LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching http://e-journal.usd.ac.id/index.php/LLT Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 260 SEMANTIC AND AXIOLOGY OF 7 YEARS SONG AS ENGLISH MATERIAL CHOICE FOR YOUNG LEARNERS Qurrata’ain and Sulis Triyono Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta qurrataainmahfud@gmail.com and sulis@uny.ac.id DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2019.220210 received 6 September 2019; revised 20 September 2019; accepted 1 October 2019 Abstract The implication of curriculum 2013, the song is one of the topics to achieve the goal of learning. Learning through song emphasizes that the teacher should know the best song choice based on the axiology and semantic meaning. Not all the song can be as material for students. The teacher should evaluate based on level of the students. a song, there were a meaning that would be expressed and moral values so that it will be interested to find out what the song’s lyric want to deliver. Some people often sing a song without know the explicit and implicit meaning of the lyric. There was also an existence of value. This research focuses (1) to analyze the lexical and contextual meaning in song lyric and (2) to know the implication of values that found in “7 years” lyric by Lukas Graham (2) to evaluate 7 years whether or not to be as teaching material. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The object of the research was 7 years by Lukas Graham. The researcher found lyric and analyze the lexical and contextual meaning. Then, it was related with the implication of axiology in semantic analysis of song’s lyric “7 years” by Lukas Graham. The finding of semantic analysis, there are 35 for lexical meaning and 14 for contextual meaning. Then, for the lexical meaning is so different with contextual meaning. By knowing lexical and contextual meaning, it would make the listener understand and the meaning which delivered of song lyric by Lukas Graham. There is an implication of axiology in semantic analysis of lyric “7 years”. This song contains esthetic and ethic based on the axiology theory. The axiology contained in song lyric can be material for students. It tells about the story of writer starting the writer was born till his father died. All of the life experiences contain in song lyric. Keywords: semantic analysis, axiology, 7 years, song lyric Introduction A language is the most important tool to communicate. A language is not only use for communicating. It used to know what the language express, idea, thought etc. Teaching English to young learners cannot be seen only as teaching a language in classroom. The challenges process of teaching language to consider the social and cognitive development (Dzanic&pejic,2016). Based on the purpose of the curriculum 2013, to teach a language there are several methods or techniques. One of them is using a song. A song can help the process of learning language for the students. However, the people have sensitivity in sound and interested of song. LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 261 Song also can help the students doing the repetition of the sentence contained. It will make them to reflect use the sentence in daily life. According to Brewster et al (2002) there are many advantages of leaning language through a song. The first is the song contains linguistic resource. This is very important to introduce the students about a new language. The second advantage is a song relates to affective or psychological resource. The students can motivate to learn language. The last is cognitive resource, it refers to a song brings students to concentrate and develop their memory of new language. Songs as the material in teaching English for X students Song is a part of poetry that may be used to express by singing. This research investigated the semantic analysis and to know the implication of axiology in song lyric. Each song lyric has a massage. Song is a composition for voice and musical instrument (Agung et al, 2016). Based on the Yastanti and Setiawati (2018) song lyric is one of the creation has a deep meaning that try to deliver for the listener. In song lyric also has the value. It refers to implication of the axiology. All of words, phrases, in a song lyric need to be understood to catch what the information conveyed in song lyric (Oktariani et al, 2018). The use of song in learning language should consider several things. They are (1) the level of the students (2) kind of songs (3) the complexities of language (4) moral deliver. Not all the songs can be as teaching material. By using song as teaching material, it can be something interesting for students. There are some advantages of the use song as proposed Griffee (1998) (1) songs can be useful to teach vocabulary (2) songs serve to listen material (3) song can be used to grammar practice (4) songs tell various cultures. Songs is a best treat for students to learn a language. The teachers have to know how to prepare and select song. According to Nurhayati (2012) there are several stages to prepare and select a song. The first a teacher should know the aims of curriculum 2013. The second stage, the teacher decides the learning objectives. The third, teacher also has to analyze a song. It relates to moral value or linguistic features of a song as well as the meaning of a song. Axiology for teaching and learning Philosophy and Linguistics have a close relationship. Philosophy is "the mother of science". Language studies were not first conducted by linguists but by philosophers. To solve all the problems that exist in daily life, they use analysis of language for example like a form of causality and so on. Linguistics has branches of science, one of which is semantics. There are three fundamental foundations that are always a reference in philosophy, namely ontology, epistemology and axiology. This research focuses on axiology. Axiology is the foundation used to discuss the value of usefulness of the value of knowledge. In this case, we will try to uncover how the implications of axiology in sociolinguistics. Axiology is a branch of philosophy that discusses value theories and tries to describe good and good behavior (Rukiyati & Darmiyati, 2016: 35). Axiology is also related to the value of the usefulness of science (Suriasumatri, 2009) so that the principle of axiology is derived in many branches of science. One of them is the field of linguistics. LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 262 Linguistics is the science of language. Linguistics makes language the object of study. This research is also wanted to know the implication of axiology and semantics’ analysis. The teacher can be song of Lukas Graham as one of the teaching material for the students in classroom. Axiology is the science of values. Axiology is a branch of philosophy of science that discusses theories about value and tries to describe goodness and good behavior (Rukiyati & Darmiyati). Value is something that is attached to something that is very meaningful in human life, especially regarding the goodness and goodness of things. Value is something abstract. The essence of value is in language we often hear the term assessment. Value in English is value which means price, appreciation, meaning that price is attached to something or appreciation of something. Everything is always rated. It is the human who gives the depth value so that it contains value. Because of that value, the object has a value. However, how the criteria of the object have value. The theory of value is divided into two, namely ethical and aesthetic values. Ethical values are values that discuss and discuss the merits of human actions. The coverage in ethical values is there is a measure of universally good actions that apply in society, are there norms and so on. While aesthetic values are values that are related to artistic creations and experiences about the arts. Values are the main focus in axiology. For example, it is said to steal, stealing is an evil ethical value. And the person who committed it was convicted. The value of the use of science depends on the people who use it. Ethical development is divided into two, namely descriptive ethics and normative ethics. The basis of axiology is divided into two, namely objective and subjective. Objective is the assessment of something done as it is in accordance with the state of the object being assessed. The second is subjective, namely the assessment of something where in the assessment process there are elements of intuition (feeling). In human life cannot be separated from the values that exist. Besides the value, the language also could not separate in social system. In selection of the material teaching, the teacher cannot separate with the axiology. Axiology refers to value. Based on the value of song lyric, the student can learn the positive thing. It emphasizes on teacher to select the English material properly. It is not because the song is popular but also about the value contain. Semantic analysis in Song lyric As human being, we talk each other by using language. To understand the humanity, one must to understand the nature of language (Fromkin et al;2007). Language could not be separated with language and meaning. The existence of the potential meaning is obvious. The meaning of word, phrase, sentence, and clause is most important to be analyzed. It is a way to understand what the massage delivered. Some people have own perspective in making meaning. This reason becomes why the research considers in semantics’ analysis and wants to know the implication of axiology or value. Based on the Halliday theory, semantics is the study of language that concerned in meaning. Semantics can be analyzed by the lexical meaning and contextual meaning. Finding meaning of a word by using dictionary is common activity. The meaning of dictionary is lexical meaning. It relates with the real meaning. The lexicology is LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 263 the branch of linguistics that identified about the vocabulary. Lexical meaning is a term that used to “word meaning” based on dictionary words. Fromkin (2007) stated that the lexical semantics as a part of the subfield meaning of words and the relationship meaning among words. Meanwhile, the semantics refers to a study of the meaning of words, it attemps to focus on lexical and contextual meaning (Yule, 2010; Miarsih et al, 2018). A song is any poem that has explicit meaning. This study is not only focused on semantic analysis. There is a value of the song. That is very important to analyze, a song is always listened by people in the world. The semantic analysis will relate to the implication of the axiology or value in song lyrics. Song is a part of music. There are many bands or singers. One of the solo singers is Lukas Graham. Lukas Graham has several popular songs that influenced other people. One of the songs is 7 years. This study tries to find the lexical and contextual meaning. The result of the lexical and contextual will give an implication of the axiology that contains in song lyric. In song lyric of 7 years, people can find some the contextual meaning which wants to tell to the listener. It will make the meaning of song lyric clear. Therefore, this study has aim to give the explanation of the semantic meaning and implication of axiology of the song lyric. This research built on previous research about song lyrics (i.g. Vitria,2013; AlAfar,2016; Risdianto, 2016; Miller,2017, Yastanti&Setiawati,2018) the research about song lyrics analysis for example ambiguity, denotative and connotative meaning etc. The novelty of this research focuses on semantic analysis which combined with axiology implication. Method This research used descriptive qualitative. The qualitative method was a procedure of a research which results in descriptive data. The object of this research was a text of lyric “7 years” by Lukas Graham to interpret the meaning depends on lexical and conceptual meaning. The researcher took a lyric in website https://www.letssingit.com/lukas-graham-lyrics-7-years-b2wds4t. Then, the researcher analyzed the lexical and conceptual meaning. To find out the meaning of lexical, researcher used oxford learners’ dictionary edition four to look up the words list. The writer uses structural and semantic analysis to find out the meaning representation, which construct the unity of song. Findings and Discussion The findings of the lexical meaning and contextual meaning After analyzing the data, there are lexical meaning and contextual meaning found in 7 years song lyric. LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 264 Table.1 Calculate the data number and percentage No Semantic Analysis Percentage 1 Lexical 36 72% 2 Contextual 14 28% The researcher found the line in song lyric to be analyzed. Those several lines would be analyzed by the lexical meaning. #Datum1 My Momma told me The word told is a past tense of tell. For a line in song lyric, meaning of the told is corresponding with the real meaning of the word. It can be said that the meaning found to lexical meaning. #Datum2 I’m still learning about life The verb of this part of song lyric line is am still learning. It contain the real meaning that the writer of song lyric try to learn about his life. The meaning of am still learning is corresponding with the real meaning of the verb. It can be said that the meaning found to lexical meaning. The researcher found the line in song lyric to be analyzed. Those line would be analyzed by the contextual meaning. #Datum 1 Go make yourself some friends In first datum, there was a word “make” indicated for the lexical meaning. Based on the lexical meaning, “make” has meaning such as form something by putting parts together, combining substances, create, cause something to exist or come about, bring about, constitute, amount to, manage to arrive at a place within a specified time, and catch. The lexical meaning is a meaning that listed in dictionary. But if the sentence was seen by the context of song lyric, it means someone should find friends so that she/he did not feel alone. #Datum 2 It was a big big world The second datum contains in song lyric is “big big”. These words involves based on lexical are considerable or size, extent, considerable of important or seriousness, and often ironic generous. According to the contextual meaning is related with a world is widely but we always thought we were bigger than the world. We live in the biggest world so that we can find anything there. LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 265 #Datum 3 Pushing each other to the limits The next datum is “pushing”. Pushing means exert force on something in order to move them away, move forward by using force, compel, and promote the use, sale. Based on the contextual where there are many people tried to force the limits in the world and we can learn easy. #Datum 4 By eleven smoking herb That word “eleven” in lexical meaning is the number order but if we are seen by the contextual. By eleven smoking herb means someone do smoking many times because in lyric song he does not know what he should do. #Datum 5 and drinking burning liquor The word “burning” based on lexical meaning is very hot, on fire, intense, very keenly, deeply felt. But the context “and drinking burning liquor” means someone drinks alcohol. #Datum 6 to make that steady figure The lexical meaning in “steady” word means firmly, supported, balanced, not shaking or moving, regular, even and continuous in development. Based on the contextual, to make that steady figure means how someone changes his life and becomes a rich man. #Datum 7 my story got told the word “got” in lexical meaning means come to have, succeeded in attaining, achieving, experiencing, obtain, reach or cause to reach. If we see by the contextual of lyric song “7years” this sentence to tell that someone in lyric song has a story to tell. #Datum 8 I only see my goals The word of “see” based on lexical meaning is perceive with the eyes, discern visually, discern, deduce after reflection, and understand. Based on the contextual means someone in lyric song focuses on goal that he/she want to reach. He never believed about failure. #Datum 9 'Cause I know the smallest voices In lexical meaning “smallest voices” means the voice that cannot hear others but in contextual is about the someone just hear the voice of himself/herself that can make he/she be spirit to alive in the world. LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 266 #Datum 10 we're still roaming The word of roaming means bat, cruise, kick around, range, gad about. It relates with lexical meaning but if we see the contextual meaning roaming in this lyric song means someone always try to see to make dreams come true. She/he always looks for. #Datum 11 My woman brought children for me The word “brought” means take or go with something to a place, cause something to be in a particular state. It relates with lexical meaning but based on the contextual the woman as his wife already had been pregnant and born children for him. #Datum 12 I got my boys with me The word ‘got’ in lexical meaning is come to have, succeed in attaining, achieving, experiencing, obtain, reach or cause to reach but based on the contextual means someone in song lyric has sons that will accompany him/her. #Datum 13 at least those in favor In lexical meaning “favor” means approval, support, liking for someone, act of kindness beyond what is usual, and a small inexpensive gift. While the contextual means someone already had the good children. #Datum 14 Some are still out seeking glory The word of “seeking” in sentence as part of lyric song is attempted to find, desire, obtain, achieve whereas the “glory” means high renown, great beauty, praise, and worship. Based on the contextual of song lyric is about some of his/her boys try to find identity of them. From the finding and discussion above, the lexical meaning and contextual meaning is different. If we see the lexical meaning. It could not relate and the massage of song lyric could not deliver in an appropriate and good way. The most important is massage of song lyric making many people know and take benefits of song lyric. When the word as sentence form, it could be change the meaning of the word itself. There were 14 sentences that contained in lyrics and there were several word proving that meaning by lexical and context. It will be different. The implication of axiology in semantic analysis Axiology is a study that related with value. It will be esthetic and ethic. Axiology is as a part of fundamental question based on philosophy. Philosophy is also interlinked between the linguistics because linguistics was born in philosophy. It seems like the philosophy is a mother of science included linguistics itself. This LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 267 research will explain the implication of axiology in song lyric after the researcher did semantic analysis of song lyric. The first, this song lyric “7 years” told about the getting older. In first stanza of song lyric, the writer wanted to tell when he was seven years old, his mama told him to find some friends so that he did not feel lonely. Sometimes, the people thought they were bigger than a big world. Some people can easy to learn. Smoking herb and drinking burning liquor do not make people rich. Then, in eleven years old, we should find a wife. We had a dream to write a song. But, in twenty years old, he was lonely but can see his goals. The writer also showed that will he has a lot of children who can warm her? It happened when he was sixty years old. The implication of axiology in semantic analysis of songs’ lyric is about the value of song’s lyrics. This song teaches other people to love her parents especially father because they will be a father soon. The next is about, the struggle of the children that want to see father but the father was died. Besides that, the song “7 years” has the esthetic as a beautiful and touching song. It contains the moral value to listener. Life is like a circle. Song lyric by Lukas Graham has an axiology. Each song has an explicit and implicit message that would deliver. A song also considers the esthetic and also ethic. Thus, it is surely existed the implication of axiology of song lyric. The moral values in lyric song can be help people take an experience for a song. There are many benefits of songs namely to listen enjoy and also songs could make people learn anything for song lyrics. Generally, song lyrics contained about love, said, life, struggle, mad, etc. all the expressing is written by song lyrics. Based on the result of semantic analysis, the dominant meanings construct a song lyrics is lexical meaning. However, a song lyric also contain the contextual meaning to express the feelings of the song lyric. It tries to construct the unity of resource to make a meaning and the axiology express from the meaning choices. The structure of the song lyric also gives an influence for the axiology. Song lyric has aesthetic and value construct to feel deep meaning of song lyric for the listener. Every song writer has own tendency and stylistic to write a song. 7 years of Lukas Graham as teaching material Based on the semiotic analysis and the axiology analysis, the song can be used as teaching material. There are many new vocabularies and also a song tells about how a son loves his father so much. He regrets for not spending much time with his father. It can be a lesson for students to more love their parents. Besides that, the students can be analyzed about the grammar, function, lexicogrammatical etc. The teacher should be chosen the teaching material based on authentic material such as a song. The students can be achieved learning outcomes to communicate using a language in daily life Conclusion The purpose of this study is to find out the lexical meaning and contextual meaning of lyric “7 years” and also to know the implication of axiology and semantic analysis. It was found that there is implication of axiology and semantic analysis. In song lyric contains 14 of contextual meaning out of 50 words and the lexical meaning contains 35 out of 50 words. The dominant of song lyric uses lexical meaning. 7 years LLT Journal, e-ISSN 2579-9533, p-ISSN 1410-7201, Vol. 22, No. 2, October 2019, pp. 260-269 268 is about getting older and massage for the listener to love the parents especially father before he was died. Each song has an axiology whether esthetic or moral value. It will make the listener enjoy to listen a song and comprehend what the massages delivered by the song. The most important is when the word omitted in sentences. Sometimes, it will be changed the lexical meaning so we have to translate with the contextual to get the appropriate meaning delivered. Each song lyric has a massage for those listeners. Thus, 7 years by Lukas Graham is to make the listeners impression when they listening lyric. 7 years tells about the getting older, started from seven years old till sixty years old which contained about love, life and struggle be a son till a father too. This song is made to tribute for Lukas Graham’s father. Then, based on the semantic analysis, social function, linguistic features and also axiology contain in song lyric. This song is available to use as teaching material choice for X students. References Alafar.M.A. (2016). The Value of songs and rhymes in teaching English to young learners in Saudi Arabia. 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