# bib

id: jrmc02-1720
author: Riaz Ahmed
title: Hesitancy In Getting COVID-19 Vaccine – An Alarming Concern
date: 2021-06-30
pages: 1
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 372
sentence: 25
flesch: 44
cache: cache/jrmc02-1720.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1720.txt
summary:
  In a newly released correspondence, it was reported that prospective healthcare practitioners would need assistance and adequate education in order to assist society in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.1 Also medical students, who are most likely to come into contact with COVID-19 patients, are reluctant to receive vaccinations.2 151 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2020; 25(2): 151 Editorial Hesitancy in Getting COVID-19 Vaccine – An Alarming Concern Riaz Ahmed1 1 Dean Orthopaedics, Neurosurgery & Trauma Department, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi.


id: jrmc02-1313
author: Mudassir Fiaz Gondal, Naeem Liaqat, Mudassir Fiaz Gondal, Naeem Liaqat
title: Development of Pediatric Surgery department in resource-limiting country
date: 2019-12-31
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 965
sentence: 59
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-1313.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1313.txt
summary:
  Paediatric surgery department cannot work alone; rather it is a team-based approach which needs 193 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2019; 23(4): 192-193 exclusive support from paediatric medicine, anaesthesia and intensive care units (ICU) staff (7, 8). Developing paediatric surgery services at public sector hospitals is direly needed.


id: jrmc02-1492
author: Fazal Ghani, Fazal Ghani
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1212
sentence: 55
flesch: 45
cache: cache/jrmc02-1492.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1492.txt
title:
  Editorial Fallow Time and Managing Aerosol Generation in Dental Clinics–Current Evidence and Financial Investment Implications

summary:
  The review while admitting us as professionals to be familiar with AGPs but for the first time it has delineated between the different categories of AGPs including:  High-risk dental procedures that require fallow time and …  The use of high-volume suction, already estimated to be used by 94% of dental practices in the UK, could reduce fallow time to 20-minutes if applied effectively.


id: jrmc02-1788
author: Muhammad Waseem, Maryam Rafiq, M Haseeb Malik
title: Bilateral Chylothorax Post Blunt Trauma: A Case Report
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1496
sentence: 131
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-1788.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1788.txt
summary:
  Keywords: Blunt chest trauma, Chylothorax, Triglyceride. It should, however, be evaluated in cases that develop pleural effusion after blunt trauma, as it can result in lethal consequences.5 The purpose of this study is to describe a case of chylothorax caused by blunt chest trauma and to discuss treatment options.


id: jrmc02-1419
author: Muhammad Khurram
title: COVID-19 Pandemic and Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University
date: 2020-06-23
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1597
sentence: 107
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-1419.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1419.txt
summary:
  Fear and anxiety of getting COVID-19 were noted in health care workers when they were involved in COVID-19 patient management. They constitute up to 80% of COVID-19 patients.


id: jrmc02-104
author: Tasleem Akhtar ,Atif Sharif ,Mumtaz Akhtar ,Naeem Zia ,Muhammad Hanif
title: Mass in Right Iliac Fossa- Clinicopathogical Evaluation
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1976
sentence: 117
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-104.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-104.txt
summary:
  Conclusion: Appendicular mass is the main cause of mass in right iliac fossa, with a wide range of other causes. Surgery remained the main stay for appendicular mass management in our hospital.


id: jrmc02-119
author: Fatima Riaz, Kirn-e-Muneera, Muhammad Adnan Saeed
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2145
sentence: 162
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-119.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-119.txt
title:
  Effect of High Dose Ginger on Plasma Testosterone and Leutinising Hormone Levels in Male Rats after Lead Induced Toxicity

summary:
  Conclusion: High dose ginger (>1gm/kg body weight) failed to enhance the suppressed testosterone level due to lead toxicity in male rats. Key Words: Lead toxicity, high dose ginger, plasma testosterone and LH levels Introduction The toxic effects of lead, an environmental pollutant, on the body systems are well documented.


id: jrmc02-114
author: Mohammad Iqbal, Kamran Iqbal,Sahibzada Fawad Khan,Wasim Ahmad
title: Incidence of External Ear Canal Folliculitis
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2201
sentence: 135
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-114.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-114.txt
summary:
  Different factors are involved in the prevalence of external ear canal folliculitis, including poor hygiene, over crowding, bath in a contaminated water, hot weather, ear wax and lack of specialized care. External ear canal folliculitis in IDPs of KPK.


id: jrmc02-1655
author: Raheel Raza, Saima Ambreen, Hassan Mumtaz, Shahzaib Ahmad, Hadin Darain Khan
title: Polycythemia Secondary to Pheochromocytoma
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2053
sentence: 147
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-1655.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1655.txt
summary:
  Diagnostic value of various biochemical parameters for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in patients with adrenal mass. 560 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2021; 25(4): 560-563 Case Report Polycythemia Secondary to Pheochromocytoma Raheel Raza1, Saima Ambreen2, Hassan Mumtaz3, Shazaib Ahmad4, Hadin Darain Khan5 1 Post-graduate Trainee, Department of Medicine, Medical Unit-I, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi.


id: jrmc02-1727
date: 2022-03-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2575
sentence: 124
flesch: 51
cache: cache/jrmc02-1727.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1727.txt
author:
  Jawad Ahmad, Alaf Khan, Muhammad Jamal, Anam Javed, Jawad Ahmad, Alaf Khan, Muhammad Jamal, Anam Javed

title:
  Frequency of Impacted Third Molar in Mandibular Angle Fractures in Patients Presenting to Ayub Teaching Hospital

summary:
  They concluded that there are about nine times higher chances of mandibular fractures in the presence of an impacted third molar.13 Another study reported that the prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars was 26.04%.14 After analyzing panoramic radiographs and intraoral periapical radiographs of patients. Association between impacted mandibular third molar and occurrence of mandibular angle fracture: A radiological study.


id: jrmc02-1619
author: Hassan Mumtaz, Irfan Afzal Mughal, Amna Faruqi, Noor -ul-Ain Irfan, Shamim Mumtaz, Asma Irfan
title: Alanine Transaminase levels in Patients of Dengue Fever in the Suburbs of Islamabad
date: 2021-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2452
sentence: 119
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-1619.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1619.txt
summary:
  Figure 1: Distribution of Dengue patients according to sex Figure 2: Distribution of Dengue patients according to age Table 1: ALT and AST levels in different age groups Age groups(yrs) Number of patients=n ALT IU/L (mean + SD) AST IU/L (mean + SD) 9-18 15 117.9+108 186.1+120 19-25 32 101.2+112 133.7+124 26-35 36 84.5+59 118.1+65 36-45 19 89.2+73 127.6+83 46-55 10 70.2+135 96.1+41 56-65 2 212.5+152 276.5+173 66-75 4 85.50+77 158.0+98 Table 2: Relationship between age groups and ALT levels Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymptomatic Significance (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 132.132 72 0.001 Likelihood Ratio 71.966 72 .479 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.426 1 .232 N of Valid Cases 118 *** Highly significant Table 3: Association and relationship of age and ALT levels Value Significance Nominal by Nominal Phi 1.058 0.001 Cramer' s V .432 0.0001 Interval by Interval Pearson's R .110 .234 Ordinal by Ordinal Spearman Correlation .096 .300 N of Valid Cases 118 Discussion We witnessed in our study that in Pakistan, the spread of dengue infection mainly occurred in August and September and we found our results to conform to a national report published previously. Dengue infection is prevalent in the tropics, with local disparities in risk depending on temperature, rain, and unexpected fast migration of people to urban areas.2 In the 1950s, documentation of severe dengue was done, during a dengue epidemic in the Philippines and Thailand.


id: jrmc02-109
author: RuqyyahSalim, Sobia Nawaz, Farzana Kazmi
title: Diagnostic Accuracy of Transcerebellar Diameter for Gestational Age
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2762
sentence: 170
flesch: 49
cache: cache/jrmc02-109.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-109.txt
summary:
  Hill LM, Guzick D, Fries J, Hixson J, Rivello D. The transverse cerebellar diameter in estimating gestational age in the large for gestational age fetus. Hill LM, Guzick D, Rivello D, Hixson J, Peterson C. The transverse cerebellar diameter cannot be used to assess gestational age in the small for gestational age fetus.


id: jrmc02-16
title: Status of Hepatitis Be Antigen in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients from Various Regions of Pakistan
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2714
sentence: 174
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-16.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-16.txt
author:
  Agha Babar Hussain , Muhammad Ali Rathore   , Inaam Qadir Javed Hashmi   , Eijaz Ghani , Muhammad  Idrees Khan , Agha Babar Hussain , Muhammad Ali Rathore   , Inaam Qadir Javed Hashmi   , Eijaz Ghani , Muhammad  Idrees Khan 

summary:
  Department of Virology , Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi;5 Division of Molecular Virology, Centre Of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Abstract Background: To determine the distribution of HBeAg in chronic hepatitis B patients from different regions of Pakistan. Conclusion: There was a male predominance among Hepatitis B virus infected patients .Maximum cases were between 20 to 50 years of age.


id: jrmc02-102
title: Soft Tissue Tumours with Epithelioid Morphoogy
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2655
sentence: 191
flesch: 46
cache: cache/jrmc02-102.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-102.txt
author:
  Muhammad Zain Mehdi, Sajid Mushtaq, Noreen Akhtar, Usman Hassan, Asif Loya, Mudassar Hussain and Muhammad Azam

summary:
  SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(1): 37-41 37 Original Article Soft Tissue Tumours with Epithelioid Morphoogy Muhammad Zain Mehdi, Sajid Mushtaq, Noreen Akhtar, Usman Hassan, Asif Loya, Mudassar H ussain and Muhammad Azam Department of Histopathology, Shaukat Khanum Hospital and Research Centre Abstract Background: To study the morphological findings of soft tissue sarcomas with epithelioid morphology and their distribution with respect to the age, gender and location. Soft tissue sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of rare malignant neoplasms.


id: jrmc02-1750
author: Soban Sarwar Gondal, Abeera Zareen, Muhammad Haroon Anwar, Jawad Zaheer, Muhammad Salim
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2705
sentence: 167
flesch: 46
cache: cache/jrmc02-1750.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1750.txt
title:
  Comparison of Intraarticular Ketorolac Versus Triamcinolone Acetone Injection in Patients of Knee Osteoarthritis

summary:
  Materials and Methods: In this randomized double-blind comparative study, we included patients of knee OA who were planned for intra-articular injections from January-2020 to December-2020 in the Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine at Rawalpindi Medical University. However, limited literature is available regarding the efficacy of ketorolac in comparison to corticosteroids for intra-articular injection in knee OA patients.


id: jrmc02-1607
author: Naseer Ahmed, Sunia Gul, Eruj Shuja, Arsalan Maqbool, Wasim Ibrahim, Muhammad Adil Asim
date: 2021-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2707
sentence: 156
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-1607.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1607.txt
title:
  Frequency of Post-Operative Bleeding after Dental Extraction among Patients on Chronic Low Dose Aspirin

summary:
  Hasan S, Akhter M, Khan SH, Sharmin D, Karim MM, Rahman R. Evaluation of post-extraction bleeding in patients taking low dose aspirin. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of post-operative bleeding after dental extraction among patients on chronic low-dose aspirin.


id: jrmc02-112
author: Asif Zafar Malik ,Nousheen Qureshi , Tabassum Azim, Faisal Murad
title: TELE ENT: A Step Forward in Providing Specialist Services in Far Remote Areas
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2906
sentence: 156
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-112.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-112.txt
summary:
  Attock is eighty (80) km from the capital Islamabad and its DHQ at the time of our study did not cater for ENT patients as no specialist services were available there. Routine blood and urine examination along with required other specific tests like x-Ray, pure tune audiometry were advised accordingly, then patients were given treatment for their specific problem and given dates for follow up visit.


id: jrmc02-1160
date: 2020-06-26
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2904
sentence: 194
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-1160.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1160.txt
author:
  Asmat Parveen , Naima Fazil Raja , Imran Mehmood Khan , Hijab Shaheen , Muhammad Imran , Rizwan Shafeeq Ahmed

title:
  Comparison of Conventional and Newer Iron Preparations for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Children

summary:
  After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean increase in hemoglobin was 1.8 ±1.59 g/dl in the ferrous sulphate group as compare to 2.5 ±1.31g/dl in ferrous bisglycinate group showing the higher level of rising with ferrous bisglycinate than ferrous sulphate, P =0.0033. Conclusion: Newer iron preparation, ferrous bisglycinate is a better treatment option than conventional preparation of ferrous sulphate for increasing hemoglobin in iron deficiency anemia in children. Baseline serum Hb and post-treatment serum Hb were analysed in both groups showing the more level of rising in ferrous bisglycinate group than ferrous sulphate group over the same period as shown in Table 1.


id: jrmc02-1767
title: Comparison of Ondansetron & Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Post Spinal Shivering
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2788
sentence: 210
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-1767.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1767.txt
author:
  Sumbal Rana, Faisal Wahid, Ali Arslan Munir, Syed Ehtesham Haider Naqvi, Zahoor Iqbal Mirza, Sohail Raziq

summary:
  If shivering of grade 3 continued beyond 15 minutes despite IV administration of study drugs and we needed to administer a rescue dose of pethidine 0.5mg/kg, then it was considered a significant side effect of the intrathecal block. Ejiro et al conducted a study comparing ONDANSETRON, TRAMADOL & placebo and found shivering 20%, 16.7%, and 53% in these groups respective by making it comparable to TRAMADOL in efficacy with minimal side effects.13 Mittal G compared Dexmedetomidine with Tramadol for post-spinal shivering time taken for cessation of shivering was significantly short.


id: jrmc02-1716
title: Frequency of Capillary leak syndrome in Dengue fever Patients
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2872
sentence: 212
flesch: 62
cache: cache/jrmc02-1716.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1716.txt
author:
  Safina Hameed Qureshi, Sania Hameed Qureshi, Syed Fahd Shah, Farid Ullah Shah, Syed Zubair Shah, Syed Hussain Shah

summary:
  The present study conducted on dengue fever patients is an attempt to describe capillary leak syndrome who were admitted. 495 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2021; 25(4): 495-498 Original Article Frequency of Capillary leak syndrome in Dengue fever Patients Safina Hameed Qureshi1, Sania Hameed Qureshi2, Syed Fahd Shah3, Farid


id: jrmc02-100
author: Yasir Shehzad,. Ayesha Arshad, Nadeem Akhter
title: Pattern of Head Injury and Recovery in First and Second Rider in Motor Bike Accidents
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3045
sentence: 190
flesch: 69
cache: cache/jrmc02-100.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-100.txt
summary:
  Ayesha Arshad, Nadeem Akhter, Department of Neurosurgery, DHQ Hospital and Rawalpindi Medical College,, Rawalpindi Abstract Background: To compare the rate and pattern of head injury sustained by the first vs. second rider and mortality rate and functional outcome of the two groups. Methods: In this cross sectional study all adult patients presenting with head injury resulting from a motorcycle accident, during the study period were enrolled.


id: jrmc02-129
author: Madeeha Nazar,Mudassar Iqbal, Fazal-Ur-Rahman,Rana Shakil Ahmed
title: Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Hepatitis B Virus DNA Levels and ALT for Liver Fibrosis
date: 2018-01-27
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2994
sentence: 161
flesch: 51
cache: cache/jrmc02-129.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-129.txt
summary:
  Female 23 34.8 Age (years) 25-40 5 7 41-60 37 56 >60 24 37 Pre-Hospital ECG Acquisition Pre-Hospital ECG 3 4.5 Symptomology Typical 49 74 Atypical 17 26 Discussion The prognosis of acute myocardial infarction patients depends on timely administration of fibrinolytic therapy.9,10,35 American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology recommends door to needle time of 30 minutes for fibrinolytic therapy.13,15 Emergency department triage of acute myocardial infarction patients and the effect on outcomes.


id: jrmc02-1468
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3429
sentence: 192
flesch: 45
cache: cache/jrmc02-1468.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1468.txt
author:
  Mansoor Abbas Qaisar , Zain ul Abideen , Fateh Sher Chattah , Muhammad Nadeem , Zahid Hafeez, Mansoor Abbas Qaisar , Zain ul Abideen , Fateh Sher Chattah , Muhammad Nadeem , Zahid Hafeez

title:
  Comparison of Paricalcitol (I.V) and Alfacalcidol (I.V) in Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in Hemodialysis Patients

summary:
  Xie Y, Su P, Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhao R, Li L, et al.Comparative efficacy and safety of paricalcitol versus vitamin D receptor activators for dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The studied patients were in better condition as they had a stable hemoglobin 10.81mg/dL (SD 0.76) and albumin 40.2 g/L (SD 3.7) as compared to other patients.


id: jrmc02-1713
date: 2022-03-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3421
sentence: 200
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-1713.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1713.txt
author:
  Zafar Ali, Asna Haroon, Ghazala Mudassir, Summera Moeen, Zafar Ali, Asna Haroon, Ghazala Mudassir, Summera Moeen

title:
  Pathological Spectrum of Solitary Fibrous Tumours: A Study of 25 Cases Diagnosed at a Tertiary Care Institute

summary:
  In this study we evaluated the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of SFT cases in our hospital. Localized benign and malignant fibrous tumors of the pleura.


id: jrmc02-1650
author: Farah Rashid , Sadia Zafar , Usman Zafar , Nadia Tariq , Khalid Hassan
date: 2021-08-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3348
sentence: 186
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-1650.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1650.txt
title:
  Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of SARS CoV-2 Antibodies among employees of IMDC and its teaching hospital

summary:
  Fusco FM, Pisaturo M, Iodice V, Bellopede R, Tambaro O, Parrella G, et al. COVID-19 among healthcare workers in a specialist infectious diseases setting in Naples, Southern Italy: results of a cross-sectional surveillance study. Zafar, U., Rashid, F., Zafar, S., Tariq, N., Hassan, K. Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of SARS CoV-2 Antibodies among employees of IMDC and its teaching hospital.


id: jrmc02-1557
author: Usman Zafar, Sadia Zafar, Nadia Tariq, Farah Rashid, Khalid Hassan
title: Frequency and Risk factors of Low Birth Weight in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
date: 2021-06-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3649
sentence: 212
flesch: 64
cache: cache/jrmc02-1557.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1557.txt
summary:
  The mean weight among low birth weight babies was 2.112 ± 0.346 while among normal and macrosomic babies, the mean weight was 3.124 ± 0.511. This is similar to a study conducted in South Africa where Women who attended fewer than five ANC visits were predisposed to have low birth weight babies.


id: jrmc02-1175
title: Assessment of factors responsible for early menopause in Interior Sindh, Pakistan
date: 2020-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3647
sentence: 252
flesch: 62
cache: cache/jrmc02-1175.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1175.txt
author:
   Latafat Ali Chughtai , Aliza Sahito , Jawaid Ahmed Zai , Zaibunisa Mughal , Jamshed Warsi , Benazir Mahar ,  Latafat Ali Chughtai , Aliza Sahito , Jawaid Ahmed Zai , Zaibunisa Mughal , Jamshed Warsi , Benazir Mahar 

summary:
  Also the study on the Jordanian Women, 2010 shows that the women who suffered from early menopause were having a history of premature menopause in their parents, siblings or child1 furthermore it is reported that inheritance/genetic accounts for about 25-30% in the onset of premature menopause cases.25 Apart from the above-mentioned reasons one of the abnormalities of early menopause is the osteoporosis, estrogen depletion is linked with increased loss in bone mass and density, which results in approximately 9 million cases of bone fractures per year all around the globe.26,27 conducted a study that reveals that early menopause was associated with low (BMI) which is also in confirmation with this study that both low and high BMI are causes of early menopause. 198 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2020; 24(3): 198-203 Original Article Assessment of factors responsible for early menopause in Interior Sindh, Pakistan Latafat Ali Chughtai1, Aliza Sahito2, Jawaid Ahmed Zai3, Zaibunisa Mughal4, Jamshed Warsi5, Benazir Mahar6 1,3,4 Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.


id: jrmc02-1159
title: Frequency of Tuberculosis and Malignancy in Transudative-pleural effusions: A rare but real finding
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3602
sentence: 280
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-1159.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1159.txt
author:
  Abdul Rasheed Qureshi , Muhammad Irfan , Huma Bilal , Muhammad Sajid , Zeeshan Ashraf, Abdul Rasheed Qureshi , Muhammad Irfan , Huma Bilal , Muhammad Sajid , Zeeshan Ashraf

summary:
  As pleural fluid ADA estimation is a useful biomarker for TB diagnosis in endemic areas, it should be frankly utilized for the workup of all TB-suspect transudates.29 Similarly, malignant pleural effusions are almost always categorized as exudates. Malignant pleural effusions: a review.


id: jrmc02-106
author: Junaid Khan, Riaz Ahmed, Rahman Rasool Akhtar, Kanza Batool, Hashim Riaz
title: Effect of Delay in Operative Treatment on the Range of Motion in Supracondylar Humerus Fracture
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4472
sentence: 319
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-106.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-106.txt
summary:
  Delayed treatment of supracondylar elbow fracture in children. 8. Cekanauskas E, Degliūte R, Kalesinskas RJ.Treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures , according to Gartland classification.


id: jrmc02-1414
author: Shagufta Malik ,Musab Riaz
date: 2020-07-17
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4537
sentence: 258
flesch: 47
cache: cache/jrmc02-1414.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1414.txt
title:
  Living with COVID-19 pandemic – Emerging challenges for ultrasound physicians and their suggested solution

summary:
  New challenges have emerged for ultrasound physicians engaged in diagnostic ultrasound examinations. Pre-examination safeguard measures 101 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2020; 24 COVID-19 Supplement-1: 99-107 a. Appointments All appointments for ultrasound examinations must be on the telephone or using IT platforms such as e-mail or WhatsApp; all offline walk-in appointments to be discouraged.


id: jrmc02-138
title: Association of ADIPOQ Non-Synonymous SNPs with Type 2 Diabetes-A Bioinformatics Study
date: 2018-01-27
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2806
sentence: 154
flesch: 44
cache: cache/jrmc02-138.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-138.txt
author:
  Abdul Rauf 1, Muhammad Bilal  , Farhan Rasheed  , Shazia Shamas  , Qasim Shahzad Butt , Aadil Hussain  

summary:
  1 Benign lesions like benign ovarian masses or functional changes need more conservative approach like either close observation or laparoscopic surgery, whereas malignant tumours require urgent laparotomy and in most of cases patient is being referred for further chemotherapy or radiotherapy by involving oncologists.2 Several attempts have been made to distinguish between the conditions in the past but with the availability of high-resolution ultrasound machines, colour doppler ultrasound is a possible technique for differentiation of benign from malignant adnexal masses as well as for early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma for several years. Histopathological features of malignant tumours include nuclear atypia and degree of mitoses (> 12 per 10 high-power fields) p53, BRCA1/2 genes and other genetic mutations, solid and cystic areas, extensive haemorrhage and necrosis and degree of micro-invasion. Results Between January 2014 to December 2014, 229 patients initially diagnosed as ovarian tumours were recruited to undergo e-flow colour trans-abdominal, doppler ultrasound examinations.


id: jrmc02-14
title: Perception of Medical Students Regarding Case Based Learning
date: 2018-01-21
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2136
sentence: 142
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-14.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-14.txt
author:
  Tabassum Naveed , Naveed Mazhar Bhatti  , Romana Malik, Tabassum Naveed , Naveed Mazhar Bhatti  , Romana Malik

summary:
  The results of the study are statistically significant and show that perception of students regarding cased based learning is affected by usefulness of the session, usefulness of clinical cases, their ability to correlate clinical cases, group discussion, interpersonal skills, feedback by students, teachers and their overall impression. Key Words: Case based learning, Interpersonal skills, Group discussions, Critical thinking.


id: jrmc02-1723
author: Naeem Liaqat, Maria Ata, Nida -e- Haider, Naeem Liaqat, Maria Ata, Nida -e- Haider
date: 2022-10-27
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3294
sentence: 223
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-1723.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1723.txt
title:
  Relationship between empathy and personality traits in students of a Public Sector Medical University

summary:
  Characterizing changes in student empathy throughout medical school. 30 Jun. 2022; 26(2): 185-189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v26i2.1723 Conflict of Interest: Nil Funding Source: Nil Access Online: Abstract Introduction: Empathy among medical students and doctors, is a rather unexplored part of medical flora and fauna which may vary with each personality.


id: jrmc02-17
title: Effectiveness of Vitamin D in Prevention of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2250
sentence: 160
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-17.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-17.txt
author:
  Sadaf Zaman , Muhammad Rizwan Mahmud ,Mohammad Ali Khalid ,Aqsa Zahid,Sadaf Khalid,Irum Kabir,  Shehzad Manzoor, Haider Zaigham Baqai, Sadaf Zaman , Muhammad Rizwan Mahmud ,Mohammad Ali Khalid ,Aqsa Zahid,Sadaf Khalid,Irum Kabir,  Shehzad Manzoor, Haider Zaigham Baqai

summary:
  The relationship between Vitamin D supplements and Progression to DHF was significant, X2 (2, N=170) =16.43, p= 0.000. Albuquerque LM, Trugilho MRO, Chapeaurouge A. Two- dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (DiGE) analysis of plasmas from dengue fever patients.


id: jrmc02-1611
author: Sidra Saleem, Sidra Saleem
title: COVID-19 Vaccine, Myths, and Facts
date: 2021-03-30
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 853
sentence: 60
flesch: 63
cache: cache/jrmc02-1611.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1611.txt
summary:
  However, there has been some misinformation regarding COVID-19 vaccine formulations, uses, side effects, and effectiveness. The good news is there finally, as a result of collaboration between scientists and pharmaceutical companies many vaccines have been developed and massive immunization programmes have been in effect.


id: jrmc02-105
author: Arslan Shahzad ,Inayatullah Khan Adil, Mashood Ali, Muhammad Osama ,Mahrukh Laghari, Zain Sharif
title: Gastric Outlet Obstruction – An Etiological Breakup
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2064
sentence: 138
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-105.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-105.txt
summary:
  Post caustic gastric outlet obstruction has emerged as the second most common(35.9%) cause. Methods: In this descriptive study patients with gastric outlet obstruction were included .All


id: jrmc02-1630
author: Anam Zafar , Nahdia Zaman , Sonia Fazal
title: COVID-19 leading to amputation in an eleven-year-old: A Case Report
date: 2021-08-31
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1629
sentence: 95
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-1630.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1630.txt
summary:
  Galanis N, Stavraka C, Agathangelidis F, Petsatodis E, Giankoulof C, Givissis P. Coagulopathy in COVID-19 infection: a case of acute upper limb ischemia. Here, we report a case of 11 years old child who developed gangrene of bilateral lower limbs after mild COVID-19 illness that ended in below-knee amputation.


id: jrmc02-113
author: Muhammad Kamran, Qammar Mirza, Zia ul Haq, Ashar Alamgir, Muhammad Musharaf Baig
title: Foreign Bodies in Ear, Nose and Throat - A Clinical Audit
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1867
sentence: 148
flesch: 62
cache: cache/jrmc02-113.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-113.txt
summary:
  Out of all patients 37 (43.52%) presented with ear foreign bodies, 25 patients (29.4%) presented with nasal cavity foreign bodies, 23 patients (27.05%) presented with throat (oropharyngeal / hypopharyngeal) foreign bodies. Conclusion: Foreign bodies remain a major concern in ENT practice .Majority of children were children Key Words: Foreign bodies, Ear, Nose, Throat Introduction A foreign body (FB) is an object or piece of exogenous material that has entered body by accident or design in a region where it is not meant to be and can cause damage by its presence if immediate medical attention is not sought.1 A foreign body of ENT is an object which lodges into a craniofacial orifice which includes the ear, nose, or throat.


id: jrmc02-1773
author: Haitham Akaash, Fatima Shahid, Nousheen Qureshi, Nayer Ayub, Asmara Hussain, Sundas Masood
title: Castleman Disease Mimicking Neurogenic Tumor Radiologically: A Case Report
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1713
sentence: 120
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-1773.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1773.txt
summary:
  Nil Funding Source: Nil Access Online: Abstract Introduction: Castleman disease which is also called giant lymph node hyperplasia is an uncommon benign B cell lymphoproliferative A postoperatively histopathology sample was sent which was identified as a case of Castleman disease.


id: jrmc02-1019
author: Sidra Masood, Mudassar Sharif Bhatti, Sidra Masood, Mudassar Sharif Bhatti
title: A Rare Case of Tuberous Sclerosis with Giant Cell Astrocytoma
date: 2022-03-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1894
sentence: 134
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-1019.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1019.txt
summary:
  Tuberous sclerosis complex and its founders. Genetics of tuberous sclerosis complex: implications for clinical practice.


id: jrmc02-1258
date: 2020-06-26
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2740
sentence: 185
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-1258.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1258.txt
author:
  Faisal Wahid , Aftab Hussain , Faiz-ur-Rehman , Obaid-ur-Rehman , Faisal Wahid , Aftab Hussain , Faiz-ur-Rehman , Obaid-ur-Rehman 

title:
  Comparison of Rocuronium and Succinylcholine for Rapid Sequence Induction in patients undergoing surgery under General Anaesthesia: Rocuronium vs Succinylcholine for rapid sequence indcution

summary:
  134-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1258 Conflict of Interest: Nil Funding Source: Nil Access Online: Abstract Objectives: To compare the frequency of excellent intubation condition with Succinylcholine and rocuronium for rapid sequence induction in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Conclusion: It has been proved in our study that both the succinylcholine and rocuronium are statically equally effective in terms of excellent intubation conditions in the management of rapid sequence induction in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.


id: jrmc02-1764
author: Romana Bibi, Rafi Ullah, Muhammad Izhar, Sijad ur Rehman, Kainat Sheikh, Kalsoom Essa Bhattani
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2311
sentence: 150
flesch: 47
cache: cache/jrmc02-1764.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1764.txt
title:
  Cathetar Related Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Single Centre Study

summary:
  A maximum number of pathogens were sensitive to intravenous meropenem (65%) given in table 4 and oral foscin (55%).5,8 The spectrum of urinary tract pathogens isolated from urine samples in this study is similar to the findings of Nicolle LE et 3. Tessema B, Kassu A, Mulu A, Yismaw G. Predominant isolates of urinary tract pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Gondar University Teaching Hospital, northwest Ethiopia.


id: jrmc02-103
author: Faryal Azhar, Tausief Fatima, Tabinda Aqsa, Usman Qureshi, Gohar Rasheed, Jahangir Sarwar Khan
title: Pattern of Breast Cancer Presentation
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2315
sentence: 155
flesch: 63
cache: cache/jrmc02-103.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-103.txt
summary:
  Mujagić S, Burina M, Mustedanagić-Mujanović J. The importance of combining of ultrasound and mammography in breast cancer diagnosis. Breast cancer were 236(11.90%).


id: jrmc02-1658
author: Faryal Noman, Nusrat Noor; Rabiah Anwar, Rabiya Akbar; Khan Muhammad Yaqub
date: 2021-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3234
sentence: 177
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-1658.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1658.txt
title:
  Comparison of frequency of low APGAR score in babies born to normotensive patients with and without hyperuricemia in a tertiary care hospital

summary:
  At normal physiologic concentrations, excellent anti-oxidant activity is exhibited by uric acid, but in the case when uric acid exceeds normal levels in plasma, oxidative damage is triggered. Though not proven, the circulating uric acid may be directly responsible for the adverse fetal outcome rather than these effects being observed due to pre-eclampsia and other diseases indirectly.9 It has been shown that uric acid freely crosses the placenta.


id: jrmc02-1734
author: Saima Naseem, Ambreen Fatima, Sahar Iqbal, Fatima Fasih, Syed Talha Naeem, Uzma Bukhari
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2787
sentence: 196
flesch: 45
cache: cache/jrmc02-1734.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1734.txt
title:
  Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin, effective oral empirical treatment options against multidrug resistant Escherichia coli

summary:
  Both maintain high urinary concentration and minimal toxicity in comparison to newer antibiotics and have been considered as safe and effective drugs for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women.7 With this background, a study is designed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of E. coli which may help in prescribing effective empirical treatment of urinary tract infection. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v25i4.1734 Conflict of Interest: Nil Funding Source: Nil Access Online: Abstract Objective: The present study is designed to monitor the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli to assist in forecasting empirical therapy of urinary tract infection.


id: jrmc02-111
author: Uzma Saeed and Naveed Muzhar
title: Correlating Serum Beta hCG Levels with Transvaginal Sonographic Features of Ectopic Pregnancy
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2729
sentence: 192
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-111.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-111.txt
summary:
  The βHCG levels were significantly correlated with EP volume (tau b = 0.252, p value <0.0001, n = 204) but these were not correlated significantly with the gestational age (tau b = -0.042, p value = 0.423, n = 204). Only the patients who had confirmation of EP via both TVS and HP were included in the study and serum βHCG levels were obtained.


id: jrmc02-1161
date: 2020-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2714
sentence: 155
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-1161.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1161.txt
author:
   Tabassum Aziz , Nousheen Qureshi , Mahwash Khawaja , Rida Ulfat , Tahir Muhammad , Anum Malik ,  Tabassum Aziz , Nousheen Qureshi , Mahwash Khawaja , Rida Ulfat , Tahir Muhammad , Anum Malik 

title:
  Comparison of effectiveness of 7.5% Povidone-iodine with 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine in Otomycosis

summary:
  It is common in a hot and humid climate like the south Asian region, mostly in people belonging to lower socioeconomic backgrounds.³ The most common causative agent isolated from Otomycosis patients is from the genus Aspergillus followed by Candida Species. Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of Otomycosis.⁸ Antifungals from the Azole class seem to be the most effective, followed by Nystatin and Tolnaftate.¹² 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine have been used for effective treatment of Otomycosis for a long time in the medical field.¹º Nneenia Mgbor et al used Clotrimazole in a comparative study in Nigeria and found it to be an effective drug.¹¹ Recently some researchers have also studied the efficacy of Povidone-iodine in Otomycosis treatment.


id: jrmc02-1152
title: Prevalence of raised Alanine Amino transaminase (ALT) in pregnant mothers: A Cross-sectional Study
date: 2020-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3429
sentence: 221
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-1152.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1152.txt
author:
   Tabinda Khalid , Rubaba Abid Naqvi , Nisar Ahmed Malik , Hamna Sarwar ,  Tabinda Khalid , Rubaba Abid Naqvi , Nisar Ahmed Malik , Hamna Sarwar 

summary:
  Mean ALT levels were 54.1 ± 6.94, 71.28 ± 23.25, 84.22 ± 27.82, 231.5 ± 47.37 respectively. One way Anova, with a Post hoc test (welch’s test) was applied to see the statistical significance in ALT levels among various groups.


id: jrmc02-15
title: Development of Fundal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients after Eradication of Esophageal Varices
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2436
sentence: 121
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-15.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-15.txt
author:
  Muhammad Ajmal, Syed Muhammad Ali Shah, Mobeen Hussain Kayani, Waqar Akhtar, Muhammad Ajmal, Syed Muhammad Ali Shah, Mobeen Hussain Kayani, Waqar Akhtar

summary:
  Sample size was calculated to be 150 patients using 95% confidence level with 5% margin of error with an expected percentage of new fundal varices in 16% of patients after band ligation.5 Non-probability consecutive sampling method was used and patients who had liver cirrhosis with the history of upper GI bleed and esophageal varices of grade F2 and F3 but absence of fundal varices on endoscopy were included in study. SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(3): 197-200 197 Original Article Development of Fundal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients after Eradication of Esophageal Varices Muhammad Ajmal, Syed Muhammad Ali Shah, Mobeen Hussain Kayani, Waqar Akhtar Department of Medicine,Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital Gujrat Abstract Background: To analyze the development of fundal varices in cirrhotic patients after eradication of esophageal varices Methods: In this observational study 150 patients of liver cirrhosis, with the history of upper gastrointestinal tract bleed and esophageal varices of grade F2 and F3 but absence of fundal varices, were included.


id: jrmc02-1476
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2842
sentence: 164
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-1476.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1476.txt
author:
  Faiza Zeeshan, Fakhur Uddin, Bahram Khan, Talat Zehra, Sadaf Razzak, Zareen Irshad, Faiza Zeeshan, Fakhur Uddin, Bahram Khan, Talat Zehra, Sadaf Razzak, Zareen Irshad

title:
  A clinico-mycological spectrum of superficial mycoses of scalp in pediatric population: A clinico-mycological spectrum of superficial mycoses of scalp

summary:
  The mycoses of the scalp are mainly amalgamated with tinea infections, commonly termed as tinea capitis. The etiologic agents of tinea capitis are Trichophyton and Microsporum species of dermatophytes.


id: jrmc02-1653
title: Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmologists
date: 2021-08-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2891
sentence: 201
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-1653.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1653.txt
author:
  Wajeeha Rasool , Kanwal Zareen Abbasi , Maria Zubair ,Misbah Munshi ,Rehmah Sarfraz , Fuad A K Niazi

summary:
  The results showed compliance towards statements and harmony amongst opinions, thus endorsed that COVID-19 has a definitive impact on the professional lives of ophthalmologists COVID-19 has influenced the professional lives of ophthalmologists. But fortunately, health workers were not found to be the main source of transmitting covid to families.22 41.18% of respondents disagree with the idea of leaving the job and show optimism, despite ophthalmology practice being badly affected globally.23 Statements 16 to 20 were related to patient care 51.47% of our respondents agreed that patient care during COVID-19 has deteriorated.


id: jrmc02-115
author: Nausheen Qureshi , Nighat Arif
title: Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery( FESS)
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2464
sentence: 141
flesch: 49
cache: cache/jrmc02-115.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-115.txt
summary:
  Abstract Background: To study the management of the patients of various nasal and para nasal sinuses diseases with endoscopic sinus surgery in terms of age, gender, disease pattern, surgical procedures, complications and recurrence rate. Conclusion: Endoscopic sinus surgery is the standard of care in modern rhinology and more work is required in our country to promote its training and use for the betterment of patients.


id: jrmc02-107
author: Ammara Ijaz ,Khalid Aslam , Azhar Mubarik
title: Total Knee Replacement –Histopathological Patterns
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1760
sentence: 105
flesch: 37
cache: cache/jrmc02-107.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-107.txt
summary:
  Key-words: Total knee replacement, Osteoarthritis, Joint Introduction Total knee replacement is safe and effective procedure when nonsurgical treatments like medications and using walking supports are no longer helpful. Osteoarthritis cartilage 2009;17(3):304-12. 19.


id: jrmc02-1711
author: Salma Ambreen Shahab, Iram Tassaduq, Ayesha Haque, Aqsa Naheed, Maleeha Zafar, Iram Zakria
date: 2021-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3746
sentence: 239
flesch: 46
cache: cache/jrmc02-1711.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1711.txt
title:
  Study of the Factors that Influence the Completion of the Thesis of Master of Health Professions Education Graduates: A Qualitative Study

summary:
  Conclusion: Several factors were identified which influenced thesis completion among the graduates of MHPE in Pakistan. Along with coursework, thesis completion is a major requirement to complete the course.


id: jrmc02-1717
author: Ahmad Ussaid, Farwa Pervaiz, Wajid Ali Rafai, Faisal Amin Baig, Sarwat Hassan Syed, Ahsan Masud
title: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Final Year Medical Students: Single Center Study
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3262
sentence: 191
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-1717.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1717.txt
summary:
  The impact of COVID-19 was assessed on hospital clinical rotations, medical written exams, OSPEs, and clinical ward tests for final year medical students and their preparedness for final year professional examination and house jobs. (a-d), n = 112 A B C D 503 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2021; 25(4): 499-506 Figure 2: Stacked bar chart of Likert questions illustrating answers by Final year medical students on: supplemented learning following earlier assistance in hospitals, confidence in earlier assistance, satisfaction with COVID-19 precautions, and level of preparedness for exams due to these precautions Table 1


id: jrmc02-1443
author: Abdul Rasheed Qureshi ,Zaheer Akhtar ,Muhammad Irfan ,Muhammad Sajid ,Zeeshan Ashraf
title: Diagnostic value of HRCT-Thorax for pandemic COVID-19 pneumonia in Pakistan
date: 2020-08-13
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4379
sentence: 287
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-1443.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1443.txt
summary:
  Chest X-ray PA view is limited in its ability to detect the early involvement of lung with COVID- 19 infection.5 In contrast, HRCT-Thorax has been reported as a good tool for evidence-based diagnosis in the current epidemic, providing immediate results with high sensitivity and adequate specificity for COVID-19 pneumonia and the extent of pulmonary disease.6-7 HRCT-thorax can play a pivotal role by identifying the early phase lung infection and have been recommended as major evidence for clinical diagnosis in China.8 Current researchers have reported the sensitivity of HRCT for COVID-19 infection more than 90% as compared to PCR around 60-70%. The presentation of COVID-19 disease ranges from mild to an extensive disease requiring mechanical ventilation.


id: jrmc02-1310
date: 2020-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3553
sentence: 207
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-1310.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1310.txt
author:
   Saba Mushtaq , Sohail Ashraf , Lubna Ghazal , Rida Zahid , Basharat Hussain , Jamil,  Saba Mushtaq , Sohail Ashraf , Lubna Ghazal , Rida Zahid , Basharat Hussain , Jamil

title:
  Bacteriological Profile and their Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital in Wah

summary:
  Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple symptoms and signs of infection during the first month of life. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of commonly isolated bacteria from patients of neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns in POF hospital at Wah. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in POF Hospital Neonatal intensive care unit and Microbiology laboratory from January 2018 to December 2019.


id: jrmc02-1715
author: Syed Fahd Shah, Zahid Mehmood Minhas, Malik Jawad Faisal, Syed Hussain Shah, Syed Zubair Shah
title: Inguinal Hernia Repair on Day Care Basis During Global COVID-19 Pandemic
date: 2021-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3549
sentence: 269
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-1715.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1715.txt
summary:
  British National Health Services criteria for COVID-19 surgical patients were used.7 All adult patients (preferably above 50 years) were included in the study who had persistent pain, irreducible hernia, or increase risk of obstruction. Inguinal hernia surgery can be performed under local anesthesia on a daycare basis in the selected group of patients taking all necessary precautions for COVID-19.


id: jrmc02-1416
title: Meeting the Challenge of COVID-19 in DHQ Orthopaedic Department
date: 2020-08-13
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2934
sentence: 159
flesch: 51
cache: cache/jrmc02-1416.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1416.txt
author:
  Obaid ur Rahman , Nayyar Qayyum, Afzaal Aleem Khan, Mohammad Ammar Aslam, Zohaib Haider, Obaid ur Rahman , Nayyar Qayyum, Afzaal Aleem Khan, Mohammad Ammar Aslam, Zohaib Haider

summary:
  Patients were guided about Rehabilitation and wound care at home.5 COVID STATUS OF PATIENTS Being a public sector hospital neither the hospital nor the patient could afford the cost of PCR Tests for each of our patients being operated. Only trauma and urgent tumor surgery patients were admitted.


id: jrmc02-254
author: Shahnila Nadir ,Nida Qasim,Ansa Rabia
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3161
sentence: 207
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-254.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-254.txt
title:
  The Effect of Ferrous Sulphate on the Gross and Histological Changes in the Body of Gastric Mucosa of Adult Albino Rats

summary:
  Iron sulphate (FeSO4) is the most commonly administered drug to overcome iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy and post partum period and is an important constituent of nutrition for growth of children and adultsIron is an important metal and is considered to be an integral part of many proteins as haemoglobin and myoglobin. To make a model comparable to humans as there is little compliance to multivitamins, iron sulphate was given once a day in morning with empty stomach to observe the maximal effect.


id: jrmc02-18
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2086
sentence: 150
flesch: 61
cache: cache/jrmc02-18.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-18.txt
author:
  Saima Khurshid Ahmed, Rubina Ashraf , Lubna Ejaz Khaloon, Saima Khurshid Ahmed, Rubina Ashraf , Lubna Ejaz Khaloon

title:
  Comparison of Sublingual Misoprostol and Manual Vacuum Aspiration for the Treatment of Incomplete Abortion in First Trimester in Terms of Frequency of Decreased Haemoglobin Levels

summary:
  Women in misoprostol group were more willing to re use the method next time and were satisfied with the entire procedure.17 18 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(3): 208-210 210 Fateen et al. and Madden et al reported that misoprostol group is associated with less complications as compared to MVA.10 19 Other studies have reported that for uncomplicated incomplete abortion in first trimester MVA and misoprostol are equally effective, safe and acceptable to the patients. Sochet et al. reported their mean age in misoprostol group was 28.1±7.2 SD while in MVA group mean age was 28.7±7.1SD.14 15In our study mean fall in hemoglobin level <1g/dl from baseline level was reported in misoprostol group while a mean fall of <0.5g/dl from baseline level was reported in MVA group.


id: jrmc02-2075
author: Jahangir Sarwar Khan, Jahangir Sarwar Khan
title: The Journey of Postgraduate Education in Pakistan
date: 2022-10-27
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 821
sentence: 45
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-2075.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2075.txt
summary:
  Most teaching posts in the country were occupied by western trained doctors and most students preferred going abroad, especially to the United Kingdom for training. This resulted in the creation of limited teaching posts as well as training slots in most institutes.


id: jrmc02-117
author: Munir Amjad Baig, Nadir Mehmood, Muhammad Hamaza, Rabeeya Munir
title: Dry Eye Disease in Younger Age
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2513
sentence: 175
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-117.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-117.txt
summary:
  Dry eye tests like tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), Schirmers test (ST) and slit-lamp examination for presence of conjunctival injection, punctate epithelial erosions (PEE), lid margins plugging and telengiectasias were used to diagnose dry eye. It is similar with one study showing that 18.7% of subjects younger than 20 years have dry eye symptoms compared to 30.1% of adults.18Among younger age group (18- 40years), computer users of longer duration, both office workers and students, were having dry eye symptoms more than other.19 This study showed that the subjects using computers for longer time had more ocular complaints.


id: jrmc02-1804
author: Din, Mohi Ud; Shahid, Umer; Qudoos, Abdul; Ahmed, Roman; Sohail, Muazzama; Javed, Saima
title: Covid-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among medical students of Faisalabad
date: 2023-06-24
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3940
sentence: 228
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-1804.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1804.txt
summary:
  A study done by Amar Ibrahim Omer Yahia et al showed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was higher among women and those living in urban areas.15 These results are similar to our study where female participants and urban dwellers showed more resistance to vaccination. Threat of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: the need for measures to neutralize misleading narratives.


id: jrmc02-1815
date: 2022-10-26
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3819
sentence: 249
flesch: 38
cache: cache/jrmc02-1815.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1815.txt
author:
  Lubna Ghazal, Saba Mushtaq, Sohail Ashraf, Saima Rafique, Muhammad Bilal, Naila Iqbal, Lubna Ghazal, Saba Mushtaq, Sohail Ashraf, Saima Rafique, Muhammad Bilal, Naila Iqbal

title:
  Evaluation and Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococci Isolated From Clinical Specimens in POF Hospital, Wah Cantt.

summary:
  Resistant 51(56.0%) 40(44.0%) Linezolid Susceptible 90(50.0 %) 90(50.0 %) 1.000 Resistant 2(50.0 %) 2(50.0 %) Meropenem Susceptible 0(0 %) 86(100 %) 0.000 Resistant 64(52.5%)


id: jrmc02-1913
author: Rahman Rasool Akhtar, Riaz Ahmed, Omair Ashraf, Rahman Rasool Akhtar, Riaz Ahmed, Omair Ashraf
date: 2022-03-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3296
sentence: 196
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-1913.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1913.txt
title:
  Outcome of Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Treated by Proximal Femoral Nail in a Tertiary Care Hospital

summary:
  Conclusion: Proximal Femoral Nail is a good choice implant for the fixation of subtrochanteric femur fractures leading to a high rate of union, fewer implant-related complications, and excellent functional outcomes. 142 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(1): 141-145 Introduction Strong deforming stresses at the fracture site, a shaky blood supply, and enormous load-bearing forces exerted through the peri-trochanteric region make subtrochanteric femur fractures challenging to treat.


id: jrmc02-2077
date: 2022-10-27
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3181
sentence: 186
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-2077.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2077.txt
author:
  Eruj Shuja, Sadia Daaniyal, Osama Mushtaq, Naseer Ahmed, Ammarah Afreen, Zarah Afreen, Eruj Shuja, Sadia Daaniyal, Osama Mushtaq, Naseer Ahmed, Ammarah Afreen, Zarah Afreen

title:
  Comparison of Efficacy of Halstead and Vazirani Akinosi Block Technique in Achieving Mandibular Anesthesia

summary:
  Unsuccessful (%) p- value Halstead technique 73.3% 26.7% <0.001 Vazirani akinosi technique 96.7% 3.3% 172 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(2): 169-173 Discussion This study was done to compare the efficacy of the Halstead block and Vazirani Akinosi block technique. Vazirani Akinosi technique was successful in 29(96.7%) and unsuccessful in 1(3.3%) patients.


id: jrmc02-2122
author: Nadia Mumtaz, Qaiser Shehzad Humayoun, Israr Liaquat, Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Hafeez, Hifza Zeb,
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3072
sentence: 217
flesch: 45
cache: cache/jrmc02-2122.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2122.txt
title:
  Bacteriological Spectrum of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection and Its Drug Sensitivity and Resistance Pattern

summary:
  Amoxicillin Clavulanate NT 0% 100% Ceftriaxone NT 11% 89% Nalidixic acid NT NT Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 35% 65% 11% 89% Imipenam 20% 80% 22% 78% Ciprofloxacin 15% 85% 21 79% Ofloxacin 15% 85% 12% 88% Table 4: Frequency of Bacteriological Organism of Paediatric Patients with UTI By Age Groups Organism Age Groups (Years) P-Value 2-4 n=27 5-7 n=92 8-10 n=106 E.Coli 8(29.6%) 62(67.4%) 63(59.4%) 0.002 Klebisella 8(29.6%) 7(7.6%) 16(15.1%) 0.012


id: jrmc02-2120
author: Akhtar Nawaz, Fazl e Manan, Nasrum Minallah, Romana Bibi, Khalil Ur Rehman,
title: Comparison of Surgical Outcome of Open versus Laparoscopic Nephrectomy
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3881
sentence: 204
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-2120.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2120.txt
summary:
  Open nephrectomy was done in 40 patients and laparoscopic nephrectomy in 38 patients. Keywords: Open nephrectomy, laparoscopic nephrectomy, tumor, HTN, DM. 390 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(3): 389-394 Introduction Removal of a kidney is a common surgical procedure for a long.


id: jrmc02-1947
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4240
sentence: 300
flesch: 64
cache: cache/jrmc02-1947.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1947.txt
author:
  Muhammad Azeem-ur- Rehman, Muhammad Asim Saddique, Muhammad Bilal, Kashif Rauf, Komal Jabeen, Qudsia Anjum Qureshi, 

title:
  The frequency of stroke-acquired pneumonia in patients admitted to ICU with Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

summary:
  According to various studies done in the past on stroke patients, the frequency of stroke-acquired pneumonia ranged from 3.9 to 44% of cases that were admitted to the stroke units.20 In a prospective study, 412 patients with acute stroke were included.


id: jrmc02-2182
author: Salman, Basma; Jehangir, Fatima; Jahan, Aroosa; Aslam, Saira; Ansari, Nadra
date: 2023-06-24
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3129
sentence: 230
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-2182.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2182.txt
title:
  Occurrence of severe cognitive impairment in elderly individuals with poor glycemic control Vs elderly individuals with good glycemic control or no DM: a case control study”

summary:
  We aim to observe the occurrence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged 65 or above with poor glycemic control and compare it with similar age groups of individuals with no DM or good glycemic control. Hypoglycemia has been associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment.


id: jrmc02-25
title: Anti Chlamydial Antibodies in Women with Ectopic Pregnancy
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2818
sentence: 184
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-25.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-25.txt
author:
  Hina Bokhari   , Imtenan Shahid  , Farhan Rasheed   , Abbas Hayat, Hina Bokhari   , Imtenan Shahid  , Farhan Rasheed   , Abbas Hayat

summary:
  In another study, 59.1% of sampled population had more than once diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection prior to presentation with ectopic pregnancy. Similarly an Indian study has shown Chlamydia trachomatis infection rate 17.6% in tribal women.23


id: jrmc02-27
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2603
sentence: 172
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-27.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-27.txt
author:
  Muhammad Mujahid Sharif  , Adil Aziz Khan , Rayif Rashid Kanth  , Ali Tassadaq Hussain Minhas, Muhammad Mujahid Sharif  , Adil Aziz Khan , Rayif Rashid Kanth  , Ali Tassadaq Hussain Minhas

title:
  Impact of Time Taken on the Surgical Outcome of Extradural Hematoma in Patients with Road Traffic Accidents

summary:
  Methods: Sixty adult patients with history of road traffic accident with extradural hematoma on axial images of CT scan brain were included. Key Words: Extradural hematoma, Neurosurgical emergency, Time of surgery.


id: jrmc02-2246
author: Mubarak, Sadia; Riaz, Bushra; Ashfaq, Mehvish; Hamid, Sidra; Rasul, Amina; Shafiq, Mamoona
title: Effect of Reperfusion on Time Domain Parameters of Heart Rate Variability
date: 2023-04-01
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3875
sentence: 230
flesch: 49
cache: cache/jrmc02-2246.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2246.txt
summary:
  Nil Funding Source: Nil Abstract Objective: To compare the effect of reperfusion by measuring time domain parameters of heart rate variability before and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Keywords: Ischemia, Holter monitoring, coronary artery disease, Heart Rate Variability Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2023; 27(1): 225-230 226 Introduction According to the world health organization, ischemic heart disease due to coronary artery occlusion is the chief cause of death globally.1 Severe ischemia can alter electrical potentials which can quicken fatal ventricular arrhythmias which may lead to sudden cardiac arrest.2 Mostly fatal arrhythmia in ischemic heart disease patients results due to a disparity of the autonomic nervous system with the sympathetic multitude.3 Various noninvasive methods have been established to forecast these events in patients and diversify the high-risk patients of sudden cardiac arrest.4 These include signal-averaged electrocardiogram, Heart rate variability, Q-T dispersion, heart rate turbulence, and T-wave alternan.5 Heart rate variability (HRV) is a biological phenomenon defined as the chronological difference of heartbeat-to-beat variation in normal sinus rhythm.6 HRV is represented as variations in heart rate around the mean value.


id: jrmc02-28
author: Ambreen Gul , Ali Raza , Ambreen Gul , Ali Raza
title: Visual Outcome of Open Globe Injuries in Paediatric Patients
date: 2018-01-21
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2180
sentence: 180
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-28.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-28.txt
summary:
  Conclusions: Open globe injuries require emergency surgery as a standard of care. Key Words: Open globe injury, Visual outcome, Visual acuity.


id: jrmc02-32
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2697
sentence: 147
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-32.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-32.txt
author:
  Sumbal Rana, Jawad Zaheer, Ali Arslan Munir, Huma Fatima, Sumbal Rana, Jawad Zaheer, Ali Arslan Munir, Huma Fatima

title:
  Comparison of Ephedrine Versus Lidocaine in Reducing the Frequency of Pain on Propofol Injection during Elective Surgeries

summary:
  It reduces propofol injection pain by 30%.5Its exact mechanism of action is not known but is thought to be decreased neuronal conduction in peripheral nerves by attenuating the neuronal membrane's permeability to sodium ions or due to alteration in propofol's pH by adding HCl to it.3,5 Pain by lidocaine pretreatment with prior venous occlusion has failure rate of 24-37% and augments hypotension associated with propofol.5 Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic, used for its effects to counter hypotension and bradycardia. It is also buffered with HCl resulting in altered pH and decreased pain.4 Agarwal et al. found that ephedrine pretreatment did not reduce pain so there are conflicting evidences about ephedrine’s role in reducing propofol injection pain.


id: jrmc02-30
title: Harmonic Scalpel Hemorrhoidectomy Vs Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2600
sentence: 159
flesch: 51
cache: cache/jrmc02-30.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-30.txt
author:
  Muhammad Umer Fayyaz, Muhammad Salman Shafique, Jahangir Sarwar Khan, Raheel Ahmad , Sheikh, Muhammad Umer Fayyaz, Muhammad Salman Shafique, Jahangir Sarwar Khan, Raheel Ahmad , Sheikh

summary:
  The median number of analgesic ampoules during the first 24 h postoperatively was lower in the Ligasure and Harmonic Scalpel® groups (p < 0.001).15 Ramadan et al compared 54 consecutive cases between Harmonic Scalpel® and Milligan Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy, in his study duration of surgery was significantly higher in the MM group (p<0.0001). Because ultrasound is the basis for Harmonic Scalpel® Technology, no electrical energy is conducted to the patient.6 Harmonic Scalpel® Hemorrhoidectomy (HSH) has emerged to be a safe, rapid modality, with reduced blood loss and post-operative pain.


id: jrmc02-35
author: Junaid Khan, Riaz Ahmed, Tehreem Zahid, Rahman Rasool Akhtar
title: Risk Factors of Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2359
sentence: 182
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-35.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-35.txt
summary:
  Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.01) and Obesity (p=0.02) had a significant relation to post-operative infection. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(3): 253-256 254 and frequency of patients with post-operative infection were calculated.


id: jrmc02-41
author: Jais Kumar ,Ghiasuddin Butt ,Faran Maqbool
title: Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease in Family Members of Dialysis Patients.
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2229
sentence: 122
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-41.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-41.txt
summary:
  Family members of patients of all ages with history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, family history of chronic kidney disease, chronic pyelonephritis and autoimmune diseases were included. Other complications include anemia, malnutrition, bone disease, and depression The exact prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Pakistan is not clear in the absence of regular national registry data and provided only by small observation series or reports from personal experience, and the quality of data is quite uneven.


id: jrmc02-2076
author: Muhammad Waseem, Maryam Rafiq, Muhammad Waseem, Maryam Rafiq
date: 2022-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1627
sentence: 80
flesch: 46
cache: cache/jrmc02-2076.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2076.txt
title:
  Novel Disease but responding to an Old Drug: Role of Prolonged Corticosteroid Use in Prevention and Treatment of Post-Covid Interstitial Lung Disease (PC-ILD)

summary:
  Various treatment options are being considered for post-COVID ILD including corticosteroids, Pirfenidone, Nintedanib, and long-term oxygen therapy and lung transplantation.1 Figure 1: Post-COVID ILD in a 45 years diabetic Male Figure 2: Post-COVID ILD in a 56 years male Observations at COVID Management center Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal Several observations were made during the management of Post-COVID pneumonia cases in the COVID management center at Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Since there is no research-based internationally accepted strategy to prevent and treat Post-COVID ILD, a strategy based upon observations of treating pulmonologists was devised in the COVID management unit at Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal to prevent and treat Post COVID interstitial lung disease.


id: jrmc02-43
title: Predictors of Tuberculosis Treatment Default in Pulmonary
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2565
sentence: 194
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-43.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-43.txt
author:
  Khalid Mehmood  , Inaam Qadir Javed Hashmi  , Javed Akhtar Rathore , Muhammad Luqman Satti,  Khadeeja Tul Kubra Hashmi  , Shizza Khalid   , Abdur Rahman Hashmi, Khalid Mehmood  , Inaam Qadir Javed Hashmi  , Javed Akhtar Rathore , Muhammad Luqman Satti,  Khadeeja Tul Kubra Hashmi  , Shizza Khalid   , Abdur Rahman Hashmi

summary:
  2. High TB treatment default rate is most significant factor for the development of MDR-TB and high morbidity and mortality in TB treatment defaults. Factors identified to be associated with TB treatment default were male gender ,distance from the health post, displacement, financial constraints, no body at home to bring medicine or take patients to hospital, routes closed in winters, subjective improvement of symptoms and travelling /shifting to other place.


id: jrmc02-45
title: Relationship of Anthropometric Indices of Obesity with Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3172
sentence: 210
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-45.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-45.txt
author:
  Muhammad Sajid Mehmood, Kamil Asghar Imam , Shahida Parveen, Muhammad Sajid Mehmood, Kamil Asghar Imam , Shahida Parveen

summary:
  Zhou Z, Hu D, Chen J. Association between obesity indices and blood pressure or hypertension: which index is the best? Abstract Background: To determine the comparison and relationship of anthropometric indices with blood pressure and arterial stiffness index (ASI) in normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive male adults.


id: jrmc02-48
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3231
sentence: 183
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-48.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-48.txt
author:
  Sundas Ali, Asfa Zawar , Samina Tufail Amanat , Shahzad Ali Jiskani ,Aliena Sohail ,Humaira Rizwan, Sundas Ali, Asfa Zawar , Samina Tufail Amanat , Shahzad Ali Jiskani ,Aliena Sohail ,Humaira Rizwan

title:
  Use of Chorionic Villous Sampling for Prenatal Diagnosis of Beta Thalassaemia: Attitudes and Practices of Parents

summary:
  3.Specialized genetic counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis of thalassaemia child regarding family screening and prenatal diagnosis emphasizing on its long term benefits should be carried out. Department of Pathology, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Hospital, Islamabad Abstract Background: To assess the attitudes and practices of parents of Beta-Thalassaemia Major children regarding Chorionic Villous Sampling (CVS), as prenatal diagnosis in subsequent pregnancies.


id: jrmc02-1834
date: 2022-10-26
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2594
sentence: 163
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-1834.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1834.txt
author:
  Muhammad Saleem, Ashar Alamgir, Syeda Jamila Ali, Hafiz Sajjad Hyder, Sarwat Bibi, Sumara Tabassum, Muhammad Saleem, Ashar Alamgir, Syeda Jamila Ali, Hafiz Sajjad Hyder, Sarwat Bibi, Sumara Tabassum

title:
  Conventional Cold steel and Modern technique BiZact LigaSure for tonsillectomy: A comparative analysis

summary:
  The blood loss calculated in Group A patients who underwent BiZact LigaSure tonsillectomy was 0.39 0.15 and in Group B, 15.9 2.65. Post-operative pain was also recorded as a significant variable for BiZact LigaSure.


id: jrmc02-1814
author: Asif Maqsood Butt, Omaima Asif
title: A Viewpoint on Clinical Approach towards Assessment of Chronic Shoulder Pain
date: 2022-01-27
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3876
sentence: 227
flesch: 49
cache: cache/jrmc02-1814.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1814.txt
summary:
  Keywords: Shoulder pain, Differential diagnosis, orthopedic special tests. Shoulder pain accounts for around 16 percent of all musculoskeletal complaints and it is the third most common cause of bone and joints consultation in primary care.1 Shoulder problems can be divided into six major diagnostic categories including rotator cuff tendinosis, rotator cuff tears, adhesive capsulitis, glenohumeral osteoarthritis, glenohumeral instability, and acromioclavicular joint pathology.


id: jrmc02-34
author: Atiya Rahman ,Aisha Akhtar ,Saadia Tabassum ,Rana Shakil Ahmad
title: Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum with 10% Potassium Hydroxide Solution
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3207
sentence: 237
flesch: 61
cache: cache/jrmc02-34.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-34.txt
summary:
  Conclusion:10% KOH solution is an effective and well tolerated treatment for MC. No 16(57.1%) Duration of disease 8.57±9.36 Site of disease Head & neck 5(17.9%)


id: jrmc02-24
title: Effect of Intraumbilical Oxytocin on Duration of Third Stage of Labour
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2677
sentence: 147
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-24.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-24.txt
author:
  Tabinda Khalid , Nisar Ahmed Malik , Zainab Sarfraz  , Tabinda Khalid , Nisar Ahmed Malik , Zainab Sarfraz  

summary:
  Prick BW,Vos AA,Hop WC,Bremer HA .The current state of active third stage management to prevent postpartum hemorrhage:a cross sectional study. Medical student, Rawal Medical and Dental College Abstract Background:To determine the efficacy of intraumbilical oxytocin in reducing duration of third stage of labor, compared to routine active management of third stage of labor(AMTSL).


id: jrmc02-26
author: Ammara Dawood, Sadia Hanif, Madiha Khalid, Ammara Dawood, Sadia Hanif, Madiha Khalid
title: Association Between Placenta Previa and Preeclampsia
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2243
sentence: 147
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-26.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-26.txt
summary:
  It is also associated with PIH.9 Some studies reported the protective effects, other studies did show any associations, slightly increase in the incidence and significantly elevated incidence of spectrum of hypertension ranging from PIH to eclampsia in women with placenta previa.9, 10 Placenta previa was a significant protective factor of pre-eclampsia showing negative association.6, 9 In another Japanese study, Preeclampsia was observed in 0 and 4.1% of women with and without placenta previa, respectively.11, 12 But the impact of these changes is largely unknown.5 Validation of the above mentioned results in our local population i.e. reduced frequency of pre-eclampsia in patients with placenta previa may help us make certain management decisions. toApril 2015.Using 95% confidence interval and 80% power of study, taking frequency of pre-eclampsia 0% and 4.1% (7) in groups with and without placenta previa respectively, estimated sample size is 374 i.e. 187 in each group.


id: jrmc02-39
author: Salman Akram, Murtaza Gondal, Sumera Mushtaq, Uzma Rafiq, Furqan Ahmad, Mohammad Arshad
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3642
sentence: 195
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-39.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-39.txt
title:
  Effectiveness of Grade 1 and 2 Joint Mobilizations with Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) in Comparison with NSAIDS alone in Pain Management of Knee Osteoarthritis

summary:
  Emphasis of this therapy should be given to reduce knee joint pain, stiffness and improvement in physical function on various activities. Male and female patients between ages 35 to 65 years diagnosed with symptomatic OA of the target knee joint as evidenced by knee pain for at least 3 months (for at least 20 days of each month) and osteophytes confirmed by an x-ray taken within the last two years.


id: jrmc02-2118
author: Huma Riaz, Hamzullah Khan, Shahtaj Khan, Sadaf Chiragh,
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3046
sentence: 158
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-2118.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2118.txt
title:
  Reticulocyte Count and Platelet Count as Predictors of Morphological Remission/Hemopoitic Recovery in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) after Induction Chemotherapy

summary:
  No 34 3286+58 Table 3: Correlations of reticulocyte count and platelet count with the number of blast cells in remission cases after induction therapy Morphological remission Reticulocyte count Reticulocyte count rs -.312** p 0.004 N 84 Platelet Count rs -.367** .327** p 0.001 0.002 N 84 84 ** Similarly, TPR can also be used as a prognostic factor in leukemia.7 We could not find literature from Pakistan documenting the predictive roles of these hematological parameters in remission cases of ALL, therefore present study was designed to determine the predictive values of reticulocyte, ANC, and platelet count in remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia after induction therapy to avoid expensive (PCR, Immuno-histochemistry) and invasive (Bone marrow aspiration and trephine) procedures.


id: jrmc02-1963
author: Khan, Aleshba Saba; Sana, Aleeza; Sufian, Zarah; Afreen, Ammarah; Shakoor, Asma; Shuja, Eruj
date: 2023-06-24
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2883
sentence: 167
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-1963.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1963.txt
title:
  Prevalence Of Parafunctional Habits And Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms In Young Individuals Reporting To Watim Dental Hospital 

summary:
  doi.org/10.1080/08869634.2017.1399649 [17] AlWarawreh AM, AlTamimi ZH, Khraisat HM, Kretschmer W. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder symptoms among orthognathic patients in southern Germany: retrospective study. The prevalence of oral parafunctional habits among the study sample was quantified on a binary scale (yes/no) where nail-biting was observed to be highly prevalent (38%), followed by mouth breathing (27%).


id: jrmc02-2210
author: Sadaf, Maliha; Iqbal, Khansa; Ahmed, Saira; Sehar, Mehak; Waheed, Nabeela
date: 2023-06-24
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2877
sentence: 155
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-2210.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2210.txt
title:
  Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Daily Versus Weekly Oral Iron Supplementation In Preventing Anemia During Pregnancy 

summary:
  A prospective randomized longitudinal study in India showed that weekly iron supplementation is an effective option in non-anaemic pregnant women for prophylaxis of anemia9. Weekly iron supplementation is also associated with fewer side effects and better patient compliance.


id: jrmc02-33
author: Nadia Waqas ,Shazia Amir Khan , Aqsa Naheed , Zafar Iqbal Sheikh
title: Efficacy of Oral Zinc Sulphate in the Treatment of Recalcitrant Common Warts
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2279
sentence: 145
flesch: 53
cache: cache/jrmc02-33.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-33.txt
summary:
  In oral zinc sulphate group it was noted that only 6 (13.3%) patients had less than 50% reduction in no. of warts. Oral zinc sulphate is an effective treatment option for recalcitrant multiple viral warts.


id: jrmc02-29
title: Clinical Spectrum of Advanced Neuroblastoma
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2623
sentence: 136
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-29.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-29.txt
author:
  Alia Ahmad, , Nayla Asghar, Najaf Masood, Najamuddin, Fauzia Shafi Khan, Zunaira Rathore, Ahsan  Waheed Rathore, Alia Ahmad, , Nayla Asghar, Najaf Masood, Najamuddin, Fauzia Shafi Khan, Zunaira Rathore, Ahsan  Waheed Rathore

summary:
  No facility was available in our center for myeloablative chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue and immunotherapy for minimal residual disease to decrease relapse in high risk disease. High risk Neuroblastoma requires modern high-risk treatment regimens include five to six cycles of induction chemotherapy and surgery, consolidation therapy with high-dose therapy (HDT) with autologous hematopoietic stem-cell rescue and irradiation, and post consolidation therapy to treat minimal residual disease.


id: jrmc02-1906
title: Perception of Doctors towards Relationship with Pharmaceutical Industry
date: 2022-10-25
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6439
sentence: 259
flesch: 47
cache: cache/jrmc02-1906.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1906.txt
author:
  Mumtaz Ahmad, Neelam Zaka, Inayat ur Rahman, Sehrish Mumtaz, Mobina Ahsan Dodhy, Mumtaz Ahmad, Neelam Zaka, Inayat ur Rahman, Sehrish Mumtaz, Mobina Ahsan Dodhy; Lubna Meraj, Lubna Meraj

summary:
  321 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(2): 321-329 Original Article Perception of Doctors towards Relationship with Pharmaceutical Industry Mumtaz Ahmad1, Neelam Zaka2, Inayat ur Rahman3, Sehrish Mumtaz4, Mobina Ahsan Dodhy5, Lubna Meraj6 1 Professor, Azad Jammu Kashmir Medical College, Muzaffarabad, AJK. Cite this Article: Ahmad, M., Zaka, N., Rahman, I., Mumtaz, S., Dodhy, M.A., Meraj, L. Perception of Doctors towards Relationship with Pharmaceutical Industry.


id: jrmc02-1921
title: Sub-categorization of Pediatric Small Round Blue Cell Tumors using Immunohistochemistry
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4473
sentence: 342
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-1921.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-1921.txt
author:
  Muhammad Mudassar, Shireen Hamid, Muhammad Sarwar Zia, Sadia Hameed, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Asif Aleem, 

summary:
  One such scenario is small round blue cell tumors. Small round blue cell tumors of the sinonasal tract: A differential diagnosis approach.


id: jrmc02-31
author: Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Shafiq, Aleena Hassan, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Shafiq, Aleena Hassan
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2438
sentence: 149
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-31.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-31.txt
title:
  Haemodynamics during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Spinal Anaesthesia with Two Doses of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine (0.75%)

summary:
  This is in accordance with the study done by Shrestha BR et al.8Spinal anaesthesia is relatively easy to perform, has many advantages over general anaesthesia and allows the surgery to take place in the best possible conditions.15- 17 There are certain possible risks of spinal anaesthesia for prone position surgery like potential for higher blocks, limited access to airway if patients are not fully awake, uncomfortable position for surgeries of long periods, need of repositioning if critical events occur and inconvenient if spinal anaesthesia does not work. They concluded that three ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia is good enough for the surgery in prone position with relatively more hemodynamic safety as compared to the four ml of the same drug.


id: jrmc02-2123
title: Factors Leading to an Unexpected Early Control of Covid-19 in Pakistan
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3522
sentence: 193
flesch: 62
cache: cache/jrmc02-2123.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2123.txt
author:
  Sarwat Jahan, Abdus Salam, Farrukh Ansar, Manzoor Khan, Syed Irfab Ullah, Sonia Javed,  Sarwat Jahan, Abdus Salam, Farrukh Ansar, Manzoor Khan, Syed Irfab Ullah, Sonia Javed

summary:
  The main clinical symptoms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are fever, fatigue, dry cough, and muscle pain. There is currently no effective cure for Coronavirus disease, but early symptomatic and supportive treatment can help most patients recover from the infection. 87.8 2.2 10 K4.


id: jrmc02-639
author: Muhammad Ateeq , Shazia Jahan . Azhar Sajjad , Faisal .G. Bhopal
title: Management of Penetrating Chest Injuries
date: 2011-06-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1670
sentence: 129
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-639.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-639.txt
summary:
  Haemopneumothorax was the most frequent consequence of chest injury (58.20%)(Table 2) Out of total 926 patients of penetrating chest injuries 47.40% patients sustained multiple injuries in addition to chest injury. In present study the frequency of rib fracture was 9.39% , which is low due to the fact that we have included only patients with penetrating chest injuries, whereas as others have included patients with both penetrating and blunt chest injuries in their studies.


id: jrmc02-743
author: Muhammad Khurram, Ibrahim Mizhi Yong, Mian M Arshad, Hamama Tul Bushra Khar
title: Factors Affecting Relapse of Tuberculosis
date: 2009-06-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3558
sentence: 218
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-743.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-743.txt
summary:
  Nil Funding Source: Nil Access Online: Abstract Objective: To compare the frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour, and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket. Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Amniotic fluid index, Single deepest vertical pocket.


id: jrmc02-2121
author: Shabnam Tahir, Faiza Iqbal, Saima Jabeen, Asma Nawaz, Zunaira Arshad, Shazia Rasul,
date: 2022-09-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4734
sentence: 277
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-2121.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-2121.txt
title:
  Comparison of neonatal respiratory morbidity in neonates delivered at term by elective caesarean section with and without antenatal Corticosteroid

summary:
  395 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(3): 395-401 Original Article Comparison of neonatal respiratory morbidity in neonates delivered at term by elective caesarean section with and without antenatal Corticosteroid Shabnam Tahir1, Faiza Iqbal2, Saima Jabeen3, Asma Nawaz4, Zunaira Arshad5, Shazia Rasul6 1 Associate Professor, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Tahir, S., Iqbal, F., Jabeen, S., Nawaz, A., Arshad, Z., Rasul, S. Comparison of neonatal respiratory morbidity in neonates delivered at term by elective caesarean section with and without antenatal Corticosteroid.


id: jrmc02-936
author: none
title: Knowledge Among General Population of Rawalpindi, about Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)
date: 2018-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2498
sentence: 164
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-936.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-936.txt
summary:
  Ölschläger S, Gabriel M, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Meyer M. Complete sequence and phylogenetic characterisation of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus from Afghanistan. Sixty three percent had information about Congo fever.


id: jrmc02-53
title: Antibacterial Potentials of Human Urine at Acidic pH 5
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3560
sentence: 217
flesch: 41
cache: cache/jrmc02-53.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-53.txt
author:
  Mehveen Iqbal , Aqeel Ahmad, Ghulam Fatima , Ejaz Ahmed3 , Shakeel A. Khan , Saira Yahya, Mehveen Iqbal , Aqeel Ahmad, Ghulam Fatima , Ejaz Ahmed3 , Shakeel A. Khan , Saira Yahya

summary:
  Interestingly, organisms were mainly isolated from urine samples having pH >5.5. Microscopy was performed after centrifugation of urine samples for the presence of RBCs, pus cells, epithelial cells, casts and crystals.


id: jrmc02-712
title: Congenital Heart Diseases in Neonates
date: 2010-06-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1260
sentence: 87
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-712.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-712.txt
author:
  Rehan  Farooqui,Umme  Farha   Haroon   ,Allauddin Niazi, Nosheen Rehan,Tayaba Khawar Butt ,Manal Niazi

summary:
  In 162 confirmed cases, the frequency of congenital heart disease was 2.86%. Ventricular Septal Defect was the most common acyanotic lesion while Transposition of Greater Arteries was the most common cyanotic lesion Conclusion: Congenital heart diseases, being one of the commonest problem in newborns, requires early diagnosis, so that the affected child can get maximum medical support and benefit Key Words: Neonates, Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), Acyanotic, Cyanotic Lesion Introduction The incidence of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) in different studies varies from about 4/1,000 to 50/1,000 live births.1


id: jrmc02-52
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1974
sentence: 137
flesch: 47
cache: cache/jrmc02-52.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-52.txt
author:
  Mulazim Hussain , Nasira Bhatti ,Bilal Ahmad,Shagufta Husain, Mulazim Hussain , Nasira Bhatti ,Bilal Ahmad,Shagufta Husain

title:
  Bacteriological Spectrum and Sensitivity Pattern in Culture Proven Urinary Tract Infection in Children

summary:
  SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(3): 290-292 290 Original Article Bacteriological Spectrum and Sensitivity Pattern in Culture Proven Urinary Tract Infection in Children Mulazim Hussain 1, Bilal Ahmad 2, Nasira Bhatti 1, Shagufta Husain 1 1.The Children Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS),Islamabad;2.Department of Paediatrics , Railway Hospital and Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi Abstract Background: To determine the different types of organisms causing urinary tract infections in children and their sensitivity to antibiotics. In children who were admitted with clinical suspicion of urinary tract infection (fever, dysurea, pain abdomen, vomiting, unusual crying, poor weight gain, mal odorous urine etc.), a urine sample was carefully collected.


id: jrmc02-717
author: Muhammad Khurram , Najia Mahmood , Nadeem Ikram
title: Unintentional Poisoning: Experience at a Medical Unit
date: 2010-06-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1619
sentence: 125
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-717.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-717.txt
summary:
  Additionally we did not include other types of poisoning like deliberate self-poisoning which constitutes major bulk of poisoning patients.3 Characteristics of acute poisoning patients may be different in rural area which is under represented in the study. Dash SK, Raju AS, Mohanty MK, Patnaik KK, Mohanty S. Sociodemographic profile of poisoning cases.


id: jrmc02-44
author: Rizwana Anjum ,Sobia Nawaz , Somayyah Bibi
title: Breast Self Examination Practice and Awareness about Breast Cancer
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2060
sentence: 148
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-44.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-44.txt
summary:
  A Turkish study indicated that theoretical educations about breast cancer awareness and BSE training were quite helpful even in illiterate and low- educated women.19 Studies indicated that media continued to be an important source of information about breast cancer and BSE and highlighted the cooperation between public health educators and the media in dissemination of breast cancer information and BSE practices . When the respondents were asked about breast cancer in Pakistan, 15.1% said that they have heard about the disease .The respondents' knowledge of breast cancer symptoms was also studied.


id: jrmc02-47
author: Abdul Rauf ,Ammara Ejaz, Abdul Rauf ,Ammara Ejaz
title: Cytological Pattern of Salivary Gland Lesions
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3111
sentence: 192
flesch: 66
cache: cache/jrmc02-47.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-47.txt
summary:
  In spite of its inherent limitations and complex nature of salivary lesions, FNAC is a very useful investigation because it is safe, rapid, economical, least traumatic and contributes significant diagnostic information for better planning and management of cases.1,2,5 Soni D, Mathur K, Yadav A, Kumar V. Histopathological spectrum of salivary gland lesions.


id: jrmc02-74
author: Fouzia Aslam ,Zahoor Ahmad Rana,Muhammad Umar Farooq,Nida Qasim
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3133
sentence: 187
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-74.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-74.txt
title:
  Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury Caused by Coronectomy or Conventional Method in Third Molar Extractions

summary:
  Conclusion: Coronectomy is an effective procedure in significantly reducing the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injury when compared with traditional removal of wisdom teeth. Risk factor associated with inferior alveolar nerve injury is approximation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), to the apex of the root which can be predicted by certain radiographic features.


id: jrmc02-706
title: Clinico- haematological spectrum of females with inherited Bleeding Disorders
date: 2010-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3190
sentence: 182
flesch: 45
cache: cache/jrmc02-706.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-706.txt
author:
  Nadeem Ikram, Nadeem Ikram; Tahira Zafar, Tahira Zafar; Arshad Ali Sabir, Arshad Ali Sabir; Khalid Hassan, Khalid Hassan; Samina Zamanat, Samina Zamanat

summary:
  **** Department of Pathology , Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences , Islamabad ***** Department of Pathology, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Hospital, Islamabad Abstract Background: Inherited bleeding disorders in females are under-diagnosed, eventually leading to multiple problems. This situation is further worsened by the inadequate information , non – availability of diagnostic facilities and low awareness on the clinical side Methods: In this non – interventional descriptive study , females with inherited bleeding disorders were assessed.


id: jrmc02-50
title: Carrier Status of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
date: 2017-09-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2854
sentence: 157
flesch: 47
cache: cache/jrmc02-50.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-50.txt
author:
  Amna Tariq , Shireen Rafiq , Azad Ali Azad , Sophia Khan , Nauzhat Nauman, Amna Tariq , Shireen Rafiq , Azad Ali Azad , Sophia Khan , Nauzhat Nauman

summary:
  (2012) states higher carriage rate in nursing staff than clinical doctors which is in accordance to our study.31 Conclusion Health care workers are potential colonizers of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and may serve as reservoirs or disseminators of MRSA. High rates of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus have been reported by Badawi et al.(2001), and Kamp et al.(2003)but their studies showed much lower rates of MRSA carriage (26% and 5%; 33.8% and 0.7% respectively.23, 24 Higher nasal carriage rates (33% and 48%) for Staphylococcus aureus in the HCWs have been reported in two Pakistani studies.25, 26 The population sample for this study is also from Pakistan and shows a N=35 (39.77%) out of N=88 positive isolates for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, similar to the rate reported in the other two Pakistani studies.


id: jrmc02-97
author: Arshad Rafique , Muhammad Akram , Rizwan Asad Khan, Muhammad Fakhar-ul-Zaman
title: Birth Asphyxia - Clinical Experience and Immediate Outcomes
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2142
sentence: 154
flesch: 58
cache: cache/jrmc02-97.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-97.txt
summary:
  6 About 99% of neonatal mortality occurs in low and middle-income countries.7 In Pakistan neonatal mortality rate is 49/1000 live births accounting for 7% of the global neonatal deaths.8Its incidence in the developed countries is low(0.5-1/1000 live births) owing to better perinatal and antenatal care.9Sarnat and Sarnat staging system is a useful tool to assess the severity of hypoxia and to classify the degree of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).10Many local, regional and international studies have addressed antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum risk factors and their association with neonatal morbidity and mortality.11,12,13To decrease the grave consequences of this problem all inculcate preventive measures and advocate early interventions. Risk factor analysis in asphyxiated newborns and their outcome in relation to stage of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.


id: jrmc02-95
author: Hina Arif ,Umbreen Ahmed ,Shahid Ahmed , Komal Nadeem
title: Association of Hepcidin with Hepatitis C induced Diabetes Mellitus
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2339
sentence: 124
flesch: 40
cache: cache/jrmc02-95.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-95.txt
summary:
  Hepcidin reduces ferroportin-1 expression and enhances its activity at reducing iron levels. SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(1): 13-15 13 Original Article Association of Hepcidin with Hepatitis C induced Diabetes Mellitus Hina Arif 1, Umbreen Ahmed 1, Shahid Ahmed 2, Komal Nadeem1 1.Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi;2.Department of Medicine, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Abstract Background: To compare serum hepcidin levels of patients with hepatitis C induced diabetes mellitus with healthy controls Methods: Sixty individuals were included in the study.


id: jrmc02-747
author: Jamila and Khalid Hassan
title: Pattern of Bone Marrow Infiltration in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas
date: 2008-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3102
sentence: 168
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-747.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-747.txt
summary:
  This study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of bone marrow infiltration and morphology of atypical cells in freshly diagnosed patients of Non- Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHL). A total of 50 cases of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma diagnosed on tissue biopsy, and found to have bone marrow infiltration were randomly selected.


id: jrmc02-73
author: Ayesha Arshad , Aamir Ali Choudhry , Syed Jawwad Hussain ,Ijaz Latif , Ahmed Kalasra
title: Effect of Spectacle Centration on Stereoacuity
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3237
sentence: 174
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-73.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-73.txt
summary:
  Horizontal prismatic effect in right eye caused decline in the stereo-acuity with p-value 0.019. Highest number of individuals (42) had reduction of stereo-acuity within range of 20 – 100 minutes of arc having horizontal prismatic effect in the range of 0 – 1.49 in their right eyes.


id: jrmc02-805
author: Adil Aziz Khan, Soban Sarwar Gondal, Muhammad Mujahid Sharif, Muhammad Ali Tassaduq
date: 2017-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3239
sentence: 180
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-805.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-805.txt
title:
  Comparison of Decompressive Craniectomy and Multi-Dural Stabs with Decompressive Craniectomy and Open-Dural Flap Method, in the Treatment of Acute Subdural Hematomas

summary:
  In group A multiple linear dural incisions of about 5-8 mms long, in horizontal lines, parallel to vessels and 2-2.5 cm apart from each other,was made but in group B dural flap was opened and raised. SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2017;21(4): 339-343 339 Original Article Comparison of Decompressive Craniectomy and Multi-Dural Stabs with Decompressive Craniectomy and Open-Dural Flap Method, in the Treatment of Acute Subdural Hematomas Adil Aziz Khan, Soban Sarwar Gondal, Muhammad Mujahid Sharif, Muhammad Ali Tassaduq Department of Neurosurgery, DHQ Hospital and Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi Abstract Background: To compare the functional outcome between decompressive craniectomy and multi-dural stabs, with decompressive craniectomy and open- dural flap, in the removal of acute subdural hematomas .


id: jrmc02-99
author: Mushtaq Ahmad Mian1, Saleem Abbasi, Fazal Amin Khan ,Muhammad Usman
title: Association of Etiological and Pathological Features of Brain Abscess with Outcome
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2525
sentence: 165
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-99.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-99.txt
summary:
  Department of Neurosurgery , Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar; 2. Children Hospital, PIMS, Islamabad; 3 Department of Neurosurgery, Gaju Khan Medical College, Swabi Abstract Background: To study the etiological and pathological factors of brain abscess and to relate with the final outcome. Methods: In this observational study patients with brain abscess were observed in detail with the clinical profile, etiology, microbiology and their final outcome after one year.


id: jrmc02-838
author: HajiraSarwar, Inamullah Shah, Sajida Shah,Eitezaz Ahmad Bashir
date: 2018-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2658
sentence: 180
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-838.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-838.txt
title:
  Screening for Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Using Ankle-Brachial Index

summary:
  Arterial brachial index is able to dectect peripheral arterial disease in patients with coronary artery disease . So peripheral arterial disease often co-exists with symptoms of systemic atherosclerosis elsewhere, including cerebrovascular disease and coronary artery disease (CAD).


id: jrmc02-84
author: Ahsan Raza Shahzad, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Ali
title: Low Dose Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion for Post-Operative Pain in Open Cholecystectomy
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2610
sentence: 184
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-84.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-84.txt
summary:
  There is a growing body of data suggesting the role of lidocaine in pain management in the immediate post- operative period but data also suggests that although lidocaine reduces post-operative pain and analgesic requirement, it does not affect the length of hospital stay and discharge timing of the patient.8, 9Intravenous lidocaine should not be used in patients with arrhythmias, heart failure, coronary artery disease, Adams-Strokes or heart block and may be used with caution in patients with liver failure, sinusoidal bradycardia and incomplete branch block.14-17 Most common side-effects are in general mild and relate to central nervous system. Search for safe and effective modalities for post-operative pain relief has been of great interest for perioperative physicians.


id: jrmc02-77
author: Isfandyar Khan , Israr Liaquat , Qaisar Shahzad Humayyon
title: Association of Maternal Hypertension with Intrauterine Growth Retardation
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3963
sentence: 210
flesch: 33
cache: cache/jrmc02-77.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-77.txt
summary:
  In present study maternal hypertension was poorly associated with intrauterine growth retardation. Abstract Background: To find out the association of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) with maternal hypertension.


id: jrmc02-890
author: none
title: Effect of Lower Third Molar Status on Fracture of Mandibular Angle and Condyle
date: 2018-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3058
sentence: 172
flesch: 61
cache: cache/jrmc02-890.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-890.txt
summary:
  Absence of an impacted mandibular third molar increases the risk of condylar fractures while concomitantly decreasing the risk of mandibular angle fracture. 6,7Concurrently, it has been observed that the absence of an impacted M3 while decreasing the risk of mandibular angle fracture however increases the risk of mandibular condylar fracture.8 The calculation of this relative risk of mandibular condyle and angle fracture is significant because the treatment of condylar fracture is more challenging and associated with more surgical morbidity.9 The aim of this study was dual, firstly to determine whether the presence of impacted M3s affects the frequency of mandibular condylar and angle fracture and secondly to determine if this risk of fracture is also dependent on M3s position in the mandible.


id: jrmc02-811
date: 2017-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3183
sentence: 198
flesch: 49
cache: cache/jrmc02-811.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-811.txt
author:
  Sidra Manzoor , Rabia Waseem Butt  , Sidra Nadeem , Fazeela Farid , Manal Niazi , Sidra Manzoor , Rabia Waseem Butt  , Sidra Nadeem , Fazeela Farid , Manal Niazi 

title:
  Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Detection of Synovial Hypertrophy in Patients with Osteoarthritis

summary:
  Frequency of synovial proliferation in patients with osteoarthritis(on gold standard) was recorded in 30.67%(Figure 1-3;Table 3).Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the detection of synovial proliferation in patients with osteoarthritis by using MRI as the gold standard was calculated as 89.12%, 94.23%, 87.23%, 95.14% and 92.67% for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate. Frequency of synovial proliferation in patients with osteoarthritis(on gold standard) Synovial proliferation No. of patients %


id: jrmc02-87
author: Malik Shehryar , Zuhair Ali Rizvi ,Muhammad Osama ,Muhammad Tauseef Dildar ,Muhammad Umar
title: Catheter Related Infections in Medical Intensive Care Units
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2847
sentence: 149
flesch: 44
cache: cache/jrmc02-87.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-87.txt
summary:
  In our study central venous catheters inserted only at subclavian vein or internal jugular vein were included and Pseudomonas could not be isolated which is in accordance with the study done by Merrer et al.11 Infectious risk associated with arterial catheters compared with central venous catheters.


id: jrmc02-840
author: Kanwal Zareen Abbasi, Warda Ali, Qamar Farooq, Ali Raza, Ana Rizvi
title: Visual Outcome of Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
date: 2018-03-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3151
sentence: 147
flesch: 40
cache: cache/jrmc02-840.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-840.txt
summary:
  References 1. Khan A, Mahar PS, Hanfi AN, Qidwai U. Ocular complications after intravitreal Bevacizumab injection in eyes with choroidal and retinal neovascularization. Twenty six eyes (44.06%) with diabetic macular edema showed improvement while visual acuity was stabilized in 4 eyes (6.7%).


id: jrmc02-895
author: none
title: Evaluation of Levonorgestrel Subdermal Implant as Long Term Reversible Contraceptive
date: 2018-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2474
sentence: 159
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-895.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-895.txt
summary:
  SUMMARY Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2018;22(2): 164-167 164 Original Article Evaluation of Levonorgestrel Subdermal Implant as Long Term Reversible Contraceptive Taqdees Iftikhar, Jehan Ara, Humaira Arshad, Nadra Sultana Department of Gynae/Obs, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad Abstract Background: To study the reasons of acceptability, efficacy,short term and long term side effects of Levonorgestrel Subdermal implant as long term reversible contraceptive. Fifteen percent of users got SDI removed by end of 12 months, mainly due to above side effects.


id: jrmc02-713
author: Ayesha Afzal , Parveen Akhtar Tariq,Shehla Choudhry
title: Rota Virus Gastroenteritis in Children Upto Five years of Age
date: 2010-06-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2069
sentence: 125
flesch: 17
cache: cache/jrmc02-713.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-713.txt
summary:
  Rotavirus vaccine is an effective preventive measure available against rotavirus diarrhea. It is estimated that in Asia 171,000 children will die of rotavirus diarrhea, 1.9 million will be hospitalized and 13.5 million will require outpatient visit by the time Asian cohort reaches 5 years of age and medical cost will approximate $191million.


id: jrmc02-93
author: Ebrahim M. A
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5340
sentence: 376
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-93.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-93.txt
title:
  Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Prevalence of Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Campaign Disease Registry Results

summary:
  The prophylactic use of beta blockers is recommended for high risk patients, in view of its post-myocardial infarction protective effect on CV mortality. A higher incidence of silent myocardial infarction has been reported in T2DM patients with MAU compared to normoalbuminuria.


id: jrmc02-739
author: Khurram Mansoor, Syed Hamid Ali Shah, Liaqat Ali
date: 2009-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3181
sentence: 186
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-739.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-739.txt
title:
  Comparison of Anti Hypertensive Effect of Fixed Dose Enalapril and Losartan in Essential Hypertension

summary:
  Unsuccessful (%) p- value Halstead technique 73.3% 26.7% <0.001 Vazirani akinosi technique 96.7% 3.3% 172 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2022; 26(2): 169-173 Discussion This study was done to compare the efficacy of the Halstead block and Vazirani Akinosi block technique. Vazirani Akinosi technique was successful in 29(96.7%) and unsuccessful in 1(3.3%) patients.


id: jrmc02-748
author: Jawad Zahir, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Salman Maqbool, Muhammad Nadeem Khan
title: Nitrous Oxide in Oxygen and Air in Oxygen for Perioperative Analgesia : A Comparative study
date: 2008-12-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1785
sentence: 114
flesch: 50
cache: cache/jrmc02-748.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-748.txt
summary:
  It is difficult to judge or measure intra-operative pain as anaesthetist has to rely on different clinical signs e.g. tachycardia, raised blood pressure and sweating which are effected by other factors such as surgical stimulation, type of surgery and surgical incision.9,10 Many studies have been conducted to compare medical air with nitrous oxide in oxygen for general anaesthesia but none shows marked difference with respect to analgesia.11 A lot of work has been done in the past in the management of intra operative pain. Abstract Background: To determine that additional dose of nalbuphine is required while using medical air instead of nitrous oxide in oxygen to maintain anaesthesia so that inadequate intra-operative analgesia could be avoided.


id: jrmc02-708
author: Nasreen Qazi, Madiha Shah, Shaheen Shah, Manzoor Unar, Gulshan Ara Jalbani, Mahboob Ahmed Wagan
date: 2010-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2509
sentence: 140
flesch: 63
cache: cache/jrmc02-708.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-708.txt
title:
  Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, High Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose levels and the risk of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

summary:
  The prevalence of diabetes for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and to rise to 4.4% in 2030.1 The total number of individuals with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030.1Cardiovascular disease accounts for more than 70% of total mortality among patients with DM type 2.2 Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of DM type 2.3 Lifestyle factors, the main determinants of the disease, are physical inactivity and obesity.4 Results from prospective studies and clinical trials have shown that moderate or high levels of physical activity or physical fitness, as well as changes in lifestyle (dietary modification and enhanced physical activity) can prevent type 2 DM. In fact, decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance precede the development of clinical hyperglycemia.15 Epidemiologic evidence has shown that physical activity and body fat loss are of medical benefit, not just for preventing diabetes but also for cardiovascular health and quality of life.16 Regular physical activity is a crucial component of a healthy lifestyle.


id: jrmc02-772
title: Outcome of 2000 Cases of Phacoemulsification
date: 2007-06-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2983
sentence: 187
flesch: 56
cache: cache/jrmc02-772.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-772.txt
author:
  Badr-ud-din Athar Naeem, Badr-ud-din Athar Naeem; Rabia Bashir, Rabia Bashir; Shahzad Iftikhar, Shahzad Iftikhar; Khawaja Naeem Akhtar, Khawaja Naeem Akhtar; Abrar Raja, Abrar Raja; Rasheed Hussain Jaffri, Rasheed Hussain Jaffri; Mustafa Kamal Akbar, Mustafa Kamal Akbar

summary:
  In 88% (n=1760) of patients clear corneal incision, and in 12% (n=240) of patients scleral tunnel incision was given. Of total patients, 91% of patients kept their appointment for 8 weeks follow up.


id: jrmc02-96
author: Humaira Ali ,Bushra Riaz ,Aamna Khalil ,Khadija Qamar ,Fatima Shoaib
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2839
sentence: 157
flesch: 44
cache: cache/jrmc02-96.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-96.txt
title:
  Ameliorative Effects of Two Forms of Pomegranate on Glomerular Transvertical Diameter in Steroid- Induced Kidney Damage in Mice

summary:
  Experimental group C was also given PJ (3ml/kg body weight) by oral gavage tube daily for 8 weeks and experimental group D was given PPE (200mg/kg body weight) through oral gavage tube,daily for 8 weeks. Mice in these three experimental groups were injected ND (at the dose of 1 mg/100 gm body weight), as single I/M injection in the hind limb once a week for 8 weeks.10 After preparation, PJ was stored at-20°C after diluting with distilled water to volume of 1:3 and mice in experimental group C was also given PJ (at the dose of 3ml/kg body weight) by oral gavage tube daily for 8 weeks, and mice in experimental group D was given PPE (at the dose of 200mg/kg body weight) by oral gavage tube daily for 8 weeks.


id: jrmc02-808
author: Tariq Nawaz, Maryam Barkat, Muhammad Atif, Qasim Ali
title: Vascular Surprises in Calot’s Triangle during Laproscopic Choleystectomy
date: 2017-12-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2442
sentence: 176
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-808.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-808.txt
summary:
  Cystic artery variations in the form of number and position and length in term of frequency, difficult dissection and hepatic artery anomalies and variations were carried out with the help of descriptive statistics. This triangle is formed below by cystic duct, above by inferior border of liver and medially by common hepatic duct and cystic artery and lymph node lie within it.


id: jrmc02-892
author: none
date: 2018-06-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2331
sentence: 148
flesch: 59
cache: cache/jrmc02-892.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-892.txt
title:
  Comparison of Immediate Induction (Within 6 Hours) Versus Late Induction (After 24 Hours) in Terms of Mean PROM to Delivery Interval in Females Presenting with Term PROM

summary:
  Mackeen AD, Durie DE, Lin M. Foley plus oxytocin compared with oxytocin for induction after membrane rupture: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2. Naeye RL: Factors that predispose to premature rupture of the fetal membranes.


id: jrmc02-846
author: Muhammad Arham, Muhammad Arish, Jahangir Sarwar Khan
date: 2018-03-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2068
sentence: 131
flesch: 41
cache: cache/jrmc02-846.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-846.txt
title:
  Incidental Parasitic Infestations in Surgically Removed Appendices and its Association with Inflammation

summary:
  Panidis S, Paramythiotis D, Panagiotou D, Batsis G, Salonikidis S. Acute appendicitis secondary to Enterobius vermicularis infection in a middle-aged man: a case report. To determine the frequency and type of parasitic infestations in surgically removed appendices based on histopathological findings and to assess its association with inflammation.


id: jrmc02-810
author: Saad Riaz, Imtiaz Ahmed Shakir, Nadeem Kashmiri, Shehzad Anjum, Nayyar Qayyum
title: Steroid Injection as an Effective Treatment for Lateral Epicondylitis
date: 2017-12-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2854
sentence: 188
flesch: 57
cache: cache/jrmc02-810.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-810.txt
summary:
  Patients with lateral elbow pain having tenderness and painful resisted extension of wrist were diagnosed as having lateral epicondylitis. Frst described as a clinical entity by Runge in 1873, lateral elbow pain or Tennis elbow is also known by many other names like lateral epicondylalgia and lateral elbow tendinosis.


id: jrmc02-806
author: Aiyesha Humaira , Syed Samiullah
date: 2017-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2769
sentence: 142
flesch: 31
cache: cache/jrmc02-806.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-806.txt
title:
  Significance of Clinical and Laboratory Variables in Early Detection and Prognosis of Malignant Lymphoma

summary:
  Statistical analysis were performed by Student t-test and Pearson Chi Square test Results: Hepatosplenomegaly, Haemoglobin, CT scan chest abdomen and immunohistochemistry were found significant factors in patients diagnosed to have lymphoma with bone marrow involvement. Bone marrow involvement indicates stage IV disease and is indicative of poor prognosis.


id: jrmc02-85
author: Rakhshanda Toheed , Talha Bin Ayub , Hafiza Sidra Ali ,Faiza Ali
title: Prevalence of Menstrual Dysfunction and its Comparative Correlation with Anaemia
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2610
sentence: 161
flesch: 52
cache: cache/jrmc02-85.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-85.txt
summary:
  Regular/ irregular scanty menstruation (7.2%), irregular cycle with normal flow(6.6%), and heavy regular/ irregular heavy cycles were present in(19.3%).Heavy regular and irregular cycles are important contributory factors to adolescence anaemia especially in developing countries with gender bias and low socio-economic status among other contributory factors. Diet Veg 18(11.4%) 22(13.8%) 0.512 Non-veg 140(88.6%)


id: jrmc02-887
author: none
title: An Audit of Rigid Bronchoscopy
date: 2018-06-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2778
sentence: 169
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-887.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-887.txt
summary:
  Methods: In this descriptive study all patients undergoing rigid bronchoscopy were included. Key Words: Rigid bronchoscopy, Foreign body nose, Seasonal variation.


id: jrmc02-79
author: Syed Harris Hussain , Syed Muarraf Hussain, Nadeem Ikram ,Yasmin Badshah ,Kashif Asghar
title: Activity of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase (IDO) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Pakistan
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3291
sentence: 193
flesch: 48
cache: cache/jrmc02-79.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-79.txt
summary:
  IFN-γ is strongly associated with inflammation and IDO induction; consequently various others potent inducers are also present to induce IDO expression along with IFN-γ. Colorimetric Assay was performed to analyze IDO activity in samples.


id: jrmc02-83
author: Nadeem Kashmiri, Imtiaz Ahmed Shakir, Tehreem Zahid, Nayyar Qayyum
title: Pattern of Bimalleolar Ankle Fractures
date: 2017-06-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3334
sentence: 220
flesch: 63
cache: cache/jrmc02-83.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-83.txt
summary:
  To determine the pattern and outcome of bimalleolar ankle fractures . Methods: In this prospective observational study of 72 patients with bimalleolar ankle fractures were included and were followed up for 12 weeks.


id: jrmc02-742
author: Zafar Iqbal Malik, M.A.Nasir Malik, Omer Salahuddin, Muhammad Azhar, Omer Dilawar
title: Micro flora of Bile Aspirates in Symptomatic Cholelithiasis
date: 2009-06-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4158
sentence: 254
flesch: 54
cache: cache/jrmc02-742.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-742.txt
summary:
  This study aims at identifying hypomagnesemia as a predictor of COPD exacerbations. There were 93(52.8%) male and 83(47.2%) female cases with COPD exacerbation.


id: jrmc02-98
author: Gulbin Shahid ,Mahmood Jamal , Yasir Bin Nisar
title: Risk Factors of Subependymal Hemorrhage-Intraventricular Haemorrhage in Preterm Infants
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4612
sentence: 378
flesch: 60
cache: cache/jrmc02-98.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-98.txt
summary:
  White matter damage and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. BilićČače I, Milardović A, BabićBožović I, Kolak M. Risk factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Center Rijeka.


id: jrmc02-837
author: M A Ebrahim ,Zeeshan Hassan
date: 2018-03-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4735
sentence: 279
flesch: 55
cache: cache/jrmc02-837.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-837.txt
title:
  Prevalence of Essential Hypertension and Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk of Pakistani Adults in Outpatient Setting

summary:
  For each patient ≥30 years,Framingham risk scores were calculated (Models A and B, Suppl. The Framingham model employs either laboratory parameters (such as serum lipid levels) or non- laboratory parameters (such as body mass index and anthropometrics) for calculation of risk score.


id: jrmc02-94
author: Shahida Perveen,Hina Firdous, Muhammad Ali Khalid, Naseer Ahmed, Haider Zaigham Baqai
title: Relationship Between Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels and Dengue Severity
date: 2017-03-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2869
sentence: 255
flesch: 65
cache: cache/jrmc02-94.pdf
txt: txt/jrmc02-94.txt
summary:
  During hospital stay, 61.3% patients had Dengue fever (DF)while 39.7% patients developed dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).LDH levels were higher in patients with DHF(mean 618.38U/L±219)as compared to the patients with dengue fever (mean 316.45U/L±104).Mann Whitney U test showed the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Keywords: Lactate dehydrogenase, Dengue fever (DF), Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) Introduction Dengue is a vector borne disease epidemic with high morbidity and mortality.


# url

id: jrmc02-1414
domain: www.amaassn.org
url:
  https://www.amaassn.org/delivering-care/public-health/helping-privatepractices-navigate-non-essential-care-during-covid-19


id: jrmc02-16
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=sagnelli%20c%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26576083


id: jrmc02-16
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=adinolfi%20le%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26576083


id: jrmc02-16
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=sagnelli%20e%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26576083


id: jrmc02-16
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=stroffolini%20t%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19856477


id: jrmc02-1492
domain: www.sdcep.org.uk
url:
  https://www.sdcep.org.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2020/09/sdcep-mitigation-of-agps-indentistry-rapid-review.pdf(accessed


id: jrmc02-1492
domain: www.bda.org
url:
  https://www.bda.org/newscentre/blog/pages/sdcep-fallow-time-and-agps-what-youneed-to-know.aspx?utm_campaign=sdcep-fallow-timeagp&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social(accessed


id: jrmc02-1419
domain: www.who.int
url:
  https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/whodirector-general-s-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on2019-ncov-on-11-february-2020


id: jrmc02-1653
domain: www.beckershospitalreview.com
url:
  https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/finance/49-hospitalsfurloughing-workers-in-response-to-covid-19.html


id: jrmc02-1653
domain: www.healio.com
url:
  https://www.healio.com/news/ophthalmology/20200521/aao-covid19survey-shows-revenue-losses-for-private-practices


id: jrmc02-138
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=doubilet%20pm%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9646799


id: jrmc02-102
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=windhager%20r%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19858086


id: jrmc02-1650
domain: www.who.int
url:
  https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20201012-weekly-epiupdate-9.pdf


id: jrmc02-106
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=cekanauskas%20e%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12738907


id: jrmc02-106
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=degli%c5%abte%20r%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12738907


id: jrmc02-106
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=kalesinskas%20rj%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12738907


id: jrmc02-34
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=sterling%20j%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27269886


id: jrmc02-34
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=al-doukhi%20a%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19804497


id: jrmc02-34
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=al-farag%20s%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19804497


id: jrmc02-34
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=al-haddad%20a%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19804497


id: jrmc02-33
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=.+.+classification+of+papillomaviruses+(pvs)+based+on+189+pv+types+and+proposal+of


id: jrmc02-33
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=keogh-brown%20mr%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17326748


id: jrmc02-33
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=dermatologic+therapy+of+cutaneous+humantherapy%2c+vol.+17%2c+2004%2c+441%e2%80%93448


id: jrmc02-33
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=fontenelle%20e%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=19377755


id: jrmc02-2123
domain: www.who.int
url:
  https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-publichealth-emergency-of-international-concern-(pheic)-globalresearch-and-innovation-forum


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ijmm.org
url:
  http://www.ijmm.org/article.asp?issn=0255-0857;year=2003;volume=21;issue=1;spage=37;epage=42;aulast=anandkumar#ref12


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=nielubowicz%20gr%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20647992


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=chevalier%20i%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15466073


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=den%20elzen%20wp%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21575195


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=weichhart%20t%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=18826479


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=haidinger%20m%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=18826479


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=h%c3%b6rl%20wh%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=18826479


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=engstrand%20l%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11730365


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=shields-cutler%20rr%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=25861985


id: jrmc02-53
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=stapleton%20ae%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=25861985


id: jrmc02-52
domain: www.google.com
url:
  https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahukewj5tb-5sihxahwhpbqkhy4sbpsqfggtmae&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.medscape.com%2fviewarticle%2f447232_3&usg=aovvaw162zv632-cms7hhlf81c5z


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hern%c3%a1ndez%20c%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=16644643


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=genesc%c3%a0%20j%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=16644643


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=zaritsky%20jj%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=24204002


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=ferrari%20sm%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22611419


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=sansonno%20d%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22611419


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=antonelli%20a%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22611419


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=papatheodoridis%20gv%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20002304


id: jrmc02-95
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=koliaraki%20v%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20002304


id: jrmc02-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=unterscheider%20j%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=24360357


id: jrmc02-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=kennelly%20mm%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=24360357


id: jrmc02-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=mcauliffe%20fm%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=24360357


id: jrmc02-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=sadovsky%20ad%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27473678


id: jrmc02-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=matijasevich%20a%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27473678


id: jrmc02-77
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lemma:
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