http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JNERS | 129 Jurnal Ners Vol. 14, No. 2, October 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i2.12465 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Original Research Analysis of the Risk Factors Related to the Occurrence of Juvenile Delinquency Behavior Tri Anjaswarni1, Nursalam Nursalam2, Sri Widati1 and Ah Yusuf2 1 Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia ABSTRACT Introduction: Nowadays, juvenile delinquency is increasing in terms of number and type. Delinquency and criminality among teenagers is generally categorized as deviant behavior in society and this can be interpreted as a form of teenage resistance to the normative rules and values that apply in society. Many risk factors are related to deviant behavior. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and a simple random sampling technique. The calculation results involved 295 samples, consisting of 235 students in junior - senior high schools and vocational schools in Malang, and 60 teenagers in the 1st class Children’s Prison of Blitar. The independent variables were the individuals, their families, the school environment, their peer groups, coping mechanisms, lifestyle and technology. The dependent variable was juvenile delinquency. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The analysis used a logistic regression test with a significance level of α≤0.05. Results: There were six variables that significantly influence juvenile delinquency, namely individual, family, school environment, peers, life style and technology. Technology is the variable that has the greatest influence on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Conclusion: Technology is the most influential factor related to the cause of juvenile delinquency. These results indicate that significant shift in the causes of juvenile delinquency from family and peer factors to technological factors. This is quite reasonable because technology is a major need and it is a trend for teenagers at this time. ARTICLE HISTORY Received: March 21, 2019 Accepted: December 14, 2019 KEYWORDS risk factor; delinquency; juvenile CONTACT Tri Anjaswarni  anjaswarni_azhar@yahoo.co.id  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia Cite this as: Anjaswarni, T, Nursalam, N, Widati, S, and Yusuf, A. (2019). Analysis of the Risk Factors Related to the Occurrence of Juvenile Delinquency Behavior. Jurnal Ners, 14(2), 129-136. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i1.12465 INTRODUCTION Juvenile delinquency has occurred since the early 19th century and it has become a global problem, including in Indonesia. Juvenile delinquency is included in several social disorders and the incidence rate has continued to increase. This phenomenon occurs in all levels of society, in both men and women, in cities and in villages and within high or low socio-economic circles (Steketee & Gruszczyńska, 2010). Delinquency and crime among teenagers is generally categorized as deviant behavior in society. These behavioral deviations can be interpreted as a form of teenage resistance to the normative rules and values that apply in society (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2010). Juvenile delinquency is one form of mental health disorder in the community, which directly or indirectly can affect the degree of mental health of the community as a whole. Short-term impacts can be dangerous directly to the safety of teenagers and groups. Fights, brawls and speeding will potentially lead to injury and possibly even death. Narcotics can threaten their lives and society, while potential free sexual behavior can incur the risk of sexually transmitted diseases, and other harmful effects. The long-term impact is the threat of future loss meaning that they cannot take part in the development of the nation and state. This is not in line with the expectation that https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i1.12465 T. ANJASWARNI ET AL. 130 | pISSN: 1858-3598  eISSN: 2502-5791 teenagers are the spearhead of development and the next generation of the nation (Anjaswarni, 2014). It is explained that adolescents have a difficult time. Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood that is full of responsibility, where they are required to be able to adapt to these changes (Stuart, 2014). Adaptation failure will lead to problems and behavioral disturbances in the future. This is relevant to the coping mechanisms owned by individuals because coping mechanisms are a measure of the ability of the adolescent to solve problems. Furthermore, the factors that play a role in juvenile delinquency refer to the actors who originate from their individual factors. Individual factors are internal factors that are related to the abilities and abilities of individuals in running their roles and social activities. Individual factors that were measured in this study include life skills, self- efficacy, religion and academic competencies. A factor that also acts as a risk factor for juvenile delinquency is the family. The family is an external factor related to psycho-educative and sociocultural influences which are given by the family to the individual (children), which can impact their development. The family factor is related to the attitudes and habits of the parents when educating and caring for their children including how the parents facilitate the economic needs of the child, including in terms of personal communication patterns and proximity (bonding) (Calhoun, Glaser, & Bartolomucci, 2001; Stuart, 2014). The next external factor is the school environment and peer groups. School is an environmental situation that can affect the children's development and health. School factors that become a risk factor for juvenile delinquency are related to various things that exist in the school environment including child relationships with the teachers and their peer group, the presence of children in the school, and adherence to school rules. For the peer group factors that are risk factors for juvenile delinquency, there is the frequency of children being exposed to harmful substances, both through directly seeing and by seeing events in the mass media. Included in the peer group factor is attitude and relationship patterns (Calhoun et al., 2001). The development and use of technology today also plays a role in the occurrence of delinquency. The incorrect use of technology can have the effect of deviating behavior including violence, theft, and so on. Research shows that playing violent video games correlates with the occurrence of aggression in juvenile delinquents that are imprisoned (DeLisi, Vaughn, Gentile, Anderson, & Shook, 2013). Another factor that contributes to juvenile delinquency is lifestyle. Changes in lifestyle due to environmental differences in the past and present will affect their psychological well-being. Individuals who are not able to adapt to these lifestyle changes will experience welfare problems (Heath & Berman, 2008). A bad lifestyle has the potential to trigger juvenile delinquency. Based on the background above, it is necessary to analyze the various risk factors that play a role in juvenile delinquency. The purpose of the study was to analyze the risk factors that influence juvenile delinquency. There are seven factors that will be analyzed in this study, including the individual, coping mechanism, family, school environment, peer, lifestyle and technology factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This type of research was observational with a cross- sectional design (Nursalam, 2014). Data retrieval was carried out from November 2018 to January 2019. The population was teenagers aged 12-19 years. The number of samples consisted of 295 teenagers who attended schools in Malang City, East Java - Indonesia, and teenagers who were undergoing coaching in 1st class Children’s Prison of Blitar (235 students and 60 adolescents in the children’s prison). The sampling technique was a simple random sampling. The researchers applied for ethical clearance first. After they had been declared to have passed the ethical test, they then administering the research permit to the National and Political Unity Agency, the Education Office and the schools selected according to the sampling map. Permission was asked of the East Java Province Ministry of Law and Human Rights (KEMENKUMHAM) to provide a research permit recommendation to the 1st class Children’s Prison of Blitar. After getting permission, this was followed by the retrieval of the data that began with providing an explanations and informed consent to the students as the respondents with their parents and/or teachers representing the parents. The teenagers in 1st class Children’s Prison of Blitar were with their prison providers or parents to allow the researcher to provide an explanations and to request parental consent through telephone contact or as part of a direct interaction. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The respondents provided an assessment of her or himself by giving an appropriate score. The data was recapitulated, entered into the SPSS program and analyzed. JURNAL NERS http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JNERS | 131 The data was collected using a questionnaire tested for validity and reliability. This instrument was valid at r = 0,312 and reliable at α = 0,570 – 0,935. The instrument was developed by referring to the Juvenile Counseling and Assessment Program Model (JCAP Model). The risk factors included the factors of the individual, family, school, and peer group, coping mechanisms, lifestyle and technology. Individual factors include lifestyle, self-efficacy, religious and academic competencies. Family factors include economic status, family communication and relations, family function, parenting and bonding. The school environment includes school policy, presence pattern, the teacher-student relation and the child’s relationship with the school. Peer group includes the pattern of peer relations, exposure to substances, and peer attitude. Coping mechanism includes problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and dysfunctional coping. Lifestyle includes physical activities, sleep pattern, free time utilization, and recreation. Technological factors include using gadgets, spectacles, and video games (Abdulkarim, Zainul, & Maryani, 2014; Baqutayan, 2015; Calhoun et al., 2001; Heath & Berman, 2008; Henggeler, Edwards, & Borduin, 1987; Stuart, 2014). The juvenile delinquency instruments were developed based on theory (Anjaswarni, 2014; Heilbrun, Goldstein, & Redding, 2005; Kratcoski & Kratcoski, 1990). The respondents assessed the independent variable associated with himself as the risk factors and their behavior was the dependent variable. The subject circled number 1 (strongly disagree), 2 (disagree), 3 (agree) or 4 (strongly agree) regarding the measured independent variables. For the instruments related to the dependent variable, the respondents were asked to rate the degree of frequency associated with their behavior by circling the numbers 0 (never), 1 (sometimes), 2 (often) and 3 (always). All of the data was analyzed using the SPSS 20.00 software. The analysis was done in two ways, descriptive and through the bivariate analysis of the risk factors (independent variables) on juvenile delinquency (dependent variable). The logistic regression test used the enter method to find out the magnitude of the influence (Odds Ratio) of each risk factor on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Table 1. Distribution of Respondent’s Characteristic Based on Gender, Age, Level of Education, Living With, and Law Case Characteristic Adolescent students Adolescent in children’s prison n n % n % Gander Male 110 46,8 60 100 295 Female 125 53,2 0 0 Age 12 – 15 years old 73 31,1 8 13,3 295 > 15 – 18 years old 117 49,8 28 46,7 > 18 – 19 years old 45 19,1 24 40,0 Level of Education No School / Elementary 0 0 18 30 295 Junior High School 122 51,9 30 50 Senior High School / Vocational Educational 113 48,1 12 20 Living With Nuclear Family 191 81,3 22 38 295 Father and brothers/sisters 15 6,4 12 20 Mother and brothers/sisters 11 4,7 10 16 Grandfather / Grandmother 4 1,7 8 13 Extended family 2 0,9 3 5 Alone 12 5,1 5 8 Law Case (Adolescents in children’s prison) Fight/Brawl/violence 12 20 60 Theft/Snatching/Robbery 15 25 Substance abuse 16 26,7 Vandalism / destruction 1 1,7 Obscene/ free sex/ sex abuse 8 13,3 Murder 8 13,3 T. ANJASWARNI ET AL. 132 | pISSN: 1858-3598  eISSN: 2502-5791 This research was approved by the Health Research Ethics Commission (KEPK) of the Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University Surabaya, number 534/EA/KEPK/2018. Based on the results of the ethical review, the research protocol was declared to have passed the ethical test and thus the study could be continued to the next research process. RESULTS The data obtained consists of interval data converted into categorical data. The following describes the results of the descriptive analysis on the Distribution of the Respondent’s Characteristic and each variable. It also shows the results of the bivariate analysis and the effect of the risk factors (independent variables) on juvenile delinquency (dependent variable). Distribution of the Respondent’s Characteristics The respondents consisted of two groups, 1) respondents who were adolescents in junior and senior high school, and vocational school and 2) respondents who were adolescents in the 1st class children’s prison of Blitar, see Table 1. Descriptive Analysis of the Risk Factors (Independent Variables) The results of the cross-sectional analysis (cross tabulation) between the seven risk factors are related to the individual, coping mechanism, family, school environment, peer group, lifestyle and technology factors, as shown in table 2. The results of the individual factors are divided into three categories, namely individuals with competence that is lacking, good and very good, as seen in Table 2. Based on Table 2, it is known that most individuals have competencies in the good and very good categories. Based on cross-tabulation, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occur where there are lacking or poor individual characteristics. Coping mechanism ranges from Table 2: Descriptive Analysis of the Seven Risk Factors Variable (Risk Factors) Juvenile delinquency n Not Yes Individual Factors Lack 33(43.4%) 43(56.6%) 76(100%) Good 77(52.7%) 69(47.3%) 146(100%) Very Good 47(64.4%) 26(35.6%) 73(100%) Total 157(53.2%) 138(46.8%) 295(100%) Coping Mechanism Maladaptive 70(47.3%) 78(52.7%) 148(100%) Adaptive 87(59.2%) 60 (47.3%) 147(100%) Total 157(53.2%) 138(40.8%) 295(100%) Family Factors Less 32(41.6%) 45(58.4%) 77 (100%) Supportive 83(56.5%) 64(43.5%) 147(100%) Very supportive 42(59.2%) 29(40.8%) 71 (100%) Total 157(53.2%) 138(46.8%) 295(100%) School Environmental Factors Less 23(28%) 59 (72%) 82(100%) Support 84 (57.5%) 62 (42.5%) 146(100%) Very supportive 50 (64.4%) 17(35.6%) 67(100%) Total 157(53.2%) 138(46.8%) 295(100%) Peer Group Factors Lack of solidity 70 (80.5%) 17 (19.5%) 87 (100%) Solid 79 (57.7%) 58 (42.3%) 137(100%) Very Solid 8 (11.3%) 63(88.7%) 71 (100%) Total 157 (53.2%) 138 (46.8%) 295 (100%) Lifestyle Factors Lack 31 (34.4%) 59(65.6%) 90(100%) Good 87(60%) 58(40%) 145(100%) Very Good 39(65%) 21 (35%) 60(100%) Total 157(53.2%) 138(46.8%) 295(100%) Technology Factors Poor / Low 78 (83.0%) 16 (17.0%) 94 (100%) Enough 66(51.6%) 62 (48.4%) 128 (100%) High 13 (17.8%) 60 (82.2%) 73 (100%) Total 157 (53.2%) 138 (46.8%) 295 (100%) JURNAL NERS http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JNERS | 133 adaptive to maladaptive. The results of this coping mechanism analysis have been grouped into two trends; adaptive or maladaptive using certain cut-off points. Based on Table 2, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occur in adolescents with maladaptive coping mechanisms. The results of the family factor analysis can be divided into three categories of support; less family support, supportive, and very supportive. The results in Table 2 show that most of the support that the families give to their teenagers is supportive and very supportive. Based on percentage, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occur in families that are less supportive. The results of the analysis of the school environment factors have been divided into three categories of support, namely that the school environment is less supportive, supportive and very supportive. Based on Table 2, it is known that the school environment mostly provides support and that it is very supportive. Based on percentage, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occur in a less supportive school environmental. The results of the analysis of peer groups are divided into three categories, namely the influence of peers who are lack solidity, who are solid and who are very solid. Based on percentage, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occur in adolescents who make peer friendships that are very solid. The results of the analysis of the lifestyle factors are divided into three categories, namely that their lifestyle is lacking, good or very good. Most of the teenager’s lifestyles are in the good and very good categories. Based on percentage, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends to occurs in teenagers with a lack of lifestyle. The results of the analysis of the technology factors are divided into three categories, namely the poor use of technology by teenagers, using it enough and using it to a high degree. Based on Table 2, it is known that most teenagers use technology to a high degree. Based on percentage, it is known that juvenile delinquency tends occurs in adolescents who use a lot of technology. Descriptive Analysis of Juvenile Delinquency (Dependent Variable) Juvenile delinquency, which is the indicator in this study, contains the 6 types of hate based on the results of the previous studies. The description of juvenile delinquency based on type is as shown in Table 3. Based on Table 3, it is known that the most juvenile behavior refers to substance use including narcotics, alcohol, psychotropics and other addictive substances (NAPZA) in groups, in addition to violent behavior and sexual abuse or harassment. Next, to find out the effect strength of the independent variables on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency, logistic regression tests were conducted using the enter method. Logistic Regression Test Analysis Risk Factors for Juvenile Delinquency The analysis results used to determine the power of influence of the risk factors (independent variable) on juvenile delinquency (dependent variable) can be identified based on the value of the Odds Ratio (OR) as in Table 4. Based on Table 4, the results of the analysis of the individual factors, showed that the P-value = 0.008 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that the individual factors significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of coping mechanism, obtained a P-value = 0.186 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that the coping mechanism factors not significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of the family factors obtained a P-value = 0.005 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that family factors significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of the school environmental factors obtained P-value = 0.000 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that the Table 3. Overview of Juvenile Delinquency Based on the Type of Deviant Behavior Type of Deviant Behavior Low low - moderate Serious Violent Behavior 101 (34.2%) 126 (42.7%) 68 (23.1%) Theft/ Deprivation 143 (48.5%) 103 (34.9%) 49 (16.6%) Use of drugs 140 (47.5%) 84 (28.5%) 71 (24.1%) Destructive an property 80 (27.1%) 174 (59.0%) 41 (13.9%) Sexual Abuse / Harassment 120 (40.7%) 115 (39.0%) 60 (20.3%) Murder 250 (84.7%) 33 (11.2%) 12 (4.1%) Table 4. Analysis Test Results of the Risk Factors on the Occurrence of Juvenile Delinquency Risk Factors B P- value (sig) Odds Ratio (Exp B) Individual -0.039 0.008 0.962 Coping mechanism -0.038 0.186 0.963 Family -0.020 0.005 0.980 School environment -0.116 0.000 0.891 Peers 0.268 0.000 1.307 Lifestyle -0.111 0.000 0.895 Technology 0.346 0.000 1.413 T. ANJASWARNI ET AL. 134 | pISSN: 1858-3598  eISSN: 2502-5791 school environmental factors significant influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of the peer group factors obtained P-value = 0.000 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that peer group factors significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of lifestyle factors obtained P-value = 0.000, at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that lifestyle factors significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis of technological factors obtained P-value = 0,000 at alpha = 0.05, so it can be concluded that technological factors significantly influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Based on Table 4, it is known that of the seven risk factors, those that have a significant effect on juvenile delinquency total six, namely the variables of the individual, family, school environment, peers, lifestyle and technology. Coping mechanisms do not have a significant influence on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The results of the analysis also show that technology is the most influential factor in terms of the occurrence of juvenile delinquency with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.413. This means that the use of technology in adolescents by 1,413 times will increase the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Based on the OR value, it is known that after the technological factors, the factors that influence juvenile delinquency are their peers, family, the individual, lifestyle and the school environment. DISCUSSION Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that individual factors significantly influence juvenile delinquency. This is quite reasonable because every individual has the right to have the opportunity to do what they want. Individuals who do not have the ability or competencies for certain life skills (hard skill and soft skill), who do not have confidence in their success in the future, who do not have a good foundation of faith, have the potential to act according to their wishes. This is in accordance with the researcher's opinion that life skills or individual competence affects juvenile delinquency (Calhoun et al., 2001). This is in line with the opinion of Robles that life skills in the form of soft skills are the interpersonal qualities and personal attributes that a person has (Robles, 2012). Soft skills are a personal and interpersonal behavior related to developing and maximizing human appearance or performance. This opinion means that if an individual has life skills or competencies, then they will show their quality of life and avoid inappropriate behavior. Conversely, if individuals do not have the ability then they will do something to meet their needs by justifying any means. Coping mechanism factors do not have a significant influence on juvenile delinquency. This is not in accordance with the theory that maladaptive coping mechanisms have the potential for delinquency. An individual failure when solving problems will have the potential for behavioral disorders including juvenile delinquency. The problem of juvenile delinquency when it occurs is not only determined by the tendency to use coping mechanisms. It depends on the results of the problem solving that they do and this is supported by the environment, namely the family environment, especially the role of their parents, peers and the school environment, in this case the teacher's role. Folkman & Lazarus cited by Baqutayan (2015) explained that coping mechanisms are cognitive and behavioral efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate demands and stress. Coping mechanisms are used by individuals to ease the burden of the effects of stress. This opinion is in accordance with experts who have explained that coping mechanisms are a direct effort in stress management in order to defend themselves to create adaptive behavior. Coping mechanisms can be constructive or destructive (Stuart, 2014). The results of the family factor analysis found that there is a significant effect on juvenile delinquency. This is accordance with the opinion of experts that the family is a risk factor that affects the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Families that influence juvenile delinquency have high levels of family dynamics, violence, poverty, family dysfunction, and poor family communication and relations (Henggeler et al., 1987). This result is also in accordance with the opinion of experts who stated that parenting and bonding has an impact on the children's development. Poor parenting results in poor mother-child bonding (poor bonding) which can eventually lead to criminal behavior in children (Tremblay & Craig, 1997). In the opinion of the researchers, family factors are a risk factor that has a great potential for juvenile delinquency. This should get serious attention. Currently, family factors are not a dominant risk factor. There are other factors that are more dominant. This opinion is quite reasonable because each individual child learns life starting from the family environment. Families have a significant role in the success of their children in both the present and future. School environment factors significantly influence juvenile delinquency. This is in accordance with experts who state that the school environment is an environment outside of the family that contributes to juvenile delinquency (Calhoun et al., 2001). In the opinion of researchers, this is quite reasonable because schools are places where their peers meet, which also has a strong influence on adolescent behavior. The incompatibility of the school policies or rules and the pattern of the teacher-student relations creates the potential for adolescents to rebellion against the existing rules. Peers have a significant effect on juvenile delinquency. This is also in line with the researcher JURNAL NERS http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JNERS | 135 who found that juvenile delinquency is related to peer influence, antisocial behavior, and the quality and level of relationships in the group (Howell & Lipsey, 2012). This is further explained by other experts where bad friendships can result in problems in schools which can eventually lead to criminal behavior in children (Tremblay & Craig, 1997). In the opinion of the researcher, this is quite reasonable because peers have a big influence. This is because friendships are their main concern. At the age of adolescence, children are more likely to gather with their peers than with their parents. Teenagers are comfortable if they gather with their peers because they have the same problems. Thus, if the peer group is bad, then it will also have a negative impact on the individual adolescents. Lifestyle factors significantly influence juvenile delinquency. This is in accordance with the theory that a good lifestyle will have a good impact on adolescents. Conversely, a bad lifestyle will have an adverse effect on adolescents. Sleep rest patterns explain that sleep disorders or poor sleep patterns will interfere with emotional stability. Individuals become irritable as a result. Emotional disorders that occur due to disturbances related to sleep patterns that are not good will have the potential for violence (Taylor, Lillis, LeMone, & Lynn, 1997). Likewise, the habit of an exercise activity or recreation can reduce tension so as to make the individual behavior more adaptive. The inappropriate use of leisure time and recreational culture will have an impact on health (Tekin, 2010). Technological factors significantly influence juvenile delinquency. This is in accordance with the opinion which explains that the development of information and communication technology through the internet and cellphones (cellphones) is a phenomenon of modern society that cannot be stopped. This can have an impact on society, both positive and negative (Abdulkarim et al., 2014). This result is quite relevant because of the phenomena of life in today's technological era, making the internet and cellphones a necessity. Individuals are more pleased with cyberspace than the world of reality by using the internet and cell phone facilities that they have. Related to the six indicators of juvenile delinquency behavior, it is known that most juvenile behavior relates to the use of substances including narcotics, alcohol, psychotropics and other addictive substances (NAPZA). This is in addition to violent behavior and sexual abuse. In the opinion of the researchers, this is quite reasonable because adolescence is a period of crisis. It is a period where the person is always curious, and it is a period of trial and error. The amount of information from the various media about substance users (drugs) can stimulate the teens to try them. Likewise with violence and sexual abuse. For violence, it is usually driven by a high tolerance for the group or self- esteem that is too high so then they are very sensitive to criticism. Regarding sexual abuse, they are usually driven by curiosity and trial and error after being exposed images or videos obtained from downloads from electronic media. Furthermore, the results of the logistic regression test with the enter method make it known that there are six risk factors that significantly influence juvenile delinquency, namely individual, family, school environment, peers, lifestyle and technology variables. Coping mechanisms do not have a significant influence. Associated with coping mechanisms not having a significant effect, in the opinion of the researchers, this is because these factors are not dominant in terms of influencing adolescent attitudes and they are internal. It is known that external factors are factors that have a more powerful influence on adolescents. The possibility of a coping mechanisms will be maladaptive if the external push is too strong in adolescents. The problem of juvenile delinquency is not only determined by the tendency to use coping mechanisms, but it also depends on how they are supported by the environment, especially the family environment, which relates to the role of the parents. The results of the analysis also show that technology is the most influential factor in juvenile delinquency when compared to the other factors. This is in accordance with the opinion that explains that the development of information and communication technology through the internet and cellphones (cellphones) is a phenomenon of modern society which can have an impact on society itself both positively and negatively (Abdulkarim et al., 2014). There has been a significant shift in social life related to the cause of adolescent problems. Previous research explains that the family is a dominant factor related to the causes of adolescent problems. At this time, the cause of problematic youths (juvenile delinquency) has shifted from the original family and peer factors as the dominant factors to the technological factor. This is quite reasonable because currently, technology has become a major requirement for adolescents. Every day, every person and not only teenagers but also children, adults and even old people, use gadgets for their needs. These needs can include games, socializing, communication, or for educational, work and business needs. Nowadays, technology is a vital thing. According to the results of the study, prevention efforts are needed to prevent the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. One of the suggested prevention methods is early detection of risk or potential juvenile delinquency by examining the influential risk factors. Adolescents should be wise when utilizing technology and choosing their peers. Their parents and teachers could and should provide good relations and communication in order to create a conducive environment at home and in school. T. ANJASWARNI ET AL. 136 | pISSN: 1858-3598  eISSN: 2502-5791 CONCLUSION Technology is the factor that has the most influence on juvenile delinquency. Inappropriate use of technology, for example, the wrong use of gadgets, has the potential for juvenile delinquency. 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