Oklahoma Native Plant Record, Volume 15, Number 1, December 2015 6 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100111 FIRST FLOWERING DATES FOR CENTRAL OKLAHOMA Unpublished Report Bebb Herbarium University of Oklahoma May 1, 1934 Ben Osborn Keywords: blooming, climate change, historical, phenology INTRODUCTION The following list of native and cultivated plants is arranged according to the first recorded date of blooming for each species as observed in Oklahoma County or any of the counties contiguous to it. Most of the records are from Norman in Cleveland County, with a few from Oklahoma City in Oklahoma County and Shawnee in Pottawatomie County. Where more than one has been recorded, the average is given as the arithmetic average of the dates. Dates of observations of plants which had attained full bloom, where known, have been eliminated, except where they were the earliest recorded dates for the species. Such dates have been starred (*) in the list. A plant is considered in bloom when as many as one flower is open and having either stamens shedding pollen or the stigma ready to receive pollen, as indicated by pollen grains adhering to it or the obviously mature condition of the stigma. Exceptionally early bloomings within the shelter of buildings or other barriers are included, but those resulting from artificial heat have been eliminated. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 7 Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn FIRST FLOWERING DATES Editor’s Note: Where nomenclature has been updated using ITIS–Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (http://www.itis.gov), the original name is in brackets [ ]. There are no voucher specimens for this work; therefore, species identifications are provisional. The dates of observations of plants which have attained full bloom are marked with a single asterisk (*). Observations added by Fred Barkley on 6 June 1934, are marked with a double asterisk (**). JANUARY 1 January Stellaria media. Average 30 January. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn.** 7 January Common dandelion, Taraxacum officinale. Average 25 January. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 19 January Shepherd’s purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris. Average 7 February. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 21 January Chinese elm, Ulmus pumila. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 23 January American elm, Ulmus americana. Average 10 February. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn.** 28 January Silver maple, Acer saccharinum. Average 8 February. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1934, Osborn. 30 January Arbor vitae, Thuja occidentalis. Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. FEBRUARY 1 February Common violet, Viola sororia var. sororia [=Viola papilionacea]. Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 3 February Spring beauty, Claytonia virginica. Average 18 February. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 5 February Bush honeysuckle, Lonicera fragrantissima. Average 6 February. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 6 February Wild pansy, Viola bicolor [=Viola rafinesquii]. Average 24 February. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Virginia rock-cress, Planodes virginica [=Arabis virginica]. Average 26 February. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. http://www.itis.gov/ 8 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn 7 February Jasminum nudiflorum [=Jasminum nudum]. Norman, 1927, Gould. 8 February Least bluet, Houstonia pusilla [=Houstonia minima]. Average 27 February. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 14 February Goldenbells, Forsythia suspensa. Norman, 1927, Gould. 24 February Carolina whitlow-grass, Draba reptans [=Draba caroliniana]. Average 2 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Midland dogtooth-violet, Erythronium mesochoreum. Average 6 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Anemone caroliniana. Average 14 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 25 February Shortpod whitlow-grass, Draba brachycarpa. Average 7 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 28 February Red cedar, Juniperus virginiana. Average 6 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Thunberg spirea, Spiraea thunbergii. Average 7 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. MARCH 3 March Hoary tansy-mustard, Descurainia incana [=Sisymbrium canescens]. Average 29 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 4 March Slippery elm, Ulmus rubra [=Ulmus fulva]. Average 8 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould.** 5 March Chaenomeles japonica. Average 14 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 7 March Peach, Prunus persica. Average 16 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Androsace occidentalis. Average 12 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 10 March Pear, Pyrus communis. Norman, 1927, Gould. Shortstalk chickweed, Cerastium brachypodum. Average 10 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Common henbit, Lamium amplexicaule. (Open flowers). Average 12 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Plantainleaf cat’s-foot, Antennaria plantaginifolia. Average 24 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Chickasaw plum, Prunus angustifolia. Average 17 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould.** Oklahoma Native Plant Record 9 Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 11 March Yellow false-garlic, Nothoscordum bivalve. Average 19 March. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1924, Osborn. Spreading pearlwort, Sagina decumbens. Average 26 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 12 March Box-elder, Acer negundo. Average 19 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 15 March Prunus triloba. Norman, 1927, Gould. Apricot, Prunus armeniaca. Norman, 1927, Gould. Yellow woodsorrel, Oxalis stricta. Average 31 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 16 March Missouri buffalo currant, Ribes aureum. Average 19 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 18 March Redbud, Cercis canadensis. Average 24 March. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Tulip, Tulipa sp. Oklahoma City, 1934, Osborn. 19 March Low plum, Prunus gracilis. Average 23 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould.** Carrotleaf parsley, Lomatium foeniculaceum ssp. daucifolium [=Lomatium daucifolium]. Average 24 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Missouri violet, Viola sororia var. missouriensis [=Viola missouriensis]. Average 24 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. (Reported as V. papilionacea.) 20 March Berberis aquifolium [=Mahonia aquifolium]. Norman, 1927, Gould. 22 March Cottonwood, Populus deltoides. Average 26 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 24 March Lilac, Syringa x persica [=Syringa persica]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Common pansy, Viola tricolor. Norman, 1927, Gould. American plum, Prunus americana. Norman, 1929, Gould. Ground-plum, Astragalus crassicarpus var. crassicarpus [=Astragalus caryocarpus]. Average 28 March. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 25 March Narrowleaf puccoon, Lithospermum incisum [=Lithospermum angustifolium]. Average 27 March. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 27 March Lonicera tatarica. Norman, 1927, Gould. Lonicera morrowii. Norman, 1927, Gould. 10 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 28 March Ash, Fraxinus sp. Oklahoma City, 1933, Osburn. 29 March Eastern hackberry, Celtis occidentalis. Norman, 1928, Gould. Maclura pomifera. Norman, 1928, Gould. Krigia caespitosa [=Scrinia oppositifolia]. Average 9 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Purple poppy-mallow, Callirhoe involucrata. Average 13 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 30 March White mulberry, Morus alba. Norman, 1928, Gould. Purslane speedwell, Veronica peregrina. Average 2 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Androstephium coeruleum. Average 5 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Red mulberry, Morus rubra. Average 9 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 31 March Chaenomeles speciosa [=Chaenomeles lagenaria]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Prairie false-dandelion, Nothocalais cuspidata [=Agoseris cuspidata]. Average 2 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. APRIL 1 April Apple, Malus pumila [=Pyrus malus]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Prunus cerasus. Norman, 1927, Gould. Scarlet strawberry, Fragaria virginiana. Norman, 1927, Gould. Thunberg barberry, Berberis thunbergii. Norman, 1927, Gould. Common lilac, Syringa vulgaris. Average 2 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Stout blue-eyed grass, Sisyrinchium angustifolium [=Sisyrinchium gramineum]. Average 3 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Tall dock, Rumex altissimus. Average 13 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 2 April Caragana arborescens. Norman, 1927, Gould. Colutea arborescens. Norman, 1927, Gould. White ash, Fraximus americana. Average 6 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Philadelphia fleabane, Erigeron philadelphicus. Average 3 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Blackjack oak, Quercus marilandica. Average 4 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Prairie ragwort, Packera plattensis [=Senecio plattensis]. Average 8 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Violet wood-sorrel, Oxalis violacea. Average 9 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Cutleaf evening-primrose, Oenothera laciniata. Average 9 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Roundleaf moneyflower, Mimulus glabratus var. jamesii. Average 21 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 3 April Comptonia peregrina [=Myrica asplenifolia]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 11 Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 4 April Ovalleaf bladderpod, Physaria ovalifolia ssp. ovalifolia [=Lesquerella ovalifolia]. Norman, 1929, Gould. Spurge, Euphorbia sp. Oklahoma City, 1933*, Osborn. 5 April Ellisia nyctelea. Norman, 1927, Gould. Smooth yellow violet, Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula [=Viola scabriuscula]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Virginia pepper-grass, Lepidium virginicum. Norman, 1929, Gould. Poncirus trifoliata. Norman, 1927, Gould. Juglans cinera. Norman, 1927, Gould. Celtis laevigata [=Celtis mississippiensis]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Mousetail, Myosurus minimus. Average 8 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Dewberry, Rubus flagellaris [=Rubus villosus]. Average 14 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Spiny sow-thistle, Sonchus asper. Average 15 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 6 April Sycamore, Platanus occidentalis. Norman, 1929, Gould. 7 April Broussonetia papyrifera. Norman, 1929, Gould. Slender bladderpod, Physaria gracilis [=Lesquerella gracilis]. Norman, 1929, Gould. 8 April Plantago elongata. Norman, 1927, Gould. Wild columbine, Aquilegia canadensis. Norman, 1927, Gould. Spiraea vanhoutei. Norman, 1927, Gould. Tamarisk, Tamarix gallica. Average 9 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Large wild-onion, Allium canadense var. mobilense [=Allium mutabile]. Average 12 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Blue toadflax, Nuttallanthus canadensis [=Linaria canadensis]. Average 16 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Wooly yarrow, Achillea millefolium [=Achillea lanulosa]. Average 23 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Meadow garlic, Allium canadense. Average 23 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 9 April Corn speedwell, Veronica arvensis. Norman, 1929, Gould. Lonicera flava. Norman, 1927, Gould. Black willow, Salix nigra. Average 12 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Bracted false-indigo, Baptisia bracteata. Average 14 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Western plantain, Plantago virginica. Average 14 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 10 April Black-haw, Viburnum plicatum [=Viburnum tomentosum]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Western crab-apple, Malus ioensis [=Pyrus ioensis]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Aquilegia coerulea. Norman, 1927, Gould. 12 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn Spreading chervil, Chaerophyllum procumbens. Average 13 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Goose-grass, Galium aparine. Average 14 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 11 April Tropaeolum majus. Norman, 1927, Gould. Robinia hispida. Norman, 1927, Gould. Salix alba [=Salix vitellina]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Western tansy-mustard, Descurainia incisa ssp. incisa [=Sisymbrium incisum]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Vaillant’s goose-grass, Galium aparine [=Galium aparine baillantii]. Average 12 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Tetraneuris linearifolia [=Actinea linearifolia]. Average 14 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 12 April Viburnum opulus [=Viburnum opulus sterile]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Black medick, Medicago lupulina. Average 6 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 13 April Fragrant sumac, Rhus aromatica [=Rhus canadensis]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Kerria japonica. Norman, 1927, Gould. Frost grape, Vitis vulpina [=Vitis cordifolia]. Average 10 April. Norman, 1928, Gould. 14 April Alyssum alyssoides. Norman, 1927, Gould. Crataegus calpodendron [=Crataegus globosa]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Black-haw, Virburnum prunifolium. Norman, 1927, Gould. Leafystem false-dandelion, Pyrrhopappus carolinianus. Norman, 1927, Gould. Corydalis aurea ssp. occidentalis. Average 19 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia. Average 20 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Beaked corn-salad, Valerianella radiata. Average 22 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Pecan, Carya illinoiensis. Average 27 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 15 April Calycanthus floridus. Norman, 1927, Gould. Pepper-grass, Lepidium apetalum. Average 15 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould, and Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaeagnifolium. Average 29 April. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. 16 April Western crab apple, Pyrus ioensis. Norman, 1927, Gould.** Cryptanthe fendleri. Average 20 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Post oak, Quercus stellata. Average 17 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Western daisy, Astranthium integrifolium ssp. integrifolium [=Bellis integrifolia]. Average 20 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Red oak, Quercus rubra [=Quercus borealis]. Norman, 1929, Gould. 13 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 17 April Rhodotypos scandens [=Rhodotypos kerrioides]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Yellow oak, Quercus muhlenbergii. Norman, 1929, Gould. Cotoneaster gaballei. Norman, 1927, Gould. Cotoneaster horizonatlis. Norman, 1927, Gould. Southern black-haw, Viburnum rufidulum. Average 19 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Burr oak, Quercus macrocarpa. Average 23 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 18 April Nandina domestica. Norman, 1927, Gould. Aronia melanocarpa. Norman, 1927, Gould. Carolina cranebill, Geranium carolinianum. Average 27 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 19 April Phacelia hirsuta. Norman, 1927, Gould. Eleagnus angustifolia. Norman, 1927, Gould. Deutzia scabra. Norman, 1927, Gould. Stemless loco-weed, Oxytropis lambertii. Average 24 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould.** Small skullcap, Scutellaria parvula. Average 25 April. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 20 April Rosa rubiqinosa [=Rosa eglanteria]. Norman, 1927, Gould. 21 April Hoary puccoon, Lithospermum canescens. Norman, 1929, Gould. Light poppy-mallow, Callirhoe alcaeoides. Oklahoma City, 1934, Osborn. 22 April White clover, Trifolium repens. Oklahoma City, 1934, Osborn. Nuttall onion, Allium drummondii [=Allium nuttallii]. Norman, 1928, Gould. True water-cress, Nasturtium officinale [=Radicula nasturium-aquaticum]. Norman, 1929, Gould. Western spiderwort, Tradescantia occidentalis. Average 24 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Poison oak, Toxicodendron pubescens [=Rhus toxicodendron]. Average 29 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Horsenettle, Solanum carolinense. Average 3 May. Earliest, 1929, Gould. 23 April Smallflower verbena, Glandularia bipinnatifida var. bipinnatifida [=Verbena bipinnatifida]. Norman, 1938, Gould. Rock sandwort, Minuartia tenella [=Arenaria stricta]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Petioled wild four-o-clock, Mirabilis nyctaginea [=Oxybaphus nyctagineus]. Average 1 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 24 April Alfalfa, Medicago sativa. Average 1 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Curly dock, Rumex crispus. Average 3 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Ben Osborn 14 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 25 April Red-haw, Crataegus sp. Average 25 April. Norman, 1928–29, Gould. Rough false-dandelion, Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus [=Pyrrhopappus scaposus]. Average 26 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Blue false-indigo, Baptisia australis. Average 27 April. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Chaetopappa asteroides. Average 29 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Black walnut, Juglans nigra. Average 30 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Wild parsnip, Pastinaca nativa. Average 1 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Hairy puccoon, Lithospermum caroliniense [=Lithospermum gmelini]. Average 3 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 26 April Vetch, Vicia sp. (cultivated). Oklahoma City, 1934, Osborn. Basket oak, Quercus michauxii. Norman, 1928, Gould. 27 April Common greenbriar, Smilax rotundifolia. Norman, 1929, Gould. Virginia willow, Itea virginica. Norman, 1929, Gould. Yellow sweet-clover, Melilotus officinalis. Average 4 May. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1934*, Osborn. 28 April Spreading fleabane, Erigeron divergens. Average 3 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Serrateleaf evening-primrose, Oenothera serrulata. Average 1 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 29 April Skunk bush, Rhus aromatica [=Rhus canadensis trilobatus]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Purple milkweed, Asclepias purpurascens. Norman, 1928, Gould. Bluntleaf milkweed, Asclepias amplexicaulis. Average 5 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Wavyleaf gaura, Oenothera sinuosa [=Gaura sinuata]. Average 2 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould.** 30 April Reflexed spiderwort, Tradescantia ohiensis [=Tradescantia reflexa]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Mexican sandbur, Tribulus terrestris. Average 30 April. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Cutleaf bayless gaillardia, Gaillardia suavis. Average 5 May. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. Oblongleaf milkweed, Asclepias viridis [=Asclepiodora viridis]. Average 6 May. Earliest, Oklahoma City, 1933, Osborn. MAY 1 May Vetch, Vicia tetrasperma. Norman, 1928, Gould. Small Venus’-lookingglass, Triodanis perfoliata ssp. biflora [=Specularia biflora]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Prairie larkspur, Delphinium carolinianum [=Delphinium penardi]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Sand grape, Vitis rupestris. Norman, 1928, Gould. American mistletoe, Phoradendron serotinum ssp. serotinum [=Phoradendron flavescens]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 15 Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn 2 May Sleepy catchfly, Silene antirrhina. Average 6 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Venus’-lookingglass, Specularia perfoliata. Average 12 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 3 May Salsify, Tragopogon porrifolius. Norman, 1928, Gould. River locust, Amorpha fruticosa. Average 5 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Scarlet gaura, Oenothera suffrutescens [=Gaura coccinea]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Downy phlox, Phlox pilosa. Average 4 May. Norman, 1929, Gould. Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata [=Convolvulus repens]. Average 6 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Smooth soapweed, Yucca glauca. Average 7 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Large beardtongue, Penstemon cobaea. Average 7 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Slender beardtongue, Penstemon gracilis. Average 2 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Missouri evening-primrose, Oenothera macrocarpa ssp. macrocarpa [=Oenothera missouriensis]. Average 8 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Whorled tickseed, Coreopsis verticillata. Average 8 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Spermolepis echinata. Average 12 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Spurge nettle, Cnidoscolus urens var. stimulosus [=Jatropha stimulosa]. Average 12 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Hymenopappus scabiosaeus [=Hymenopappus carolinensis]. Average 13 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 4 May Hairy bedstraw, Galium pilosum. Norman, 1929, Gould. Delphinium carolinianum [=Delphinium virescens]. Norman, 1929, Gould. Psoralidium tenuiflorum [=Psoralea tenuiflora]. Norman, 1929, Gould. 5 May Galium tricornutum [=Galium tricorne]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Spinyleaf catbriar, Smilax bona-nox. Average 9 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Showy evening-primrose, Oenothera speciosa. Average 6 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Largeflower flax, Linum rigidum. Average 7 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. Sweet-scented grape, Vitus vulpina. Average 8 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Sensitive-briar, Mimosa microphylla [=Schrankia uncinata]. Average 11 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 6 May Longstalk green-briar, Smilax pseudo-china. Norman, 1928, Gould. Pediomelum digitatum [=Psoralea digitata]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Kentucky coffee-tree, Gymnocladus dioica. Norman, 1928, Gould. 7 May Polygala senega. Average 15 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Virginia ground-cherry, Physalis virginiana. Norman, 1927, Gould. Dwarf morning-glory, Evolvulus nuttallianus [=Evolvulus argenteus]. Average 10 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 16 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 8 May Bracted plantain, Plantago aristata. Norman, 1928, Gould. Honey locust, Gledtisia triacanthos. Norman, 1928, Gould. Rib-grass, Plantago lanceolata. Norman, 1928, Gould. 9 May Western catalpa, Catalpa speciosa. Norman, 1929, Gould. Catalpa, Catalpa bignonioides [=Catalpa catalpa]. Norman, 1927, Gould. American vetch, Vicia americana. Norman, 1927, Gould.** American elder, Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis [=Sambucus canadensis]. Average 13 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. White sweet-clover, Melilotus albus. Average 14 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Roughleaf dogwood, Cornus asperifolia. Average 16 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 12 May Potentilla norvegica [=Potentilla monspeliensis]. Norman, 1927, Gould. Purple lemon-mint, Monarda citriodora [=Monarda dispersa]. Average 23 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 13 May Queen’s delight, Stillingia sylvatica. Norman, 1928, Gould. Rabbit tobacco, Diaperia prolifera [=Evax prolifera]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Canada moonseed, Menispermum candense. Norman, 1928, Gould. Bristly greenbriar, Smilax tamnoides [=Smilax hispida]. Norman, 1928, Gould. 14 May Low ground-cherry, Physalis pumila. Norman, 1928, Gould. Low hairy ground-cherry, Physalis pubescens. Norman, 1928, Gould. Largeflower tickseed, Coreopsis grandiflora. Oklahoma City, 1933*, Osborn. Pediomelum cuspidatum [=Psoralea cuspidata]. Average 17 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Bank-bur, Krameria lanceolata. Average 21 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 15 May Dogbane, Apocynum cannabinum. Norman, 1929, Gould. Showy gaillardia, Gaillardia puchella. Norman, 1928, Gould. Green dragon, Arisaema dracontium. Average 17 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 16 May Dwarf verbena, Glandularia pumila [=Verbena pumila]. Norman, 1928, Gould. 17 May Ground ivy, Nepeta cataria. Norman, 1928, Gould. Purple cone-flower, Echinacea purpurea [=Brauneria purpurea]. Average 21 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. Field bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis. Norman, 1928, Gould. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 17 Volume 15, December 2015 © Ben Osborn Journal compilation © 2015 Oklahoma Native Plant Society 19 May Decumbent milkweed, Asclepias asperula [=Asclepiodora decumbens]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Tumble mustard, Sisymbrium altissimum. Norman, 1929, Gould. Engelmannia peristenia [=Engelmannia pinnatifida]. Norman, 1929, Gould. Persimmon, Disopyros virginiana. Norman, 1929, Gould. 20 May Phlox maculata. Norman, 1927, Gould. Leafy white prickly-poppy, Argemone polyanthemos [=Argemone intermedia]. Average 22 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 21 May Smooth Solomon’s seal, Polygonatum biflorum [=Polygonatum commutatum]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Bluntleaf spurge, Euphorbia spathulata [=Euphorbia obtusata]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Low dwarf mallow, Malva neglecta [=Malva rotundifolia]. Norman, 1928. Climbing bittersweet, Celastrus scandens. Norman, 1928, Gould. Prairie sunflower, Helianthus petiolaris. Average 24 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928. 22 May Spermolepis inermis [=Spermolepis patens]. Norman, 1928, Gould. 23 May Longhead coneflower, Ratibida columnifera [=Lepachys columnaris]. Average 29 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 24 May Wild sweet-pea, Tephrosia virginiana. Average 25 May. Earliest, Norman, 1928, Gould. 25 May Ruellia strepens. Average 26 May. Earliest, Norman, 1929, Gould. 26 May Intermediate bush-clover, Lespedeza simulata. Norman, 1927, Gould. Snow-on-the-mountain, Euphorbia marginata. Norman, 1928, Gould. Lead plant, Amorpha canescens. Norman, 1927, Gould. Claspingleaf coneflower, Rudbeckia amplexicaulis. Norman, 1927, Gould. Smooth sumac, Rhus glabra. Average 28 May. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. Black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta. Earliest, Norman, 1927, Gould. 27 May Denseflower water-willow, Justicia americana [=Dianthera americana]. Norman, 1929, Gould.** 28 May Lateflower talinum, Phemeranthus calycinus [=Talinum calycinum]. Norman, 1928, Gould. Smallflower talinum, Phemeranthus parviforus [=Talinum parviflora]. Norman, 1928, Gould Buffalo burr, Solanum rostratum. Norman, 1928, Gould. 18 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 15, December 2015 Ben Osborn 30 May Butterfly weed, Asclepias tuberosa. Norman, 1929, Gould. 31 May Sabatia campestris. Norman, 1927, Gould. Yellow gaillardia, Gaillardia pinnatifida. Norman, 1928, Gould. JUNE 1 June Gold tickseed, Coreopsis tinctoria. Norman, 1927, Gould. First Flowering Dates for Central Oklahoma by Mr. Ben Osborn