Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 LET: Linguistics, Literature and English Teaching Journal ||Volume||11||Issue||2||Pages||105-124||2021|| |P-ISSN: 20869606; E-ISSN: 25492454| Available online at: http://jurnal.uin-antasari.ac.id/index.php STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH IDIOMS INTO BAHASA INDONESIA OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION Nadilla Ariyani nadillaariyani08@gmail.com Rina Listia rina_listia@ulm.ac.id Elvina Arapah elvina_arapah@ulm.ac.id Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia Article History: Received: 01 August 2021 Accepted: 05 November 2021 This study aims are to describe the strategies that students use in translating the English idioms into Bahasa Indonesia. The researchers used descriptive qualitative research, and the subjects of this research were 50 students batch 2017 of English Department Universitas Lambung Mangkurat in translation class. The instruments to collect the data were a test and a questionnaire. The data analysis applied was descriptive analysis which involves organize it, divide it into manageable units, and summarize it. The findings showed that the students used four strategies. First, they used the idioms of similar meaning and form strategies. Second, students translated using the idioms of similar meaning, but dissimilar form strategies. Students who don’t know the same idioms from the SL used the third strategy, translation by paraphrase to see the entire context and paraphrase to find the meaning, change the idiom to non-idiom is easier to understand the meaning. The last strategy is translation by omission, if paraphrasing idioms is difficult then students will be omitted the entire idioms or sentences. Corresponding Author: rina_listia@ulm.ac.id Keywords: Translation; Translation Strategies; English idioms; INTRODUCTION As a foreign language, translating English has many problems resulting from the differences between the native (source) and target language. The http://jurnal.uin-antasari.ac.id/index.php mailto:Nadillaariyani09@gmaiil.com mailto:Rina_listia@ulm.ac.id mailto:elvina_arapah@ulm.ac.id mailto:Rina_listia@ulm.ac.id P a g e | 106 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 differences may be because of the culture or the linguistics background. Translation happens when the source language changes to target language. Translation is an actual issue to be discussed in the scope of foreign language learning. According to Bell (1991) translation is about transferring the meaning from source language into target language. From the definition, it can be seen translation is not simply about literary changing word to word, sentence to sentence in source language into target language. Yet, it also requires knowledge and understanding to choose the closest and the most proper equivalence in target language to properly convey the message contained in sources language into target language. According to Newmark (1988:26) in his book mentions that translation is a process of people to transferring the meaning of a source language into a target language in a way that the writer or reader intends the language to be understood. There are many types of translation techniques; one of them is idiomatic translation. The idiomatic translation is a complicated process when translator transfers the meaning from source language to target language, every language has different translation, and idioms cannot be translated literally. A lot of English idioms that are so often used that native one cannot compare whether the sentence is an idiom or not. Each country usually has a different idiom but the meaning is the same. Translating idioms can be tricky, since people might find it difficult to find the equivalent meaning to the target language. This might be caused by their culture and different terms. For example, in Western culture, milk is considered to be an important part of meal, while in Eastern, its rice. For example, "cry over spilt milk" which means that getting upset over certain things, like spilled milk, is not going to fix it. In Indonesia also has the same expression namely “Nasi sudah menjadi bubur”, these two expressions are different but have the same meaning, English idioms use the word "spilled milk" as the object of regret, while in Indonesia use "rice that has become porridge". Cultural differences are also one of the idiom reasons for each country is different, because "milk" is more suitable for western countries while Indonesia is more familiar with "rice" as a staple food for the eastern region. Regarding to the explanation above, the researcher conducts a research entitle “The Students’ Strategies in Translating English Idioms into Bahasa P a g e | 107 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 Indonesia of English Language Education Batch 2017 Lambung Mangkurat University” which aims to find out how the strategies that students use in translating source language contains idioms, so researchers or teachers who will later read this study will know the strategies in translating English idioms that most students use. METHOD The design used in this study is descriptive in terms of qualitative data. Qualitative research shows the meaning of something, its definition, its characteristics, its symbolism, and its explanation. In this study, the authors simply collected, categorized, and analyzed the data, and finally came to a conclusion based on the information collected. The subjects of the research in this study are 50 students from English Language Education study program batch 2017, Lambung Mangkurat University. The 50 students selected are those currently taking Translation course in 3 classes. After translation test, 12 students re-selected randomly to be given questionnaire about the translation strategies. Instruments In this study, the instruments are test and questionnaire. There is one test for every sample, the test used to find out the students’ difficulties in Translating English idioms into Bahasa Indonesia. Table 1. The Idioms Use for Test No. Idioms Translation No. Idioms Translate 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Hit the books Cry over spilt milk A Bad Egg Curiosity killed the cat Can’t judge a book by its cover Belajar keras Menyesali yang telah terjadi Seseorang yang tidak dapat dipercaya Penasaran membawa masalah besar Jangan menilai 9. 10. 11. 12. Silver spoon in his mouth A hot potato Wolf in sheep’s clothing Break a leg Kaya dari lahir, kaya raya Sesuatu yang hangat dibicarakaan, controversial Seseorang yang terlihat baik sebenarnya berbahaya/jah P a g e | 108 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 Have you heard about English Idioms? Where? (Movie, book, class, orothers) 1. Have you ever translated the English Idioms into Bahasa Indonesia? (Give the example of English Idioms and translate to Indonesia) 2. Do you have strategy to do in translation process? How? 3. What strategies that you usually used in translating Englishidioms? a. Translate the idioms directly with the same form as the source language (word by word) b. Translate with idioms that have similar meaning in Bahasa Indonesia c. Paraphrase the idioms into another form d. Shorten/leave out the part of the translation/idioms 4. Why do you choose one of them to your strategies in translation process? 6. 7. 8. Every cloud has a silver lining Killing two birds with one stone Barking on the wrong tree seseorang dari penampilan luarnya Setelah kesulitan ada kemudahan Menyelesaikan masalah dalam satu waktu dengan sekali tindakan Berpendapat tentang sesuatu dengan cara yang salah, melakukan hal yang sia-sia 13. 14. 15 A piece of cake Action speak louder than words Raining cats and dogs at Semoga berhasil, semoga beruntung Hal yang sangat mudah Tindakan lebih penting daripada ucapan Hujan (sangat) lebat, hujan deras Table 2. The Questions Use for Questionnaire The procedure and techniques of analysis of the data were: In this research, the researcher conducted a test with fifteen sentences contains English idioms by asking the students of English Language Education of Study Program FKIP ULM batch 2017 who had passed Translation course to translate the idioms into Bahasa Indonesia. After that, students answer the P a g e | 109 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 questionnaire about idiom translation strategy. From the results of the test and questionnaire, the researcher is able to find out and describe the strategies that students use in translating English language containing English idioms. The students will answer the test with the time set. After that, researcher compared both expressions Translate English and Student into Indonesian. Researchers analyzed and classified the data collected according to their translation strategies. Researchers created classifications of data to facilitate analysis. Researchers analyzed student translation results and classify translation strategies into four categories for word translation. (1) Using an idioms of similar meaning, (2) Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, (3) Translation by Paraphrase (4) deletions/translation by omission. And researcher also finds out the students’ reason in choosing translation strategy by students answer in questionnaire to complete the data triangulation. The following table shows the translation strategies for each term used in the tool. Table 3. Strategies in translating idioms possibly used by the students No Strategy Description Example 1. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form. In this strategy, the idiom in source text is rendered equivalently, not only in meaning, but also lexical items. SL: nobody expected him to be a cold-blooded murderer TL: tak seorangpun menyangka dia adalah pembunuh berarah dingin 2. Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form. There are many idioms in one language that has their equivalents in another language with difference in form. Translator is allowed to use different lexical items to translate idiom as long as the meaning remains the same. SL: He was tired and he was not a kind of person who beat about the bush. TL:Ia lelah dan dia bukan tipe orang yang suka berbasa-basi. 3. Translatio n by paraphras e. This strategy is often used when no equivalent idiom can be found to translate an idiom. This strategy is applied due to different stylistic preferences of the source and target languages. SL : This is not the time to lie down on the job TL: Sekarang bukans aatnya untuk mengabaikan tugas P a g e | 110 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS Findings The research was conducted on 02, 03, and 05 December 2019 at Translation class English Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Lambung Mangkurat University batch 2017. The total numbers of students’ take translation were 60 students, but the researcher just took 50 students who batch 2017 as subject of the research. Because they have already passed translation as the students were assumed to have basic knowledge about the theory of translation and idiom. The researcher gave test to the students to collect the data. The test consisted of fifteen sentences that contained English idioms and asking the students to translate into Bahasa Indonesia in sixty minutes. After test, 12 students was chooses randomly 3 students each strategies to answer the questionnaire. Because of the COVID 19, students answer the questions through fill the Google form. For the results of the data, researchers categorized student translations into four categories: (1) using an idiom of similar meaning and form, (2) using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, (3) translation by paraphrase, (4) translation by omission. Table 4. Using Idioms of Similar Meaning and Form Result 4. Translatio n by omission. If none of the previous strategies above can be applied, translators often have to leave out a part of the idiom. SL: I kick my car again for good measure. TL: Aku menendang mobilku lagi. Num of Quest. Idioms Students’ Translation Real Translation 1 Hit the books Bertarung dengan buku-buku Belajar keras 2 Cry over spilt milk Menangisi susu yang tumpah Menyesali yang telah terjadi 3 A bad egg Telur busuk Seseorang yang tidakdapatdipercaya 4 Curiosity killed the cat Rasa penasaran dapat membunuh kucing Penasaran membawa masalah besar 5 Can’t judge book by its cover Jangan menilaibuku dari sampulnya Jangan menilai seseorang dari penampilan luarnya P a g e | 111 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 Based on the results in the table above, students use similar expressions and model strategies to translate English sentences, including vocabulary. Students who don't understand the true meaning either translate literally or try to translate the source language directly into the target language. Some idioms can be accepted for example, cry over spilt milk, can’t judge book by its cover, killing two birds with one stone, and wolf in sheep’s clothing, every cloud has a silver lining. Which is acceptable because it has the same format as the original language? For example, Students’ translated the idiom can’t judge book by its cover which means ‘you should not make decisions or form opinion based solely on outward appearance without knowing more about someone or something’ in bahasa Indonesia’s sense this idioms has equal meaning as jangan menilai seseorang dari penampilan luarnya and students that translate this idiom used 6 Every cloud has silver lining Setiap awan memiliki garis perak Setelah kesulitan ada kemudahan 7 Killing two birds with one stone Membunuh dua burung dengan satu batu Menyelesaikan banyak masalah dalam satu waktu dengan sekali tindakan 8 Barking on the wrong tree Menggonggongi pohon yang salah Berpendapat tentang sesuatu dengan cara yang salah; melakukan hal yang sia-sia 9 Silver spoon in his mouth Sendok perak dimulutnya Kaya dari lahir; kaya raya 11 Wolf in sheep’s clothing Serigala berbulu domba Seseorang yang terlihat baik sebenarnya berbahaya/licik 13 A piece of cake Sepotong kue; potongan kue Hal yang sangat mudah 14 Action speak louder than words Aksinya terdengar lebih keras daripada kata- katanya Tindakan lebih penting daripada ucapan P a g e | 112 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 same meaning and similar form strategy into jangan menilai buku dari sampulnya. This idiom is very often used; this makes this idiom sounds familiar to students and translate into same form is reasonable. Students’ translated the sentence contains the idiom 'she’s a wolf in sheep’s clothing' which means ‘a dangerous person who is pretending to be harmless; an enemy who is disguised as a friend', in bahasa Indonesia’s sense, this idiom has equal meaning as seseorang yang licik atau seseorang yang berpura-pura baik. Actually in Indonesian this idiom has the same form with English as serigala berbulu domba so students directly translate these idioms used same form with source language. But for some idiom like hit the books, a bad egg, curiosity killed the cat, barking on the wrong tree, silver spoon in his mouth, a piece of cake, and action speak louder than words, this idioms can be dangerous if translate it used similar meaning and form strategy because some idiom have different meaning as literal and will make far from the true meaning. But students still translate it literally even though the results of the translation are wrong and far from the actual translation. Students must be careful in translating using this form because if not careful the translation results will be considered wrong. Table 5. Using Idiom of Similar Meaning but Dissimilar Form Result Num of Quest. Idioms Students’ Translation Real Translation 2 Cry over spilt milk Nasi sudah menjadi bubur Menyesali yang telah terjadi 3 A bad egg Brengsek Seseorang yang tidak dapat dipercaya 4 Curiosity killed the cat Rasa penasaran (dapat) membunuhmu Penasaran membawa masalah besar 6 Every cloud has silver lining Badai pasti berlalu; setelah gerimis terdapat pelangi Setelah kesulitan ada kemudahan 7 Killing two birds with one stone Sekali dayung dua tiga pulau terlampaui Menyelesaikan banyak masalah dalam satu waktu dengan sekali tindakan P a g e | 113 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 There are many idioms in one language that has their equivalents in another language with difference in form. Translator is allowed to use different lexical items to translate idiom as long as the meaning remains the same. Based on the results, students who used this strategy can found out the same idioms in target language form. Student translations include the word "a bad egg" which means "bad / unreliable person" the students translate into ‘brengsek’ used dissimilar form strategy, because the word of ‘berengsek’ in KBBI (Indonesian’s dictionary) is a slang word in Indonesia. "Curiosity killed a cat" means "Curiosity can lead to dangerous situations" then students translated into ‘penasaran dapat membunuhmu’. Students’ translating the sentence contains the idiom 'every cloud has a silver lining' which means 'there is hope in the most difficult situations / there is an element of good in every bad situation’.In bahasa Indonesia’s sense, this idiom has equal meaning as setiap kesulitan terdapat kemudahan/setiap kesulitan atau situasi tidak menguntungkan pasti tetap ada faedahnya. Students who translate the idiom using similar meaning but dissimilar form strategies, students find idioms from the target language that have meaning not much different from the source language into 'storms must pass' or badai pasti berlalu. Students translating“killing two birds with one stone: which means 'achieve two aims at once' then students find idioms from the target language that have the same meaning as the source language; students translate them into ‘sekali dayung dua tiga pulau terlampaui’. And etc. 8 Barking on the wrong tree Sia-sia menjaring angin; menabur biji diatas batu Berpendapat tentang sesuatu dengan cara yang salah; melakukan hal yang sia- sia 10 A hot potato Berita panas/hangat Sesuatu yang hangat dibicarakan; kontroversial 13 A piece of cake Sesuatu yang kecil; gampil Hal yang sangat mudah 14 Action speaks louder than words Tong kosong nyaring bunyinya; banyak bertindak sedikit berucap Tindakan lebih penting daripada ucapan P a g e | 114 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 This translation is an example of how an idiom equivalent has the same meaning but differs in lexical items. The table below shows the results of students in translating English sentences containing idioms used an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form strategy. Table 6. Translation by Paraphrase Result Num of Quest. Idioms Students’ Translation Real Translation 1 Hit the books Belajar (dengan) keras Belajar keras 2 Cry over spilt milk Menyesali/ menangisi yang telah terjadi Menyesali yang telah terjadi 3 A bad egg Seorang yang tidak dapat dipercaya; seseorang yang jahat Seseorang yang tidak dapat dipercaya 4 Curiosity killed the cat Penasaran dapat membawa masalah Penasaran membawa masalah besar 5 Can’t judge book by its cover Jangan menilai seseorang dari penampilan luarnya saja Jangan menilai seseorang dari penampilan luarnya 6 Every cloud has silver lining Setiap kegagalan adalah awal kesuksesan; setiap kesulitan terdapat harapan; setelah kesulitan terdapat kemudahan Setelah kesulitan ada kemudahan 7 Killing two birds with one stone Melakukan dua hal (masalah) dalam satu waktu Menyelesaikan banyak masalah dalam satu waktu dengan sekali tindakan 8 Barking on the wrong tree Melakukan hal yang salah; melakukanhal yang sia-sia Berpendapat tentang sesuatu dengan cara yang salah; melakukan hal yang sia-sia 9 Silver spoon in his mouth Terlahir dari keluarga berada; terlahir kaya raya; keluarga kaya; sangat kaya Kaya dari lahir; kaya raya 10 A hot potato Berita yang sedang banyak dibicarakan; berita kontroversial Sesuatu yang hangat dibicarakan; kontroversial 11 Wolf in sheep’s clothing Seseorang yang hanya berpura- pura; seorang yang licik; pengkhianat Seseorang yang terlihat baik sebenarnya berbahaya/licik 12 Break a leg Semoga berhasil; semoga beruntung; semoga menang Semoga berhasil; semoga beruntung P a g e | 115 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 13 A piece of cake Sangat mudah; lebih mudah Hal yang sangat mudah 14 Action speaks louder than words Yang dilakukan lebih penting dari yang diucapkan; perbuatan lebih penting dari perkataan Tindakan lebih penting daripada ucapan 15 Raining cats and dogs Hujannya sangat deras; hujan deras (lebat) Hujan (sangat) lebat, hujan deras This strategy is often used when no equivalent idiom can be found to translate an idiom. This strategy applies because the different form definitions for SL and TL are different. Other Indonesian languages do not have the same meaning and vocabulary structure as the example above. Therefore, translators need to describe them in different words. Thorough study is not a vocabulary, but it is acceptable because it has the same meaning as the original term. Transcript translation is used to help the reader understand the meaning and to make the translation natural and to avoid misunderstandings by the reader. The table above shows the transfer results of translation students used in the transition strategy. Based on the results, students translate in context of sentences and don’t translate into another idiom. From the four strategies that the researcher finds, this strategy is the most students used. Mostly, students just paraphrase the sentences included the idioms. For example, hit the books into belajar keras. There is no Indonesian idiom that has equal meaning and lexical items like the idiom in the example above. Therefore, translator has to express the idiom with different words. Belajar keras is not an idiom, but it is acceptable because it conveys the same meaning as the original idiom. Students translated the sentence contains the idiom 'a hot potato' which means ‘a controversial issue or situation'. In bahasa Indonesia’s sense, this idiom has equal meaning as masalah atau situasi yang kontroversial, sensitive, dan hangat dibicarakan. Students translating this idiom used the translation by paraphrase strategy. Students translate a hot potato into berita yang sedang banyak dibicarakan. Translation by paraphrasing is used to avoid misunderstanding through the readers, to make readers easily understand the intention, and to make the translation natura. P a g e | 116 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 Table 7. Translation by Omission Result Num of Quest. Idioms Students’ Translation Real Translation 1 Hit the books Belajar Belajar keras 2 Cry over spilt milk Menangis sia-sia Menyesali yang telah terjadi 4 Curiosity killed the cat Rasa penasaran; kamu penasaran Penasaran membawa masalah besar 5 Can’t judge book by its cover Jangan langsung menilainya Jangan menilai seseorang dari penampilan luarnya 6 Every cloud has silver lining Bersabarlah/ akan ada hikmahnya Setelah kesulitan ada kemudahan 8 Barking on the wrong tree Salah; sia-sia Berpendapat tentang sesuatu dengan cara yang salah; melakukan hal yang sia-sia 9 Silver spoon in his mouth Orang kaya; berada Kaya dari lahir; kaya raya 10 A hot potato Isu tersebut Sesuatu yang sedang hangat dibicarakan; kontroversial 11 Wolf in sheep’s clothing Licik; pengkhianat Seseorang yang terlihat baik sebenarnya berbahaya/licik 12 Break a leg Semangat Semoga berhasil; semoga beruntung 14 Action speaks louder than words Bertindaklah; tindakan lebih penting Tindakan lebih penting daripada ucapan 15 Raining cats and dogs Hujan Hujan (sangat) lebat, hujan deras If none of the previous strategies above can be applied, translators often have to leave out a part of the idiom. For example, everyone who attends that university was born with silver spoon in his mouth. Born with silver spoon in mouth is an idiom that represent the people that was born wealthy, but some students omitted into kaya only. The table above is explained by the fact that students translating sentences have the word "multiplication book" which means P a g e | 117 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 serious study. This strategy involves reckless translation. Although this translation is still rational and ambiguous, but acceptable. Studies show that students using this strategy abandon words and phrases if they don't know what they really mean. Students simplify meaning when translating sentences and expressions. After analyzing the data, each term is divided into four classification strategies. Details are given in the table below. Table 8. The Description of Students’ Translation Result Idioms Classification 1 2 3 4 5 Hit the books 4 0 19 10 17 Cry over spilt milk 18 13 11 5 3 A bad egg 14 5 19 0 12 Curiosity killed the cat 10 5 26 9 0 Can’t judge a book by its cover 19 0 24 7 0 Every cloud has a silver lining 10 12 20 6 2 Killing two birds with one stone 13 28 9 0 0 Barking on the wrong tree 16 4 21 9 0 Silver spoon in his mouth 14 0 13 17 6 A hot potato 0 16 24 8 2 Wolf in sheep’s clothing 29 0 16 5 0 Break a leg 0 0 30 5 15 A piece of cake 5 5 22 0 18 Action speaks louder than words 10 14 18 4 4 Raining cats and dogs 0 0 31 13 6 *Classification: (1): using an idiom of similar meaning and form (2): using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form (3): translation by paraphrase (4): translation by omission (5): no/error translation Based on the results above, many students are translating used the translation by paraphrase strategy. Although, the test aims to see what strategies students use in translating idioms, students still see the context of sentences in P a g e | 118 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 translating idioms. Often, students who do not know the meaning of an idiom are helped by looking at the context of the sentence, sometimes this helps students, but sometimes they even fall into the wrong meaning. However, students mostly translate idioms by paraphrasing the entire contents of sentences, but there are also some that only translate idioms directly literally or look for idioms that have the same meaning in Indonesian. Findings of Translating Strategy Questionnaire After completing the translation test, 12 students were selected to complete the questionnaire. Twelve students were selected to represent each strategy used to answer the translation quiz. The first question a student must answer is "Have you heard an English word?" Students' reactions range from movies, books, songs, classes to the internet. The second question: "Have you ever translated the English Idioms into Indonesian? (Give the example of English Idioms and translate to Indonesian)" the students gave examples of idioms and translated them into Indonesian. Some examples given by students are break a leg (semoga beruntung), killing two birds with one stone (sekali dayung dua tiga pulau terlampaui), piece of cake (sangat mudah), it's raining cats and dogs (hujan deras), and many more. Third question: "Do you have a strategy to do in the translation process? How?” students answer by means of translate word by word, use free translation or literal translation, and some students answer by looking for easy vocabulary. What are the commonly used strategies for translating English idioms? "And the fifth question:" Why choose one of them for the strategy of the translation process? "Here, the researchers offer four options based on the strategies they have learned. From 12 students selected to answer the question, there are 3 Students chose to translate the idioms directly with the same form as the source language because they thought that by translating directly, they would know the true meaning of the idiom. The other choice (3 students) is Translate with idioms that have similar meaning in Indonesian, students who choose this strategy think that idioms cannot be translated directly because it has indirect meaning, and it is often related to the culture of a community. Another answer is P a g e | 119 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 that 3 students choose to paraphrase the idioms, students who use this strategy state that they only follow the senses because some idioms students can understand by translating into the same idiom form in Indonesian but for idioms that are not familiar the students will use this strategy to understand them, if the idiom form is in one sentence it will be easy to paraphrase the idiom by looking at the sentence form. Another opinion is by changing it to a non-idiom form, the reader will more easily understand the meaning of the sentence. The last strategy that 3 students chose was "Shorten / leave out the part of the translation / idioms" students who chose this strategy stated that it is easier to cut off the idiom/sentence and If students don’t know the meaning of the idioms in a sentence, I’ll focus to the sentence and ignore the idiom. Table 9. The Students Translating Strategy Questionnaire Results 5 Why do you choose one of them to your strategies in translation process? Strategy 1 Strategy 2 To make easiest and I can know the true meaning of the idioms It is easier for me to translate using word by word When I used word by word translation, I can imagine the meaning then Because an idiom cannot be translated directly. It has indirect meaning, and it is often related to the culture of a community. I think it will be easier to translate by finding a similar meaning to Indonesian. Because by finding the similar idiom meaning, we can actually understand what the idiom in English about is, rather than translating it literally. Strategy 3 Strategy 4 So, it will make sense if someone read it. By changing it to a non-idiom form, the reader will more easily understand the meaning of the sentence. There is many times where I know what the idioms mean, but due to my unfamiliarity with Indonesia's idioms, I cannot find its equivalents. I would rather explain what the idioms entails rather than translating it word- for-word as it would sound ridiculous if the other party does not understand the idiom It is easier to cut off the idiom/sentence Easier to find the short form of the idioms in Bahasa Indonesia P a g e | 120 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 DISCUSSIONS In the discussion of testing translation strategies, researchers used Baker's theory to translate English idioms. It consisted of the four strategies presented (1) the use of expressions that had the same meaning as the form, (2) Use words that have similar meanings but in different formats, (3) translation by changing the phrase, and (4) translation by deletion. First, if you use expressions with similar meanings and styles, this strategy applies when the target language separates words that have the same meaning in the lexical composition. This means that the terms TL (target language) and SL (source language) are similarly structured and have the same lexical text meaning. In this case, the Indonesian idiom has the same meaning and vocabulary structure as that of English. Not all English have the same Indonesian language as they are different languages. (Ardhiani, 2018) said that students used this strategy when found out the equivalent of the text that the English idiom will have similar meaning and form in Indonesia. For this reason, this strategy is rarely used to translate idioms. However, many of the students in this study used these terms. Second, using idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, this strategy used different lexical items to express more or less the same idea. This strategy is used when the translator encounters the idiom which has no similar lexical items in TL, but still shares the similar meaning (Baker, 2006:74). From this research, less of students used this strategy in translated the idioms. Some students most used this strategy in idioms because students known the same idioms in different form in TL and they still have the same meaning some students use this strategy more than others because they already know the same vocabulary differently in the target language. Dian (2018) stated that is hard to students used this strategy if students have less of knowledge about the idioms in TL which means Indonesian’s idioms in this research. If I don’t know the meaning of the idioms in a sentence, I’ll focus to the sentence and ignore the idiom P a g e | 121 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 Third, translation by paraphrase, translation by paraphrase is the most preferred strategies in translating English idioms into non-idiomatic expression in Bahasa Indonesia. In this research, the researcher found that most of the students used this strategy in translate the idioms. Students stated that translating idioms paraphrase would make it easier to understand the contents of the sentence for both the writer and the reader. Besides that, students use this strategy a lot because of the lack of students' knowledge of idioms in Indonesian form. Students do not know that the English Idioms have a similar meaning in the Indonesian form, even though there are students who know the Indonesian form they still choose to paraphrase the idioms so that they are easy to understand and read. Baker (2006) states that translation by paraphrase is the most common way of translating ST (source text) idioms which do not have the equivalent in TT (target text). It is not easy to find the equivalent of SL idiom or there is no appropriate idiom and then transferred it into TL idiom. Last, translation by omission, the omission strategy is when the translator chooses not to translate the idioms because the equivalent is not available in TL, the meaning is not easy to be paraphrased and it is omitted because of the stylistic reasons. Therefore, the use of this strategy can be regarded as justifiable, if the omission is to avoid the lengthy explanation and the inexistence of idiom does not affect the whole meaning of the text. As with single words, an idiom may sometimes be omitted altogether in the target text. It happens because there is no equivalent in the target language; its meaning cannot be easily paraphrased, or for stylistic reasons (Baker, 1992: 77). Based on the student answers and their choices in the questionnaire, when taking the translation test, it turns out that not all of the students' choices match their choices when doing the translation test. The results of the translation test show that most students change and translate sentences and new words, but they are familiar with why they choose strategies for translating English idioms. It depends on what. Students often choose direct translation or switch to jargon / transcription. In testing, students prefer to translate using this strategy because it makes the student's work easier. For students who have knowledge of the idioms P a g e | 122 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 form from Indonesian, they will choose this strategy because it is also felt that it will make it easier for readers and does not reduce the aesthetics of an idiom. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS Researchers have concluded that the strategies students use depend on their understanding of their expressions. Students believe that they can find the meaning of these words directly through translation, so they translate using expressions and formation strategies that have similar meanings. Students translate using idioms of similar meaning and form strategies because they think that they will find the meaning of these idioms by translating directly. Students who translate using idioms of similar meaning but dissimilar form strategies, have the reason that idioms cannot be translated directly because idiom is have indirect meaning. But even so students must have more knowledge about idioms from the target language and source language, because if students do not find or do not know the same idioms from the source language then students will use translation by paraphrase, students will see the entire context of sentences containing idioms and paraphrase to find the meaning. The last strategy is translation by omission, students translating using this strategy have the reason that if paraphrasing idioms is not easy then students will be omitted the idioms. Some of the students of this research seem have lack of knowledge in English idioms, they also have a lack of knowledge in translation. Therefore, the students cannot able to understand exact meaning of idioms in English, and translate them into Bahasa Indonesia after drawn conclusion from the sentences. Nowadays the idiomatic expressions are common in daily speech. It is important to students to have good knowledge about translate and analyze English idioms. A special subject about idioms at university is necessary to students. Students can recognize and interpret the idiom correctly. From this research, it can be seen that the strategy most used by students in translating English sentences contains idioms is paraphrase strategy. Students are expected through the lecturer to introduce that there are other strategies that can be used in translating idioms. In translating idiomatic expressions, a translator has to pay attention and be careful in choosing the most appropriate strategies. Translators also have deep P a g e | 123 Nadilla Ariyani LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 2021 comprehension about idiomatic expressions as well as the culture and languages of the source language and the target language to produce a good translation. REFERENCES Akbari, M. (2012). Structural Shifts in Translation of Children’s Literature. 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