author: Aramesh, Kiarash title: In defense of a regulated system of compensated egg donation for research date: 2014-03-15 words: 4434 flesch: 49 summary: On one hand, there are strong objections, for instance in 2004, California’s stem cell law prohibited payment for research egg donors (17). A legal defense for compensating research egg donors. keywords: cell; compensation; donation; donors; egg; eggs; ethics; med; research; stem cache: jmehm-119.pdf plain text: jmehm-119.txt item: #39 of 254 id: jmehm-1193 author: Aghighi, Negar; Aryankhesal, Aidin; Raeissi, Pouran title: Factors affecting the recurrence of medical errors in hospitals and the preventive strategies: a scoping review date: 2022-10-25 words: 7612 flesch: 51 summary: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the recurrence of medical errors and strategies to prevent them through a scoping review. Keywords: Medical errors; Medical mistakes; Patient safety; Hospitals. keywords: errors; ethics; factors; health; hist; human; management; medical; medication; oct; patient; recurrence; review; safety; studies; study cache: jmehm-1193.pdf plain text: jmehm-1193.txt item: #40 of 254 id: jmehm-1197 author: Medical Ethics & History of Medicine, Journal of title: Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Contributors date: 2021-12-31 words: 1332 flesch: 17 summary: Jo u rn a l o f M e d ica l E th ics a n d H isto ry o f M e d icin e Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Chairman and Editor-in-Chief: B. Larijani Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. P. Salari Associate Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: email; iran; medical; sciences; tehran; university cache: jmehm-1197.pdf plain text: jmehm-1197.txt item: #41 of 254 id: jmehm-1198 author: Khabaz Mafinejad, Mahboobeh; Kadivar, Maliheh; Asghari, Fariba; Jannat, Zeinab; Hadizadeh, Nastaran title: Developing a professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals in Iran: a mixed methods study date: 2022-12-28 words: 6042 flesch: 44 summary: Dangers and benefits of social media on e- professionalism of health care professionals: scoping review. Health-care professionals (HCPs) can use online social media to engage the public in health activities, involve them in decision-making, and facilitate their access to medical information and services (4). keywords: care; cyberspace; ethical; ethics; guideline; health; information; iran; media; medical; professional; social; study; use cache: jmehm-1198.pdf plain text: jmehm-1198.txt item: #42 of 254 id: jmehm-12 author: Rismanchi, Mojtaba title: Chronic pain and voluntary euthanasia date: 2008-10-19 words: 1289 flesch: 59 summary: Chronic pain patients are impaired on an emotional decision-making task. Abstract Keywords: Chronic pain, Emotion, Decision making, Voluntary euthanasia. keywords: chronic; decision; making; pain cache: jmehm-12.pdf plain text: jmehm-12.txt item: #43 of 254 id: jmehm-120 author: Kalantarzadeh, Mozhgan; Hosseinnejad, Maryam title: Underreporting of medication errors in nursing students: a threat to patient safety date: 2014-03-15 words: 4621 flesch: 56 summary: JMEHM-7-11 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Underreporting of medication errors in nursing students: a threat to patient safety Mozhgan Kalantarzadeh1*, Maryam Hosseinnejad 2 1MSc, Department of Medical Surgical, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three parts: 1) demographic information, 2) types and causes of medication errors, and 3) causes of underreporting. keywords: care; errors; factors; health; medication; mes; nurses; nursing; reporting; students; study cache: jmehm-120.pdf plain text: jmehm-120.txt item: #44 of 254 id: jmehm-1200 author: Molaei Tavani, Fatemeh; Behshid, Mozhgan; Rahmani, Azad; Mousavi, Saeid; Seif-Farshad, Mehran; Rahmani, Parvin title: Relationships between ethical decision-making and professional behavior in Iranian nursing students date: 2022-08-10 words: 5259 flesch: 43 summary: Original Article Abstract Ethical decision-making and professional behavior are essential skills in nursing profession, hence educational programs should be designed to enable future nurses to tackle problems related to ethical decision-making. This descriptive, correlational and analytical study aimed at determining the ability of Iranian nursing students to make ethical decisions as well as relationship between such decisions and professional behavior. keywords: behavior; decisions; ethical; ethics; making; med; medical; nurses; nursing; professional; students; tabriz cache: jmehm-1200.pdf plain text: jmehm-1200.txt item: #45 of 254 id: jmehm-1205 author: Zardoui, Arshia; Yekaninejad, Mir Saeed; Kazemian, Ali; Parsa, Mojtaba title: Assessing the willingness of patients’ companions to disclose bad news to cancer patients date: 2022-06-01 words: 5454 flesch: 58 summary: Tel: (+98) 21 66 41 96 61 Email: mparsa@tums.ac.ir Received: 9 Mar 2022 Accepted: 15 May 2022 Published: 1 Jun 2022 Citation to this article: Zardoui A, Yekaninejad MS, Kazemian A, Parsa M. Assessing the willingness of patients’ companions to disclose bad news to cancer patients. Arshia Zardoui1, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad2, Ali Kazemian3, Mojtaba Parsa4* Assessing the willingness of patients’ companions to disclose bad news to cancer patients J. Med. keywords: cancer; cancer news; cancer patients; companions; diagnosis; med; news; non; patients cache: jmehm-1205.pdf plain text: jmehm-1205.txt item: #46 of 254 id: jmehm-1206 author: Keshmiri, Fatemeh; Hosseinpour, Azam title: Interprofessional professionalism as a motivating force in interprofessional collaboration date: 2022-10-29 words: 4861 flesch: 37 summary: Adamson et al. introduced IP empathy as a factor affecting the well-being of IP team members, leading to team cohesion and IPC (16), inconsistent with the present results. Team members believed that ignoring human and professional values would create unfriendly atmosphere in OR and decrease team members' performance. keywords: accountability; interprofessional; ipc; med; members; participant; professionalism; study; team; values cache: jmehm-1206.pdf plain text: jmehm-1206.txt item: #47 of 254 id: jmehm-121 author: Tabatabaei, SeyedMahmoud; Sabetkish, Nastaran; Tabatabaei, SeyedMohammadAli title: Ophthalmology in Persian medicine date: 2014-03-15 words: 4002 flesch: 62 summary: Optic nerve ruptures The Importance of the Optic Nerve Rhazes considers optic nerve damage or rupture to be the most important risk factor for blindness or visual disorders (9, 10). In cases of blindness or sight diminution where no obvious damage is found during eye examina- tions, Rhazes recommends that optic nerve or even brain damage be taken into consideration. keywords: condition; conjunctivitis; eye; medical; medicine; nerve; ophthalmology; optic; persian; rhazes; tehran cache: jmehm-121.pdf plain text: jmehm-121.txt item: #48 of 254 id: jmehm-1219 author: Tajdari, Setareh; Irajpour, Alireza; Shahriari, Mohsen; Saghaei, Mahmoud title: Identifying the dimensions of patient privacy in intensive care units: a qualitative content analysis study date: 2022-10-25 words: 7042 flesch: 51 summary: Original Article Abstract In intensive care units (ICUs), patient privacy is of particular importance due to the structure of the ward environment and the critical situation of the patients. The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions of patient privacy in ICUs. keywords: care; dimensions; ethics; health; icus; iran; isfahan; med; medical; participants; patient; privacy; sciences; staff; study; units cache: jmehm-1219.pdf plain text: jmehm-1219.txt item: #49 of 254 id: jmehm-122 author: Borhani, Fariba; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Moosavi, Soolmaz title: Status of human dignity of adult patients admitted to hospitals of Tehran date: 2014-03-15 words: 5563 flesch: 56 summary: Inappropriate patient dignity can affect patient outcome, the recovery process, and return to normal life, and therefore we recommend that maintaining human dignity and the factors influ- encing it be considered in the treatment of patients. The importance of patient dignity, the status quo, patients’ needs, and a shortage of survey studies in this area were the underlying incentives for conduct- ing this study. keywords: dignity; distress; health; med; mind; patients; peace; respect; social; studies; study; support cache: jmehm-122.pdf plain text: jmehm-122.txt item: #50 of 254 id: jmehm-1226 author: Ebadi, Abbas; Shojaei, Amirahmad; Larijani, Bagher; Akhoundi, Mohammad Sadegh; Khorshidian, Azam title: The ethical attitude of dentists scale: development and psychometric properties date: 2022-12-28 words: 7612 flesch: 56 summary: Med. 2022 (Dec); 15:12. 18 Conclusion In the present study, we tried to provide sufficient information about the process of evaluating the validity and reliability of the Ethical Attitude of Dentists scale. This study aimed to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the ethical attitude of dentists scale (EADS). keywords: analysis; attitude; dec; dental; dentists; dentists scale; ethical; ethics; factor; items; med; patients; scale; study; tehran; validity cache: jmehm-1226.pdf plain text: jmehm-1226.txt item: #51 of 254 id: jmehm-123 author: Drampalos, Efstathios; Stogiannos, Vasileios; Psyllakis, Panagiotis; Sadiq, Mohammad; Michos, Ioannis title: The influence of theory on the formation of the infirmary during antiquity and the Middle Ages in the West date: 2014-03-15 words: 4859 flesch: 53 summary: During this era there was little progress in medical theory in the West, although one significant evolution was the emer- gence of new types of infirmaries. Abstract The modern infirmary is the evolutional product of the dialectic interface between medical theories at each time and the outcome of their application in clinical practice. keywords: ages; diseases; greek; history; hospital; infirmary; medicine; middle; patients; practice; theory; time cache: jmehm-123.pdf plain text: jmehm-123.txt item: #52 of 254 id: jmehm-1230 author: Nezamoleslami, Davoud; Mohamadi, Efat; Larijani, Bagher; Olyaeemanesh, Alireza; Ebrahimi Tavani, Masoumeh; Rashidpouraie, Roya; Bathaei, Fataneh Sadat title: Barriers of health equity in the Iranian health system from the medical ethics viewpoint date: 2022-12-28 words: 7627 flesch: 51 summary: Equity in access to health services is one of the most important dimensions and manifestations of justice in an Islamic society that should be considered by the Islamic system. Med. 2022 (Dec); 15: 14. achieving equity in the society, and the right to health services creates equal opportunities for community members (8). keywords: access; barriers; care; care services; equity; ethics; geographical; health; health equity; health services; healthcare; interviewee; medical; services; social; study; system; tehran cache: jmehm-1230.pdf plain text: jmehm-1230.txt item: #53 of 254 id: jmehm-124 author: Mohamadi, Amin; Asghari, Fariba; Rashidian, Arash title: Continuing review of ethics in clinical trials: a surveillance study in Iran date: 2014-03-15 words: 4163 flesch: 51 summary: In total, 70 dissertations had reported obtaining informed consent from study participants, whereas consent forms were attached in only 22 dissertations (17.50%). Moreover, the mean SES of consent forms was significantly higher in 1999 (0.746) than in 2009 (0.428), highlighting the need for more training of researchers and improved surveillance by the ethics committees. keywords: consent; dissertations; ethics; forms; medical; participants; research; study cache: jmehm-124.pdf plain text: jmehm-124.txt item: #54 of 254 id: jmehm-1247 author: Mousavi, Seyed Kazem; Kamali, Mohsen; Bahrami Eyvanaki, Zeinab title: Ethical work climate and the intention to leave the service in emergency medical technicians during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2022-12-28 words: 5726 flesch: 52 summary: Ethical work climate and the intention to leave the service in emergency medical technicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that ethical work climate is one of the influential but less noticed factors that affect the performance of EMTs. keywords: climate; emergency; ethical; intention; med; medical; score; service; work; work climate cache: jmehm-1247.pdf plain text: jmehm-1247.txt item: #55 of 254 id: jmehm-1254 author: Zahedi, Ladannaz; Larijani, Bagher; Javadi, Mohsen; Aawani, Shahin; Jafari, Seyed Abdosaleh; Joodaki, Kobra; Rashidpouraie, Roya; Saeedi Tehrani, Saeedeh title: A dialog on common morality in medical ethics in a pluralist setting in Iran: a qualitative content analysis date: 2023-06-19 words: 7594 flesch: 50 summary: These findings strengthen our insight into CM content in a pluralistic setting. The theme of CM ontology was extracted from 4 categories: the existence of CM, the universality of CM, the relationship between CM and experience, and the relationship between CM and human sensory perception. keywords: common; concept; data; ethics; hist; iran; jun; med; medical; morality; participants; research; social; study; theory cache: jmehm-1254.pdf plain text: jmehm-1254.txt item: #56 of 254 id: jmehm-1255 author: Noroozi, Mahshad; Bahmani, Fatemeh; Mousavizadeh, Kazem; Saeedi Tehrani, Saeedeh; Hashemi, Akram; Forouzandeh, Mina title: To use or not to use? an ethical analysis of access to data and samples of a deceased patient for genetic diagnostic and research purposes date: 2022-12-28 words: 6246 flesch: 53 summary: However, the matter is unclear in case of deceased patients and the prior refusal to share genetic information. Keywords: Genetic information; Postmortem disclosure; Ethics; Family members; Confidentiality; Consent. keywords: autonomy; data; deceased; ethics; family; information; med; medical; members; patient; relatives; risk; samples; use cache: jmehm-1255.pdf plain text: jmehm-1255.txt item: #57 of 254 id: jmehm-1257 author: Fatahi, Yasser; Norouzinia, Roohangiz; Aghabarary, Maryam title: Professional quality of life and resilience in pre-hospital emergency technicians during COVID-19 in Iran: a cross-sectional study date: 2022-12-28 words: 6432 flesch: 46 summary: Professional quality of life and resilience in pre-hospital emergency technicians during COVID-19 in Iran: a cross-sectional study 1. Yasser Fatahi1, Roohangiz Norouzinia2, Maryam Aghabarary 2* Professional quality of life and resilience in pre-hospital emergency technicians during COVID-19 in Iran J. Med. Ethics. keywords: burnout; compassion; emergency; hospital; life; med; professional; quality; resilience; satisfaction; stress; study; technicians cache: jmehm-1257.pdf plain text: jmehm-1257.txt item: #58 of 254 id: jmehm-126 author: Mehdipour-Rabori, Roghayeh; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Borhani, Fariba title: Human dignity of patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to hospitals of Kerman, Iran, in 2015 date: 2016-07-16 words: 4903 flesch: 56 summary: It is hoped that by identifying the status of patients dignity in CICUs, nurses and other healthcare providers may try to resolve problems related to human dignity and promote patients dignity. Sautier LP, Vehling S, Mehnert A. Assessment of patients' dignity in cancer care: preliminary psychometrics of the German version of the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI-G). keywords: care; cvd; dignity; med; patients; problems; study cache: jmehm-126.pdf plain text: jmehm-126.txt item: #59 of 254 id: jmehm-127 author: Davoodvand, Shirmohammad; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Ahmadi, Fazlollah title: Patient advocacy from the clinical nurses' viewpoint: a qualitative study date: 2016-12-31 words: 5439 flesch: 59 summary: Many studies have referred to the failure to define and explain the concept of nursing advocacy and their results were not in agreement (8, 10). The aim of this study was to better clarify nursing advocacy among Iranian nurses through a qualitative study. keywords: advocacy; care; data; empathy; ethics; health; med; nurses; nursing; patient; study cache: jmehm-127.pdf plain text: jmehm-127.txt item: #60 of 254 id: jmehm-1270 author: Tahmasebi, Mamak title: Ethics and palliative care: a case of patient’s autonomy date: 2022-12-28 words: 1617 flesch: 59 summary: Introduction: The objective of palliative care is to provide holistic care to enhance the quality of life by addressing physical, psychological, social and spiritual suffering. Keywords: Palliative care; Autonomy; Ethics. keywords: autonomy; care; ethics; patients cache: jmehm-1270.pdf plain text: jmehm-1270.txt item: #61 of 254 id: jmehm-1280 author: Moazzen, Vahid; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan title: The extent of government intervention in the public health system and individual freedoms during the Covid-19 pandemic: a theoretical analysis date: 2023-07-18 words: 4393 flesch: 47 summary: Original Article Abstract The concept of individual freedom has complex and multifaceted dimensions that significantly affect the limits of permissible government interventions aimed at restricting such freedoms and maintaining public health. Even in minimal governments that are built upon a free-market system and unrestricted conception of individuals’ freedom, such public health interventions are justifiable in the light of the ‘Catastrophic Moral Horror’ where there is an extreme risk to the health of citizens. keywords: freedom; government; health; individual; intervention; justice; med; public; social cache: jmehm-1280.pdf plain text: jmehm-1280.txt item: #62 of 254 id: jmehm-1282 author: Khaleghparast, Shiva; Maleki, Majid; Gholampour Dehaki, Maziyar; Homami, Setareh; Sadooghiasl, Afsaneh; Mazloomzadeh, Saeideh; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan title: How to approach a colleague’s error: a journey from moral knowledge to moral action date: 2023-06-13 words: 4255 flesch: 53 summary: Keywords: Colleague’s error; Medical error; Ethical framework. Medical errors are among the challenges of the health-care system that usually occur due to human error and the poor design of health-care systems. keywords: case; error; ethics; health; iran; medical; moral; patient; tehran cache: jmehm-1282.pdf plain text: jmehm-1282.txt item: #63 of 254 id: jmehm-1298 author: Shomoossi, Nematullah; Rad, Mostafa title: Self-citation: to do or not to do? date: 2023-06-12 words: 1012 flesch: 46 summary: But it was intentionally practiced, particularly after citations turned into a yardstick for authors’ ranking and reputation from that point on,self *Corresponding Author Mostafa Rad Address: Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Shuhada Hasteei Blvd., Sabzevar, Iran. Published: 12 Jun 2023 Citation to this article: Shomoossi N, Rad M. Self-citation: to do or not to do? keywords: citation; researchers; self cache: jmehm-1298.pdf plain text: jmehm-1298.txt item: #64 of 254 id: jmehm-13 author: Käppeli, Silvia title: Compassion in Jewish, Christian and secular nursing. a systematic comparison of a key concept of nursing date: 2008-12-01 words: 5419 flesch: 67 summary: Because nothing is more specific to God than compassion…” (20: 14th Speech, About the love for the poor, §5). Linguistic and hermeneutical problems a) Compassion presupposes an experience of suffering, and any interpretation of compassion in a given text requires a qualitative and quantitative analysis of this underlying suffering and its context. keywords: christian; compassion; god; holy; med; nursing; research; sick; suffering; texts; topos cache: jmehm-13.pdf plain text: jmehm-13.txt item: #65 of 254 id: jmehm-1305 author: Ejtahed, Hanieh Sadat; Parsa, Mojtaba; Larijani, Bagher title: Ethical challenges in conducting and the clinical application of human microbiome research date: 2023-07-29 words: 2398 flesch: 36 summary: We highlight the urgent need to develop ethical guidelines concerning informed consent, privacy, microbiome biobanks, disclosure of the results of microbiome research, and translation of human microbiome research into practical applications such as FMT. Med. 2023 (July); 16: 5. 2 Advances in microbiome research combined with significant progress in “-omics” technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have generated valuable insights into the fundamental impact that microbiomes have on human health, including digestion, vitamin production, immunity, child growth, development and ageing. keywords: ethical; ethics; human; med; medical; microbiome; research; tehran cache: jmehm-1305.pdf plain text: jmehm-1305.txt item: #66 of 254 id: jmehm-1306 author: Asadi, Mojgan; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Ebrahimpur, Mahbube; Larijani, Bagher title: Ethical challenges in gestational diabetes date: 2023-08-19 words: 3175 flesch: 54 summary: Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a health problem that affects about 7-10% of pregnant women worldwide (1-3). Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in eastern and southeastern Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. keywords: diabetes; ethical; ethics; gdm; gestational; health; journal; med; medical cache: jmehm-1306.pdf plain text: jmehm-1306.txt item: #67 of 254 id: jmehm-131 author: Khorasani, Elahe; Keyvanara, Mahmoud; Etemadi, Manal; Asadi, Somaye; Mohammadi, Mahan; Barati, Maryam title: Insurance companies’ point of view toward moral hazard incentives date: 2016-11-05 words: 4972 flesch: 51 summary: Keshavarz G, ZomorrodiAnbaji M. Analysis of adverse selection and moral hazard in health insurance of Iran case study of medicine and paraclinical services. [in Persian] 7. Ghiasvand H, Hadian M, Maleki M. Relationship between health insurance and catastrophic medical payment in hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Science; 2009. keywords: costs; hazards; health; individuals; insurance; interviewee; iran; moral; number; patients; services; study cache: jmehm-131.pdf plain text: jmehm-131.txt item: #68 of 254 id: jmehm-132 author: Adaryani, Mohsen Rezaei; Javadi, Mohsen; Tavakkoli, Saeid Nazari; Kiani, Mehrzad; Abbasi, Mahmood title: Conceptualization of Idle (Laghw) and its Relation to Medical Futility date: 2016-12-31 words: 5679 flesch: 55 summary: Medical futility: a commonly used and potentially abused idea in medical ethics. The topic of medical futility requires discrete assessment in Iran for at least two reasons. keywords: benefit; ethics; futility; health; idle; medical; patient; principles; surah; verse; word cache: jmehm-132.pdf plain text: jmehm-132.txt item: #69 of 254 id: jmehm-133 author: Golshani, Seyyed Alireza; Seddigh, Fatemeh; Pirouzan, Hadi; Daneshfard, Babak title: Chorasmia Medical School from the beginning until the Mongol invasion date: 2016-02-28 words: 3904 flesch: 68 summary: Keywords: Chorasmia, historical geography, history of medicine, medical school, Iranian scholars mailto:babakdaneshfard@gmail.com J Med Ethics Hist Med 8:11 Nov, 2015 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Seyyed Alireza Golshani et al. Page 2 of 6 (page number not for citation purposes) Introduction The honorable history of Chorasmia has undoubtedly been shaped by various educational and experimental links which have formed various scientific doctrines and have played a role in the training of different scientists and scholars. J Med Ethics Hist Med 8:11 Nov, 2015 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Seyyed Alireza Golshani et al. Page 6 of 6 (page number not for citation purposes) References 1. keywords: a.d; ale; chorasmia; dynasty; history; ibn; iran; ma'mun; medical; medicine; persian; tehran cache: jmehm-133.pdf plain text: jmehm-133.txt item: #70 of 254 id: jmehm-134 author: Asemani, Omid title: A complementary response to the article “breaching confidentiality: medical mandatory reporting laws in Iran” date: 2016-02-28 words: 1440 flesch: 39 summary: In this respect, law, I think, has been the best case for having three main characteristics all suitable for mediating negative outcomes of breaching medical confidentiality: its concern for justice, extensive public acceptance and having executive power; applying these positive potentials, we could hope that destructive effects of breaking confidentiality, especially on the trust, to be dealt with to a minimum. In this way, I have discussed why medical confidentiality needs to be protected completely unless formal laws make members of the health care team to divulge minimum professional information to specific legal authorities. keywords: confidentiality; medical; patients; public cache: jmehm-134.pdf plain text: jmehm-134.txt item: #71 of 254 id: jmehm-135 author: Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh; Mehrdad, Neda title: Experiences of Iranian physicians regarding do not resuscitate: a directed-content analysis date: 2016-08-28 words: 6241 flesch: 59 summary: Downar et al., after 44 semi-structured interviews with dying patients, stated that patients with higher level of awareness are more likely to accept DNR (23). The purpose of a do not resuscitate (DNR) order for dying patients, is in fact to provide conditions for a comfortable death and avoid futile care measures (6). keywords: care; codes; dnr; ethics; family; med; medical; order; patient; physicians; study cache: jmehm-135.pdf plain text: jmehm-135.txt item: #72 of 254 id: jmehm-136 author: Yavari, Neda title: Does medical education erode medical trainees' ethical attitude and behavior? date: 2016-11-23 words: 5693 flesch: 48 summary: A comparison with the course of moral development in ordinary people from Kohlberg’s and Gilligan's points of view reveals that the growth of ethical attitudes and behaviors in medical students is stunted or even degraded in many medical schools. Unlike Kleinman, they claim medical students are both aware of these changes and worried about their character (2). keywords: behavior; development; education; erosion; ethics; medical; moral; principles; students; year cache: jmehm-136.pdf plain text: jmehm-136.txt item: #73 of 254 id: jmehm-138 author: Aazami, Sanaz; Mozafari, Mosayeb title: Development of a scale for the evaluation of patients’ rights prerequisites at educational hospitals in Iran: a study using the Delphi technique date: 2016-02-28 words: 6997 flesch: 54 summary: In addition, knowledge of staff about patients' rights correlated with educational level and years of experience as a nurse (20). The results of the current study show that experts’ decisions were directed toward those main elements that play an important role in maintenance and practice of patient's rights. keywords: care; ethics; experts; health; hospitals; items; med; page; patients; practice; rights; round; scale; study; technique cache: jmehm-138.pdf plain text: jmehm-138.txt item: #74 of 254 id: jmehm-139 author: Ahmadi Jazi, Ghazaleh; Eftekhar, Mehrdad; Mobasher, Pezhman; Saeedi Tehrani, Saeedeh; Ahmadi, Khosro; Rastgouy Fahim, Maria title: Surveying the attitudes of transsexual patients referring to Tehran Institute of Psychiatry toward doctors’ empathy, Iran, 2011-2012 date: 2016-02-28 words: 4206 flesch: 55 summary: Empathy - Ghazaleh ahmadi - 170 - 16-8-94.docx Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article Surveying the attitudes of transsexual patients referring to Tehran Institute of Psychiatry toward doctors’ empathy, Iran, 2011-2012 Ghazaleh Ahmadi Jazi1, Mehrdad Eftekhar*2, Pezhman Mobasher3, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani4, Khosro Ahmadi5, Maria Rastgouy Fahim6 1Researcher, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Associate Professor, Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4 Medical Ethics PhD Candidate, Department of Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Department of Pediatrics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Transsexual patients are very important in this regard. keywords: age; empathy; level; medical; patients; physicians; relationship; study; tehran cache: jmehm-139.pdf plain text: jmehm-139.txt item: #75 of 254 id: jmehm-14 author: Käppeli, Silvia title: Compassion in Jewish, Christian and secular nursing. a systematic comparison of a key concept of nursing date: 2008-12-01 words: 6209 flesch: 57 summary: All interpretations speculate about the therapeutic value of compassionate nursing care. Sci. Introduction The major thesis of this research is that the biblical topos of the Compassionate God was the original model of compassionate nursing and that this topos represents the core of the ethics of compassion and of caring in nursing today. keywords: care; caring; compassion; compassionate; deaconesses; ethics; god; human; med; nurse; nursing; page; relationship; suffering; topos cache: jmehm-14.pdf plain text: jmehm-14.txt item: #76 of 254 id: jmehm-142 author: Kalateh Sadati, Ahmad; Tabei, Seyed Ziauddin; Ebrahimzade, Najme; Zohri, Mohsen; Argasi, Hossein; Lankarani, Kamran Bagheri title: The paradigm model of distorted doctor-patient relationship in Southern Iran: a grounded theory study date: 2016-12-31 words: 7288 flesch: 53 summary: The dynamic consultation: a discourse analytical study of doctor patient communication. The doctor–patient relationship. keywords: doctor; dpr; ethics; health; interaction; iran; medical; model; patient; relationship; shiraz; study; system; university cache: jmehm-142.pdf plain text: jmehm-142.txt item: #77 of 254 id: jmehm-159 author: Madani, Mansoure; Larijani, Bagher; Madani, Ensieh; Ghasemzadeh, Nazafarin title: Establishment of medical education upon internalization of virtue ethics: bridging the gap between theory and practice date: 2017-04-05 words: 8889 flesch: 53 summary: With regard to this issue, teaching medical ethics and the related laws has been emphasized in the form of important curricula and nurturing ethical physicians (1). Medical ethics is considered to be one of the branches of applied ethics. keywords: attitude; behavior; character; decision; education; emotions; ethical; ethics; individual; internalization; medical; medicine; persian; physicians; practice; teaching; theory; training; virtue cache: jmehm-159.pdf plain text: jmehm-159.txt item: #78 of 254 id: jmehm-166 author: Kalateh Sadati, Ahmad; Iman, Mohammad Taghi; Bagheri Lankarani, Kamran; Ebrahimzadeh, Najmeh title: From good to great physician: a critical ethnography based on patients' views date: 2016-12-24 words: 5553 flesch: 55 summary: Therefore, doctors think that they are great doctors, while patients seek great doctors. Most doctors are great doctors in the eyes of the most patients (4). keywords: doctor; dpi; good; med; medical; patients; physician; shiraz; study; view cache: jmehm-166.pdf plain text: jmehm-166.txt item: #79 of 254 id: jmehm-168 author: Aghabarary, Maryam; Dehghan Nayeri, Nahid title: Medical futility and its challenges: a review study date: 2016-10-19 words: 8790 flesch: 51 summary: Reasons behind providing futile medical treatments The most important reasons behind providing futile medical treatments which had been referred to either implicitly or explicitly in the literature were as follows: • Patients’/family members’ request and persistence (2, 6-8, 30, 40, 44, 53) • Healthcare professionals’ personal emotions, beliefs, and attitudes (6-8, 30, 40, 53) • Organizational factors and fear over getting involved in medical litigation (2, 6-8, 30, 40, 44, 53) • Social, cultural, and religious factors (2, 6- 8, 30, 40, 44, 53, 54) The most important reasons behind providing futile medical treatments are patients’/family members’ request and persistence, healthcare professionals’ personal motives, and social, cultural, religious, and organizational factors predominating the immediate community. keywords: care; concept; death; ethics; family; futile; futility; goals; life; medical; members; patient; physicians; treatments; value cache: jmehm-168.pdf plain text: jmehm-168.txt item: #80 of 254 id: jmehm-176 author: Raiesifar, Afsaneh; Firouzkouhi, Mohammadreza; Fooladi, Marjaneh; Parvizy, Soroor title: Sociopolitical development of the nursing profession in Iran: a historical review date: 2016-11-05 words: 7098 flesch: 44 summary: Years later and after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, cultural traditions brought about major changes within the higher education system and nursing profession. (Participant number 14, female, 63 years old, nurse manager) Nursing profession undergoing modernity Modernization after the White Revolution included more women entering the nursing profession and families being content with a female dominant job for their daughters. keywords: changes; education; healthcare; iran; iranian; islamic; medical; number; nurses; nursing; nursing profession; profession; revolution; study; war cache: jmehm-176.pdf plain text: jmehm-176.txt item: #81 of 254 id: jmehm-177 author: Razzaghi, Mohammadreza; Afshar, Leila title: A conceptual model of physician-patient relationships: a qualitative study date: 2016-11-08 words: 4573 flesch: 50 summary: 1- Physician-Patient relationship components Definition Sub-category Category Accepting the patient as a person Non-judgmental behavior Valuing the patient Effective communication with patients based on their individual character Communication Effective listening, appreciating the patient’s experience of illness and empathy Effective presence Engaging patients in diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making Shared decision-making The balance of power Explaining medical terminology in an understandable language for the patient and educating them to follow the care tasks Educating the patient Using authority to encourage the patient to follow medical advice Guidance Constant communication with patients over time Another participant said: [We have to respect patients whether they are children or adults.] keywords: healing; medical; participant; patient; patient relationship; physician; relationship; study cache: jmehm-177.pdf plain text: jmehm-177.txt item: #82 of 254 id: jmehm-178 author: Kadivar, Maliheh; Mardani - Hamooleh, Marjan; Shayestefar, Shiva title: Evaluation of pediatric residents’ attitudes toward ethical conflict: a cross-sectional study in Tehran, Iran date: 2017-02-28 words: 5461 flesch: 45 summary: Other ethical conflicts considered important in this study were inappropriate professional behavior of physicians toward other health-care team members, and hospital rules and regulations which are in conflict with professional ethical principles. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article Evaluation of pediatric residents’ attitudes toward ethical conflict: a cross- sectional study in Tehran, Iran Maliheh Kadivar 1 , Marjan Mardani-Hamooleh 2 , Shiva Shayestefar 3* 1 Professor, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: children; conflicts; ethical; ethics; life; medical; pediatrics; residents; study cache: jmehm-178.pdf plain text: jmehm-178.txt item: #83 of 254 id: jmehm-181 author: Samadi, Aniseh; Asghari, Fariba title: Readability of informed consent forms in clinical trials conducted in a skin research center date: 2016-07-03 words: 5297 flesch: 53 summary: Readability scores formulas were entered into the software and the scores were calculated for each ICF. Mean ± standard deviation of readability scores for each template as well as specific information sections of ICFs were also calculated using Microsoft Excel. keywords: consent; ethics; flesch; grade; icfs; level; med; readability; research; study cache: jmehm-181.pdf plain text: jmehm-181.txt item: #84 of 254 id: jmehm-183 author: Beigy, Maani; Pishgahi, Ghasem; Moghaddas, Fateme; Maghbouli, Nastaran; Shirbache, Kamran; Asghari, Fariba; Abolfath- Zadeh, Navid title: Students’ medical ethics rounds: a combinatorial program for medical ethics education date: 2016-12-31 words: 7742 flesch: 52 summary: In this study, we introduce an innovative program for medical ethics education in an extra-curricular student-based design named Students’ Medical Ethics Rounds (SMER). It is well recognized that there is no single, best model for medical ethics education; therefore, there was a trend toward developing high quality undergraduate curricula in the past decades (4, 5). keywords: discussion; education; ethics; ethics education; medical; methods; participants; patients; role; rounds; students; tehran; university cache: jmehm-183.pdf plain text: jmehm-183.txt item: #85 of 254 id: jmehm-184 author: Fathi, Mohammad Javad title: Examination of crime and similar concepts in the medical law date: 2016-12-31 words: 5675 flesch: 47 summary: This article aims to determine the difference between the concepts of crime, guilt, civil crime and disciplinary transgression through enumeration of the related issues as well as examples of medical disciplinary crimes and transgressions. Examples of medical crimes include abortion and violation of professional secrecy, which can be subject to public prosecution in criminal courts. keywords: article; civil; conduct; crime; criminal; disciplinary; law; medical; subject; tehran cache: jmehm-184.pdf plain text: jmehm-184.txt item: #86 of 254 id: jmehm-188 author: Namazi, Hamidreza; Aramesh, Kiarash; Larijani, Bagher title: The doctor-patient relationship: toward a conceptual re-examination date: 2016-08-28 words: 3741 flesch: 41 summary: Patients who evade their responsibilities and encourage physicians to patriarchy in the process of therapy, or doctors who are not able to say “no to patients easily consent to inappropriate and ineffective treatments. First, ethical demands in doctor-patient interactions must have distinct definitions and terms; second, the phenomenological ethical debates on this issue need to be explored; and third, modern topics in the philosophy of the relationship should be considered, and relationships with the others should be analyzed from different perspectives. keywords: action; approach; doctor; ethics; medical; moral; patient; relationship cache: jmehm-188.pdf plain text: jmehm-188.txt item: #87 of 254 id: jmehm-192 author: Makarem, Jalil; Larijani, Bagher; Joodaki, Kobra; Ghaderi, Sahar; Nayeri, Fatemeh; Mohammadpoor, Masoud title: Patients' satisfaction with inpatient services provided in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, during 2011-2013 date: 2016-06-21 words: 6134 flesch: 49 summary: Draper M, Cohen P, Buchan H. Seeking consumer views: what use are results of hospital patient satisfaction surveys? The main objectives of this study were to assess patient satisfaction with the services provided in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, identify areas of patient dissatisfaction, and find ways to improve patient satisfaction with hospital services. keywords: care; health; hospital; iran; medical; nursing; participants; patients; quality; satisfaction; sciences; services; studies; study; tehran; university cache: jmehm-192.pdf plain text: jmehm-192.txt item: #88 of 254 id: jmehm-194 author: Hajibabaee, Fatemeh; Joolaee, Soodabeh; Cheraghi, Mahammad Ali; Salari, Pooneh; Rodney, Patricia title: Hospital/clinical ethics committees' notion: an overview date: 2016-12-19 words: 6805 flesch: 50 summary: Over the past 30 years, having hospital ethics committees (HECs) has been encouraged or assigned to hospitals in many countries (3), whereas such committees have not been extensively present in the healthcare settings of developing countries (4). Functions of hospital ethics committees Slowther et al. stated: The healthcare ethics committees were born out of a grass-root process in American hospitals (57). keywords: care; clinical; committees; countries; development; ethics; ethics committees; health; hecs; hospital; issues; medical; patients; review; study cache: jmehm-194.pdf plain text: jmehm-194.txt item: #89 of 254 id: jmehm-201 author: Barkhordari-Sharifabad, Maasoumeh; Ashktorab, Tahereh; Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan title: Obstacles and problems of ethical leadership from the perspective of nursing leaders: a qualitative content analysis date: 2017-02-21 words: 7880 flesch: 51 summary: In nursing leadership, these types of problems are sophisticated and pervasive due to their far-reaching implications and varied solutions on the one hand, and uncertain events and personal impressions on the other. Some participants stated that doubt in the ethical act is a challenge in nursing leadership. keywords: care; culture; ethical; ethics; health; lack; leadership; management; med; nurses; nursing; participant; problems; research; staff; study cache: jmehm-201.pdf plain text: jmehm-201.txt item: #90 of 254 id: jmehm-214 author: Akrami, Forouzan; Abbasi, Mahmoud; Karimi, Abbas; Shahrivari, Akbar; Majdzadeh, Reza; Zali, Alireza title: Analyzing the politico-moral foundations of the Iran’s health system based on theories of justice date: 2017-04-10 words: 7282 flesch: 52 summary: Abstract Public health ethics is a field that covers both factual and ethical issues in health policy and science, and has positive obligations to improve the well-being of populations and reduce social inequalities. According to recent theories of justice, however, health policies must address well-being and its basic dimensions such as health, reasoning, autonomy, and the role of the involved agencies and social institutions in order to achieve social justice beyond distributive justice. keywords: care; ethics; health; health care; justice; med; medical; people; policies; policy; public; social; system; theories; theory cache: jmehm-214.pdf plain text: jmehm-214.txt item: #91 of 254 id: jmehm-220 author: Borhani, Fariba; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Hoseinabadi-Farahani, Mohammad Javad title: Moral sensitivity and its dimensions in Iranian nursing students date: 2016-12-26 words: 3737 flesch: 48 summary: These concepts are currently taught in nursing schools, yet the degree of moral sensitivity in nursing students before entering clinical settings is a topic of controversy. It is therefore recommended that the necessary training be provided to develop moral sensitivity in nursing students both in educational and practical environments. keywords: care; ethical; ethics; med; medical; moral; nursing; sensitivity; students; study cache: jmehm-220.pdf plain text: jmehm-220.txt item: #92 of 254 id: jmehm-226 author: Bijani, Mostafa; Ghodsbin, Fariba; Javanmardi fard, Sorur; Shirazi, Fatemeh; Sharif, Farkhonde; Tehranineshat, Banafsheh title: An evaluation of adherence to ethical codes among nurses and nursing students date: 2017-07-05 words: 5421 flesch: 52 summary: Hence, it is necessary that researchers investigate the effective factors on adherence to nursing professional codes of ethics through qualitative research. Enactment of nursing codes of ethics requires coordination and cooperation of all nursing officials and custodians toward removing the obstacles that hinder their application as a practical charter in hospitals. keywords: adherence; codes; ethical; ethics; medical; nurses; nursing; patients; students; study cache: jmehm-226.pdf plain text: jmehm-226.txt item: #93 of 254 id: jmehm-227 author: Aramesh, Kiarash title: History of attitudes toward death: a comparative study between Persian and Western cultures date: 2016-12-25 words: 3658 flesch: 50 summary: Keywords: History of medicine, Death, Western culture, Persian culture, End of life mailto:kiarasharamesh@yahoo.com J Med Ethics Hist Med 9: 20 December, 2016 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Kiarash Aramesh Page 2 of 6 Introduction As an inseparable and inevitable part of human life, death has always been a source of reflection, imagination, and inspiration for thinkers, sages, artists, and even for ordinary people. Historical Periods Philippe Aries, the French author and thinker, in his seminal book titled Western Attitudes toward Death: From the Middle Ages to the Present has discussed the historical periods of Western attitudes toward death. keywords: aries; attitudes; death; history; period; persian; western cache: jmehm-227.pdf plain text: jmehm-227.txt item: #94 of 254 id: jmehm-233 author: Aramesh, Kiarash title: Compassion as the reunion of feminine and masculine virtues in medicine date: 2017-10-07 words: 3417 flesch: 48 summary: Traditionally, according to the Aristotelian understanding of virtues and virtue ethics, human virtues have been associated with masculinity. Traditionally, according to the Aristotelian understanding of virtues and virtue ethics, human virtues have been associated with masculinity (5). keywords: compassion; ethics; healthcare; medicine; patient; virtue cache: jmehm-233.pdf plain text: jmehm-233.txt item: #95 of 254 id: jmehm-243 author: Saeedi Tehrani, Saeedeh; Parsapoor, Alireza; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Kadivar, Maliheh; Larijani, Bagher title: Physicians’ attitude toward their ethical responsibility regarding air pollution: a qualitative research date: 2017-09-02 words: 6814 flesch: 44 summary: General questions Concepts of Questions The relationship between health and environment Physicians’ role in air pollution and the related side effects, and the obstacles to the realization of their role in air pollution reduction The role of policymakers and administrators in reducing air pollution To analyze the data, the present research used “the Corbin & Strauss constant comparative method” consisting of three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding (32, 33). There is a close relationship between medicine and environment, and as a consequence, there are ethical considerations surrounding the problem of air pollution. keywords: air; air pollution; effects; environment; ethics; health; healthcare; medical; physicians; pollution; public; research; role; system; tehran cache: jmehm-243.pdf plain text: jmehm-243.txt item: #96 of 254 id: jmehm-248 author: amininasab, Seyedeh Somayeh; Azimi lolaty, Hamideh; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Shafipour, Vida title: The relationship between human dignity and medication adherence in patients with heart failure date: 2017-06-18 words: 5037 flesch: 56 summary: The mean score of medication adherence was 5.82 suggesting low medication adherence among the patients, and the mean score of human dignity was 81.39. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article The relationship between human dignity and medication adherence in patients with heart failure Seyedeh Somayeh Amininasab1, Hamideh Azimi Lolaty2, Mahmood Moosazadeh3, Vida Shafipour4* keywords: adherence; dignity; failure; heart; human; medication; medication adherence; patients; relationship; study; support; treatment cache: jmehm-248.pdf plain text: jmehm-248.txt item: #97 of 254 id: jmehm-259 author: Kalateh Sadati, Ahmad; Lankarani, Kamran Bagheri title: The pattern of educator voice in clinical counseling in an educational hospital in Shiraz, Iran: a conversation analysis date: 2017-10-18 words: 5533 flesch: 55 summary: Physicians employ this voice to educate patients and their caregivers by providing them with information in order to change the patients’ behavior and improve their health status. However, the pattern of educator voice comprised characteristics such as superficiality, marginalization of patients, one-dimensional approach, ignoring a healthy lifestyle, and robotic nature. keywords: consultation; data; doctor; education; health; med; patient; physician; research; study; voice cache: jmehm-259.pdf plain text: jmehm-259.txt item: #98 of 254 id: jmehm-271 author: Abbasi, Mahmoud; Fadavi, Mohsen; Bazmi, Shabnam title: The underlying factors affecting the ethical performance of health service providers when faced with disasters: a qualitative study date: 2017-12-19 words: 6511 flesch: 44 summary: It is essential to develop guidelines in order to ensure the ethical performance of health service providers and to prevent and manage the adverse consequences. As the first step in guideline development, the present study investigated the underlying factors affecting the ethical performance of health service providers in disasters. keywords: disaster; ethical; ethics; factors; health; health service; participants; people; performance; providers; service; service providers cache: jmehm-271.pdf plain text: jmehm-271.txt item: #99 of 254 id: jmehm-274 author: Masoumpoor, Anahita; Borhani, Fariba; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Rassouli, Maryam title: Nursing students' perceptions of teachers' uncivil behaviors: a qualitative research date: 2017-11-05 words: 4830 flesch: 50 summary: Method The present study used directed qualitative content analysis and purposive sampling to investigate the perception of nursing students regarding teachers' uncivil behaviors. The results of the present study cannot be taken as fully reflecting the perceptions of the entire community of nursing students in Iran. keywords: behaviors; education; medical; nursing; participant; students; study; teachers; teaching; university cache: jmehm-274.pdf plain text: jmehm-274.txt item: #100 of 254 id: jmehm-280 author: Rahnama, Farideh; Mardani - Hamooleh, Marjan; Kouhnavard, Marjan title: Correlation between moral sensitivity and self-esteem in nursing personnel date: 2017-12-30 words: 5174 flesch: 30 summary: Therefore, with respect to the merits of developing high moral sensitivity in nurses, the concept of moral sensitivity in the nursing profession should be considered more closely, and nurses need to be trained up from medium to high level by professors of clinical ethics. Research findings in Iran indicated that enhanced moral sensitivity in nurses leads to job satisfaction (26), and the results of a research in Korea also showed that nurses who possessed higher moral sensitivity scored better on the application of the code of ethics (6). keywords: care; esteem; ethics; iran; med; nurses; nursing; research; self; sensitivity; study; variables cache: jmehm-280.pdf plain text: jmehm-280.txt item: #101 of 254 id: jmehm-289 author: Nouri, Narges; Nouri, Nayereh; Tirgar, Samane; Soleimani, Elham; Yazdani, Vida; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Larijani, Bagher title: Consanguineous marriages in the genetic counseling centers of Isfahan and the ethical issues of clinical consultations date: 2017-12-10 words: 7172 flesch: 47 summary: In recent years genetic counseling has come to be considered in health care services. Data obtained through genetic counseling offered during a 5-year period revealed that 74.3% had consanguineous relationships, 62.3% were first cousins, 1% were double cousins and 7.8% were second cousins. keywords: counseling; couples; cousins; diseases; ethical; ethics; family; information; iran; issues; marriage; medical; research; results; study; testing cache: jmehm-289.pdf plain text: jmehm-289.txt item: #102 of 254 id: jmehm-292 author: Andrade, Gabriel title: Is past life regression therapy ethical? date: 2017-12-02 words: 5685 flesch: 59 summary: Past life regression is based on the reincarnation hypothesis, but this hypothesis is not supported by evidence, and in fact, it faces some insurmountable conceptual problems. Keywords: Past life regressions, Psychiatry, Reincarnation, Medical ethics mailto:gabrielernesto2000@gmail.com J Med Ethics Hist Med 10: 11, December, 2017 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Gabriel Andrade Introduction Past life regression is a technique that attempts to use hypnosis in order to recover memories from previous lives. keywords: cases; child; children; evidence; life; lives; regression; reincarnation; stevenson cache: jmehm-292.pdf plain text: jmehm-292.txt item: #103 of 254 id: jmehm-295 author: Abazari, Parvaneh; Taleghani, Fariba; Hematti, Simin; Malekian, Azadeh; Mokarian, fariborz; Hakimian, Sayyed Mohammad Reza; Ehsani, Maryam title: Breaking bad news protocol for cancer disclosure: an Iranian version date: 2018-01-03 words: 5631 flesch: 55 summary: Abstract In Iran, as in many Asian and Middle Eastern countries, a significant proportion of cancer patients are never informed of their illness. This article introduces a localized protocol for disclosure of bad news to cancer patients in Iran. keywords: cancer; diagnosis; disclosure; family; members; news; patient; protocol; session; truth cache: jmehm-295.pdf plain text: jmehm-295.txt item: #104 of 254 id: jmehm-299 author: Kadivar, Maliheh; Manookian, Arpi; Asghari, Fariba; Niknafs, Nikoo; Okazi, Arash; Zarvani, Asal title: Ethical and legal aspects of patient’s safety: a clinical case report date: 2017-12-30 words: 3622 flesch: 52 summary: Since creating ethical patient safety is a multidimensional accomplishment, it should be considered that actively partnering with the patient’s family may be a high-yield approach to detecting and preventing medical errors (10). Abstract Since patient safety is multidimensional and grounded in ethical and legal imperatives, both ethical and legal challenges should be taken into account. keywords: care; case; ethics; health; iran; medical; patient; safety; sciences; tehran cache: jmehm-299.pdf plain text: jmehm-299.txt item: #105 of 254 id: jmehm-30 author: Salari, Pooneh; Azizi, Maryam title: The necessity of HIV testing in Iranian pregnant women and its ethical considerations date: 2009-01-13 words: 3622 flesch: 58 summary: Microsoft Word - 1 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine The necessity of HIV testing in Iranian pregnant women and its ethical considerations Pooneh Salari 1* , Maryam Azizi 2 1.Assisstant Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. There are different methods (for example mandatory versus voluntary) for HIV screening in pregnant women, but there are debates on conducting HIV testing by these methods. keywords: aids; ethics; health; hiv; human; med; testing; transmission; women cache: jmehm-30.pdf plain text: jmehm-30.txt item: #106 of 254 id: jmehm-308 author: Ghaderi, Ahmad; Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Javadi, Mohsen; Larijani, Bagher title: Explanatory definition of the concept of spiritual health: a qualitative study in Iran date: 2018-04-09 words: 4345 flesch: 44 summary: JMEHM-11-3.r3 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article Explanatory definition of the concept of spiritual health: a qualitative study in Iran Ahmad Ghaderi1, Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei2, Saharnaz Nedjat3, Mohsen Javadi4, Bagher Larijani5* 1PhD Candidate in Medical Ethics, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Scientists and researchers have examined spiritual health from different angles and proposed various definitions, but a comprehensive definition does not exist for the term as of now. keywords: connection; definition; god; health; nature; participants; spiritual; spirituality; study cache: jmehm-308.pdf plain text: jmehm-308.txt item: #107 of 254 id: jmehm-309 author: Moosapour, Hamideh; Mashayekhi, Jannat; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Soltani, Akbar; Larijani, Bagher title: General approaches to ethical reasoning in Islamic biomedical ethics discourse date: 2018-09-09 words: 6486 flesch: 45 summary: Keywords: Ethical reasoning, Islamic biomedical ethics, Islamic biomedical ethics principles, Ethical decision- making mailto:larijanib@tums.ac.ir J Med Ethics Hist Med 11: 11, September, 2018 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Hamideh Moosaopour et al. Islam 9 (309)-galley proof Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article General approaches to ethical reasoning in Islamic biomedical ethics discourse Hamideh Moosapour1, Jannat Mashayekhi2, Farzaneh Zahedi3, Akbar Soltani4, Bagher Larijani5* 1Ph. keywords: approach; ethical; ethics; fatwas; ibme; islamic; language; mbme; med; medical; principles; reasoning cache: jmehm-309.pdf plain text: jmehm-309.txt item: #108 of 254 id: jmehm-31 author: Dabbagh, Soroush title: Fetus as human being: where is the cut‐off point? date: 2009-03-17 words: 2589 flesch: 62 summary: In this paper, I am going to argue that the proponents’ argument with regard to the implausibility of categorizing fetus as human being is unjustified and wanting. In this paper, I am going to discuss about the first premise and show that the proponent’s argument with regard to the implausibility of categorizing fetus as human being is unjustified and wanting. keywords: abortion; fetus; human; proponents; regard cache: jmehm-31.pdf plain text: jmehm-31.txt item: #109 of 254 id: jmehm-32 author: Castelló, Ana; Francès, Francesc; Verdú, Fernando title: A role for judges in assisted dying date: 2009-05-30 words: 1994 flesch: 57 summary: A study carried out in France among a lay population found that the express request of the patient was the most important factor in either accepting or rejecting assisted suicide or euthanasia (1). Medically provoked death, whether euthanasia or assisted suicide, is a common issue for discussion in various forums, participants coming from widely differing fields of knowledge, among who are, of course, doctors. keywords: euthanasia; legal; med; suicide cache: jmehm-32.pdf plain text: jmehm-32.txt item: #110 of 254 id: jmehm-320 author: Kadivar, Maliheh; Mardani - Hamooleh, Marjan; Kouhnavard, Marjan title: Concept analysis of human dignity in patient care: Rodgers' evolutionary approach date: 2018-04-18 words: 7003 flesch: 58 summary: Individual attributes indicate that it is necessary to raise public awareness about this issue, especially among patients, because HD is the essence of patient care (15). Microsoft Word - Dignity 6 (320)- galley proof Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article Concept analysis of human dignity in patient care: Rodgers' evolutionary approach Maliheh Kadivar1, Marjan Mardani-Hamooleh2*, Marjan Kouhnavard3 1Professor, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: care; concept; dignity; ethics; human; med; patients; respect; study cache: jmehm-320.pdf plain text: jmehm-320.txt item: #111 of 254 id: jmehm-33 author: Aramesh, Kiarash title: The ownership of human body: an Islamic perspective date: 2009-05-30 words: 2365 flesch: 55 summary: Using human dead body for medical purposes is a common practice in medical schools and hospitals throughout the world. Nowadays, human dead bodies are being used in medical universities and hospitals thorough Iran, for the above mentioned purposes. keywords: body; ethics; islamic; medical; ownership cache: jmehm-33.pdf plain text: jmehm-33.txt item: #112 of 254 id: jmehm-336 author: Mohammadi, Mohammad; Larijani, Bagher; Emami Razavi, Seyed Hassan; Fotouhi, Akbar; Ghaderi, Ahmad; Madani, Sayed Javad; Shafiee, Mohammad Naser title: Do patients know that physicians should be confidential? A study on patients’ awareness of privacy and confidentiality date: 2018-02-13 words: 4911 flesch: 51 summary: Moreover, the findings of this study may help finding necessary modifications for better respecting of patient privacy. JMEHM-11-1 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article Do patients know that physicians should be confidential? keywords: awareness; confidentiality; ethics; hospital; information; medical; patients; privacy; rights; sciences; study; tehran cache: jmehm-336.pdf plain text: jmehm-336.txt item: #113 of 254 id: jmehm-339 author: Asayesh, Hamid; Mousavi, Mojtaba; Abdi, Mohammad; Parvaresh Masoud, Mohammad; jodaki, kurosh title: The relationship between futile care perception and moral distress among intensive care unit nurses date: 2018-03-07 words: 3715 flesch: 57 summary: Additionally, Mobley et al. believed increased moral distress among ICU nurses over time to be due to a lack of adaptation mechanisms for moral distress situations as well as frequent exposure to futile care situations (15). JMEHM-11-2 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article The relationship between futile care perception and moral distress among intensive care unit nurses Hamid Asayesh1, Mojtaba Mosavi2, Mohammad Abdi3, Mohammad Parvaresh Masoud4, Kurosh Jodaki5* 1Mentor, Spiritual Health Research Center, Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Paramedicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. keywords: care; distress; experience; icu; medical; nurses; nursing; perception; study cache: jmehm-339.pdf plain text: jmehm-339.txt item: #114 of 254 id: jmehm-34 author: Akhondzadeh, Shahin; Abbasi, Seyed Hesameddin title: The meeting of psychiatry and humanities: an overview date: 2009-05-30 words: 2361 flesch: 54 summary: Protection of persons with mental disorders from research risk: a response to the report of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Abstract Keywords: Psychiatry, Ethics in psychiatric research, Humanity. keywords: consent; ethics; psychiatric; research; study; subjects; treatment cache: jmehm-34.pdf plain text: jmehm-34.txt item: #115 of 254 id: jmehm-341 author: Ebrahimi, Alireza; Ebrahimi, Sedigheh title: Pediatric residents’ and attending physicians’ perspectives on the ethical challenges of end of life care in children date: 2018-12-30 words: 7007 flesch: 55 summary: Seventy-five percent of the participants reported involvement in pediatric palliative care, and 38% of the residents, fellows and attendings had had over 20 patients in need of palliative care. Abstract One issue that has received less attention in present health care protocols is pediatric palliative care (PPC), which is an approach to care starting with the diagnosis of life-threatening diseases in children. keywords: care; children; families; field; life; med; medical; palliative; patients; pediatric; ppc; unsure cache: jmehm-341.pdf plain text: jmehm-341.txt item: #116 of 254 id: jmehm-348 author: Heidari, Akram; Razaghi, Masoomeh; Asghari, Fariba title: Public preferences and attitudes towards the disclosure of medical errors: a survey in Iran date: 2018-08-04 words: 3886 flesch: 56 summary: Parent preferences for medical error disclosure: a qualitative study. Medical error disclosure among pediatricians: choosing carefully what we might say to parents. keywords: action; disclosure; error; likelihood; medical; participants; patients; physician; study cache: jmehm-348.pdf plain text: jmehm-348.txt item: #117 of 254 id: jmehm-35 author: Zahedi, Farzaneh; Larijani, Bagher title: Common principles and multiculturalism date: 2009-05-31 words: 4086 flesch: 53 summary: However, this is a reality that there are different cultures with different traditions around the world. The methods of coping with difficulties and stress in different cultures All of above-mentioned elements would influence on the care provider's decision about truth telling. keywords: communication; culture; ethics; family; med; patient; principles; staff cache: jmehm-35.pdf plain text: jmehm-35.txt item: #118 of 254 id: jmehm-355 author: Nikfarid, Lida; Hekmat, Nasrollah; Vedad, Arash; Rajabi, Anahita title: The main nursing metaparadigm concepts in human caring theory and Persian mysticism: a comparative study date: 2018-05-22 words: 5332 flesch: 53 summary: The Human Caring Theory is significant because of its focus on the spiritual dimension of human beings. First, a concept analysis was performed to find the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concepts of human being, environment and health in the two fields of Persian mysticism and Jean Watson’s Human Caring Theory. keywords: attributes; caring; concepts; human; mysticism; nursing; persian; person; theory; watson cache: jmehm-355.pdf plain text: jmehm-355.txt item: #119 of 254 id: jmehm-36 author: Asghari, Fariba; Samadi, Aniseh; Dormohammadi, Taraneh title: Effectiveness of the course of medical ethics for undergraduate medical students date: 2009-05-31 words: 3523 flesch: 62 summary: The revisions made in the course of medical ethics for medical students were effective in improving students' knowledge but could not improve their moral judgment. On the other hand, medical students have a higher basic level of moral judgment in comparison with average people (25). keywords: course; end; ethics; group; judgment; medical; students cache: jmehm-36.pdf plain text: jmehm-36.txt item: #120 of 254 id: jmehm-365 author: Basu, Saurav; Garg, Suneela title: Antibiotic prescribing behavior among physicians: ethical challenges in resource-poor settings date: 2018-05-12 words: 1582 flesch: 35 summary: Nevertheless, this mode of antibiotic prescription may be an example of what is socially just but ethically unacceptable since the health of future generations can be compromised through potentially increased antibiotic resistance resulting from empirical therapy. The result will be a compromise of beneficence for the patient and long- term promotion of antibiotic resistance in the environment and community. keywords: antibiotics; ethics; patients; physicians; prescribing cache: jmehm-365.pdf plain text: jmehm-365.txt item: #121 of 254 id: jmehm-37 author: Naqvi, Rubina title: Teaching bioethics to medical technology students in Pakistan date: 2009-05-31 words: 2024 flesch: 50 summary: Microsoft Word - 8 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Teaching bioethics to medical technology students in Pakistan Rubina Naqvi Associate Professor, Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan. SIUT is largest public hospital doing live related donor Incorporating ethics education in curriculum of medical technology students and highlighting the importance of teaching the subject to this particular population in this part of world are our aims. keywords: bioethics; curriculum; ethics; medical; technology; university cache: jmehm-37.pdf plain text: jmehm-37.txt item: #122 of 254 id: jmehm-370 author: Khodamoradi, Abdolvahed; Rashidian, Arash; Daryabeygi‐Khotbehsara, Reza; Aghlmand, Siamak title: Evaluation of informal payments to health care professionals and the influential factors in Urmia city hospitals, Iran date: 2018-07-11 words: 6187 flesch: 56 summary: Ozgen H, Şahin B, Belli P, Tatar M, Berman P. Predictors of informal health payments: the example from Turkey. Khodamoradi A, Ghaffari MP, Daryabeygi‐Khotbehsara R, Sajadi HS, Majdzadeh R. A systematic review of empirical studies on methodology and burden of informal patient payments in health systems. keywords: care; cash; health; hospitals; iran; med; medical; patients; payments; physicians; public; staff; study; teaching cache: jmehm-370.pdf plain text: jmehm-370.txt item: #123 of 254 id: jmehm-38 author: Jafarian, Ali; Parsapour, Alireza; Haj-Tarkhani, Amirhasan; Asghari, Fariba; Emami Razavi, Seyyed Hassan; Yalda, Alireza title: A survey of the complaints entering the medical council organization of Tehran in three time periods: the years ending on 20 March 1992, 20 March 1997 and 20 March 2002 date: 2009-06-02 words: 3708 flesch: 52 summary: The amount of the complaints in the years ending on 20 March 1997 and 20 March 2002 was 2.5 times more than that of the year ending on 20 Mar 1992, which, taking into account the increased rate of the number of complaints being much more than the increased population; and so it is indicative of the extension of the culture of lodging complaint against doctors. The most common causes of complaints from the viewpoint of complainers were therapeutic errors (38%), neglect (30.2%), financial affairs (25.4%) and the physicians’ lack of skill (17.7%). keywords: complaints; doctors; files; march; medical; patients; tehran cache: jmehm-38.pdf plain text: jmehm-38.txt item: #124 of 254 id: jmehm-384 author: Azmand, Sajjad; Ebrahimi, Sedigheh; Iman, Mohammadtaghi; Asemani, Omid title: Learning professionalism through hidden curriculum: Iranian medical students’ perspective date: 2018-09-09 words: 7340 flesch: 47 summary: Based on the study objective, the clinical phases of medical education (years 5 through 7) were important for selection of the study informants, so participants were chosen from medical students in these clinical training stages. According to the interviews, three main parameters that are encouraging for medical students are: showing respect for and appreciation of trainees’ professional attempts, patients’ trust in and compliance with students’ medical orders and expressing satisfaction with the trainees, especially in words. keywords: behavior; components; curriculum; education; elements; ethics; medical; participant; patients; professionalism; role; students; study; trainees; workload cache: jmehm-384.pdf plain text: jmehm-384.txt item: #125 of 254 id: jmehm-39 author: Laal, Marjan title: A brief history of enviroethics and its challenges date: 2009-06-09 words: 2849 flesch: 55 summary: Environmental changes and extreme weather events in plus to species distinction and a growth of diseases are impossible to hide and ought to be impossible to ignore. UNICEF notes that environmental changes will reduce access to clean water and food supplies, particularly in Africa and Asia. keywords: environmental; ethics; human; med; nature; oxford; press; value cache: jmehm-39.pdf plain text: jmehm-39.txt item: #126 of 254 id: jmehm-40 author: Ardekani, Ali M title: Genetic technologies and ethics date: 2009-07-13 words: 2545 flesch: 48 summary: Human genetic trait selection is generally supported because it allows a couple at risk of passing on a serious genetically-based illness to their child a chance to avoid it. Human genetic modification: Genetic modifi- cation in humans can potentially take place at therapeutic and enhancement levels. keywords: cloning; countries; research; selection; technologies; world cache: jmehm-40.pdf plain text: jmehm-40.txt item: #127 of 254 id: jmehm-405 author: Bayat, Mina; Shahriyari, Mohsen; Keshvari, Mahrokh title: The relationship between moral distress in nurses and ethical climate in selected hospitals of the Iranian social security organization date: 2019-08-04 words: 7596 flesch: 55 summary: Keywords: Moral distress; Nurses; Ethical climate; Hospital The relationship between moral distress in nurses and ethical climate … 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 8 August 2019 Introduction Generally, providers of health-related services encounter various moral issues and problems on a regular basis (1). Fernandez-Parsons et al. reported low moral distress among emergency nurses (25), while de Veer et al. found that nurses experience high levels of moral distress (5). keywords: care; climate; distress; frequency; nurses; nursing; score; severity; study cache: jmehm-405.pdf plain text: jmehm-405.txt item: #128 of 254 id: jmehm-406 author: Naghavi Alhosseini, Solmaz Sadat; Pourabbasi, Ata title: “Earthquake in the City”; using real life gamification model for teaching professional commitment in high school students date: 2018-09-24 words: 4857 flesch: 55 summary: Some service providers were individuals with high professional commitment, and others with low professional commitment. JMEHM-11-12 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Original Article “Earthquake in the City”; using real life gamification model for teaching professional commitment in high school students Solmaz Sadat Naghavi Alhosseini1, Ata Pourabbasi2* 1Reseacher, Department of Idea Development and Innovation Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2Assistant Professor, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: city; commitment; earthquake; ethics; game; gamification; group; learning; med; scenario; students cache: jmehm-406.pdf plain text: jmehm-406.txt item: #129 of 254 id: jmehm-41 author: Ghasemi, Mehdi; Dehpour, Ahmad Reza title: Ethical considerations in animal studies date: 2009-07-30 words: 1795 flesch: 43 summary: Animal research has had a pivotal contribution to a large number of scientific advances of the past century and continues to aid our understanding of various diseases (3-5). Therefore, adequate training is an important aspect of the refinement of animal research, and should conti- nually be reviewed and improved (4). keywords: animals; ethics; med; research; scientific cache: jmehm-41.pdf plain text: jmehm-41.txt item: #130 of 254 id: jmehm-415 author: Nikbakht Nasrabadi, Alireza; Khoobi, Mitra; Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Joolaei, Soodabeh; Hedayat, Majid Ahmadi title: The lived experiences of clinical nurse managers regarding moral distress date: 2018-09-26 words: 6650 flesch: 54 summary: The findings of the study indicated that in order to understand the phenomenon of moral distress among nurse managers, it is essential to investigate the moral distress experienced by them. It seems essential, however, to conduct studies on nurse managers’ moral distress due to the sensitivity of their job and constant involvement with unplanned or even routine decisions (23). keywords: care; distress; ethics; experiences; identity; managers; med; medical; moral; nurse; nurse managers; nursing; participants; study cache: jmehm-415.pdf plain text: jmehm-415.txt item: #131 of 254 id: jmehm-42 author: Farsam, Hassan title: Brief history of pharmacy ethics in Iran date: 2009-07-30 words: 2945 flesch: 62 summary: Microsoft Word - 13 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Brief history of pharmacy ethics in Iran Hassan Farsam Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The aim of this study is a brief excursion on the history of pharmacy ethics in Iran. keywords: book; ethics; history; iran; medical; medicine; persian; pharmacy; tehran; university cache: jmehm-42.pdf plain text: jmehm-42.txt item: #132 of 254 id: jmehm-420 author: Andrade, Gabriel title: Medical ethics and the trolley problem date: 2019-03-17 words: 7841 flesch: 68 summary: Keywords: Trolley problem; Medical ethics; Non-maleficence; Abortion; Euthanasia Medical ethics and the trolley problem 2 Volume 12 Number 3 March 2019 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Introduction The Primacy of Non-Maleficence in Medical Ethics With some oversimplification, it could be argued that medical ethics is about balancing the four main principles long recognized as central in medical practice throughout the ages: autonomy, beneficence, non- maleficence, and justice (1). Yet, these scenarios are not totally unrealistic, because some structural similarities do remain when we compare them to particular cases of medical ethics as discussed above. keywords: case; die; ethics; killing; medical; person; trolley cache: jmehm-420.pdf plain text: jmehm-420.txt item: #133 of 254 id: jmehm-423 author: Alipour, Fateme; Asghari, Fariba; Amini, Homayoun title: Training professionalism trainers date: 2018-09-09 words: 615 flesch: 40 summary: With regard to the skills and capabilities of the medical practice, such as professional commitment and communication skills, impact of lessons provided by clinical trainers -familiar with real challenges-, is higher. This innovation was designed to train enough professionalism trainers of clinical staff. keywords: medical; tehran cache: jmehm-423.pdf plain text: jmehm-423.txt item: #134 of 254 id: jmehm-424 author: Ghasemzadeh, Nazafarin; Asghari, Fariba; Shirazi, Mandana; Faramarzi Razini, Fatemeh; Larijani, Bagher title: Islamic jurisprudential and ethical considerations of practicing medical procedures on nearly dead patients; Part I- the theoretical section date: 2018-12-16 words: 9000 flesch: 63 summary: Keywords: Medical training, Dying patient, Death agony, Islamic jurisprudential rules mailto:larijanib@tums.ac.ir J Med Ethics Hist Med 11: 14, December, 2018 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Nazafarin Ghasemzadeh et al. Introduction In addition to providing health services to people, medical science universities have an important role in training skilled human resources and specialists required in different sectors of the society. In terms of clinical training, dying patients have long been the focus of educational programs, and have therefore received careful considerations. keywords: arabic; death; dignity; dying; ethics; human; islamic; medical; necessity; patients; persian; procedures; rights; rule; tehran; training; verse cache: jmehm-424.pdf plain text: jmehm-424.txt item: #135 of 254 id: jmehm-425 author: Koohestani, Hamid Reza; Baghcheghi, Nayereh; Karimy, Mahmood; Hemmat, Morteza; Shamsizadeh, Morteza title: Lived experiences of nursing students about ethical concerns of using mobile learning in educational and clinical contexts date: 2019-04-29 words: 6303 flesch: 52 summary: Keywords: Mobile learning; Smartphone learning; Ethical concerns; Nursing student; Education; Clinical setting Lived experiences of nursing students about ethical concerns … 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 5 April 2019 Introduction Mobile devises have emerged as new learning tools with a notable potential both in classrooms and outdoor learning environments (1). Original Article Volume 12 Number 5 April 2019 Lived experiences of nursing students about ethical concerns regarding mobile learning in educational and clinical contexts *Corresponding Author Nayereh Baghcheghi Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. keywords: concerns; education; ethical; learning; medical; mobile; nursing; participant; students; study; use cache: jmehm-425.pdf plain text: jmehm-425.txt item: #136 of 254 id: jmehm-43 author: Jalalian Hosseini, Mehrdad; Bazargani, Reyhaneh; Latiff, Latiffah; Hanachi, Parichehr; Syed Hassan, Tajuddin; Othman, Mohamed title: Medical researchers in non-English countries and concerns about unintentional plagiarism date: 2009-08-19 words: 1164 flesch: 49 summary: Using an ethical decision-making model to determine consequences for student plagiarism. Serving the young authors with an online discus- sion forum moderated by a native English expert in academic writing may improve the quality of English-written works and strengthening the skills of avoiding plagiarisms. keywords: blood; center; malaysia; plagiarism cache: jmehm-43.pdf plain text: jmehm-43.txt item: #137 of 254 id: jmehm-44 author: Wajahat, Yasmin title: Biomedical ethics teachings to postgraduate doctors date: 2009-08-19 words: 1412 flesch: 50 summary: Moreo- ver trainees, who continue to work in the hospital, after clearing their MCPS exam having a previous exposure to bioethics teachings, serve as an additional hand to guide the junior trainees in dealing with ethical issues. In Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the first formal move in introducing bioethics teachings in the medical students’ curriculum was made at Aga Khan University, Karachi in 1984. keywords: bioethics; ethics; pakistan; teaching; trainees cache: jmehm-44.pdf plain text: jmehm-44.txt item: #138 of 254 id: jmehm-442 author: Mardani, Amirhossein; Nakhoda, Maryam; Noruzi, Alireza; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan title: Ethical considerations in the biomedical research: analysis of national biomedical research ethics guidelines in Iran date: 2019-04-16 words: 8846 flesch: 21 summary: Keywords: Research ethics; Research process; Ethical considerations; Research ethics guideline Ethical consideration in the biomedical research … 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 4 April 2019 Introduction Ethical codes stipulated in research ethics standards include responsibilities and considerations that are set to prevent violation of research integrity during the research process. Notwithstanding, this matter has been neglected in research ethical codes. keywords: codes; committee; considerations; d ic; e d; ethical; guidelines; m e; research; research ethics; research process cache: jmehm-442.pdf plain text: jmehm-442.txt item: #139 of 254 id: jmehm-45 author: Changizi Ashtiyani, Saeed; Zarei, Ali; Elahipour, Mohammad title: Innovations and discoveries of Jorjani in medicine date: 2009-08-20 words: 2625 flesch: 59 summary: Zakhireye Kharazmshahi is one of the most complete, significant and comprehensive Persian medical texts that truly must be recognized as an Theologian Seyed Esmaeel Jorjani (1041‐1136), titled Zeinoddin and known as Jorjani, is one of the most famous Iranian physicians. Microsoft Word - 16 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Innovations and discoveries of Jorjani in medicine Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani 1* , Ali Zarei2, Mohammad Elahipour 3 1.Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. keywords: cancer; jorjani; medical; medicine; page; surgery; treatment; zakhire cache: jmehm-45.pdf plain text: jmehm-45.txt item: #140 of 254 id: jmehm-455 author: Saghafi, Afsaneh; Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh; Poormollamirza, Afsaneh; Dadgari, Ali; Navab, Elham title: Examining the ethical challenges in managing elder abuse: a systematic review date: 2019-06-15 words: 8506 flesch: 54 summary: Keywords: Elder abuse; Elder maltreatment; Ethics Examining the ethical challenges in managing elder abuse … 2 Volume 12 Number 7 June 2019 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Introduction Abuse is among the most common challenging issues in both developed and developing countries around the world (1, 2). Review Article Volume 12 Number 7 June 2019 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Examining the ethical challenges in managing elder abuse: a systematic review *Corresponding Author Elham Navab School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tohid Sq., Nosrat St, Tehran, Iran. keywords: abuse; care; cases; challenges; e d; elder; ethical; laws; people; principles; reporting; study cache: jmehm-455.pdf plain text: jmehm-455.txt item: #141 of 254 id: jmehm-46 author: Saeed, Nausheen title: An innovative method of self-education through a bioethics group: the Ziauddin experience, Karachi, Pakistan date: 2009-09-14 words: 1510 flesch: 52 summary: However, the young doctors who begin their career in university hospitals were not exposed to bioethics education; they feel the need of a formal training because they encounter problems in facing ethical dilemmas emerging from their clinical practice (3). The need for starting bioethics education was raised because of a particular case of a woman J Med Ethics Hist Med 2009, 2:17 Nausheen Saeed Page 2 of 3 (page number not for citation purposes) having Down’s pregnancy. keywords: bioethics; education; group; medical; pakistan cache: jmehm-46.pdf plain text: jmehm-46.txt item: #142 of 254 id: jmehm-463 author: Asghari, Abolfazl; Pourfathollah, Aliakbar; Abbasi, Mahmoud; Mohammadi, Tooran; Akrami, Forouzan title: Adoption of Iran’s code of ethics for blood donation and transfusion as a public health policy date: 2019-01-21 words: 7352 flesch: 52 summary: Introduction The code of ethics for blood transfusion and donation puts forward a set of moral norms to protect the rights of blood donors and patients. Keywords: Ethics/morals; Blood transfusion; Donation; Public health Adoption of Iran’s code of ethics for blood donation and transfusion as a public health policy Adoption of Iran's code of ethics for blood donation … 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 1 January 2019 Introduction Due to the functional necessity of establishing social relations based on common ethical values, most professions have implicitly accepted to observe a series of ethical guidelines as the code of professional ethics, which is recognized by members of that profession. keywords: blood; blood donation; blood transfusion; centers; code; donation; donors; ethics; health; medical; public cache: jmehm-463.pdf plain text: jmehm-463.txt item: #143 of 254 id: jmehm-464 author: Mohammadi, Mohammad; Larijani, Bagher; Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Yunesian, Masud; Nayeri, Fatemeh Sadat title: A study of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire entitled “physicians' approach to and disclosure of medical errors and the related ethical issues” date: 2019-03-06 words: 6693 flesch: 55 summary: The development of categories and subcategories after interview analysis Category 1: The nature and theoretical foundations of medical error Subcategories Definition and types of medical errors Consequences of medical errors Ethical/philosophical foundations Legal issues Category 2: Medical error management Subcategories Medical error disclosure Obstacles to medical error disclosure Apology Compensation for medical errors Responsibility Systematic approach Category 3: Colleagues’ medical error management Subcategories Informing colleagues Colleagues’ medical error disclosure to patients Dealing with colleagues’ errors Category 4: Documentation of medical errors Subcategories Medical error recording (on patient medical records) The aim of this study was to design a valid and reliable questionnaire to investigate the status of medical error disclosure by physicians. keywords: disclosure; error; error disclosure; items; medical; patient; physicians; questionnaire; study; tehran; validity cache: jmehm-464.pdf plain text: jmehm-464.txt item: #144 of 254 id: jmehm-47 author: Azariah, Jayapaul title: Bioethics science: is it? date: 2009-10-06 words: 5129 flesch: 59 summary: There was a paradigm shift during industrial revolution in western world which culminated in modern science. Prior to IR, European science was not modern science. keywords: bioethics; knowledge; med; new; page; revolution; science; scientist; sep; system; time; value; word cache: jmehm-47.pdf plain text: jmehm-47.txt item: #145 of 254 id: jmehm-475 author: Nayeri, Fatemeh; Asghari, Fariba; Baser, Ali; Janani, Leila; Shariat, Mamak; Tanha, Kiarash; Ebrahim, Bita title: Factors influencing the attitudes of NICU physicians toward care of neonates with very poor prognosis date: 2019-06-11 words: 5106 flesch: 52 summary: In the Ghaffari et al. study, factors influencing practitioner decisions regarding discontinuation of resuscitation included the number of children in the infant's family, pressure on hospital employees, requests by the infant's parents, infant’s gender, insufficient hospital facilities or resources, history of infertility, financial status of the family, and religious beliefs (13). End of life decision in newborn an approach from the Netherlands. keywords: care; life; medical; physicians; study; treatment cache: jmehm-475.pdf plain text: jmehm-475.txt item: #146 of 254 id: jmehm-48 author: Tartari, Flamur; Buzo, Stiliano; Vyshka, Gentian title: A simple apparatus for measuring the blood urea, manufactured by Dr. Luigj Benusi in 1943 in Albania date: 2009-11-22 words: 1918 flesch: 59 summary: Benusi apparatus uses the same procedure as applied with Kowarsky or Ambard apparatus and methodology, only the quantity of filter is decreased in 2 milliliter. The analyses were up to that moment, based upon the Kowarsky technique, but the simplicity of Benusi apparatus was striking, and the applicability in the everyday practice was decisive in the introduction of this simple invention. keywords: apparatus; benusi; blood; med; urea cache: jmehm-48.pdf plain text: jmehm-48.txt item: #147 of 254 id: jmehm-488 author: Sadeghi Avval Shahr, Homa; Yazdani, Shahram; Afshar, Leila title: Professional socialization: an analytical definition date: 2019-12-07 words: 6186 flesch: 43 summary: Professional socialization: an analytical definition *Corresponding Author Leila Afshar No. 115, School of Traditional Medicine, Shams Dead-End, opposite Tavanieer, Vali-e-Asr St. Tehran, Iran. Professional socialization: an analytical definition. keywords: concept; education; identity; medical; process; professional; role; socialization; students cache: jmehm-488.pdf plain text: jmehm-488.txt item: #148 of 254 id: jmehm-49 author: Tahir, Shaila; Ghafoor, Farkhanda; Nusarat, Shaheena; Khan, Amanullah title: Perception of consent among dental professionals date: 2009-11-24 words: 3456 flesch: 64 summary: Abstract Keywords: Informed consent, Dental ethics, Dental education. Introduction Advances in medical procedures, invasive- ness, cost and recognition of human rights (both patient’s and medical practitioners’) have realized the application of informed consent in almost all health care disciplines. keywords: consent; dental; house; informed; page; patient; year cache: jmehm-49.pdf plain text: jmehm-49.txt item: #149 of 254 id: jmehm-495 author: Mianehsaz, Elaheh; Tabatabaee, Seyed Mohammadreza; Sharif, Mohammad Reza; Gilasi, Hamid Reza; Shojaee, Hamid Reza; Nejad Tabrizi, Behzad title: Professionalism among medical residents in a young second-level university in Iran: a cross-sectional study date: 2020-02-23 words: 4036 flesch: 49 summary: The independent-sample t-test was conducted to compare professionalism scores based on participants’ characteristics, and it had two levels. Professionalism among medical residents in a young second-level university in Iran: a cross-sectional study *Corresponding Author Elaheh Mianehsaz. keywords: iran; kashan; medical; professionalism; residents; score; specialties; study; university cache: jmehm-495.pdf plain text: jmehm-495.txt item: #150 of 254 id: jmehm-499 author: Ghasemzadeh, Nazafarin; Asghari, Fariba; Shirazi, Mandana; Faramarzi Razini, Fatemeh; Larijani, Bagher title: Islamic jurisprudential and ethical considerations of practicing medical procedures on nearly dead patients: Part II (Shiite jurisprudents’ viewpoints) date: 2018-12-25 words: 6187 flesch: 59 summary: For this purpose, istiftas (petitions or requests for a fatwa) were sent to prominent contemporary Shiite jurisprudents to solicit their opinions on the use of dying patients for medical education. Finally, the results of both sections were summarized and a theory was presented with regard to medical training activities on dying patients. keywords: ayatollah; body; consent; diyah; dying; medical; muslim; necessity; patient; training cache: jmehm-499.pdf plain text: jmehm-499.txt item: #151 of 254 id: jmehm-50 author: Dabbagh, Soroush; Aramesh, Kiarash title: The compatibility between Shiite and Kantian approach to passive voluntary euthanasia date: 2009-12-24 words: 2983 flesch: 54 summary: Abstract Keywords: Kantian ethics, Shiite ethics, Euthanasia. Then, the main themes of Kantian ethics are talked about and the similarities and differences between Shiite- Mu'tazilite approach and Kantian perspective, as far as PVE is concerned, are explored. keywords: ethical; ethics; euthanasia; kantian; pve; shiite cache: jmehm-50.pdf plain text: jmehm-50.txt item: #152 of 254 id: jmehm-508 author: Amirhajlou, Leila; Bidari, Ali; Alipour, Fateme; Yaseri, Mehdi; Vaziri, Samira; Rezaie, Mahdi; Tavakoli, Nader; Farsi, Davood; Yasinzadeh, Mohammad Reza; Mosaddegh, Reza; Hashemi, Akram title: Validity, reliability and acceptability of Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) for emergency medicine residency training date: 2019-10-15 words: 6548 flesch: 55 summary:           3. keywords: e d; medical; medicine; mex; professionalism; residents cache: jmehm-508.pdf plain text: jmehm-508.txt item: #153 of 254 id: jmehm-509 author: Samadi, Shahram; Shahvari, Zahra title: Professionalism workshops tailored for nurses date: 2019-10-21 words: 1115 flesch: 54 summary: This project was designed to empower a number of nurses to teach professional behavior issues to other nurses in university hospitals. The number of hospitals under the supervision of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and the number of nurses working there are very high, but there are not enough nursing faculty members to educate clinical nurses, and it is not their responsibility to train clinical nurses after all. keywords: nurses; professionalism cache: jmehm-509.pdf plain text: jmehm-509.txt item: #154 of 254 id: jmehm-51 author: Salari Sharif, Pooneh; Noroozi, Mahshad title: AIDS and drug rationing date: 2010-03-16 words: 4751 flesch: 54 summary: The aim of this paper is challenging ethical and practical issues of drug rationing in HIV positive patients and presenting the other ways which help us treating patients in the best way and at the proper time. In Iran, according to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education's report in January 2008, the number of people with advanced HIV infection and the number of people receiving ART was 8730 and 829 individuals, respectively, while the percentage of HIV positive patients, who received antiretroviral therapy, was only 9.5%. keywords: aids; antiretroviral; countries; drug; health; hiv; med; number; patients; rationing; therapy; treatment; world cache: jmehm-51.pdf plain text: jmehm-51.txt item: #155 of 254 id: jmehm-512 author: Alipour, Fatemeh; Shahvari, Zahra; Asghari, Fariba; Samadi, Shahram; Amini, Homayoun title: Personal factors affecting medical professionalism: a qualitative study in Iran date: 2020-05-06 words: 6264 flesch: 49 summary: The results showed that despite the facilitator roles of some personal factors, others act as barriers to professional behaviors. Keywords: Medical professionalism; Clinical setting; Qualitative research; Professional behavior; Personal factors Personal factors affecting medical professionalism: a qualitative study in Iran 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 13 Number 3 May 2020 Introduction Medical professionalism refers to attitudes, behaviors and relationships (1) that medical professionals should adhere to, in order to be trusted by the society. keywords: behavior; clinical; communication; factors; health; medical; participants; patients; professional; staff; study cache: jmehm-512.pdf plain text: jmehm-512.txt item: #156 of 254 id: jmehm-515 author: Aramesh, Kiarash title: Perspectives of Hinduism and Zoroastrianism on abortion: a comparative study between two pro-life ancient sisters date: 2019-08-05 words: 8909 flesch: 60 summary: Keywords: Zoroastrianism; Hinduism; Abortion; Religious bioethics; Pro-life Perspectives of Hinduism and Zoroastrianism on abortion: a comparative … 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 9 August 2019 Introduction In the history of human civilization, religions have always been major sources of values with huge impacts on the life decisions of their followers. In their bioethical deliberations, Hindu scholars appeal to Hindu concepts like Karma, Dharma (as described above), Ahimsa (non-violence) and respect for life and nature. keywords: abortion; bioethics; concept; d ic; e d; hinduism; human; life; m e; religions; zoroastrianism cache: jmehm-515.pdf plain text: jmehm-515.txt item: #157 of 254 id: jmehm-52 author: Zawawi, Majdah title: Donated materials in assisted reproductive technologies: an ethico- legal analysis of art legislations worldwide date: 2010-06-21 words: 7001 flesch: 58 summary: Introduction Decisions regarding matters affecting family life such as whether or not to have children, with whom to have them and when and how to have them are considered as personal matters. Countries enjoying ART legislations have tried to protect the right of infertile couples to reproduce while at the same time doing their best to protect the interests of children born as a result of ART procedures (1). keywords: act; art; child; countries; couples; family; law; legislations; med; new; sperm; use cache: jmehm-52.pdf plain text: jmehm-52.txt item: #158 of 254 id: jmehm-523 author: Joodaki, Kobra; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Vahid Dastjerdi, Marzieh; Larijani, Bagher title: Ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents in Iran: a qualitative study date: 2020-04-11 words: 13256 flesch: 53 summary: Although international organizations recognize sexual health education as a human right and a requirement for developing and propagating justice (52), there is a resistance to sex education in Iran, which was both pointed out by our participants and inferred from contemporary literature review on the subject and media. Azizzadeh Forouzi M, Mohammad Alizadeh S, Pouraboli B, Nazari T. Study of the attitude of school teachers in Kerman towards sexual education and their opinion regarding contents of adolescent sexual education. keywords: adolescents; age; challenges; d ic; e d; education; ethical; h ic; health; information; iran; m e; medical; participants; sex education; study; t o cache: jmehm-523.pdf plain text: jmehm-523.txt item: #159 of 254 id: jmehm-526 author: Bazrafkan, Leila; Hayat, Ali Asghar; Tabei, Seyed Ziaaddin; Amirsalari, Leila title: Clinical teachers as positive and negative role models: an explanatory sequential mixed method design date: 2019-09-04 words: 6581 flesch: 51 summary: In this regard, the results of Wright and Carrese’s study (2002) showed that 90% of the students identified a model or role model teacher during their studies at the school of medicine (2). In this regard, Wright discovered that more than 50 percent of the faculty members were not perceived as positive role models by the residents (17). keywords: characteristics; medical; modeling; models; professionalism; results; role; role models; skills; students; teachers; teaching cache: jmehm-526.pdf plain text: jmehm-526.txt item: #160 of 254 id: jmehm-53 author: Borhani, Fariba; Alhani, Fatemeh; Mohammadi, Easa; Abbaszadeh, Abbas title: Professional ethical competence in nursing: the role of nursing instructors date: 2010-07-08 words: 5624 flesch: 51 summary: Therefore, it is required that nursing instructors prepare nursing students for management of ethical context of their work environment (9). Woods et al. emphasized that, even though the model-centered role of instructors was important for creating ethical attitude of nursing students, but, alongside it, preparing students from the philosophical viewpoint and developing their knowledge in the arena of ethics was an important task of nursing instructors (29). keywords: care; ethics; instructors; knowledge; learning; med; model; nursing; role; students; study cache: jmehm-53.pdf plain text: jmehm-53.txt item: #161 of 254 id: jmehm-533 author: Yazdani, Shahram; Andarvazh, Mohammad Reza; Afshar, Leila title: What is hidden in hidden curriculum? a qualitative study in medicine date: 2020-05-10 words: 4471 flesch: 55 summary: The aim of the present study was to answer this question: What is hidden in hidden medical curriculum? What is hidden in hidden curriculum? keywords: curriculum; data; education; hidden; issues; medical; students; study cache: jmehm-533.pdf plain text: jmehm-533.txt item: #162 of 254 id: jmehm-54 author: Joolaee, S; Joolaei, A; Tschudin, V; Bahrani, N; Nikbakht Nasrabadi, A title: Caring relationship: the core component of patients' rights practice as experienced by patients and their companions date: 2010-10-09 words: 5059 flesch: 64 summary: A significant divergence of perceptions be- tween patients and nurses regarding the priority of caring aspects is reported in Basset’s findings in which the most highly valued aspect of care for nurses was creating a strong relationship with patients, whereas patients valued a high level of competency and skills in nurses (37). This article explores how Iranian patients and their companions perceive and describe caring relationships as an element of patients' rights practice. keywords: care; caring; ethics; joolaee; med; needs; nurses; nursing; patients; relationship; rights cache: jmehm-54.pdf plain text: jmehm-54.txt item: #163 of 254 id: jmehm-55 author: Asghari, Fariba; Larijani, Bagher title: Evaluation of moral competency using standardized patient: presenting an experience date: 2010-10-30 words: 2308 flesch: 52 summary: Nowadays increas- ing number of medical ethics OSCE stations are including in comprehensive exams in different educational phases in medical schools around the world (2, 9-11). Based on this experience, adding ethics station in board exams is practical and reasonable. keywords: ethical; ethics; evaluation; med; medical; osce cache: jmehm-55.pdf plain text: jmehm-55.txt item: #164 of 254 id: jmehm-552 author: Vyshka, Gentian title: The unlikely legalization of medical cannabis in Albania: a case study date: 2019-08-27 words: 2185 flesch: 56 summary: The unlikely legalization of medical cannabis in Albania: a case study *Corresponding Author Gentian Vyshka Rr. The unlikely legalization of medical cannabis in Albania: a case study. keywords: cannabis; case; medical cache: jmehm-552.pdf plain text: jmehm-552.txt item: #165 of 254 id: jmehm-56 author: Mahmoodishan, Gholamreza; Alhani, Fatemeh; Ahmadi, Fazlollah; Kazemnejad, Anoshirvan title: Iranian nurses' perception of spirituality and spiritual care: a qualitative content analysis study date: 2010-11-20 words: 6014 flesch: 60 summary: However, the spirituality and religion have been mixed by nurses life, so that, all of the nurses’ intentions and functions are to gain God approval and, consequently, patients satisfaction. Abstract Keywords: Evaluation, Content analysis, Nurses' spirituality, Spiritual care, Nurses' lifestyle. keywords: care; god; life; med; nurses; nursing; patients; spirituality; study; themes; work cache: jmehm-56.pdf plain text: jmehm-56.txt item: #166 of 254 id: jmehm-562 author: Kabene, Stefane; Baadel, Said title: Bioethics: a look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK date: 2019-11-12 words: 4590 flesch: 49 summary: Keywords: Animal testing; Bioethics; Cosmetics testing; Medical research Bioethics: a look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 15 November 2019 Introduction Throughout history, animals have been the subject of experimentation to improve our understanding of anatomy and pathology (1). J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 12 Number 15 November 2019 Review Article Bioethics: a look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK *Corresponding Author Stefane Kabene P.O.Box 117781, Dubai, UAE. keywords: animal; animal testing; cosmetics; medical; medicine; number; research; testing; use cache: jmehm-562.pdf plain text: jmehm-562.txt item: #167 of 254 id: jmehm-569 author: Dehghan, Mahlagha; Mehdipour, Roghayeh; Rayyani, Masoud; Zakeri, Mohammad Ali; Moasher, Mina; Iranmenesh, Maryam; Rezaee, Narges title: Comparison of the importance and observance of the patient's bill of rights from the perspectives of patients and personnel of hospitals in Kerman date: 2020-06-02 words: 6187 flesch: 63 summary: Patients may be free to accept the proposed treatment, but they are unlikely to be aware of this right, and the information needs to be provided for patients. Nekoei Moghaddam M, Amiresmaeili M, Ghorbaninia R, Sharifi T, Tabatabaie S. Awareness of Patients’ rights charter and respecting it from the perspective of patients and nurses: a study of limited surgical centers in Kerman city, 2013. keywords: bill; hospitals; importance; medical; observance; patients; personnel; rights; study cache: jmehm-569.pdf plain text: jmehm-569.txt item: #168 of 254 id: jmehm-57 author: Pourabbasi, Ata; Tavakkoli Bina, Meysam; Sanjari, Mahnaz title: The necessity of observing ethical liability in bioethics: Instruction of the principles of bioethics should be launched from school date: 2010-12-28 words: 1759 flesch: 53 summary: Based on a preliminary needs assessment and a designed curriculum for high school students of experimental sciences, the first trial phase of the plan was executed on third-year students of one high school in Tehran. Nowadays, high school textbooks are loaded with scientific and technical concepts; the very concepts the students need in order to succeed in entrance exams to medical schools. keywords: ethics; iran; medical; research; tehran cache: jmehm-57.pdf plain text: jmehm-57.txt item: #169 of 254 id: jmehm-58 author: Bayrami, Zahra; Abdollahi, Mohammad title: Observance of ethical codes in selecting supervisor by postgraduate students date: 2011-02-14 words: 2200 flesch: 51 summary: He has divided duties of the supervisor and student into three parts, including the relation- ship between supervisors and students, special duties of supervisors, and special duties of students. The most important items included: imposing thesis by a supervisor without informing the student, compulsory assignment of students to a specific supervisor, little time allocated for students by the supervising team who may be selected without students interests, prolongation of the research time, and non- cooperation in publishing the results. keywords: ethics; medical; research; students; supervisor; tehran cache: jmehm-58.pdf plain text: jmehm-58.txt item: #170 of 254 id: jmehm-59 author: Mohammad Nejad, Esmaeil; Begjani, Jamaloddin; Abotalebi, Ghasem; Salari, Amir; Ehsani, Seyyedeh Roghayeh title: Nurses awareness of patients rights in a teaching hospital date: 2011-02-26 words: 3655 flesch: 57 summary: Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Nurses awareness of patients rights in a teaching hospital Esmaeil Mohammad Nejad 1* , Jamaloddin Begjani 2 , Ghasem Abotalebi 3 , Amir Salari 4 , Seyyedeh Roghayeh Ehsani 5 1.Instructor, MSc in Nursing Training, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Aliabad Katoul, Iran. Abstract Keywords: Nurses, Patients rights, Teaching hospital. keywords: care; health; hospitals; iran; knowledge; level; medical; nurses; patients; rights cache: jmehm-59.pdf plain text: jmehm-59.txt item: #171 of 254 id: jmehm-60 author: Gupta, Pankaj title: Humanity in medicine date: 2011-02-27 words: 2478 flesch: 54 summary: Another approach was suggested in 2008, when Evans identified three “manifesta- tions” of medical humanities: as an academic field of intellectual inquiry, as a dimension of medical education, and as “…a source of moral and aesthetic influence upon the daily praxis of organized clinical health care” (3). Medical humanities provide anthropological, historical, and literary tools that allow us to use the underlying cultural context to identify the range of possible interpretations of a given situation. keywords: doctors; humanities; humanity; medical; medicine; patient cache: jmehm-60.pdf plain text: jmehm-60.txt item: #172 of 254 id: jmehm-603 author: Daryazadeh, Saeideh title: Application of narrative in medical ethics date: 2019-10-21 words: 1713 flesch: 56 summary: Narrative ethics is a component of effective ethics and deals with particular circumstances, supplying extreme consideration to the background that highlights the outcomes and concerns stated by a dilemma. Hence, it is necessary to pay attention to the principles of narrative ethics. keywords: education; ethics; medical; narrative cache: jmehm-603.pdf plain text: jmehm-603.txt item: #173 of 254 id: jmehm-61 author: Hasan, Tabinda title: Is dissection humane? date: 2011-04-06 words: 2321 flesch: 51 summary: This article elucidates the medical and ethical validity of continuing human body dissection in medicine which outweighs all the prejudices associated with it. They don’t lie in the same league as cadaver dissections where the first lesson learnt by medical undergraduates is that of reverence to the human body which is their temple of learning and applicable knowledge. keywords: anatomy; body; cadaver; dissection; human; learning; med cache: jmehm-61.pdf plain text: jmehm-61.txt item: #174 of 254 id: jmehm-62 author: Salari Sharif, Pooneh; Javadi, Mohammadreza; Asghari, Fariba title: Pharmacy ethics: evaluation pharmacists’ ethical attitude date: 2011-05-02 words: 3233 flesch: 53 summary: On a scale from 1-5 on which 5=strongly disagree, the total score of pharmacists ethical attitude was 17.69 ± 3.57. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pharmacy ethics: evaluation pharmacists’ ethical attitude Pooneh Salari Sharif 1* , Mohammadreza Javadi 2 , Fariba Asghari 3 1.Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: attitude; autonomy; ethics; med; participants; pharmacists; pharmacy; score cache: jmehm-62.pdf plain text: jmehm-62.txt item: #175 of 254 id: jmehm-624 author: Lichterman, Boleslav L. title: From Prussia to Russia: Russian critics of “Aerztliche Ethik” date: 2020-01-01 words: 7182 flesch: 61 summary: According to the official report of the medical department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the total number of medical doctors in Russia in 1881 was 14.488; out of this number, 2629 were private practitioners (18%). The objectives of this periodical were characterized by Manassein as follows: 1) To be a true mirror of everything that constitutes real progress in clinical medicine and hygiene; 2) To attract to a cooperative scientific work the maximum number of medical doctors from different regions of Russia; 3) To provide a constant critical, independent and impartial analysis of all aspects of education, daily life and practice of a medical doctor; Manassein was strongly opposed to private practice: “The complete trust and purity of the relationship necessary to a doctor for treatment and to a patient for recovery will be impossible unless the doctor’s labor is paid by the society or the state” (5). keywords: book; doctors; e d; ethics; ethik; medical; moll; number; physician; practice; public; russian; veresaev cache: jmehm-624.pdf plain text: jmehm-624.txt item: #176 of 254 id: jmehm-63 author: Javadi, Mohammadreza; Asghari, Fariba; Salari, Pooneh title: Assessment of professionalism in Iranian pharmacists date: 2011-06-26 words: 4070 flesch: 56 summary: Assessment of pharmacy student professionalism across a curriculum. Assessment of pharmacy student professionalism across a curriculum. keywords: accountability; care; ethics; participants; pharmacists; pharmacy; professionalism; score; total cache: jmehm-63.pdf plain text: jmehm-63.txt item: #177 of 254 id: jmehm-631 author: Bahrami, Mohsen; Shokri, Saeed; Mastery Farahani, Reza; Dadmehr, Majid title: A brief historical overview of the anatomy of fascia in medieval Persian medicine date: 2020-08-25 words: 2315 flesch: 52 summary: These techniques have been mostly recommended in sick and elderly people who experience gastric disorders and constipation due to the weakness of abdominal wall muscles, fasciae and ligaments, as it is believed that these A brief historical overview of the anatomy of fascia in medieval … 4 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 13 Number 7 August 2020 fasciae contribute to peristalsis with the help of abdominal muscles (2,3). In the Canon of Medicine, Avicenna has defined fascia as nerve-like, transparent, thin, rigid and woven wide fibers that surround body organs and cover their external surface (3). keywords: fascia; organs cache: jmehm-631.pdf plain text: jmehm-631.txt item: #178 of 254 id: jmehm-633 author: Andrade, Gabriel title: The ethics of positive thinking in healthcare date: 2019-12-21 words: 8417 flesch: 62 summary: The ethics of positive thinking in healthcare *Corresponding Author Gabriel Andrade Al Jurf Complex, Flat No. 504, Building No. 21, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. This article posits that positive thinking has some ethical underpinnings. keywords: cancer; d ic; e d; health; healthcare; m e; new; patients; people; thinking cache: jmehm-633.pdf plain text: jmehm-633.txt item: #179 of 254 id: jmehm-637 author: Madani, Mansure; Ghasemzadeh, Nazafarin; Dizani, Ali; Faramarz Gharamaleki, Ahad; Larijani, Bagher title: Policy considerations to achieve practical ethics: closing the gap between ethical theory and practice date: 2020-08-25 words: 5402 flesch: 52 summary: Creating an ethical atmosphere facilitates ethical behaviors and lowers the costs of ethical behavior while increasing the costs of unethical actions. Ethical behaviors driven by intrinsic motivations are more permanent and less costly. keywords: behavior; ethics; incentives; individual; laws; people cache: jmehm-637.pdf plain text: jmehm-637.txt item: #180 of 254 id: jmehm-64 author: Dargahi, Hossein title: The implementation of the sharia law in medical practice: a balance between medical ethics and patients rights date: 2011-07-27 words: 5257 flesch: 53 summary: This project is supposed to encompass all aspects of religious law J Med Ethics Hist Med 2011, 4:7 Hossein Dargahi Page 3 of 8 (page number not for citation purposes) regarding medical practice including the need for female patients to be visited and cared for, exclu- sively, by health care providers from the same sex (24, 25). The Cochran formula was used to calculate the number of female patients as the research cohort. keywords: care; ethics; health; hospitals; implementation; iran; medical; patients; physicians; study; tehran; women cache: jmehm-64.pdf plain text: jmehm-64.txt item: #181 of 254 id: jmehm-640 author: Mohammadi, Maryam; Mohammadi, Shabnam; Mehri, Ali; Bagheri Mazraeh, Fatemeh title: Investigation of moral intelligence’s predictive components in students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) date: 2020-09-20 words: 3426 flesch: 49 summary: Their results were indicative of statistically significant difference between the MI scores’ mean for medical students and nursing students, respectively. Medical students with high MI level can minimize potential risks through careful consideration of their Mohammadi M., et al. 3 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 13 Number 13 September 2020 actions’ consequences in the workplace. keywords: components; intelligence; medical; students; study; university cache: jmehm-640.pdf plain text: jmehm-640.txt item: #182 of 254 id: jmehm-641 author: Salehi, Alireza; Afsharipur, Hourieh; Molavi Vardanjani, Hossein; Vojoud, Mina; Bazrafkan, Leila; Sharifi, Mohammad Hossein title: Medical students' knowledge and attitudes toward history of medicine date: 2020-08-25 words: 4956 flesch: 62 summary: Keywords: Medical students; Medical education; History of medicine; Iran. Based on previous studies, the HCCII course has pros and cons ranging from agree to completely disagree among faculty members as well as medical students (13). keywords: attitude; course; hccii; history; knowledge; medical; medicine; students cache: jmehm-641.pdf plain text: jmehm-641.txt item: #183 of 254 id: jmehm-646 author: Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad title: The need for a practitioners' social media code of conduct in Iran date: 2019-12-01 words: 586 flesch: 50 summary: Holden A. Social media and professionalism: does the profession need to re‐think the parameters of professionalism within social media? With the growing use of the internet and social networks in Iran, many dentists use social media, mainly Instagram, as an advertisement tool. keywords: media; medical cache: jmehm-646.pdf plain text: jmehm-646.txt item: #184 of 254 id: jmehm-65 author: Asghari, Fariba; Mirzazadeh, Azim; Samadi, Aniseh; Nejati Safa, Aliakbar; Jafarian, Ali; Vasheghani Farahani, Ali; Emami Razavi, Seyed Hasan title: Reform in medical ethics curriculum: a step by step approach based on available resources date: 2011-08-14 words: 5762 flesch: 51 summary: Educational strategies Considering the available resources, it was decided that medical ethics course should be directed towards a problem-based and student- 1 during the clinical rotations and discuss them from an ethical point of view. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Reform in medical ethics curriculum: a step by step approach based on available resources Fariba Asghari 1 , Azim Mirzazadeh 2* , Aniseh Samadi 3 , Aliakbar Nejati Safa 4 , Ali Jafarian 5 , Ali Vasheghani Farahani 6 , Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi 7 1.Assistant Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: course; curriculum; education; ethics; evaluation; iran; medical; members; page; students; tehran; university cache: jmehm-65.pdf plain text: jmehm-65.txt item: #185 of 254 id: jmehm-66 author: Aghababaei, Naser; Farahani, Hojjatollah; Hatami, Javad title: Euthanasia attitude; a comparison of two scales date: 2011-10-12 words: 4356 flesch: 56 summary: This study raises the question of whether euthanasia attitude scales should contain definitions and concepts of euthanasia or they should describe cases of it. It is argued that if a social movement is to be successful in initiating The main purposes of the present study were to see how the term “euthanasia” influences people’s support for or opposition to euthanasia; and to see how euthanasia attitude relates to religious orientation and personality factors. keywords: attitude; euthanasia; item; med; orientation; page; personality; public; religiosity; scale; study cache: jmehm-66.pdf plain text: jmehm-66.txt item: #186 of 254 id: jmehm-67 author: Waness, Abdelkarim title: Ethical concerns in early 21st century organ transplantation date: 2011-11-06 words: 3690 flesch: 51 summary: As discussed in detail, the ultimate goal of performing ethical organ transplantation seems elusive without active participation and collaboration of religious leaders, politicians, health institutions, community leaders, national legislators, and international organizations. One could argue that thousands of such patients will fail to procure their needed transplantation organ even illegally. keywords: care; donation; ethics; health; medical; organ; page; patient; physicians; trade; transplantation cache: jmehm-67.pdf plain text: jmehm-67.txt item: #187 of 254 id: jmehm-676 author: Gutierrez-Castillo, Alejandro; Gutierrez-Castillo, Javier; Guadarrama-Conzuelo, Francisco; Jimenez-Ruiz, Amado; Ruiz-Sandoval, Jose Luis title: Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a systematic review of medical students’ attitudes in the last 10 years date: 2020-12-12 words: 6016 flesch: 53 summary: Keywords: Euthanasia; Medical students; Medical ethics; Physician-assisted Suicide; Religion. This study aimed at answering the following questions: What is the percentage of euthanasia or PAE approval among medical students? keywords: euthanasia; life; medical; pas; physician; students; suicide cache: jmehm-676.pdf plain text: jmehm-676.txt item: #188 of 254 id: jmehm-68 author: Zahedi, Farzaneh title: The challenge of truth telling across cultures: a case study date: 2011-12-27 words: 7255 flesch: 59 summary: As mentioned before, according to the major J Med Ethics Hist Med 2011, 4:11 Farzaneh Zahedi Page 4 | 11 (page number not for citation purposes) studies in the US regarding the disclosure of terminal illness to cancer patients, there was a dramatic change from 1960 to 1979, from not disclosing the truth, to full disclosure. It should be mentioned that ever-increasing knowledge and technological advancements have increased hope for all patients including cancer patients. keywords: autonomy; cancer; diagnosis; ethics; family; information; med; medical; patient; physician; telling; truth cache: jmehm-68.pdf plain text: jmehm-68.txt item: #189 of 254 id: jmehm-683 author: Soltani Gerdfaramarzi, Madjid; Bazmi, Shabnam title: Neonatal end-of-life decisions and ethical perspectives date: 2020-12-05 words: 4478 flesch: 53 summary: Neonatologists and neonatal nurses have positive attitudes towards perinatal end of life decisions, a nationwide survey. The EURONIC project: a European concerted action on information to parents and ethical decision making in neonatal intensive care. keywords: care; decisions; end; life; neonatal; parents cache: jmehm-683.pdf plain text: jmehm-683.txt item: #190 of 254 id: jmehm-684 author: Naeimi, Leila; Asghari, Fariba; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Mirzazadeh, Azim; Abbaszadeh, Mahsa; Sima, Ali Reza; Mortaz Hejri, Sara title: Turning unprofessional behaviors around using Holmes' reflection approach: a randomized controlled study date: 2020-09-16 words: 5819 flesch: 53 summary: In the present study, we aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a longitudinal program to improve professionalism among medical students upon their transition to clinical settings. Keywords: Professionalism; Holmes' approach; Unprofessional behavior; Medical students; Reflection. keywords: behaviors; group; intervention; medical; professionalism; reflection; students; study; test cache: jmehm-684.pdf plain text: jmehm-684.txt item: #191 of 254 id: jmehm-69 author: Mbugua, Karori title: Respect for cultural diversity and the empirical turn in bioethics: a plea for caution date: 2012-02-07 words: 3844 flesch: 57 summary: Abstract Keywords: Ethics, Cultural sensitivity, Empirical bioethics, Ethical relativism, Naturalistic fallacy. Ives J. Encounters with experience: empirical bioethics and the future. keywords: bioethicists; bioethics; ethical; med; relativism; research; social; turn cache: jmehm-69.pdf plain text: jmehm-69.txt item: #192 of 254 id: jmehm-695 author: Rouhbakhsh Halvaei, Sanaz; Sheikh Motahar Vahedi, Hojat; Ahmadi, Ayat; Mousavi, Maryam Sadat; Parsapoor, Alireza; Sima, Ali Reza; Shojaei, Amir Ahmad; Shamsi-Gooshki, Ehsan title: Rate and causes of discharge against medical advice from a university hospital emergency department in Iran: an ethical perspective date: 2020-09-28 words: 7434 flesch: 54 summary: Patients discharged against medical advice are less likely to form an established relationship with their physician and may have unsatisfactory medical outcomes. Patients who leave hospital against medical advice have to confront an additional source of distress, which is the reason why they decided to self-discharge in the first place. keywords: advice; dama; discharge; e d; emergency; health; hospital; iran; medical; patients; rate; study cache: jmehm-695.pdf plain text: jmehm-695.txt item: #193 of 254 id: jmehm-70 author: Parsapoor, Alireza; Mohammad, Kazem; Malek Afzali, Hussein; Ala’eddini, Farshid; Larijani, Bagher title: Necessity of observing patient’s rights: a survey on the attitudes of patients, nurses and physicians date: 2012-03-01 words: 5779 flesch: 51 summary: Necessity of observing patients’ right for choosing and deciding freely Hospital Model Health care providers Public general hospital (mean±SD) Private hospital (mean±SD) Teaching general hospital (mean±SD) P value Total (mean±SD) Ability to choose care-provider (Management consultant) by patients Patients 5.57±4.47 8.39±3.32 7.64±3.94 0.003* Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Necessity of observing patient’s rights: a survey on the attitudes of patients, nurses and physicians Alireza Parsapoor 1, Kazem Mohammad 2, Hussein Malek Afzali 2, Farshid Ala’eddini 3, Bagher Larijani 4* 1.Medical Ethics PhD Student, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. keywords: groups; hospital; medical; necessity; nurses; patients; physicians; rights; study cache: jmehm-70.pdf plain text: jmehm-70.txt item: #194 of 254 id: jmehm-71 author: Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud; Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad Ali; Zamani, Mohammad Mahdi; Sabetkish, Nastaran; Roshani, Farnaz title: Rhazes viewpoints about causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gout date: 2012-05-03 words: 2357 flesch: 65 summary: The results of the first controlled study in acute gout. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Rhazes viewpoints about causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gout Seyed keywords: disease; gout; medical; medicine; rhazes; studies; tabatabaei; treatment cache: jmehm-71.pdf plain text: jmehm-71.txt item: #195 of 254 id: jmehm-72 author: Parsapoor, Alireza; Mohammad, Kazem; Malek Afzali, Hussein; Ala’eddini, Farshid; Larijani, Bagher title: Unsatisfied patient’s rights: a survey on the views of patients, nurses and physicians date: 2012-03-29 words: 5276 flesch: 54 summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the views of patients as recipients of healthcare services and physicians and nurses, as healthcare providers, regarding the unsatisfied demands of different aspects of patients' rights in 3 hospitals representing three types of settings (teaching, private, and public). The second category (The right of patients to access their own information): The high scores of unsatisfied rights in terms of this category necessitate paying due attention to information transition management between physician and patient. keywords: ethics; health; hospital; information; medical; nurses; patients; physicians; rights; study; teaching cache: jmehm-72.pdf plain text: jmehm-72.txt item: #196 of 254 id: jmehm-73 author: Parsapoor, Alireza; Mohammad, Kazem; Malek Afzali, Hussein; Ala’eddini, Farshid; Larijani, Bagher title: Observance of patient’s rights: a survey on the views of patients, nurses, and physicians date: 2012-08-02 words: 4870 flesch: 57 summary: The exclusion criteria for patients in the study were: 1) Patients who had been hospitalized for less than 24 hours; Patients have agreed unanimously, at each of the three hospitals, on full observance of this right (mean score > 9) while physicians and nurses’ views regarding non-discriminatory treatment shows a significantly lower level of observance compared with the views of patients. keywords: hospital; med; nurses; observance; patients; physicians; right; study; value cache: jmehm-73.pdf plain text: jmehm-73.txt item: #197 of 254 id: jmehm-731 author: Khabaz Mafinejad, Mahboobeh; Taherahmadi, Mohammad; Asghari, Fariba; Mehran Nia, Kobra; Mehrpour, Saeeid Reza; Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza; Farahani, Parisa; Hosseini Dolama, Reza title: Teaching professionalism in cadaver dissection: medical students' perspective date: 2021-07-13 words: 5513 flesch: 52 summary: The results indicate that adequate preparation for cadaver dissection sessions and learning about professional behavior codes in the first exposure can help medical students to better understand the principles of professional behaviors. Although studies indicate a growing interest in preparing students for exposure to cadavers professionally, there is a paucity of Khabaz Mafinejad M., et al. 3 J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2021(Jul); 14: 7. Journal of M edical Ethics and H istory of M edicine empirical studies assessing the impact of teaching programs on medical students in establishing codes of conduct for cadaver dissection. keywords: anatomy; dissection; ethics; medical; principles; professionalism; program; room; students; study; tehran cache: jmehm-731.pdf plain text: jmehm-731.txt item: #198 of 254 id: jmehm-732 author: Zamanian Jahromi, Somaye; Shafaroodi, Narges; Lajevardi, Laleh title: Clinical commitment and competence: a qualitative study date: 2020-09-28 words: 5436 flesch: 39 summary: As an integral part of clinical competence, ethical commitment plays a key role in commitment enhancement, and being aware of this concept is imperative for occupational therapists (10, 11). Despite its importance, commitment in the field of occupational therapy in Iran has not received adequate attention and has not been clearly defined, and hence this study aimed to elucidate the concept of commitment as part of clinical competence through a qualitative study, involving semi-structured interviews with occupational therapists. keywords: clinical; commitment; competence; occupational; participants; patients; profession; study; therapists; therapy cache: jmehm-732.pdf plain text: jmehm-732.txt item: #199 of 254 id: jmehm-733 author: Shali, Mahboobeh; Joolaee, Soodabeh; Navab, Elham; Esmaeili, Maryam; Nikbakht Nasrabadi, Alireza title: White lies in pediatric care: a qualitative study from nurses’ perspective date: 2020-10-18 words: 5882 flesch: 56 summary: The importance of pediatric nurses' vital role is becoming more prominent, and hence the significance of educating pediatric caregivers and clinical practitioners about promoting child health is becoming more highlighted in order to provide child care at the highest standard (4). mailto:nikbakht@tums.ac.ir White lies in pediatric care: a qualitative study from nurses' perspective 2 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Volume 13 Number 16 October 2020 Introduction Implementation of therapeutic measures for children can be an undesirable experience for parents and caregivers (1). keywords: care; children; information; lies; nurses; study; truth; use; white cache: jmehm-733.pdf plain text: jmehm-733.txt item: #200 of 254 id: jmehm-74 author: Borhani, Fariba; Jalali, Tayebeh; Abbaszadeh, Abbas; Haghdoost, Ali Akbar; Amiresmaili, Mohammadreza title: Nurses’ perception of ethical climate and job satisfaction date: 2012-10-08 words: 3955 flesch: 49 summary: Theory of ethical climate The concept of ethical work climate was first introduced by Victor and Cullen (10). Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Nurses’ perception of ethical climate and job satisfaction Fariba Borhani 1 , Tayebeh Jalali 2* , Abbas Abbaszadeh 3 , Ali Akbar Haghdoost3, Mohammadreza Amiresmaili 1 1.Assistant Professor, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. keywords: caring; climate; correlation; job; kerman; med; nurses; rules; satisfaction; study cache: jmehm-74.pdf plain text: jmehm-74.txt item: #201 of 254 id: jmehm-746 author: Torkaman, Mahya; Heydari, Naval; Torabizadeh, Camellia title: Nurses' perspectives regarding the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in healthcare organizations date: 2020-11-08 words: 4550 flesch: 43 summary: Nurses' perspectives regarding the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in healthcare organizations *Corresponding Author Camellia Torabizadeh Community-based Psychiatric Care Research Center, 2nd Floor, Building No.3, Fatemeh PBUH School of Nursing and Midwifery, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Namazi Square, Shiraz, Iran. 1 Oct 2020 Published: 8 Nov 2020 Citation to this article: Torkaman M, Heydari N, Torabizadeh C. Nurses' perspectives regarding the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in healthcare organizations. keywords: commitment; ethics; iran; nurses; nursing; organization; relationship; study; work cache: jmehm-746.pdf plain text: jmehm-746.txt item: #202 of 254 id: jmehm-75 author: Dargahi, Hossein title: Organizational behavior of employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences date: 2012-10-21 words: 4365 flesch: 39 summary: Although an increase in percep- tions of political behavior under conditions of lower tenure working for supervisors is associated with lower attendance, there is no relationship between political behaviors with attendance under higher tenure working for supervisors (22). While many other studies have linked the effective use of political behaviors to improvement of individual - J Med Ethics Hist Med 2012, 5:7 Hossein Dargahi Page 4 of 7 (page number not for citation purposes) performance (25), TUMS employees disagreed with use of political behavior to improve individual performance. keywords: behavior; employees; ethics; job; med; organizations; perceptions; politics; study; tums cache: jmehm-75.pdf plain text: jmehm-75.txt item: #203 of 254 id: jmehm-751 author: Moore, Corey Benjamin title: Ebola, quarantine, and the need for a new ethical framework date: 2020-08-26 words: 4795 flesch: 58 summary: 3 Volume 13 Number 9 August 2020 J o u rn a l o f M E D IC A L E T H IC S A N D H IS T O R Y O F M E D IC IN E Public health ethical frameworks to study quarantine A number of public health frameworks exist that address ethical issues of public health interventions. Public health interventions such as quarantine should be exercised according to the law and with appropriate evidence; however, during a crisis these laws can change quickly and be enforced arbitrarily, often based on community fear and political pressure (13, 19). keywords: community; ebola; ethical; health; public; quarantine; west cache: jmehm-751.pdf plain text: jmehm-751.txt item: #204 of 254 id: jmehm-76 author: Khodabakhsh, Mohammadreza title: Attachment styles as predictors of empathy in nursing students date: 2012-11-20 words: 4523 flesch: 48 summary: Based on the results of regression analysis, it was shown that secure attachment style is predicting 53% of the variance empathy variable, whereas insecure attachment styles are explaining up to 76% of the variance empathy variable collectively. Since determining the effective variables in the quality of nurse-patient relationships in clinical settings is of paramount importance, current investigation is an effort to examine the relationship between attachment styles and empathy in nursing students. keywords: attachment; attachment styles; empathy; med; nurse; nursing; page; patient; relationships; students; style cache: jmehm-76.pdf plain text: jmehm-76.txt item: #205 of 254 id: jmehm-769 author: Chrysikos, Dimosthenis; Zografos, Constantinos G; Zografos, George C title: Thoughts about “other” patients’ rights during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-09-16 words: 2629 flesch: 52 summary: Other patients with abdominal symptoms or other non-lethal symptoms should not be disregarded. Physicians, who follow up other patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in the majority of developed countries, are not in the position to decide on the allocation of medical resources. keywords: covid-19; medical; pandemic; patients; rights cache: jmehm-769.pdf plain text: jmehm-769.txt item: #206 of 254 id: jmehm-77 author: Heidari, Akram; Adeli, Seyyed-Hassan; Taziki, Sadegh-Ali; Akbari, Valliollahe; Ghadir, Mohammad-Reza; Moosavi-Movahhed, Seyyed-Majid; Ahangari, Roghayyeh; Sadeghi-Moghaddam, Parvaneh; Mirzaee, Mohammad-Rahim; Damanpak-Moghaddam, Vahid title: Teaching medical ethics: problem-based learning or small group discussion? date: 2013-10-30 words: 3646 flesch: 59 summary: Medical ethics was a part of the curriculum for medical students in traditional Iranian medicine in Medieval Times, and great Iranian physicians have paid special attention to ethics in their practice, teaching and manuscripts. Survey for the assessment of the needed form, methods and topics of medical ethics teaching course amongst the final years medical students Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University (ASU), Cairo, Egypt 2010. keywords: ethics; group; learning; medical; methods; pbl; sgd; students; teaching cache: jmehm-77.pdf plain text: jmehm-77.txt item: #207 of 254 id: jmehm-771 author: Adeli, Seyedhassan; Heidari, Morteza; Heidari, Akram title: Human resources and patient rights during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran date: 2020-09-16 words: 1606 flesch: 46 summary: COVID-19 patients occupied almost the entire capacity of public and private hospitals. This training process was necessary for the volunteers in order to acquire basic skills, to activate those skills in establishing effective communication with healthcare staff, and to familiarize them with the workplace climate. keywords: healthcare; iran; pandemic; rights cache: jmehm-771.pdf plain text: jmehm-771.txt item: #208 of 254 id: jmehm-772 author: Shamsoddin, Erfan; Janani, Leila; Ghamari, Kiandokht; Kabiri, Payam; Shamsi Gooshki, Ehsan; Mesgarpour, Bita title: Psychometric properties of Persian version of the research misconduct questionnaire (PRMQ) date: 2020-11-10 words: 5633 flesch: 51 summary: Providing a definition for scientific research misconduct and proposing practical methods for evaluating and measuring it in various fields of medicine discipline are required. Hence, PRMQ can be considered an acceptable, valid and reliable tool to measure research misconduct in biomedical sciences researches in Iran. keywords: cvi; items; medical; misconduct; persian; prmq; research; research misconduct; validity cache: jmehm-772.pdf plain text: jmehm-772.txt item: #209 of 254 id: jmehm-776 author: Momeni, Nafiseh; Asghari, Fariba title: Barriers of students’ adherence to dress code policy in clinical settings: dental students’ viewpoint date: 2020-12-05 words: 6299 flesch: 60 summary: The common causes of students’ non-adherence in “Defects of Education” category Subcategory Code Participant quote lack of understanding of the dress code policy basis Inadequate training Scientific reasons to justify dress code adherence have not been explained to the students. Since professional dress codes can help to develop a successful doctor-patient relationship (8) and may be considered as a subset of the professionalism concept, many medical universities around the world have regulated dress codes (9, 10). keywords: adherence; code; dress; dress code; lack; patients; students; study cache: jmehm-776.pdf plain text: jmehm-776.txt item: #210 of 254 id: jmehm-78 author: Ghoshal, Rakhi; Madhiwalla, Neha; Jesani, Amar; Samant, Padmaja; Badhwar, Vijaya; Surve, Sweta title: The absent discourse of communication: understanding ethics of provider-patient relationship in six hospitals in urban India date: 2013-10-30 words: 6169 flesch: 55 summary: Obstetric consultants and residents said that they were too overburdened to spend time com‐ municating with patients; providers working in public hospitals added that the lack of education of their patients  posed a hindrance in effective communication.  However, providers practicing in private institutions explained that  they faced a challenge in communicating with patients because their patients came from educated families who  tended to trust the provider less and were generally more critical of the provider’s clinical judgement.   keywords: care; communication; ethics; hospital; med; medical; patient; providers; public; relationship; time cache: jmehm-78.pdf plain text: jmehm-78.txt item: #211 of 254 id: jmehm-784 author: Chatterjee, Saptarshi title: Ethical communication to patient & society: a critical responsibility in COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-27 words: 1504 flesch: 46 summary: The Indian government (6), WHO (7), and other agencies are committed to refute such information and encourage awareness among the citizens. Essential oils, herbal products, Liposomal vitamin C, cannabidiol, homeopathic drugs, and colloidal silver nanoparticles are examples of such products. keywords: covid-19; december; ethical cache: jmehm-784.pdf plain text: jmehm-784.txt item: #212 of 254 id: jmehm-79 author: Dehghan, Leila; Dalvand, Hamid; Haghgoo, Hojjat Allah; Hosseini, Seyed Ali; Karimlou, Masoud title: Occupational therapists and patients rights: their level of Clinical knowledge date: 2013-10-30 words: 3555 flesch: 51 summary: The results demonstrated no significant association between the level of occupational therapists’ knowledge about  patients’ rights and their existing experiences within their areas of occupational therapy (P>0.05).  Facilitating  factors  which  influence the attainment of patients’ rights were classified into three groups: organizations, therapists and clients.   keywords: ethics; iran; knowledge; level; med; occupational; patients; rights; therapists cache: jmehm-79.pdf plain text: jmehm-79.txt item: #213 of 254 id: jmehm-80 author: Tahir, Shaila; Rafique, Adeela ; Ghafoor, Farkhanda ; Saleem, Akif ; Khan, Amanullah title: Attitude and practice of dental surgeons towards pharmaceutical companies’ marketing gifts date: 2013-10-30 words: 3063 flesch: 53 summary: Grande D. Limiting the influence of pharmaceutical industry gifts on physicians: self-regulation or government interven- tion? Histori- cally, pharmaceutical industry has been trying to influence doctors’ prescribing habits and has often not adhered to ethical principles (17). keywords: faculty; gifts; graduates; industry; med; members; pharmaceutical; practitioners; study cache: jmehm-80.pdf plain text: jmehm-80.txt item: #214 of 254 id: jmehm-806 author: Kadivar, Maliheh; Mardani-Hamooleh, Marjan; Kouhnavard, Marjan; Sayarifard, Azadeh title: Nurses' attitudes toward caring for terminally ill neonates and their families in Iran: a cross-sectional study date: 2021-02-16 words: 5465 flesch: 39 summary: Neonatologists and neonatal nurses have positive attitudes toward perinatal end-of-life decisions, a nationwide survey. Primary palliative care in neonatal intensive care. keywords: care; caring; end; families; family; life; med; neonates; nurses; patient; study; terminally cache: jmehm-806.pdf plain text: jmehm-806.txt item: #215 of 254 id: jmehm-81 author: Molazem, Zahra; Tavakol, Nahid ; Sharif, Farkhondeh ; Keshavarzi, Sareh ; Ghadakpour, Soraya title: Effect of education based on the “4A Model” on the Iranian nurses’ moral distress in CCU wards date: 2013-10-30 words: 5823 flesch: 58 summary: Keywords: Moral distress, Cardiac care units, Education, Nurse, 4A model J Med Ethics Hist Med 6:5 April, 2013 jmehm.tums.ac.ir Zahra Molazem et al. Page 2 of 8 (page number not for citation purposes)     Introduction Complexity of health care has caused ethical dilemmas and moral distress to be quite unavoida- ble for nurses (1). Moral distress is a major, highly prevalent problem in the nursing profession (2, 3). keywords: care; control; distress; groups; intervention; mean; moral; nurses; nursing; patient; study cache: jmehm-81.pdf plain text: jmehm-81.txt item: #216 of 254 id: jmehm-813 author: Abdollahi, Reza; Iranpour, Sohrab; Ajri-khameslou, Mehdi title: Relationship between resilience and professional moral courage among nurses date: 2021-02-15 words: 4745 flesch: 51 summary: 4- Prediction of nurses' resilience based on moral courage and use of productivity plan benefits Details Non-Standard Coefficient Standard Coefficient t P-value R2 Moral courage 8.11 0.45 9.94 0.00 0.22 Productivity plan 2.27 0.12 2.75 0.00 Discussion This work studied the relationship between resilience and professional moral courage in nurses working in hospitals. The difference in moral courage level in these studies can be attributed to the effect of certain factors on moral courage, including ethical climate, nurses' age, organizational culture, managers' support, organization's support, and organization’s non-acceptance (12). keywords: courage; ethics; med; nurses; nursing; relationship; resilience; study cache: jmehm-813.pdf plain text: jmehm-813.txt item: #217 of 254 id: jmehm-82 author: Salari, Pooneh; Zahedi, Farzaneh; Aramesh, Kiarash; Larijani, Bagher title: Brief report: The Third Annual Medical Ethics Congress in Iran date: 2013-10-30 words: 854 flesch: 29 summary: Microsoft Word - 6 Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine        Brief report: The Third Annual Medical Ethics Congress in Iran   Pooneh Salari1, Farzaneh Zahedi2, Kiarash Aramesh3 and Bagher Larijani4   1Assistant Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2 MD, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Associate Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center & Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.   After opening ceremony and the welcome speech by Dr Pooneh Salari the scientific secretary, the congress chairman Professor Bagher Larijani gave a lecture on the issues by overview of ethics in teaching including ethics education in Iran and the recent advances in the Tehran University of Medical Sciences including establishing PhD degree in medical ethics as well as reforms in teaching medical ethics. keywords: ethics; medical; tehran cache: jmehm-82.pdf plain text: jmehm-82.txt item: #218 of 254 id: jmehm-825 author: Wicaksono, Raditya Bagas; Ferine, Miko; Lestari, Diyah Woro Dwi; Hidayah, Arfi Nurul; Muhaimin, Amalia title: Experience of Indonesian medical students of ethical issues during their clinical clerkship in a rural setting date: 2021-07-13 words: 7073 flesch: 48 summary: Abstract Although ethics is an essential part of medical education, little attention has been paid to ethics education during the clerkship phase, where medical students observe how physicians make decisions regarding various ethical problems. Keywords: Ethical issue; Medical students; Clinical clerkship; Indonesia. keywords: clerkship; consent; data; education; emergency; ethics; experience; healthcare; hist; indonesia; issues; journal; limited; medical; participants; patient; physician; students; study cache: jmehm-825.pdf plain text: jmehm-825.txt item: #219 of 254 id: jmehm-83 author: Asghari, Fariba; Samadi, Aniseh; Rashidian, Arash title: Medical ethics course for undergraduate medical students: a needs assessment study date: 2013-10-30 words: 4386 flesch: 53 summary: Medical ethics education: coming of age. Medical ethics education: to what ends? keywords: consensus; education; ethics; items; medical; needs; patients; physicians; study cache: jmehm-83.pdf plain text: jmehm-83.txt item: #220 of 254 id: jmehm-846 author: Mobasher, Mina title: Painting as a reflective method in teaching medical professional values date: 2021-01-30 words: 2835 flesch: 54 summary: One study showed that the final purpose of medical ethics education is to train medical students and physicians who have acquired the fundamental skills in professionalism, such as responsiveness, altruism, excellence, integrity, respect, and justice (1). Jo u rn a l o f M e d ica l E th ics a n d H isto ry o f M e d icin e Painting as a reflective method in teaching medical professional values *Corresponding Author Mina Mobasher Address: Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22th Bahman Blvd., Kerman, Iran. keywords: ethics; medical; painting; students; teaching; values cache: jmehm-846.pdf plain text: jmehm-846.txt item: #221 of 254 id: jmehm-862 author: Mobasher, Mina title: Virtual learning for teaching medical ethics during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-19 words: 1415 flesch: 52 summary: Medical students learn medical humanities and professional values from their interactions with patients, as well as with their professors, colleagues, other healthcare providers, and the society (3). Although altruism, responsibility, honesty, respect, and justice are better understood by medical students at the time of a world-wide COVID-19 catastrophic pandemic (4). keywords: ethics; learning; medical; students cache: jmehm-862.pdf plain text: jmehm-862.txt item: #222 of 254 id: jmehm-867 author: Sahebi, Ali; Moayedi, Siamak; Golitaleb, Mohamad title: COVID-19 pandemic and the ethical challenges in patient care date: 2020-12-19 words: 2950 flesch: 43 summary: Hence, resource triage is a difficult challenge for healthcare staff, and these limited resources should be appropriately allocated. Likewise, a considerable mortality rate has been reported among healthcare staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. keywords: covid-19; ethical; healthcare; medical; pandemic; patients; staff cache: jmehm-867.pdf plain text: jmehm-867.txt item: #223 of 254 id: jmehm-873 author: Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud; Jafari-Mehdiabad, Amirhossein title: Rhazes’ pioneer viewpoints about psychiatry, neurology and neuroscience date: 2020-12-12 words: 3575 flesch: 57 summary: Some of Rhazes' Achievements in Psychiatry Discipline 1- Classification of Psychiatric Disorders: Rhazes classified mental disorders into two categories: A. Based on impaired thinking and perception: a) Impaired perception with healthy thinking. b) Impaired thinking with healthy perception. B. Based on the persistence of mental disorder symptoms: a) Permanent: It is caused by damage to the brain itself, its appearance is not sudden; it has a variety of primary and secondary symptoms. b) Non-permanent: This type is a complication of another disease such as encephalitis or meningitis, pneumonia or pleurisies, severe fever, dehydration, and severe heat exhaustion, all of which can be accompanied with symptoms of mental disorder. keywords: arabic; disorders; iran; medical; psychiatry; rhazes; tehran cache: jmehm-873.pdf plain text: jmehm-873.txt item: #224 of 254 id: jmehm-881 author: Sabeghi, Hakimeh; Afshar, Leila; Foroutan, Seyed Abbas; Yazdani, Shahram title: Medical students' value-rich exposures in clinical setting during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-19 words: 1898 flesch: 46 summary: Conclusion Presence of medical students in clinical settings during the pandemic is a valuable opportunity for value education, a critical principle in medical education. Abstract Exposing medical students to real-world situations and clinical practice experiences during their education years can help them build their professional value frameworks. keywords: education; medical; pandemic; patients; students; value cache: jmehm-881.pdf plain text: jmehm-881.txt item: #225 of 254 id: jmehm-883 author: Reazee, Nasrin; Mardani - Hamooleh, Marjan; Seraji, Maryam title: Nurses' perception of ethical challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19: a qualitative analysis date: 2020-12-19 words: 6179 flesch: 63 summary: The first category was subcategorized into the risk of declining quality of patient care and a stigmatized public image about COVID-19 care. Number 23 December 2020 quality of patient care and a stigmatized public image about COVID-19 care. keywords: care; challenges; covid-19; covid-19 care; covid-19 patients; degree; family; nurses; nursing; patients cache: jmehm-883.pdf plain text: jmehm-883.txt item: #226 of 254 id: jmehm-887 author: Saeedi Tehrani, Saeedeh; Hashemi, Akram; Madani, Mansureh; Forouzandeh, Mina title: Confidentiality challenges surrounding plasma therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case discussion in Iran date: 2020-12-21 words: 4229 flesch: 48 summary: Necessary information should be given to hospital patients to contact IBTO themselves. A public call for voluntary participation of recovered patients in plasma donation programs should be announced and advertised. keywords: confidentiality; covid-19; ethics; health; information; medical; patients; plasma cache: jmehm-887.pdf plain text: jmehm-887.txt item: #227 of 254 id: jmehm-890 author: Yazdimoghaddam, Hamideh; Manzari, Zahra Sadat; Heydari, Abbas; Mohammadi, Eesa title: The ethical obligation to provide care to patients diagnosed with brain death until the end stages based on grounded theory date: 2021-02-15 words: 5919 flesch: 55 summary: Moral commitment to provide care even when death is imminent The effect of patient status and characteristics on the care provider Care provision while keeping human and emotional considerations in mind Nurses' emotional distress following care Respecting the rituals for dying patients Being less sensitive to non-candidate patients’ care Futile care of non-candidate patients Organ donation: a distinct care element Feeling uselessness of care when donation is not an option Keshtkaran Z, Sharif F, Navab E, Gholamzadeh S. Lived experiences of Iranian nurses caring for brain death organ donor patients: caring as “Halo of ambiguity and doubt”. keywords: brain; care; death; donation; med; nurses; organ; patients cache: jmehm-890.pdf plain text: jmehm-890.txt item: #228 of 254 id: jmehm-902 author: Dargahi, Hossein; Veysi, Fereshteh title: The relationship between managers’ ideal intelligence as a hybrid model and employees’ organizational commitment: a case study in Tehran University of Medical Sciences date: 2021-07-13 words: 7135 flesch: 43 summary: in a sample of 126 Swiss military officers defined cultural intelligence as a constituent dimension of hybrid intelligence was a strong predictor of organizational commitment and leadership effectiveness (70 , 71), which is in line with the results of this study. The relationship between moral intelligence and organizational development: mediating role of organizational intelligence. keywords: commitment; cultural; employees; ethics; hybrid; intelligence; journal; managers; med; medical; moral; persian; relationship; sciences; study; tehran; university cache: jmehm-902.pdf plain text: jmehm-902.txt item: #229 of 254 id: jmehm-910 author: Kamali, Mohsen; Moosavi, Seyed Kazem title: Observance of patients’ rights by physicians and nurses from the COVID-19 patients’ perspective date: 2020-12-30 words: 6780 flesch: 56 summary: Observance of patients’ rights by physicians and nurses from the COVID-19 patients’ perspective. The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global crisis and affected the interactions between healthcare providers and patients. keywords: covid-19; level; observance; patients; rights; study cache: jmehm-910.pdf plain text: jmehm-910.txt item: #230 of 254 id: jmehm-913 author: Manookian, Arpi title: The significance of shared humanity during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-23 words: 1407 flesch: 62 summary: Nurses struggle with physical and psychological burdens and the burn-out resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, and most of them continue to be on the front line fighting COVID-19 and providing nursing care (1, 2). The significance of shared humanity during the COVID-19 pandemic *Corresponding Author Arpi Manookian School of Nursing and Midwifery, Dr Mirkhani St., Tohid Sq., Tehran, Iran. keywords: covid-19; nursing; pandemic cache: jmehm-913.pdf plain text: jmehm-913.txt item: #231 of 254 id: jmehm-916 author: Grigoryan, Yana Grantovna; Krylov, Nikolay N. title: COVID-19 and collective responsibility: a lesson from the smallpox outbreak in Moscow in 1960 date: 2020-12-28 words: 3330 flesch: 57 summary: This is due to the key difference between public health and clinical medicine, which is the preventive nature of the former. In the face of infectious disease threats, public health often aims to impose restrictions on healthy people who are the potential victims of the disease but do not suffer when these restrictions are applied. keywords: moscow; people; public; smallpox cache: jmehm-916.pdf plain text: jmehm-916.txt item: #232 of 254 id: jmehm-918 author: Monajemi, Alireza; Namazi, Hamidreza title: Health lag: medical philosophy reflects on COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-23 words: 3692 flesch: 55 summary: For epidemiology to become reintegrated with public health practices, changes will be required in both the education and training of epidemiologists as well as in the practice of public health. Keywords: Medical philosophy; Medical humanities; Medicalization; Public health; COVID-19; Pandemics. keywords: health; health lag; lag; medical; medicine; pandemic; public cache: jmehm-918.pdf plain text: jmehm-918.txt item: #233 of 254 id: jmehm-921 author: Azadnajafabad, Sina title: Heroes or cowards: healthcare workers’ autonomy right versus patient care duties during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-12-27 words: 2629 flesch: 56 summary: Other factors affecting HCWs’ willingness to stay and perform duties during health disasters such as pandemic are as follows: (i) significant influx of patients seeking care, (ii) professional code of beneficence, a major code of medical ethics, and (iii) duty of accepting risks to help other HCWs and taking on a share of the burden (14). Because HCWs and medical staff, like other members of human society, are entitled to human rights including the right to health, many ethical controversies and dilemmas arose about the HCWs’ role as heroes or cowards in this crisis (3). keywords: 2020; care; hcws; health; medical; pandemic cache: jmehm-921.pdf plain text: jmehm-921.txt item: #234 of 254 id: jmehm-93 author: Sheykh Talimi, Maysam; Shariati-Nasab, Sadegh; Kazem Zare, Mohammad; Omani Samani, Reza title: The right to information and their exceptions in medical practices in the Iranian legal system date: 2016-11-08 words: 3002 flesch: 38 summary: The legislature by ensuring this right recognizes two ways of accessing information; voluntary dissemination of information by public bodies and disclosure by user request, which constitutes elements of the right of access to state- held information. The main purpose of this essay was the description of the citizen’s right to access to public information and the clarification of patient rights and their exceptions in the area of right to information. keywords: access; act; disclosure; information; right; state cache: jmehm-93.pdf plain text: jmehm-93.txt item: #235 of 254 id: jmehm-931 author: Hoobehfekr, Saba; Asghari, Fariba; Sayarifard, Azadeh; Kadivar, Maliheh; Kashefinejad, Shayan title: Medical students’ perception of professionalism climate in clinical settings date: 2021-09-01 words: 5010 flesch: 56 summary: Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians’ charter. Twelve Tips for teaching medical professionalism at all levels of medical education. keywords: behaviors; climate; ethics; faculty; item; medical; professionalism; residents; students; study; university cache: jmehm-931.pdf plain text: jmehm-931.txt item: #236 of 254 id: jmehm-94 author: Kadivar, Maliheh; Mosayebi, Ziba; Asghari, Fariba; Zarrini, Pari title: Ethical challenges in the neonatal intensive care units: perceptions of physicians and nurses; an Iranian experience date: 2016-02-28 words: 4829 flesch: 55 summary: Providing the necessary information and proper communication 29 Caregivers’ accountability 30 Helpfulness of hospital ethics committees 31 Functions of hospital ethics committees 32 Use of hospital ethics committees 33 Helpfulness of hospital ethics committees’ comments 34 Helpfulness of hospital ethics committees on the occasion of conflicts between patients’ families and hospital staff 35 Helpfulness of hospital ethics committees in reducing ethical issues in NICU 36 Attending related courses NICU= neonatal intensive care unit. Due to the nature of their career, health team members are constantly exposed to ethical issues and challenges such as abortion, end of life care, and medical errors (1, 2). keywords: care; committees; ethical; ethics; issues; med; medical; neonatal; nurses; physicians; study cache: jmehm-94.pdf plain text: jmehm-94.txt item: #237 of 254 id: jmehm-941 author: Basu, Saurav title: Approaches to critical care resource allocation and triage during the COVID-19 pandemic: an examination from a developing world perspective date: 2021-02-28 words: 4502 flesch: 45 summary: Conclusion The reconciliation of utilitarian and equitable approaches to pandemic triage through a universal ethical proposition for allocation of critical care health resources is ineffective in most of the developing world primarily due to their large population size/density, and limited pre-existing healthcare availability. Jo u rn a l o f M e d ica l E th ics a n d H isto ry o f M e d icin e Approaches to critical care resource allocation and triage during the COVID-19 pandemic: an examination from a developing world perspective Saurav Basu Senior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. keywords: allocation; care; countries; covid-19; ethical; ethics; health; med; pandemic; patients; resource; triage cache: jmehm-941.pdf plain text: jmehm-941.txt item: #238 of 254 id: jmehm-949 author: Atashzadeh Shoorideh, Foroozan; Moosavi, Soolmaz; Balouchi, Abbas title: Incivility toward nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2021-11-03 words: 10430 flesch: 60 summary: The systematic review by Edward et al. was conducted on the correlation between workplace violence and nurses’ anxiety. The study by Pompeii et al. revealed that the greatest rate of incivility pertained to violence and verbal threat (86). keywords: abuse; bullying; e d; et al; health; incivility; l e; m e; med; nurses; nursing; physical; prevalence; review; risk; studies; verbal; violence; workplace cache: jmehm-949.pdf plain text: jmehm-949.txt item: #239 of 254 id: jmehm-95 author: Borhani, Fariba; Mohammadi, Somayeh; Roshanzadeh, Mostafa title: Moral distress and perception of futile care in intensive care nurses date: 2016-02-28 words: 4584 flesch: 61 summary: This descriptive-analytical study attempted to investigate the relationship between futile care and moral distress in intensive care nurses. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between moral distress and perception of futile care in intensive care nurses. keywords: care; distress; frequency; futile; intensity; med; nurses; perception; study cache: jmehm-95.pdf plain text: jmehm-95.txt item: #240 of 254 id: jmehm-950 author: Asghari, Fariba; Shahvari, Zahra; Ebadi, Abbas; Alipour, Fateme; Samadi, Shahram; Bahreini, Maryam; Amini, Homayoun title: Developing and validating an instrument to measure: the medical professionalism climate in clinical settings date: 2021-11-03 words: 6073 flesch: 54 summary: Medical professionalism regulates health-care providers’ behavior in their interactions with patients, other health- care providers, and the health-care organization. Also, all experts were familiar with medical professionalism in the Iranian context. keywords: behavior; care; climate; factor; instrument; items; medical; patients; professionalism; providers; questionnaire; service; settings; validity cache: jmehm-950.pdf plain text: jmehm-950.txt item: #241 of 254 id: jmehm-953 author: Tajalli, Saleheh; Rostamli, Somayeh; Dezvaree, Nazi; Shariat, Mamak; Kadivar, Maliheh title: Moral distress among Iranian neonatal intensive care units’ health care providers: a multi-center cross sectional study date: 2021-11-03 words: 4908 flesch: 59 summary: Another study by Molloy et al., found a significant inverse relationship between perceived moral distress and a person’s age and years of service, whereas moral distress was significantly correlated with the ward type (33). Abstract Due to the unique nature of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and its moral distress, this study aimed to investigate moral distress in the NICU. keywords: care; distress; frequency; intensity; med; medical; moral; neonatal; nurses; physicians; study cache: jmehm-953.pdf plain text: jmehm-953.txt item: #242 of 254 id: jmehm-96 author: Ahadi, Tannaz; Mianehsaz, Elaheh; Raissi, Gholamreza; Moraveji, SeyedAlireza; Sharifi, Vahid title: Professionalism in residents of physical medicine and rehabilitation in Iran date: 2016-02-28 words: 3535 flesch: 54 summary: I have observed residents (resident colleagues) disclose the private issues of their patients to other residents. I have observed resident colleagues disclose the private issues of their patients to other residents. keywords: colleagues; iran; med; medical; professionalism; residents cache: jmehm-96.pdf plain text: jmehm-96.txt item: #243 of 254 id: jmehm-97 author: Borhani, Fariba; Keshtgar, Mohammad; Abbaszadeh, Abbas title: Moral self-concept and moral sensitivity in Iranian nurses date: 2016-02-28 words: 4729 flesch: 53 summary: In addition, this questionnaire contained six subscales including understanding the utilization of moral concepts in inter-personal relationships, improvement of patients’ autonomy, benevolence, experience of problems, moral struggles, and professional knowledge. No significant difference was observed in applying moral concepts (meaning), benevolence, understanding of interpersonal relationships, and professional knowledge between men and women. keywords: concept; ethics; knowledge; nurses; nursing; professional; relationship; self; sensitivity; study cache: jmehm-97.pdf plain text: jmehm-97.txt item: #244 of 254 id: jmehm-972 author: Yip, Jeffrey Yuk Chiu title: Ethical considerations for clinicians faced with patients lacking the capacity to form reasoned judgments regarding COVID-19 tests and isolation date: 2021-11-03 words: 1926 flesch: 49 summary: Such patients may need to be treated within secure facilities where many patients and staff live in close proximity, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Because of psychiatric illness, such patients may refrain from being tested or following protocols such as mask- wearing or isolation. keywords: clinicians; health; patients cache: jmehm-972.pdf plain text: jmehm-972.txt item: #245 of 254 id: jmehm-973 author: Jodaki, Kurosh; Esmaeili, Maryam; Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Pashaeypoor, Shahzad; Sadat Hoseini, Akram Sadat title: Clarifying the concept of conscience in nurses’ ethical performance in Iran: a concept analysis study date: 2021-11-03 words: 5975 flesch: 59 summary: 3- Categories, subcategories and codes of conscience in the field work phase Categories Subcategories Codes Perception of conscience Inner voice Superior feeling Guide and observer Conscience is the voice of God Conscience is the inner inspiring factor Conscience is a transcendental sense Conscience is the supreme inner power Conscience is an inner guide Conscience is a human observer Commands of conscience Conflict of conscience Strong commanding center Conscience is the agent distinguishing right from wrong Conscience is a factor of choosing right from wrong Conscience is a restraining agent Conscience is an inner stimulus Obedience to conscience Troubled conscience Clear conscience Conscience is a blame factor Conscience is a cause of guilt Conscience is a satisfying factor Conscience is a soothing factor Perception of conscience Conscience provides a persistent inner warning and once neglected, it starts blaming, and hence conscience acts as an internal stressor. keywords: care; concept; conscience; ethical; ethics; iran; med; nurses; nursing; study cache: jmehm-973.pdf plain text: jmehm-973.txt item: #246 of 254 id: jmehm-977 author: Daryazadeh, Saeideh; Adibi, Payman; Yamani, Nikoo title: The role of narrative medicine program in promoting professional ethics: perceptions of Iranian medical students date: 2021-12-06 words: 4528 flesch: 53 summary: Moreover, in Arntfield et al, study, medical students reported that narrative is an important means for The role of narrative medicine program in promoting professional ethics … 6 J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2021(December); 14:21. Daryazadeh S, Adibi P, Yamani N, Mollabashi R. Impact of narrative medicine program on improving reflective capacity and empathy of medical students in Iran. keywords: ethics; medical; medicine; narrative; perceptions; program; students; study cache: jmehm-977.pdf plain text: jmehm-977.txt item: #247 of 254 id: jmehm-98 author: Hashemi, Akram; Yeketaz, Habibeh; Asghari, Fariba title: Developing an ethical guideline for clinical teaching in Tehran University ofMedical Sciences date: 2016-02-28 words: 4052 flesch: 46 summary: Patients, however, believe that they are not provided with enough information on the trainees’ role in their medical care (5), and in many cases faculty members and students do not clarify their position to patients (6). It should be added that almost all reviewed literature considered it necessary to obtain written consent to perform such interventions on deceased patients. keywords: consent; education; ethics; guideline; medical; patients; rights; students; teaching; training cache: jmehm-98.pdf plain text: jmehm-98.txt item: #248 of 254 id: jmehm-99 author: Cheraghi, MohammadAli; Manookian, Arpi; Nikbakht-Nasrabadi, Alireza title: Patients’ lived experiences regarding maintaining dignity date: 2016-02-28 words: 5159 flesch: 50 summary: One of the hidden meanings of preserving patients’ dignity was extracted as “enlightened practice”. It is therefore essential to explore the concept based on patients’ lived experiences in order to maintain and respect their dignity and consequently improve the quality of health services and patient satisfaction. keywords: care; dignity; ethics; experiences; human; med; nursing; patients; study cache: jmehm-99.pdf plain text: jmehm-99.txt item: #249 of 254 id: jmehm-990 author: Kasiri, Masoud title: The impact of archaism discourse on Iranian medical historiography from the Achaemenid period date: 2021-12-01 words: 3315 flesch: 54 summary: Old style Medical services have been considered as one of the primary human needs for thousands of years, and medical history has been valued since then. (7) These comments have led most historians of medical history to consider the Achaemenid period as the glory era of Iranian civilization and insist on it, because they correspond the glory of civilization to the characteristics of a successful world school derived from the religion of Zoroaster. keywords: achaemenid; ancient; historiography; history; iran; iranian; medical; medicine; period cache: jmehm-990.pdf plain text: jmehm-990.txt item: #250 of 254 id: jmehm-991 author: Asghari, Fariba; Ghalandarpoorattar, Seyedeh Mojgan title: Continuing review of ethics in clinical trials: a surveillance study in Iran date: 2013-09-08 words: 3629 flesch: 57 summary: Questionnaire D. This questionnaire was com- pleted by the REC representative through inter- views with clinical trial participants. Principal investigators’ perception and awareness of reviewed clinical trials Questions keywords: consent; ethics; informed; research; review; study; trials cache: jmehm-991.pdf plain text: jmehm-991.txt item: #251 of 254 id: jmehm-992 author: Khodadoust, Kazem; Ardalan, Mohammadreza; Pourabbas, Reza; Abdolrahimi, Majid title: Dental and oral diseases in Medieval Persia, lessons from Hedayat Akhawayni date: 2013-02-11 words: 3526 flesch: 61 summary: Undoubtedly the most substantial medical book of that period that has been written in Persian belongs to Abubakr Rabi ibn Ahmad al-Akhawayni al-Bokhari and his book, Hidayat al-Mutallimin fi-al-Tibb (Learner’s Guide to Medicine).There are two chapters related to oral and dental diseases in the Hidayat, a chapter on dental pain and a chapter on bouccal pain. In the following passage there is an interesting elaboration of the role of the dental nerve in generation of pain, and also considerations on the periodontal soft tissue inflammation, and infections that could mimic dental pain. keywords: akhawayni; medical; medicine; page; pain; persian; tabriz; tooth cache: jmehm-992.pdf plain text: jmehm-992.txt item: #252 of 254 id: jmehm-993 author: Smith, James Andrew title: Balloon Dilators for Labor Induction: a Historical Review date: 2013-11-03 words: 2509 flesch: 62 summary: The scope of this analysis will be limited to the use of balloon dilators in induction of labor. Conclusion This review examined the historical record related to the development of balloon dilators, specifically those used in dilation of the cervix to induce labor. keywords: balloon; barnes; cervix; foley; induction; labor; med; storer cache: jmehm-993.pdf plain text: jmehm-993.txt item: #253 of 254 id: jmehm-994 author: Ehsani, Seyyedeh Roghayeh; Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Nejati, Amir; Salari, Amir; Haji Esmaeilpoor, Ayeshe; Mohammad Nejad, Esmaeil title: Medication errors of nurses in the emergency department date: 2013-12-24 words: 4929 flesch: 50 summary: Medical errors such as medication errors are the most prevalent errors that threaten health and are a global problem. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts: demographic information, and types and causes of medication errors. keywords: care; errors; health; iran; medical; medication; medication errors; nurses; nursing; patient; study cache: jmehm-994.pdf plain text: jmehm-994.txt item: #254 of 254 id: jmehm-995 author: Mardani Hamooleh, Marjan; Borimnejad, Leili; Seyedfatemi, Naimeh; Tahmasebi, Mamak title: Perception of Iranian nurses regarding ethics- based palliative care in cancer patients date: 2013-12-18 words: 6110 flesch: 46 summary: Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine p Perception of Iranian nurses regarding ethics- based palliative care in cancer patients Marjan Mardani Hamooleh 1 , Leili Borimnejad 2* , Naimeh Seyedfatemi 3 , Mamak Tahmasebi 4 1 PhD Candidate in Nursing Education, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4 Assistant Professor, Cancer Institute Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Palliative care is still a topic under discussion in the Iranian healthcare system, and cancer patients require palliative care. keywords: cancer; care; categories; dignity; ethics; human; iran; med; nurses; nursing; palliative; patients; study cache: jmehm-995.pdf plain text: jmehm-995.txt