item: #1 of 41 id: cord-000549-qwhaesfk author: Hurley, Walter L. title: Perspectives on Immunoglobulins in Colostrum and Milk date: 2011-04-14 words: 11813 flesch: 35 summary: Vaccine Analysis of bovine immunoglobulin G in milk, colostrum and dietary supplements: A review Immune components of bovine colostrum and milk The mucosal immune system and its integration with the mammary glands Immune milk-A historical survey A review of the literature on some aspects of immune milk Bovine milk antibodies for health Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine; a review-Part I: Biotechnological standards, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics and principles of treatment Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine; a review-Part II: Clinical studies Bovine and human-derived passive immunization could help slow a future avian influenza pandemic Vaccines and milk immunoglobulin concentrates for prevention of infectious diarrhea Potential for immunological supplementation of foods Passive protection against diarrhea disease Passive and active protection against disorders of the gut Passive immunity against human pathogens using bovine antibodies Preventing infectious disease with passive immunization Maternal antibodies, childhood infections, and autoimmune diseases Regulation of immunoglobulin transfer into mammary secretions of ruminants Allergenicity of orally administered preparations in food-allergic children Effects of a milk-based bioactive micronutrient beverage on pain symptoms and activity of adults with osteoarthritis: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical evaluation Analytical approach to determination of safety of milk ingredients from hyperimmunized cows Protection against cholera in breast-fed children by antibodies in breast milk Protection of breast-fed infants against Campylobacter diarrhea by antibodies in human milk Vaccines for preventing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in farm animals Immunity to Escherichia coli in pigs: Antibody secretion by the mammary gland after intramammary or intramuscular vaccination with E. coli vaccine The effect of oral immunization on the population of lymphocytes migrating to the mammary gland of the sow Survey of immunoglobulin G content and antibody specificity in cow's milk from British Columbia Prevention of rotavirus infection by cow colostrum containing antibody against human rotavirus Prevention of rotavirus infection by oral administration of cow colostrum containing antihumanrotavirus antibody Use of bovine milk concentrate containing antibody to rotavirus to treat rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants Hyperimmune cow colostrum reduces diarrhoea due to rotavirus: A double-blind, controlled clinical trial Passive immunization of children with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus Treatment of infantile E. coli gastroenteritis with specific bovine anti-E. coli milk immunoglobulins Efficacy of bovine milk immunoglobulin concentrate in preventing illness after Shigella flexneri challenge Hyperimmune bovine colostrum in the treatment of shigellosis in children: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial Protection by milk immunoglobulin concentrate against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Milk immunoglobulin with specific activity against purified colonization factor antigens can protect against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Lack of prophylactic efficacy of an enteric-coated bovine hyperimmune milk product against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge administered during a standard meal Bovine colostrum ameliorates diarrhea in infection with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, and E. coli expressing intimin and hemolysin Antibodies from colostrum in oral immunotherapy Immunization against dental caries Effective immunity to dental caries: Passive transfer to rats of antibodies to Streptococcus mutans elicits protection Concentrated bovine colostral whey proteins from Streptococcus mutans/Strep. The stability of immunoglobulins as they undergo processing in the milk, or undergo digestion in the intestine, is an additional consideration for evaluating the value of milk immunoglobulins. keywords: activity; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; bacteria; binding; birth; bovine; bovine colostrum; bovine igg; bovine immunoglobulin; bovine mammary; bovine milk; breast; calves; calving; cattle; cells; chain; challenge; children; coli; colostral; colostrum; concentrate; concentrations; content; control; cows; dairy; days; development; diarrhea; digestion; disease; effects; enterotoxigenic; epithelial; escherichia; factors; fcrn; feeding; form; function; gastrointestinal; gland; heat; high; human; human milk; iga; igg; igg1; igg2; igm; immune; immune milk; immunity; immunization; immunized; immunoglobulin; immunological; infant; infection; intestinal; lactation; lumen; major; mammary; mammary gland; mastitis; mechanisms; methods; mice; microbial; milk; milk immunoglobulin; milk products; molecule; mother; mucosal; mutans; neonatal; neonate; oral; passive; pathogens; period; pigr; polymeric; preparations; pressure; processing; products; protection; protein; range; receptor; responses; review; role; rotavirus; secretions; secretory; section; serum; siga; species; specific; stability; stool; streptococcus; structure; studies; system; systemic; temperature; tract; transfer; transport; treatment; uptake; use; vaccination; vaccine; whey cache: cord-000549-qwhaesfk.txt plain text: cord-000549-qwhaesfk.txt item: #2 of 41 id: cord-003520-f3jz59pt author: Arabi, Yaseen M. title: Free Fatty Acids’ Level and Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients and Association with Outcomes: A Prospective Sub-Study of PermiT Trial date: 2019-02-13 words: 4292 flesch: 46 summary: The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the clinical and nutritional correlates of high FFAs level in critically ill patients and the association with outcomes, and (2) study the effect of short-term caloric restriction (permissive underfeeding) on FFAs level during critical illness. Of 70 enrolled patients, 23 (32.8%) patients had high FFAs level (baseline FFAs level >0.45 mmol/L in females and >0.6 mmol/L in males). keywords: acids; acute; admissions; analysis; aor; association; baseline; blood; caloric; cholesterol; critical; days; diabetes; differences; effect; elevated; fatty; ffas; ffas level; free; glucose; hdl; high; high ffas; higher; icu; ill; ill patients; illness; insulin; ldl; level; medical; metabolic; mmol; mortality; multivariable; non; normal; outcomes; patients; permissive; propofol; protein; ratio; renal; resistance; restriction; serum; short; significant; standard; stay; study; syndrome; table; therapy; triglycerides; underfeeding cache: cord-003520-f3jz59pt.txt plain text: cord-003520-f3jz59pt.txt item: #3 of 41 id: cord-009326-dvhkk405 author: Lee, Jae Min title: Broussonetia papyrifera Root Bark Extract Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Effects on Adipose Tissue and Improves Insulin Sensitivity Potentially Via AMPK Activation date: 2020-03-14 words: 6468 flesch: 47 summary: A previous study has demonstrated that pro-inflammatory gene expression is elevated in adipose tissue in the early onset of obesity, but in other tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle, there is no differences in the expression of inflammatory gene expressions [3] . Trends Endocrino AMPK: Mechanisms of Cellular Energy Sensing and Restoration of Metabolic Balance Exploiting the anti-inflammatory effects of AMP-activated protein kinase activation AMPK agonist downregulates innate and adaptive immune responses in TNBS-induced murine acute and relapsing colitis Singh, I. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide Ribonucleoside: A Novel Immunomodulator with Therapeutic Efficacy in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis AMPK Agonists Ameliorate Sodium and Fluid Transport and Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells Hematopoietic AMPK β1 reduces mouse adipose tissue macrophage inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity Macrophage alpha1 AMP-activated protein kinase (alpha1AMPK) antagonizes fatty acid-induced inflammation through SIRT1 AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α1 Protects Against Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Obesity Antityrosinase and antioxidant effects of ent-kaurane diterpenes from leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera Antioxidant lignans from the fruits of Broussonetia papyrifera Comparison with various parts of Broussonetia papyrifera as to the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in rodents Inhibition of nitric oxide production on LPS-activated macrophages by kazinol B from Broussonetia kazinoki Kazinol B from Broussonetia kazinoki improves insulin sensitivity via Akt and AMPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Anti-inflammatory flavonoids from root bark of Broussonetia papyrifera in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors Polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera displaying potent alpha-glucosidase inhibition Inflammation, stress, and diabetes Five New Diprenylated Flavonols from the Leaves of Broussonetia kazinoki keywords: 3t3; acc; activation; activities; activity; addition; adipocytes; adipose; adipose tissue; ampk; anti; broussonetia; cells; coa; compound; data; effects; expression; fatty; fed; figure; fractions; genes; glucose; group; hepatic; hfd; induced; inflammation; inflammatory; insulin; isolated; iκb; kazinol; kinase; lipogenic; liquid; liver; macrophage; mice; obese; obesity; papyrifera; phosphorylation; pre; pro; production; protein; resistance; responses; results; signaling; steatosis; tissue; tnf; tpre; transcriptional; treatment; usa; weight cache: cord-009326-dvhkk405.txt plain text: cord-009326-dvhkk405.txt item: #4 of 41 id: cord-013176-6ckuya1w author: Ninfali, Paolino title: Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies date: 2020-08-21 words: 8135 flesch: 29 summary: Front Antiviral Phytochemicals: An Overview Flavonoids: Promising natural compounds against viral infections Antiviral effects of phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Applications and drug delivery strategies Antiviral activity of Disticella elongata (Vahl) Urb. Concerning the combination of flavonoids in an antiviral cocktail, each phytochemical may be used initially at a concentration of about 0.5 g/day with the aim of reaching an intake of 3 g/day of antiviral flavonoids. keywords: able; absorption; active; activities; activity; agents; antioxidant; antiviral; antiviral activity; antiviral drugs; antiviral effects; apigenin; approach; authors; bioavailability; blood; cells; combination; compounds; concentration; day; delivery; dependent; diet; different; dna; domain; drugs; effective; effects; efficacy; egcg; entry; enzyme; extract; factor; figure; flavonoids; food; genome; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; higher; hiv; host; hsv-1; human; immune; increase; infected; infections; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; like; luteolin; mechanisms; membrane; mice; molecular; molecules; nanoparticles; naringenin; natural; new; non; ns3; ns5b; oral; order; phytochemicals; pivotal; plant; polymerase; production; properties; protease; protein; quercetin; range; rbcs; receptor; red; release; replication; reverse; review; rhamnoside; rna; role; site; specific; strategies; structural; studies; subunit; synergistic; synthetic; system; target; terminal; therapeutic; transcriptase; translation; viral infections; virions; virus; viruses; vitexin; vitexin-2; vivo cache: cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt plain text: cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt item: #5 of 41 id: cord-013477-dzm4xi21 author: Filardi, Tiziana title: Curcumin: Could This Compound Be Useful in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Related Complications? date: 2020-10-17 words: 7278 flesch: 30 summary: Systems biology and the recently developed network pharmacology represent new strategies to better comprehend the mechanisms underlying curcumin activities in the human body. The pleiotropic and multi-targeting actions of curcumin have made it very attractive as a health-promoting compound. keywords: able; activation; activities; activity; administration; alcohol; alterations; analysis; antidepressant; antioxidant; apoptosis; authors; benefits; birth; body; brain; cells; complications; compound; curcumin; damage; data; day; development; diabetes; diabetic; dietary; different; diseases; disorders; effects; epigenetic; exposure; expression; factors; fetal; fgr; gdm; genes; gestational; glucose; growth; health; human; il-6; immune; implantation; improved; induced; inflammation; inflammatory; insulin; levels; lipid; liver; low; lps; major; maternal; mechanisms; mellitus; metabolic; mice; model; molecular; mouse; mrna; natural; neurogenesis; neuroprotective; offspring; outcomes; oxidative; pathways; patients; placental; possible; potential; preeclampsia; pregnancy; pregnant; proliferation; protein; pups; randomized; rats; recent; reduced; reduction; related; results; review; role; serum; signaling; significant; stress; studies; study; supplementation; symptoms; treatment; trial; trophoblast; vitro; weeks; weight; women cache: cord-013477-dzm4xi21.txt plain text: cord-013477-dzm4xi21.txt item: #6 of 41 id: cord-252584-pcp1i0vb author: Troesch, Barbara title: Expert Opinion on Benefits of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA and EPA) in Aging and Clinical Nutrition date: 2020-08-24 words: 11716 flesch: 35 summary: New insights on the regulation of cancer cachexia by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Down-regulation of the acute-phase response in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia receiving oral eicosapentaenoic acid is mediated via suppression of interleukin-6 Oral nutritional supplements containing (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids affect the nutritional status of patients with stage iii non-small cell lung cancer during multimodality treatment A systematic review and meta-analysis of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids effects on inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer Fish oil supplement alters markers of inflammatory and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients Fish oil-enriched nutrition combined with systemic chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer patients with cancer cachexia N-3 fatty acids during chemotherapy: Toward a higher level of evidence for clinical application Aberrations in plasma phospholipid fatty acids in lung cancer patients Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, an omega-3 fatty acid from fish oils) for the treatment of cancer cachexia Anorexia-cachexia syndrome: A systematic review of the role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of symptoms, survival, and quality of life A systematic review on the role of fish oil for the treatment of cachexia in advanced cancer: An EPCRC cachexia guidelines project N-3 fatty acids, cancer and cachexia: Left untreated, cachexia can progress in severity and contribute to the negative outcomes experienced by cancer patients, including mortality keywords: acids; acute; adults; age; aging; alzheimer; analysis; anti; ards; benefit; body; brain; cachexia; cancer; cancer patients; care; cell; chain; chemotherapy; clinical; cognitive; conditions; consensus; data; days; decline; decrease; dha; dietary; disease; distress; dose; effect; eicosapentaenoic; enteral; epa; espen; evidence; factors; fatty; fatty acids; fish; frailty; function; group; guidelines; health; immunonutrition; important; increased; individuals; inflammation; inflammatory; intake; intervention; lcpufas; levels; life; likely; lipid; long; loss; low; lung; major; malnutrition; mass; mechanisms; mediators; membrane; meta; mild; mortality; multiple; muscle; n-3; nutrients; nutrition; oil; older; omega-3; omega-3 fatty; ons; optimal; outcomes; parenteral; patients; people; physical; placebo; polyunsaturated; prevention; randomized; recent; reduced; references; related; respiratory; response; review; risk; role; sarcopenia; sepsis; significant; specific; standard; status; strength; studies; study; supplementation; supplements; support; surgery; surgical; syndrome; systematic; treatment; trials; use; weight; years cache: cord-252584-pcp1i0vb.txt plain text: cord-252584-pcp1i0vb.txt item: #7 of 41 id: cord-255233-rvgj6pvk author: Munday, Molly-Rose title: A Pilot Study Examining Vitamin C Levels in Periodontal Patients date: 2020-07-28 words: 3897 flesch: 48 summary: Although a small study, this rate of vitamin C deficiency in the periodontal clinic is clinically important and correlations with disease severity and CRP suggests biological importance. Vitamin C deficiency is more common in smokers, the elderly and people of lower socio-economic status, potentially putting those groups at increased risk of periodontal diseases [24, 25] . keywords: analysis; australian; bleeding; blood; bone; clinic; consent; crp; current; data; deficiency; dental; dietary; disease; elevated; figure; gingival; grade; healing; health; inflammation; intake; levels; loss; low; median; normal; oral; patients; people; periodontal; periodontitis; population; prevalence; range; rate; results; scurvy; serum; ses; stage; status; studies; study; tooth; treatment; vitamin; vitamin c; µmol; μmol cache: cord-255233-rvgj6pvk.txt plain text: cord-255233-rvgj6pvk.txt item: #8 of 41 id: cord-260413-elyn2fdh author: Żółkiewicz, Jakub title: Postbiotics—A Step Beyond Pre- and Probiotics date: 2020-07-23 words: 8247 flesch: 26 summary: key: cord-260413-elyn2fdh authors: Żółkiewicz, Jakub; Marzec, Aleksandra; Ruszczyński, Marek; Feleszko, Wojciech title: Postbiotics—A Step Beyond Pre- and Probiotics date: 2020-07-23 journal: Nutrients DOI: 10.3390/nu12082189 sha: doc_id: 260413 cord_uid: elyn2fdh As an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota can lead to the development of several diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes, cancer, among others), the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to alter the gut microbiome has attracted recent interest. Postbiotics include any substance released by or produced through the metabolic activity of the microorganism, which exerts a beneficial effect on the host, directly or indirectly. keywords: acetate; acid; activity; addition; analysis; anti; antioxidant; asthma; atopic; bacterial; barrier; beneficial; bls; body; bowel; butyrate; cancer; catalase; cell; children; cholesterol; clinical; composition; cultures; data; development; diet; diseases; effects; environment; epss; example; expression; factors; fatty; fermented; figure; folate; food; free; functional; gut; health; host; human; immune; important; increase; induced; infections; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibits; intestinal; lactobacillus; life; like; lta; lymphocytes; macrophages; mechanisms; metabolic; metabolites; mice; microbiota; microorganisms; milk; model; mouse; positive; postbiotics; potential; probiotics; production; properties; propionate; randomized; regulatory; respiratory; responses; results; review; rhamnosus; role; safety; scfa; secretion; serum; significant; strains; structure; study; substances; supernatants; synbiotics; system; systematic; th1; th2; therapeutic; thermophilus; tnf; tract; use; vitamin; vitro; vivo cache: cord-260413-elyn2fdh.txt plain text: cord-260413-elyn2fdh.txt item: #9 of 41 id: cord-264405-8v0o4krh author: Gosliner, Wendi title: Participants’ Experiences of the 2018–2019 Government Shutdown and Subsequent Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefit Disruption Can Inform Future Policy date: 2020-06-23 words: 9044 flesch: 58 summary: More than 67% of SNAP participants are families with children, almost 34% live in households with members who are elderly or have disabilities, and more than 43% of SNAP participants are in working families Initial questions aimed to capture the baseline (prior to the government shutdown) food security, health, and wellbeing of this convenience sample of SNAP participants. keywords: able; access; additional; adequate; agency; assistance; benefit; better; calfresh; california; challenges; changes; children; communications; costs; counties; county; different; disruption; ebt; eligibility; experiences; extra; families; family; february; federal; findings; focus; food; future; government; groups; health; help; high; income; january; levels; like; living; low; march; money; month; multiple; needs; negative; nutrition; participants; people; poverty; program; public; relief; research; rural; security; service; shutdown; snap; snap benefits; snap participants; social; stamps; stress; study; stuff; supplemental; support; time; uncertainty; usual; way; ways; work cache: cord-264405-8v0o4krh.txt plain text: cord-264405-8v0o4krh.txt item: #10 of 41 id: cord-265332-a6qr8yoo author: Delgado-Alarcón, Jessica M. title: Effect of the Fat Eaten at Breakfast on Lipid Metabolism: A Crossover Trial in Women with Cardiovascular Risk date: 2020-06-06 words: 6500 flesch: 45 summary: A longitudinal, crossover trial was designed to evaluate the effect of three types of fats eaten at breakfast on plasma lipoproteins, lipoprotein subfractions, and apoproteins. Although the effect of fat on plasma lipoproteins has been studied in depth, the data regarding the effect of the modification of the type of fat ingested at breakfast on the lipoprotein subclasses is quite scarce. keywords: acids; analysis; apolipoprotein; available; baseline; breakfast; cardiovascular; cholesterol; clinical; composition; cvd; daily; data; day; decrease; density; dietary; differences; different; disease; effect; fat; fatty; figure; final; group; hdl; high; idl; increase; information; intake; intervention; ldl; levels; lipid; lipoprotein; low; mufa; participants; patients; plasma; present; previous; profile; pufa; reduction; rich; rich breakfast; risk; sfa; significant; size; small; studies; study; subfractions; subjects; table; total; treatment; trial; type; values; vldl; volunteers; women cache: cord-265332-a6qr8yoo.txt plain text: cord-265332-a6qr8yoo.txt item: #11 of 41 id: cord-271968-92p8dmha author: Polzonetti, Valeria title: Dietary Intake of Vitamin D from Dairy Products Reduces the Risk of Osteoporosis date: 2020-06-10 words: 7015 flesch: 34 summary: Because of its widespread distribution, Vitamin D is not considered just a calcaemic hormone, and lack of vitamin D is actually associated with several other diseases [22] , such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes (both type 1 and 2), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndromes, and different kinds of cancer [21] . Vitamin D, as calcitriol, influences calcium absorption in the intestine, and lack of vitamin D is associated with a reduced absorption of dietary calcium keywords: 25(oh)d; adults; age; americans; analysis; bmd; bone; calcium; canada; cancer; cheese; children; clinical; colon; concentrations; consumers; consumption; content; countries; dairy; day; decrease; deficiency; density; determined; dietary; different; disease; donkey; dose; effect; elderly; exposure; food; fortification; fortified; fracture; health; higher; hip; hormone; human; important; incidence; increase; intake; lack; levels; low; lower; meta; milk; mineral; natural; nmol; nutritional; older; osteoporosis; patients; postmenopausal; prevention; products; reduced; results; review; risk; role; serum; status; studies; study; supplementation; threshold; total; trials; united; vitamin; vitamin d; white; women; years cache: cord-271968-92p8dmha.txt plain text: cord-271968-92p8dmha.txt item: #12 of 41 id: cord-272303-6s0qr4e6 author: Kriaucioniene, Vilma title: Associations between Changes in Health Behaviours and Body Weight during the COVID-19 Quarantine in Lithuania: The Lithuanian COVIDiet Study date: 2020-10-13 words: 3179 flesch: 52 summary: The self-administered questionnaire included health behaviour and weight change data. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the quarantine on dietary, physical activity and alcohol consumption habits of Lithuanians and the association between health behaviours and weight changes. keywords: activity; age; alcohol; bmi; carbonated; changes; consumption; covid-19; data; diet; drinks; eating; education; fast; food; fried; gain; habits; health; higher; intake; meat; negative; nutrition; obesity; odds; online; participants; pastries; people; physical; quarantine; respondents; self; snacking; studies; study; sugary; survey; table; usual; weight cache: cord-272303-6s0qr4e6.txt plain text: cord-272303-6s0qr4e6.txt item: #13 of 41 id: cord-274548-yeucn13x author: Altobelli, Emma title: Lifestyle Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and National Diabetes Care Systems in European Countries date: 2020-09-13 words: 3819 flesch: 50 summary: The aim of this work is to highlight within EU-28 countries the distribution percentages of some lifestyle risk factors and some components of diabetes health care. For diabetes mellitus, this means a combination of programs The first quadrant includes the following countries and variables-Finland, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, each showing a mortality rate below 25.0, diabetes <6%, stable mortality trend, and with diabetes care entrusted to general practitioners. keywords: analysis; bulgaria; care; chronic; control; countries; country; czech; data; diabetes; estonia; eu-28; european; expenditure; factors; france; general; health; hungary; inactivity; italy; latvia; malta; mellitus; mortality; national; national diabetes; ndp; obesity; overweight; percentage; physical; plan; presence; prevalence; prevention; rate; registries; republic; results; risk; spain; systems; total; trend; type; values cache: cord-274548-yeucn13x.txt plain text: cord-274548-yeucn13x.txt item: #14 of 41 id: cord-279649-wllc0gl5 author: Kent, Katherine title: Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Predictors of Food Insecurity in Australia during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-02 words: 6924 flesch: 38 summary: An affirmative response to this question would indicate household food insecurity with other scales, including the single-item measure of food insecurity which is commonly used in Australian studies of food insecurity [9] . Food insecurity has worsened within economically vulnerable populations under COVID-19 conditions, with a loss of income in already low-income households putting individuals at even higher risk of food insecurity. keywords: aboriginal; access; australia; comparison; covid-19; covid-19 pandemic; days; demographic; dependents; disability; economic; education; employment; factors; financial; fold; food; food insecurity; government; group; health; higher; household; income; increase; insecure; insecurity; islander; item; loss; low; low food; lower; married; meals; north; odds; pandemic; population; prevalence; proportion; questions; residents; respondents; responses; results; risk; rural; single; social; socio; status; strait; studies; study; support; survey; table; tasmanian; temporary; torres; variables; west; years cache: cord-279649-wllc0gl5.txt plain text: cord-279649-wllc0gl5.txt item: #15 of 41 id: cord-279960-1phc0wds author: Zhao, Ai title: Dietary Diversity among Chinese Residents during the COVID-19 Outbreak and Its Associated Factors date: 2020-06-06 words: 5975 flesch: 48 summary: Those alterations in activities and behaviors during a pandemic period collectively influence and potentially impair food diversity. China has been experiencing a rapid growth of online food ordering and delivery services in recent years. keywords: access; alcohol; analysis; approaches; areas; associated; behaviors; cases; china; chinese; cluster; consumption; coronavirus; covid-19; delivery; dietary; dietary diversity; disease; distribution; diversity; fish; food; grocery; groups; hdds; health; high; higher; home; house; household; hubei; intake; isolation; low; march; method; miscellaneous; online; ordering; outbreak; outside; pandemic; participants; people; person; province; purchasing; questionnaire; questions; residents; score; self; services; shopping; sources; storage; study; supplements; survey; time; total cache: cord-279960-1phc0wds.txt plain text: cord-279960-1phc0wds.txt item: #16 of 41 id: cord-284064-w9qvsgh0 author: Chriqui, Jamie F. title: Changes in Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) Practices at Participating Childcare and Education Centers in the United States Following Updated National Standards, 2017–2019 date: 2020-09-15 words: 6503 flesch: 48 summary: While these challenges are consistent with reported challenges that ECE centers face with CACFP generally [7, 8, 21] , it is possible that, at the time of the baseline survey (which occurred immediately prior to the implementation effective date), centers did not yet have a sense of the resources that would be required for implementation. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the short-term (15-19 months post the effective date) progress made in implementing the updated CACFP standards by ECE centers nationwide and to identify opportunities for continued progress going forward. keywords: additional; adult; baseline; best; beverage; cacfp; cacfp standards; care; centers; cereals; challenges; changes; child; childcare; children; compliance; decline; early; ece; familiarity; follow; food; head; implementation; increase; mail; meal; meeting; milk; models; non; nutrition; participation; pattern; percent; practices; prevalence; program; progress; providers; question; rate; reporting; responders; response; serving; significant; staff; standards; start; states; study; sugary; survey; table; time; weights; year cache: cord-284064-w9qvsgh0.txt plain text: cord-284064-w9qvsgh0.txt item: #17 of 41 id: cord-287076-uxuff57y author: Wolfson, Julia A. title: Food Insecurity and COVID-19: Disparities in Early Effects for US Adults date: 2020-06-02 words: 4467 flesch: 49 summary: Household Food Security in the United States ERR-270 Social determinants of health inequalities Food Insecurity And Health Outcomes No food for thought: Food insecurity is related to poor mental health and lower academic performance among students in California's public university system Food Insecurity: A Key Social Determinant of Health for Older Adults Food Insecurity and Body Mass Index: A Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study Food insecurity is inversely associated with diet quality of lower-income adults Trends in food insecurity for adults with cardiometabolic disease in the United States Food insecurity and emotional health in the USA: A systematic narrative review of longitudinal research Kaiser Family Foundation. Strikingly, 41.3% of adults with very low food security reported not having enough food to feed themselves or their family compared to 10.7% of adults with low food security, 3.1% of adults with marginal food security and 1.6% of adults with high food security. keywords: able; access; adults; basic; challenges; coronavirus; covid-19; data; days; disparities; distancing; economic; effects; family; food; food security; fpl; health; high; home; household; income; individuals; insecure; likely; low; march; marginal; measures; needs; overall; pandemic; participants; report; response; results; risk; sample; security; social; status; study; support; survey; term; time; united; work cache: cord-287076-uxuff57y.txt plain text: cord-287076-uxuff57y.txt item: #18 of 41 id: cord-288543-iv715216 author: Sun, Qian title: Selenium and Copper as Biomarkers for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis date: 2020-06-25 words: 4755 flesch: 37 summary: key: cord-288543-iv715216 authors: Sun, Qian; Hackler, Julian; Hilger, Julia; Gluschke, Hans; Muric, Aldina; Simmons, Szandor; Schomburg, Lutz; Siegert, Elise title: Selenium and Copper as Biomarkers for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis date: 2020-06-25 journal: Nutrients DOI: 10.3390/nu12061894 sha: doc_id: 288543 cord_uid: iv715216 Circulating selenoprotein P (SELENOP) constitutes an established biomarker of Se status. All three biomarkers of Se status were particularly low in patients with skin involvement. keywords: activity; analysis; arterial; biomarkers; cancer; comparison; concentrations; controls; data; deficiency; deficit; development; diagnosis; differences; different; disease; elevated; figure; glutathione; gpx3; groups; hypertension; hypoxia; inflammation; inflammatory; involvement; levels; low; ntprobnp; pah; patients; peroxidase; potential; pulmonary; range; reduced; relation; risk; samples; sclerosis; se status; selenium; selenop; selenoprotein; serum; severe; severity; significant; skin; specific; ssc; ssc patients; status; study; systemic; test; total; values cache: cord-288543-iv715216.txt plain text: cord-288543-iv715216.txt item: #19 of 41 id: cord-293311-dr2ysrwe author: Chew, Justin title: Nutrition Mediates the Relationship between Osteosarcopenia and Frailty: A Pathway Analysis date: 2020-09-27 words: 3921 flesch: 37 summary: While both conditions appear to be distinct, the coexistence of the two conditions, known as osteosarcopenia, may identify a subpopulation of older individuals at greater risk of adverse health outcomes compared to either condition alone. A 4-year observation of the second and third ROAD study surveys Severe osteopenia and osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and frailty status in community-dwelling older women: Results from the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) II Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Increase Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly Malnutrition in the elderly and its effects on bone health-A review Dietary strategies for mitigating osteosarcopenia in older adults: A narrative review Influence of Obesity on Diagnostic Accuracy and Optimal Cutoffs for Sarcopenia Screening in Non-Frail Older Adults: A Comparison of SARC-F versus SARC-CalF A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans Diagnostic performance of two mental status tests in the older Chinese: Influence of education and age on cut-off values Functional Evaluation: The Barthel Index Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis: Synopsis of a WHO report Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment Letter to the editor: Normative data of handgrip strength in 26344 older adults-A pooled dataset from eight cohorts in Asia Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype Serum Myostatin and IGF-1 as Gender-Specific Biomarkers of Frailty and Low Muscle Mass in Community-Dwelling Older Adults The Frenchay Activities Index. keywords: adults; age; analysis; assessment; association; bone; cohort; community; criteria; differences; dwelling; effect; falls; fractures; frailty; gender; groups; health; independent; index; individuals; low; mac; malnutrition; mass; mna; muscle; normal; nutrition; older; osteoporosis; osteosarcopenia; participants; physical; relationship; relative; risk; role; sarcopenic; score; significant; status; study; table; total; years cache: cord-293311-dr2ysrwe.txt plain text: cord-293311-dr2ysrwe.txt item: #20 of 41 id: cord-296836-aizquh16 author: Brenner, Hermann title: Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency and Mortality from Respiratory Diseases in a Cohort of Older Adults: Potential for Limiting the Death Toll during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic? date: 2020-08-18 words: 4449 flesch: 34 summary: It has been suggested that vitamin D(3) supplementation might help to reduce respiratory disease mortality. Overall, 41% (95% confidence interval: 20–58%) of respiratory disease mortality was statistically attributable to vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. keywords: 25(oh)d; acute; adults; age; analysis; associated; baseline; cancer; cause; characteristics; cohort; cov-2; covid-19; data; deaths; deficiency; disease; esther; general; germany; health; hydroxyvitamin; infections; insufficiency; large; levels; low; meta; model; mortality; nmol; pandemic; participants; population; potential; prevalence; rcts; respiratory; respiratory disease; results; risk; sars; sex; significant; status; study; subjects; sufficient; supplementation; table; vitamin; vitamin d; women; years cache: cord-296836-aizquh16.txt plain text: cord-296836-aizquh16.txt item: #21 of 41 id: cord-298931-n1se3ajb author: Stańdo, Mirella title: Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids EPA and DHA as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Treatment of Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-08-27 words: 5776 flesch: 41 summary: The influence of vitamin D supplementation on local and systemic inflammatory markers in periodontitis patients: A pilot study Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy Reduces Saliva Adipokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Periodontitis Impact of non-surgical periodontal treatment on salivary expression of cytokines related to bone metabolism Interleukin-32 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis after periodontal treatment Comparative evaluation of cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis The Effect of Scaling and Root Planning on Salivary TNF-α and IL-1α Concentrations in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic fluid was previously used for determining the inflammatory status of periodontal patients with good results [31, 32] . keywords: acids; age; anti; aspirin; baseline; bone; bop; cells; changes; chemokines; chronic; clinical; comparison; concentrations; control; control group; criteria; cytokines; daily; dha; dietary; differences; disease; dose; effect; epa; factors; fatty; fish; following; group; growth; healing; higher; host; human; ifn; il-10; improvement; increase; inflammation; inflammatory; intake; levels; loss; mean; months; non; oil; omega-3; oral; parameters; patients; periodontal; periodontitis; pufa; reduction; response; result; salivary; samples; significant; srp; stage; studies; study; supplementation; surgical; table; test; test group; therapy; treatment cache: cord-298931-n1se3ajb.txt plain text: cord-298931-n1se3ajb.txt item: #22 of 41 id: cord-299731-sis9952k author: Mehmel, Mario title: Nicotinamide Riboside—The Current State of Research and Therapeutic Uses date: 2020-05-31 words: 10125 flesch: 33 summary: Here, we summarize currently available data on NR effects on metabolism, and several neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, through to its application as a treatment for specific pathophysiological conditions. In this regard, we have summarized the available data from human and animal studies on NR effects on metabolic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders, along with the advantages of NR over other available NAD + precursors. keywords: acid; activation; activity; addition; adenine; adp; aging; alzheimer; available; axonal; beneficial; bioavailability; biosynthesis; blood; brain; cardiac; cardiovascular; cd38; cells; clinical; conditions; content; coronavirus; damage; day; decrease; degeneration; dependent; depletion; derivatives; development; dinucleotide; disease; disorders; dna; dose; effective; effects; enzymes; evidence; expression; failure; fatty; form; function; health; heart; high; homeostasis; human; hypertrophy; immune; increase; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibition; injury; insulin; intermediates; levels; life; lifespan; liver; longevity; lung; mammalian; mechanism; metabolism; mice; mitochondrial; models; mononucleotide; mouse; muscle; muscular; naad; nad; nampt; neurodegenerative; new; niacin; nicotinamide; nicotinamide riboside; nicotinic; nmn; nmrk2; novel; nrh; nuclear; numerous; observed; oral; oxidative; parps; pathway; patients; potential; precursors; protects; protein; remodeling; repair; research; resistance; response; ribose; riboside; role; safety; salvage; sars; sir2; sirt1; sirtuins; skeletal; specific; state; stem; stress; studies; study; supplementation; syndrome; synthesis; therapeutic; tissue; treatment cache: cord-299731-sis9952k.txt plain text: cord-299731-sis9952k.txt item: #23 of 41 id: cord-303053-238eegeu author: Pellegrini, Marianna title: Changes in Weight and Nutritional Habits in Adults with Obesity during the “Lockdown” Period Caused by the COVID-19 Virus Emergency date: 2020-07-07 words: 3302 flesch: 46 summary: In this observational retrospective study, the patients of our Obesity Unit were invited to answer to a 12-question multiple-choice questionnaire relative to weight changes, working activity, exercise, dietary habits, and conditions potentially impacting on nutritional choices. Indeed, our results were consistent; our sample size (n = 150) achieved a 91% power with a significance level (alpha) of 0.05 to evaluate the associations with weight changes. keywords: anxiety; associated; bmi; changes; choices; consumption; covid-19; data; depression; dietary; eating; education; effects; exercise; food; gain; habits; home; individuals; italy; level; lifestyle; lockdown; loss; lower; mental; model; month; multiple; nutritional; obesity; pandemic; patients; period; quarantine; questionnaire; risk; self; snacks; study; sweets; test; time; unhealthy; unit; weight; weight gain cache: cord-303053-238eegeu.txt plain text: cord-303053-238eegeu.txt item: #24 of 41 id: cord-311965-3x3tjzhi author: Alexander, Jan title: Early Nutritional Interventions with Zinc, Selenium and Vitamin D for Raising Anti-Viral Resistance Against Progressive COVID-19 date: 2020-08-07 words: 5169 flesch: 31 summary: The role of vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality Editorial: Low population mortality from COVID-19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity Prior diagnoses and medications as risk factors for COVID-19 in a Los Angeles Health System Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 are associated with greater disease severity Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients Vitamin D and respiratory health Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for infection, sepsis and mortality in the critically ill: Systematic review and meta-analysis Link between community-acquired pneumonia and vitamin D levels in older patients Addition of vitamin D status to prognostic scores improves the prediction of outcome in community-acquired pneumonia Vitamin D Status and Long-Term Mortality in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Secondary Data Analysis from a Prospective Cohort Association between prehospital vitamin D status and incident acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study Vitamin D increases the antiviral activity of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro Vitamin D represses rhinovirus replication in cystic fibrosis cells by inducing LL-37 Effects of vitamin D on airway epithelial cell morphology and rhinovirus replication Vitamin D decreases respiratory syncytial virus induction of NF-kappaB-linked chemokines and cytokines in airway epithelium while maintaining the antiviral state Relationship to Duration of Infection Vitamin D inhibition of pro-fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor beta1 in lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells The role of vitamin D supplementation in the risk of developing pneumonia: Epidemiological studies suggested an inverse association between circulating levels of 25(OH)-D3, a biomarker of vitamin D status, and inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP and IL-6 keywords: acute; adequate; adults; age; analysis; anti; antiviral; care; case; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; day; deficiencies; deficiency; disease; early; effect; elderly; essential; factor; failure; function; glutathione; health; heart; high; host; ill; immune; immunity; infections; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; intake; levels; long; low; lung; micronutrient; mortality; non; novel; nutritional; patients; plasma; pneumonia; preventive; reduced; related; replication; resistance; respiratory; response; review; risk; rna; role; sars; selenium; selenoproteins; severe; status; studies; study; subjects; supplementation; syndrome; system; term; treatment; viral; vitamin; vitamin d; zinc cache: cord-311965-3x3tjzhi.txt plain text: cord-311965-3x3tjzhi.txt item: #25 of 41 id: cord-316395-o9nblj5i author: Pizzini, Alex title: Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on COVID-19—A Prospective Analysis from the CovILD Registry date: 2020-09-11 words: 3444 flesch: 33 summary: VITD deficiency is frequent among COVID-19 patients but not associated with disease outcomes. Herein, we report results of the ongoing prospective multicenter observational CovILD study (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04416100), aiming to evaluate the persistent cardio-pulmonary damage of COVID-19 patients. keywords: 25(oh)d; acute; analysis; care; cases; clinical; cohort; concentrations; confirmed; course; cov-2; covid-19; data; deficiency; disease; groups; hospitalization; icu; infection; invasive; laboratory; levels; lung; metabolism; mild; moderate; nmol; non; onset; oxygen; parathyroid; patients; persistent; prospective; pth; respiratory; results; risk; sars; serum; severe; severity; significance; status; study; supplementation; supply; test; treatment; ventilation; vitamin; vitd cache: cord-316395-o9nblj5i.txt plain text: cord-316395-o9nblj5i.txt item: #26 of 41 id: cord-323151-1rczh3hu author: Calder, Philip C. title: Reply to “Overstated Claims of Efficacy and Safety. Comment On: Optimal Nutritional Status for a Well-Functioning Immune System Is an Important Factor to Protect against Viral Infections. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1181” date: 2020-09-03 words: 1032 flesch: 44 summary: [4] were that there was a significant reduction in the risk of pneumonia with vitamin C supplementation, particularly in individuals with low dietary intakes and that in older patients, disease severity and risk of death were reduced with supplementation, particularly in the case where initial plasma levels of vitamin C were low. In relation to the systematic review on vitamin C and the common cold [5] we stated that vitamin C supplementation has also been shown to decrease the duration and severity of upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, and significantly decrease the risk of infection when given prophylactically in people under enhanced physical stress. keywords: acids; colds; common; fatty; immune; important; low; n-3; respiratory; review; risk; safety; supplementation; systematic; trials; vitamin cache: cord-323151-1rczh3hu.txt plain text: cord-323151-1rczh3hu.txt item: #27 of 41 id: cord-325436-pp3q022y author: Alkhatib, Ahmad title: Antiviral Functional Foods and Exercise Lifestyle Prevention of Coronavirus date: 2020-08-28 words: 7492 flesch: 27 summary: [7] . Increased intake is recommended in high-risk individuals Protein rich foods (e.g., red meat, chicken, seafood) Amino acids and peptides: Anserine, carnosine, taurine, creatine, and 4-hydroxyproline, vitamins, iron, copper Dietary intake of anserine and carnosine promote immunological defence against infections by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (and coronavirus) through enhanced immune cell functions of monocytes and macrophages Adequate dietary intake, and supplementation of such functional foods, contribute to maintaining optimal levels in the human body, which enhances several aspects of the immune system [7, 45] , and provides an important antiviral prevention of COVID-19 keywords: 3,4; acid; activity; acute; adults; amino; anserine; antioxidative; antiviral; approaches; benefits; blood; body; caffeine; capacity; cardiovascular; cells; chronic; coffee; compounds; control; coronavirus; covid-19; defence; diabetes; dietary; disease; dose; effects; enhanced; evidence; exercise; factor; fatty; fermented; fish; foods; functional; functional foods; fungi; health; herbs; high; higher; human; hydroxytyrosol; immune; immune system; immunity; immunological; important; increase; individuals; infected; infections; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; intake; leaves; levels; lifestyle; long; lung; mechanisms; medicine; mediterranean; metabolic; moderate; natural; ncds; nutraceuticals; nutrition; obesity; oil; older; oleuropein; olive; oxidative; peptides; physical; plant; prevention; production; products; properties; protective; protein; quarantine; recent; reduced; respiratory; response; review; risk; role; roots; sedentary; sleep; stress; study; supplementation; system; terms; tract; traditional; upper; viral; viral infections; virus; viruses; vitamin; vitamin d cache: cord-325436-pp3q022y.txt plain text: cord-325436-pp3q022y.txt item: #28 of 41 id: cord-325454-svc2xeh1 author: Kow, Chia Siang title: Vitamin D Supplementation in Influenza and COVID-19 Infections Comment on: “Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths” Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 988 date: 2020-06-01 words: 797 flesch: 25 summary: Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and covid-19 infections and deaths Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on respiratory tract infections in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: Systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data Monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation does not increase kidney stone risk or serum calcium: Results from a randomized controlled trial Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on volumetric bone density and bone strength: a randomized clinical trial We read with interest the review article entitled Evidence that Vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of Influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths by Grant et al., recently published in Nutrients keywords: covid-19; dose; evidence; high; infections; influenza; risk; supplementation; vitamin cache: cord-325454-svc2xeh1.txt plain text: cord-325454-svc2xeh1.txt item: #29 of 41 id: cord-327045-hn8pmcto author: Li, Yao title: Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity date: 2016-03-15 words: 5377 flesch: 35 summary: In the Suihua area of northern China, quercetin intake was reported to be 4.37 mg/day, where the main food sources of flavonol was apples (7.4%), Quercetin (C15H10O7) is an aglycone, lacking an attached sugar. In the Suihua area of northern China, quercetin intake was reported to be 4.37 mg/day, where the main food sources of flavonol was apples (7.4%), followed by potatoes (3.9%), lettuce (3.8%) and oranges (3.8%) keywords: absorption; acid; action; activity; aglycone; animals; anti; antioxidant; apples; attached; berries; bioavailability; blood; cells; concentration; cord; day; derivatives; dietary; different; effect; enzymes; exercise; experimental; expression; flavonoid; flavonols; food; form; fruits; function; glycoside; glycosyl; group; health; human; immune; immunity; induced; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; inhibition; injury; intake; intestine; kinase; levels; liver; main; major; mast; metabolism; metabolites; mice; mitochondrial; onions; oxidative; performance; placebo; plant; plasma; production; properties; protein; quercetin; rats; results; small; sources; studies; study; subjects; sugar; supplementation; tea; tomatoes; type; vegetables; vivo; water; weeks cache: cord-327045-hn8pmcto.txt plain text: cord-327045-hn8pmcto.txt item: #30 of 41 id: cord-328562-g5i838b3 author: Niles, Meredith T. title: The Early Food Insecurity Impacts of COVID-19 date: 2020-07-15 words: 5003 flesch: 40 summary: [CrossRef] 2. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Household Food Security in the United States Incremental health care costs associated with food insecurity and chronic conditions among older adults Food Insecurity and Health Care Expenditures in the United States Food insecurity and health outcomes Food insecurity status and mortality among adults in Ontario Association between household food insecurity and annual health care costs Food insecurity, healthcare utilization, and high cost: A longitudinal cohort study Prevalence of US Food Insecurity Is Related to Changes in Unemployment, Inflation, and the Price of Food Unemployment and household food hardship in the economic recession United States Department of Labor. Screening for food insecurity and providing resources now may reduce short-and long-term consequences, including the potential long-term impacts on child health outcomes associated with the duration of household food insecurity [35] and higher health care expenditures associated with food insecurity [9] . keywords: access; assistance; challenges; comparison; covid-19; differences; eating; economic; figure; food; food access; food assistance; food insecure; food security; groups; health; help; helpful; higher; household food; households; impacts; income; increase; insecure; insecure households; insecurity; likely; loss; low; march; odds; pantries; physical; potential; programs; respondents; situations; states; strategies; survey; table; united; vermont cache: cord-328562-g5i838b3.txt plain text: cord-328562-g5i838b3.txt item: #31 of 41 id: cord-332118-jg80szw7 author: Sánchez-Sánchez, Eduardo title: Eating Habits and Physical Activity of the Spanish Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period date: 2020-09-15 words: 4371 flesch: 49 summary: COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) pandemic: Physical exercise and behavior-based approach Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey Positive and negative changes in food habits, physical activity patterns, and weight status during COVID-19 confinement: Associated factors in the chilean population We appreciate all the people that has collaborated in this project through their participation and the dissemination of the questionnaire. The increase in the number of sessions offset the time reduction, as the suggested objective for people who remained at home due to COVID-19 confinement could be achieved (150 min per week) keywords: activity; adherence; changes; confinement; consumption; cooking; covid-19; data; diet; dietary; differences; exercise; food; habits; higher; increase; items; level; low; mediterranean; number; obese; obesity; overweight; percentage; period; physical; physical activity; population; prevalent; questionnaire; results; risk; sample; significant; spanish; study; subjects; time; variables; week; weight; women cache: cord-332118-jg80szw7.txt plain text: cord-332118-jg80szw7.txt item: #32 of 41 id: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2 author: Grant, William B. title: Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths date: 2020-04-02 words: 8053 flesch: 35 summary: Pathophysiology and epidemiology The role of season in the epidemiology of influenza Epidemic influenza and vitamin D On the epidemiology of influenza Temporal relationship between vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone in the United States Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature Absolute humidity modulates influenza survival, transmission, and seasonality Absolute humidity and the seasonal onset of influenza in the continental United States Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren Preventive Effects of Vitamin D on Seasonal Influenza A in Infants: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open, Controlled Clinical Trial Effects of vitamin D supplements on influenza A illness during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Seasonal Influenza and Upper Respiratory Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Effect of Vitamin D supplementation to reduce respiratory infections in children and adolescents in Vietnam: A randomized controlled trial. Vitamin D supplementation is required for many individuals to reach 25(OH)D concentrations above 30 ng/mL, especially in winter keywords: 25(oh)d; acute; adults; age; analysis; artis; association; baseline; calcitriol; calcium; cancer; case; cells; cfr; china; chronic; clinical; community; concentrations; coronavirus; correlation; covid-19; cytokines; death; deficiency; dengue; diabetes; disease; doses; effects; epidemic; evidence; fatality; findings; health; higher; hospital; human; hydroxyvitamin; il-6; immune; immunity; incidence; increases; infection; inflammatory; influenza; inverse; levels; lower; lung; mean; mechanisms; meta; mortality; observational; pandemic; participants; patients; people; pneumonia; population; prevention; production; randomized; rates; rcts; recent; respiratory; response; review; risk; role; rsv; sars; seasonal; serum; status; studies; study; supplementation; syndrome; system; table; tract; trial; type; uvb; viral; virus; vitamin; vitamin d; winter; years cache: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2.txt plain text: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2.txt item: #33 of 41 id: cord-333286-lr32e0w4 author: Lehtoranta, Liisa title: Role of Probiotics in Stimulating the Immune System in Viral Respiratory Tract Infections: A Narrative Review date: 2020-10-16 words: 6772 flesch: 29 summary: The influence of the microbiome on respiratory health Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections Respiratory virus infections Emerging respiratory viruses other than influenza SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Epidemiology of viral respiratory infections Epidemiologic, clinical, and virologic characteristics of human rhinovirus infection among otherwise healthy children and adults: Rhinovirus among adults and children Pathogenesis of rhinovirus infection Nasal microbiota clusters associate with inflammatory response, viral load, and symptom severity in experimental rhinovirus challenge Mechanisms of viral mutation Viral manipulation of the host immune response Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans Epithelial cells and airway diseases The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: Balancing virus clearance and immunopathology The morphology of virus particles. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Knowledge for pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the effect of probiotics on respiratory virus infections, immune response, and the course of upper and lower respiratory tract illness. keywords: ability; action; activation; acute; adults; analyses; antiviral; bacteria; cells; children; clinical; common; control; cytokines; data; days; duration; effective; effects; efficacy; epithelial; evidence; expression; function; gasseri; gene; gut; health; host; human; ifn; il-10; immune; immunity; induced; infected; infection; inflammatory; influenza; innate; intestinal; lactis; lactobacillus; lower; lung; macrophages; meta; mice; microbiota; modulate; modulation; mucosal; outcomes; placebo; poly; probiotics; receptors; replication; respiratory; respiratory viruses; response; review; rhamnosus; rhinovirus; role; rsv; rtis; similar; specific; spp; stimulation; strains; studies; study; supplementation; system; tlr3; tract; trials; type; upper; urti; viral; virus; viruses; vitro cache: cord-333286-lr32e0w4.txt plain text: cord-333286-lr32e0w4.txt item: #34 of 41 id: cord-333317-oai67igl author: Efremova, Agrafena title: Biomarkers of Browning in Cold Exposed Siberian Adults date: 2020-07-22 words: 4649 flesch: 43 summary: The non-parametric ANCOVA was also applied to evaluate the effect of the number of cold-exposure hours on the distribution of each marker and biochemical variables in cold exposed subjects, using BMI as covariate. In our study, we could not detect differences in the PBMC expression of CPT1A4, SCL27, and PRDM16 comparing cold exposed individuals to controls. keywords: activation; adipocytes; adipose; adults; atherogenic; bat; beige; blood; bmi; brown; browning; cells; changes; cholesterol; cidea; circumference; coefficient; cold; colleagues; conditions; control; data; differences; energy; exposure; expression; fat; g.c; gene; glucose; group; healthy; higher; hip; hoxc9; human; individuals; levels; lipid; lower; markers; medical; metabolic; min; miners; months; obesity; palou; pbmc; rats; rna; samples; siberian; significant; study; subjects; table; temperature; thermoneutral; time; tissue; total; variables; wat; weight; white cache: cord-333317-oai67igl.txt plain text: cord-333317-oai67igl.txt item: #35 of 41 id: cord-335000-4xss3bzv author: Głąbska, Dominika title: Population-Based Study of the Changes in the Food Choice Determinants of Secondary School Students: Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study date: 2020-08-30 words: 6160 flesch: 41 summary: Food choice determinants of adolescents have been shown to be complex and multicausal. However, no studies published so far analyzed the factors that determined food choice determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic. keywords: adolescents; appeal; applied; behaviors; changes; children; choice; choice determinants; control; counties; covid-19 pandemic; current; data; determinants; diet; dietary; education; factors; fcq; food; food choice; general; group; habits; health; important; influence; items; lockdown; mood; motives; national; number; nutritional; period; poland; polish; population; price; questionnaire; respondents; results; sample; sampling; school; scores; secondary; sensory; sensory appeal; specific; students; studies; study; weight cache: cord-335000-4xss3bzv.txt plain text: cord-335000-4xss3bzv.txt item: #36 of 41 id: cord-336256-d5292aga author: Méplan, Catherine title: The Role of Selenium in Health and Disease: Emerging and Recurring Trends date: 2020-04-10 words: 1774 flesch: 26 summary: Addressing the sparse data on selenoprotein expression in CRC, Hughes and colleagues assessed selenoprotein gene transcript levels in the neoplastic and matched mucosal tissue from Irish and Czech colorectal adenoma (CRA) and CRC patients and examined the interaction with Se status levels [6] . Higher Se status levels (total serum Se levels and SELENOP concentrations) were previously reported in a multi-centre, European prospective cohort study (EPIC) to be associated with a decreased CRC risk. keywords: adenoma; authors; biomarkers; cancer; cell; cohort; colorectal; concentrations; crc; cvd; disease; expression; genes; levels; lipid; mechanisms; metabolism; oxidative; pathway; patients; potential; response; risk; role; scly; selenbp1; selenium; selenof; selenoprotein; serum; status; stress; study; tissue; viral cache: cord-336256-d5292aga.txt plain text: cord-336256-d5292aga.txt item: #37 of 41 id: cord-337849-tyabf12r author: Greiller, Claire L. title: Modulation of the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses by Vitamin D date: 2015-05-29 words: 9557 flesch: 23 summary: In this article, we review the literature reporting results of in vitro experiments investigating immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D metabolites in human respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory viruses. Future research: More studies are needed to clarify the effects of vitamin D metabolites on respiratory virus-induced expression of cell surface markers mediating viral entry and bacterial adhesion to respiratory epithelial cells. keywords: able; activation; activity; acute; adults; airway; antigen; antimicrobial; antiviral; associated; asthma; bacterial; bronchiolitis; cathelicidin; cells; chemokines; children; class; clinical; cxcl10; cxcl8; cyp27b1; cytokines; dcs; dendritic; dependent; differentiation; dihydroxyvitamin; direct; disease; effector; effects; epithelial; epithelial cells; expression; form; gene; human; ifn; immune; immune response; immunity; immunomodulatory; immunopathology; important; increase; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammatory; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; innate; interferon; iκbα; levels; ligation; like; ll-37; macrophages; mechanism; metabolites; monocytes; neutrophils; new; pathogens; pathways; patients; peptide; production; protein; randomized; receptor; recognition; recruitment; regulation; regulatory; replication; respiratory; response; results; review; rhinovirus; rna; role; rsv; secretion; severe; signalling; specific; studies; subsequent; supplementation; surface; syncytial; synthesis; system; th1; th17; th2; tlr; tlrs; tnf; toll; tract; transcription; treatment; trial; type; vdr; viral; virus; viruses; vitamin; vitamin d cache: cord-337849-tyabf12r.txt plain text: cord-337849-tyabf12r.txt item: #38 of 41 id: cord-342335-awu50iev author: Carr, Anitra C. title: Factors Affecting Vitamin C Status and Prevalence of Deficiency: A Global Health Perspective date: 2020-07-01 words: 8980 flesch: 46 summary: Here, we provide a narrative review of potential factors influencing vitamin C status globally. Demographic factors such as sex, age, and race are known to affect vitamin C status, as do socioeconomic factors such as deprivation, education and social class, and institutionalization. keywords: acid; adults; age; analysis; antioxidant; ascorbic; associated; body; c intake; c status; cassava; children; clinical; concentrations; consumption; content; cooking; countries; deficiency; depleted; dietary; differences; different; disease; education; effect; elderly; environmental; factors; fat; females; fold; foods; fresh; fruit; genetic; global; groups; health; higher; hypovitaminosis; income; increase; individuals; intake; levels; likely; lower; lower vitamin; national; nhanes; nonsmokers; number; nutrition; odds; oxidative; participants; people; plasma; population; pregnancy; prevalence; range; rates; recent; recommendations; requirements; review; risk; scurvy; serum; settings; smokers; smoking; socioeconomic; south; staple; status; stress; studies; study; supplementation; survey; table; time; tobacco; variants; vegetables; vitamin; vitamin c; weight; women; world; years; µmol cache: cord-342335-awu50iev.txt plain text: cord-342335-awu50iev.txt item: #39 of 41 id: cord-345373-ulsz1d85 author: Grabia, Monika title: The Nutritional and Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes Mellitus date: 2020-09-30 words: 6946 flesch: 49 summary: At the time the survey was conducted, stress levels were starting to return to pre-pandemic levels. Study results revealed several improvements in dietary habits of the youngest respondents during the pandemic (see Supplementary Table S10 ). keywords: activity; body; characteristics; children; consumption; covid-19; covid-19 pandemic; day; diabetes; dietary; differences; disease; eating; following; food; frequency; fresh; habits; hand; health; high; home; hours; increased; individuals; insulin; intake; levels; meals; meat; mellitus; number; nutritional; pandemic; participants; patients; percentage; period; physical; products; questionnaire; related; respondents; results; screen; significant; snacks; stress; study; supplementary; survey; sweet; table; test; time; type; use; vegetables; washing cache: cord-345373-ulsz1d85.txt plain text: cord-345373-ulsz1d85.txt item: #40 of 41 id: cord-346510-upyhirb7 author: Miller, Melissa Farmer title: A Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Effectiveness of Coping with Cancer in the Kitchen, a Nutrition Education Program for Cancer Survivors date: 2020-10-15 words: 7985 flesch: 38 summary: Cancer survivors were recruited from community members served by CSC-Los Angeles (LA, CA, USA) and Fanwood-Scotch Plains YMCA (Scotch Plains, NJ, USA) from April to June 2019, largely by social media, emailed letters of invitation to affiliate members, community-based presentations at cancer support groups, and fliers. Silver Tsunami: Prevalence Trajectories and Comorbidity Burden among Older Cancer Survivors in the United States Obesity and Diabetes: The Increased Risk of Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality Colorectal Cancer Survivors Only Marginally Change Their Overall Lifestyle in the First 2 Years Following Diagnosis Changes in Prostate Gene Expression in Men Undergoing an Intensive Nutrition and Lifestyle Intervention Telomerase Activity and Comprehensive Lifestyle Changes: A Pilot Study Breast Cancer Survivorship: A Comprehensive Review of Long-Term Medical Issues and Lifestyle Recommendations Effect of Diet on Mortality and Cancer Recurrence among Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. keywords: adherence; aicr; alpha; analysis; arm; average; barriers; baseline; beans; behavioral; breast; cancer; cancer survivors; care; cck; cck intervention; changes; community; confidence; control; cronbach; development; diet; dietary; distress; education; effect; efficacy; evidence; f&v; fact; fatigue; follow; foods; general; grains; group; health; increase; intake; intervention; intervention group; items; knowledge; life; lifestyle; materials; model; nutrition; observed; outcomes; participants; patients; people; person; plant; positive; post; practice; prevention; printed; program; psychosocial; quality; randomized; recommendations; research; review; sample; scale; score; self; servings; significant; sizes; skills; small; standard; study; support; survey; survivors; systematic; time; total; treatment; trial; vegetables; weekly; weeks cache: cord-346510-upyhirb7.txt plain text: cord-346510-upyhirb7.txt item: #41 of 41 id: cord-354031-j4qlvm60 author: Rodríguez-Pérez, Celia title: Changes in Dietary Behaviours during the COVID-19 Outbreak Confinement in the Spanish COVIDiet Study date: 2020-06-10 words: 6915 flesch: 46 summary: Indeed, men showed a stronger association between the change in adherence to MedDiet and these variables than women (e.g., OR for the association between increase of olive oil intake and MedDiet adherence change = 8.00 in men and 3.71 in women) (Supplemental Table S6 ). Given the linearity of the association between MedDiet adherence change and duration of confinement (Supplementary Figure S1A) , it was estimated that the odds of change in the adherence increased by 8% per 5 days increase of confinement (95% CI: 1.01-1.17). keywords: adherence; adults; age; association; behaviours; change; cohort; confinement; consumption; cooking; covid-19; covid-19 confinement; data; days; dietary; differences; eating; educational; figure; food; fried; fruits; habits; health; higher; higher adherence; home; information; intake; items; level; lower; mean; meat; medas; meddiet; meddiet adherence; mediterranean; models; non; oil; olive; outbreak; participants; pastries; pattern; people; points; population; questionnaire; red; reference; respondents; score; significant; spain; spanish; spanish confinement; study; sun; supplementary; table; time; university; variables; vegetables; week; weight; years cache: cord-354031-j4qlvm60.txt plain text: cord-354031-j4qlvm60.txt