IEEE Paper Template in A4 (V1) P a g e | 93 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 LET: Linguistics, Literature and English Teaching Journal ||Volume||7||Issue||1||Pages||93-119||2017|| |P-ISSN: 20869606 ; E-ISSN: 25492454| THE JARGON USED BY EMPLOYEES OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE (FBS DIVISION) AT HOTELS Muhammad Nasir Mi‟raj Juddin nasirmiraj@gmail.com English Education Department Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin Article History: Received: 7 th January 2017 Accepted: 6 th April 2017 Abstract The purpose of this research was to find out the jargon used of phenomenon in the occupation. It focused in employees of Food and Beverage Service (FBS Division) at Hotels. The subjects are fourteen employees consisting of one Food and Beverage Manager, one Food and Beverage Head of Outlets, two Supervisors and ten Waiters/Waitresses at Aria Barito Hotel Banjarmasin. The object is the jargons used while the employees of Food and Beverage Service Division are on duty. The writer uses participant observation, recording or taking note the conversation and documentary techniques. After collected, the data are analysed with theories and explained descriptive-qualitatively. The result of data analysis reveals that there are 54 jargons in Food and Beverage Service Division at Hotels. Corresponding Author: Tel.: .............................. KEYWORD Hotel; Food; Beverage Service Division; Jargon. INTRODUCTION Every people in the world interact and communicate each other with language. Wardhaugh (2002: 3) states a language is a system of arbitrary verbal symbol, which is used by the members of a speech community as a mean of communication to interact and express their ideas, feelings and thoughts. Therefore, it simply says that language is essentially a set of items (sounds, grammars, and meaning of words) that is used to communicate each other in order Available online at: jurnal.uin-antasari.ac.id/index.php/let mailto:nasirmiraj@gmail.com P a g e | 94 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 to understand what the other people‟s ideas, feelings and thoughts. Language is learned and explained in linguistics. In linguistics field, it is divided into several branches; one of them is sociolinguistics. The term of sociolinguistics is used generally for the study of the relationship between language and society (Yule, 2006: 205). Sociolinguistics is also the study about relationship between language and society with the goal of better understanding of language structure and how the function of language in communication. Trask (1999: 282) defines sociolinguistics as a branch of linguistics which the relationship between language and society. They are interested in explaining why we speak differently in different social contexts, and they concerned with identifying the social function of language and the ways it is used to convey social meaning (Holmes, 2008: 1). Therefore, language is the most fundamental instrument when society begins to communicate. In the social communication, there are many varieties of language, which are register, slang, style and jargon. In this research, the writer will discuss more about jargon. The basic concept that should comprehend is how jargon happened in society. Society uses jargon to create their own identity of their profession itself. They use the same language and the same vocabularies in the same area. It means that jargon aims to show what the professions are, because jargon vocabulary sometimes unknown by outsiders and used by certain groups or professions in working area. Different groups have different jargon. Jargon is certain language that is special language and usually used by profession or group of society. The language also usually only be understood by the group itself. Fromkin et al (1996: 313) emphasizes that Jargon is used by different professional and social groups in so extensive and so obscure in meaning. Jargon refers to the unique vocabulary used by particular groups of people to facilitate for communication. Jargon is also assumed as language variety contain a set of unique vocabulary that used by people who have same interest, class (social status), or same position in certain area, for instance in working area. In working area, there are so many professions that used jargon, for example; politicians, comedians, entertainer, pilots, military, hotel etc. They have P a g e | 95 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 their own jargon and use it in their field in order to make their communication to be easier. It is assumed that jargon is used by many professions in different fields. One of field that uses jargon is hotel. Hotel as one of the job-fields that used jargon as communication tools, it has divisions such as food and beverage service, housekeeping, front office, engineering, and sales marketing. In this research, the writer is only concerning to Food and Beverage Service (FBS Division). FBS division is usually refers to waiters/waitresses. Waiter/waitress of hotel is a server who works in the outlets of hotel. The basic function of waiter is to provide courteous and efficient service to guests according to established service standards and procedures. FBS division uses the jargon to make their communication easier in working area. The jargon is that usually used by waiter for example is “pax”, the meaning of “pax” is a hospitality industry term used interchangeably with “people”. Therefore, number of “pax” is typically in reference to the number of guests at a restaurant, number of costumers at a party, number of occupants in a hotel, number of passengers in an aircraft and etc. The example of “pax” in sentence is “Pls set up class room for 50 pax at Barito Ballroom”. Those are the examples of the jargon that usually used by the employees at hotels. Therefore, this research was purposed to get the jargons that used by employees of Food and Beverage Service Division at Hotels. Jargon Allan and Burridge (2006: 56) define jargon is the language peculiar to particular context like a trade, profession or other group. It is the language used in a body of spoken or written texts, dealing with a circumscribed domain in which speakers share a common specialized vocabulary, habits of word usage and forms expression. In addition, Yule (2006: 211) states jargon is a special technical vocabulary associated with a particular area of work or interest. In social terms, jargon helps to create and maintain connections among those who see themselves as „insiders‟ in some way and to exclude „outsiders‟. P a g e | 96 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 Hornby (1995: 296) also states that jargon consists of technical words or expressions used by a particular profession or group of people and difficult for others to understand. The group here can be a professional or social group. Furthermore, Spolsky (1998: 33) defines jargon as speech used by marked group of people such as a trade or occupation. A specialized bond between members of in-group and enforce boundaries outside. If the people do not understand a certain jargon, it means that they do not belong to a certain group. Jargon can be useful for conveying meaning precisely and effectively for specific communities. However, it may also exclude and/or confuse those who not “in-group”. Thus, speakers and writers need to be aware of their audiences when deciding to use jargon appropriately. Moreover, Crystal (2003) defines jargon as the technical vocabulary or idiom of special activity or group. The reality is that everyone uses jargon; it is an essential part of the network or occupation and pursuits, which wake up a society. All jobs present an element of jargon, which workers learn as they develop their expertise. All hobbies require mastery of a jargon. All sports and games have their own jargon. Each society grouping has its jargon. The occupation of person causes his language to vary, particularly in the use he makes of technical terms. The phenomenon of using jargon therefore, turns out to be universal and valuable. Fromkin et al (1996: 314) state many jargon terms pass into the standard language. The characteristic of jargon is spread from a norrow group until it is used and understood by large segment of the population. Richards and Schmidt (2002: 278) define jargon as spoken or written words and expressions used by a group of people who belong to a particular trade, profession or any other group bound together by common attention, e.g. the jargon of law, medical jargon. A jargon its own set of words and expressions, which may be incomprehensible to an outsider. The term jargon is typically not used by the group but by those unfamiliar with that particular type of language. In conclusion, jargon is technical language that can be seen as occupational verieties. It is an exclusive term in which mostly known by the insiders. P a g e | 97 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 The Functions of Jargon According to Brown and Attardo (2006: 119), jargon has two main functions, which are: a. Provide speakers of specialized domains with clear, unambiguous terms to refer to their activities. b. Provide speakers of a subgroup with a means of marking in-group membership and excluding outsiders. Similary, Allan and Burridge (2006: 58) state the function of jargon are: First is to serve as a technical or specialist language for precise and economical communication. Second is to promote in-group solidarity and to exclude as out- groupers those people who do not use the jargon. There are the functions of jargon. Based on those functions, jargon can make the communication quicker and easier to understand. However, when used the jargon with outside the field, it can be confusing and difficult for understanding. It is often used to show social identification about they are part of the group or not. METHOD This research used descriptive qualitative data because the type of this research is Conversation Analysis (CA) which intended to analyze jargon that used by employees of Food and Beverage Service (FBS Division) at Hotels. According to Sidnell (2010: 1), CA is an approach within the social sciences that aims to describe, analyze and understand talk as a basic and constitutive feature of human social life. Ary et al (2002: 565) state qualitative research is the study or analysis phenomena from the perspective of the human participant in natural setting without providing the predetermining hypotheses. Therefore, this research is called as qualitative research because the writer conducted the research based on the transcript of employees‟ conversation and interview. Then, the writer concluded the research descriptively based on the findings and related the theories. P a g e | 98 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 In gaining the data, the research took place at Aria Barito Hotel Banjarmasin, which is located at JL. MT. Haryono No. 16 Banjarmasin 70111. The subject of this research is the employees of FBS division at Aria Barito Hotel Banjarmasin. They are consisting of one Food and Beverage Department Manager, one Head of F&B Outlets, two Supervisors and 10 waiters/waitresses. The data that is needed are audio recording, taking note and transcript of employees‟ conversation when they are on duty to find out the jargons and the meaning of jargons. The audio recording and taking note will be taken from while the writer is on job and the conversation is appropriate containing the jargons of FBS Division. Besides, the writer needs the result of interview to gain the meaning of jargon in this division. Related to the techniques of data collection, the writer used participant observation for getting and understanding the jargons authentically, interview for asking the meaning of jargons from participant in a study, and documentary for completing the data. After the data are collected and processed, the data is then analyzed into good hierarchy. The analysis helps the writer to highlight some important conclusion from this research. The conclusion are taken trough inductive way. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION The data of this research was taken from utterance and conversation used by employees of FBS Division at Aria Barito Hotel Banjarmasin. The recording in this research was collected randomly, because the writer only chosen the topics that contain appropriate words of jargon. The writer presents the description below about each jargon found while the writer was on job. NOTE: (1) M = F&B Manager (4) W = Waiter / Ws = Waitress (2) HO = Head of F&B Outlets (5) C = Casual (Freelencer Waiter) (3) S = Supervisor NO Jargons in Conversation Information and Meaning P a g e | 99 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 1 W3: De, bentar lagi selesai breakfast. Jadi tunggu di sini aja ya! (W1, the time of breakfast is almost done. So, just stay in here right!) W1: Iya bang. (Okay) Breakfast Breakfast is the first meal of the day that is eaten in the morning. The context of this conversation is when the waiter tells to his partner about that breakfast period will be done in several minute. It means, the waiters must be ready for preparing the next meal period or clearing the dining room. This hotel provides breakfast start from 6 am – 10 am. 2 W1: Bang, apa lagi nih yang belum buat lunch? (What is the next for lunch?) W3: Dusting sama set up de! (Dusting and set up) Lunch Lunch is a meal that is eaten in the middle of the day. The context of this conversation is when the waiter asks to his partner about lunch preparation. This hotel provides lunch start from 12 pm – 3 pm. 3 HO: Assalammualaikum.. untuk event hari ini wain sampai dinner DPRD Tabalong. (For DPRD Tabalong in wain room is running up until dinner) Dinner Dinner is the main meal of the day that is eaten in the evening. This is the utterance of HO in briefing. The context of this utterance is about the event will the end in dinner period, therefore the waiters must to prepare the room, coffee break and dinner for this event. 4 W1: Emang biasanya ada aja kah bany yang makan Supper Supper is a small meal eaten in the late P a g e | 100 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 malam-malam? (Is there any costumer order the meals in the late evening?) W3: Iya ada la yang Supper itu. (Yes, there is for supper.) evening. The context of this conversation is when the waiter asks to his partner about the existing of supper period and the waiters must to prepare this period after dinner. Therefore, the restaurant in hotel is open for 24 hours. 5 W1: Disini buat tempat apa bang? (This space is for?) W3: Ini…….Buat Appetizer. (This is for……… Appetizer). Appetizer Appetizer is a small dish taken before a meal or main course of a meal to stimulate the appetite, e.g. salad, soup, etc. The context of this conversation is when the waiter asks the place position of appetizer. 6 M: ….. kalo kamu gak tau letak kopi tehnya? Nah disini. Ini main course nya….. (If you do not know the place of coffee and tea? Yeah, here are they. Then, this is the main course) Main Course Main Course is the primary dish in a meal. The context of this utterance is when the manager explains the place position of main course. 7 W8: Jadi kalau nyuguhkan makanan itu kalo lengkap harus ada appetizer, main course, terakhir dessert….. (You must to serve the meals completely, Dessert Dessert is the sweet course eaten at the end of a meal, e.g sweet cake or pudding. The context of this conversation is when the waiter explains to his partner about the structure of dishes. P a g e | 101 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 consisting of appetizer, main course and the last is dessert……) W1: Oh… iya bang. (Okay, I see.) 8 HO: Eh, orang aja udah selesai breakfast, buat apa ini?(breakfast is done, why you are making this one?) W2: Tau juga pak yanti yang minta dari tadi. Minta bikinin welcome drink-welcome drink. (I do not know, sir. This is the request by yanti to supply welcome drink.) Welcome Drink Welcome Drink is a fresh beverage for welcoming the guest. The context of this conversation is about the distribution of welcome drink who made by waiter. 9 Chef: Eh, condiment nya nih andak sebelah mana? (Where the condiment is place?) W1: Di sebelah situ pak, samping kerupuk. (There is, sir. Beside the chips.) Condiment Condiment is a spice, sauce or preparation that is added to food to impart a particular flavor, to enhance its flavor, or in some cultures, to complement the dish. The context of this conversation is about putting the condiment in the buffet. 10 W2: Di mana nih CO nya? Habis kah yo… (Where is the CO? Is CO stands for Captain Order CO /Ce-O/ is pronounced in Indonesian way. P a g e | 102 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 this run out of?) W1: Kada tau bang. Coba cek di depan! (I do not know. Try to check in front!) CO is an order form, who is made by waiter/waitress. It is for taking order and distributing to kitchen and cashier. The context of this conversation is when the waiter asks to his partner about where is to find of CO. 11 W1: Ayo kita set up nah. Mumpung lagi nganggur. (Come on, we set up. As long as we are free.) W5: Belum ada BEO nya lagi. (The BEO is not ready) W1: Iya kah. Mehadang ae dulu berarti. (Okay, we are waiting!) BEO stands for Banquet Event Order BEO /Beo/ is pronounced in Indonesian way. BEO is a form of MICE reservation that made by marketing and distribute to F&B Department to prepare rooms and meals of event. The context of this conversation is when the waiter 5 explains we need the BEO for setting up the room of reservation.) 12 W1: Ngapain waiter 5? (What are you doing?) W5: Bikin WO buat acara nanti. (Making WO for the event next time.) W1: Apa aja isinya tuh? (What are they?) W5: Lampu-lampu pang yang pasti minta ganti. (The lamps those are not work.) WO stands for Work Order WO /We-O/ is pronounced in Indonesian way. WO is a request form from an employer to an employment agency to provide someone to do a particular job. The context of this conversation is when the waiter 1 asks to his partner about the list of WO. 13 S: Waiter 5! Kamu udah SR ke bawah. (have you SR stands for Store Request SR /eS-eR/ is pronounced in Indonesian P a g e | 103 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 gave the SR in downstaitrs?) W5: Iya sudah pak. Tapi belum di ambil barangnya pak. (Yes, I have sir. But I am not take the things yet.) way. SR is a written request from department to the procurement area for purchasing a specific item, e.g sugar, milk, mineral water, fruits, or coffee and tea. The context of this conversation is when the supervisor asks to waiter about purchasing of specific items is already done by SR form. 14 W2: amun makan siang, makan malam pakai a la carte. (lunch and dinner are using a la carte.) W1: oh gitu ya bang. (Oh, I see.) Ă la carte Ă la carte is a type of menu, which each item is separately listed, described and priced. The context of this conversation is about the explanation of type of menu that will be used. 15 W2: Itu paling mun pagi ni. Mengawasi buffet (menu) mun habis diganti. (keeping the buffet* (*it refers to the dishes) will run out of) W1: Oke bang! (Okay) W1: Bang, tea cup ada dimana? (where is the tea cup?) W3: Ambil aja di buffet Buffet Buffet is a buffet menu offers the dishes presented in the buffet (counters) which guests serve themselves from various dishes displayed on a buffet. There are the samples of conversation that show in first conversation talking about the buffet menu. The second conversation is talking about buffet counter as place displaying food and equipment; such as glass, plate and etc. P a g e | 104 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 (Counter) de! (Take it on the buffet.) 16 W5: Waiter 1 ambilkan kue yang ada tulisan 30 pax di pastry! (Waiter 1! Please, take the snack with the note 30 pax in pastry.) Pastry Pastry refers to sweet cake with cream, jam or fruit filling. In this case Pastry refers to the room where produces, provides and supplies the cake in the hotel. 17 W8: De bantu ngantar makanan ke EDR Manager! (Please, help me deliver the meal to EDR Manager!) W1: Oke bang. (Okay) EDR stands for Employee Dining Room EDR /i:-De-eR/ is pronounced in English and Indonesian way. EDR is dining room for the employees. The context of this conversation is when the waiter asks to his partner about to prepare the meal in EDR Manager. 18 W5: Waiter 1, besok ada event sekalinya di Ballroom. (Tomorrow, ballroom has an event.) W1: Iya kah? Sudah kam set up lah? (Is that true? Have you prepare the room?) Ballroom Ballroom is a large room usually used for party, wedding or banquet. The context of this conversation is when the waiter tells about Barito Ballroom has an event for tomorrow. The name of Ballroom in this Hotel is Barito Ballroom. Every hotel has special name for their room, e.g Himalaya Ballroom in Banjarmasin International Hotel and Neptunus Ballroom in Golden Tulip Banjarmasin. 19 W1: Nih mau kemana bang? (Where do you want to Free Function Free Function is room for take a rest in a P a g e | 105 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 go?) W3: Mau cek free function. (I want to check free function.) meeting or conference, usually this room is for coffee break or dining room. The context of this conversation is about checking free function room when it used for coffee break and lunch. 20 HO: Sudah CB kah? (Is that already done for coffee break?) W1: Belum lagi pak. (Not yet, sir!) CB stands for Coffee Break CB /Ce-Be/ is pronounced in Indonesian way. Coffee Break is a rest period during the business/meeting day to have coffee/tea and some other refreshment, usually about 10 or 15 minutes. CB 1 = The first of rest period at 8 am – 10 am. CB 2 = The second of rest period at 2 pm- 4 pm. CB 3 = The third of rest period at 8 pm – 10 pm. The context of this conversation is talking about the guests have done the coffee break or not yet. 21 HO: ...Terus lagi Jum‟at Sabtu itu rasanya ada di Mahakam 350 pax theater. (Then… Friday and Saturday, I think there are an event in Mahakam Room 350 pax theater.) Theater set Theater set is setting of seat or chairs in rows facing a stage area, using chairs only. The context of this utterance is about setting of meeting or ceremony room. 22 W1: Sudah kam set up lah? (Have you already set up the room?) W5: Belum lagi. Classroom Classroom set Classroom set is a row of conference tables with chairs facing the front of a room, providing writing space for each P a g e | 106 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 200 pax itu. (Not yet, that is classroom 200 pax.) person. The context of this conversation is talking about preparation of meeting room that sets with classroom set. 23 HO:…..Besok itu Kementrian Agama, Mahakam, Mentaya, Martapura, setnya round table. (Tomorrow is Kementrian Agama in Mhakam, Mentaya and Martapura Room with round table set.) Round Table set Round Table is setting of conference or group discussion using round tables. The context of this utterance is talking about preparation of meeting room that sets with Round Table set. 24 W1: Waiter 5 set up apa nih di wain? (What is the setting of this room) W5: Set up U shape nah buat besok 20 pax. (U Shape for 20 pax) U Shape set U shape set is a series of conference tables set in the shape of the letter U, with chairs around the outside. The context of this conversation is about the preparation of meeting room that sets with U shape. 25 W1: Ini berapa pax bang? (How many pax is this?) W3: Gak banyak, cuman 75 pax. (That is not much, only 75 pax.) Pax Pax refers to the person, passenger or guest. The context of this conversation is talking about the information of guests‟ number (Pax) for preparing their meals, rooms or all the things their reserved. 26 W5: Iya pak! Udah nett harganya. (Yes, sir! The Nett Nett is the cost of something that is P a g e | 107 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 cost is nett) including tax 10% and service charge 11%. The context of this utterance is about the cost that includes the tax, it called nett. Example: Fried Rice Borneo only IDR 50.000 nett/pax. 27 HO: Nah kita punya promo buat buka puasa, yaitu harga Rp. 85.000 nett/pax udah itu, gak ++ (plus-plus) ya itu. (We have promo in break fasting package, the cost only 85.000 nett/pax, not ++.) ++ /plʌs- plʌs/ is pronounced in English way. ++ is cost of something that is excluding tax 10% and service charge 11%. The context of this utterance is about the information of cost package promo is not ++. Example: Milkshake start from IDR 35.000 ++ 28 W1: Pak, ini memang waiter 5 ya yang pegang? (Pak, is he handle this event?) HO: Iya, dia PIC nya. (Yes, he is the PIC.) PIC stands for Person in Charge PIC /pi:-aɪ-si:/ is pronounced in English way. PIC is a person/employee who responsible of the event, meeting or conference. The context of this conversation is talking about the responsible (PIC) of that event. 29 W4: Nanti serahin ini bill nya lah. Kalo lagi DnD di ketok aja. (Give this bill to the guest. If the room is DnD, only knock the door.) DnD stands for Don’t Disturb DnD /di:- ɛn-di:/ is pronounced in English way. DnD is room status that cannot be disturbed by the employees of hotel. The context of this conversation is about, P a g e | 108 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 W1: Siap, bang! (Okay!) if the guest in room is busy, he/she usually uses the note/symbol of “do not disturb”. 30 W1: Bang tolong taking orderkan ya. (Please, taking order bang!) W2: Oke bro. (Okay, bro!) Taking Order Taking Order is a process of receiving and collecting the orders from the guests/customers. The context of this conversation is about the waiter asks to his partner for taking the order from the newcomer of guest. 31 W1: Bang, apa lagi nih yang belum buat lunch? (What is the next for lunch?) W3: Dusting sama set up de! (Dusting and set up) Dusting Table Dusting Table is clearing the table after use. It is using the chemical spray for clearing the table. The context of this conversation is about the waiter asks to his partner for the next activity, that is dusting table. 32 W1: Bang, apa lagi nih yang belum buat lunch? (What is the next for lunch?) W3: Dusting sama set up de! (Dusting and set up) Set up Set up is a setting of table, rooms or something must to prepare in advance. The context of this conversation is about the waiter asks to his partner for the next activity, that is set up. 33 W3: De, kalonya clear up sendok nya jangan dibalik biar gak jatuh. (If you clear up, do not rolled back the spoon. If you rolled back the spoon will fall) W1: Iya, bang. (Okay) Clear up Clear up is a process of taking dirty items such as plate, cutlery or glass on the guests‟ table. The context of this conversation is talking about the tips of clear up. P a g e | 109 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 34 HO: Kalo clear up, meja nya sekalian di crumbing ya kalo ada nasi atau apa. (If you are clearing up, do not forget for crumbing the crumbs) W1: Iya pak. (Yes, sir!) Crumbing Down Crumbing Down is clearing the crumbs of food on the table. The context of this conversation is about the head outlets asks to waiter for crumbing down the crumbs after or before clearing up the equipment) 35 W3: Gak usah di set up de, Nanti aja sekalian! Udah jam 10 kita closing aja. (Do not set up it, later we do. Because this is 10 am, we must to closing.) W1: Oh iya kh Bang. (Okay) Closing Closing is the end of an activity, such as closing time of breakfast, lunch, dinner or coffee break. The context of this conversation is about the waiter asks to his partner for closing of breakfast time. 36 W1: Nih apa lagi bang? (What is the next?) W3: Poles-poles tea cup aja dulu. Masih kurang. (Polishing tea cup, we need more.) Polish Polish is clearing and drying the equipment after washed. The context of this conversation is about the waiter 3 tells to his partner for polishing the equipment that they need. 37 W5: Waiter 1.. Kam pouringi gelas yang kosong tu lah. (You are Pouring the empty glass!) W1: Oke.. (Okay) Pouring Pouring is filling the water into the glass. The context of this conversation is about the waiter asks to his partner for filling (pouring) the water into the empty glass on the guests‟ table. 38 W4: Waiter 1, kam di minta Check Floor P a g e | 110 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 pak FB Outlet ke lantai 3 buat check floor. (The Head of FB Outlets asked you for checking the floor) W1: Oke bang. (Okay) Check Floor is a process for checking the floor in front of the guests‟ rooms to clear up the equipment of room service, such as plate, glass, or cutlery. The context of this conversation is about the waiter gives the information from Head of FB Outlets for checking the floor. 39 W5: Waiter 1… Di grooming gin! (Grooming, please!) W1: Apanya? (What?) W5: Tuh kaya janggut, rambut kam. (Your beard and hair) Grooming Grooming is the things that you do to make your appearance clean and neat. The context of this conversation is about the waiter 5 asks to his partner for grooming his appearance. 40 W5: Ituh banyak pak. (There are many, sir!) HO: Udah OO itu. (Those are OO W5: Coba saya cek pak di bawah kalo ada. (I try to check in downstairs) OO stands for Out of Order OO /O-O/ is pronounced in Indonesian way. OO is about product that is not proper to be used again. The context of this conversation is talking about of something that is not proper to be used again (OO). 41 M: waiter 3, tolong buat ibu itu breakfast nya minta di takeaway. (Please, takeaway the breakfast of her.) W3: Siap pak! (Yes, sir!) Takeaway Takeaway is a meal cooked and bought at a shop or restaurant but taken somewhere else. The context of this conversation is about the Manager asks to waiter 3 for preparing the takeaway of the guest. 42 W1: B&B nya berapa B&B Plate stands for Bread and Butter P a g e | 111 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 banyak bang? (How many B&B that we need?) W3: B&B nya, ya…. 300 an. (I think 300.) Plate B&B /bi:-ən-bi:/ is pronounced in English way. B&B Plate is a plate for serving bread and butter. The context of this conversation is talking about B&B Plate that they need for the event. 43 W1: Pake b&b kah bang? (It uses B&B plate?) W3: Enggak, pake yang dessert plate. (No, it uses dessert plate.) Dessert Plate Dessert Plate is a small plate usually 8 inches diameter used for the dessert. The context of this conversation is about dessert plate that suitable with the dessert. 44 S: Waiter 1, tolong dinner plate ini di masukkan ke sana ya. (Please, put the dinner plate in there!) W1: Di sebelah sana ya pak? (Is there, sir?) Dinner Plate Dinner Plate is a large plate usually 10 inches in diameter used for the main course of a meal. The context of this conversation is about the Supervisor asks to waiter 1 for putting the dinner plate. 45 W1: Pak dinner spoon sama fork nya gak cukup, pake dessert aja biasa? (Sir, the dinner spoons and forks are not enough, how about if we use dessert?) S: Iya boleh, Tapi di cocokin sama fork Dinner Spoon and Fork Dinner Spoon and Fork is a spoon or fork on the table to use for eating the main course. The context of this conversation is about the stock of dinner spoons and forks are not enough for preparation of that event. P a g e | 112 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 nya ya! (Okay. But, you must to match with the fork.) 46 W1: Pak dinner spoon sama fork nya gak cukup, pake dessert aja biasa? (Sir, the dinner spoons and forks are not enough, how about if we use dessert?) S: Iya boleh, Tapi di cocokin sama fork nya ya! (Okay. But, you must to match with the fork.) Dessert Spoon and Fork Dessert Spoon and Fork is a spoon or fork on the table to use for eating the dessert. The context of this conversation is about the option for using dessert spoons and forks, if dinner spoon and fork are not enough. 47 W3: Sekalian cek tu soup spoon nya masih ada gak? (Please, check the soup spoon. Is there any? W1: Masih bang. (There is, bang!) Soup Spoon Soup Spoon is a rounded spoon used for eating the soup. The context of this conversation is about checking the stock of soup spoon. 48 W1: Bang, nih ada yang perlu di ambil kah di coffee shop? (Do you need something in coffee shop?) W3: Iya de, masih kurang 2 seving spoon sama Serving Spoon and Fork Serving Spoon and Fork is a large spoon or fork used to serve out individual portions of food. The context of this conversation is about they need serving spoon and fork for their preparation of the event. P a g e | 113 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 fork nya! (Yes, We need 2 serving spoons and forks!) 49 W3: De tolong ambilin serving tong ya di coffee shop. (Please, take the serving tong in coffee shop!) W1: Berapa banyak perlunya bang? (How many serving tongs that you need?) W3: Hmmm.. 4 lah ambilkan. (4 serving tongs) Serving Tong Serving Tong is a utensil to grasp food so it can be moved from one location to another to be flipped that may be hot or simply best handled with a tong. The context of this conversation is about they need serving tong for their preparation of the event. 50 W1: Waiter 5.. Ni duck spoon nya habis kah? (The duck spoon is run out of?) W5: Hi‟ih. Pakai soup spoon ja lu.(Yes. you can use soup spoon in a while.) Duck Spoon Duck Spoon is a type of spoon with a short, thick handle extending directly from a deep, flat bowl. The context of this conversation is about confirmation of duck spoon that still available or not. 51 W5: Waiter 1.. Poleskan 30 goblet lah buat di ballroom.(Please, Polish 30 goblets for the ballroom.) W1: Iya. (Yes) Goblet Goblet is a drinking glass with a foot and a steam. It is for serving mineral water. The context of this conversation is about preparing goblet for the event in the ballroom. 52 W1: Kalo buat welcome Highball P a g e | 114 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 drink bang? (Which one the glass for welcome drink?) W2: Tuh pakai highball. (That is using highball) Highball is a tall glass. It is for serving welcome drink. The context of this conversation is about highball as the glass that serves the welcome drink. 53 W2: Lain pakai goblet, Pakai gelas yang poco grande. (That is not using goblet, but poco grande) Poco Grande Poco Grande is a drinking glass with a fluted bowl shape, foot and steam. It is for serving a mocktail. The context of this conversation is about the information for serving the beverage that uses poco grande. 54 W5: Waiter 1… kam tunggu sini lah! Aku mau ambil filter queen. (Wait in here. I will take filter queen.) W1: Iya ku tunggu. (Yes, I will wait.) Filter Queen Filter Queen is a device for removing and filtering the room with aromatic perfume. The context of this conversation is about the waiter 5 asks to his partner for waiting the room as long as he takes the filter queen. Based on the findings, the writer found 54 jargons that used by employees of FBS Division at Hotels while they were on duty. The writer collected those jargons in 21 days of research. Jargons of FBS Division These findings can prove the theory, which the writer present in chapter II. Yule (2006: 211) states jargon is a special technical vocabulary that associated with a particular area of work. The employees of Food and Beverage Service (FBS Division) used the special technical vocabularies in their occupation. It P a g e | 115 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 showed while they were on the job. The writer takes the part of conversation in transcript below: Waiter 5: Waiter 1… Sudah kah di clear up tuh? Waiter 1: Sudah semuanya. Waiter 1: Waiter 5 set up apa nih di wain? Waiter 5: Set up U shape nah buat besok 20 pax. Waiter 1: Bang apa lagi nih yang belum buat lunch? Waiter 3: Dusting sama set up de. Mana lagi cover nya ya? Waiter 3: Poles-poles tea cup aja dulu. Masih kurang. Waiter 1: Ayo kita bang. The transcript above indicated employees of FBS Division used the special technical vocabularies, which called jargon. Clear up, set up, dusting table and poles (polishing) are some of the jargons that only used in this occupation. FUNCTIONS OF JARGON Based on theory, the functions of jargon are: 1) Clear, Unambiguous and Economical Terms The first function is for making the conversation clearly and unambiguously. According to Brown and Attardo (2006: 119) the function of jargon is to provide speakers of specialized domains with clear and unambiguous terms to refer to their activities. Clear and unambiguous terms: Here, the writer shows the sample of conversation with clear and unambiguous terms while the writer was on job. Waiter 3: Oh iya, dinner spoonnya belum de! Waiter 1: Ini bang biar ku taroh. Waiter 1: Waiter 5.. Ni duck spoon nya habis kah? Waiter 5: Hi‟ih. Pakai soup spoon ja lu. Based on the samples of conversation above, they are fitting with the theory. In FBS Division, there are many kinds of spoon, such as dinner P a g e | 116 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 spoon, dessert spoon, serving spoon, soup spoon and duck spoon. Therefore, the employees in this division used jargons for making their conversation clear and unambiguous to refer their activities. Economical Communication Allan and Burridge (2006: 58) state the function of jargon is to serve as a technical or specialist language for precise and economical communication. This theory proved in this research by the sample of conversation below: Waiter 2: Udah kamu set up aja. Tau lo di dusting dulu? Waitress 6: Iya kak. Waiter 3: Dusting sama set up de. Mana lagi cover nya ya? Waiter 4: Banyak ja lagi disitu covernya. Waiter 2: Di mana nih CO nya? Habis kah yo… Waiter 1: Kada tau bang. Coba cek di depan! Employees of FBS Division sometimes prefer said the jargon in a single word than in a length phrase of jargons. Those found on the conversation while the writer was on job. They reduced the forms of dusting table and glass cover into dusting and cover. Then, they reduced the form of captain order in abbreviation into CO (/ce-o/ is pronounced in Indonesian way). It shows by those facts; they used jargons in their field for making the communication more economical precise. 2) Promote Group Solidarity The second function of jargon, stated by Allan and Burridge (2006: 58) is to promote in-group solidarity and to exclude as out-groupers those people who do not use the jargon. The fact is the employees of FBS Division have their own a particular word that is called jargon and used it in their field in order to make their communication become easier to be understood by people in this profession. In other hand, people who do not belong to this profession will be difficult to understand and comprehend the meaning of the jargons. It means, the jargon in this profession can promote the solidarity in a teamwork P a g e | 117 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 or group, because they used the same language in every communication at the hotel. According to the transcript of conversation: Waiter 1: Iya bang. Gak papa bang gak di dusting? Waiter 3: Ya, seharusnya di dusting, tapikan ini gak kepake. nanti yang di ujung sana aja yang di dusting. Based on the conversation above, that showed the solidarity between waiter 1 and waiter 3. They used the same jargon for mentioning the same thing – dusting. Dusting in this term means clearing the table after it used. Waiter 1 will not say “dusting” to other people outside of FBS division. 3) Mark the Group Membership The third function of jargon according to Brown and Attardo (2006: 119) is to provide speakers of a subgroup with a means of marking in-group membership and excluding outsiders. Therefore people can mark the speaker as a part of group or not and identifying the speakers‟ group or profession by the conversation. Sample of conversation in transcript: Supervisor 1 : Kamu poles yaaa! Bisakan moles? Waiter 1 : Iya. Moles atau set up dulu pak? Supervisor 1 : Moles terus langsung set up aja. Waiter 1 : Waiter 5 set up apa nih di wain? Waiter 5 : Set up U shape nah buat besok 20 pax. From the conversation above, it clears to see that the employees as a part of the group by the jargon that they used. They used polish, set up and U shape to mark themselves as part of FBS division employees. It is because, these jargons only can found in this profession. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION P a g e | 118 Muhammad Nasir Mi’raj Juddin LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol.7 No. 1 2017 Conclusion Based on the research, which was conducted from the employees of Food and Beverage Service (FBS Division) at Hotels, the writer found 54 jargons during the employees have the conversation while on duty. The sample of jargons in this division are ballroom, pax, nett, set up, polish, crumbing down, clear up, CO, BEO, and etc. In terms of the meaning of jargon, the meaning is defined based on three considerations. First is based on the lexical meaning. Second is based on the interpretation from the observation and third is from clarification with the employees. Therefore, the meaning of the jargon is described clearly to make the reader easy to understand. Eventually, every occupation has their own jargon. In this research showed the jargon has many functions in their transaction while on duty. The functions of jargon are; first, the jargon is clear, unambiguous and economical terms. Second, promote their group solidarity. Third, mark the group membership. This research was conducted for getting the jargons in FBS Division, meaning and functions of jargon. The writer suggests to the further researcher for investigating a deep case statement, for example the word formation process of jargons in this division or other occupation. This research is expected to contribute as a teaching and learning source of material in authentically on the Sociolinguistic, ESP subjects and all majorities in vocational school, such as Hotelier Department, Culinary Department or Tourism Department. REFERENCES Allan, K and Kate, B. (2006). Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ary, D. Cheser L. J. and Asghar R. (2002). Introduction to Research in Education sixth edition. California: Wadsworth Group.. Brown, S. and Salvatore, A. (2009). 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