Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society, Volume 9, December 2009 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 4 VASCULAR PLANTS OF SOUTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA FROM THE SANS BOIS TO THE KIAMICHI MOUNTAINS Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 1969 Francis Hobart Means, Jr. Midwest City, Oklahoma Current Email Address: fhmeans@cox.net The author grew up in the prairie region of Kay County where he learned to appreciate proper management of the soil and the native grass flora. After graduation from college, he moved to Eastern Oklahoma State College where he took a position as Instructor in Botany and Agronomy. In the course of conducting botany field trips and working with local residents on their plant problems, the author became increasingly interested in the flora of that area and of the State of Oklahoma. This led to an extensive study of the northern portion of the Oauchita Highlands with collections currently numbering approximately 4,200. The specimens have been processed according to standard herbarium procedures. The first set has been placed in the Herbarium of Oklahoma State University with the second set going to Eastern Oklahoma State College at Wilburton. Editor’s note: The original species list included habitat characteristics and collection notes. These are omitted here but are available in the dissertation housed at the Edmon-Low Library at OSU or in digital form by request to the editor. [SS] PHYSICAL FEATURES Location and Area The area studied is located primarily in the Ouachita Highlands of eastern Oklahoma. The specific area is generally bounded on the west by State Highway 2, on the south by the Kiamichi Mountains, on the east by the Oklahoma-Arkansas State Line, and on the north by the Sans Bois Mountains. The area includes the southern two-thirds of Latimer County, the southern half of LeFlore County, and the northeast corner of Pushmataha County. Most of the area is mountainous with prairie sites lying generally west to east in narrow valleys. One large prairie site lies in northern Latimer County and central LeFlore County, between the Sans Bois and Means, F.H. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100067 Winding Stair Mountain ranges. A second large valley lies across the southern part of Latimer and LeFlore counties between the Winding Stair and Kiamichi mountain ranges. Geology The Sans Bois Mountains of northern Latimer and LeFlore counties are primarily Savanna and McAlester formations of the Krebs group, dating from the Pennsylvanian (Snider 1917). The valleys to the west and east of Wilburton in Latimer County and extending eastward into LeFlore County are alluvium and low terrace deposits underlain by Pennsylvanian strata (Snider 1917). These valleys are generally associated with Gaines Creek in Latimer County, Fourche Maline Creek in Latimer and LeFlore mailto:fhmeans@cox.net Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 5 counties, and Poteau River in LeFlore County. These also are associated with the coal basin of eastern Oklahoma, with numerous coal deposits occurring in the Pennsylvanian strata. The Ouachita Overthrust, forming the Winding Stair Mountain Range, is of Cambrian to Lower Pennsylvanian rocks formed during the second period of mountain formation in eastern Oklahoma (Dott 1928). The leading edge, to the north and west, formed a great arc and is now known as the Choctaw Fault (Dott 1928), which runs from west to east across central Latimer and LeFlore counties. The Wapanucka limestone outcrops along this fault through Latimer County and dates to the early Pennsylvanian (Fellows 1964). To the south of the Choctaw Fault lie the Winding Stair Mountains. They are heavily faulted, with alternating layers of sandstones and shales. The principal strata are the Atoka Formation of Pennsylvanian, the Jackfork of Upper Mississippian, the John’s Valley Formation of Upper Mississippian and Lower Pennsylvanian, and the Stanley Shale of Upper Mississippian (Fellows 1964). Characteristically the valleys are formed from shales and the mountains from sandstones. The deeper riverbeds contain belts of Pleistocene materials. The Atoka Formation is principally gray shale with sandstones distributed throughout, while the Jackfork is composed of heavy, massive beds of brown sandstone separated by thinner bands of gray shale (Snider 1917). The Atoka strata are more resistant to erosion than is the Stanley Shale. The John’s Valley Formation is gray-green clay shale with interbedded sandstone that is easily eroded and is a valley former (Snider 1917). The Stanley Shale is a bluish, greenish-black slaty shale with thin sandstone layers and considerable chert (Snider 1917). Some Caney Shale, which is black and green in color, is also present. The Winding Stair Mountains are separated from the Kiamichi Mountains by a valley through which flows the Kiamichi River. This valley runs from Big Cedar in LeFlore County westward through Talihina, across Latimer County, and into Pushmataha County near Clayton. It is formed from the Stanley Shale of Upper Mississippian (Snider 1917) that is easily eroded and forms valley floors. Lying to the west of Talihina in southeast Latimer County and along the northeastern edge of Pushmataha County are the Potato Hills. They are remnants of Ordovican black shales and sandstones underlain by shales of Lower Pennsylvanian (Snider 1917). At many places the Arkansas Novaculite-Stanley complex is present. The Ordovican consists of bluish, greenish, and white chert with thin cherty and slaty shales with thin lenticels of limestone (Snider 1917). The Kiamichi Mountains are Jackfork Shale of Pennsylvanian underlain by Stanley Shale (Snider 1917). The sandstone is resistant to weathering. The faulting is severe, and these mountains are more rugged than the Winding Stair Mountains. Rich Mountain, of southeast LeFlore County, is of like composition. It is the highest in the area, reaching an elevation of approximately 3000 feet (914.4 m) above sea level (Snider 1917), which is approximately 2000 feet (609.6 m) above the streams at its base. The lower elevations in the area are approximately 500 feet (152.4 m) above sea level. Topography by Counties According to Snider (1917), Latimer County covers approximately 735 sq. miles (1903.64 sq. km), lying in an area of Pennsylvanian rocks with the southern part in the Ouachita Mountain region. Both the northern and southern parts consist of alternating sandstones and shales of considerable thickness, folded into steep, northeast-southwest folds. The southern formations are the oldest and are steeper. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 6 The northern part is drained by Fourche Maline eastward into the Poteau River; the southern part drains into the Kiamichi River through several small tributaries; and the southwestern part drains northwest into the Canadian River by way of Gaines Creek (Figure). LeFlore County is one of the larger counties in the state, covering approximately 1614 sq. miles (4180.24 sq. km). The northern part lies in the Arkansas Valley geologic and physiographic province while the southern part lies in the Ouachita Mountains. The formations are the same as those of Latimer County, with the Ouachita Mountains being especially rough. Included are the Winding Stair, Kiamichi, and Jackfork mountains. The middle and northern part drains into the Arkansas River by way of the Poteau River and its tributaries. The southern part drains into the Kiamichi River, which lies north of Kiamichi Mountain. The southern edge, south of Kiamichi Mountain, is drained by Little River toward the Red River. Pushmataha County covers approximately 1430 sq. miles (3703.68 sq. km.). It lies in the Ouachita Mountains except for the southwest corner. The hills are rugged with much surface sandstone, separated by narrow valleys. The Jackfork Mountains and the Potato Hills are the areas of highest elevation in the county. The eastern part of the county drains toward the Red River by means of Little River. Most of the county is drained toward the Red River by Kiamichi River and its tributaries. The Kiamichi has its origin in Arkansas, flows westward, then southward, then southeast to the Red River. The Kiamichi River is paralleled by Little River to the east, which has its origin in the southwest corner of LeFlore County. Soils According to Gray and Galloway (1959) there are four principal soil series within the Ouachita Highlands, with several additional localized series. They are acid red-yellow podzolic soils developed from gray and brown shales and sandstones. The surface soils are generally light colored and strongly leached. The major soil series are the Hector-Pottsville, Enders-Conway-Hector, Atkins-Pope, and the Parsons-Dennis-Bates. South of the Choctaw Fault, much of the mountains are rough with some of the formations steeply tilted (as much as 60 degrees to the horizontal). On these mountains, forest vegetation can easily penetrate the more weathered layers of the slopes. The Sans Bois Mountains have soils of the same series as the Winding Stair and Kiamichi mountains, but the strata are more horizontal, which results in poorer forest sites. The soil association characteristic of the Sans Bois, Winding Stair, and Kiamichi mountain ranges is the Hector-Pottsville series (see Fig.). In the Hector series, the topsoil is a dark brown sandy loam, characteristically formed on hills and mountains under forest type vegetation. In the Pottsville series, topsoil is a brown, fine sandy loam or loam a few inches deep, formed on hills and mountains under forest vegetation. In both Hector and Pottsville, it is not uncommon for slopes to be steep. Ledges and surface rocks are also a common occurrence. The soils of the Potato Hills include the Clebit series in addition to the Hector and Pottsville series. The Clebit topsoil varies from a dark gray-brown stony silt loam to a pale brown silt loam, formed under forest vegetation of rocky steep slopes. The soil of the prairie west of Wilburton, in Latimer County, is the Parson-Dennis-Bates Association (see Figure). This association also forms part of the prairie north of the Kiamichi River, south and east of Talihina. The Parson topsoil is a grayish brown medium acid silt loam. The topography is nearly level to gentle slopes and is covered by tall grass Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 7 vegetation. The permeability of the soil is slow; it is seasonally wet and of low fertility. The Dennis series topsoil is dark grayish brown, medium acid silt loam of low fertility, and is subject to erosion. The Bates series topsoil is a dark grayish brown loam or fine sandy loam of medium acidity. Shallow spots with surface rock are common and the soil is easily eroded. The large prairie of eastern Latimer County and northern LeFlore County, north of the Ouachita Highlands, is of the Enders- Conway-Hector Association (see Figure). The Enders soil is a brown, fine, sandy loam found on gentle slopes and ridges and is of low fertility, erosive, and droughty. The Conway series is a brown silt loam. Parent material is gray and brown clay and sandy shales of gentle slopes and valleys. It is of low fertility, slow draining, and it commonly has silt mounds. The Hector series, which is a part of this association, has been previously discussed. The Poteau River valley has soils of the Atkins-Pope Association (see Figure). The Atkins series is a light gray acid silt loam or gray loam mottled with brown and yellow. The parent materials are gray acid mottled clay loams, loams, and loamy alluviums. The terrain is flood plain, subject to overflow, and is of low fertility with poor drainage. The Pope soil is a brown acid fine sandy loam. Parent materials are brown stratified alluviums of flood plains and naturally elevated dikes. It is subject to overflow, is of low fertility, but is sandier and better drained than the Atkins. CLIMATE The climate of the Ouachita Highlands is of the continental type. It is moderated by seasonal influences of warm moist winds from the Gulf of Mexico. The annual temperature extremes range from a few degrees below zero to 103° F (-20 o to 40 o C). Figure Generalized soil map of southeastern Oklahoma. Symbols are: PDB – Parson, Dennis, Bates; ECH – Enders, Conway, Hector; HP – Hector, Pottsville; and AP – Adkins, Pope (Gray and Galloway 1959). The average temperature for the years 1962 through 1967 was approximately 62° F (17 o C; Table I). Precipitation is high, ranging from just under 40 inches (101.6 cm) in the northern part to nearly 50 (127 cm) inches in the southern mountainous part (Table II). During the relatively dry year of 1963, just over 20 inches (50.8 cm) fell at Wilburton, whereas in 1967, over 62 inches (157.5 cm) fell at the Kiamichi Tower on Kiamichi Mountain in Southwest LeFlore County (Table II). The distribution of rainfall is more uniform over the entire year than is usual for the rest of Oklahoma. Spring is characterized by heavy rainfall, resulting in considerable local flooding. The summer months often become droughty with Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 8 moisture again being plentiful during the fall. Eastern Oklahoma and the adjoining states receive, on the average, more precipitation in the spring than any other state east of the Rocky Mountains (Wahlgren 1941). High summer temperatures usually occur with clear skies and are accompanied by light wind. In winter, occasional sleet, ice storms, or snows occur but are few in number and of short duration. The last killing frost in spring falls in March to late April, with the first frost in fall occurring in late October. TABLE I AVERAGE TEMPERATURES Station 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 Clayton 2N 63.3M Kiamichi Tower Poteau 62.3 63.1 62.5 62.0 60.9 62.1 Smithville 2NNW 60.5 60.9 60.1M Wilburton 62.2 63.4 62.5 62.4M 59.7M Wister Dam 63.1 63.7 63.3 63.8M 60.4M 60.7 Source: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Climatological Data, Oklahoma, Annual Summaries, 1962-1967. Temperature averages followed by an M indicate one or more months of missing data. TABLE II AVERAGE PRECIPITATION Station 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 Clayton 2N 48.5 29.4E 50.4 36.0E 37.0E 53.8E Kiamichi Tower 59.0E 28.0E 45.4 58.2E 44.1E 62.1 Poteau 41.8 20.9 38.6 31.6 33.1 49.6 Smithville 2NNW 51.3 29.7 43.5 56.9 39.2E 59.2 Wilburton 45.7 20.7 41.9 35.7 45.9 48.8E Wister Dam 38.7 22.0 40.3 32.6 36.9 50.5 Source: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Climatological Data, Oklahoma, Annual Summaries, 1962-1967. Precipitation averages followed by an E indicate one or more months of missing data. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 9 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The first plant collecting in the Ouachita Highlands of eastern Oklahoma was done by Thomas Nuttall in 1819. During a stay of several weeks at Ft. Smith on the Arkansas River in western Arkansas, he made several short collecting trips into surrounding territory. On May 16, 1819, Nuttall left Ft. Smith with Major Bradford and a company of soldiers on a trip to the confluence of the Kiamichi River and the Red River. They followed the Poteau and Kiamichi rivers, crossing the mountains that separate the two drainage systems. The following are excerpts from Nuttall’s Journal of his Travels into the Arkansas Territory (as reprinted in Early Western Travels, Volume XIII. Thwaites 1905). [April] 27. Yesterday I took a walk of about five miles up the banks of the Pottoe [Poteau], and found my labour well repayed by the discovery of several new or undescribed plants… The whole expanse of forest, hill and dale was now richly enameled with a profusion of beautiful and curious flowers; among the most conspicuous was the charming Daisy of America [Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) Nutt.] of a delicate lilac colour, and altogether corresponding in general aspect with the European species; intermingled, appears a new species of Phlox, the Verbena subletia, and the esculent Scilla [camassia]. Nuttall made interesting notes about the terrain and flora. After passing the Poteau River, he noted the conic shape of Sugar Loaf Mountain and Cavanah Mountain, likening them to the Allegheny Mountains (Thwaites 1905). On May 17, he recorded the following: These vast plains, beautiful almost as the fancied Elysium, were now enamelled with innumerable flowers, among the most splendid of which were the azur Larkspur [Delphinium carolinianum Walt.], gilded Coreopsides [Coreopsis], Rudbeckias [Rudbeckia], fragrant Phloxes, and the purple Psilotria. After crossing the divide from the Poteau River to the Kiamichi River, he again likened the ridges to the Allegheny of Pennsylvania, noting that they were rocky and thinly wooded with pines and oaks (Thwaites 1905). On his return trip to Ft. Smith, Nuttall notes passing with great difficulty along the summit of a mountain covered with thickets of “dwarf oaks (Quercus chinquapin, Q. montana and Q. alba), none of them scarcely exceeding the height of a man” (Thwaites 1905). Many other botanists traveled and collected plants in Oklahoma. Zina Pitcher, a surgeon in the U. S. Army, apparently traveled the same general route as did Nuttall (McKelvey 1955). Melines C. Leavenworth, Heinrich Karl Beyrich, Charles Joseph Latrobe, and Edward James all collected in Oklahoma but passed by the Ouachita Highlands while enroute to more western or southern destinations. (McKelvey 1955). G. D. Butler collected Isoetes at Limestone Gap, approximately 70 miles north of Texas and 100 miles west of Arkansas (Butler 1878). This is probably the present town of Gap in northern Atoka County, situated in a break of the Ouachita Highlands. Stevens collected plants from the vicinity of Page, Oklahoma, in southeastern Oklahoma, during 1913 prior to his and Shannon’s joint publication of plant life in Oklahoma (Stevens and Shannon 1917). Palmer (1924) made a study of the ligneous flora of Rich Mountain in southeastern Oklahoma and Featherly (1928) listed the grasses of Oklahoma. In addition, occasional collections from the area of study by E. Little, R. Stratton, and Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 10 G. Goodman are in the herbarium of Oklahoma State University. Collections of significance include those of U. T. Waterfall. ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS The vegetation of the Ouachita Highlands is the Oak-Hickory Association of the Deciduous Forest Formation (Bruner 1931). This association is composed of two communities that are similar and intergrade considerably. One community is the upland forests of the rough hills and mountainous areas and the other is the lowland forest of stream valleys and more mesic lower slopes. Overlapping into the forests, primarily in the valleys, is the tall grass prairie. There is intergradation to a limited extent between the lowland forests and the prairie community. The oak-hickory forest is most extensive on the lower slopes and level fertile valleys. The dominant species are Quercus shumardii, var. schnecki, Q. nigra, Q. falcata, var. falcata, Q. velutina, Q. stellata, Carya aquatic, C. cordiformis, C. myristicaeformis, and C. texana. Other species commonly present in the valleys and lower slopes include Acer saccharum, A. saccharinum, A. negundo, Diospyros virginiana, Sassafras albida, Liquidambar styraciflua, Juglans nigra, Prunus serotina, Robinia pseudoacacia, Nyssa sylvatica, Ostrya virginiana, Tilia neglecta, Quercus macrocarpa, Q. muhlenbergii, Q. lyrata, Q. alba, Ulmus alata, Carya illinoensis, Celtis laevigata, Pinus echinata, Salix caroliniana, S. nigra, Platanus occidentalis, Gleditsia tricanthos, Fraxinus americana, Maclura pomifera, and Salix interior. Characteristic dominant species of the more xeric upland sites include Quercus velutina, Q. stellata, Q. palustris, Q. marilandica, Carya cordiformis, C. texana, Ulmus alata, and Pinus echinata. Other species, including shrubs, present in the upland forest include the following: Aesculus glabra, Ascyrum hypericoides, Vaccinium arboretum, V. stamineum, Bumelia lanuginosae, Ceanothus herbaceous, Hypericum spathulatum, H. punctatum, Ilex deciduas, and Rhus copallina. Shrubs more characteristic of the more mesic lower slopes include Crataegus crus-galli, C. spathulata, Cornus drummondii, C. obliquae, Prunus mexicana, P. americana, Rhus toxicodendron, R. glabra, R. radicans, and Virburnum prunifolium. Shrubs of the mesic lower slopes and valleys include Cornus florida, Alnus serrulata, Betula nigra, Ostrya virginiana, Carpinus caroliniana, Callicarpa americana, Hamamelis vernalis, Prunus serotina, Amorpha fruticosa, Hydrangea arborescens, and Asimina triloba. Magnolia acuminata is found only on the mesic northern slope of Rich Mountain in Southeast LeFlore County. Ilex opaca is restricted to wet sandy loam soils along Kiamichi River and Little River. Common lianas found in the Oak- Hickory Association include the following: Clematis versicolor, Calycocarpum lyoni, Cocculus carolinus, Vitis rotundifolia, V. vulpina, V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Menisperma canadense, Ampelopsis cordata, Berchemia scandens, Cissus incisa, Smilax glauca, S. bona-nox, S. rotundifolia, Rhododendron oblongifolium, and Campsis radicans. The herbaceous flora varies with the seasons and the density of the forest. The prevernal and vernal species include the following: Sanguinaria canadensis, Podophyllum peltatum, Polygonatum canaliculatum, Arisaema dracontium, Erythronium americanum, Danthonia spicata, Panicum sphaerocarpon, Carex brevior, C. caroliniana, C. lurida, Trillium viride, Viola pedata, var. lineariloba, V. sororia, V. kitaibeliana, Valerianella longiflora, V. stenocarpa, Ranuculus hispidus, R. fascicularis, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Senecio obovatus, Oenothera laciniata, Anemonella thalictroides, Lepidium virginianum, and Callirhoe alcaeoides. Common estival species include the following: Silene stellata, Salvia lyrata, Monarda fistulosa, Teucrium canadense, Geum canadense, Tovara virginiana, Boehmeria cylindrica, Utrica chamaedryoides, Commelina communis, Polygonum hydropiperoides, var. opelousanum, Rumex crispus, Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 11 R. pulcher, Froelichia gracilis, Tephrosia virginiana, Zizia aurea, Cassia fasciculata, Clitoria mariana, Desmondium sessilifolium, Elymus canadensis, Panicum hians, Eleocharis obtusa, Lobelia spicata, and Passiflora incarnata. The serotinal species include the following: Lobelia cardinalis, Aster azureus, Boltonia diffusa, Elephantopus carolinianus, Eupatorium coelastinum, E. serotinum, Iresine rhizomotosa, Impatiens capensis, Agastache nepetoides, Helianthus hirsutus, Uniola latifolia, Tridens flavus, Croton monanthogynus, Euphorbia corollata, E. supine, Pycnanthemum albescens, Prunella vulgaris, Plantago rugelii, Coreopsis grandiflora, and Solidago delicatula. Subclimax prairie is found between the Winding Stair Mountains and the Sans Bois Mountains, and between the Kiamichi Mountains and the Winding Stair Mountains. Dominant prairie species are as follows: Andropogon gerardi, A. scoparius, Sorghastrum nutans, and Panicum virgatum. Other common species include Andropogon saccharoides, A. ternarius, Setaria geniculata, Echinochloa crusgalli, Panicum anceps, P. agrostoides, var. condensatum, Paspalum setaceum, Agrostis hyemalis, Aristida oligantha, Spehnopholis obtusata, Tridens strictus, Carex amphibola, var. turgid, C. lupuliformis, Scirpus lineatus, Aristida longespica, Elymus virginicus, Manisuris cylindrical, Eragrostis trichodes, Bromus secalinus, Festuca octaflora, and Hordeum pussillum. Prevernal and vernal species of the prairies include the following: Sisyrinchium campestre, Hypoxis hirsuta, Tradescantia ohiensis, T. ernestiana, Baptisia leucophaea, B. nuttalina, B. sphaerocarpa, Collinsia violacea, Ranunculus fascicularis, Bromus japonicus, B. mollis, Penstemon arkansanus, P. digitalis, Claytonia virginica, Anemone caroliniana, Linaria canadensis, Camassia angusta, and Luzula bulbosa. Species that are a little later but still vernal include Daucus pusillus, Ptilimnium nuttallii, Potentilla canadensis, Amsonia tabernaemontana, Phacelia hirsuta, Astranthium integrifolium, Phlox pilosa, Psoralea psoralioides, P. tenuiflora, Silene stellata, Astragulus distortus, Rosa carolina, Stylosanthes biflora, Polygala incarnate, Acalypha virginica, and Verbena canadensis. Estival species of the prairie include Rudbeckia grandiflora, R. triloba, Cicuta maculata, Asclepias tuberosa, Oenothera laciniata, Zizia aurea, Eryngium yuccifolium, Gaura filiformis, Liatris pycnostachya, Spiranthes vernalis, and Cuscuta cuspidata. Some serotinal species of the prairie include Solidago radula, S. rigida, Helianthus mollis, Vernonia baldwinii, Silphium laciniatum, and Euphorbia nutans. Vegetation associated with the streams, ponds and lakes of the area varies from free floating aquatics to those growing along the edge of water. Common free floating or bottom rooted species include Nuphar advena, var. advena, Lemna valdiviana, Myriophyllum heterophyllum, Utricularia biflora, Potamogeton diversifolius, and Najas guadalupensis. Species rooted at the edge of the water include Typha latifolia, Sagittaria gramineum, S. ambigua, Zizaniopsis miliacea, Hydrolea ovata, Justicia americana, Polygonum pensylvanicum, P. persicaria, Ludwigia palustris, Eleocharis obtusa, E. quadrangulata, Rhynchospora corniculata, and various species of Carex. RANGE EXTENSIONS AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST This chapter covers range extensions and species having a rather restricted distribution in the area studied. Range Extensions Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britt. var. mutica (Gray) Gattinger, reported by Waterfall (1954a) for McCurtain County, was collected in early October (Means 2837) near Lake Nahih Wayia in Pushmataha County and (Means 2210) in the Poteau River valley 5 mi. (8.05 km) south of Poteau in LeFlore County. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 12 Carex lactebracteata Waterfall, a new species described by Waterfall (1954a) with the TYPE (Waterfall 11380) from a rocky wooded ridge 16.4 mi.(26.39 km) north of Broken Bow, in McCurtain County; it was collected May 1968 by the author (3252) on rocky wooded hillsides of Cucumber Creek in LeFlore County, approximately 22 mi. (35.41 km) north of the original collection site. Species of Special Interest Pinus teada L., although occurring in large stands in Southeast McCurtain County, was collected (Means 2499) as an occasional tree of mixed hardwood forest of Kiamichi River valley approximately 2 mi. (3.22 km) southeast of Tuskahoma in Pushmataha County in October. Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard, collected in August, 1965 (Means 2066) and early April, 1966 (Means 2403) in shallow water along the banks of Poteau River, near an old home site in LeFlore County. Reproduction has occurred. Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm., common further west in the grasslands, collected (Means 1521) on clay site along creek 1.5 mi. (2.41 km) east of the Latimer- LeFlore county line along Highway 270 in LeFlore County in early June, 1965. Cynosurus echinatus L., naturalized from Europe; collected (Means 2597) in open woods on a rocky hillside near a stream 1 mi. (1.61 km) south of Clayton in Pushmataha County in early June, 1968. Xyris torta J. E. Smith, var. occidentalis Malme, collected (Waterfall 10547) in a slew 1.1 mi. (1.77km) west of Talihina in Latimer County, October 14, 1951. Populus deltoides Marsh., although fairly common in central and western Oklahoma, collected (Means 2361) at the base of wooded north slope of a ridge north of Eastern Oklahoma State College at Wilburton in Latimer County, April 5, 1966. Brasenia schreberi Gmel., abundant in upper end of Lake Nanih Wayia, June 16, 1968 (Means 3608) in Pushmataha County and less commonly in a farm pond 2 mi. (3.22 km) east of Buffalo Valley School, July 13, 1968 (Means 3790) in southeastern Latimer County. Magnolia acuminata L., reported by Palmer (1924) as occurring on the lower north slopes of Rich Mountain in LeFlore County, collected in June 1932 (Stevens 2771); June 1968 (Means 3553); and May 1968 (Means 3279) only at that site, approximately 0.5 mi. (0.8 km) west of the Arkansas border in early June. Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal, indicated as common near Page, Oklahoma by Palmer (1924), collected in fruit (Means 790) in the wooded valley of Cucumber Creek in LeFlore County, August 17, 1963. Drosera annua Reed, collected (Barclay and Doty sin. Num.) May 1961, on sides of low mounds in prairie along Highway 2 approximately 4 mi. (6.44 km) north of Clayton) in Pushmataha County. Sedum nuttallianum Raf., collected May 23, 1966 (Means 2453) from a rather dense stand on a wet weather seep at the edge of a blue shale outcrop along the highway, approximately 1.2 mi. (1.93 km) west and 0.7 mi. (1.13 km) north of Tuskahoma in Pushmataha County. Ribes cynosbati L., reported by Palmer (1924) from Rich Mountain, collected (Means 2507) from mixed hardwood forest of Kiamichi River valley 0.5 mi. (0.8 km) south and 1.5 mi. (2.41 km) east of Tuskahoma in Pushmataha County, May 22, 1966 and (Means 2893) from the rocky north slope of Kiamichi Mountain 1 mi. (1.61 km) south of Big Cedar in LeFlore County, April 15, 1967. Andrachne phyllanthoides (Nutt.) Coulter, occasional shrubby plant of rock-strewn small streams, collected (Means 3656) along edge of small rocky stream 1 mi.(1.61 km) northwest of Albion in Pushmataha County, June 30, 1968. Also collected (Waterfall Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 13 8542) along rocky stream west of Talihina October 11, 1964 and (Waterfall 17171) along a rocky stream 9 mi. (14.48 km) north of Tuskahoma, August 9, 1948, both in Latimer County. Ilex opaca Ait., collected (Means 1408) May 26, 1965 and (Means 2436) April 22, 1966 in deep sandy soil of Kiamichi River valley 0.7 mi. (1.13 km) south of Big Cedar; (Clark 350) May 3, 1935 and (Stevens 1406) April 1914 in wooded valley near Page; (Means 3220) in Little River valley 6 mi. (9.65 km) southeast of Nahoba May 27, 1968; (Sellers sin.num.) July 16, 1966 9 mi. (14.48 km) northwest of Clayton in Pushmataha County. Proserpinaca palustris L., var. crebra Fern. & Grisc., collected (Means 3585) in a stream 1 mi. (1.61 km) south of Clayton in Pushmataha County, June 16, 1968. Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) BSP., collected (Means 3401) in shallow water of Fourche Maline Creek 4 mi. (6.44 km) south of Red Oak in Latimer County, May 28, 1968. Liatris elegans (Walt.) Willd., collected (Means 3944) August 26, 1968 and (Waterfall 147) July 31, 1932 in native prairie west of Albion in Pushmataha County; (Stratton 604) September 1927 and (Waterfall 15173) October 11, 1958 in prairies east of Wilburton in Latimer County. Rudbeckia maxima Nutt., collected (Means 1507) from a wet prairie site 1 mi. (1.61 km) west of Red Oak in Latimer County, June 16, 1965. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 14 TABULAR VIEW OF THE FAMILIES GENERA (G) and SPECIES AND SUBSPECIFIC TAXA (SS) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Family G SS Family G SS ___________________________________________________________________________ OSMUNDACEAE 1 1 POLYPODIACEAE 11 13 PINACEAE 3 4 TYPHACEAE 1 3 SPARGANIACEAE 1 1 ZOSTERACEAE 1 2 NAJADACEAE 1 1 ALISMATACEAE 3 6 GRAMINEAE 52 149 CYPERACEAE 6 59 ARACEAE 1 2 LEMNACEAE 2 2 XYRIDACEAE 1 2 COMMELINACEAE 2 13 JUNCACEAE 2 15 LILACEAE 14 25 AMARYLLIDACEAE 3 4 DIOSCOREACEAE 1 2 IRIDACEAE 2 3 MARANTACEAE 1 1 ORCHIDACEAE 2 4 SAURURACEAE 1 1 SALICACEAE 2 5 JUGLANDACEAE 2 8 BETULACEAE 4 4 FAGACEAE 3 19 ULMACEAE 2 4 MORACEAE 2 3 UTRICACEAE 4 4 LORANTHACEAE 1 1 ARISTOLACHIACEAE 1 1 POLYGONACEAE 5 20 CHENOPODIACEAE 2 5 AMARANTHACEAE 3 6 NYCTAGINACEAE 1 2 PHYTOLACCACEAE 1 1 AIZOACEAE 1 1 PORTULACACEAE 3 4 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 6 12 NYMPHACEAE 4 7 RANUNCULACEAE 7 16 BERBERIDACEAE 1 1 MENISPERMACEAE 2 2 MAGNOLIACEAE 1 1 ANONACEAE 1 1 LAURACEAE 2 3 PAPAVERACEAE 1 1 FUMARIACEAE 1 2 CRUCIFERAE 11 14 CAPPARIDACEAE 2 2 DROSERACEAE 1 1 CRASSULACEAE 1 1 SAXIFRAGACEAE 6 6 HAMAMELIDACEAE 2 2 PLATANACEAE 1 1 ROSACEAE 10 32 LEGUMINOSAE 25 71 GERANIACEAE 1 1 OXALIDACEAE 1 5 LINACEAE 1 2 ZYGOPHYLLACEAE 1 1 RUTACEAE 1 1 MELIACEAE 1 1 POLYGALACEAE 1 5 EUPHORBIACEAE 9 26 CALLITRICHACEAE 1 1 ANACARDIACEAE 1 5 AQUIFOLIACEAE 1 2 CELASTRACEAE 1 2 STAPHYLEACEAE 1 1 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 15 ACERACEAE 1 4 HIPPOCASTANACEAE 1 1 SAPINDACEAE 1 1 BALSAMINACEAE 1 1 RHAMNACEAE 3 4 VITACEAE 4 11 TILIACEAE 1 3 MALVACEAE 5 8 GUTTIFERAE 2 9 CISTACEAE 1 2 VIOLACEAE 1 15 PASSIFLORACEAE 1 3 CACTACEAE 1 2 LYTHRACEAE 3 3 MELASTOMACEAE 1 1 ONAGRACEAE 4 15 HALORAGACEAE 2 4 UMBELLIFERAE 17 21 CORNACEAE 1 3 NYSSACEAE 1 1 ERICACEAE 3 6 PRIMULACEAE 3 3 SAPOTACEAE 1 1 EBENACEAE 1 2 STYRACACEAE 1 1 OLEACEAE 2 3 LOGANIACEAE 3 3 GENTIANACEAE 2 4 APOCYNACEAE 3 4 ASCLEPIADACEAE 2 12 CONVOLVULACEAE 3 12 POLEMONIACEAE 2 3 HYDROPHYLLACEAE 3 5 BORAGINACEAE 5 5 VERBENACEAE 2 7 LABIATAE 18 28 SOLANACEAE 3 15 SCROPHULARIACEAE 15 27 BIGNONIACEAE 2 2 LENTIBULARIACEAE 1 1 ACANTHACEAE 3 6 PHRYMACEAE 1 1 PLANTAGINACEAE 1 5 RUBIACEAE 5 11 CAPRIFOLIACEAE 4 7 VALERIANACEAE 1 4 CUCURBITACEAE 2 2 CAMPANULACEAE 2 8 COMPOSITAE 56 137 ___________________________________ TOTALS 457 1067 Out of a total of 119 families, the ten families with the largest number of species and subspecies are as follows: GRAMINEAE 52 149 COMPOSITAE 56 137 LEGUMINOSAE 25 71 CYPERACEAE 6 59 ROSACEAE 10 32 LABIATAE 18 28 SCROPHULARIACEAE 15 27 EUPHORBIACEAE 9 26 UMBELLIFERAE 17 21 POLYGONACEAE 5 20 ___________________________________ TOTALS 213 570 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 16 SUMMARY After moving to Eastern Oklahoma State College as Instructor in Botany and becoming aware of the variety in the local flora, the author began an extensive study of the northern Ouachita Highlands. The author has authenticated approximately 4,500 sheets which have been processed according to standard herbarium procedures. The first set has been placed in the Herbarium of Oklahoma State University with duplicates going to Eastern Oklahoma State College at Wilburton, Oklahoma. Monographs, revisions, and other taxonomic literature from the Oklahoma State University Library and the personal libraries of Dr. U.T. Waterfall and the author were used in the identification of the specimens. A total of 1067 species and subspecific taxa representing 457 genera and 119 familes were identified. The families having the greatest number of species and subordinate taxa were Gramineae 149, Compositae 137, Leguminosae 71, Cyperaceae 59, Rosaceae 32, Labiatae 28, Scrophularaceae 27, Euphorbiaceae 26, Umbelliferae 21, and Polygonaceae 20. These 10 families contain 53% of the total species and subordinate taxa. In 1969, no taxa were reported as new records for the state, although 17 species were listed as range extensions or of special interest due to their limited distribution. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his appreciation to each member of his committee for their interest shown and guidance given. He is especially grateful to the chairman, Dr. U.T. Waterfall for his patience, continued interest and the use of his personal library and card index of research literature. LITERATURE CITED Aellen, Paul and Theodor Just. 1934. Key and synopsis of the American species of the genus Chenopodium L. Am. Midl. Nat. 30:47- 76. Bailey, L.H. 1932. The blackberries of North America. Gentes Herb. 2(6):397-423. Bailey, L H. 1945. The genus Rubus in North America. Gentes Herb. 5(9):591-856. Barneby, Rupert C. 1964. Atlas of North American Astragalus. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 13. I:1- 596, II:597-1188. Beetle, Alan Ackerman. 1947. Scirpus. N. Am. Fl. 18(8):481-504. Benson, Lyman. 1948. A treatise of the North American Ranunculi. Am. Midl. Nat. 40:1- 261. Boivin, Bernard. 1944. American Thalictra and their Old World allies. Rhod. 46:335-349, 469-471, 480-483. Britton, N.L. and J.N. Rose. 1919-1923. The Cactacae. Carnegie Inst. Washington.Vol.1-4. Bruner, W.E. 1931. The vegetation of Oklahoma. Ecological Monographs I, (2):101- 188. Butler, G.D. 1878. A list of some of the most interesting species of plants collected in the Indian Territory. Bot. Gaz., 3:65-68, 74-78. Butters, F.K. and E C. Abbe. 1940. The American varieties of Rorippa islandica. Rhod. 42:25-32. Clewell, A.F. 1966. Native North American species of Lespedeza (Leguminosae). Rhod. 68:359-405. Core, Earl L. 1941. The North American species of Paronychia. Am. Midl. Nat. 26:269- 398. Correll, Donovan S. 1956. Ferns and fern allies of Texas. Contr. Texas Research Foundation 2:1-188. Cronquist, Arthur. 1947. Revision of the North American species of Erigeron, north of Mexico. Britt. 6(2):121-302. Dott, Robert H. 1928. Pensylvanian paleogeography with special reference to South-Central Oklahoma. Okla. Geol. Surv. Bul. No. 40:51-68. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 17 Erickson, Ralph O. 1943. Taxonomy of Clematis section Viorna. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 30:1-30. Ernst, W.R. 1963. The genera of Capparidaceae and Moringaceae of the South East United States. Journ. Arn. Arb. 44(1):81-95. Featherly, H.I. 1946. Manual of the grasses of Oklahoma. Bul. Okla. A. & M. College 43(21):1-137. Fellows, L.D. 1964. Geology of the western part of the Winding Stair Range, Latimer and LeFlore counties, Oklahoma. Okla. Geol. Surv. Circ. 65:1-102. Ferguson, A.M. 1901. Crotons of the United States. Rept. Mo. Bot. Gard. 12:33-74. Fernald, M.L. 1922. Notes on Sparganium. Rhod. 24:26-33. _____. 1931. Potentilla canadensis and Potentilla simplex. Rhod. 33:180-191. _____. 1932. The linear-leaved North American species of Potamogeton section Axillares. Mem. Am. Acad. Arts & Sciences 17:1-183. _____. 1933. Types of some American species of Elymus. Rhod. 35:187-198. _____. 1934. Draba in temperate northeastern America. Rhod. 36:241-261, 285-305, 314- 344, 353-371, 392-404. _____. 1938a. VIII New species, varieties and transfers. Rhod. 40:334-338. _____. 1938b. Noteworthy plants of southeastern Virginia. Rhod. 40:439-440. _____. 1950. Gray’s manual of botany. 8 th ed. New York: American Book Company. Gaiser, L.O. 1946. The genus Liatris. Rhod. 48:163-412. Goodman, George J. 1950. A new variety of Saxifraga. Rhod. 52:183. Gray, Fenton and H.M. Galloway. 1959. Soils of Oklahoma. Okla. State Univ. Exp. Sta. Misc. Pub. MP-56. Harlow, W.M. 1931. The identification of the pines of the United States, native and introduced, by needle structure. New York State Coll. of Forestry Bul. 4(2a):11-21. Hermann, Frederick J. 1946. The perennial species of Utrica in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. Am. Midl. Nat. 35:773-778. Hitchock, A.S. and Agnes Chase. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States. 2 nd ed. U. S. Govt. Print. Off. Hitchock, C. Leo. 1936. The genus Lepidium in the United States. Madrona 3:265-320. Hopkins, Milton. 1938. Arabis in eastern and central North America. Rhod. 39:63-76, 155- 167, 175-179. _____. 1942. Cercis in North America. Rhod. 44:193-211. Hotchkiss, N. and H.L. Dozier. 1949. Taxonomy and distribution of the North American cattails. Am. Midl. Nat. 41:237- 254. House, Homer D. 1908. The North American species of the genus Ipomoea. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 18:181-263. Isley, Duane. 1955. The Leguminosae of the North-Central United States II. Hedysareae. Iowa State Coll. Jour. Sci. 30(1):33-118. Kearney, T.H. 1955. A tentative key to the North American species of Abutilon miller. Leafl. West. Bot. 7(10):241-254. Larisey, Mary Maxine. 1940. A monograph on the genus Baptisia. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 27:119-244. Mackenzie, K.K. 1931. Cyperaceae. N. Am. Fl. 18(1-7):1-478. Mathias, M.E. and L. Constance. 1945. Umbelliferae. N. Am. Flora 28b:43-295. Miser, Hugh D. 1954. Geologic map of the State of Oklahoma. Dept. Inter. U. S. Geol. Surv. Munz, Phillip A. 1965. Onagraceae. N. Am. Flora II 5:1-278. McClintock, Elizabeth and Carl Epling. 1942. A revision of the genus Monarda (Labiatae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 29(2):147-192. McCoy, Doyle. 1954. The genus Lythrum in Oklahoma. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 33:156-158. McGregor, R.L. 1950. Two varieties of Cystopteris fragilis. Am. Fern Jour. 40:201-207. McKelvey, Susan Delano. 1955. Botanical exploration of the trans-Mississippi West 1790-1850. Arn. Arb., Harvard Univ. 1144. pp. McVaugh, Roger. 1943. Campanulaceae (Lobelioideae). N. Am. Flora 32A:36-82. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 18 Ogden, E.C. 1945. The broad-leaved species of Potamogeton of North America north of Mexico. Rhod. 45:57-105, 119-163, 171-214. Ownbey, Gerald B. 1947. A monograph of the North American species of Corydalis. An. Mo. Bot. Gard. 34(3):187-252. Ownbey, Marion and Hannan C. Case. 1955. Cytotaxonomic studies in Allium. 1. The Allium canadense Alliance. Research Studies of State Coll. of Wash. Monographic Sup. 1:1-106. Palmer, E.J. 1924. The ligneous flora of Rich Mountain, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Journ. Arn. Arb. 5:108-134. _____. 1931. Conspectus of the genus Amorpha. Journ. Arn. Arb. 12:159-196. _____. 1932. Leaves from a collector’s note book. Journ. Arn. Arb. 13:436. Payson, Edwin B. 1918. The North American species of Aquilegia. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herbarium 20(4):133-159. Pennell, Francis W. 1935. Scrophylariaceae of eastern temperate North America. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Monog. 1. Perry, Lilly M. 1937. Variants in two species of Dephinium (D. carolinianum and D. virescens). Rhod. 39: 20-22. Perude, Robert E., Jr. 1957. Synopsis of Rudbeckia subgenus Rudbeckia. Rhod. 59:293- 299. Russell, Norman H. 1965. Violets of central and eastern United States: An introductory survey. Sida 2(1):1-113. Rydberg, Per Axel. 1913. Agrimonia. N. Am. Flora 22(5):391-396. Sargent, C.S. 1922. Manual of the trees of North America. 2 vols. Dover Pub. Inc. N. Y. Shinners, Lloyd H. 1946. Revision of the genus Kuhnia. Wrightia 1(2):122-144. _____. 1947. Revision of the genus Krigia. Wrightia 1(3):187-206. _____. 1951. Agave lata, a new species from North Texas and Oklahoma. Field and Lab. 19:171-173. Snider, L.C. 1917. Geography of Oklahoma. Okla. Geol. Surv. Bul. 27:23-325. Standley, Paul C. 1917. Amaranthaceae. N. Am. Flora 21(2):96-167. Stanford, E.E. 1926. Polygonum hydropiperoides and Polygonum opelousanum. Rhod. 28:23-27. Stevens, G.W. and C.W. Shannon. 1917. Plant life in Oklahoma. Okla. Geol. Surv. Bul. 27:215-246. Steyermark, Julian A. 1941. A study of Arenaria patula. Rhod. 43:325-333. Svenson, Henry Knut. 1957. Eleocharis. N. Am. Flora 18(9):509-540. Thwaites, Reuben G. 1905. Nuttall’s travels into the Arkansa Territory, 1819. Early western travels 1748-1846. Vol 13:199-227. Turner, B.L. 1950. Vegetative key to Texas Desmanthus (Leguminosae) and similar genera. Field and Lab. 18(2):51-65. _____. 1951. Revision of the United States species of Neptunia. Am. Midl. Nat. 46:82-92. _____. 1955. The Cassia fasciculata complex (Leguminosae) in Texas. Field and Lab. 23(3- 4):87-91. Tryon, R.M., Jr. 1941. A revision of the genus Pteridium. Rhod. 43:1-31, 37-67. Tryon, Alice F. 1957. A revision of the fern genus Pellaea section Pellaea. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 44:125-148. Wahlgren, Harry F. 1941. Climate of Oklahoma. Climate and man. U.S.D.A. Yearbook of Agri. 1941:1065-1074. Waterfall, U.T. 1950. Some additions to the Oklahoma flora. Rhod. 52:35. _____. 1951. The genus Callirhoe (Malvaceae) in Texas. Field and Lab. 19(3):107-119. _____. 1954a. A new species of Carex (section Phyllostachyae from Oklahoma. Rhod. 56(661):21-23. _____. 1954b. Studies in the composition and distribution of the Oklahoma flora-XXI. Rhod. 56 (667):157-162. _____. 1966. Keys to the flora of Oklahoma. Stillwater Okla. Privately published. _____. 1967. Physalis in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. Rhod. 69:82- 329. Weatherby, C.A. 1927. The group of Acalypha virginica in eastern North America. Rhod. 29:193-204. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 19 Webber, John M. 1953. Yuccas of the Southwest. U.S.D.A. Agri. Monograph 17:1- 73. Wheeler, L.C. 1941. Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce in Canada and the United States exclusive of southern Florida. Rhod. 43:97- 154, 168-205, 223-286. Wherry, E.T. 1955. The genus Phlox. Philadelphia: Morris Arboretum. Wilbur, R.L. and H.S. Daoud. 1961. The genus Lechea (Cistaceae) in the southeastern United States. Rhod. 63:103-118. Woodson, Robert E., Jr. 1942. Commentary on the North American genera of Commelinaceae. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 29:141- 154. _____. 1954. The North American species of Asclepias L. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 41(1):1-211. Yunkers, Truman G. 1943. Genus Cuscuta, Convolvulaceae. Fl. of Texas 3(2):123-150. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 20 APPENDIX Updated Flora of Southeastern Oklahoma from the Sans Bois to the Kiamichi Mountains. Editor’s note: Originally this listing followed the Engler-Prantl system for families, as used in the Keys to Flora of Oklahoma (Waterfall 1966). Nomenclature has been revised according to the National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA (http://plants.usda.gov) and organized based on the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, Missouri Botanical Gardens http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/) Accessed December 2009. [EM] FERNS ASPLENIACEAE Asplenium pinnatifidum Nutt. Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. pseudocaudatum (Clute) A. Heller DRYOPTERIDACEAE Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth. ssp. asplenioides (Michx.) Hultén Cystopteris tennesseensis Shaver [syn = Cystopteris fragilis var. simulans] Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A. Gray Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray POLYPODIACEAE Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weath.) Andrews & Windham PTERIDACEAE Adianthum pedatum L. Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C. Eaton [syn = Cheilanthes vestita] Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link GYMNOSPERMS CUPRESSACEAE Juniperus virginiana L. Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. PINACEAE Pinus echinata Mill. Pinus taeda L. BASAL ANGIOSPERMS ANNONACEAE Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Aristolochia tomentosa Sims LAURACEAE Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume var. benzoin Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees. [syn = Sassafras albidum var. molle] MAGNOLIACEAE Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. NYMPHACEAE Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Nelumbo lutea Willd. Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. advena (Aiton) Kartesz & Gandhi [syn = Nuphar advena, Nuphar advena var. tomentosa, Nuphar ovata, Nuphar ozarkana] Nymphaea odorata Aiton SAURURACEAE Saururus cernuus L. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 21 MONOCOTS AGAVACEAE Manfreda virginica (L.) Salisb. ex Rose [syn = Agave lata, Agave virginica] ALISMATACEAE Alisma plantago-aquatica L. Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. Sagittaria ambigua J. G. Sm. Sagittaria graminea Michx. Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J. G. Sm. ARACEAE Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. ssp. triphyllum [syn = Arisaema atrorubens] COMMELINACEAE Commelina communis L. Commelina diffusa Burm. f. Commelina erecta L. var. angustifolia (Michx.) Fernald Commelina erecta L. var. deamiana Fernald Commelina erecta L. var. erecta Commelina virginica L. Tradescantia ernestiana E.S. Anderson & Woodson Tradescantia hirsuticaulis Small Tradescantia hirsutiflora Bush Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. Tradescantia tharpii E.S. Anderson & Woodson CYPERACEAE Carex amphibola Steud. Carex annectens (E.P. Bicknell) E.P. Bicknell Carex bicknellii Britton Carex blanda Dewey Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. Carex bushii Mack. [syn = Carex caroliniana var. cuspidata] Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd. Carex crinita Lam. var. brevicrinis Fernald Carex crus-corvi Shuttlw. ex Kunze Carex flaccosperma Dewey Carex frankii Kunth Carex gravida L.H. Bailey var. lunelliana (Mack) F.J. Herm. Carex hyalina Boott Carex joori L.H. Bailey Carex laevivaginata (Kük.) Mack. Carex latebracteata Waterf. Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex Dewey Carex lurida Wahlenb. Carex meadii Dewey Carex microrhyncha Mack. Carex muhlenbergii Schkuhr ex Willd. var. enervis Boott Carex oklahomensis Mack. [syn = Carex stipata var. oklahomensis] Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook. Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd. Carex squarrosa L. Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd. var. stipata Carex texensis (Torr.) L. H. Bailey Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. ex Torr. Cyperus echinatus (L.) Alph. Wood [syn = Cyperus ovularis var. sphaericus] Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.) Marcks ssp. lupulinus Cyperus strigosus L. Cyperus virens Michx. Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. var. acicularis Eleocharis compressa Sull. var. acutisquamata (Buckley) S.G. Sm. [syn = Eleocharis acutisquamata] Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schult. Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult. Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roem. & Schult. Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl. Fimbristylis thermalis S. Watson [syn = Fimbristylis spadicea] Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link. Isolepis carinata Hook. & Arn. ex Torr. [syn = Scirpus koilolepis] Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 22 Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. [syn = Cyperus brevifolius] Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.) Vahl. Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) A. Gray Rhynchospora glomerata (L.) Vahl. Rhynchospora harveyi Wm. Boott Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr. ex A. Gray Rhynchospora recognita (Gale) Kral [syn = Rhynchospora globularis var. recognita] Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volkart ex Schinz & R. Keller [syn = Scirpus americanus] Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla [syn = Scirpus californicus] Scirpus atrovirens Willd. Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Scirpus lineatus Michx. DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea quaternata J.F. Gmel. [syn = Dioscorea villosa var. glabrifolia] IRIDACEAE Iris cristata Aiton Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. Sisyrinchium campestre E.P. Bicknell JUNCACEAE Juncus acuminatus Michx. Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. Juncus bufonius L. Juncus coriaceus Mack. Juncus diffusissimus Buckley Juncus effusus L. var. solutus Fernald & Wiegand Juncus interior Wiegand Juncus marginatus Rostk. Juncus repens Michx. Juncus scirpoides Lam. Juncus tenuis Willd. Juncus validus Coville var. validus [syn = Juncus crassifolius] Luzula bulbosa (Alph. Wood) Smyth & Smyth Luzula echinata (Small) F.J. Herm. LILIACEAE Aletris farinosa L. Allium canadense L. var. canadense Allium canadense L. var. fraseri Ownbey Allium canadense L. var. hyacinthoides (Bush) Ownbey & Aase Allium canadense L. var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey Allium perdulce S.V. Fraser Allium vineale L. ssp. compactum (Thuill.) Coss & Germ. Amianthium muscitoxicum (Walter) A. Gray Camassia angusta (Engelm. & A. Gray) Blank. Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory Cooperia drummondii Herbert [syn = Zephyranthes brazosensis] Erythronium albidum Nutt. Erythronium americanum Ker Gawl. Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Maiathemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. racemosum [syn = Smilacina racemosa var. cylindrata] Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot var. commutatum (Schult. & Schult. f.) Morong [syn = Polygonatum canaliculatum] Smilax bona-nox L. Smilax glauca Walter Smilax herbacea L. Smilax tamnoides L. Trillium viride Beck Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Veratrum woodii J.W. Robbins ex Alph. Wood Yucca glauca Nutt. Zigadenus nuttallii (A. Gray) S. Watson LEMNACEAE Lemna valdiviana Phil. Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. MARANTACEAE Thalia dealbata Fraser ex Roscoe NAJADACEAE Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 23 ORCHIDACEAE Calopogon tuberosus (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. tuberosus [syn = Calopogon pulchellus] Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. Spiranthes tuberosa Raf. Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & A. Gray POACEAE Agrostis stolonifera L. [syn = Agrostis alba] Agrostis elliottiana Schult. Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuck. Aira elegans Willd. ex Kunth. Alopecurus carolinianus Walter Andropogon gerardii Vitman Andropogon glomeratus (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. glomeratus [syn = Andropogon virginicus var. abbreviatus] Andropogon gyrans Ashe var. gyrans [syn = A. elliottii] Andropogon ternarius Michx. Andropogon virginicus L. var. virginicus Aristida dichotoma Michx. var. curtissii Gray Aristida dichotoma Michx. var. dichotoma Aristida longespica Poir. Aristida oligantha Michx. Aristida purpurascens Poir. Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl. Axonopus festifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm. [syn = Axonopus affinis] Bothriochloa barbinodis Lag. [syn = Andropogon barbinodis] Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. [syn = Andropogon saccharoides] Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) J.T. Columbus [syn = Buchloe dactyloides] Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb. ex Spreng.) P. Beauv. Bromus arvensis L. [syn = Bromus japonicus] Bromus catharticus Vahl Bromus hordeaceus L. ssp. hordeaceus [syn = Bromus mollis] Bromus inermis Leyss. Bromus kalmii A. Gray [syn = Bromus purgans] Bromus secalinus L. Bromus tectorum L. Cenchrus spinifex Cav. [syn = Cenchrus incertus, Cenchrus pauciflorus] Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates [syn = Uniola latifolia] Chasmanthium laxum (L.) Yates [syn = Uniola laxa] Chasmanthium sesiliflorum (Poir.) Yates [syn = Uniola sessiliflora] Chloris verticillata Nutt. Chloris virgata Sw. Cinna arundinaceae L. Coelorachis cylindrica (Michx.) Nash [syn = Manisuris cylindrica] Cynosurus echinatus L. Dactylis glomerata L. Danthonia spicata (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg [syn = Diarrhena americana var. obovata] Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann [syn = Panicum lanuginosum var. fasciculatum] Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark var. lindheimeri (Nash) & C.A. Clark [syn = Panicum lanuginosum var. lindheimeri] Dichanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark [syn = Panicum boscii] Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould var. dichotomum [syn = Panicum dichotomum] Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould [syn = Panicum laxiflorum] Dichanthelium linearifolium (Scribn. ex Nash) Gould Dichanthelium malacophyllum (Nash) Gould [syn = Panicum malacophyllum] Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Schult.) Gould var. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould [syn = Panicum oligosanthes var. helleri, Panicum oligosanthes var. scribnerianum] Dichanthelium scoparium (Lam.) Gould [syn = Panicum scoparium] Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Elliot) Gould var. isophyllum (Scribn.) Gould & C.A. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 24 Clark [syn = Panicum microcarpon, Panicum polyanthes] Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Elliot) Gould var. sphaerocarpon [syn = Panicum sphaerocarpon] Dichanthelium villosissimum (Nash) Freckmann var. praecocius (Hitch. & Chase) Freckmann [syn = Panicum praecocius] Dichanthelium wilcoxianum (Vasey) Freckmann [syn = Panicum wilcoxianum] Digitaria villosa (Walter) Pers. [syn = Digitaria filiformis var. villosa] Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Digitaria violascens Link Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Elymus canadensis L. Elymus hystrix L. var. hystrix [syn = Hystrix patula] Elymus interruptus Buckley Elymus submuticus (Hook.) Smyth & Smyth [syn = Elymus virginicus var. submuticus] Elymus virginicus L. var. virginicus [syn = Elymus virginicus var. glabriflorus, Elymus virginicus var. jejunus] Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees Eragrostis frankii C.A. Mey. ex Steud. Eragrostis hirsuta (Michx.) Nees Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Eragrostis intermedia Hitchc. Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trin. [syn = Eragrostis glomerata] Eragrostis minor Host [syn = Eragrostis poaeoides] Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Alph. Wood Eriochloa contracta Hitchc. Festuca paradoxa Desv. Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) Alexeev [syn = Festuca obtusa] Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Hordeum pusillum Nutt. Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. Leersia virginica Willd. Leptochloa panicea (Retz) Ohwi ssp. brachiata (Steud.) N. Snow [syn = Leptochloa filiformis] Lolium perenne L. Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiforum (Lam.) Husnot [syn = Lolium multiflorum] Melica mutica Walter Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl. ex Willd.) Trin. Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Kunth.) Trin. Panicum anceps Michx. Panicum brachyanthum Steud. Panicum capillare L. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. rigidulum [syn = Panicum agrostoides] Panicum virgatum L. Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Paspalum dissectum (L.) L. Paspalum distichum L. Paspalum floridanum Michx. Paspalum laeve Michx. Paspalum setaceum Michx. Paspalum urvillei Steud. Phalaris canariensis L. Phalaris caroliniana Walter Piptochaetium avenaceum (L.) Parodi [syn = Stipa avenacea] Poa annua L. Poa pratensis L. Poa sylvestris A. Gray Saccharum brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. var. contortum (Elliot) R. Webster [syn = Erianthus contortus] Saccharum giganteum (Walter) Pers. [syn = Erianthus giganteus] Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv. [syn = Festuca elatior] Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash var. scoparium [syn = Andropogon scoparius] Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 25 Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen [syn = Setaria geniculata] Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. ssp. pumila [syn = Setaria glauca] Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Sporobolus clandestinus (Biehler) Hitchc. [syn = Sporobolus asper var. canovirens] Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Merr. var. macer (Trin.) Kartesz & Gandhi [syn = Sporobolus asper var. macer] Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. indicus [syn = Sporobolus poiretii] Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc. Sporobolus vaginiflorus (Torr. ex A. Gray) Alph. Wood var. vaginiflorus Steinchisma hians (Elliot) Nash [syn = Panicum hians] Tridens flavus (L.) Hitchc. Tridens strictus (Nutt.) Nash Triplasis purpurea (Walter) Chapm. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. Urochloa platyphylla (Munro ex C. Wright) R.D. Webster [syn = Brachiaria platyphylla] Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel. [syn = Festuca myuros] Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. var. octoflora [syn = Festuca octoflora] Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Döll & Asch. POTOMOGETONACEAE Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. Potamogeton pulcher Tuck. SPARGANIACEAE Sparganium americanum Nutt. TYPHACEAE Typha angustifolia L. Typha domingensis Pers. Typha latifolia L. XYRIDACEAE Xyris difformis Chapm. Xyris torta Sm. EUDICOTS BERBERIDACEAE Podophyllum peltatum L. FUMARIACEAE Corydalis crystallina Engelm. Corydalis micrantha (Engelm. ex A. Gray) A. Gray MENISPERMACEAE Calycocarpum lyonii (Pursh) A. Gray Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. PAPAVERACEAE Sanguinaria canadensis L. PLATANACEAE Platanus occidentalis L. RANUNCULACEAE Anemone berlandieri Pritz. [syn = Anemone decapetala] Anemone caroliniana Walter Aquilegia canadensis L. Clematis pitcheri Torr. & A. Gray Clematis versicolor Small ex Rydb. Delphinium carolinianum Walter Delphinium tricorne Michx. Delphinium wootonii Rydb. [syn = Delphinium virescens] Ranunculus abortivus L. Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & A. Gray) Darby Ranunculus micranthus Nutt. Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall. Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Spach. [syn = Anemonella thalictroides] Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 26 ROSIDS ACERACEAE Acer negundo L. var. negundo Acer rubrum L. Acer saccharum Marsh. ANACARDIACEAE Rhus aromatica Aiton var. aromatica Rhus copallinum L. var. latifolia Engl. Rhus glabra L. Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze ssp. radicans [syn = Rhus radicans] Toxicodendron pubescens Mill. [syn = Rhus toxicodendron] BETULACEAE Alnus serrulata (Aiton) Willd. Betula nigra L. Carpinus caroliniana Walter Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch var. virginiana BRASSICACEAE Arabis canadensis L. Arabis missouriensis Greene Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. [syn = Dentaria laciniata] Cardamine parviflora L. var. arenicola (Britton) O. E. Schulz Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. Draba brachycarpa Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. Lepidium virginicum L. Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser ssp. fernaldiana (Butters & Abbe) Jonsell [syn = Rorippa islandica ssp. fernaldiana] Selenia aurea Nutt. Sibara virginica (L.) Rollins Streptanthus maculatus Nutt. Thlaspi arvense L. CAPPARACEAE Cleome spinosa Jacq. Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. ssp. trachysperma (Torr. & A. Gray) Iltis CELASTRACEAE Euonymus americanus L. Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. CISTACEAE Lechea mucronata Raf. Lechea tenuifolia Michx. CLUSIACEAE Hypericum densiflorum Pursh Hypericum lobocarpum Gattinger ex J.M. Coult. [syn = Hypericum densiflorum var. lobocarpum, Hypericum oklahomense] Hypericum drummondii (Grev. & Hook.) Torr. & A. Gray Hypericum gentianoides (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz ssp. hypericoides [syn = Ascyrum hypericoides] Hypericum mutilum L. Hypericum prolificum L. [syn = Hypericum spathulatum] Hypericum pseudomaculatum Bush Hypericum punctatum Lam. Triadenum tubulosum (Walter) Gleason CRASSULACEAE Penthorum sedoides L. Sedum nuttallianum Raf. CUCURBITACEAE Melothria pendula L. Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth EUPHORBIACEAE Acalypha gracilens A. Gray [syn = Acalypha gracilens var. fraseri] Acalypha monococca (Engelm. ex A. Gray) Lill. W. Mill. & Gandhi [syn = Acalypha gracilens ssp. monococca] Acalypha virginica L. Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small [syn = Euphorbia supina] Chamaesyce missurica (Raf.) Shinners [syn = Euphorbia missurica] Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small [syn = Euphorbia nutans] Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 27 Chamaesyce prostrata (Aiton) Small [syn = Euphorbia prostrata] Cnidoscolus texanus (Müll. Arg.) Small Croton capitatus Michx. var. capitatus Croton capitatus Michx. var. lindheimeri (Engelm. and A. Gray) Müll. Arg. Croton glanulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müll. Arg. Croton lindheimerianus Scheel Croton michauxii G.L. Webster [syn = Crotonopsis linearis] Croton monanthogynus Michx. Euphorbia cyathophora Murray [syn = Euphorbia heterophylla var. graminifolia] Euphorbia dentata Michx. var. dentata Euphorbia pubentissima Michx. [syn = Euphorbia corollata var. paniculata] Euphorbia spathulata Lam. [syn = Euphorbia obtusata] Euphorbia tetrapora Engelm. Leptopus phyllanthoides (Nutt.) G.L. Webster [syn = Andrachne phyllanthoides] Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter Stillingia sylvatica L. Tragia betonicifolia Nutt. FABACEAE Amorpha fruticosa L. [syn = Amorpha virgata] Amorpha laevigata Nutt. Apios americana Medik. Astragalus canadensis L. Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. var. crassicarpus Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. var. trichocalyx (Nutt.) Barneby Astragalus distortus Torr. & A. Gray var. distortus Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. var. macrophylla (Larisey) Isely [syn = Baptisia leucantha] Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. var. minor (Lehm.) Fernald Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Elliot var. leucophaea (Nutt.) Kartesz & Gandhi [syn = Baptisia leucophaea, Baptisia leucophaea var. glabrescens] Baptisia nuttalliana Small Baptisia spaerocarpa Nutt. Baptisia stricta Nutt. Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene var. fasciculata [syn = Cassia fasciculata, Cassia fasciculata var. rostrata] Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench ssp. nictitans var. nictitans Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis Clitoria mariana L. Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. var. candida Dalea purpurea Vent. Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Alph. Wood Desmodium laevigatum (Nutt.) DC. Desmodium marilandicum (L.) DC. Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. Desmodium obtusum (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. [syn = Desmodium rigidum] Desmodium perplexum B.G. Schub. [syn = Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii] Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. var. paniculatum Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr.) Torr. & A. Gray Galactia volubilis (L.) Britt. Gleditsia triacanthos L. Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino [syn = Lespedeza stipulacea] Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. [syn = Lespedeza striata] Lathyrus latifolius L. Lathyrus pusillus Elliot Lespedeza capitata Michx. Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. ssp. hirta Lespedeza procumbens Michx. Lespedeza repens (L.) W. Bartram Lespedeza stuevei Nutt. [syn = Lespedeza stuevei var. angustifolia] Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britt. Mimosa microphylla Dryand. [syn = Schrankia uncinata] Neptunia lutea (Leavenworth) Benth. Orbexilum pedunculatum (Mill.) Rydb. var. pedunculatum [syn = Psoralea psoralioides var. eglandulosa] Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 28 Orbexilum simplex (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) Rydb. [syn = Psoralea simplex] Psoralidium tenuiflora (Pursh) Rydb. [syn = Psoralea tenuiflora] Rynchosia latifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray Robinia pseudoacacia L. Securigera varia (L.) Lassen [syn = Coronilla varia] Senna marilandica (L.) Link [syn = Cassia marilandica] Senna occidentalis (L.) Link [syn = Cassia occidentalis] Strophostyles helvola (L.) Elliot Strophostyles leiosperma (Torr. & A. Gray) Piper Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britton Stylosanthes biflora (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. [syn = Stylosanthes biflora var. hispidissima] Tephrosia onobrychoides Nutt. Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. [syn = Tephrosia virginiana var. holosericea] Trifolium arvense L. Trifolium carolinianum Michx. Trifolium dubium Sibth. Trifolium incarnatum L. Trifolium pratense L. Trifolium reflexum L. Vicia caroliniana Walter Vicia minutiflora F.G Dietr. FAGACEAE Castanea pumila (L.) Mill. var. ozarkensis (Ashe) Tucker [syn = Castanea ozarkensis] Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Quercus alba L. Quercus coccinea Münchh. Quercus falcata Michx. [syn = Quercus falcata var. triloba] Quercus lyrata Walter Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Quercus marilandica Münchh. Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. Quercus nigra L. Quercus pagoda Raf. [syn = Quercus falcata var. pagodifolia] Quercus palustris Münchh. Quercus phellos L. Quercus rubra L. var. ambigua (A. Gray) Fernald [syn = Quercus rubra var. borealis] Quercus shumardii Buckley var. shumardii Quercus shumardii Buckley var. schneckii (Britton) Sarg. Quercus stellata Wangenh. Quercus velutina Lam. GERANIACEAE Geranium carolinianum L. GROSSULARIACEAE Itea virginica L. Ribes cynosbati L. HALORAGACEAE Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. [syn = Myriophyllum brasiliense] Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Proserpinaca palustris L. var. crebra Fernald & Grisc. HAMAMELIDACEAE Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. Liquidambar styraciflua L. HIPPOCASTANACEAE Aesculus glabra Willd. JUGLANDACEAE Carya alba (L.) Nutt. [syn = Carya tomentosa] Carya aquatica (Michx. f.) Nutt. Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Carya myristiciformis (Michx. f.) Nutt. Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch Carya texana Buckley Juglans nigra L. LINACEAE Linum medium (Planch.) Britton var. texanum (Planch.) Fernald Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 29 Linum sulcatum Riddell LYTHRACEAE Didiplis diandra (Nutt. ex DC.) Alph. Wood [syn = Peplis diandra] Lythrum alatum Pursh var. alatum Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne MALVACEAE Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Callirhoe alcaeoides (Michx.) A. Gray Callirhoe pedata (Nutt. ex Hook.) A. Gray [syn = Callirhoe digitata var. stipulata] Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav. Hibiscus laevis All. [syn = Hibiscus militaris] Malva pusilla L. [syn = Malva rotundifolia] Sida rhombifolia L. Sida spinosa L. MELASTOMATACEAE Rhexia mariana L. var. interior (Pennell) Kral & Bostick [syn = Rhexia interior] MELIACEAE Melia azedarach L. MORACEAE Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C.K. Schneid. Morus alba L. Morus rubra L. ONAGRACEAE Gaura longiflora Spach [syn = Gaura filiformis] Gaura sinuata Nutt. ex Ser. Ludwigia alternifolia L. Ludwigia decurrens Walter [syn = Jussiaea decurrens] Ludwigia glandulosa Walter ssp. glandulosa Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliot Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H. Raven ssp. peploides [syn = Jussiaea peploides] Oenothera elata Kunth. ssp. hirsutissima (A. Gray ex S. Watson) W. Dietr. [syn = Oenothera biennis var. hirsutissima] Oenothera fruticosa L. Oenothera laciniata Hill Oenothera linifolia Nutt. Oenothera speciosa Nutt. Oenothera villosa Thunb. ssp. villosa [syn = Oenothera biennis var. canescens] OXALIDACEAE Oxalis corniculata L. Oxalis stricta L. Oxalis violacea L. PASSIFLORACEAE Passiflora incarnata L. Passiflora lutea L. POLYGALACEAE Polygala incarnata L. Polygala polygama Walter Polygala sanguinea L. Polygala verticillata L., var. isocycla Fernald RHAMNACEAE Berchemia scandens (Hill.) K. Koch Ceanothus americanus L. Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. var. pubescens (T. & G.) Shinners Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray [syn = Rhamnus caroliniana] ROSACEAE Agrimonia parviflora Aiton Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fernald Crataegus crus-galli L. Crataegus marshallii Eggl. Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) Koch. [syn = Crataegus mackenziei] Crataegus punctata Jacq. [syn = Crataegus collina] Crataegus spathulata Michx. Crataegus uniflora Münchh. Crataegus viridis L. Geum canadense Jacq. var. canadense Geum canadense Jacq. var. texanum Fernald & Weath. Gillenia stipulata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Baill. Potentilla simplex Michx. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 30 Prunus americana Marsh., var. americana Prunus angustifolia Marsh. Prunus mexicana S. Watson Prunus munsoniana W. Wright & Hedrick Prunus serotina Ehrh. Rosa carolina L. Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray Rosa setigera Michx. var. setigera Rosa setigera Michx. var. tomentosa Torr. & A. Gray Rubus aboriginum Rydb. Rubus argutus Link. [syn = Rubus louisianus] Rubus bushii L.H. Bailey [syn = Rubus ozarkensis, Rubus scibilis] Rubus oklahomus L.H. Bailey Rubus trivialis Michx. Sanguisorba annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray RUTACEAE Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. trifoliata SALICACEAE Populus deltoides Bartram ex Marsh. Salix caroliniana Michx. Salix humilis Marsh. var. humilis Salix interior Rowlee Salix nigra Marsh. SAPINDACEAE Sapindus saponaria L. var. drummondii (Hook. & Arn.) L.D. Benson [syn = Sapindus drummondii] SAXIFRAGACEAE Heuchera americana L. var. americana Saxifraga texana Buckley STAPHYLEACEAE Staphylea trifolia L. TILIACEAE Tilia americana L. Tilia americana L. var. americana [syn = Tilia neglecta] ULMACEAE Celtis laevigata Willd. Celtis occidentalis L. Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. Ulmus alata Michx. URTICACEAE Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. Pilea pumila (L.) A. Gray VISCACEAE Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnst. [syn = Phoradendron serotinum] VITACEAE Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Cissus trifoliata (L.) L. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch Vitis acerifolia Raf. Vitis aestivalis Michx. Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Millard Vitis rotundifolia Michx. Vitis rupestris Scheele Vitis vulpina L. ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Tribulus terrestris L. ASTERIDS ACANTHACEAE Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. Justicia americana (L.) Vahl Ruellia humilis Nutt. Ruellia pedunculata Torr. ex A. Gray Ruellia strepens L. AMARANTHACEAE Amaranthus albus L. [syn = Amaranthus graecizans] Amaranthus retroflexus L. Amaranthus spinosus L. Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. Iresine rhizomatosa Standl. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 31 APIACEAE Ammoselinum butleri (Engelm. ex S. Watson) J.M. Coult. & Rose Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. var. tainturieri [syn = Chaerophyllum texanum] Cicuta maculata L. Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Cynosciadium digitatum DC. Daucus pusillus Michx. Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC. Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. var. synchaetum A. Gray ex J.M. Coult. & Rose Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Limnosciadium pinnatum (DC.) Mathias & Constance Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Ptilimnium nuttallii (DC.) Britton Sanicula canadensis L. Spermolepis echinata (Nutt. ex DC.) A. Heller Spermolepis inermis (Nutt. ex DC.) Mathias & Constance Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. Trepocarpus aethusae Nutt. ex DC. Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch APOCYNACEAE Amsonia illustris Woodson Amsonia tabernaemontana Walter Apocynum cannabinum L. Trachelospermum difforme (Walter) A. Gray AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex decidua Walter Ilex opaca Aiton ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. sclepias hirtella (Pennell) Woodson Asclepias obovata Elliot Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. Asclepias syriaca L. Asclepias tuberosa L. Asclepias verticillata L. Asclepias viridiflora Raf. [syn = Asclepias viridiflora var. lanceolata] Asclepias viridis Walter Matelea baldwyniana (Sweet) Woodson Matelea gonocarpos (Walter) Shinners ASTERACEAE Achillea millefolium L. var. occidentalis DC. [syn = Achillea lanulosa] Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H. Rob. var. altissima [syn = Eupatorium rugosum] Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior (L.) Descourtils Ambrosia bidentata Michx. Ambrosia psilostachya DC. [syn = Ambrosia psilostachya var. lindheimeriana] Ambrosia trifida L. var. texana Scheele Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richardson Anthemis cotula L. Arctium minus Bernh. Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. [syn = Cacalia plantaginea] Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) Nutt. Baccharis halimifolia L. Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton [syn = Bidens polylepis, Bidens aristosa var. mutica] Bidens bipinnata L. Bidens discoidea (Torr. & A. Gray) Britton Bidens frondosa L. Boltonia asteroides (L.) L’Hér. var. latisquama (A. Gray) Cronquist Boltonia asteroides (L.) L’Hér. var. recognita (Fernald & Grisc.) Cronquist Boltonia diffusa Elliot Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Shinners var. texana (Shinners) Shinners [syn = Kuhnia eupatorioides var. ozarkana] Centaurea americana Nutt. Chaetopappa asteroides Nutt. ex DC. Chrysopsis pilosa Nutt. Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill Cirsium carolinianum (Walter) Fernald & B.G. Schub. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. [syn = Eupatorium coelestinum] Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist var. canadensis Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist var. glabrata (A. Gray) Cronquist Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 32 Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet var. grandiflora Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet var. harveyana (A. Gray) Sherff Coreopsis palmata Nutt. Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. var. tinctoria Coreopsis tripteris L. Crepis pulchra L. Croptilon divaricatum (Nutt.) Raf. [syn = Haplopappus divaricatus] Echinacea angustifolia DC. var. angustifolia Echinacea angustifolia DC. var. strigosa R.L. McGregor Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. [syn = Eclipta alba] Elephantopus carolinianus Raeusch. Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. Erigeron pulchellus Michx. Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex. Willd. Erigeron tenuis Torr. & A. Gray Eupatorium perfoliatum L. Eupatorium serotinum Michx. Eurybia hemispherica (Alexander) G.L. Nesom [syn = Aster hemisphericus] Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene [syn = Solidago gymnospermoides] Facelis retusa (Lam.) Sch. Bip. [syn = Facelis apiculata] Fleischmannia incarnata (Walter) King & H. Rob. [syn = Eupatorium incarnatum] Gaillardia aestivalis (Walter) H. Rock var. aestivalis [syn = Gaillardia lanceolata var. fastigiata, Gaillardia serotina] Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera [syn = Gnaphalium purpureum] Grindelia lanceolata Nutt. Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock var. amarum Helenium flexuosum Raf. Helianthus angustifolius L. Helianthus annuus L. Helianthus hirsutus Raf. [syn = Helianthus hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, Helianthus hirsutus var. stenophyllus] Helianthus mollis Lam. Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet var. scabra (Dunal) Fernald Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britton & Rusby [syn = Heterotheca latifolia] Hieracium gronovii L. Hieracium longipilum Torr. Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L’Hér. var. scabiosaeus Krigia caespitosa (Raf.) K.L. Chambers [syn = Krigia oppositifolia] Krigia dandelion (L.) Nutt. Krigia occidentalis Nutt. Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. Lactuca canadensis L. [syn = Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia] Lactuca serriola L. [syn = Lactuca scariola] Liatris aspera Michx. var. aspera Liatris aspera Michx. var. intermedia (Lunell) Gaiser Liatris elegans (Walter) Michx. Liatris mucronata DC. Liatris pycnostachya Michx. Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. var. glabrata (Rydb.) Gaiser Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. var. hirsuta (Rydb.) Gaiser Liatris squarrulosa Michx. [syn = Liatris scabra] Marshallia caespitosa Nutt. ex DC. Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. Oligoneuron nitidum (Torr. & A. Gray) Small [syn = Solidago nitida] Pakera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve [syn = Senecio obovatus var. rotundus] Pakera tomentosa (Michx.) C. Jeffrey [syn = Senecio tomentosus] Parthenium integrifolium L. Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. Pityopsis graminifolia (Michx.) Nutt. var. tenuifolia (Torr.) Semple & F.D. Bowers [syn = Chrysopsis microcephala] Polymnia canadensis L. Prenanthes altissima L. Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.) Hilliard & B.L. Burtt ssp. obtusifolium [syn = Gnaphalium obtusifolium] Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus (Nutt.) Nutt. [syn = Pyrrhopappus scaposus] Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 33 Rudbeckia grandiflora (D. Don) J.F. Gmel. ex DC. Rudbeckia hirta L. var. pulcherrima Farw. Rudbeckia maxima Nutt. Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh Rudbeckia triloba L. Silphium asteriscus L. Silphium laciniatum Torr. var. robinsonii L.M. Perry Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mack. ex Small [syn = Polymnia uvedalia var. densipilis] Solidago altissima L. [syn = Solidago canadensis var. scabra] Solidago caesia L. Solidago canadensis L. var. gilvocanescens Rydb. Solidago hispida Muhl. ex Willd. Solidago missouriensis Nutt. var. fasciculata Holz. Solidago nemoralis Aiton Solidago odora Aiton Solidago petiolaris Aiton Solidago radula Nutt. Solidago rugosa Mill. ssp. aspera (Aiton) Cronquist Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. rigidiscula Torr. & A. Gray [syn = Solidago speciosa var. angustata] Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. var. microphylla A. Gray [syn = Solidago delicatula] Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Symphyotrichum anomalum (Engelm.) G.L. Nesom [syn = Aster anomalus] Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) G.L. Nesom [syn = Aster sagittifolius] Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) G.L. Nesom var. ericoides [syn = Aster ericoides] Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve var. lateriflorum [syn = Aster lateriflorus] Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) G.L. Nesom var. oolentangiens [syn = Aster azureus] Symphyotrichum patens (Aiton) G.L. Nesom var. patentissimum (Lindl. ex DC.) G.L. Nesom [syn = Aster patens var. patentissimus] Symphyotrichum praealtum (Poir.) G.L. Nesom var. praealtum [syn = Aster praealtus] Symphyotrichum turbinellum (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom [syn = Aster turbinellus] Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) DC. [syn = Taraxacum erythrospermum] Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britton ex Kearney [syn = Actinomeris alternifolia] Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex A. Gray Verbesina helianthoides Michx. Verbesina virginica L. Vernonia baldwinii Torr. ssp. baldwinii Vernonia fasciculata Michx. Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. ssp. gigantea [syn = Vernonia altissima] Vernonia lettermannii Engelm. ex A. Gray Vernonia missurica Raf. Xanthium strumarium L. BALSAMINACEAE Impatiens capensis Meerb. BIGNONIACEAE Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau Catalpa bignonioides Walter BORAGINACEAE Cynoglossum virginianum L. Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnst. Heliotropium indicum L. Lithospermum incisum Lehm. Myosotis verna Nutt. BUDDLEJACEAE Polypremum procumbens L. CACTACEAE Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. [syn = Opuntia compressa] Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm. var. macrorhiza [syn = Opuntia tortispina] CALLITRICHACEAE Callitriche heterophylla Pursh Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 34 CAMPANULACEAE Lobelia appendiculata A. DC. Lobelia cardinalis L. Lobelia puberula Michx. Lobelia spicata Lam. var. leptostachys (A. DC.) Mack. and Bush Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene [syn = Specularia biflora] Triodanis lamprosperma McVaugh [syn = Specularia lamprosperma] Triodanis leptocarpa (Nutt.) Nieuwl. [syn = Specularia leptocarpa] Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. [syn = Specularia perfoliata] CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera flava Sims Lonicera japonica Thunb. Lonicera sempervirens L. Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench Viburnum rufidulum Raf. [syn = Viburnum prunifolium var. ferrugineum] CARYOPHYLLACEAE Cerastium brachypodum (Engelm. ex A. Gray) B.L. Rob. Cerastium fontanum Buamg. ssp. vulgare (Hartm.) Greuter & Burdet [syn = Cerastium vulgatum] Cerastium glomeratum Till. [syn = Cerastium viscosum] Minuartia drummondii (Shinners) McNeill [syn = Arenaria drummondii] Minuartia patula (Michx.) Mattf. [syn = Arenaria patula] Paronychia fastigiata (Raf.) Fern. Paronychia virginica Spreng. Sagina decumbens (Elliot) Torr. & A. Gray Silene antirrhina L. Silene stellata (L.) W.T. Aiton Silene virginica L. Stellaria media (L.) Vill. CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium album L. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. var. ambrosioides Chenopodium pumilio R. Br. Monolepis nuttalliana (Schult.) Greene CONVOLVULACEAE Convolvulus arvensis L. Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. Ipomoea lacunosa L. Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G. Mey. Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. Ipomoea quamoclit L. CORNACEAE Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. Cornus florida L. Cornus obliqua Raf. Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. CUSCUTACEAE Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy Cuscuta cuspidata Engelm. Cuscuta glomerata Choisy Cuscuta indecora Choisy Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. var. glabrior (Engelm.) Gandhi, R.D. Thomas & S.L. Hatch [syn = Cuscuta glabrior] Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. var. pentagona [syn = Cuscuta campestris] DROSERACEAE Drosera brevifolia Pursh. [syn = Drosera annua] EBENACEAE Diospyros virginiana L. [syn = Diospyros virginiana var. pubescens] ERICACEAE Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC. var. foliosiflora (Michx.) Fernald [syn = Lyonia ligustrina var. salicifolia] Rhododendron oblongifolium (Small) Millais Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Vaccinium pallidum Aiton [syn = Vaccinium vacillans] Vaccinium stamineum L. Vaccinium virgatum Aiton Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 35 GENTIANACEAE Gentiana saponaria L. Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh Sabatia campestris Nutt. HYDRANGEACEAE Hydrangea arborescens L. HYDROPHYLLACEAE Hydrolea ovata Nutt. ex Choisy Hydrolea uniflora Raf. Nemophila phacelioides Nutt. Phacelia glabra Nutt. Phacelia hirsuta Nutt. LAMIACEAE Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth. Cunila origanoides (L.) Britton Hedeoma hispida Pursh Lamium amplexicaule L. Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bartram [syn = Lycopus americanus var. scabrifolius] Lycopus rubellus Moench Lycopus virginicus L. Marrubium vulgare L. Mentha spicata L. Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa var. fistulosa Monarda punctata L. ssp. punctata var. villicaulis (Pennell) Palmer & Steyerm. Monarda russeliana Nutt. ex Sims [syn = Monarda virgata] Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Physostegia angustifolia Fernald Physostegia intermedia (Nutt.) Engelm. & A. Gray Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. Prunella vulgaris L. ssp. lanceolata (W. Bartram) Hultén Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & A. Gray Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. Salvia azurea Michx. ex Lam. var. grandiflora Benth. Salvia lyrata L. Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. ex Spreng. Scutellaria ovata Hill Stachys palustris Nutt. var. pilosa Stachys tenuifolia Willd. Teucrium canadense L. var. canadense [syn = Teucrium canadense var. virginicum] Trichostema brachiatum L. LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia gibba L. [syn = Utricularia biflora] LOGANIACEAE Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray [syn = Cynoctonum mitreola] Spigelia marilandica (L.) L. MOLLUGINACEAE Mollugo verticillata L. NYCTAGINACEAE Mirabilis albida (Walter) Heimerl Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacMill. OLEACEAE Chionanthus virginicus L. Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. PHYTOLACCACEAE Phytolacca americana L. PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago aristata Michx. Plantago lanceolata L. Plantago rhodosperma Decne. Plantago rugelii Decne. Plantago virginica L. POLEMONIACEAE Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry [syn = Gilia rubra] Phlox cuspidata Scheele Phlox pilosa L. POLYGONACEAE Brunnichia ovata (Walter) Shinners [syn = Brunnichia cirrhosa] Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. var. longifolium [syn = Eriogonum vespinum] Polygonum convolvulus L. Polygonum hydropiper L. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 36 Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. [syn = Polygonum hydropiperoides var. bushianum, Polygonum hydropiperoides var. opelousanum] Polygonum orientale L. Polygonum pensylvanicum L. Polygonum persicaria L. Polygonum punctatum Elliot Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. Polygonum scandens L. var. scandens Polygonum tenue Michx. Polygonum viginianum L. [syn = Tovara virginiana] Rumex acetosella L. Rumex altissimus Alph. Wood Rumex crispus L. Rumex hastatulus Baldw. Rumex pulcher L. PORTULACACEAE Claytonia virginica L. Portulaca halimoides L. [syn = Portulaca parvula] Portulaca oleracea L. Phemeranthus parviflorum (Nutt.) Kiger [syn = Talinum parviflorum] PRIMULACEAE Dodecatheon meadia L. Hottonia inflata Elliot Lysimachia lanceolata Walter RUBIACEAE Cephalanthus occidentalis L. var. occidentalis Diodia teres Walter var. teres [syn = Diodia teres var. setifera] Diodia virginiana L. Galium aparine L. Galium arkansanum A. Gray Galium pilosum Aiton var. pilosum Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. [syn = Hedyotis purpurea var. longifolia] Houstonia purpurea L. var. purpurea [syn = Hedyotis purpurea] Houstonia pusilla Schoepf [syn = Hedyotis crassifolia] Mitchella repens L. Stenaria nigricans (Lam.) Terrell var. nigricans [syn = Hedyotis nigricans] SAPOTACEAE Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. ssp. lanuginosum [syn = Bumelia lanuginosa] SCROPHULARIACEAE Agalinis fasciculata (Elliot) Raf. [syn = Gerardia fasciculata] Agalinis gattingeri (Small) Small [syn = Gerardia gattingeri] Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl.) Raf. var. parviflora (Nutt.) Pennell [syn = Gerardia tenuifolia ssp. parviflora] Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell var. grandiflora [syn = Gerardia grandiflora] Aureolaria pectinata (Nutt.) Pennell [syn = Gerardia pectinata] Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst. Buchnera americana L. Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Castilleja indivisa Engelm. Collinsia violacea Nutt. Gratiola brevifolia Raf. Gratiola virginiana L. Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. anagallidea (Michx.) Cooperr. [syn = Lindernia anagallidea] Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. dubia Mecardonia acuminata (Walter) Small var. acuminata [syn = Bacopa acuminata] Mimulus alatus Aiton Nutallanthus texanus (Scheele) D.A. Sutton [syn = Linaria canadensis var. texana] Pedicularis canadensis L. ssp. canadensis [syn = Pedicularis canadensis var. dobbsii] Penstemon arkansanus Pennell Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. Scrophularia marilandica L. Verbascum blattaria L. Verbascum thapsus L. Veronica arvensis L. Veronica peregrina L. ssp. peregrina Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 Means, F.H. 37 SOLANACEAE Datura stramonium L. Physalis angulata L. [syn = Physalis angulata var. lanceifolia, Physalis angulata var. pendula] Physalis cinerascens (Dunal) Hitch. var. cinerascens [syn = Physalis viscosa var. cinerascens] Physalis cordata Mill. Physalis heterophylla Nees Physalis pubescens L. var. integrifolia (Dunal) Waterf. Physalis pumila Nutt. Physalis turbinata Medik. Physalis virginiana Mill. var. virginiana Solanum carolinense L. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Solanum nigrum L. Solanum rostratum Dunal STYRACACEAE Halesia carolina L. VALERIANACEAE Valerianella longiflora (Torr. & A. Gray) Walp. Valerianella nuttallii (Torr. & A. Gray) Walp. Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. [syn = Valerianella stenocarpa var. parviflora] VERBENACEAE Callicarpa americana L. Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. [syn = Verbena canadensis] Glandularia pumila (Rydb.) Umber [syn = Verbena pumila] Phryma leptostachya L. Verbena bracteata Cav. ex Lag. & Rodr. Verbena halei Small Verbena stricta Vent. Verbena urticifolia L. VIOLACEAE Viola bicolor Pursh [syn = Viola kitaibeliana var. rafinesquei] Viola langloisii Greene, nom. inq. Viola lovelliana Brainerd (pro sp.) [missouriensis triloba] Viola missouriensis Greene Viola pedata L. [syn = Viola pedata var. lineariloba] Viola pubescens Aiton var. pubescens [syn = Viola pensylvanica] Viola pubescencs Aiton var. scabruiscula Swein. ex Torr. & A. Gray [syn = Viola pensylvanica var. leiocarpon] Viola primulifolia L. (pro sp.) [lanceolata macloskeyi] Viola sagittata Aiton Viola sororia Willd. [syn = Viola papilionacea] Viola triloba Schwein. var. dilatata (Elliot) Brainerd Viola villosa Walter