144 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research Syntactic Analysis of Hiligaynun Visayan: Select Print Media Articles EVALYN M. PEDROSA https://orcid/0000-0003-3123-5374 evalyn.pedrosa@chmsc.edu.ph Carlos Hilado Memorial State College-Alijis Campus Negros Occidental, Philippines Originality: 100% • Grammar Check: 95% • Plagiarism: 0% ABSTRACT This study investigates the syntactic structuration of the five select Hiligaynun Visayan Print Media Articles, namely: three news articles such as WANTED PERSON SA ANTIQUE, PRISU, LALAKI GINSIRBIHAN WARRANT, 4- KA TU-IG NGA BATA NALUMUS SA SUBA, and two editorials: SWILDU SANG MANUNUDLU and SAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SA SSS. The study focuses on the following linguistic aspects (1) Immediate Constituents Analysis of the sentences, (2) phrase structures of the syntactic forms, and (3) pedagogic grammar monograph on Visayan Hiligaynun Syntax. The syntactic analysis through Immediate Constituents was the method used for the structuration segments of the articles. The sentences were analyzed using the constituent analysis to reveal syntactic structuration. ICA (Immediate Constituent Analysis) has two phases: phase one, identifying immediate constituents, and phase two, the rule in determining the syntactic structure. Based on the ICA and phrase structures of the sentences, the following are the findings: The ICA of the articles reveals that out of the nineteen sentences, eight are composed of simple sentences, eight compound sentences, and three compound-complex sentences. The syntactic structure phrasal analyses of the five articles yield nineteen sentences consisting of noun phrases, verb phrases, and prepositional phrases. A pedagogic grammar Vol. 44 · March 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v44i1.599 Print ISSN 2012-3981 Online ISSN 2244-0445 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. mailto:evalyn.pedrosa@chmsc.edu.ph https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 145 International Peer Reviewed Journal on Hiligaynun Visayan syntax is developed to guide the teaching and learning of Hiligaynun. Keywords — Languages, Visayan Hiligaynun Syntax, Visayan Print Media, Syntactic Structuration, Pedagogic grammar, Immediate Constituents, Philippines INTRODUCTION Whenever human beings exist, language exists. Language makes everyone uniquely human (Burton-Roberts, 2016). There are no other species that can be compared to humans concerning the ingenuity and intricacy of the schemes that they use to express their beliefs and ability to communicate. With this, one can influence the fundamentals in one’s language to express the complexity of thoughts and ideas and comprehend the words and sentences that have not yet been heard or spoken (Rowe & Levine, 2018). Human communication is driven by the guidelines for uniting words to produce original meanings. Syntactical rules have long been expected to be solely humans (Tallerman, 2019). The syntax may be a broad adaptation to social and behavioral complexity in communication systems (Carnie, 2011). Language is unique to humans’ most significant characteristics. It permits them to produce countless expressions from a limited number of vocal elements and meanings. It underlies the development of other characteristics of human behaviors, for instance, art and technology (Burton-Roberts, 2016). The command of language is set in joining meaningless sounds into words that, in turn, are combined into phrases (Fasold & Connor-Linton, 2006). Studies on the communication systems of non-human primates and birds recommend that the ability to combine meaningless vocal elements has developed repeatedly. Still, the progression of syntax (i.e., combining different words to form more complex expressions) is until now measured to be unique to human language (Burton- Roberts, 2016). Even though language plays a significant role in our lives, and human beings quite easily make use of it a hundred times each day, most people are not aware of the complexity of the systems used to communicate. Speakers of all languages can create and understand a set of unlimited sentences (Carnie, 2011). It was revealed that every language has a way of constructing sentences based on syntactic universals (McGregor, 2015). Like all Austronesian languages, Hiligaynun follows a standard word order (Pesirla, 2012). There are many https://phys.org/tags/communication+systems/ https://phys.org/tags/syntax/ https://phys.org/tags/human+language/ 146 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research dissertations, articles, papers, theses, and studies on Hiligaynun, but many of the latest ones concentrated on its literature. These studies focus on the syntax of the Hiligaynun language; however, they cover an inadequate figure of word categories or parts of speech. There are new studies in the review that focus on grammar but only on one class or part. Hence, importance should be given to more thorough studies on the grammar of the Hiligyanun language should be studied. Thus, the linguistic structural linearity of Hiligaynun Visayan with idealized orthography should be focused on. This investigation argues that Hiligaynun Visayan print media articles reveal the syntactic structures of the textualities in their constituents and phrasal linearity. Two linguistic theories support this argument: the theory of linear grammar by Corder (1973), and phrase-structure grammar by Chomsky (2002). The linear grammar, according to Corder (1973), treats the sentences of language as a “string” of grammatical categories like beads in a necklace, or as a series of “slots” to be filled by words of the category appropriate to each slot. For this reason, this model of linguistic description is also called “slot-and-filler grammar” because it treats the structure of the sentence as a linear pattern. The choice of each successive category depends upon the category immediately preceding it. Like all Austronesian languages, all Philippine languages, including Hiligaynun, closely related to Cebuano Visayan, the predicate structures all their sentence forms. Hence, their natural sentence word-order patterns always begin with the predicate and always end with a subject (Pesirla, 2012). Another linguistic theory by Noam Chomsky is the phrase structure grammar which groups into phrasal units of elements in a sentence that function as meaningful components after identifying its sentence constituents. Each act of segmentation divides a single construction into two constituent components: noun phrase corresponds to the complete subject of the sentence; verb phrase relates to the complete predicate of a given sentence (Constantino, 1965). To best illustrate the linguistic analysis of the sentence using the phrase structure grammar, Chomsky’s tree diagram has the following steps: (1) identify the immediate constituents, (2) group the constituents into phrases, (3) group the phases into a noun and verb phrases, (4) group the phrases into the sentence again, and (5) make a rewrite rule description. Syntax, thus, illustrates how the constituent linearity is organized into different categories and how the constituent linearity of words in a sentence is not just a string of elements arranged in a hierarchical constituent structure (Tallerman, 2019). Categories in modern linguistics, according to Parker and Riley (1986), classify words as parts of speech into two: Lexical (word) CATEGORIES and 147 International Peer Reviewed Journal PHRASAL (word group) Categories. Lexical categories include content words like N, V, ADJ, and ADV and function words such as DET, PREP, CONJ, PRON, and INTJ. Determiners include an article the, a, and an, demonstratives this, that, and those as well as possessive personal pronouns my, your, his, her, it, our, and their. Phrasal categories include noun phrases (NP), verb phrases (VP), adjective phrases (ADJP), adverb phrases (ADVP), and prepositional phrases (PP). While phrase structures group together those elements which function as meaningful units: nouns phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, adverb phrases, prepositional phrases, and the likes are also called phrase structure description, this segmentation of constituent structures treats as similar in function groups of sentence elements, which are themselves different in internal structure. Within these theoretical parameters, this study is conducted. Figure 1. A Schematic Presentation of the Theoretical Background of the Study 148 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research METHODOLOGY The linguistic analysis follows the following phrases in gathering data for this academic investigation: Preliminary Phase: Idealization of Raw Data and their English Version. Each article is idealized according to phonetic orthography and predicate structure since all Visayan languages are phonetic languages (spelled as sounded) and are structured by predicates (sentences start with predicates and end with subjects) (Pesirla, 2012). The matrix below is used in the idealization, as follows. Article 1: Solterito Gintiro sang Riding-in-Tandem Source: Panay Balita ORIGINAL TEXT (RAW) IDEALIZED TEXT ENGLISH VERSION Na-ospital ang 16-anyos nga solterito matapos nga gintiro sang riding-in-tandem. Na-uspital ang 16-anyus nga sultiritu matapus nga gintiru sang riding-in-tandem. A 16-year old teenager (male) was hospitalized after he was shot by a riding-in- tandem. The English version of the text is needed for scholarly understanding and linguistic comprehension by all researchers. Phase 1. The Syntactic Analysis of the Immediate Constituents Each sentence is processed through immediate constituents analysis (ICA) to reveal their varied syntactic structuration. ICA (Immediate Constituents Analysis) has two phases: phase one identifies the immediate constituents, and phase two is the rule determining the syntactic structure. To show this method, an example of a simple sentence written in Hiligaynun is hereby subjected to immediate constituent analysis: The sentence: Ginbungguan sang salakyan OFW. (Hit by a car-OFW.) The immediate constituents identified: Ginbunggu-an sang salakyan OFW. V DET N N 149 International Peer Reviewed Journal The Rewrite Rule: V + DET + N + N S Where: V Verb DET Determiner N Noun S Sentence Generalization: This is a simple sentence with only one main clause. The sentence starts with a verb phrase V+ DET+N as the predicate followed by the subject OFW- N. Phase 2. Syntactic Analysis of Phrase Structures Each sentence is processed through phrase structure analysis using a tree diagram by Chomsky. Each phrase structure analysis of the simple sample sentence is done on one page in a frame, followed by its corresponding analytical discussion. The simple sentence contains the verb phrase GINBUNGGU-AN SANG SALAKYAN composed of the Verb Ginbunggu-an and the determiner SANG 150 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research and the noun- SALAKYAN. It ends with a Noun Phrase ANG OFW, which is composed of a determiner and a noun. Phase 3. A Monograph on the Pedagogic Grammar of Hiligaynun Visayan Syntax Based on the findings, a monograph on syntax is developed. It is to be made as a reference for teaching and studying Hiligaynun Visayan as the target language. It describes how the syntax of Hiligaynun Visayan is structured and how to put them together into grammatical and well-formed sentences. Moreover, it is essential to study syntax because it gives an understanding of how a language works, and brings the doorway to more research and theories on all facets of linguistics. Hence, this pedagogic grammar is focused on how grammatical items may be made more learnable and teachable for both Hiligaynun students and teachers. Exercises for each major topic are provided to better learning and understanding the target language. It is outlined as follows: PEDAGOGIC GRAMMAR FOR HILIGAYNUN VISAYAN SYNTAX Introduction Pangunang hambal na angut sa Sintaks Hiligaynun Visayan Syntax Ang Sintaks sa Hiligaynun nga Pulung Grammar of Hiligaynun Speech Lantipung sa Hiligaynun nga Pulung Predicate Constructs Matangnun Pagtukud Phrases and Clauses Mga Prasi kag mga Dinalan Kinds of Sentences according to Purpose Klasi sang mga Dinalan sunu sa katuyu-an Kinds of Sentences according to Structure Klasi sang mga Dinalan sunu sa Pagbalay 151 International Peer Reviewed Journal RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Sample sentences extracted from one of the News Articles: Article A: WANTED PERSON SA ANTIQUE, PRISU Source: Panay Balita Huybis, Pibriru 1, 2018 Tumu 15, Numiru 104 ORIGINAL TEXT (RAW) IDEALIZED TEXT ENGLISH VERSION Nagtupa sa prisohan ang wanted person nga nadakpan sa Barangay Igbical, Hamtic, Antique takna alas-10: 40 sa aga kahapon. Nagtupa sa prisuhan ang wanted person nga nadakpan Barangay Igbical, Hamtic, Antique takna alas- 10: 40 sa aga kahapun. The wanted person who was caught in Brgy. Hamtic, at 10:40 am yesterday, ended up in jail. Immediate Constituent Analysis: Article A Sentence Table 1 presents the immediate constituents of the article A WANTED PERSON SA ANTIQUE, PRISU from Panay Balita is now analyzed. Table 1. Immediate Constituents of Article A Sentence in Sequence Rewrite Rule of Immediate Constituents Sentence structures 1 N+ DET+N+V+DET+N+DET+ ADJ+ N = MC DET+ V+DET+N+N+N+N+N+ADJ+DET+ ADJ+ADV = S CL Complex 152 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research This is a complex sentence consisting of one main clause and a subordinate clause (Pesirla, 2012). This sentence starts with a verb phrase V+ DET+ N as the complete predicate of the sentence and is followed by the noun phrase DET+ ADJ+ N+ DET+ ADJ+ DET+ ADJ+ N +ADV+ ADJ N+ DET+ N+ ADV. The main clause consists of V + DET + N+ DET +ADJ+ N and the subject is PERSON a noun, while the subordinate clause is composed of DET+ ADJ+ DET+ ADJ+ N+ ADV+ ADJ+N+ DET+ N +ADV and the subject of this clause is NGA a determiner. Phrase Structure Analysis Article A Sentence According to Corder (1973), the phrase structure of language groups together the immediate constituents of a sentence which function as meaningful units of the noun phrase (the subject) and a verb phrase (the predicate). Thus, a sentence is the arrangement of the noun phrase (NP) and verb phrase (VP). The idealized print media articles under study are now subjected to phrase structuration using the TREE-DIAGRAM by Chomsky (2002). Each phrase structure of the idealized print media articles is done in a frame with corresponding analytical discussion. 153 International Peer Reviewed Journal Sentence one, ALAS 10:40 SA NAGTUPA SA PRISUHAN (VP) and ANG WANTED PERSON NGA NADAKPAN SA BRGY. HAMTIC, TAKNA AGA KAHAPUN (NP) is a simple sentence. The sentence contains the verb phrase NAGTUPA SA PRISUHAN and a noun phrase ANG WANTED PERSON NGA NADAKPAN SA BRGY. HAMTIC, TAKNA ALAS 10:40 SA AGA KAHAPUN. The verb phrase NAGTUPA SA PRISUHAN is made up of the verb NAGTUPA, determiner SA, and a noun PRISUHAN while the noun phrase ANG WANTED PERSON NGA NADAKPAN SA BRGY. HAMTIC, TAKNA ALAS 10:40 SA AGA KAHAPUN is made up of the noun phrase ANG WANTED PERSON. ANG is a determiner, and WANTED PERSON 154 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research is another noun phrase made up of an adjective WANTED to describe the PERSON as a noun. NGA NADAKPAN the other, is an adjective phrase made up of NGA a determiner, and NADAKPAN is an adjective. The noun phrase SA BRGY. HAMTIC is composed of a determiner, SA, BRGY. as an adjective and the noun HAMTIC. This sentence ends with another noun phrase TAKNA ALAS 10:40 SA AGA KAHAPUN composed of two noun phrases TAKNA ALAS10:40 and SA AGA KAHAPUN. The noun phrase TAKNA ALAS10:40 is made up of an adverb TAKNA and another noun phrase ALAS 10:40 which is composed of an adjective ALAS and a noun 10:40. The noun phrase SA AGA KAHAPUN is made up of SA AGA while the word KAHAPUN is an adverb. Put together, the Verb Phrase NATUPA SA PRISUHAN and the Noun Phrase ANG WANTED PERSON NGA NADAKPAN SA BRGY. HAMTIC ALAS 10:40 SA AGA SANG KAHAPUN becomes a sentence. Article B: APAT KA TU-IG NGA BATA NALUMUS SA SUBA Source: Panay Balita, Martis Iniru 30, 2018 Tumu 15, Numiru 102 Original Text (raw) Idealized Text English Version Nalumos ang apat ka tuig nga bata sang nagtabuk sa suba mga ala-una y medya sa hapon sang Dominggo sa Hacienda Antolanga, Barangay Antolangan sa Isabela, Negros Occidental. Nalumos ang apat ka tu-ig nga bata sang nagtabuk sa suba mga ala-una y midya sa hapun sang Duminggu sa Hacienda Antolanga, Barangay Antolangan sa Isabela, Negros Occidental. The four year old child was drowned in the river at 1:30 last Sunday at Hacienda Antolanga, Barangay Antolangan sa Isabela, Negros Occidental. Immediate Constituent Analysis: Article B Sentence The table below presents the Immediate Constituents of Article B APAT- KA TU-IG NGA BATA NALUMUS SA SUBA from Panay Balita is hereby analyzed. 155 International Peer Reviewed Journal Table 2. Immediate Constituent of Article B Sen- tence in Se- quence Rewrite Rules of Immediate Constituents Syntactic Struc- tures 1 V +DET+N+DET+ N+DET+N+DET+N+ DET+ Adj + N + Adj + N+ DET+ N+DET+ Adj+ DET+N+ DET+N M CL Simple This is a simple sentence made up of one main clause. This sentence begins with the simple predicate NALUMUS, a verb which is part of the whole verb phrase composed of V+ DET+N+ DET+N+DET+ N+ DET+ N+ DET +ADJ+N+ ADJ+N+ DET+ N followed by a noun phrase DET+ ADJ+ DET+ N +DET that ends with the simple subject BATA a noun. Phrase Structure Analysis: Article B Sentence According to Corder (1973), the phrase structure of language groups together the immediate constituents of a sentence which function as meaningful units of a noun phrase (the subject) and a verb phrase (the predicate). Thus, a sentence is 156 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research the arrangement of a noun phrase (NP) and verb phrase (VP). The idealized print media articles under study are hereby subjected to phrase structuration using the TREE-DIAGRAM by Chomsky (2002). Each phrase structure of the five idealized print media articles is done in a frame with corresponding analytical discussion. Sentence one, NALUMUS SA SUBA MGA ALA-UNA Y MIDYA SA HAPUN SANG DUMINGGU SA HACIENDA ANTOLANGA, BRGY. ANTOLANGA SA ISABELA NEGROS OCCIDENTAL (VP) ANG APAT KA TU-IG NGA BATA (NP). Within the verb phrase is a verb NALUMUS and an adverb phrase SA SUBA MGA ALA-UNA Y MIDYA SA HAPUN SANG DUMINGGU SA HACIENDA ANTOLANGA, BRGY. ANTOLANGA SA ISABELA NEGROS OCCIDENTAL. 157 International Peer Reviewed Journal The adverb phrase is made up of two adverb phrases SA SUBA MGA ALA-UNA Y MIDYA SA HAPUN SANG DUMINGGU and SA HACIENDA ANTOLANGA, BRGY. ANTOLANGA SA ISABELA NEGROS OCCIDENTAL. The adverb phrase SA HACIENDA ANTOLANGA, BRGY. ANTOLANGA is made up of a determiner SA and within this adverb is a noun phrase HACIENDA ANTOLANGA BRGY. ANTOLANGA and within this noun phrase are two noun phrases HACIENDA ANTOLANGA and BRGY. ANTOLANGA. The noun phrase HACIENDA ANTOLANGA is composed of an adjective HACIENDA and a noun ANTOLANGA while the noun phrase BRGY. ANTOLANGA is made up of the adjective BRGY. and a noun ANTOLANGA. Moreover, the adverb phrase SA ISABELA, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL is made up of a determiner SA and a noun ISABELA, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL. While the noun phrase, ANG APAT KA TU-IG NGA BATA, is made up of an adjective phrase ANG APAT KA TU-IG and a noun phrase NGA BATA. The adjective phrase ANG APAT KA TU-IG is composed of an adjective phrase ANG APAT and a noun phrase KA TU-IG. The adjective phrase ANG APAT is composed of a determiner ANG and an adjective APAT while the noun phrase KA TU-IG is composed of a determiner KA and a noun TU-IG. Moreover, the noun phrase NGA BATA is composed of a determiner NGA and a noun BATA. Therefore, the verb phrase (VP) NALUMUS SA SUBA MGA ALA-UNA Y MIDYA SA HAPUN SANG DUMINGGU SA HACIENDA ANTOLANGA, BRGY. ANTOLANGA SA ISABELA NEGROS OCCIDENTAL and the noun phrase (NP) ANG APAT KA TU-IG NGA BATA constitute a simple sentence. Sample sentence extracted from one of the editorials used in the study: Article E: SAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SA SSS Source: Sabadu-Duminggu, Pibriru 3-4, 2018 Tumu 15, Numiru 106 158 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research ORIGINAL TEXT (RAW) IDEALIZED TEXT ENGLISH VERSION Halos 40 porciento ang igasaka sa kontribusyon sang mga miembro santu sa handum sang SSS nga mabawi ang pundo nga ginpain nila sa pagsaka sang pension sang ila mga pensioners nga nag nagasugod sang 2017. Halus 40 purcientu ang igasaka sa kuntribusyun sang mga myimbru santu sa handum sang SSS nga mabawi ang pundu nga ginpa-in nila sa pagsaka sang pension sang ila mga pensioners nga nagasugod sang 2017. Almost 40% increase in the contribution of the members is in accordance with the aim of SSS to retrieve the funds which were allocated for the increase of the pension of pensioners which started in 2017. Immediate Constituent Analysis: Article E Table displays the immediate constituents of the Article E SAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SA SSS from Panay Balita is hereby analyzed. Table 3. Immediate Constituents of Article E Sentence in Sequence Rewrite Rules of Immediate Constituents Syntactic Structures 2 PREP + DET + N + DET + N + DET+ V + DET + N + DET + V + PRON = M CL DET + V + DET + N + DET + PRON + DET + N + DET + V +DET + N = S CL DET + V + DET + N + DET + DET + N + ADJ + N = M CL compound complex 159 International Peer Reviewed Journal This is a compound complex sentence having two main clauses and one subordinate clause. The two main clauses are composed of PREP+ DET+ N+DET+ N+DET+V+DET+N and DET+V+DET+N+DET+DET+N+ADJ+N, while the subordinate clause is made up of DET+V+PRON+DET+V+DET+N+DET +PRON+DET+N+DET+V+DET+N. The idealized print media article under the study is hereby subjected to phrase structuration using the TREE-DIAGRAM by Chomsky (2002). 160 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research Sentence two, SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017, ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MIYIMBRU is the verb phrase and the HALUS 40 PURSYINTU is the noun phrase. When segmented further, the sentence contains a verb phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017, ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU and the HALUS 40 PUSYINTU is the noun phrase. The verb phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017, ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU is made up of the prepositional phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM and a verb phrase NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 and the verb phrase ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU. Within the verb phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017, is the prepositional phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM and the verb phrase NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPA-IN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017. The prepositional phrase SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM is made up of a preposition SANTU and a noun phrase SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, which is composed of two noun phrases SA HANDUM and SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM. These two noun phrases are made up of a determiner SA and a noun HANDUM while the noun phrase SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM is composed of a determiner SANG and SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM a noun. The verb phrase NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG 161 International Peer Reviewed Journal PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is composed of two verb phrases NGA MABAWI and ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017. The verb phrase NGA MABAWI is made up of a determiner NGA and a verb MABAWI. In contrast, the verb phrase ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is composed of a noun phrase ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA and the verb phrase SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017. The noun phrase ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA is made up of two noun phrases: ANG PUNDU and NGA GINAPAIN NILA. The noun phrase ANG PUNDU is composed of a determiner NGA and a noun PUNDU, while the noun phrase NGA GINAPAIN NILA is made up of a determiner NGA, a verb GINAPAIN and NILA is a pronoun. The verb phrase SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is a verb phrase SA PAGSAKA, which is composed of a determiner SA and a verb PAGSAKA while the noun phrase SANG PENSION is made up of a determiner SANG and a noun PENSION. On the other hand, the noun phrase SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is composed of a prepositional phrase SANG ILA and a noun phrase MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017. The noun phrase SANG ILA is made up of a determiner SANG and a pronoun ILA while the noun phrase MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is composed of a noun phrase MGA PENSIONERS and an adjective clause NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017. The noun phrase MGA PENSIONERS is made up of a determiner NGA and a verb MAGASUGUD, while the adjective clause NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 is composed of two nouns clauses NGA NAGASUGUD and SANG 2017. The noun phrase NGA NAGASUGUD is composed of a determiner NGA and a verb NAGASUGUD, while the noun phrase SANG 2017 is made up of a determiner NGA and a noun 2017. Within the verb phrase is another verb phrase ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MIYIMBRU which is composed of a verb phrase ANG IGASAKA and a noun phrase SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU. The verb phrase ANG IGASAKA is composed of a determiner ANG and a verb IGASAKA, while the noun phrase SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU is composed of two noun phrases SA KUNTRIBUSYUN 162 JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research and SANG MGA MYIMBRU. The noun phrase SA KUNTRIBUSYUN is composed of a determiner SA and a noun KUNTRIBUSYUN, while the noun phrase SANG MGA MYIMBRU is made up of a determiner SANG and another noun phrase MGA MIYIMBRU which is composed of a determiner MGA and a noun MYIMBRU. Lastly, the noun phrase HALUS 40 PURSYINTU is made up of an adjective HALUS and a noun 40 PURSYINTU. Thus, the verb phrase (VP) SANTU SA HANDUM SANG SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM NGA MABAWI ANG PUNDU NGA GINAPAIN NILA SA PAGSAKA SANG PENSION SANG ILA MGA PENSIONERS NGA NAGASUGUD SANG 2017 prepositional phrase ANG IGASAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SANG MGA MYIMBRU and the noun phrase HALUS 40 PURSYINTU, when put together, become a sentence. CONCLUSIONS Based on the immediate constituent analysis and phrase structures of the sentences by Chomsky (2002), the following are the findings of the study: The immediate constituent analyses of the five print media articles reveal that out of the nineteen sentences, eight of which are composed of simple sentences, eight compound sentences, and three compound-complex sentences. The syntactic structure phrasal analyses of the five print media articles yield nineteen sentences consisting of noun phrases, verb phrases, and prepositional phrases. A pedagogic grammar on Hiligaynun Visayan syntax is developed to serve as a reference guide in the teaching and learning of Hiligaynun. It gives a basic description of the sentence structures of Hiligaynun to aid native and non-native learners to understand its elements and improve their competency in using the language. 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