# bib

id: njb-241
date: 2022-12-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4826
sentence: 298
flesch: 61
cache: cache/njb-241.pdf
txt: txt/njb-241.txt
author:
  Rehena, M. K.; Aminuzzaman, F. M.; Ashrafi, M. L.; Chowdhury, M.S.M.; Habiba, U. A.; Nazifa, Z.; Ahmed, M.

title:
  Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Botanicals in Controlling Wheat Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae triticum in vitro

summary:
  The effect of plant extract was calculated as percent growth inhibition using the following formula as adopted by [22, 23]. Effects of plant extracts on controlling wheat blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae Pathotype triticum in Bangladesh.


id: njb-240
date: 2022-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2987
sentence: 207
flesch: 53
cache: cache/njb-240.pdf
txt: txt/njb-240.txt
author:
  Gyawali, Rajendra; Paudel, Aparna; Lamsal, Babita; Bhatta, Pranisha; Maharjan, Albina; Khaitu, Nina; Shrestha, Rajan

title:
  Comparative Study on Antioxidant Activity of Propolis of Apis mellifera from Different Regions of Nepal

summary:
  Propolis samples Total Phenolic Content Nepal J Biotechnol. It is concluded that there is no direct correlation on total antioxidant property of propolis with their total phenolic and total flavonoid content among collected samples.


id: njb-36
title: Marker Assisted Screening of Nepalese rice for bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1845
sentence: 140
flesch: 61
cache: cache/njb-36.pdf
txt: txt/njb-36.txt
author:
  Amgai, Resham Babu; Niroula, Raj Kumar; Pantha, Sumitra; Hamal, Shreya Singh; Tamang, Bishal Gole; Sah, Bindeshwar Prasad; Bhatta, Madan Raj

summary:
  BLB resistance rice varieties are highly demanded worldwide. We have detected BLB resistance gene Xa-10 on five accessions, Xa-13 on six accessions, Xa-7 on 23 accessions, Xa-3 and Xa-4 on 52 accessions, Xa-5 on 25 accessions, Xa-8 on 30 rice accessions.


id: njb-42
author: Upreti, Deepak; Sapkota, Naresh Prasad; Aryal, Bibek; Shakya, Sangita
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2165
sentence: 152
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-42.pdf
txt: txt/njb-42.txt
title:
  Accumulation of Poly-hydroxy-butyric Acid (PHB) by Bacillus Strain Isolated from Paddy Field of Kathmandu University Premises

summary:
  Screening for PHB production To test the production of PHB, seed culture of isolated colonies were grown in 10 ml Nutrient broth and incubated for 24 hours at 30 °C. Results Of the fifteen samples evaluated for PHB production, DNB-6 isolate accumulated the maximum PHB (31.91%) of dry cell weight.


id: njb-25
author: Amgai, Resham Babu; Prasai, Hari Kumar; Pandey, Yama Raj
title: Hormonal Effect on Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Micro-propagation
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2251
sentence: 165
flesch: 64
cache: cache/njb-25.pdf
txt: txt/njb-25.txt
summary:
  MS basal media+4mg/l BAP+0.2mg/l IAA don’t produce any shooting directly from immature shoot with single bud (Table 6). 3. Sharma S, Singh B, Rani G, Zaidi AA, Hallan V, Nagpal A, Virk GS: Production of Indian citrus ringspot virus free plants of Kinnow employing chemotherapy coupled with shoot tip grafting.


id: njb-23
author: Sharma, Manisha; Pant, Narayan Dutt; Pandey, Pratikshya
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2488
sentence: 198
flesch: 49
cache: cache/njb-23.pdf
txt: txt/njb-23.txt
title:
  Prevalence of Non-Albicans Candida Among the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

summary:
  Among them, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis are non-albicans Candida of increasing clinical significance [5]. Abstract The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-albicans Candida among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.


id: njb-41
author: Shrestha, Geeta Rajbhandari; Mridha, Amin Udhin
title: Detection and Quantitation of Aflatoxin for the Diagnosis of Aspergillus flavus
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2615
sentence: 181
flesch: 55
cache: cache/njb-41.pdf
txt: txt/njb-41.txt
summary:
  The different strains of A. flavus producing aflatoxins were screened on Aflatoxin Producing Medium (APM) as described by Donald et al. (1981) Aflatoxins production is low during early stages of growth that increases with the decline of growth and the maximum production was recorded after the stationary phase of growth, which soon decline in its production (Table 1 and Figure 1).


id: njb-3
title: Sero-prevalance of Cryptococcal Antigenemia in HIV Positive Individual having CD4 Counts
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2550
sentence: 180
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-3.pdf
txt: txt/njb-3.txt
author:
  Khadka, Sundar; Kandel, Samikshya; Pandit, Roshan; Manjhi, Rosham; Dhital, Subhash; Baniya, Jagat Bahadur; Mishra, Shravan Kumar; Mahato, Raj Kumar

summary:
  The study concludes higher prevalence of Cryptococcal antigenemia among HIV infected individuals and recommends Cryptococcal antigen screening to be made mandatory in HIV positive patients having CD4 T cells count below 100/µl. All subjects enrolled in this study were HIV positive patients having CD4 T cells counts less than 100 cells/mm3.


id: njb-161
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2892
sentence: 174
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-161.pdf
txt: txt/njb-161.txt
author:
  Amgai, Resham B.; Pokharel, Shreejan; Pantha, Sumitra; Parajuli, Atit; Subedi, Sudeep; Dhital, Shambhu P.

title:
  Selection of Pyramided Barley Advanced Lines for Stripe Rust, Leaf Rust and Crown Rust Diseases Using Molecular Markers

summary:
  Therefore, one polymorphic sequence tagged sites (STS) marker (ABG054) for stripe rust resistance, two polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers (Bmac0144h and HVM049) for leaf rust and one polymorphic SSR marker (Bmag0006) for crown rust resistance were used to select the advanced barley lines (at F8 stage) from above parents. Selection, identification and incorporation of rust resistance genes is the only option for the development of rust resistance barley varieties for Nepal.


id: njb-33
author: Awasthi, Tek Raj; Pant, Narayan Dutt; Dahal, Puspa Raj
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2988
sentence: 202
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-33.pdf
txt: txt/njb-33.txt
title:
  Prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria in causing community acquired urinary tract infection among the patients attending outpatient department of Seti Zonal Hospital, Dhangadi, Nepal

summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 55 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Causing Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infection Among the Patients Attending Outpatient Department of Seti Zonal Hospital, Dhangadi, Nepal Tek Raj Awasthi1, Narayan Dutt Pant2*, Puspa Raj Dahal3 1Department of Microbiology, Siddhanath Science Campus, Kanchanpur , Nepal 2Department of Microbiology, Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal 3Department of Microbiology, Trichandra Multiple College, Kathmandu, Nepal Abstract Involvement of multidrug resistant bacteria in causing community acquired infection is very serious public health issue. The main objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria in causing community acquired urinary tract infection.


id: njb-24
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3087
sentence: 183
flesch: 58
cache: cache/njb-24.pdf
txt: txt/njb-24.txt
author:
  Shrestha, Kushal; Shrestha, Smita; Khatiwada, Saroj; Acharya, Bishu; Manandhar, Sulochana; Pokharel, Rohit Kumar

title:
  Multiplex Ligation Dependent Probe Amplification Based Mutation Analysis of Dystrophin Gene in Nepalese Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

summary:
  A commercial MLPA kit (MRC Holland) with probes of P034 (DMD exons 1-10, 21-30, 41-50, and 61-70) and P035 (DMD exons 11-20, 31-40, 51-60, and 71-79) was used to detect DMD deletion/duplication in DMD patients according to the manufacturer’s recommended protocol (Amsterdam, Netherlands). Wang X, Wang Z, Yan M, Huang S, Chen TJ, Zhong N: Similarity of DMD gene deletion and duplication in the Chinese patients compared to global populations.


id: njb-37
author: Thapa, Sandeep; Shrestha, Rajani; Tirewal, Anjali; Sharma, Arjun; K.C., Yuvraj
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3097
sentence: 210
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-37.pdf
txt: txt/njb-37.txt
title:
  Isolation of yeast from soil and different food samples and its characterization based on fermentation

summary:
  The authors are also thankful to Pinnacle Academy, Lalitpur, Nepal and Mr. Sushil Khanal from Central Department of Biotechnology, Trubhuvan University, Nepal for providing us Yeasts samples. Simple staining was performed to elucidate the morphology and arrangement of yeast cells and budding.


id: njb-34
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3196
sentence: 210
flesch: 58
cache: cache/njb-34.pdf
txt: txt/njb-34.txt
author:
  Shrestha, Pritish; Bista, Manisha; Sharma, Prativa; Shrestha, Shristi; Lamichhane, Basanta; Adhikari, Sandeep; Pandey, Binayak Raj; Shrestha, Bhupal Govinda

title:
  Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of Nepalese medicinal plants Swertia chirayita and Dendrobium amoenum

summary:
  A, B, C, D, E and F represents ZOI of different plant extract against S. paratyphi, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, P. aerugenosa and S. aureus respectively. Plant extract showed the presence of antioxidants like alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannin, glycosides.


id: njb-47
author: Latha, Parvatham Madhu; Chanakya, Pallem; Srikanth, Manipati
title: Lovastatin production by Aspergillus fischeri under solid state fermentation from coconut oil cake
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2912
sentence: 137
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-47.pdf
txt: txt/njb-47.txt
summary:
  [11]. Concentration of Lovastatin (mg/g) = Concentration of Lovastatin (mg/ml) x Dilution factor (DF) Amount of substrate taken (g) Results and Discussion Selection of solid substrates in SSF for lovastatin production: Solid substrates employed in SSF processes are heterogeneous natural raw-materials which are generally insoluble in water and play a dual role-supply of nutrients to the microbial culture growing and anchorage for the growing cells. 2: Effect of moisture content on lovastatin production Effect of Inoculum volume Fermentation was carried out with different inoculum volumes (0.5-4ml) of five day old A. fischeri culture for a period of 144h to study its effect on lovastatin production.


id: njb-40
title: Doxorubicin induced histomorphometric changes in testes of albino rat
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3045
sentence: 179
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-40.pdf
txt: txt/njb-40.txt
author:
  Sah, Surendra Kumar; Khatiwada, Saroj; Chaudhary, Deepak; Jha, Chandra Bhushan; Bhattacharya, Soumya

summary:
  We also observed progressive decrease in testis weight from short term to long term experimental group. As compared to short term experimental group, midterm experimental group and long term experimental group have decreased diameter and cross-sectional area of the seminiferous tubules, which may be due to more effect of the drugs on exposure to long time.


id: njb-45
author: Singh, Dipali; Tripathi, Anushree; Kumar, Gautam
title: An Overview of Computational Approaches in Structure Based Drug Design
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3147
sentence: 185
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-45.pdf
txt: txt/njb-45.txt
summary:
  This review summarizes the methods of structure based drug design, usage of related softwares and a case study that explores to find a suitable drug (lead) molecule for the mutated state of H-Ras protein in order to prevent complex formation with Raf protein. Keywords: computer aided drug design, structure based drug design, Ras-protein Introduction Traditionally, new drugs were generated from plants and other natural products through accidental observations and discoveries.


id: njb-48
author: Joshi, Bal K; Bimb, Hari P; Kansakar, David; Ghimire, Ekta
title: Genetic Relationship among Nepalese Rice Landraces and Cultivars based on RAPD Markers
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3173
sentence: 195
flesch: 72
cache: cache/njb-48.pdf
txt: txt/njb-48.txt
summary:
  Key words: Genetic distance, rice, RAPD Introduction Nepal is rich in rice genetic resources The three blast resistance genes pyramided rice genotype, A57-115-8 was genetically near with Anpjutte, Tauli and Thapachini.


id: njb-171
author: Bhalshakar, Chhaya
title: Study of the Impact of Organic Manures and Biofertilizers on growth of Phaseolus aureus Roxb.
date: 2020-10-22
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4011
sentence: 281
flesch: 66
cache: cache/njb-171.pdf
txt: txt/njb-171.txt
summary:
  The biological manure helps to increase crop yields, and also plays a vital role in the nutrient accessibility in soil by improving the physical, chemical, and biological structure of soil, and it enhances the utilization of applied fertilizers Weed plants compete with the agricultural crops; they cause a tremendous reduction in crop yields and increase their production costs.


id: njb-39
title: Effect of lyophilization on infectivity and viral load of Adenovirus
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4375
sentence: 209
flesch: 53
cache: cache/njb-39.pdf
txt: txt/njb-39.txt
author:
  Jha, Bimlesh Kumar; Gupta, Birendra Prasad; Maharjan, Prashanna; Kakshapati, Somila; Munankarmi, Nabin Narayan

summary:
  Adenovirus PCR was done in virus infected cell line where a fragment of 161bp was amplified from hexon gene of AdV genome and visualized by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 1). To determine the effect of lyophilization on virus titer the lyophilized virus after revival was titrated in Hep-2 cell line and virus titer was determined by TCID50 and PFU following the same procedure as described earlier for the stock virus.


id: njb-26
author: Kurmi, Roshan; Rauniyar, Ramanuj; Manandhar, Krishna Das; Gupta, Birendra Prasad
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4235
sentence: 220
flesch: 55
cache: cache/njb-26.pdf
txt: txt/njb-26.txt
title:
  Evaluation of the XpertMTB/RIF for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among the Patients Attending DOTS Center Parsa District of Nepal

summary:
  [1]. DOTS program was initiated in April 2001 with a goal to diagnose and cure TB patients which has treated more than 20 thousand patients till date [2]. Gene Xpert MTB RIF Pattern in TB patient and MDR Pattern in TB Patients are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively.


id: njb-38
author: Maharjan, Mahendra; Madhubala, Rentala
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4441
sentence: 255
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-38.pdf
txt: txt/njb-38.txt
title:
  Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression in antimony susceptible/resistant clinical isolates of Leishmania donovani

summary:
  HSP70 gene copy number, gene expression and HSP70 protein expression was found uniform in both antimony sensitive and resistant clinical isolates. A time dependent increase of HSP70 protein expression in L. donovani field isolates was observed.


id: njb-35
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4755
sentence: 288
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-35.pdf
txt: txt/njb-35.txt
author:
  Joshi, Bal K; Louws, Frank J; Yenco, G Craig; Sosinski, Byron R; Arellano, Consuelo; Panthee, Dilip R

title:
  Molecular Markers for Septoria Leaf Spot (Septoria lycopersicii Speg.) Resistance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

summary:
  We studied the inheritance of SLS resistance and identified molecular markers linked to SLS resistance using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) in a segregating F2 population. Subject to verification in independent populations, these markers may be useful for MAS of SLS resistance in tomato.


id: njb-170
author: Pawar, Rasika; Zambare, Vasudeo; Nabar, Bela
date: 2020-10-22
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4458
sentence: 352
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-170.pdf
txt: txt/njb-170.txt
title:
  Comparative Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance in Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Healthy Human Adult and Infant Feces

summary:
  Antibiotic resistance was exhibited by lactic acid bacteria against most commonly used antibiotics and it was higher in strains isolated from adult fecal samples than in the strains isolated from infant fecal samples. The increasing trend in antibiotic resistance from infant to adult might be due to food habits and antibiotic intakes.


id: njb-44
author: Deswal, Sumit
title: Models of T cell antigen receptor activation: the puzzle still remained
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3650
sentence: 201
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-44.pdf
txt: txt/njb-44.txt
summary:
  Although the downstream signaling mechanisms of T cell activation have been explored to quite detailed extent, the basic mechanism of how ligand binding to extracellular domains of TCRαβ leads to downstream signaling remained unclear. E-mail: deswal@immunbio.mpg.de, Tel.: +49-761-5108-314, FAX: +49-761-5108-423 Abstract T cell antigen receptor (TCR) is a protein-complex expressed on all T cells of the immune system and is responsible for the activation of T cells when infectious agent is presented by an antigen presenting cell (APC) in the form of peptides bound to the major histocompatibility complex (pMHC).


id: njb-16
title: Microbial and Physico-Chemical Quality Assessment of Rivers of Kathmandu Valley
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5118
sentence: 328
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-16.pdf
txt: txt/njb-16.txt
author:
  Poudel, Santosh; Paudyal, Akash; Sharma, Bishnu Prasad; Sharma, Kamana; Baral, Yubaraj; Adhikari, Shailaja; Shakya Hada, Manju Shree 

summary:
  The main objective of the study is to detect the physio-chemical and microbiological parameters of water sample from the Bagmati river and its tributaries of Kathmandu valley along with antibiotic susceptibility. Physical Parameters of water samples.


id: njb-46
author: Patel, Hardik A; Patel, Rajesh K; Khristi, Sunil M; Parikh, Kruti; Rajendran, Geetha
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5540
sentence: 318
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-46.pdf
txt: txt/njb-46.txt
title:
  Isolation and Characterization of Bacterial Endophytes from Lycopersicon esculentum Plant and their Plant Growth Promoting Characteristics

summary:
  PGPR have been reported to directly enhance plant growth by the production of plant growth regulators, and improvements in plant nutrient uptake [12,16] or indirectly by the production of metabolites like antibiotics, siderophores etc that decrease the growth of phytopathogens [12]. Four of the strains among the 18 showed maximum positive results of plant growth promoting regulators (PGPR) test and among them best probable isolate was selected and thus its 16SrDNA was amplified and sequenced.


id: njb-43
author: Rosyara, Umesh R; Joshi, Bal K
title: Association Mapping for Improvement of Quantitative Traits in Plant Breeding Populations
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7281
sentence: 546
flesch: 53
cache: cache/njb-43.pdf
txt: txt/njb-43.txt
summary:
  In the present review, we discuss different mapping populations, approaches, prospects and limitations of using association mapping in plant breeding populations. Jan.  2012,  Vol.  2,  No.  1:  72  –  89                                                                                                                    Biotechnology  Society  of  Nepal  (BSN),  All  rights  reserved   72 REVIEW ARTICLE Association  Mapping  for  Improvement  of  Quantitative  Traits  in  Plant  Breeding   Populations   Umesh R. Rosyara1 and Bal K. Joshi2 1  South  Dakota  State  University,  Plant  Science  Department,  Brookings,  South  Dakota,  USA   2  Biotechnology  Unit,  NARC,  Khumaltar,  PO  Box  1135  Kathmandu,  Nepal   *Correspondence  Author  recent  address:  joshibalak@yahoo.com   ABSTRACT DNA-based molecular markers have been extensively utilized for mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) of interest based on linkage analysis in mapping populations.


id: njb-27
author: Shrestha, Rupendra; Khadka, Sundar; Wagle, Susbin Raj; Sapkota, Alisha
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4705
sentence: 253
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-27.pdf
txt: txt/njb-27.txt
title:
  Detection of Latent HIV-1 Infection and Drug Resistant Mutation Testing in Nepal: HIV-1 env V3 DNA Sequence and RT Gene (M184V) Mutation

summary:
  In addition, there have been no systematic studies of HIV-1 resistance mutation in Nepalese population. Although the study shows negative for the M184V resistance mutation, screening of various panels of drug resistance mutations should be performed in recently infected HIV- 1 patients for planning the effective ART strategy.


id: njb-31
author: Pant, Narayan Dutt; Sharma, Manisha; Khatiwada, Saroj
title: Fasciolopsis buski Vomited Out by a Child; The First Case Reported from Nepal
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1107
sentence: 67
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-31.pdf
txt: txt/njb-31.txt
summary:
  ISSN 2467-9319 (online) CASE STUDY ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 66 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Fasciolopsis buski Vomited Out by a Child; The First Case Reported from Nepal Narayan Dutt Pant1*, Manisha Sharma2, Saroj Khatiwada3 1Department of Microbiology Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal 2Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu medical college, Kathmandu, Nepal 3CIST College, Kathmandu, Nepal Abstract Live adult worms of Fasciolopsis buski are rarely seen in humans except in autopsy. Trop Dis Bull 1994, 91:r126-r150. 4. Mahajan RK, Duggal S, Biswas NK, Duggal N, Hans C: A finding of live Fasciolopsis buski in an ileostomy opening.


id: njb-274
author: NJB, Nepal Journal of Biotechnology
date: 2023-07-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5563
sentence: 328
flesch: 67
cache: cache/njb-274.pdf
txt: txt/njb-274.txt
title:
  Effect of Coconut Water and GA3 Concentrations on in vitro Clonal Propagation of Potato Cultivars from Nepal

summary:
  1.16 CW 20 mL/L 9.5cd ± 0.5 5.67a ± 1.15 7bc ± 1 9.33ab ± 0.58 55c ± 6.24 1.02b ± 0.11 Cardinal 0 5.5b ± 0.46 10.03a ± 0.31 2.67a ± 0.58 7.67a ±1.53 0.73b ± 0.10 10.46a ± 1.57 9.84a ± 0.68 0.1 7.93a ± 0.86


id: njb-133
title: Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7666
sentence: 541
flesch: 49
cache: cache/njb-133.pdf
txt: txt/njb-133.txt
author:
  Shresta, Shrimita; Bhattarai, Bibek Raj; Adhikari, Bikash; Rayamajhee, Binod; Poudel, Pramod; Khanal, Santosh; Marasini, Bishnu P.; Aryal, Babita; Bhandari, Sudip; Parajuli, Niranjan

summary:
  Hence, the antibacterial activity of plant extracts reported here would be beneficial to identify some potent secondary metabolites as future drug candidates for the therapeutic measures of MDR-strains-induced infections in Nepal and beyond. To obtain plant extracts, the filtrates were concentrated in a rotary evaporator at 50 °C.


id: njb-30
author: Aryal, Sagar; Karki, Gaurab; Pandey, Sunil
title: Microbial Diversity in Freshwater and Marine Environment
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1781
sentence: 158
flesch: 53
cache: cache/njb-30.pdf
txt: txt/njb-30.txt
summary:
  Nominal cell counts of >105 cells per ml in surface sea water [12, 13] predict that the oceans harbor 3.6 X 1029 microbial cells with a total cellular carbon content of 3 X 1017g Freshwater Microbial Diversity Freshwater and marine environments differ in many ways including salinity, average temperature, depth, and nutrient content, but both provide many excellent habitats for microorganisms.


id: njb-132
author: Gunasinghe, Y.H.K.I.S.; Rathnayake, I.V.N.; Deeyamulla, M.P.
title: Plant and Plant Associated Microflora: Potential Bioremediation Option of Indoor Air Pollutants
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8828
sentence: 819
flesch: 46
cache: cache/njb-132.pdf
txt: txt/njb-132.txt
summary:
  Removal ratio of gaseous toluene and xylene transported from air to root zone via the stem by indoor plants. Can hydroculture be used to enhance the performance of indoor plants for the removal of air pollutants?


id: njb-28
author: Amgai, Resham Babu; Pantha, Sumitra; Bhatta, Madan Raj
title: Characterization of Nepalese Barley Gene Pool for Leaf Rust Resistance
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2914
sentence: 159
flesch: 67
cache: cache/njb-28.pdf
txt: txt/njb-28.txt
summary:
  Mammadov JA, Brooks WS, Griffey CA, Saghai Maroof MA: Validating molecular markers for barley leaf rust resistance genes Rph5 and Rph7. Identification of particular rust resistance gene and its incorporation is the only option for the development of barley varieties for leaf rust rust resistance.


id: njb-174
author: Suwal, Meena Maiya; Lamichhane, Janardan; Gauchan, Dhurva Prasad
title: Regeneration Technique of Bamboo Species through Nodal Segments: A Review
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11693
sentence: 1046
flesch: 65
cache: cache/njb-174.pdf
txt: txt/njb-174.txt
summary:
  The effect of coconut water on bamboo shoot multiplication has been reported by different researchers. Future research must be focused to generate a large scale of bamboo plants.


id: njb-29
author: Maharjan, Mahendra; Mandal, Swati; Madhubala, Rentala
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6676
sentence: 371
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-29.pdf
txt: txt/njb-29.txt
title:
  Assessing the Role of Potential Biomarkers in Antimony Susceptible and Resistant Clinical Isolates of L. donovani from India

summary:
  Comparison of MRPA gene expression in SAG-S versus SAG-R field isolates was done to verify if there is any correlation between MRPA gene expression and SAG susceptibility profile of the clinical isolates. MRPA gene expression in SAG-S versus SAG-R field isolates showed correlation between MRPA gene expression and SAG susceptibility profile of the clinical isolates.


id: njb-2
author: Shrestha, Bijay Kumar; Shakya, Jenish
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4313
sentence: 349
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-2.pdf
txt: txt/njb-2.txt
title:
  Simple method devised for rapid isolation and identification of Vibrio cholerae from water resources of Sunsari District, Nepal

summary:
  This study aimed to study the incidence of Vibrio species and employ simple method for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae from water samples of Sunsari, Nepal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the incidence of Vibrio species and devise simple method for rapid detection of Vibrio cholera from water samples of Sunsari, Nepal.


id: njb-49
author: Dulal, Santosh; Ban, Bhupal; Yang, Gi Hyoek; Jung, Hyun Ho
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5985
sentence: 288
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-49.pdf
txt: txt/njb-49.txt
title:
  Cloning, Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype F Domains

summary:
  Jan.  2012,  Vol.  2,  No.  1:  1  –  15                                                                                                                    Biotechnology  Society  of  Nepal  (BSN),  All  rights  reserved   10 strong affinity towards F-HN and native type F toxin (Figs. 5b and 6b). Conclusion This paper describes molecular and immunological studies on C. botulinum neurotoxin type F domains.


id: njb-51
author: Dhakal, Dipesh
title: Race for Excellence
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 1
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 425
sentence: 22
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-51.pdf
txt: txt/njb-51.txt
summary:
  Utilizing the science of biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, and information technology to develop products and services of great promise is the threshold of current scientific research. The fundamental backbone of scientific clues and technological intervention relies on course and discourse of the natural attributes within the nature itself; taking into consideration of the physical, chemical, biological and computational prospect.


id: njb-32
author: Kusi, Meena; Shrestha, Kanti; Malla, Rajani
date: 2015-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4132
sentence: 255
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-32.pdf
txt: txt/njb-32.txt
title:
  Study on Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Toxicity Profile of Viscum album Linn Associated with Acacia catechu

summary:
  [21- 23] Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay: Crude plant extract was prepared in three different concentrations of 1000ppm, 100ppm and 10ppm. Viscum album in Nepal has been used as a medicinal herb since very long.


id: njb-50
author: Dhakal, Dipesh
title: The Future Science
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 1
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 435
sentence: 17
flesch: 34
cache: cache/njb-50.pdf
txt: txt/njb-50.txt
summary:
  Hence,  the  future  science  should  be  BE  NATURAL   WITH  SUSTAINABILITY!   For  that   the   idea   from   the   developed   community   should   be   mingled   with   the   natural   resources   available   in   hotspots  patches  of  globe,  to  create  a  utopian  era. 


id: njb-52
author: Adhikari, Raju; Adhikari, Benu
title: Biotechnology Growth Partnership: A Potential Flagship Program in S&T
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2280
sentence: 95
flesch: 44
cache: cache/njb-52.pdf
txt: txt/njb-52.txt
summary:
  Nepal  currently  trades  about  36  different  types  of  products  derived  from  herbal plants and the total revenue earned is reported  to  be  approximately  12  million  NRs  (US  $240,000).  The clinical trials and manufacturing of products could  be  carried  out  in  Nepal  which  will  help  develop  necessary  infrastructure  for  the  production  of  such  value added products and clinical trial facilities  in the  long  run  on  low  cost.   


id: njb-53
author: Ray, Bishnu Pada; Hassan, Lutful; Sarker, Smreeti Kana
title: In vitro cultivation and regeneration of Solanum melongena (L.) using stem, root and leaf explants
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2581
sentence: 113
flesch: 62
cache: cache/njb-53.pdf
txt: txt/njb-53.txt
summary:
  Key words: Regeneration, BAP, NAA.    Correspondence Author:  E‐mail: bpray2003@yahoo.com  Introduction  Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), belongs to the family  Solanaceae, is one of the most popular, palatable and  nutritious  vegetable  crop  in  Bangladesh.  Abstract  The treatment combinations was BAP (0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg/L) and NAA (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L).


id: njb-57
author: Mathew, Shiju; Thomas, George; Ahmad, Tufail
title: An Evaluation of the Fungi Isolated from Sub-epidermal Region of Post-harvested Stored Wheat Grains
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2810
sentence: 166
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-57.pdf
txt: txt/njb-57.txt
summary:
  Fungal activity can cause undesirable effects in  grains  including  discolouration,  contribute  to  heating  and  losses  in  nutritional  value,  produce  off‐odours,  losses  in  germinability,  deterioration  in  baking  and  milling  quality,  and  can  result  in  contamination  by  mycotoxins (Hocking, 2003; Magan et al., 2003).  Jan. 2011, Vol. 1, No. 1 : 9‐13  13   Biotechnology Society of Nepal (BSN), All rights reserved   Detection  techniques  for  stored‐product  insects  in  grain.


id: njb-4
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5110
sentence: 329
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-4.pdf
txt: txt/njb-4.txt
author:
  Koirala, Niranjan; Khanal, Sareeta; Chaudhary, Sujan; Gautam, Sagar; Sah, Shiv Nandan; Subba, Prince; Marraiki, Najat; Batiha, Gaber El-Saber

title:
  Potential surface active agent production using very low grade and cheap substrate by Bacillus subtilis as microbial cell factory

summary:
  The emulsification activity of cell free broth extracted from soya cake This study recorded the emulsification activity was observed highest in mustard oil with the cell free extract from mustard oil cake whereas engine oil showed the lowest (Figure. 1). Emulsification activity in mustard oil from extract from mustard oil cake was found to be 1.13, 0.99, 0.81, 0.95 and 0.76 at the time interval of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hour respectively.


id: njb-56
author: Shrestha, Raunak; Joshi, Rubin Narayan; Joshi, Kriti; Poudel, Bal Hari; Shrestha, Bhupal Govinda
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3600
sentence: 163
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-56.pdf
txt: txt/njb-56.txt
title:
  Analysis of KatG Ser315Thr Mutation in Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and SLC11A1 Polymorphism in Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis in Central Development Region of Nepal Using PCR-RFLP Technique: A Pilot Study

summary:
  Samples  021,  022,  and  023  has  a  band  size  of  153  bp  indicating  no  mutation  at  315th  codon  position  where  as  sample  020  and  024  has  a  band sized 132 bp indicating SeràThr mutation at 315th  codon position of KatG gene.   This fact remained as a challenge  SampleID  MDR‐TB  INT4 PCR amplicon size  (bp)  ApaI digested product of  INT4 (bp)  G/C Polymorphism in INT4  SLC‐001  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐002  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐003  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐004  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐005  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐006  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐007  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐008  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐009  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐010  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐011  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐012  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐013  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐014  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐015  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐016  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐017  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐018  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐019  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐020  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐021  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐022  POSITIVE  514  514  NEGATIVE  SLC‐023  POSITIVE 


id: njb-64
author: Joshi, Bal Krishna; Joshi, Darbin; Ghimire, Surya Kanta
title: Genetic Diversity in Finger Millet Landraces revealed by RAPD and SSR Markers
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5501
sentence: 422
flesch: 64
cache: cache/njb-64.pdf
txt: txt/njb-64.txt
summary:
  Knowledge on genetic diversity is important to manage and use of finger millet landraces and genotypes properly. We have used finger millet landraces from just few farmers of two districts.


id: njb-5
author: Maharjan, Rasna; Thapa, Prakash; Khadayat, Karan; Kalauni, Surya Kant
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5161
sentence: 425
flesch: 58
cache: cache/njb-5.pdf
txt: txt/njb-5.txt
title:
  Phytochemical Analysis and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Young and Mature Leaves of Cinnamomum tamala

summary:
  C. tamala leaves exhibited significant biological properties with scientific validation including antioxidant [16,17], antimicrobial [18,19,20], anti-diabetic [21,22,23], anticancer [24], and anti-inflammatory Methanolic young leaves extract showed α-amylase inhibition with IC50 value 224.6 ± 2.76 μg/mL as compared to acarbose with IC50 value 5.93 ± 0.14 μg/mL. The result suggests that young leaves of C. tamala had anti-diabetic activity so further work should be carried out.


id: njb-58
author: Joshi, Bal K; Panthee, Dilip R
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4699
sentence: 267
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-58.pdf
txt: txt/njb-58.txt
title:
  Information Theory and Multivariate Techniques for Analyzing DNA Sequence Data: An Example from Tomato Genes

summary:
  Main  objective  was  use  of  information  theory  and  multivariate  techniques  to  understand  diversity  among  genes  and  relate  the  sequence  complexity  with  phenotypes.  Sequences  similarity  among  genes  was  observed within a family.


id: njb-55
author: Chandan, S; Umesha, S; Bhure, SK; Haraprasad, N; Chandrashekar, S
title: Development of PCR assay for targeting partial lipL21 and lipL41 gene of leptospira
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4502
sentence: 220
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-55.pdf
txt: txt/njb-55.txt
summary:
  Primer  degradation  was  suspected  and  the  PCR  reactions  at  the  optimized  conditions  were  repeated with fresh primer set P30/31. PCR reactions  were  again  carried  out  on  nine  serovars  at  MgCl2  Results and Discussion  Specificity  of  Leptospira  spp.  Primers.  The following conditions were chosen: PCR was  performed  in  25  ml  reaction  volume  containing  10x  Taq buffer with KCl (100mM Tris HCl, 50mM KCl, 0.8%  Nonidet P40), 1.5mM MgCl2, 2.5mM of each dNTPs, 2U  of  Taq  polymerase,  25pmoles  of  each  primer  and  0.25ml  of  DNA  (40ng/ml)  extract  from  L.  icterohaemorrhagiae. 


id: njb-242
author: Chinenye Onwubiko, Nwakuche; Ifeanyi Uguru, Michael; Ovute Chimdi, Grace
date: 2022-12-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3870
sentence: 269
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-242.pdf
txt: txt/njb-242.txt
title:
  Molecular Genetic Diversity in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc] Assessed by Microsatellite Markers

summary:
  In fact, there was a report from a previous study on a similar trend of association between Bambara groundnut accessions collected from different geographical areas, and in that study, it was concluded that these accessions were either related, or the genotypes were the same (22). 2 0 2 2 D e c ; 1 0 (2): 85-90 Research article DOI: https://doi.org/10.54796/njb.v10i2.242 ©NJB, BSN 85 Molecular Genetic Diversity in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc]


id: njb-243
author: Aththanayake, A.M.K.C.B.; Rathnayake, I.V.N.; Deeyamulla, M.P.
date: 2022-12-31
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14927
sentence: 1661
flesch: 43
cache: cache/njb-243.pdf
txt: txt/njb-243.txt
title:
  Detoxification and Removal of Hexavalent Chromium in Aquatic Systems: Applications of Bioremediation

summary:
  Adsorption is widely used for chromium removal in wastewater, consisting of Nepal J Biotechnol. This study also indicates 65% of chromium removal from tannery effluent and 85% of Cr(VI) removal from the synthetic medium at pH 6 within 07 days.


id: njb-87
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2958
sentence: 164
flesch: 61
cache: cache/njb-87.pdf
txt: txt/njb-87.txt
author:
  Aryal, Sajesan; Hada, Aroj; Hamal, Sanjay; Prajapati, Abhishek; Timilsina, Paras Mani; Adhikari, Sandeep

title:
  Development of Cost Optimized Horizontal Gel Electrophoresis Running Unit for Developing Countries (Nepal)

summary:
  *Corresponding Author Email: acsandeep2014@gmail.com Introduction In graduate courses and research environment, the use of gel electrophoresis seems to be an expensive technique. This protocol upon optimization can be effectively embraced by the high schools, colleges and even universities to demonstrate the basic principle of gel electrophoresis and provide each student with an equal opportunity to get acquainted with the physical as well as working mechanisms of the gel electrophoresis equipment at a low cost.


id: njb-82
author: Manzum, Amika Ahmed; Mamun, Md Arafat Al
title: Isolation of Bacillus spp. Bacteria from Soil for Production of Cellulase
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2790
sentence: 193
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-82.pdf
txt: txt/njb-82.txt
summary:
  [8].Therefore in this study an investigation was undertaken to isolate Bacillus bacteria capable of producing cellulase enzyme. Therefore, a study was undertaken to isolate Bacillus bacteria having the potential to produce cellulase from soil samples.


id: njb-54
author: Ammann, Klaus
title: Molecular differences between GM- and non-GM crops over-estimated?
date: 2022-07-11
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10606
sentence: 375
flesch: 29
cache: cache/njb-54.pdf
txt: txt/njb-54.txt
summary:
  Nature,  356, 6364, pp  1‐2     http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/356001b0 AND http:// www.botanischergarten.ch/Regulation/Anonymous‐US‐ Regulation‐Nature‐1992.pdf  Arber, W. (1994)    MOLECULAR EVOLUTION: COMPARISON OF NATURAL  AND ENGINEERED GENETIC VARIATIONS.  Plant Cell Reports, 18,  10, pp  858‐862     http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050674 AND http:// www.botanischergarten.ch/Mutations/Barnabas‐ Colchicine‐Genome‐Doubling‐1999.pdf  Barros, E. (2010) Molecular Profiling Techniques as Tools to  Detect Potential Unintended Effects in Genetically  Engineered Maize (revised title), Molecular Profiling  Techniques Detect Unintended Effects in Genetically  Engineered Maize (old title).


id: njb-71
author: Chhetri, Bijay
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3321
sentence: 353
flesch: 60
cache: cache/njb-71.pdf
txt: txt/njb-71.txt
title:
  Nematode Fauna Associated with Kiwi (Actinidia delicosa, Chev.) Plants in Machchhegaun, Kathmandu, Nepal

summary:
  No any published data about study of plant nematodes was found from study area. So, these four order of plant nematodes have been reported for the first time associated with Kiwi plants from Machchhegaun in Nepal.


id: njb-21
title: Pattern of Cancer in Nepal from 2003 to 2011
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2711
sentence: 172
flesch: 64
cache: cache/njb-21.pdf
txt: txt/njb-21.txt
author:
  Sah, Sunil Kumar; Yadav, Naval Kishor; Kurmi, Roshan; Rauniyar, Ramanuj; Manandhar, Krishan Das; Gupta, Birendra Prasad

summary:
  The total number of cancer cases were increasing from 2003 to 2011 and it become double in 2011.. Out of 75 district of Nepal, more number of cancer cases was found in Kathmandu, Sunsari, Morang, Chitwan, Lalitpur, Jhapa, Kaski, Nawalparasi, Rupendehi and Kavrepalchowk in 2010.


id: njb-76
title: Detection of Pyuria by Microscopic Urinalysis as a Marker of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3234
sentence: 233
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-76.pdf
txt: txt/njb-76.txt
author:
  Shrestha, Dhiraj; Thapa, Pratigya; Bhandari, Dinesh; Bhattachan, Balkrishna; Parajuli, Hiramani; Chaudary, Prakash; Sharma, Vijay Kumar; Shah, Pradeep Kumar

summary:
  We confirmed 64 (18.1%) UTI cases by culture, the gold standard for UTI diagnosis. Fever was the most common clinical manifestation in UTI cases.


id: njb-239
author: Kumar Shrestha, Deepak; Kumar Sapkota, Basanta; Prasad Sharma, Krishna
date: 2022-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4837
sentence: 337
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-239.pdf
txt: txt/njb-239.txt
title:
  Assessment of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Selected Nepalese Medicinal Plants

summary:
  Polyphenols are the strong antioxidant in plant extracts [11]. This test is a straightforward, popular, and widely accepted method to assess the antioxidant potential of plant extracts.


id: njb-77
author: Agrahari, Gaurav; Koirala, Amrit; Thapa, Roshan; Chaudhary, Mahesh Kumar; Tuladhar, Reshma
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4008
sentence: 307
flesch: 49
cache: cache/njb-77.pdf
txt: txt/njb-77.txt
title:
  Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Plasmid Profiles of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples

summary:
  Terry Alli OA, Akinloye O, Rowley DA, Butcher PD: A comparative assessment of ribosomal DNA polymorphisms in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) epidemiology. ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Plasmid Profiles of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples Gaurav Agrahari1, Amrit Koirala1, Roshan Thapa1, Mahesh Kumar Chaudhary2 and Reshma Tuladhar1* 1Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal, 2KIST Medical College, Imadol, Kathmandu, Nepal, Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), showing resistance to several antibiotics is a global health problem associated with considerable mortality and morbidity.


id: njb-84
author: Kumar, Ashok; Sharma, Palvi; Mahajan, Anupama; Begum, Zarina
title: In Vitro Comparative Study of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Dietary Plants
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3729
sentence: 308
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-84.pdf
txt: txt/njb-84.txt
summary:
  Due to drug resistance of pathogens, efforts have been made to find their substitute for treatment of diseases and with knowledge of antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, they may play a significant role in cure of microbial diseases [16]. 10mg/ml of Ascorbic acid used as reference for compare results of plant extracts.


id: njb-229
title: Screening of Carbapenem Resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae and its MIC against Imipenem
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3321
sentence: 223
flesch: 44
cache: cache/njb-229.pdf
txt: txt/njb-229.txt
author:
  Saud, Sarada; Agrawal, Ashwani; Pokhrel, Soniya; Subedi, Sushma; Shrestha, Sanjit; Man Amatya, Niroj

summary:
  Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted in B & B Hospital, Lalitpur to screen the distribution of carbapenem resistance K. pneumoniae through ertapenem and to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration of imipenem for screened carbapenem resistance K. pneumoniae. Shilpa K, Thomas R, Ramyashree A. Isolation and Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae from sputum samples in a tertiary care hospital.


id: njb-91
author: Shakya, Shubha Ratna
title: Effect of Herbs and Herbal Products Feed Supplements on Growth in Fishes: A Review
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4198
sentence: 355
flesch: 60
cache: cache/njb-91.pdf
txt: txt/njb-91.txt
summary:
  An artificial feed used in the aquaculture improves fish growth with maximum weight in short time [3]. New substances are added in fish feed to improve feed conversion efficiency that result in fish growth [4].


id: njb-66
author: Bhandari, Ganesh; Pokhrel, Basant; Oli, Yogesh; Katuwal, Archana; Bhandari, Netra Lal
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4020
sentence: 271
flesch: 55
cache: cache/njb-66.pdf
txt: txt/njb-66.txt
title:
  Screening of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Wounds in Pediatric Patients Visiting Tertiary Care in Hospital

summary:
  278 Sensitive % Resistant % Amikacin Ciprofloxacin Cotrimoxazole Cefoxitin Erythromycin Cloxacillin Cefotaxime Penicillin Ofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin 236 100 125 176 166 180 236 28 116 255 264 84.89 35.97 44.96 63.30 59.7 64.74 84.89 10.08 41.72 91.72 94.96 42 178 153 102 112 98 42 250 162 23 14 15.10 64.02 55.04 36.69 40.28 35.25 15.10 89.92 58.27 8.27 5.03 Table 7. Resistant % Sensitive %


id: njb-224
title: Development of Effective Protocol for Four Varieties of Large Cardamom
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3871
sentence: 261
flesch: 65
cache: cache/njb-224.pdf
txt: txt/njb-224.txt
author:
  Balzer, Anna; Shah, Sujit; Kumar Ale, Yam; Adhikari, Dipti; Niroula, Sanjit; Mandal, Jawaharlal; Bahadur Pun, Amar; Poudel, Krishna; Bhantana, Parashuram; Timsina, Govinda; Karn, Ravindra; Karki, Sujwal

summary:
  ©NJB, BSN 3 Table 1: Growth patterns of Dambarsai, Golsai, Sikkimae, and Ramsai cardamom varieties in response to differing cytokinin concentration in micropropagation. Table 2: Growth ranking for optimal shooting and rooting of Dambarsai, Golsai, Sikkimae, and Ramsai cardamom varieties in response to differing cytokinin concentration in micropropagation.


id: njb-86
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3561
sentence: 250
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-86.pdf
txt: txt/njb-86.txt
author:
  Baral, Bharat Prasad; Koirala Sharma, Binita; Gurung, Krishna; Gurung, Ram Raja; Supram, Hosuru Subramanava; Bhattachan, Balkrishna

title:
  Fecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. among School Children in Pokhara, Nepal

summary:
  Conversely, the findings of another study [20] showed the variable result with E. coli isolates, 33(9%) were ESBL producers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp.


id: njb-85
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3578
sentence: 226
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-85.pdf
txt: txt/njb-85.txt
author:
  Shah, Gyanendra Bikram; Gurung, Krishna; Baral, Bharat Prasad; Gurung, Ram Raja; Bhattachan, Balkrishna

title:
  Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections among Blood Donors in Blood Transfusion Center, Pokhara, Nepal: Seroprevalence and its Associated Risk Factors

summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 33 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections among Blood Donors in Blood Transfusion Center, Pokhara, Nepal: Seroprevalence and its Associated Risk Factors Gyanendra Bikram Shah1, 2, Krishna Gurung1, Bharat Prasad Baral1, Ram Raja Gurung3, Blood donors in Pokhara Valley were screened for anti-HCV antibodies, anti-HBV antibodies using third generation ELISA kits and automated ELISA Processor in serology laboratory at Central Blood Transfusion Service (CBTS) of Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) in Pokhara, Nepal.


id: njb-74
author: Pandey, Binayak Raj; Shrestha, Angela; Sharma, Nisha; Shrestha, Bhupal Govinda
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4482
sentence: 276
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-74.pdf
txt: txt/njb-74.txt
title:
  Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Potentials of Agave americana

summary:
  Figure 1 Graphical comparison of antimicrobial activity of A. americana extract against different clinical isolates. The graph shows antioxidant assay of A. americana extract in comparison to ascorbic acid as the standard.


id: njb-69
author: Maharjan, Elina; Shakya, Pooja; Bhattachan, Balkrishna; Baral, Bharat Prasad; Shrestha, Dhiraj
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4319
sentence: 361
flesch: 61
cache: cache/njb-69.pdf
txt: txt/njb-69.txt
title:
  Phenotypic characterization of beta-lactamases producing Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary hospital, Nepal

summary:
  [17] and 4% Nepal et al in 2017 Poudyal S, Bhatta DR, Shakya G, Upadhyaya B, Dumre SP, Buda GC, et al: Extended- Spectrum beta-lactamase producing multidrug resistant clinical bacterial isolates at National Public Health Laboratory, Nepal.


id: njb-225
title: Microbial Quality Assessment of Raw Freshwater Fish Sold in Local Markets of Kathmandu Valley
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4746
sentence: 289
flesch: 64
cache: cache/njb-225.pdf
txt: txt/njb-225.txt
author:
  Prasai, Shristi; Shrestha, Puja; Pandey, Sriniwas; Adhikari, Ishika; Gurung, Srijana; Prajapati, Kamil

summary:
  It was then serially diluted up to a dilution of 10-5. Bacteriological analysis of fish samples For total plate count (TPC), 0.1ml sample from 10-3 and 10-5 dilutions were taken and spread plating was done on PCA agar. Average TPC of fish samples Sample Organs (cfu/gm in average) Skin Gills Intestine Average LR 6.5 x 106 8.2 x 107 8.05 x 107 5.6 x 107 CC 1.23 x 107 2.96 x 107 8.03 x 107 4.1 x 107 CB 1.2 x 107 6.6 x 107 2.3 x 108 1.02 x 108 Average 1.02 x 107 5.9 x 107 1.3 x 108 Note: LR = Labeo rohita, CC = Cyprinus carpio and CB = Clarias batrachus In this study, 9 fish sample of 3 different varieties, L. rohita (LR), C. carpio (CC) and C. batrachus (CB) were analyzed for its microbial quality and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for the isolated strain.


id: njb-83
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4649
sentence: 277
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-83.pdf
txt: txt/njb-83.txt
author:
  Baniya, Amina; Singh, Sushma; Singh, Minu; Nepal, Pragya; Adhikari, Mahesh; Aryal, Sagar; Adhikari, Anurag

title:
  Isolation and Screening of Antibiotics Producing Streptomyces spp from the Soil Collected around the Root of Alnus nepalensis from Godawari

summary:
  NASA 108(ZOI-29.66mm) and NASA 113(ZOI-26.4mm) showed antibacterial activity against Imepenem resistant E. faecalis (Figure 2). NASA 103, NASA 104, NASA 105, NASA 106, NASA 107, NASA 109, NASA 110, NASA 111, NASA 114, NASA 115, NASA 201, NASA 301, NASA 302, NASA 305, Nepal Journal of Biotechnology.


id: njb-228
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4502
sentence: 264
flesch: 65
cache: cache/njb-228.pdf
txt: txt/njb-228.txt
author:
  Bajgain, Abhishek; Dev Neupane, Bashu; Sarraf, Diwakar; Karmacharya, Jwalant; Ranjitkar, Saksham; Shrestha, Rajan; Gyawali, Rajendra

title:
  Quality Evaluation of Apis laboriosa and Apis mellifera Honey Collected from Bagmati Province, Nepal

summary:
  Various values of pH shown by different honey samples are tabulated down in Table 4. Honey samples of Apis laboriosa and Apis mellifera were collected during spring of 2019 & 2021 and autumn 2021 from the Bagmati province, Nepal.


id: njb-75
author: Shakya, Shubha Ratna; Labh, Shyam Narayan
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5833
sentence: 464
flesch: 60
cache: cache/njb-75.pdf
txt: txt/njb-75.txt
title:
  Ethanol Extract of Choerospondias axillaris Fruit Pulp Enhances Haematological Parameters in Oncorhynchus mykiss Cultured in Nepal

summary:
  In intensive aquaculture stress level in fish impairing immune responses against pathogens leads to disease outbreaks in fishes Discussion In fishes, blood is a patho-physiological reflector of the entire body and the haematological parameters such as leucocyte count, erythrocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin are routinely tested to monitor the health status of fish and any deviation from the normal ranges may indicate a disturbance in the physiological process.


id: njb-68
author: Thapa, Rojina; Thapa, Rambika; Mahat, Sunita; Thapa, Rupak
title: Polyphenols: Nature's Gift as dietary phytoconstituents against different human ailments
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5310
sentence: 529
flesch: 54
cache: cache/njb-68.pdf
txt: txt/njb-68.txt
summary:
  Yamada H, Watanabe H: Tea polyphenols in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Yamada H, Watanabe H: Tea polyphenols in preventing cardiovascular diseases.


id: njb-227
author: Kumar Shrestha, Bijay; Dhungana, Bidhya; Shakya, Jenish; Shrestha, Romika; Chauhan, Sujata
title: Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Bark Extract of Shorea robusta (Sal)
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4546
sentence: 349
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-227.pdf
txt: txt/njb-227.txt
summary:
  Antimicrobial Screening of bark extract of S. robusta against E. coli Figure 3: Antimicrobial susceptibility test by S. robusta extract. In one study, S. robusta extract exhibited antibacterial activity against different clinical pathogens


id: njb-70
author: Kumari, Rinki; Ilango, K.; Singh, G.P.I.; Dubey, G.P.
title: Pharmacological In vivo test to evaluate the antidepressant activity of polyherbal formulation
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6282
sentence: 433
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-70.pdf
txt: txt/njb-70.txt
summary:
  The results indicated that polyherbal formulation exhibited significant antidepressant activity, as indicated by its ability to decrease force swim stress, induced immobility time in rats as well as restoring the biogenic amines to normal level that were altered by the swim induced stress in whole rat brain. The present study can be summarized by following finding: 1. the force swim stress procedure caused depressive-like behavior in treatment rats, as observed by different assays such as mirror chamber test and elevated plus maze test; 2. significant reduction in depressive- like behaviors was evident in the stressed rats treated with PF and Sertraline (positive control); 3. forced swim test procedures imbalance the neurotransmitter and induced inflammatory injury along with oxidative damage by increasing lipid peroxidation in the treated rats and 4. PF and Sertraline treatments exerted protective effects against forced swim stress and increase the level of neurotransmitter and decrease the glutathione in the rat brain.


id: njb-93
author: Rimal, Ujjwal; Thapa, Shovana; Maharjan, Roshani
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4741
sentence: 371
flesch: 55
cache: cache/njb-93.pdf
txt: txt/njb-93.txt
title:
  Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species from Urinary Specimens of Children attending Friendship International Children’s Hospital

summary:
  In our study, 25.5% of E. coli isolates and 12.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were ESBL producer. Regular and routine monitoring of ESBL producing isolates is essential.


id: njb-67
author: Kumari, Rinki
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6480
sentence: 424
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-67.pdf
txt: txt/njb-67.txt
title:
  Potential of Ayurvedic Drugs in Differentiating Neuronal Stem Cells from Human Breast Milk: A Review

summary:
  Recently, Stem cell therapy has revolutionized excellent clinical therapy with the potential of stem cells to differentiate into various cell types and it may help to replace different cell lines of an organism. Stem cells, able to construct every type of human tissues or organ and due to unlimited self-renewal to produce progeny exactly the same as the originating cell with the extremely regulated mode.


id: njb-22
title: Study of Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus
date: 2016-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3568
sentence: 214
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-22.pdf
txt: txt/njb-22.txt
author:
  Thapa, Nita; Thapa, Pratiksha; Bhandari, Jay; Niraula, Prasodhan; Shrestha, Nikita; Shrestha, Bhupal G

summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 52 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb IC50 value of ascorbic acid = 5.62µg/ml IC50 value of Artocarpus heterophyllus = 8.33µg/ml IC50 value of ascorbic acid = 12.96µg/ml IC50 value of Artocarpus heterophyllus = 29.29µg/ml IC50 value of Ascorbic acid=5.27µg/ml IC50 value of Artocarpus heterophyllus=10.69µg/ml Figure 2: A, B and C represents antioxidant activity of methanol, ethyl acetate, aqueous methanol respectively. topic of antimicrobial plant extracts as they believe that these phytochemicals will find their way as alternate to antimicrobial drugs as those prescribed by physicians. Further, antimicrobial activity was assessed through disc diffusion method with six pathological bacteria and two fungi strains in four different concentrations of plant extract.


id: njb-62
author: Daniel, Imaobong E.; Akpan, Ekemini I.; Utam, Edidiong C.
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8255
sentence: 656
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-62.pdf
txt: txt/njb-62.txt
title:
  Phytochemical Evaluation, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Various Extracts from Leaves and Stems of Bryophyllum pinnatum

summary:
  Magnesium strip and HCl were mixed with plant extracts. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Aeromonas hydrophila by plant extracts in refrigerated cooked beef.


id: njb-92
author: Giri, Gorakh Raj; Timilsina, Uddhav
title: Apoptosis: Implications in Viral and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7305
sentence: 644
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-92.pdf
txt: txt/njb-92.txt
summary:
  Both viral and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections modulate host cell apoptosis for their benefits [6,9–11]. Thus, evidence suggests that host cell apoptosis is crucial for host resistance to Mtb infection.


id: njb-226
author: Habiba Akter, Umme; Begum, Fatema; Islam, M. R.; Nahar Prinky, Jannatun; Khatun, Mst. Rehena
date: 2022-07-30
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8468
sentence: 583
flesch: 65
cache: cache/njb-226.pdf
txt: txt/njb-226.txt
title:
  Occurrence of Purple Blotch Disease Associated with Selected Garlic Varieties and its Management Through Bio-Agent, Botanicals and Fungicides

summary:
  The current research work was aimed to assess the occurrence of purple blotch disease incidence and severity of selected garlic varieties, to isolate and identify purple blotch disease and pathogenicity test of Alternaria porri, and its management using bio-agent, plant extracts and fungicides. BARI Rashun-3 showed the highest disease incidence (40.00%) and severity (92.00%) of purple blotch disease.


id: njb-178
author: Hori, Kengo; Devkota, Hari Prasad
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2692
sentence: 217
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-178.pdf
txt: txt/njb-178.txt
title:
  Phenolic Compounds from the Aerial Parts of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A. DC. var. triphylla and their Free Radical Scavenging Activity

summary:
  japonica (Regel) H. Hara (“Tsuriganeninjin” in Japanese) are among many varieties of plant A. triphylla (Thunb.) Free radical scavenging activity of the extract and compounds was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity method.


id: njb-212
author: Bhattachan, Balkrishna; Rai, Ganesh; Munankarmi, Nabin Narayan; Sherchand, Jeevan Bahadur
title: Cyclospora cayetanensis: An Infestation among Diarrheal Children in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2267
sentence: 168
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-212.pdf
txt: txt/njb-212.txt
summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 16 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Cyclospora cayetanensis: Orozco-Mosqueda GE, Martı´nez-Loya OA, and Ortega YR: Cyclospora cayetanensis in a Pediatric Hospital in Morelia, Mexico.


id: njb-214
author: Saiju, Hari Krishna; Bajracharya, Abhishesh; Rajbahak, Brishav; Ghimire, Stuti
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3267
sentence: 195
flesch: 68
cache: cache/njb-214.pdf
txt: txt/njb-214.txt
title:
  Comparative Study of Growth Statistics of Two Species of Paulownia and Optimization of Rooting Methods

summary:
  Keywords: Paulownia tomentosa, Paulownia fortuneii, growth comparison, in-vitro rooting, sand- rooting, nodal culture *Corresponding Author Email: hk.saiju@aitm.edu.np Introduction Paulownia is a fast-growing, woody tree native to the forests of China [1]. Steud and Paulownia fortuneii (Seem.)


id: njb-182
author: Devkota, Surya Prasad; Paudel, Ashmita; Gurung, Krishna
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3803
sentence: 262
flesch: 49
cache: cache/njb-182.pdf
txt: txt/njb-182.txt
title:
  Vancomycin Intermediate MRSA Isolates Obtained from Retail Chicken Meat and Eggs Collected at Pokhara, Nepal

summary:
  S aureus was isolated from eggshells and chicken meat samples collected from different retail outlets of the Pokhara metropolitan. Isolated yellow colonies were further examined by Gram-staining, catalase, and coagulase test to detect S aureus.


id: njb-195
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3314
sentence: 263
flesch: 47
cache: cache/njb-195.pdf
txt: txt/njb-195.txt
author:
  Subedi, Deepak; Devkota, Surya Prasad; Bhatta, Dharm Raj; Sharma, Binita Koirala; Paudel, Ashmita; Gurung, Krishna; Gautam, Damodar

title:
  Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of respiratory pathogens obtained at tertiary care hospital from western Nepal

summary:
  Keywords: respiratory pathogens, western Nepal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp, Klebsiella pneumonia, S. aureus. Surveillance study on respiratory pathogens was imminent in this part of the nation.


id: njb-204
author: Shrestha, Dhiraj; Bhattachan, Balkrishna
title: Nipah Virus (NiV) Infection: Is Nepal Prepared for the Possible Outbreak?
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2696
sentence: 216
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-204.pdf
txt: txt/njb-204.txt
summary:
  Thus, the territorial habitat of these bats is the high risk zone of NiV outbreak. 23 Dawes BE, Kalveram B, Ikegami T, Juelich T, Smith JK, Zhang L, Park A, Lee B, Komeno T, Furuta Y, Freiberg AN: Favipiravir (T-705) protects against Nipah virus infection in the hamster model.


id: njb-205
author: Thapa, Christina; Shakya, Pallavi; Shrestha, Rabina; Pal, Sushovita; Manandhar, Prakash
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3576
sentence: 211
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-205.pdf
txt: txt/njb-205.txt
title:
  Isolation of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Producing Bacteria, Optimization of Culture Conditions for PHB production, Extraction and Characterization of PHB

summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 62 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Isolation of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Producing Bacteria, Optimization of Culture Conditions for PHB production, Extraction and Characterization of PHB Christina Thapa¹, Pallavi Shakya¹, Rabina Shrestha¹, Sushovita Pal¹, Prakash Manandhar² Department of Biotechnology, SANN International College, Purbanchal University, Nepal1 Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, Nepal2 Abstract Polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs) are energy reserves synthesized by different micro-organisms such as Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Algae, in excess of carbon and limitation of nutrients like nitrogen. The micro-organisms for this purpose were isolated from 4 different soil samples and screened for PHB production.


id: njb-109
title: Thyroid Function and Thyroglobulin Level in Iodine-Deficient Children of Eastern Nepal
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3060
sentence: 220
flesch: 61
cache: cache/njb-109.pdf
txt: txt/njb-109.txt
author:
  Kunwar, Saroj; Khatiwada, Saroj; Gelal, Basanta; Thapa, Saroj; Shah, Gaurishankar; Baral, Nirmal; Lamsal, Madhab

summary:
  Several studies, particularly in eastern Nepal show promising results in the improvement of iodine deficiency as revealed by an increase in median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of school children In another study in eastern regions, Dhankuta and Dharan, iodine deficiency was 26.6% and 15.6% respectively among school children [13, 14].


id: njb-176
author: Mohammed, Messaoudi; Maroua, Merah
title: Phytochemicals Levels and Antioxidant Capacities of Figs Flowers Fruits
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4546
sentence: 376
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-176.pdf
txt: txt/njb-176.txt
summary:
  Tests of antioxidant capacity The antioxidant capacity of the four varieties were evaluated using free radical scavenging test (DPPH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Total antioxidant capacity of fig flowers fruits methanolic extracts.


id: njb-106
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3695
sentence: 235
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-106.pdf
txt: txt/njb-106.txt
author:
   Thapa, Aishwarya;  Budhathoki, Anupa;  Sapkota, Anupama; Sainju, Muskan; Shrestha, Prativa; Prasad Pant, Shyam

title:
  Isolation, Identification and Screening of Bacillus species with Antimicrobial Activity from Different Soil Samples of Kathmandu Valley

summary:
  Zone of inhibition demonstrated by antimicrobial metabolite producing isolates against test organisms Sample Isolate Number Name of the isolate S. aureus E. coli Pseudomonas spp. Hence, this study determines the soil in Kathmandu Valley as a potential source of antimicrobial producing Bacillus spp.


id: njb-180
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3861
sentence: 268
flesch: 52
cache: cache/njb-180.pdf
txt: txt/njb-180.txt
author:
  Rai, Shyamala; Karki, Barsha; Humagain, Sujita; Rimal, Sandesh; Adhikari, Sandhya; Adhikari, Shilpa; Thapa, Suchitra

title:
  Antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Milk Sold in Kathmandu District

summary:
  [7, 11] in milk samples but in the case of Nepal very less studies are found on antibiotic resistance of milk isolates. Total bacterial count of milk samples The collected milk samples were serially diluted up to- 10-8 dilution.


id: njb-94
author: Chaudhary, Pradip Kumar; Shrestha, Mitesh; Poudel, Bal Hari; Adhikari, Mahesh Kumar
title: In vitro Cultivation of Newly Reported Wild Edible Mushroom Volvariella bomybycina from Nepal
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2639
sentence: 228
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-94.pdf
txt: txt/njb-94.txt
summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 28 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb induce development of fruiting bodies from wild edible mushroom V. bombycina. A variety of waste materials have been used for cultivation of Volvariella mushroom that include paddy straw, water hyacinth, oil palm bunch and oil palm pericarp waste, banana waste, sawdust, cotton waste, sugar cane bagasse, composted mixtures of tropical wood wastes and pineapple skin waste.


id: njb-190
title: Infectious sources of Histoplasmosis and molecular techniques for its identification
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4230
sentence: 327
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-190.pdf
txt: txt/njb-190.txt
author:
  Bhandari, Sudip; Rayamajhee, Binod; Dhungel, Laxmi; Poudel, Sami; Gaire, Bhagwati; Shrestha, Sunil; Parajuli, Niranjan

summary:
  Notably, in tuberculosis- endemic regions, disseminated histoplasmosis can easily be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis because of its similar clinical symptoms and must be considered as histoplasmosis infection in patients who do not respond to empiric anti- tubercular therapy [20]. The real-time RT-PCR or qPCR shows promising results in the diagnosis of histoplasmosis infection, which currently identified the H. capsulatum among several other fungi


id: njb-213
author: Nepal, Pragya; Singh, Minu; Baniya, Amina; Singh, Sushma; Sainju, Hari Krishna; Shrestha, Rajani
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5084
sentence: 294
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-213.pdf
txt: txt/njb-213.txt
title:
  Comparative Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Assesments of Leaves of Desmostachya bipinnata L. Stapf, Hordeum vulgare L. and Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f.

summary:
  Plant extracts used in different … H.vulgare D.bipinnata D.falcatum 0 5 10 15 20 25 Pure 2:01 1:01Z o n e o f In h ib it io n ( in m m ) Plant extracts used in different concentrations H.vulgare D.bipinnata D.falcatum 0 5 10 15 20 25 pure 2:01 1:01 Z o n e o f In h ib it io n (i n m m )


id: njb-95
author: Subedi, Munal; Magar, Mamata Gharti; Rajbhandari, Gita Shrestha
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3887
sentence: 235
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-95.pdf
txt: txt/njb-95.txt
title:
  Assessment of Quality of Underground Drinking Water: Very near (≤20 meters) and Far (>50 meters) from the River

summary:
  300 ml of underground water samples were collected from 100 different households located near site (≤20 meters) and far site (>50 meters) from Bagmati river. However, in areas ≤10 meter distance, pH ranged from 7.3-8.9, whereas in water samples from areas >50 meters distance pH ranged from 6.9-7.9.


id: njb-129
author: Pathak, Enish; Sanjyal, Arjun; Regmi, Chhatra Raj; Paudel, Saroj; Shrestha, Anima
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3912
sentence: 247
flesch: 58
cache: cache/njb-129.pdf
txt: txt/njb-129.txt
title:
  Screening of Potential Plant Growth Promoting Properties of Bacillus Species Isolated from Different Regions of Nepal

summary:
  This study was aimed to isolate Bacillus species from soil of different regions of Nepal and screen for their ability to promote plant growth directly or indirectly by testing their ability to produce plant growth hormone indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and protease as well as phosphate solubilization. The isolated strains showed positive results to maximum PGPR traits and exhibited a potential to be used as alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides and could be used as low-cost bio-based technology to promote plant growth in the agricultural sector.


id: njb-96
author: Thapa, Kabi; Bhattachan, Balkrishna; Gurung, Raja Ram; Katuwal, Archana; Khadka, Jagat Bahadur
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4007
sentence: 322
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-96.pdf
txt: txt/njb-96.txt
title:
  Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Shigella spp. Among Gastroenteritis Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Pokhara, Nepal

summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 14 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Shigella spp. The main aim of our study is to isolate and identify Shigella spp.


id: njb-114
author: Shrestha, Tara; Lamichhane, Janardan
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3281
sentence: 251
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-114.pdf
txt: txt/njb-114.txt
title:
  Assessment of phytochemicals, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Gurjo)

summary:
  It is suggested that T. cordifolia methanol extract when taken orally has increased the erythrocytes membrane lipid peroxide and catalase activity [11] T. cordifolia is a well-known medicinal plant in traditional medicine, and several recent scientific investigations have highlighted its potential value in modern medicine. Brine shrimp lethality assay The toxic property of T. cordifolia methanolic extract was determined using the brine shrimp lethality


id: njb-116
author: Adhikari, Bibek; Shah, Pradeep Kumar; Karki, Roman
title: Antibiogram and Phytochemical Analysis of Cinnamon, Clove, and Sichuan Pepper Extracts
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5655
sentence: 455
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-116.pdf
txt: txt/njb-116.txt
summary:
  Several infectious diseases are treated using a wide range of plant extracts since they possess antimicrobial potentials. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins are the essential phytochemicals present in the plants with possible therapeutic activities and these phytochemicals obtained in plant extracts have demonstrated antimicrobial potential against a wide range of infectious microorganisms


id: njb-112
author: Pakuwal, Evance; Manandhar, Prakash
title: Comparative Study of Nutritional Profile of Rice Varieties in Nepal
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5024
sentence: 402
flesch: 64
cache: cache/njb-112.pdf
txt: txt/njb-112.txt
summary:
  The results also highlight the cooking and physicochemical properties of rice depending on the amylose content of rice varieties. Among those, pigmented rice varieties such as red, black, purple, and brown rice are known to be consumed for a long time in Southeast Asian countries.


id: njb-189
author: Chhetri, Til Kumari; Subedee, Bijay Raj; Pant, Bijaya
date: 2019-12-29
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7065
sentence: 458
flesch: 62
cache: cache/njb-189.pdf
txt: txt/njb-189.txt
title:
  Isolation, Identification and Production of Encapsulated Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Study on their Viability

summary:
  Increasing the efficiency of the use of available soil nitrogen can meet the additional Nitrogen demand by making cereal plants capable of fixing its own nitrogen through close Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Apart from direct benefit from effective nitrogen fixation [4] legumes and Rhizobium provides added value in weed, pathogen and insect control when rotated with crop in farming system [5] together with improving soil structure and increasing soil organic matter content


id: njb-97
author: Thusa, Rojeena; Mulmi, Sushika
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4907
sentence: 265
flesch: 59
cache: cache/njb-97.pdf
txt: txt/njb-97.txt
title:
  Analysis of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata

summary:
  Test for Reducing Sugar To 0.5ml of plant extract, 1ml of water and 5-8 drops of Fehling’s solution was added and heated over water bath. Test for Cardiac Glycosides 5ml of plant extract was treated with 2ml of glacial acetic acid containing one drop of FeCl3 solution.


id: njb-120
author: Koirala, Barsha; Shrestha, Angela
title: Comparative Study of Bioactive Compounds in Different Varieties of Pears in Nepal
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5011
sentence: 380
flesch: 62
cache: cache/njb-120.pdf
txt: txt/njb-120.txt
summary:
  Qualitative tests for sugars/carbohydrates in pear juice The various tests for sugars (Molisch’s test, Benedict’s test, Barfoed’s test, Seliwanoff test, Fehling’s test, Bial’s test, and Iodine test), protein test and phytochemicals (Catechins, Flavonoids, Cyclic glycosides, Terpenoids) were performed for pear juices. They were present in high amount in Chojuro, Kosui and Pharping pears.


id: njb-119
author: Budhathoki, Shailesh; Shrestha, Anima
title: Screening of Actinomycetes from Soil for Antibacterial Activity
date: 2020-12-30
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5935
sentence: 349
flesch: 48
cache: cache/njb-119.pdf
txt: txt/njb-119.txt
summary:
  Actinomycetes have broad spectrum antibacterial activity Among test organisms, Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most susceptible with susceptibility toward 12 actinomycetes isolates followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, susceptible towards 10 isolates of actinomycetes. Bar diagram showing susceptibility of test organisms towards actinomycetes isolates.


id: njb-1
author: Baral, Adesh; Gorkhali, Ritesh; Basnet, Amit; Koirala, Shubham; Bhattarai, Hitesh K
date: 2021-12-30
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6954
sentence: 475
flesch: 56
cache: cache/njb-1.pdf
txt: txt/njb-1.txt
title:
  Efficacy and Toxicity of Different Forms of Asparaginases Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Review

summary:
  In a comparison done between intermittent and continuous routes of PEG E. coli asparaginase among 625 children of Europe, it was found that 95% of patients were asparagine depleted during treatment There were also specific toxicities seen in the group given PEG E. coli asparaginase.


id: njb-98
author: Devkota, Hari Prasad; Miyazaki, Sena; Yahara, Shoji
title: Amentoflavone and Kaempferol Glycosides from the Aerial Parts of Cissampelos pareira
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1870
sentence: 132
flesch: 66
cache: cache/njb-98.pdf
txt: txt/njb-98.txt
summary:
  Keywords: Cissampelos pareira; Menispermaceae; Batulpate; Flavonoids; Amentoflavone *Corresponding Author Email: devkotah@kumamoto-u.ac.jp Introduction Cissampelos pareira L. (Family: Menispermaceae), commonly known as “Batulpate” in Nepal, is a climbing herb with perennial root-stock. Borthakur M, Devi N, Mahanta R: Antifertility activity of the methanolic leaf extract of Cissampelos pareira in female albino mice.


id: njb-117
author: K.C., Mamata; Lamichhane, Anuj
title: Advances in Agricultural Biotechnology
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6648
sentence: 575
flesch: 50
cache: cache/njb-117.pdf
txt: txt/njb-117.txt
summary:
  Tissue culture has been used extensively to create genetic variability through the in-vitro culture of protoplasts, anthers, microspores, ovules, and embryos, to improve crop plants and to increase the number of desirable germplasm available to the plant breeder. Disease resistance genes are also transferred using somatic hybridization like asymmetric somatic hybridization was used to transfer bacterial blight resistance trait from wild Oryza meyeriana L. to Oryza sativa L. ssp.


id: njb-115
author: Maharjan, Bidhya; Karki, Shovana Thapa; Maharjan, Roshani
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7514
sentence: 612
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-115.pdf
txt: txt/njb-115.txt
title:
  Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Pus/Wound Swab from Children Attending International Friendship Children's Hospital

summary:
  57(98.28%) Doxycycline 0(0%) 2(3.44%) 56(96.56%) S. aureus isolates with complete resistance to Vancomycin (MIC≥16µg/ml) are termed as Vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA).


id: njb-203
author: Suwal, Shyam; Marciniak, Alice
title: Technologies for the Extraction, Separation and Purification of polyphenols – A Review
date: 2019-01-15
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9372
sentence: 573
flesch: 51
cache: cache/njb-203.pdf
txt: txt/njb-203.txt
summary:
  ©NJB, Biotechnology Society of Nepal 81 Nepjol.info/index.php/njb on polyphenols extraction but considerable innovations are needed for their industrial and economic feasibility. The irradiation of plant tissues with ultrasound increase the number of extraction solvent exposed to the molecules by breaking down the cell wall, increasing swelling and hydration degree thus improving the diffusion and mass transfer [19].


id: njb-99
author: Bastakoti, Srijana; Belbase, Shiva; Manandhar, Shrinkhala; Arjyal, Charu
title: Trichoderma species as Biocontrol Agent against Soil Borne Fungal Pathogens
date: 2017-12-31
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4403
sentence: 241
flesch: 49
cache: cache/njb-99.pdf
txt: txt/njb-99.txt
summary:
  Keywords: Biocontrol, Trichoderma species, inhibition percentage, soil borne pathogens and dual culture technique *Correspondence Author Email: srijanabastakoti33@gmail.com Introduction Soil borne plant pathogenic fungi cause heavy crop losses all over the world. Biological control of plant diseases, especially those caused by soil borne plant pathogens and nematodes, by microorganisms has been considered a more natural and environmentally acceptable alternative to the existing chemical treatment methods [3].


id: njb-175
author: Kumari, Rinki; Dubey, G.P.
date: 2020-07-31
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10500
sentence: 714
flesch: 62
cache: cache/njb-175.pdf
txt: txt/njb-175.txt
title:
  Standardization of Ayurvedic Drug- Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Hippophae salicifolia, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Reinwardtia indica and Combined Herb-Herb

summary:
  In India, Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia is not progressively sufficient to guarantee the quality and virtue of plant extracts’ use as a herbal drug. R. indica extract is widely used by local communities for different purposes such as for tongue wash, to bring about an increase in - lactation period, a remedy against skin diseases, as an anti-infection agent etc.


id: njb-108
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10753
sentence: 811
flesch: 63
cache: cache/njb-108.pdf
txt: txt/njb-108.txt
author:
  Joshi, Bal Krishna; Ghimire, Krishna Hari; Bista, Prakash Raj; Yadaw, Ram Baran; Shrestha, Ram Krishna; Kharel, Gaurish Krishna; Paneru, Prakash; KC, Ram Bahadur; Bhandari, Deepak

title:
  Intellectual Property Right on Basmati Rice: Current Scenario and Evidences of Origin, Diversity, Cultivation and Use Values of Basmati Rice in Nepal

summary:
  Because of its high market value at global level, many countries and organizations have been attempting to get intellectual property rights (mainly patent and geographical indication tag) on Basmati rice. India applied for GI tag to Basmati rice in the European Union (EU) in July 2018, and Nepal submitted opposition letter along with proofs and evidences of origin, diversity, cultivation and use values of Basmati rice on 9 December 2020.


id: njb-113
author: Shrestha, Dhiraj; Bhattachan, Balkrishna; Parajuli, Hiramani; Shrestha, Sujata
title: Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal
date: 2021-07-31
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14271
sentence: 1068
flesch: 57
cache: cache/njb-113.pdf
txt: txt/njb-113.txt
summary:
  Guan Y, Peiris JSM, Lipatov AS, Ellis TM, Dyrting KC, Krauss S, Zhang LJ, Webster RG, Shortridge KF: Emergence of multiple genotypes of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in Hong Kong SAR. Duan L, Bahl J, Smith GJD, Wang J, Vijaykrishna D, Zhang LJ, Zhang JX, Li KS, Fan XH, Cheung CL: The development and genetic diversity of H5N1 influenza virus in China, 1996–2006. Virology 2008, 380(2):243-254.


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id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=phenotypic+identification+of+candida+albicans+by+growth+on+chocolate+agar


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=isolation+and+identification+of+candida+from+the+oral+cavity+%2cinternational+scholarly+research+notices


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=cendejas-bueno%20e%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20237094


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gomez-lopez%20a%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20237094


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=rodriguez-tudela%20jl%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20237094


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=cuenca-estrella%20m%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=20237094


id: njb-23
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=identification+of+pathogenic+rare+yeast+species+in+clinical+samples%3a+comparison+between+phenotypical+and+molecular+methods%e2%96%bf


id: njb-16
domain: www.slideshare.net
url:
  https://www.slideshare.net/bhimupadhyaya/water-resourcesof-nepal-in-the-context-of-climate-change-2011-by-wecs


id: njb-29
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=chatterjee%20m%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17101681


id: njb-29
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=madhubala%20r%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17101681


id: njb-132
domain: www.intechopen.com
url:
  http://www.intechopen.com/books/theimpact-of-air-pollution-on-health-economy-environment-andagricultural-sources/the-effects-of-air-pollutants-on-vegetation-and-therole-of-vegetation-in-reducing-atmospheric-pollu


id: njb-243
domain: iwaponline.com
url:
  https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/60/2/381/17771/microbial-culture-dynamics-and-chromium-vi-removal


id: njb-243
domain: www.scitechnol.com
url:
  https://www.scitechnol.com/peerreview/bioremediation-of-tannery-wastewater-usingimmobilized-marine-microalga-tetraselmis-sp-experimentalstudies-and-pseudosecond-order-uoxt.php?article_id=3505


id: njb-243
domain: www.scitechnol.com
url:
  https://www.scitechnol.com/peer-review/bioremediation-of-tannery-wastewater-using-immobilized-marine-microalga-tetraselmis-sp-experimental-studies-and-pseudosecond-order-uoxt.php?article_id=3505


id: njb-243
domain: www.omicsonline.org
url:
  https://www.omicsonline.org/bioremediation-ofchromium-from-fortified-solutions-by-phanerochaetechrysosporium-mtcc-787-2155-6199.1000127.php?aid=2103


id: njb-243
domain: www.omicsonline.org
url:
  https://www.omicsonline.org/bioremediation-of-chromium-from-fortified-solutions-by-phanerochaete-chrysosporium-mtcc-787-2155-6199.1000127.php?aid=2103


id: njb-21
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=balamugesh%20t%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15515828


id: njb-77
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=touveneau%20s%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11073019


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=ben%20slama%20k%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27681906


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=zarazaga%20m%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27681906


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=kshetry%20ao%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27446531


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=bhandari%20r%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27446531


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=adhikari%20r%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=28154581


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=igbinosa%20eo%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27669285


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=akporehe%20lu%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27669285


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=bhattacharyya%20d%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26990514


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=banerjee%20j%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26990514


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=bandyopadhyay%20s%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26990514


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=al-amery%20k%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31404199


id: njb-182
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=elhariri%20m%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31404199


id: njb-195
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=shrestha%20b%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=29717284


id: njb-195
domain: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
url:
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=shrestha%20s%5bauthor%5d&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=29717284


id: njb-176
domain: www.scialert.net
url:
  http://www.scialert.net/asci/result.php?searchin=keywords&cat=&ascicat=all&submit=search&keyword=total+antioxidant+capacity


id: njb-180
domain: www.fda.gov
url:
  https://www.fda.gov/food/laboratory-methods-food/bamchapter-1-food-samplingpreparation-sample-homogenate


id: njb-112
domain: www.researchgate.net
url:
  https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3a%2f%2fdx.doi.org%2f10.13040%2fijpsr.0975-8232.9(9).3845-51


id: njb-120
domain: www.semanticscholar.org
url:
  https://www.semanticscholar.org/%20paper/comparative-study-of-two-pear-(pyrus-communis-l.)-hussain/cf1fd30f331397758d764b%20bb7795%2028b11712094b


id: njb-117
domain: kathmandupost.com
url:
  https://kathmandupost.com/money/2020/06/29/g9banana-more-disease-resistant-but-less-marketable-farmers-say


id: njb-115
domain: www.researchgate.net
url:
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/216834367_methicillin_resistant_staphylococcus_aureus_mrsa_in_different_clinical_samples_from_patients_presenting_at_kathmandu_model_hospital


id: njb-99
domain: www.researchgate.net
url:
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305423547_biocontrol_of_soybean_charcoal_root_rot_disease_by_using_trichoderma_spp?ev=auth_pub


id: njb-108
domain: www.researchgate.net
url:
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273144828_onfarm_management_of_agricultural_biodiversity_in_nepal_proc


id: njb-108
domain: www.researchgate.net
url:
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348116250_onfarm_management_of_agricultural_biodiversity_in_nepal


id: njb-113
domain: online.epocrates.com
url:
  https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/45535/avian-influenzaa-h5n1-virus-infection/differential-diagnosis


id: njb-113
domain: www.reuters.com
url:
  https://www.reuters.com/article/us-birdflu-glaxo/eu-licensesfirst-pre-pandemic-bird-flu-vaccine-idusl1644576720080519


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entity:
  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0259-5004 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9233-6489 mailto:niranjan.parajuli@cdc.tu.edu.np nepal j biotechnol


id: njb-53
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type: MONEY
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  thought  to  be  originated  in  indian  subcontinent  with  the  secondary  centre  of  origin  in  


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  http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/nepalcensus/form.php?selection=1 nepal journal of biotechnology


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