item: #1 of 505
          id: ojvr-10
      author: Zweygarth, E.; Josemans, A. I.; Steyn, H. C.
       title: ln vitro isolation of Ehrlichia ruminantium from ovine blood into lxodes scapularis (lDE8) cell cultures
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 4661
      flesch: 49
     summary: IDE8 cell cultures were used at passage lev- els between 54 and 62. All four South Afri- can E. ruminantium stocks were established success- fully in IDE8 cell cultures by this method.
    keywords: a.i; adobe; agent; allsopp; attempts; ball3; bell; blaauwkrans; blood; bovine; cell; cell cultures; clinical; cowdria; cowdria ruminantium; cultures; days; df-12; ehrlichia; ehrlichia ruminantium; endothelial; false; flasks; heartwater; ide8; ide8 cells; ide8 cultures; infected; infection; initiation; inoculum; isolation; ixodes; josemans; journal; kurtti; leukocytes; medium; munderloh; nonile; onderstepoort; organisms; plasma; propagation; research; results; ruminantium; sakyi; scapularis; sheep; smears; south; steyn; stocks; tick; tick cell; time; true; u.g; van; veterinary; welgevonden; zweygarth
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        item: #2 of 505
          id: ojvr-100
      author: Hay, L.; Schultz, R.A.; Schutte, P.J.
       title: Cardiotoxic effects of pavetamine extracted from Pavetta harborii in the rat
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 3501
      flesch: 52
     summary: Effect of pavetamine on protein synthesis in rat tissue. Pachy- stigma latifolium, Pachystigma pygmaeum, Pachy- stigma thamnus, Pavetta harborii, Pavetta schu- manniana and Fagodia homblei cause gou siekte, a syndrome characterized by heart failure and sud- den death, when ingested by ruminants (Theiler, Du Toit & Mitchell 1923; Pretorius & Terblanche 1967; Kellerman, Coetzer, Naudé & Botha 2005).
    keywords: adobe; africa; animals; cardiac; cardiodynamic; cardiotoxic; cells; changes; congestive; control; crude; dtmax; effects; extracts; failure; false; fourie; function; harborii; hay; heart; journal; left; lvedp; mass; material; myocardial; p.j; pachystigma; pavetamine; pavetta; plant; pressure; pretorius; pygmaeum; r.a; rats; research; saline; schultz; schutte; sheep; south; study; terblanche; time; toxin; true; ventricular; veterinary
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        item: #3 of 505
          id: ojvr-1002
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1002
        date: None
       words: 5813
      flesch: 40
     summary: Victor O. Akinseye Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Hezekiah K. Adesokan Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Akwoba J. Ogugua Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Folashade J. Adedoyin Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Patricia I. Otu Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Ayi V. Kwaghe Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria Noah O. Kolawole Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Oyinye J. Okoro Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nigeria Charity A. Agada Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Agriculture, Nigeria Adeniyi O. Tade Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria Olufemi O. Faleke Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Uthman dan Fodiyo University, Nigeria Anyanwu L. Okeke National Veterinary Research Institute Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria Ibikunle M. Akanbi Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Oyo State, Nigeria Mofoluwake M. Ibitoye Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Oyo State, Nigeria Morenike O. Dipeolu Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria Emma J. Dale Department of Bacteriology and TB, Animal & Plant Health Agency, United Kingdom Perrett Lorraine Department of Bacteriology and TB, Animal & Plant Health Agency, United Kingdom Andrew V. Taylor Department of Bacteriology and TB, Animal & Plant Health Agency, United Kingdom Emmanuel A. Awosanya Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Eniola O. Cadmus Department of Preventive Medicine and Primary Care, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Judy A. Stack Department of Bacteriology and TB, Animal & Plant Health Agency, United Kingdom Simeon I. Cadmus Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Citation Akinseye, V.O., Adesokan, H.K., Ogugua, A.J., Adedoyin, F.J., Otu, P.I., Kwaghe, A.V. et al., 2016, ‘Sero-epidemiological survey and risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis among slaughtered cattle in Nigeria’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 83(1), a1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1002 Original Research Sero-epidemiological survey and risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis among slaughtered cattle in Nigeria Victor O. Akinseye, Hezekiah K. Adesokan, Akwoba J. Ogugua, Folashade J. Adedoyin, Patricia I. Otu, Ayi V. Kwaghe, Noah O. Kolawole, Oyinye J. Okoro, Charity A. Agada, Adeniyi O. Tade, Olufemi O. Faleke, Anyanwu L. Okeke, Ibikunle M. Akanbi, Mofoluwake M. Ibitoye, Morenike O. Dipeolu, Emma J. Dale, Perrett Lorraine, Andrew V. Taylor, Emmanuel A. Awosanya, Eniola O. Cadmus, Judy A. Stack, Simeon I. Cadmus Received: 16 June 2015; Accepted: 04 Nov. 2015; Published: 12 May 2016 Copyright: © 2016.
    keywords: addition; adesokan; africa; age; agriculture; analysis; animals; antibodies; areas; bovine; bovine brucellosis; breed; brucella; brucellosis; cadmus; cattle; central; condition; countries; country; department; disease; epidemiological; et al; ethiopia; factors; female; findings; geographical; health; herds; ibadan; important; infected; journal; likely; livestock; medicine; nigeria; northern; overall; period; population; preventive; production; public; public health; rbt; region; research; results; risk; serological; seropositive; seroprevalence; sex; significant; slaughter; south; southern; spp; states; studies; study; survey; table; test; tropical; university; veterinary; western; western nigeria; years
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        item: #4 of 505
          id: ojvr-1010
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5217
      flesch: 46
     summary: TABLE 2: Univariable logistic regression results for foetal wastage rate, expressed as odds ratios, for the period 2001–2012. However, a different pattern was observed for foetal wastage of sheep, as foetal wastage rates were relatively lower between November and March.
    keywords: 2001–2012; abattoir; alhaji; analysis; animal; annual; appendix; associated; calf; cattle; central; component; cows; cycle; data; economic; female; figure; foetal; foetal wastage; food; future; goats; journal; large; livestock; losses; march; meat; metropolitan; minna; mma; monthly; nigeria; north; observed; october; odds; patterns; period; plot; pmid; population; pregnancy; pregnant; production; protein; rates; regression; reproductive; research; results; row; ruminant; seasonal; seasonality; sheep; slaughter; small; species; state; stl; studies; study; subseries; table; throughput; time; total; trend; university; variations; veterinary; wastage; year
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        item: #5 of 505
          id: ojvr-1011
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1011
        date: None
       words: 4595
      flesch: 44
     summary: Roelofse, J.J.H., 2013, ‘Economic feasibility study of the establishment of smallholder pig farmers for the commercial market: Empolweni case study’, Master of Industrial Engineering dissertation, Stellenbosch University. In South Africa, pig production is distributed in all nine provinces, with higher concentrations in Limpopo, North West, Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal, partially because of cultural and religious preferences and availability of feedstuffs.
    keywords: africa; age; agriculture; animal; association; auctions; body; cash; commercial; condition; cost; daff; data; department; development; economic; farmers; farms; feed; feeding; figure; good; health; holder; holder farmers; holder pig; july; litter; local; market; methods; model; mpumalanga; number; pig; pig farmers; piglets; pigs; poor; price; production; products; profitability; project; quality; ration; research; results; rural; scale; slabs; slaughter; small; south; sow; sows; study; swill; systems; table; unit; use; veterinary; year
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        item: #6 of 505
          id: ojvr-1015
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1015
        date: None
       words: 3500
      flesch: 39
     summary: Similar abattoir studies in Zimbabwe (Pfukenyi & Mukaratirwa 2004), Kenya (Kithuka et al. 2002; Mungube et al. 2006) and Tanzania (Mellau, Nonga & Karimuribo 2010; Nonga et al. 2009) reported a higher prevalence of 37.1%, 8%, 26%, 16.5% and 8.6%, respectively. The prevalence at Francistown abattoir (0.27%; 95% CI 0.25–0.28) was significantly higher than that at Lobatse abattoir (0.002%; 95% CI 0.00–0.00) (p [0.003] < 0.05).
    keywords: abattoirs; analysis; animals; annual; areas; botswana; bovine; cattle; conditions; countries; country; data; different; disease; districts; east; export; fasciola; fasciolosis; francistown; gigantica; higher; infection; journal; liver; lobatse; low; main; major; meat; mukaratirwa; nonga; north; number; parts; period; pfukenyi; phiri; present; prevalence; rainfall; records; research; results; seasonal; snail; southern; study; veterinary; year
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        item: #7 of 505
          id: ojvr-1016
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1016
        date: None
       words: 5318
      flesch: 50
     summary: Cheikhyoussef, A., Shapi, M., Matengu, K. & Ashekele, H.M., 2011, ‘Ethnobotanical study of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plant use by traditional healers in Oshikoto region, Namibia’, Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 7(10), 1–11. Abstract Introduction Materials and method Results Discussion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Marcia Sanhokwe Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare Alice, South Africa Johnfisher Mupangwa Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare Alice, South Africa Patrick J. Masika Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare Alice, South Africa Fort Cox College of Agriculture and Forestry, Middledrift, South Africa Viola Maphosa Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare Alice, South Africa Voster Muchenje Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare Alice, South Africa Citation Sanhokwe, M., Mupangwa, J., Masika, P.J., Maphosa, V. & Muchenje, V., 2016, ‘Medicinal plants used to control internal and external parasites in goats’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 83(1), a1016.
    keywords: africa; alice; animal; area; cape; chris; commercial; compounds; control; data; department; diseases; district; djoueche; drugs; eastern; effects; efficacy; ethno; ethnoveterinary; external; farmers; ferox; findings; fort; goats; hani; hare; health; herbal; information; internal; journal; knowledge; leaves; livestock; maphosa; masika; materials; medicinal; medicinal plants; medicine; method; oppositifolia; parasites; parts; pasture; people; plants; preparation; production; province; reasons; research; respondents; rural; science; south; south africa; species; study; survey; table; traditional; university; use; values; van; veterinary; water; wyk
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        item: #8 of 505
          id: ojvr-1017
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2015-07-21
       words: 496
      flesch: 38
     summary: Abdalla A. Latif Adel de Haast Andy Catley Anna-Mari Bosman Anne Mayer-Scholl Annemarie Labuscagne Arthur M. Spickett Baptiste Dungu Barend Mans Basil Allsopp Charlotte Nkuna Christo J. Botha Claude Sabeta David S. McVey Delia Grace Dharmarai Naicker Elna van der Linde Emily Lane Emmanuel S. Swai Eric Etter Estelle H. Venter Evelyn Madoroba Ferran Jori Gabor Bilkei Gavin Thomson Graham Louw Henriette van Heerden Herman Groenewald Jacqueline Weyer Jan van den Abbeele Jan G. Myburgh Jan H. Vorster Jim Robinson Joanne Karzis Johan C. Steyl Johan L. Bekker Johann Schröder Johanna Fink-Gremmels John Bingham John B. Muma Justin Masumu Laurent Falquet Lerica le Roux-Pullen Lucia Lange Magda Rosemann Marcelo S. Silva Marco Romito Maria Groot Marinda Oosthuizen Mark C. Williams Martin van der Leek Maryke M. Henton Mary-Louise Penrith Moritz Jansen van Vuuren Muhammad K. Khan Neil Duncan Neil Fourie Nicola Collins Peter Roeder Peter Thompson Pierre Dorny Rudolph D. Bigalke Samson Mukaratirwa Shahn Bisschop Stina Ekman Tanguy Marcotty Tertius Gous Theo de Waal Tracy Schmidt Tshepo Matjila Vincent Delespaux Wanda Markotter William Wilson Wilna Vosloo 190 As such, the identification and selection of reviewers who have expertise and interest in the topics appropriate to each manuscript are essential elements in ensuring a timely, productive peer review process.
    keywords: access; appropriate; details; expertise; http://www; interest; jan; journal; manuscript; ojvr.org; onderstepoort; peer; process; publication; research; reviewer; selection; timely; van; veterinary; website
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        item: #9 of 505
          id: ojvr-1018
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2015-07-21
       words: 334
      flesch: 42
     summary: We would like to take this opportunity to thank all reviewers who participated in shaping this volume of the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research: In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on http://www. ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: journal; onderstepoort; peer; publication; research; reviewer; veterinary
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        item: #10 of 505
          id: ojvr-103
      author: Phologane, B.S.; Dwarka, R.M.; Haydon, D.T.; Gerber, L.J.; Vosloo, W.
       title: Molecular characterization of SAT-2 foot-and-mouth disease virus isolates obtained from cattle during a four-month period in 2001 in Limpopo Province, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 7198
      flesch: 61
     summary: Char- acterisation of a SAT-1 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease 277 R.M. PHOLOGANE et al. in captive African buffalo (Syncerus caffer): clinical symp- toms, genetic characterisation and phylogenetic comparison of outbreak isolates. Rates of spontaneous mutations among RNA viruses.
    keywords: 1998; acid; adobe; africa; amino; analysis; animals; antigenic; bastos; bengis; boshoff; bov; buffalo; buffaloes; cattle; cell; changes; characterization; control; d.t; day; days; disease; disease virus; domingo; dwarka; e–24; false; farms; fig; fmdv; foot; g.r; genetic; haydon; infection; isolates; journal; keet; knowles; knp; likelihood; livestock; mateu; model; molecular; mouth; mouth disease; mutations; national; nucleotide; onderstepoort; orinoco; outbreak; phologane; phylogenetic; position; positive; r.m; rapid; rate; ratio; region; research; rsa; saharan; samuel; sar/1/01; sat; selection; sequences; serotypes; single; sites; southern; strains; study; substitutions; synonymous; table; thomson; tree; true; vaccination; vaccine; van; variants; veterinary; virology; virus; viruses; vosloo; vp1; wildlife
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        item: #11 of 505
          id: ojvr-1032
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1032
        date: None
       words: 2657
      flesch: 44
     summary: Infection in cattle residing close to wildlife areas could perpetuate transmission between cattle and wildlife animals and thus maintain the disease in the two populations. Shirima, G.M., 2005, ‘The epidemiology of brucellosis in animals and humans in Arusha and Manyara regions of Tanzania’, PhD thesis, University of Glasgow. Shirima, G.M., Cleaveland, S., Kazwala, R.R., Kambarage, D.M., Nigel, F., McMillan, A. et al., 2007, ‘Sero-prevalence of brucellosis in smallholder dairy, agropastoral, pastoral, beef ranch and wildlife animals in Tanzania’, Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 55, 13–21.
    keywords: animals; areas; assenga; blood; brucella; brucellosis; cattle; control; disease; district; domestic; ecosystem; elisa; et al; fyumagwa; health; herd; human; infection; interface; level; livestock; mean; national; park; prevalence; rbpt; results; ruminants; sample; serengeti; seropositivity; seroprevalence; shirima; size; small; study; tanzania; test; university; veterinary; villages; wildlife
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        item: #12 of 505
          id: ojvr-1034
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1034
        date: None
       words: 5013
      flesch: 52
     summary: References Arnot, L.F., Du Toit, J. & Bastos, A.D., 2009, ‘Molecular monitoring of African swine fever virus using surveys targeted at adult Ornithodoros ticks: A re-evaluation of Mkuze Game Reserve, South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 76, 385–392. Basto, A.P., Portugal, R.S., Nix, R.J., Cartaxeiro, C., Boinas, F., Dixon, L.K. et al., 2006, ‘Development of a nested PCR and its internal control for the detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Ornithodoros erraticus’, Archives of Virology 151, 819–826. This would give an indication on whether the line served as a boundary for the disease in historic and recent outbreaks. FIGURE 2: Sampling area (between yellow lines) and spatial distribution of warthog burrows sampled for presence of tampans.
    keywords: africa; african swine; analysis; animal; area; asf; asf control; asfv; average; bastos; burrows; changes; collected; control; control line; data; disease; distribution; dna; domestic; et al; farming; farms; fever; figure; gauteng; increase; infection; limpopo; line; maximum; mpumalanga; need; north; number; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; outbreaks; penrith; pigs; presence; pretoria; proportion; province; research; sampled; sampling; south; south africa; spread; study; survey; swine; swine fever; table; tampans; ticks; time; university; veterinary; virus; warthog; warthog burrows; wildlife; zone
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        item: #13 of 505
          id: ojvr-1035
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1035
        date: None
       words: 4459
      flesch: 49
     summary: References Abraham, G., Sintayehu, A., Libeau, G., Albina, E., Roger, F., Laekemariam, Y. et al., 2005, ‘Antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in Ethiopia’, Preventive Veterinary Medicine 70, 51–57. Balamurugan, V., Sen, A., Venkatesan, G., Yadav, V., Bhanot, V., Riyesh, T. et al., 2010, ‘Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the structural genes of virulent isolates and vaccine strains of peste des petits ruminants virus from India’, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 57, 352–364. Classical and new generation of vaccines’, DevBiol (Basel Karger) 114, 85–91. Diallo, A., Taylor, W.P., Lefevre, P.C. & Provost, A., 1989, ‘Atténuationd’unesouche de virus de la peste des petits ruminants: Candidat pour un vaccine homologue vivant’, Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 42, 311–319. Elsawalhy, A., Mariner, J.C., Chibeu, D., Wamwayi, H., Wakhusama, S., Olaho-Mukani, W. et al., 2010, ‘PanAfrican strategy for the progressive control of peste des petits ruminants (panAfrican PPR strategy)’,
    keywords: africa; age; agro; animals; antibodies; control; country; cross; des; differences; different; distribution; dyek; ecological; elisa; et al; female; figure; goats; health; highest; institute; journal; laboratory; live; markets; morbilliviruses; national; nigeria; north; outbreaks; overall; peste; population; positive; pprv; production; research; river; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; sampling; seroprevalence; shamaki; sheep; significant; size; small; small ruminants; south; state; study; table; taraba; test; total; tropical; university; veterinary; virus; zone
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        item: #14 of 505
          id: ojvr-1045
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1045
        date: None
       words: 5376
      flesch: 51
     summary: We have previously demonstrated the effects of C. anisata extracts on blowfly feeding and development in our laboratory. We evaluated the efficacy of liver treated with C. anisata extracts against myiasis-causing flies in field trials on farms in the Mpumalanga province, South Africa.
    keywords: acetone; adult; africa; animal; anisata; baits; blowflies; blowfly; bucket; c. anisata; chrysomya; clausena; compounds; control; cuprina; cutaneous; days; department; development; different; effects; eggs; eloff; environment; evaluation; extract; farm; feeders; feeding; field; figure; flies; fly; green; growth; hall; insect; journal; laboratory; larvae; leaf; leaves; liver; lucilia; marginalis; migration; mukandiwa; myiasis; naidoo; new; numbers; period; plant; populations; pretoria; production; prolonged; pupae; research; sheep; size; smaller; south; species; studies; study; system; trapping; veterinary; weeks
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        item: #15 of 505
          id: ojvr-105
      author: Elias, M.Z.J.; Aire, T.A.; Soley, J.T.
       title: Macroscopic features of the venous drainage of the reproductive system of the male ostrich (Struthio camelus)
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 5302
      flesch: 55
     summary: Vv. ischiadicae (4), fused portion of caudal renal veins (5), Vv. portales renales caudales (6), anastomosis interiliaca (7), Vv. iliacae internae (8) and V. cau- dae medianae (9). A number of variations in the drainage pattern based on the point of entry and number of testicular veins were observed.
    keywords: adrenal; aspect; baumel; birds; camelus; caudal; caudal vena; caudalis; cava; common; common iliac; cranial; dextra; drainage; ductus; false; features; fig; fowl; iliac; iliac vein; latex; left; macroscopic; male; male ostrich; middle; nishida; number; ostrich; pattern; pudendal; renal; renal veins; reproductive; right; sinistra; soley; specimens; struthio; system; testicular; testicular veins; testis; tract; true; ureterodeferential; ureterodeferential veins; veins; vena; vena cava; venous; venous drainage; vessels; view
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        item: #16 of 505
          id: ojvr-1057
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1057
        date: None
       words: 4646
      flesch: 52
     summary: Principally, tsetse traps are made up of blue and black textile materials and white netting. Abstract This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of different tsetse traps in 28 sites across Tanzania.
    keywords: analysis; animals; area; biconical; brevipalpis; bulletin; control; data; different; diptera; diseases; ecosystem; efficiency; entomological; flies; flint; fly; game; glossina; glossina species; glossinidae; institute; livestock; malele; martinii; mihok; mobile; morsitans; ndegwa; ngu; nzi; pallidipes; panel; performance; pyramidal; research; reserve; response; results; sampling; serengeti; sites; species; sticky; study; swynnertoni; table; tanzania; total; traps; tsetse; tsetse flies; tsetse species; use; uvinza; vale; vector; western; wild
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        item: #17 of 505
          id: ojvr-1058
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1058
        date: None
       words: 3781
      flesch: 43
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.04.008 Al-Qassab, S.E., Reichel, M.P. & Ellis, J.T., 2010, ‘On the biological and genetic diversity in Neospora caninum’, Diversity 2, 411–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d2030411 Anastasia, D., Elias, P., Nikolaos, P., Charilaos, K. & Nektarios, G., 2013, ‘Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy sheep and goats mixed stock farming’, Veterinary Parasitology 198, 387–390. Abstract Little is known about latent infection and molecular characterisation of Neospora caninum in sheep (Ovis aries).
    keywords: abortion; analysis; animals; brain; brazil; caninum; chain; clinical; detection; different; dna; dubey; et al; figure; genbank; gene; gondii; heart; infected; infection; iran; journal; latent; molecular; n. caninum; nc-5; neospora; neospora caninum; neosporosis; nested; ovine; parasitology; pcr; phylogenetic; polymerase; positive; primers; reaction; report; research; results; samples; sequences; sheep; silva; similarity; specific; studies; study; toxoplasma; veterinary; yamage
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        item: #18 of 505
          id: ojvr-106
      author: Palmer, R.W.; Rivers-Moore, N.A.
       title: Evaluation of larvicides in developing management guidelines for long-term control of pest blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) along the Orange River, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 9276
      flesch: 55
     summary: B.t.i. formulations The physical properties of the standard dry powder concentrated formulation of B.t.i. (500:250) were un- suitable for blackfly control, firstly because of poor vertical dispersion and rapid settling in water. Wefco Marketing Piperonyl butoxide Synergist RD 96A RD 96/B PBO (unlabelled) Wefco Marketing Temephos Organophosphate Abate® 200EC SA Cyanamid BASF Wefco Marketing 1 Formulation consists of 500 g B.t.i. fermentation broth plus 500 g carrier, mixed and dried down 2 Formulation is twice as concentrated as the 500:500 dry powder, and consists of 500 g B.t.i. fermentation broth plus 250 g carrier, mixed and dried down 303 R.W. PALMER & N.A. RIVERS-MOORE before exposure to chemical larvicides, whereas for B.t.i. trials larvae were given an 1.5 h to settle.
    keywords: 200ec; abate; abundance; adobe; africa; application; aquatic; b.t.i; belmont; blackflies; blackfly; bridge; butoxide; caddisfly; channel; chutteri; concentrations; conditions; control; diptera; dosage; downstream; dry; effective; efficacy; environmental; false; fauna; field; fish; fish river; flow; formulation; grahamstown; great; guidelines; gutter; gutter trials; health; high; impacts; invertebrates; journal; larvae; larvicides; lower; management; marketing; mg/ℓ; mortality; n.a; non; orange; orange river; organisms; palmer; pbo; permethrin; pest; piperonyl; powdered; ppm; present; products; programme; pyrethroids; r.w; research; resistance; results; river; river trials; simuliidae; simulium; site; small; south; species; study; suitable; table; target; taxa; temephos; test; time; toxicity; trials; true; use; valley; viscosity; water; wefco
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        item: #19 of 505
          id: ojvr-1067
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1067
        date: None
       words: 8017
      flesch: 38
     summary: Not all of the confirmed Salmonella isolates were harbouring tet A and tet B genes, leading to the prevalence of the genes being low compared to the prevalence of Salmonella resistance to tetracycline. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.62-65 Li, H., Bhaskara, A., Megalis, C. & Tortorello, M.L., 2012, ‘Transcriptome analysis of Salmonella desiccation resistance’, Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 12, 1143–1151.
    keywords: africa; agarose; agents; amoxicillin; amplicon; animal; antibiotic; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; bacteria; brazilian; broiler; chicken; clinical; control; countries; current; detection; different; disease; dna; electrophoresis; enterica; et al; extension; figure; following; food; foodborne; gel; genes; genetic; health; host; human; infection; inva; isolates; journal; kwazulu; microbiology; min; misl; multidrug; natal; orfl; pathogenicity; pathogens; pcr; pipd; positive; poultry; presence; prevalence; production; products; rates; representative; representative salmonella; resistance; resistance genes; resistant salmonella; results; salmonella; salmonella enterica; salmonella isolates; salmonella spp; samples; serovars; south; spic; spp; strains; studies; study; susceptibility; table; tet; tetracycline; total; use; veterinary; virulence; virulence genes; ° c
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        item: #20 of 505
          id: ojvr-1068
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1068
        date: None
       words: 4462
      flesch: 41
     summary: Our data clearly showed the predominance of E. granulosus genotype G1 (96.05%) corresponding to the common sheep strain, with a minority (3.95%) of cases being E. canadensis (G6/7) genotype. Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Martin Chamai Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Leonard Omadang Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Jospeh Erume Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Michael Ocaido Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Peter Oba Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Emmanuel Othieno Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda Straton Bonaventure Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Annah Kitibwa Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda Citation Chamai, M., Omadang, L., Erume, J., Ocaido, M., Oba, P., Othieno, E. et al., 2016, ‘Identification of Echinococcus granulosus strains using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism amongst livestock in Moroto district, Uganda’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 83(1), a1068.
    keywords: africa; amplification; analysis; animal; animal resources; biolaboratory; biomolecular resources; biosecurity; cattle; clade; college; common; cystic; department; disease; district; dna; echinococcosis; echinococcus; echinococcus granulosus; et al; figure; g6/7; gel; genbank; gene; genotypes; granulosus; health; human; hydatid; journal; karamoja; kenya; livestock; macpherson; makerere; medicine; moroto; nadh; parasitology; pcr; prevalence; region; resources; restriction; samples; sciences; sequences; sequencing; sheep; south; strains; study; sudan; table; turkana; uganda; university; veterinary
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        item: #21 of 505
          id: ojvr-107
      author: Du Toit, C.A.; Scholtz, C.H.; Hyman, W.B.
       title: Prevalence of the dog nematode Spirocerca lupi in populations of its intermediate dung beetle host in the Tshwane (Pretoria) Metropole, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 5269
      flesch: 55
     summary: There is a plethora of literature on the clinical, diag- nostic and epidemiologic aspects of spirocercosis in dogs, while very few studies have focused on the host-parasite associations between dung beetles and S. lupi (Bailey 1972; Chhabra & Singh 1973, 315 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 75:315–321 (2008) Prevalence of the dog nematode Spirocerca lupi in populations of its intermediate dung beetle host in the Tshwane (Pretoria) Metropole, South Africa C.A. DU TOIT1 *, C.H. SCHOLTZ1 and W.B. HYMAN2 ABSTRACT DU TOIT, C.A., SCHOLTZ, C.H. & HYMAN, W.B. 2008. Onder- stepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 75:315–321 Spirocerca lupi (Spirurida: Spirocercidae) is a cosmopolitan parasite, principally of domestic dogs and dung beetles are its main intermediate hosts.
    keywords: 2nd; adobe; africa; area; associations; bailey; beetles; c.h; conditions; dogs; dung; dung beetles; eggs; false; food; holter; host; infected; infection; intermediate; journal; larvae; localities; lupi; mazaki; metropole; natural; nematode; number; onthophagus; parasite; parasitology; peri; pig; pitfall; pretoria; prevalence; range; results; rural; s. lupi; sampling; scholtz; south; species; spirocerca; spirocerca lupi; spirocercosis; study; table; test; total; tovi; traps; true; tshwane; urban; urban area; van; varied; vegetation; veterinary
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        item: #22 of 505
          id: ojvr-108
      author: Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.; Jooste, Antoinette; Junker, Kerstin
       title: Pentastomid parasites in fish in the Olifants and Incomati River systems, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 5564
      flesch: 64
     summary: This is the first published record of an Alofia spe- cies from fish intermediate hosts in South Africa. (1985) reported infective larvae of Sebekia mississippiensis under the connective tis- sues lining muscle, kidney, liver and swim bladder of a variety of fish intermediate hosts.
    keywords: adobe; africa; alofia; bladder; boshielo; c c; crocodiles; dam; dams; e c; e d; e p; e s; false; final; fish; flag; gariepinus; hosts; infective; intermediate; ja n; journal; ju n; junker; la n; larvae; limpopo; m p; macrolepidotus; mossambicus; n c; n d; n e; n g; n o; n s; nile; o ct; onderstepoort; p ri; parasites; parasitology; pentastomid; prevalence; province; rendalli; research; riley; river; s p; sebekia; south; species; subtriquetra; swim; table; tilapia; true; veterinary; wedli; winch
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        item: #23 of 505
          id: ojvr-1083
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1083
        date: None
       words: 5542
      flesch: 41
     summary: Affected animals often developed botulism because of the consumption of bones contaminated with Clostridium botulinum (Theiler, Du Toit & Malan 1937; Theiler et al. 1927). The only factor in common amongst affected animals was the geographical area in which they lived.
    keywords: affected; africa; analysis; animals; aphosphorosis; area; articular; beef; bone; breeds; bulls; calcium; calves; cartilage; cattle; commercial; condition; copper; deficiency; department; dietary; disease; ekman; endochondral; epiphyseal; et al; evidence; factors; failure; farms; feeding; figure; growth; imbalance; intake; joint; journal; lameness; lesions; manganese; mineral; necrosis; neser; north; old; olsson; ossification; osteochondrosis; osteomalacia; outbreak; paraclinical; parts; pathology; phosphorus; possible; present; pretoria; province; reiland; research; results; rickets; role; samples; sciences; severe; south; south africa; stifle; study; subchondral; theiler; thompson; tissue; trial; university; veterinary; vitamin; water; western; young; ytrehus
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        item: #24 of 505
          id: ojvr-1095
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1095
        date: None
       words: 2826
      flesch: 45
     summary: Lubisi, B.A., Bastos, A.D., Dwarka, R.M. & Vosloo, W., 2007, ‘Intra-genotypic resolution of African swine fever viruses from an East African domestic pig cycle: A combined p72-CVR approach’, Virus Genes 35(3), 729–735. Muhangi, D., 2014, ‘African swine fever: An epidemiological overview’, British Journal of Virology 1, 42–47. Nix, R.J., Gallardo, C., Hutchings, G., Blanco, E. & Dixon, L.K., 2006, ‘Molecular epidemiology of African swine fever virus studied by analysis of four variable genome regions’, Archives of Virology 151, 2475–2494. Pejsak, Z., Truszczyński, M., Niemczuk, K., Kozak, E. & Markowska-Daniel, I., 2014, ‘Epidemiology of African swine fever in Poland since the detection of the first case’, Poland Journal of Veterinary Science 17(4), 665–672.
    keywords: african; african swine; analysis; area; asf; asfv; bastos; clinical; control; copperbelt; cycle; department; diagnosis; disease; district; domestic; et al; fever; figure; genes; genotype; genotyping; lusaka; molecular; north; nucleotide; outbreaks; p54; p72; pcr; phylogenetic; pigs; province; research; samples; sequences; study; swine; swine fever; university; veterinary; virus; western; zambia
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        item: #25 of 505
          id: ojvr-1099
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1099
        date: None
       words: 5149
      flesch: 36
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Emily P. Lane Department of Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, South Africa Helene Brettschneider Department of Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, South Africa Peter Caldwell Old Chapel Veterinary Clinic, Pretoria, South Africa Almero Oosthuizen Department of Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, South Africa Desiré L. Dalton Department of Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, South Africa Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, South Africa Liza du Plessis IDEXX Laboratories (Pty) Ltd., Onderstepoort, South Africa Johan Steyl Department of Paraclinical Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa Antoinette Kotze Department of Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, South Africa Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, South Africa Citation Lane, E.P., Brettschneider, H., Caldwell, P., Oosthuizen, A., Dalton, D.L., Du Plessis, L. et al., 2016, ‘Feline panleukopaenia virus in captive non-domestic felids in South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 83(1), a1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1099 Original Research Feline panleukopaenia virus in captive non-domestic felids in South Africa Emily P. Lane, Helene Brettschneider, Peter Caldwell, Almero Oosthuizen, Desiré L. Dalton, Liza du Plessis, Johan Steyl, Antoinette Kotze Received: 21 Oct. 2015; Accepted: 09 Dec. 2015; Published: 09 June 2016 Copyright: This article reports the clinical features and pathology of an outbreak of FPLV in vaccinated captive cheetahs, as well as preliminary findings on the molecular epidemiology of FPLV in captive non-domestic felids in South Africa.
    keywords: acute; africa; age; allison; analysis; animals; available; bacterial; captive; carnivores; cases; cats; cheetah; clade; clinical; cpv; cubs; department; diagnostic; disease; distribution; dna; domestic; et al; evolution; felids; feline; figure; fplv; free; gardens; genetic; histological; host; infection; information; initial; intestinal; journal; lesions; lion; live; manuscript; molecular; national; necrosis; negative; non; nzg; outbreak; panleukopaenia; parrish; parvovirus; pathological; pathology; pcr; phylogenetic; positive; present; research; results; samples; scientific; serval; services; signs; south; south africa; species; steinel; strain; tissue; truyen; type; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; van; veterinary; viral; virology; virus; viruses; zoological
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        item: #26 of 505
          id: ojvr-110
      author: Abolnik, C.
       title: A rapid and sensitive real-time reverse transcription PCR for the pathotyping of South African H5N2 avian influenza viruses : research communication
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 3913
      flesch: 76
     summary: The low pathogenicity avian influ- enza (LPAI) virus precursors to HPAI viruses are ubiquitous in wild waterfowl and shorebirds and usually only cause asymptomatic infections in these reser voir hosts. The presence of insertions or substitutions in the H0 cleavage site of HPAI virus will however abolish the binding of InfA_H5_640 and only one signal in chan- nel F3 would thus be visible.
    keywords: abolnik; adobe; african; assay; avian; c k; cleavage; false; g c; g g; h5n2; hpai; infa_h5_fl; influenza; isolation; lpai; molecular; onderstepoort; ostrich; outbreak; pathogenic; pathotyping; pcr; pdf; positive; presence; probe; rapid; real; reverse; rrt; samples; sensitive; sequence; site; south; swab; time; tracheal; transcription; true; u c; viruses
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        item: #27 of 505
          id: ojvr-1109
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1109
        date: None
       words: 6748
      flesch: 38
     summary: The risk of Salmonella contamination may be present at any stage of food animal production ranging from the live animal to environmental factors (Alexander, Warnick & Wiedmann 2009; Troutt & Osburn, 1997). There is limited information regarding Salmonella contamination of carcasses by hides and intestinal contents during cattle slaughter in South African rural abattoirs.
    keywords: abattoirs; addition; africa; agar; agricultural; analysis; anatum; animals; antimicrobial; areas; associated; atcc; bacteria; broth; carcasses; cattle; chain; clinical; coli; communities; contaminated; contamination; contents; control; different; district; diverse; enteritidis; environmental; escherichia; et al; faeces; food; foodborne; harhay; health; hides; important; incubation; infection; information; inoculated; intestinal; intestinal contents; isolates; journal; meat; methods; microbiology; molecular; multidrug; n =; pathogens; patterns; pcr; positive; potential; presence; prevalence; research; resistance; resistant salmonella; results; risk; rural; rural abattoirs; safety; salmonella; salmonella contamination; salmonella isolates; salmonella serovars; salmonellosis; samples; serovars; slaughter; sources; south; species; spp; sterile; study; table; tested; typhimurium; use; veterinary; vhembe; water
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        item: #28 of 505
          id: ojvr-111
      author: Oluwayelu, D.O.; Todd, D.; Olaleye, O.D.
       title: Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of chicken anaemia virus obtained from backyard and commercial chickens in Nigeria : research communication
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 3350
      flesch: 52
     summary: This work reports the first molecular analysis study of chicken anaemia virus (CAV) in backyard chick- ens in Africa using molecular cloning and sequence analysis to characterize CAV strains obtained from commercial chickens and Nigerian backyard chickens. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of chicken anaemia virus obtained from backyard and commercial chickens in Nigeria.
    keywords: acid; adobe; amino; anaemia; analysis; avian; backyard; backyard chicken; bd-3; cav; cav strains; cavs; cells; characterization; chicken; cl-1; cl-7; cloned; commercial; d.o; diversity; dna; emikpe; false; gene; ibadan; infectious; japan; journal; mcnulty; molecular; muller; ngr; nigeria; nucleotide; olaleye; oluwayelu; owoade; pcr; pdf; phylogenetic; reference; research; sequence; sequencing; smsc-1; strains; study; todd; true; van; veterinary; virology; virus; vp1
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        item: #29 of 505
          id: ojvr-113
      author: Junker, K.; Boomker, J.
       title: Helminths of guineafowls in Limpopo Province, South Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 11794
      flesch: 67
     summary: Mediorhynchus gallinarum, A. gutterae, O. multiuncinata, H. truncata and S. caudatus are recorded for the first time from Helmeted guineafowls, as well as from South Afri- ca. 1A, B) Ortlepp (1938b) described Habronema numidae from Helmeted guineafowls in Malawi, South Africa and Swaziland.
    keywords: africa; b u; birds; c e; caudatus; cestodes; chabaud; chickens; congolense; cyrnea; d e; d u; dentigera; domestic; e n; e p; e r; e ri; e s; e te; f e; fig; g d; g e; g g; g o; g u; genus; guineafowls; h e; h o; helmeted; helminths; hosts; ic u; journal; l e; le m; le n; limpopo; m e; m o; n ce; n d; n g; n n; n s; nematodes; new; numida; o le; o n; o u; ortlepp; p h; p o; p p; parasites; present; prevalence; province; ri u; s d; s g; s o; s p; s s; single; south; species; specimens; study; subulura; suctoria; ta n; te n; truncata; u e; u le; u m; u n; u s; veterinary; w e
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        item: #30 of 505
          id: ojvr-1136
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1136
        date: None
       words: 2729
      flesch: 43
     summary: (c) Effects of time on recombinant Clostridium perfringens beta toxin expression. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.32.1.339 Cavalcanti, M.T.H., Porto, T., Porto, A.F.L., Brandi, I.V. & Filho, J.I., 2004, ‘Large scale purification of Clostridium perfringens toxins: A review’, RBCF Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 40(2), 151–164.
    keywords: analysis; beta; beta toxin; bl21(de3; cells; clostridium; clostridium perfringens; coli; cpb; different; dna; e. coli; electrophoresis; escherichia; expressed; expression; figure; gel; gene; iptg; iran; journal; langroudi; pcr; perfringens; pet22β; pilehchian; pjetβ; protein; purified; recombinant; research; rosettatm(de3; sds; steinthorsdottir; strain; toxin; type; vaccine; vector
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        item: #31 of 505
          id: ojvr-114
      author: Karzis, J.; Donkin, E.F.; Petzer, I.M.
       title: Withdrawal periods and tissue tolerance after intramammary antibiotic treatment of dairy goats with clinical mastitis
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 5082
      flesch: 57
     summary: Further studies are necessary on SCC of goat milk as an indicator of tissue irritation in goats with and without clinical mastitis. Mas- titis in goats is treated with the same preparations 281 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 74:281–288 (2007) Withdrawal periods and tissue tolerance after intramammary antibiotic treatment of dairy goats with clinical mastitis J. KARZIS1*, E.F. DONKIN2 and I.M. PETZER1 ABSTRACT KARZIS, J., DONKIN, E.F. & PETZER, I.M. 2007.
    keywords: 2005; antibiotic; cattle; cell; clinical; clinical mastitis; cmct; correlation; cow; curaclox; dairy; goats; halves; herd; intramammary; irritation; karzis; lactation; log; margin; mastitis; mean; milk; milking; model; negative; parity; periods; positive; regression; rilexine; safety; scc; significant; smith; spectrazol; table; tissue; tolerance; treatment; trial; tris; udder; use; veterinary; withdrawal; yield
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        item: #32 of 505
          id: ojvr-1146
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1146
        date: None
       words: 10541
      flesch: 49
     summary: This is not a true reflection of the herd udder health status as milk from problem cows should have been excluded (cows with clinical mastitis, fresh in milk cows, cows under treatment and sometimes those with high SCC). Traditionally, bulk milk tank somatic cell count (BMSCC) is used as a primary index when analysing herd udder health and is used as one of the quality criteria for payment by the secondary milk industry (Ruegg & Pantoja 2013).
    keywords: africa; agalactiae; agalactiae imi; analysis; animal; aureus; bacteria; bradley; calving; cases; cells; chronic; clinical; composite; contagious; control; counts; cows; culture; cure; current; dairy; dairy cows; data; days; dry; early; environmental; et al; examination; factors; health; herd; high; high scc; hygiene; idf; imi; increased; individual; infected; infections; information; intra; journal; karzis; laboratory; lactating; lactation; late; level; low; mammary; management; mastitis; mid; milk; milk samples; milking; msd; negative; new; new imi; nsd; number; parity; parlour; pathogens; percentage; period; persistent; petzer; positive; pretoria; prevalence; proceedings; production; programme; quarters; report; research; results; risk; routine; s. aureus; samples; scc; schukken; science; serial; somatic; south; species; specific; stage; staphylococcus; status; streptococcus; stress; system; table; teat; threshold; time; treatment; uberis; udder; udder health; university; veterinary
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        item: #33 of 505
          id: ojvr-1147
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1147
        date: None
       words: 7082
      flesch: 39
     summary: Vanstreels Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, University of São Paulo, Brazil Citation Parsons, N.J., Gous, T.A., Schaefer, A.M. & Vanstreels, R.E.T., 2016, ‘Health evaluation of African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) in southern Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 83(1), a1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1147 Original Research Health evaluation of African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) in southern Africa Nola J. Parsons, Tertius A. Gous, Adam M. Schaefer, Ralph E.T. Vanstreels Received: 31 Dec. 2015; Accepted: 23 Mar. 2016; Published: 20 Sept. 2016 Copyright: © 2016.
    keywords: aev; african; african penguins; aiv; animal; antarctic; antibodies; association; avian; babesia; birds; blood; borrelia; breeding; bursal; cape; centre; chicks; clinical; colonies; conservation; crawford; data; demersus; disease; elisa; et al; haematological; haematology; health; herpesvirus; ibdv; ibv; individuals; infectious; influenza; international; islands; isolation; journal; karesh; karesh et; low; mycoplasma; namibia; ndv; newcastle; parasites; parsons; pathogens; penguins; population; reference; rehabilitation; relation; reovirus; research; respiratory; results; samples; sampling; sanccob; science; seabirds; serological; seronegative; seropositive; seroprevalence; serum; smith; smith et; south; south africa; southern; spa; species; spheniscus; spp; studies; study; table; tests; threat; travis; vaccination; values; vanstreels; veterinary; virus; viruses; western; white; wild; wildlife; world
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        item: #34 of 505
          id: ojvr-115
      author: Sahle, M.; Dwarka, R.M.; Venter, E.H.; Vosloo, W.
       title: Study of the genetic heterogeneity of SAT-2 foot-and-mouth disease virus in sub-Saharan Africa with specific focus on East Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 9064
      flesch: 86
     summary: The previously identified lineages (Bastos et al. 2003b; Sangare et al. 2004) could not be followed in this study, as the inclusion of more isolates has altered the structure of the phylogeny at that level, albeit not on genotype level. The best method to date to differentiate between FMD virus isolates has been the determination of the RNA sequence encoding the VP1 protein which contains the major antigenic determinants of the vi- rus (Beck & Strohmaier 1987; Samuel, Knowles & Kitching 1988).
    keywords: 2003b; a.d.s; acid; africa; amino; analysis; animal; antigenic; bastos; bengis; bootstrap; boshoff; buffalo; buffaloes; cattle; control; countries; different; disease; domingo; dwarka; e.h; east; epidemiology; eritrea; ethiopia; fmd; foot; footand; g.r; genetic; genotype; hedger; heterogeneity; infection; isolates; journal; k e; k k; keet; kenya; knowles; lineage; livestock; molecular; mouth; number; onderstepoort; outbreaks; phylogenetic; positions; regions; research; role; saharan; sahle; sangare; sat; sequences; serotypes; single; sites; sobrino; southern; species; specific; spread; study; sub; thomson; total; transmission; uganda; van; variation; venter; veterinary; virus; viruses; vosloo; west
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        item: #35 of 505
          id: ojvr-1163
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1163
        date: None
       words: 5597
      flesch: 48
     summary: References Abubakar, M., Ali, Q. & Khan, H.A., 2008, ‘Prevalence and mortality rate of peste des petits ruminant (PPR)ssossible association with abortion in goat’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 40, 317–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-007-9105-2 Banyard, A.C., Parida, S., Batten, C., Oura, C., Kwiatek, O. & Libeau, G., 2010, ‘Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control’, Journal of General Virology 91(Pt 12), 2885–2897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(87)90031-6 Chauhan, H., Chandel, B., Kher, H., Dadawala, A. & Agrawal, S., 2009, ‘Peste des petits ruminants infection in animals’, Veterinary World 2, 150–155. Couacy-Hymann, E., Bodjo, C., Danho, T., Libeau, G. & Diallo, A., 2007, ‘Evaluation of the virulence of some strains of peste-despetits- ruminants virus (PPRV) in experimentally infected West African dwarf goats’, Veterinary Journal 173, 178–183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.08.020 Couacy-Hymann, E., Roger, F., Hurard, C., Guillou, J.P., Libeau, G. & Diallo, A., 2002, ‘Rapid and sensitive 100, detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a polymerase chain reaction assay’, Journal of Virological Methods 100, 17–25.
    keywords: africa; agro; analysis; animals; areas; couacy; countries; country; des; diallo; different; disease; distance; distribution; east; ecological; endemic; et al; figure; genbank; gene; genetic; goats; important; infected; introduction; isolates; lineage; mean; nasal; new; nigeria; number; nvri; oculo; outbreaks; oyo; pcr; peste; petits; plateau; polymerase; population; positive; pprv; present; previous; production; recent; research; results; reverse; rinderpest; rna; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; sampling; sequences; sheep; small; south; states; strains; study; swabs; table; taylor; tissue; total; tropical; university; value; veterinary; viral; virus; west; world; zones
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        item: #36 of 505
          id: ojvr-1164
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1164
        date: None
       words: 5700
      flesch: 47
     summary: The use of anthelmintic plant extracts may be sustainable and environmentally acceptable and could provide an alternative to synthetic anthelmintics. Furthermore, anthelmintic plant extracts have a mixture of active principles that could act in synergy, yielding the anthelmintic effect and limit the development of resistance.
    keywords: acetone; acetone extracts; activity; adamu; africa; angolensis; angustifolia; animal; anthelmintic; anthelmintic activity; aqueous; assay; cells; cleome; compounds; concentration; contortus; control; development; different; dmso; effect; egg; eggs; eha; eloff; et al; extracts; fruit; gastrointestinal; gynandra; haemonchus; hatching; high; indian; inhibition; inhibitory; j.n; journal; lc50; leaf; leaves; low; maerua; material; mean; medicinal; methods; negative; nematode; parasitology; phenolic; plant; plant extracts; pretoria; research; resistance; results; ruminants; sciences; sheep; south; species; stem; study; tabernaemontana; table; toxicity; university; use; vero; veterinary; water
       cache: ojvr-1164.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1164.txt

        item: #37 of 505
          id: ojvr-117
      author: Botha, C.J.; Crafford, J.E.; Butler Jr., V.P.; Stojanovic, M.N.; Labuschagne, L.
       title: A potential krimpsiekte vaccine
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4468
      flesch: 52
     summary: The second aim was to evaluate the efficacy of the conjugate in inducing an immunolog- ical response in rabbits and sheep by determining cotyledoside antibody titres in an ELISA. A booster vaccina- tion containing cotyledoside conjugate plus incom- plete Freund’s adjuvant was prepared and inoc ulated 3 weeks later (Table 1).
    keywords: africa; animals; antibodies; antibody; botha; bufadienolides; butler; c.j; cardiac; challenge; conjugate; cotyledoside; d o; daily; day; digoxin; e o; fig; immunization; immunized; journal; kellerman; krimpsiekte; m l; n d; n e; o n; o u; onderstepoort; plant; poisoning; protein; rabbits; schmidt; sheep; small; south; stock; u n; v.p; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-117.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-117.txt

        item: #38 of 505
          id: ojvr-1170
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1170
        date: None
       words: 6765
      flesch: 38
     summary: Responder cells at a final concentration of 2 x 106 PBMC/mL were added to respective test wells together with one of the following: E. ruminantium crude antigen (1 µg/mL, positive control), ConA (positive control), E. ruminantium recombinant proteins (10 µg/mL), synthetic peptides (10 µg/mL), Erum5000A (positive control for peptides), E. ruminantium recombinant protein that tested negative previously (rErum4930, rNegative, negative control) or medium only (unstimulated PBMCs). In this study we therefore investigated whether secreted E. ruminantium recombinant proteins and peptides would induce similar immune responses in vitro by PBMC from needle infected and challenged (NI) and tick infected and challenged (TI) animals.
    keywords: africa; agricultural; alleles; animals; antibodies; antigens; assay; blood; bola; bovine; cattle; cd4; cd8; cells; cellular; challenge; characterised; council; cowdria; different; dna; drb3; ehrlichia; epitopes; erum5000a; et al; expression; figure; fragment; heartwater; ifn; immune; immune responses; immunity; induced; infected; infection; intracellular; kleef; liebenberg; lymph; mhc; mononuclear; needle; new; node; onderstepoort; orfs; pbmcs; pcr; peptides; peripheral; pretorius; production; proliferation; proteins; recombinant; recombinant proteins; research; responses; restriction; results; ruminantium; s147; s6355; s6821; sheep; significant; south; spleen; spmc; stimulated; study; t cells; table; tick; vaccine; van; veterinary; vitro; welgevonden
       cache: ojvr-1170.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1170.txt

        item: #39 of 505
          id: ojvr-1172
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1172
        date: None
       words: 8190
      flesch: 46
     summary: For comparison of the relative abundance of G. brevipalpis and G. austeni populations, a paired test was used to differentiate between mean tsetse fly AD. This was epitomised by data that indicated that despite large differences in the ADs of G. austeni and G. brevipalpis, trypanosome infection prevalence was similar in all three districts in the area.
    keywords: abundance; ads; africa; agricultural; animal; area; austeni; average; bagnall; brevipalpis; cattle; congolense; control; council; data; day; department; dip; diptera; diseases; distribution; district; eastern; esterhuizen; et al; figure; flies; fly; g. austeni; game; glossina; glossinidae; green; hendrickx; high; higher; hlabisa; hluhluwe; imfolozi; infection; institute; journal; kappmeier; kwazulu; model; motloang; nagana; natal; nevill; north; ntantiso; number; odour; onderstepoort; pallidipes; parasites; park; populations; prediction; present; prevalence; relative; research; river; significant; south; south africa; species; studies; survey; table; tanks; trap; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; ubombo; vector; veterinary; vreysen; wide; zululand
       cache: ojvr-1172.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1172.txt

        item: #40 of 505
          id: ojvr-118
      author: Junker, K.; Boomker, J.
       title: A check list of the helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and a host list of these parasites
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 10645
      flesch: 45
     summary: Phasianus meleagris Numida meleagris galeatus Pallas, 1767 Numida galeata Numida meleagris meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) Numida ptilorhyncha Numida meleagris mitratus Pallas, 1767 Numida mitrata Numida meleagris marungensis Schalow, 1884 Numida frommi, Numida marungensis, Numida meleagris bodalyae, Numida meleagris frommi, Numida meleagris max- ima, Numida meleagris rikwae, Numida mitrata frommi, Nu mi- da mitrata maximia, Numida mitrata rikwae, Numida rikwae Mediorhynchus empodius Mediorhynchus gallinarum Mediorhynchus numidae Mediorhynchus selengensis Mediorhynchus taeniatus Dicrocoelium macrostomum Lutztrema sp. Postharmostomum gallinum Abuladzugnia gutterae Abuladzugnia transvaalensis Choanotaenia infundibulum Cotugnia crassa Cotugnia digonopora Cotugnia meleagridis Cotugnia tuliensis Davainea nana Davainea paucisegmentata Davainea paucisegmentata var. The parasite list for the Helmeted guineafowls, Numida meleagris, includes five species of acanthocephalans, all belonging to a single genus, three trematodes belonging to three different genera, 34 cestodes representing 15 genera, and 35 nema- todes belonging to 17 genera.
    keywords: 2007; acryllium; acuaria; africa; africa genus; alectoris; america; anas; anatis; annulatus; anser; aonchotheca; ascaridia; ascaris; auct; baer; baylis; birds; bloch; bonasa; boomker; brisson; brumpti; burkina; cantaniana; capillaria; carioca; caudinflata; cesticillus; cestodes; chabaud; check; chicken; chlamydotis; clangula; cleave; cohni; colchicus; colinus; columba; common; compar; congo; cosmopolitan; cotugnia; coturnix; cyrnea; davainea; democratic; differens; dispar; domestic; east; echinobothrida; echinolepis; edouardi; et al; eucoleus; europe; eurycerca; fabiyi; family; faso; fissispina; fuhrmann; gallinarum; gallopavo; gallus; gallus gallus; genera; genus; ghana; gongylonema; graber; graeca; gray; guineafowls; guttera; hadjelia; hamulosa; helmeted; helminths; henry; heterakis; hispaniolepis; hodasi; host; hymenolepis; india; journal; junker; khan; lagopus; lepage; lineata; linnaeus; linstow; list; listed; lucida; lyrurus; lópez; magwisha; mediorhynchus; meleagris; meleagris baer; meleagris ortlepp; metroliasthes; molin; nematode; new; neyra; nfor; nigeria; nile; north; northern; numida meleagris; numidae; numididae; octopetalum; onderstepoort; order; ortlepp; otis; pallas; parasites; parroti; perdix; permin; perspicillum; phasianus; pintneri; poulsen; proglottina; pterocles; raillietina; republic; research; roux; rudolphi; schmidt; schrank; sicarius; skrjabinia; south; south africa; southern; spasskaya; spasskii; species; spiralis; strongylina; subfamily; subspecies; subulura; suctoria; sudan; superfamily; syngamus; synhimantus; synonyms; taenia; tanzania; tetragona; tetrameres; tetrao; trachea; travassos; truncata; type; uganda; van; vercruysse; vertebrates; vesicularis; veterinary; von; wagler; west; white; world; yamaguti; zimbabwe
       cache: ojvr-118.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-118.txt

        item: #41 of 505
          id: ojvr-119
      author: Thekisoe, O.M.M.; Omolo, J.D.; Swai, E.S.; Hayashida, K.; Zhang, J.; Sugimoto, C.; Inoue, N.
       title: Preliminary application and evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of bovine theileriosis and trypanosomosis in Tanzania : research communication
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 1894
      flesch: 56
     summary: LAMP primer set for T. congolense 18S rRNA FIP: 5’-GCG CAT GCG TCG GTG TTA TTT TCG CGT GTG TGT TCA TGT CA-3’; BIP: 5’-ACT CTC CCC CCA AAA TGG TTG TCC AAG CAC GCA AAT TCA CAT-3’; Our study revealed a low preva- lence of T. congolense infections in Arusha (Table 1).
    keywords: 2003; amplification; arusha; blood; bovine; cattle; congolense; dar; detection; dna; infections; inoue; isothermal; lamp; loop; parva; pcr; primer; research; salaam; samples; sensitivity; spp; study; sugimoto; table; tanzania; theileria; theileriosis; trypanosoma; trypanosomosis; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-119.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-119.txt

        item: #42 of 505
          id: ojvr-12
      author: Motloang, M. Y.; Thekisoe, O. M.M.; Alhassan, A.; Bakheit, M.; Motheo, M. P.; Masangane, F. E.S.; Thibedi, M. L.; Inoue, N.; Igarashi, I.; Sugimoto, C.; Mbati, P. A.
       title: Prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in horses belonging to resource-poor farmers in the north-eastern Free State Province, South Africa
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 4737
      flesch: 56
     summary: Of the tested serum samples, 28/29 (96.5 %), 20/21 (95.2 %) and 42/42 (100 %) were positive by IFAT for T. equi infections in Harrismith, Kestell and Qwaqwa, respectively, and 5/29 (17.2 %), 13/21 (61.9 %) and 30/42 (71.4 %) were sero-positive for B. caballi infections in Harrismith, Kestell and Qwaqwa, respectively. All DNA samples from the study sites were negative for B. caballi infections by PCR, but five samples, two from each of Kestell and Warden and one from Vrede, were PCR positive for T. equi infections.
    keywords: africa; animals; antibodies; b. caballi; babesia; babesia caballi; blood; caballi; caballi infections; control; d.t; detection; dna; eastern; eastern free; equi; equine; false; farmers; free; free state; harrismith; horses; ifat; infections; journal; kestell; mbati; min; negative; north; onderstepoort; p.a; parasitaemia; parasites; parasitology; pcr; piroplasmosis; positive; prevalence; province; qwaqwa; research; resource; samples; smears; south; state; study; survey; t. equi; table; test; theileria; tick; true; university; veterinary; vrede; waal; warden
       cache: ojvr-12.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-12.txt

        item: #43 of 505
          id: ojvr-120
      author: Labuschagne, K.; Gerber, L.J.; Espie, I.; Carpenter, S.
       title: Culicoides biting midges at the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa : research communication
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 2954
      flesch: 55
     summary: While C. bolitinos is known to possess a sub- stantially greater vector competence for both BTV and AHSV than C. imicola (Venter et al. 1998, 2000), it was found in relatively low abundance, and should be relatively easy to control by more rapid removal (Bishop et al. 2005) or treatment of dung (Standfast, Muller & Wilson 1984) from animal holding areas as it is known to breed directly in the dung of large her- bivores (Meiswinkel 1989). Pro portionately, C. imicola was by far the most common ly trapped species, con- stituting more than 95 % of all midges caught at the buffalo and elephant sites and 67 % at the white rhinoceros/black- faced impala site, where Culi coides cor- 345 K. LABUSCHAGNE et al. nutus de Meillon, 1937 was also comparatively abundant (19 %)
    keywords: 0.1; africa; ahs; arboviruses; area; biosecurity; black; buffalo; ceratopogonidae; culicoides; diptera; diseases; elephant; entomology; g.j; gardens; horse; imicola; impala; journal; light; livestock; medical; meiswinkel; midges; national; nevill; numbers; onderstepoort; paweska; pretoria; research; rhinoceros; risk; sickness; sites; south; species; total; trap; van; vector; venter; veterinary; zoological
       cache: ojvr-120.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-120.txt

        item: #44 of 505
          id: ojvr-1210
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1210
        date: None
       words: 5829
      flesch: 42
     summary: The severity or density of Leptospira organism using WSss was determined according to the method of Twigg and Cox (1976) with slight modification using mild (+) for 1–2 foci with low density of the organism forming a thin layer on the apical part of tubular epithelial cells, moderate (++) for 3–4 foci with denser mass in the form of a thick rope around the lumen with a clear centre and marked (+++) = > 5 foci with entire lumen occluded by a tangled mass of Leptospira organisms. There were no significant (p > 0.05) sex and species differences in Leptospira prevalence.
    keywords: abeokuta; agglutination; agr; agriculture; animals; antelope; antibodies; bratislava; canicola; changes; characterisation; characterised; department; detection; diagnostic; different; disease; dogs; domestic; et al; federal; figure; foci; gcr; gripptotyphosa; gross; hardjo; hare; health; highest; histopathological; hyrax; icterohaemorrhagiae; infection; interstitial; isolates; isolation; journal; kidney; leptospira; leptospirosis; lesions; lizard; mat; medicine; medium; moderate; monitor; negative; nigeria; ogun; organism; partridge; pathogenic; pathology; pomona; positive; prevalence; python; renal; samples; serovars; severity; source; species; state; studies; study; table; test; tissues; titre; tree; tubular; university; veterinary; wildlife; wsss
       cache: ojvr-1210.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1210.txt

        item: #45 of 505
          id: ojvr-122
      author: Apanaskevich, D.A.; Horak, I.G.; Camicas, J-L.
       title: Redescription of Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) elliptica (Koch, 1844), an old taxon of the Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) leachi group from East and southern Africa, and of Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) leachi (Audouin, 1826) (Ixodida, Ixodidae
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 13556
      flesch: 78
     summary: H o o g st ra a l 0 7 8 7 5 7 4 2 C a n is a u re u s Q a ly u b iy a , Q a ly u b iy a , S a n a tir , E zb e t Ih sa n 0 3 F e b 1 9 6 6 I. H e lm y, D . A, nymph, gnathosoma dorsally: a-e—combined palpal width, b-d – width of basis capituli, c-e – width of palp; B, nymph, gnathosoma ventrally: a-b – length of hypostome, a-c – length of gnathosoma, d-e – width of hypostome, f-g – length of palp; C, nymph, scutum: a-b – width, c-d – length; D, male, gnathosoma dorsally: a- d – width of palpal segment II, a-g – combined palpal width, b-e – width of palpal segment III, c-f – width of basis capituli, h-j – length of palpal segment III, i-k – length of palpal segment II, k-m – length of basis capituli, l-m – length of dorsal cornua; E, nymph, leg I: a-b – length of genu, c-d – width of genu A a b c d e a b c d e a b c d f a b c d g f g h i e j k l m B C D E a b c d 184 Redescription of Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) elliptica (Koch, 1844) sequently, the shape and the length of these spurs vary according to the plane along which they are observed.
    keywords: africa; b e; b l; b o; c e; c o; d o; d s; e d; e e; e g; e la; e lis; e n; e p; e q; e ra; e s; e st; e t; e tt; elliptica; f e; fig; g o; h e; h o; haemaphysalis; ir e; iv e; k e; k o; l e; l o; leachi; length; lp e; m b; m e; m o; n =; n b; n c; n d; n g; n n; n o; n p; n th; o ct; o e; o ra; o ri; o rv; o u; palpal; r e; r n; rhipistoma; s h; s n; s o; s s; segment; sh o; st ra; t h; t n; t o; ti o; ticks; u b; u e; u g; u l; u m; u n; u p; u s; w e
       cache: ojvr-122.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-122.txt

        item: #46 of 505
          id: ojvr-1221
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1221
        date: None
       words: 5803
      flesch: 47
     summary: Daily information was requested on wildlife sightings by the livestock owners, noting the location of the sighting, the species involved and distance from domestic cattle, as well as grazing with other cattle herds, that is, how many cattle herds interact with his herd. Farmers reported wildlife sightings on 73.1% of farmer days.
    keywords: african; animal; areas; authority; average; border; bovine; bovis; btb; buffalo; cattle; close; conditions; contact; cross; daily; database; day; disease; distance; elizabeth; environmental; et al; farmers; figure; grazing; health; herd; high; infection; interactions; interface; kob; kock; likely; livestock; march; medicine; michel; models; month; mycobacterium; national; near; number; odds; owners; park; period; points; qenp; queen; reported; reports; research; richard; risk; sightings; south; species; spread; study; survival; table; time; transmission; tuberculosis; uganda; ungulates; veterinary; warthog; watering; weeks; white; wildlife
       cache: ojvr-1221.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1221.txt

        item: #47 of 505
          id: ojvr-123
      author: Madekurozwa, M-C.
       title: Ultrastructural features of the uterus in the sexually immature ostrich (Struthio camelus) during periods of ovarian inactivity and activity
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4162
      flesch: 53
     summary: In some areas slender non-ciliated cells were ob- served between the ciliated cells. An interesting observation of the present study was the occurrence of secretory granules in the majority of non-ciliated cells, but only in a few ciliated cells.
    keywords: active; activity; addition; apical; arrows; birds; calcium; camelus; cells; ciliated; ciliated cells; columnar; cytoplasm; dense; domestic; electron; epithelium; features; fig; folds; gland; granules; immature; immature ostrich; inactive; journal; lucent; madekurozwa; micrograph; microscopy; non; nuclei; openings; ostrich; ostriches; ovarian; ovaries; ovary; oviduct; plasma; presence; regions; research; scanning; secretory; struthio; studies; study; surface; transmission; tubular; ultrastructural; uterus
       cache: ojvr-123.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-123.txt

        item: #48 of 505
          id: ojvr-125
      author: Kubi, C.; Billiouw, M.; Van den Bossche, P.
       title: Age prevalence of trypanosomal infections in female Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera : Glossinidae) on the plateau area of eastern Zambia
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4581
      flesch: 59
     summary: In an attempt to clarify the age-dependent maturation pro- cess of immature infections the fitted age-prevalence models of mature and immature infections are com- pared. Infections in the proboscis alone were recorded as vivax-type, in the proboscis and the midgut as congolense-type and in the midgut alone as immature infections.
    keywords: age; analysis; area; blood; capita; congolense; days; developmental; female; fit; flies; fly; glossina; immature; immature infections; infected; infections; maturation; maudlin; midgut; model; month; morsitans; morsitans morsitans; observations; ovarian; period; prevalence; rate; relationship; significant; study; trypanosomal; tsetse; type; type infections; variation; vivax; welburn; woolhouse; year; zambia
       cache: ojvr-125.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-125.txt

        item: #49 of 505
          id: ojvr-1257
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1257
        date: None
       words: 3455
      flesch: 46
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.12.005 Li, H., Zhu, X., Zheng, Y., Wang, S., Liu, Z., Dou, Y. et al., 2013, ‘Phylogenetic analysis of two Chinese orf virus isolates based on sequences of B2L and VIR gene’, Archives of Virology 158(7), 1477–1485. Clinical signs of pox, contagious ecthyma and papillomatosis are similar and difficult to distinguish (Khalafalla, Al-Busada & El-Sabagh 2015a; Khalafalla et al. 2015b; Mosadeghhesari et al. 2014; Nagarajan et al. 2010).
    keywords: amplification; analysis; authors; b2l; camels; ce41; cell; chain; contagious; disease; dna; dromedarius; ecthyma; et al; gene; goats; inoshima; iran; isolates; jodhpur; journal; khalafalla; kottaridi; mercer; methods; min; mosadeghhesari; msoke; nagarajan; nucleotide; orf011; orf045; orfv; pcpv; pcr; phylogenetic; polymerase; ppv; primers; reaction; research; results; samples; sequence; sheep; shiraz; skin; study; vaccine; veterinary; virology; virus
       cache: ojvr-1257.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1257.txt

        item: #50 of 505
          id: ojvr-126
      author: Horak, I.G.; Golezardy, H.; Uys, A.C.
       title: Ticks associated with the three largest wild ruminant species in Southern Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 6811
      flesch: 57
     summary: Margaropus winthemi This tick is commonly known as the winter horse tick, and its distribution in the cooler higher-lying re- gions of the country suggests that its original hosts TABLE 5 Male to female ratios of tick species collected from giraffes, African buffaloes and eland in southern Africa Tick species Total No. of adult ticks Male:female ratio Male Female Male Female Amblyomma hebraeum Amblyomma variegatum Haemaphysalis aciculifer Haemaphysalis silacea Hyalomma glabrum Hyalomma marginatum rufipes Hyalomma truncatum Ixodes pilosus group Ixodes rubicundus Margaropus winthemi Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Rhipicephalus capensis Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus Rhipicephalus exophthalmos Moreover, because of the large size of the hosts, large numbers of adult ticks were collected (Gallivan & Horak 1997), and the greater certainty with which the adult ticks can be identified has augmented the accuracy of our iden- tification of the immature stages, and hence our re- sults.
    keywords: a.c; adults; africa; amblyomma; animals; baines; boomker; boophilus; buffaloes; cape; decoloratus; distribution; domestic; eastern; eland; evertsi; females; fourie; game; giraffes; glabrum; group; haemaphysalis; hebraeum; horak; hosts; hyalomma; i.g; imfolozi; immature; infest; ixodes; ixodid; journal; knp; kudu; large; larvae; males; males females; mountain; mtethomusha; natal; national; north; numbers; nymphs; onderstepoort; onderstepoort journal; parasites; park; present; province; regions; research; reserve; rhipicephalus; ruminant; scrub; shores; south; south africa; southern; species; stages; table; thomas; ticks; total; uys; veterinary; walker; western; wild; zebra
       cache: ojvr-126.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-126.txt

        item: #51 of 505
          id: ojvr-1262
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1262
        date: None
       words: 6968
      flesch: 44
     summary: We evaluated the ability of the reverse line blot (RLB) hybridisation assay, two nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assays and a duplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to detect A. marginale and A. centrale infections in cattle (n = 66) in South Africa. We evaluated the ability of three different techniques, the RLB hybridisation assay (Bekker et al. 2002), nPCR assays (Decaro et al. 2008; Molad et al. 2006) and a duplex qPCR assay (Decaro et al. 2008), in detecting A. marginale and A. centrale infections in cattle in South Africa.
    keywords: 16s; a. centrale; a. marginale; africa; agreement; analysis; anaplasma; anaplasma centrale; anaplasma marginale; anaplasmosis; assay; babesia; blood; blot; bovine; carelli; cattle; centrale infections; chain; clinical; clone; control; copies; decaro; decaro et; department; detection; different; dilutions; diseases; dna; duplex; et al; f48a; field; figure; gene; hybridisation; infections; journal; line; marginale msp1β; microbiology; molad; molecular; msp1β; msp2; mtshali; negative; nested; npcr; npcr assay; oosthuizen; parasitology; plasmid; polymerase; positive; potgieter; pretoria; primers; products; qpcr; quantitative; reaction; real; region; research; results; reverse; rlb; rrna; samples; secondary; sensitive; sequence; single; south; south africa; species; specific; strains; study; table; target; tests; theileria; tick; time; tropical; university; use; vaccine; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-1262.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1262.txt

        item: #52 of 505
          id: ojvr-1265
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1265
        date: None
       words: 3980
      flesch: 43
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0402.980205 Barandika, J.F., Hurtado, A., Garcia-Esteban, C., Gil, H., Escudero, R., Barral, M. et al., 2007, ‘Tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in wild and domestic small mammals in northern Spain’, Applied and Environmental Microbiology73(19), 6166–6171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00590-07 Boretti, F.S., Perreten, A., Meli, M.L., Cattori, V., Willi, B., Wengi, N. et al., 2009, ‘Molecular investigations of Rickettsia helvetica infection in dogs, foxes, humans and Ixodes ticks’, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75(10), 3230–3237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00220-09 Brah, S., Daou, M., Salissou, L., Mahaman, S.A., Alhousseini, D., Amelie, I.B. et al., 2015, ‘Fever of unknown origin in Africa: The causes are often determined!’, Health Science and Diseases 16(2), 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/589868 Rutherford, J.S., Macaluso, K.R., Smith, N., Zaki, S.R., Paddock, C.D., Davis, J. et al., 2004, ‘Fatal spotted fever rickettsioses, Kenya’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(5), 910–913.
    keywords: africa; animals; areas; blood; clinical; county; damaliscus; detection; diseases; dna; domestic; et al; fever; figure; finding; genbank; gene; glta; group; humans; infectious; jensenius; jimela; journal; kenya; laikipia; livestock; lunatus; maasai; mara; molecular; national; parola; pcr; presence; prevalence; raoult; research; reserve; rickettsia; rickettsioses; role; rutherford; sampled; sampling; sequences; sfg; sibirica; sites; species; ssp; study; table; tick; topi; travellers; veterinary; wildlife; zoonotic
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        item: #53 of 505
          id: ojvr-1269
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1269
        date: None
       words: 7886
      flesch: 49
     summary: Abstract The objective of the study was to establish an operational somatic cell count (SCC) threshold to predict the presence of intramammary infection (IMI) in composite milk samples and compare findings with those in quarter milk samples. In composite samples, milk from the four udder quarters is combined, with a consequent dilution effect that has required different interpretation of the results from quarter milk samples.
    keywords: africa; analysis; animal; cases; cells; clinical; composite; composite milk; composite samples; count; cows; culture; dairy; data; et al; harmon; health; herds; high; higher; imi; increased; index; indicator; infected; infection; information; international; intramammary; journal; laboratory; levels; likelihood; lower; mastitis; milk; milk samples; ml milk; negative; number; pantoja; parity; pathogens; percentage; petzer; positive; pretoria; quality; quarter; quarter milk; quarter samples; ratio; results; ruegg; samples; scc; scc test; scc threshold; schepers; schukken; science; screening; sensitivity; set; similar; smith; somatic; south; specificity; studies; study; table; test; threshold; udder; university; use; values; veterinary; youden
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        item: #54 of 505
          id: ojvr-127
      author: Karzis, J.; Donkin, E.F.; Petzer, I.M.
       title: Intramammary antibiotics in dairy goats : effect of stage of lactation, parity and milk volume on withdrawal periods, and the effect of treatment on milk compositional quality
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4161
      flesch: 58
     summary: Milk fat In previous studies moderately strong positive cor- relations were present between percentage milk fat and percentage protein in goat milk and moderately negative correlations between percentage milk fat and electrical conductivity (Park & Humphrey 1986; Park 1991). The compositional quality of goat milk for different breeds is given in Table 1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herds used in trials Three trials were conducted.
    keywords: antibiotics; control; correlation; cow; curaclox; dairy; data; different; fat; goats; groups; high; intramammary; karzis; lactation; lactose; mean; milk; milking; parity; percentage; period; protein; rilexine; significant; spectrazol; stage; table; treatment; trial; withdrawal; yield
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        item: #55 of 505
          id: ojvr-1271
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1271
        date: None
       words: 5166
      flesch: 41
     summary: https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.22218 EDQM, 2008, ‘European Pharmacopoeia’, in Clostridium perfringens vaccines for veterinary use, p. 363, Strasbourg, France, European Department for the Quality of Medicines. References Bokori-Brown, M., Savva, C.G., Fernandes da Costa, S.P., Naylor, C.E., Basak, A.K. & Titball, R.W., 2011, ‘Molecular basis of toxicity of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin’, Federation of European Biochemical Societies Journal 278, 4589–4601.
    keywords: acid; africa; alum; analysis; animals; antibody; antigen; assay; band; benthamiana; biosciences; blot; candidate; chandran; clostridium; commercial; control; council; days; disease; dpi; enterotoxaemia; epsilon; epsilon toxin; et al; etox; etx; expression; extracts; figure; gel; guinea; industrial; kda; leaves; mass; mice; molecular; native; neutralisation; non; obp; page; perfringens; pigs; plant; positive; post; potency; production; protein; recombinant; regulatory; research; results; safety; scientific; sds; serum; sheep; site; size; south; study; table; toxicity; toxin; toxoid; transient; type; unit; use; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; virus; weight; western
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        item: #56 of 505
          id: ojvr-129
      author: Stevens, K.B.; Spickett, A.M.; Vosloo, W.; Pfeiffer, D.U.; Dyason, E.; Du Plessis, B.
       title: Influence of dipping practices on the seroprevalence of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in the foot-and-mouth disease buffer zone adjoining the Kruger National Park in South Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 5531
      flesch: 53
     summary: Confirmed vectors of B. bigemina are Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus and Rhipicephalus (Booph- ilus) microplus (nomenclature according to Horak, Camicas & Keirans 2002), while B. bovis is trans- mitted only by the latter tick species. The parasites are widespread in South Africa, except in very low rainfall areas, coinciding with the distribution of their tick vectors; B. bigemina being more widespread than B. bovis which occurs mainly in high rainfall areas.
    keywords: africa; anaplasma; anaplasmosis; animals; areas; b. bovis; babesia; babesiosis; bigemina; bovine; bovis; buffer; cattle; cause; control; data; decoloratus; dipping; diptank; disease; farmers; foot; free; government; groups; herdsmen; kruger; limpopo; local; marginale; microplus; mpumalanga; number; parasites; park; period; positive; potgieter; proportion; province; questionnaire; seropositive; seroprevalence; significant; south; stoltsz; study; table; tick; vaccination; veterinary; year; zone
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        item: #57 of 505
          id: ojvr-13
      author: Abolnik, C.; Gerders, G. H.; Kitching, J.; Swanepoel, S.; Romito, M.; Bisschop, S. P.R.
       title: Characterization of pigeon paramyxoviruses (Newcastle disease virus) isolated in South Africa from 2001 to 2006
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 3939
      flesch: 61
     summary: Our findings suggest that PPMV-1 150 Pigeon paramyxoviruses (Newcastle disease virus) isolated in South Africa FIG.1 Phylogenetic tree of a 374-bp region of the fusion protein gene of PPMV-1 viruses. Characterization of pigeon paramyxoviruses (Newcastle disease virus) isolated in South Africa from 2001 to 2006.
    keywords: 4bii; abolnik; adobe; africa; aldous; alexander; analysis; avian; cape; capua; characterization; chickens; clade; d.j; disease; doves; e.f; europe; false; ground; hornbill; icpi; infected; infection; isolates; journal; kaleta; king; laboratory; lineage; lomniczi; meulemans; newcastle; nucleotide; nwp; old; onderstepoort; paramyxovirus; pathogenicity; pathology; phylogenetic; pigeon; poultry; ppmv-1; pretoria; protein; province; reported; research; sequence; south; strains; town; true; type; variant; veterinary; virus; viruses; werner; western
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        item: #58 of 505
          id: ojvr-1301
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1301
        date: None
       words: 7906
      flesch: 51
     summary: https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v74i3.126 Horak, I.G., Jordaan, A.J., Nel, P.J., Van Heerden, J., Heyne, H. & Van Dalen, E.M., 2015, ‘Wildlife translocation: Implications for disease and the introduction of foreign tick species into Free State Province, South Africa’, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 86(1), Art. General Although fewer black than white rhinoceroses were sampled for ticks, they were examined in more geographic regions and hence a greater number of tick species were recovered from them.
    keywords: acari; adults; africa; amblyomma; animals; black; black rhinoceroses; cape; collections; dermacentor; distribution; domestic; eastern; elephants; figure; free; glabrum; hares; hebraeum; horak; hosts; hyalomma; i.g; immature; infest; ixodid; ixodidae; journal; karoo; kruger; kwazulu; large; maculatus; mouthparts; namibia; natal; national; national park; north; northern; norval; numbers; nymphs; onderstepoort; ornate; parasites; park; present; province; regions; research; reserves; rhinocerinus; rhinoceroses; rhinos; rhipicephalus; rufipes; south; south africa; southern; sparsum; species; state; study; table; tholloni; tick species; ticks; truncatum; veterinary; walker; west; western; white; white rhinoceroses; wildlife; zambia; zimbabwe
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        item: #59 of 505
          id: ojvr-1302
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1302
        date: None
       words: 4709
      flesch: 50
     summary: Conclusion Horses examined countrywide were found to be infested with a large variety of tick species of which R. evertsi evertsi was the most widespread. Several tick species collected from the horses and donkeys are the vectors of economically important diseases of livestock.
    keywords: africa; amblyomma; animals; appendiculatus; cape; cattle; causative; decoloratus; distribution; domestic; donkeys; eastern; evertsi; evertsi evertsi; figure; hebraeum; horak; horses; hosts; hyalomma; i.g; ixodid; journal; large; limpopo; mountain; national; norval; onderstepoort; organism; parasites; park; present; pretoria; province; r. evertsi; research; rhipicephalus; rhipicephalus evertsi; rufipes; south; south africa; species; state; study; ticks; truncatum; university; vector; veterinary; vos; walker; zebra; zimbabwe
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        item: #60 of 505
          id: ojvr-1303
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1303
        date: None
       words: 4344
      flesch: 53
     summary: Amongst the Testudinidae, more collections of A. marmoreum adults have been made from leopard tortoises than from any other species of tortoise (Horak et al. 2006b; Table 1). Rechav and Fielden (1995) reported that the male to female ratio of A. marmoreum adults differed depending on the season during which leopard tortoises were examined in the National Zoological Gardens, Pretoria.
    keywords: adults; africa; amblyomma; angulate; animals; biome; cape; collections; days; development; distribution; eastern; females; hebraeum; hingeback; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; infest; journal; larvae; leopard; leopard tortoises; life; males; marmoreum; natal; national; north; nuttalli; nymphs; onderstepoort; park; research; south; species; stages; sylvaticum; testudinidae; ticks; tortoises; veterinary; walker
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        item: #61 of 505
          id: ojvr-1306
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1306
        date: None
       words: 5938
      flesch: 48
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.07.012 Dimitrov, K.M., Ramey, A.M., Qiu, X., Bahl, J. & Afonso, C.L., 2016, ‘Temporal, geographic, and host distribution of avian paramyxovirus 1 (Newcastle disease virus)’, Infection Genetics and Evolution 39, 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.008 Dortmans, J.C.F.M., Peeters, B.P.H. & Koch, G., 2012, ‘Newcastle disease virus outbreaks: Vaccine mismatch or inadequate application?’, Veterinary Microbiology 160, 17–22. Maminiaina, O.F., Gil, P., Briand, F.-X., Albina E., Keita, D., Andriamanivo, H.R. et al., 2010, ‘Newcastle disease virus in Madagascar: Identification of an original genotype possibly deriving from a died out ancestor of genotype IV’, PLoS One 5(11), e13987. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.00139875(11) Mapaco, L.P., Monjane, I.V., Nhamusso, A.E., Viljoen, G.J., Dundon, W.G. & Achá, S.J., 2016, ‘Phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from commercial poultry in Mozambique (2011-2016)’, Virus Genes 52(5), 748–753. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1362-6 Mase, M., Imai, K., Sanada, Y., Sanada, N., Yuasa, N., Imada, T. et al., 2002, ‘Phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease virus genotypes isolated in Japan’, Journal of Clinical Microbiology 40(10), 3826–3830. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.10.3826-3830.2002 Mayo, M.A., 2002, ‘Virus taxonomy’, Archives of Virology 147, 1071–1076.
    keywords: 1990s; abolnik; africa; alexander; analysis; apmv-1; asia; association; avian; birds; cape; cases; chickens; china; class; commercial; control; cull; d.j; disease; disease virus; early; east; et al; europe; exotic; flocks; fowl; genotype; genotype viid; goose; index; infected; infection; isolates; journal; july; kluge; kwazulu; large; layer; likely; liu; live; measures; natal; newcastle; newcastle disease; outbreaks; paramyxovirus; phylogenetic; poultry; present; pretoria; production; province; region; respiratory; september; severe; signs; south; south africa; southern; species; sporadic; spread; strains; symptoms; time; vaccination; vaccine; velogenic; verwoerd; veterinary; viib; viid; viih; viii; virology; virulent; virus; viruses; western; world
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        item: #62 of 505
          id: ojvr-131
      author: Boomker, J.; Junker, K.
       title: Tetrameres numida n. sp. (Nematoda: Tetrameridae) from Helmeted guineafowls, Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758), in South Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 12391
      flesch: 67
     summary: E-mail: joop.boomker@up.ac.za Accepted for publication date 4 April 2007—Editor 116 Tetrameres numida n. sp. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen Helmeted guineafowls, Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758), were collected on a farm 60 km to the west of Musina (Messina), Limpopo Province, South Africa (22°22.139’ S, 29°30.399’ E) between July 2005 and November 2006.
    keywords: b l; b o; d t; e d; e ft; e le; e n; e o; e r; e ri; e s; e t; e v; g e; g h; g s; h e; h t; ir s; ja b; l e; l o; l p; l s; la e; la n; le b; le n; le p; m b; m e; m o; n b; n ce; n d; n g; n l; n n; n p; n s; n t; n te; n tr; n u; n w; numida; o la; o le; o n; o rt; o st; o u; o v; o w; p e; p h; p ic; p o; p p; s b; s m; s o; s p; s s; se n; sh o; spicule; spines; st e; t o; t s; te e; tetrameres; u b; u e; u m; u s; w s; y le
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        item: #63 of 505
          id: ojvr-1313
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1313
        date: None
       words: 7885
      flesch: 47
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References Appendix 1 About the Author(s) Evans M. Mathebula New Generation Vaccines Programme, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa Frederika E. Faber New Generation Vaccines Programme, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Wouter van Wyngaardt New Generation Vaccines Programme, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Antoinette van Schalkwyk Molecular Epidemiology and Diagnostics, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Alri Pretorius New Generation Vaccines Programme, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa Jeanni Fehrsen New Generation Vaccines Programme, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa Citation Mathebula, E.M., Faber, F.E., Van Wyngaardt, W., Van Schalkwyk, A., Pretorius, A. & Fehrsen, J., 2017, ‘B-cell epitopes of African horse sickness virus serotype 4 recognised by immune horse sera’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 84(1), a1313. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1313 Original Research B-cell epitopes of African horse sickness virus serotype 4 recognised by immune horse sera Evans M. Mathebula, Frederika E. Faber, Wouter van Wyngaardt, Antoinette van Schalkwyk, Alri Pretorius, Jeanni Fehrsen Received: 13 July 2016; Accepted: 29 Sept. 2016; Published: 24 Feb. 2017 Copyright: © 2017.
    keywords: acid; african; african horse; ahsv-4; amino; antibodies; antigenic; binding; bluetongue; cell; clones; data; day; display; dna; elisa; epitopes; et al; faber; fehrsen; figure; gene; general; genome; high; horse; horse sickness; igg; immune; journal; library; mapping; martinez; matches; mertens; methods; neutralising; new; non; ns3; ns4; nucleic; number; onderstepoort; panning; pbs; peptides; phage; plessis; position; protection; proteins; purified; reading; recombinant; regions; research; roy; segment; sequences; sequencing; sera; serotype; serum; sickness; south; specific; structural; study; system; throughput; torrecuadrada; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; van; veterinary; virology; virus; vp2; vp5; vp6; vp7; wells; wyngaardt
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        item: #64 of 505
          id: ojvr-1316
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1316
        date: None
       words: 2498
      flesch: 43
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.07.013 Ben Dhaou, S., Sailleau, C., Babay, B., Viarouge, C., Sghaier, S., Zientara, S. et al., 2016, ‘Molecular characterisation of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus associated with a Tunisian outbreak among cattle in 2006’, Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 64(2), 250–262. https://doi.org/10.1556/004.2016.025 Ben Hassine, T., Conte, A., Calistri, P., Candeloro, L., Ippoliti, C., De Massis, F. et al., 2015, ‘Identification of suitable areas for West Nile virus circulation in Tunisia’, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01282.x Wasfi, F., Dachraoui, K., Cherni, S., Bosworth, A., Barhoumi, W., Dowall, S. et al., 2016, ‘West Nile virus in Tunisia, 2014:
    keywords: africa; antibodies; ben; bluetongue; btv; circulation; diseases; dromedaries; ehdv; elisa; epizootic; et al; evidence; fever; haemorrhagic; hassine; infection; kebili; medenine; nile; north; rift; rvf; rvfv; sera; serotype; sghaier; south; study; tunisia; université; valley; vector; virus; vétérinaire; west; wnv
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        item: #65 of 505
          id: ojvr-134
      author: Mbao, V.; Berkvens, D.; Dorny, P.; Van Den Bossche, P.; Marcotty, T.
       title: Comparison of the survival on ice of thawed Theileria parva sporozoites of different stocks cryoprotected by glycerol or sucrose
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 5080
      flesch: 58
     summary: Studies conducted in this region using a glycerated T. parva Katete stock stabilate (Geysen, Bishop, Skil ton, Dolan & Morzaria 1999) showed that after 6 h of storage on ice stabilates could still protect 90 % of the immunized animals (Marcotty et al. 2001). For glycerol stabilates, an equal amount of chilled MEM/BSA with glycerol at 15 % (w/v) was added drop-wise (OIE 2005).
    keywords: 2001; animals; berkvens; brown; burridge; cattle; chitongo; coast; cunningham; different; dose; east; fever; fig; g. �; glycerol; ice; immunization; infectivity; k2s; katete; loss; marcotty; mbao; medicine; method; model; observed; parasitology; parva; purnell; significant; similar; sporozoites; stabilates; stocks; storage; sucrose; theileria; ticks; time; titration; tropical; variable; veterinary; vitro; vivo; work; zambia
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        item: #66 of 505
          id: ojvr-135
      author: Maina, N.; Kagira, J.M.
       title: Occurrence of multiple drug resistance in Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolated from sleeping sickness patients
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 3906
      flesch: 57
     summary: Other studies have documented re- duced virulence amongst resistant T. brucei and T. evansi strains (Mutugi 1993; Egbe-Nwiyi et al. 2005). A reduced virulence of resistant isolates has been observed in many pathogenic organisms.
    keywords: aceturate; animal; brucei; brucei rhodesiense; brun; cattle; chloride; control; cross; days; different; diminazene; drug; groups; homidium; human; infected; isolates; isometamidium; j.m; kaminsky; kenya; ketri; livestock; matovu; mean; melarsoprol; mice; multiple; occurrence; parasitology; patients; period; research; resistant; rhodesiense; sensitive; sensitivity; sickness; sleeping; spread; strains; studies; study; survival; treatment; trypanosoma; trypanosoma brucei; trypanosomosis; welburn
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        item: #67 of 505
          id: ojvr-136
      author: Swai, E.S.; French, N.P.; Karimuribo, E.D.; Fitzpatrick, J.L.; Bryant, M.J.; Kambarage, D.M.; Ogden, N.H.
       title: Prevalence and determinants of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in smallholder dairy cattle in Iringa and Tanga Regions of Tanzania
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4487
      flesch: 58
     summary: Study animals The population of interest consisted of all smallhold- er mixed dairy farmers and dairy cows from the five administrative districts of Tanga and two of the Iringa study regions. are endemic on smallholder dairy farms in two different regions of Tanzania.
    keywords: 1997; age; animals; cattle; cows; cross; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium spp; dairy; dairy cattle; data; detected; development; different; districts; e.s; effect; epidemiology; explanatory; factors; faecal; faeces; farms; fayer; french; health; human; infection; iringa; iringa region; journal; kambarage; karimuribo; level; likely; management; medicine; mtambo; n.p; number; ogden; oocysts; parasitology; parvum; positive; prevalence; production; region; risk; samples; smallholder; species; spp; studies; study; swai; tanga; tanga region; tanzania; transmission; university; urban; variables; veterinary
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        item: #68 of 505
          id: ojvr-137
      author: Adedapo, A.A.; Omoloye, O.A.; Ohore, O.G.
       title: Studies on the toxicity of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Abrus precatorius in rats
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4023
      flesch: 63
     summary: It may thus be safe to conclude that the aqueous extract of the leaves of A. precatorius can cause toxic effects on the red blood cells of rats. Toxic plants do not produce a direct effect on the white blood cells, such as neu- trophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes (Swenson & Reece 1993).
    keywords: a.a; abrin; abrus; adedapo; albumin; alp; animals; aqueous; bilirubin; biochemical; blood; burkill; cells; changes; cheeke; concentration; control; count; decrease; determined; doses; effects; extract; group; haematological; haemoglobin; ibadan; increase; journal; leaf; leaves; level; liver; mean; merck; parameters; plant; precatorius; protein; publishers; rats; relative; seeds; serum; significant; studies; study; table; testicular; total; toxic; toxicity; tropical; university; values; veterinary; white; x109
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        item: #69 of 505
          id: ojvr-138
      author: Fandamu, P.; Marcotty, T.; Brandt, J.R.A.; Duchateau, L.; Speybroeck, N.; Dolan, T.T.; Berkvens, D.
       title: Red blood cell volume as a predictor of fatal reactions in cattle infected with Theileria parva Katete
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4097
      flesch: 57
     summary: The major clinical signs in T. parva infections are en- largement of lymph nodes, especially those adja- cent to sites of parasite inoculation, pyrexia, lympho- cyte destruction resulting in leukopenia, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary oedema and death (Jura & Losos 1980; Irvin & Mwamachi 1983; Irvin & Mor rison 1987). These findings suggest that animals with a higher proportion of small red blood cells in cir- culation will be more likely to succumb to T. parva infections.
    keywords: anaemia; animals; blood; brown; cattle; cells; clinical; coast; corpuscular; days; diameters; dolan; east; fever; fig; infected; infection; irvin; journal; katete; lethal; lethal reactions; lower; mcv; mean; merozoites; non; observations; packed; parasitaemia; parasite; parasitized; parasitology; parva; pcv; profiles; rbc; rbcs; reactions; red; size; smaller; stage; study; t. parva; theileria; theileria parva; values; veterinary; volume; young; zambia
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        item: #70 of 505
          id: ojvr-1386
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1386
        date: None
       words: 5992
      flesch: 43
     summary: Cases presenting with a case definition that satisfied any one of the following clinical signs (lesions): small paint brush-like clumping of hair, multiple circumscribed scabs over 1 cm in diameter and confluent progressive lesions as described by Hadrill and Walker (1996), were considered clinically to be bovine dermatophilosis cases. Clinical dermatophilosis cases and outbreaks were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test, a p-value of < 0.05 indicated non-normality of the distribution.
    keywords: 1995–2014; amblyomma; analysis; animal; animal health; area; associated; bovine; bovine dermatophilosis; cases; cattle; chatikobo; clinical; clusters; control; data; department; dermatophilosis; disease; distribution; district; dry; et al; farmers; figure; findings; health; hot; journal; likelihood; likely; livestock; mashonaland; median; mid; ndhlovu; north; number; occurrence; outbreaks; period; post; production; rainy; reporting; reports; research; satscan; scan; season; services; software; space; spatial; spread; study; system; temporal; test; tick; time; tropical; university; variegatum; version; veterinary; walker; west; window; year; zimbabwe
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        item: #71 of 505
          id: ojvr-139
      author: Olwoch, J.M.; Van Jaarsveld, A.S.; Scholtz, C.H.; Horak, I.G
       title: Climate change and the genus Rhipicephalus (Acari : Ixodidae) in Africa
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 8179
      flesch: 50
     summary: BIOCLIM was the second climate-based approach employed to model tick distributions (Nix 1986; Norval et al. 1992). In East Africa 30 % of the species (R. humeralis, R. kochi and R. planus) are predicted to show range contractions, while 70 % (R. aquatilis, R. armatus, R. bequaerti, R. carnivoralis R. maculatus, R. mueh- lensi and R. pulchellus) are predicted to show range expansions.
    keywords: acari; africa; analysis; appendiculatus; approach; area; boundaries; capensis; cells; central; change; climate; climate change; contraction; current; darlam; data; disease; distribution; east; erasmus; evertsi; expansion; fig; future; gcm; gcms; general; grid; group; increase; ixodidae; j.m; jaarsveld; km2; limited; mean; model; modelling; national; neumann; norval; number; olwoch; pattern; perry; predictions; present; probability; r. evertsi; randolph; range; regions; research; resolution; results; rhipicephalus; rhipicephalus species; richness; saharan; scale; size; south; species; studies; study; sub; suitability; surface; temperature; tick; tick species; total; use; van; walker
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        item: #72 of 505
          id: ojvr-1398
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1398
        date: None
       words: 7430
      flesch: 37
     summary: 1–3. Blecha, F., 2000, ‘Immune system response to stress’, in GP Moberg & JA Mench (eds.), The biology of animal stress: basic principles and implications for animal welfare, pp. The biology of animal stress: Basic principles and implications for animal welfare, CABI.
    keywords: activation; activity; acute; adrenocortical; animal; animal welfare; antibodies; assessment; associated; axis; biological; body; broom; burdick; burdick et; calf; calves; carroll; cattle; cells; chen; chronic; concentrations; cortisol; dairy; development; disease; duncan; effects; environmental; et al; evaluation; experience; fact; factors; forsberg; function; functioning; glucocorticoids; handling; homeostasis; hpa; hpa axis; hypothalamo; immune; immune system; immunity; innate; journal; kumar; life; lynch; management; moberg; mother; order; pathogens; perception; physical; physiological; pituitary; practices; production; receptors; reproductive; response; result; science; specific; state; stress; stress response; stressors; success; susceptibility; system; target; term; tissues; transport; welfare
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        item: #73 of 505
          id: ojvr-1399
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1399
        date: None
       words: 7699
      flesch: 44
     summary: To assess the stability of lactate over time, blood lactate in fluoride/oxalate was measured on the handheld meter at intervals for up to 91 h. Agreement was best using WBFO in PL mode, with small bias (−0.16), tight 95% limits of agreement (LOA) (−1.46, 1.14) and a Pc (95% CI) of 0.97 (0.92, 0.99). Blood lactate was stable in fluoride/oxalate for 91 h, with a mean change from baseline of 0.15 (−0.178, 0.478) mmol/L (mean, 95% CI).
    keywords: accutrend; adult; africa; agreement; altman; american; analyser; analysis; animal; bench; bland; blood; blood lactate; brown; care; clinical; cobas; comparisons; concentration; concordance; conditions; critical; device; differences; different; dogs; equine; et al; field; fluoride; handheld; heparin; horses; injured; journal; laboratory; lactate; lactate concentration; lactate levels; lactate measurement; lactate values; levels; loa; mean; measured; measurement; medicine; meter; method; mmol; mode; oxalate; pfo; pl mode; plasma; plasma lactate; plasma mode; potassium; prognostic; range; research; reserve; results; rhino blood; rhinos; sample; sodium; south; species; stability; studies; study; table; tennent; test; time; tubes; types; use; values; veterinary; wbfo; wbhep; white
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        item: #74 of 505
          id: ojvr-14
      author: Howell, P. G.; Nurton, Jane P.; Nel, Daleen; Lourens, Carina W.; Guthrie, A. J.
       title: Prevalence of serotype specific antibody to equine encephalosis virus in Thoroughbred yearlings South Africa (1999-2004)
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 5823
      flesch: 48
     summary: Unpublished records of the re- covery of virus from horses during the 1999 out- break of AHS in the Western Cape, showed a simi- lar pattern, with AHS serotype 7 and EEV serotype 1 were transmitted concurrently over a period of 8 weeks. In 1993 Barnard & Paweska reported the identification of antibody against individual serotypes of EEV in a cohort of zebras confined to the Kruger National Park in which neutralising antibody to seven serotypes of EEV was identified.
    keywords: adobe; africa; ahsv; antibody; bluetongue; btv; challenge; cluster; crop; culicoides; december; distribution; eev; eev1; eev6; eev7; encephalosis; encephalosis virus; equine; equine encephalosis; erasmus; false; farms; foals; guthrie; high; homologous; horses; howell; huismans; individual; infection; journal; months; multiple; national; natural; nevill; number; nys; onderstepoort; orbiviruses; p.g; paweska; percentage; period; population; prevalence; regions; research; samples; seasonal; sera; seroconversion; serological; seropositive; seroprevalence; serotype; serum; similar; south; southern; specific; study; summer; survey; table; thoroughbred; transmission; true; vector; veterinary; virus; yearlings; years
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        item: #75 of 505
          id: ojvr-140
      author: Lidetu, D.; Hutchinson, G.W.
       title: The prevalence, organ distribution and fertility of cystic echinoccosis in feral pigs in tropical North Queensland, Australia
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 4487
      flesch: 60
     summary: 1 Frequency distribution of hydatid cysts in feral pigs TABLE 1 Frequency distribution of hydatid cysts in infected feral pigs by sex Sex No. examined No. infected No. not infected % infected Male Female 137 101 44 30 93 71 32.1 29.7 Total 238 74 164 31.1 Chi-square 2.587 Degrees of freedom 1 Significance 0.108 Thus sex and infection are independent 76 Cystic echinoccosis in feral pigs in Tropical North Queensland, Australia 1990). TABLE 2 Frequency distribution of hydatid cysts in infected feral pigs by age Age group No. examined No. infected No. not infected % infected Young Adult 134 104 43 31 93 71 32.1 29.8 Total 238 74 164 31.1 Chi-square 2.587 Degrees of freedom 1 Significance 0.108 Thus sex and infection are independent TABLE 3 Distribution and percentage of fertile hydatid cysts per organ in infected feral pigs Organ infected No. of feral pigs
    keywords: age; animals; australia; baldock; banks; cattle; copeman; cycle; cystic; cysts; data; diameter; differences; disease; distribution; domestic; echinococcosis; echinococcus; feral; feral pigs; fertile; fertility; g.w; granulosus; hutchinson; hydatid; hydatid cysts; hydatidosis; infected; infection; journal; livers; lungs; mean; north; organ; parasite; pigs; prevalence; queensland; r.c.a; sex; significant; size; strain; studies; study; sylvatic; table; thompson; total; tropical; university; veterinary
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        item: #76 of 505
          id: ojvr-141
      author: Golezardy, H.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from animals in three western, semi-arid nature reserves in South Africa : research communication
        date: 2007-09-13
       words: 2963
      flesch: 59
     summary: In addition to the Kruger National Park, which is ap- proximately 2 million ha in size, there are numerous smaller national and provincial nature reserves in South Africa. During the past 80 years several inventories of the arthropod and helminth parasites infesting wildlife in South Africa have been published.
    keywords: acari; adult; africa; animals; arid; cape; capensis; domestic; eastern; eland; gemsbok; glabroscutatum; horak; host; hyalomma; i.g; immature; ixodid; ixodidae; journal; mammals; mountain; national; nature; onderstepoort; parasites; park; province; region; research; reserves; rhipicephalus; rock; semi; south; south africa; species; springbok; table; ticks; truncatum; veterinary; walker; western; wild
       cache: ojvr-141.pdf
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        item: #77 of 505
          id: ojvr-1414
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1414
        date: None
       words: 6596
      flesch: 49
     summary: To reduce such spore inoculum in the environment incineration of anthrax carcasses and burial have been the preferred method and in accordance with WHO and OIE guidelines internationally (Turnbull 2008). Treating anthrax carcasses with 10% formalin would kill the bacteria, deter scavengers that would open the carcass and decrease spread by flies, but remains controversial because of the health and safety issues related to its handling.
    keywords: 2007–2008; abdomen; africa; agar; animal; anthracis; anthracis spore; anthrax; anthrax outbreaks; areas; bacillus; bacillus anthracis; blackburn; blood; bone; bone samples; cape; carcass; carcasses; collection; control; counts; data; department; dikbosch; diseases; distribution; doringbult; ecology; environment; escarpment; et al; farms; figure; flies; game; ghaap; gram; hugh; isolated; isolation; jones; journal; knp; kruger; kudu; livestock; louse; mandibular; mean; measures; methods; national; ncp; northern; orbital; outbreaks; park; plastic; plateau; positive; province; research; samples; scavengers; services; sites; soil; soil samples; south; south africa; spore; spore counts; sporulation; state; study; table; theiler; turnbull; van; veterinary; vos; water
       cache: ojvr-1414.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1414.txt

        item: #78 of 505
          id: ojvr-142
      author: Horak, I.G.; Gallivan, G.J.; Spickett, A.M.; Potgieter, A.L.F.
       title: Effect of burning on the numbers of questing ticks collected by dragging
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 10490
      flesch: 65
     summary: Tick numbers were reduced after the burn, but increased after varying periods thereafter depend- ing on tick species, patterns of seasonal occurrence, and host preference. In 2000/2001 there was a marked drop in tick numbers relative to the pre- ceding years in the burned sub-plots, but little change from the other years in the unburned sub-plots.
    keywords: a.m.; adults; africa; amblyomma; animals; appendiculatus; august; braack; burn; burning; decline; decoloratus; effect; evertsi; experimental; false; fig; fire; flannel; free; haemaphysalis; hebraeum; horak; hosts; i.g; ixodid; journal; kruger; large; larvae; leachi; march; marmoreum; month; national; numbers; nwaswitshaka; nymphs; october; onderstepoort; parasites; park; period; plots; present; questing; replicates; research; rhipicephalus; sampling; seasonality; second; significant; simus; skukuza; small; south; species; spickett; stages; sub; ticks; total; true; unburned; vegetation; veterinary; vos; walker; wild; year; zambeziensis
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        item: #79 of 505
          id: ojvr-1422
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2017-01-20
       words: 328
      flesch: 40
     summary: In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on http://www. ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; journal; onderstepoort; research; reviewer; veterinary
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        item: #80 of 505
          id: ojvr-1425
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1425
        date: None
       words: 2893
      flesch: 37
     summary: Several molecular procedures have been established and used to identify and evaluate S. aureus isolates. According to the presence or absence of the mecA gene in S. aureus isolates, five isolates were MRSA and 26 were MSSA.
    keywords: analysis; aureus; aureus isolates; bacterial; camel; coagulase; different; egypt; epidemiological; et al; evolution; gene; genome; genotyping; holden; isolates; journal; local; locus; meca; methicillin; method; milk; mlst; molecular; mrsa; mssa; multi; phylogenetic; research; resistant; s. aureus; samples; sequence; similarity; st1153; st130; st15; staphylococcus; staphylococcus aureus; studies; table; types; typing; veterinary
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        item: #81 of 505
          id: ojvr-1445
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1445
        date: None
       words: 4236
      flesch: 41
     summary: Abstract Sentinel herds and samples submitted by private equine practitioners were used to determine the sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) and equine encephalosis virus (EEV) in horse and donkey populations in the Highveld region of Zimbabwe. African horse sickness virus serotypes 3 and 9, identified in this study, had not been previously reported in Zimbabwe.
    keywords: african; ahsv; animals; antibodies; antigen; blackburn; blood; cases; clinical; culicoides; detection; donkeys; eev; encephalosis; equine; et al; farms; gordon; guthrie; hamblin; herds; horses; howell; incidence; iqr; journal; kelly; median; median sero; musuka; practitioners; prevalence; private; rainy; research; samples; seasons; sentinel; sero; serotype; sickness; south; spleen; study; time; university; veterinary; virus; zimbabwe
       cache: ojvr-1445.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1445.txt

        item: #82 of 505
          id: ojvr-145
      author: Horak, I.G.; Golezardy, H.; Uys, A.C.
       title: The host status of African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer, for Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4676
      flesch: 54
     summary: TABLE 1 Numbers of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus collected from African buffaloes in five nature reserves in South Africa Host Date Locality Number of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus Larvae Nymphs Males Females Total Buffalo 1* Buffalo 2* Buffalo 3 Buffalo 4 Buffalo 5** Buffalo 6 Buffalo 7 Buffalo 8 Buffalo 9 Buffalo 10 Buffalo 11 Buffalo 12 Buffalo 13 July 1999 July 1999 Sept 1985 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 June 1994 July 1994 July 1994 Mtethomusha reserve Mtethomusha reserve Kruger National Park Umfolozi reserve Umfolozi reserve Umfolozi reserve Umfolozi reserve Hluhluwe reserve Hluhluwe reserve Hluhluwe reserve Hluhluwe reserve Eastern Shores Eastern Shores – – 0 590 234 180 200 288 6 10 116 8 44 – – 0 28 178 0 0 82 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 186 2 0 48 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 (0) 120 (8) 0 0 28 (2) 6 (0) 2 (0) 0 0 0 0 0 0 630 718 182 200 446 12 16 118 8 44 Total Ratio 1 676 10.5 290 1.8 248 1.6 160 (10) 1.0 2 374 Total excluding buffalo calf no. 5 Ratio 1 442 36.1 112 2.8 62 1.6 40 (2) 1.0 1 656 * = Immobilized and examined only for adult ticks ** = Calf, approximately 6 months old ( ) = Number of standard female ticks, i.e. with idiosoma > 4.0 mm in length TABLE 2 Total numbers of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus collected from African buffaloes and antelopes at various localities in South Africa Host (number examined) Locality Number of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus Larvae Nymphs Males Females Total Buffalo (1) Buffaloes (10) Kruger National Park KwaZulu-Natal 0 1 676 0 290 0 248 0 160 (10) 0 2 374 Ratio 10.5 1.8 1.6 1.0 Impalas (135) In a nature reserve in Mpumalanga Province adjacent to the KNP, two immobilized buffaloes, from which only adult ticks were collected, were not infested with R. (B.) decoloratus, whereas greater kudus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, examined during the same time of year in the KNP harboured large numbers of adult ticks of this species.
    keywords: adult; african; animals; blue; boophilus; buffaloes; burdens; decoloratus; eastern; false; females; horak; host; i.g; impalas; infestation; journal; june; knp; kruger; kudus; kzn; large; larvae; natal; national; nature; north; number; nyalas; nymphs; onderstepoort; parasites; park; province; ratio; research; reserve; resistance; rhipicephalus; south; species; syncerus; table; ticks; time; total; true; veterinary; vos; wildebeest
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        item: #83 of 505
          id: ojvr-1450
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1450
        date: None
       words: 3716
      flesch: 42
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.08.030 Santos, E.U.D., Silva, M.A.R., Pontes, N.E., Coutinho, L.C., Paiva, S.S., Castro, R.S. et al., 2016, ‘Detection of different bovine papillomavirus types and co-infection in bloodstream of cattle’, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 63(1), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12237 Shafti-Keramat, S., Schellenbacher, C., Handisurya, A., Christensen, N., Reininger, B., Brandt, S. et al., 2009, ‘Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) and BPV2 are closely related serotypes’, Virology 393(1), 1–6. M. Ozkan Timurkan Department of Virology, Atatürk University, Turkey M. Eray Alcigir Department of Pathology, Ankara University, Turkey Citation Timurkan, M.O. & Alcigir, M.E., 2017, ‘Phylogenetic analysis of a partial L1 gene from bovine papillomavirus type 1 isolated from naturally occurring papilloma cases in the northwestern region of Turkey’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 84(1), a1450.
    keywords: 2016; alcigir; analysis; ankara; black; bovine; bovine papillomavirus; bpv-1; breeds; bursa; cases; cattle; cells; characterisation; collected; cutaneous; deltapapillomavirus; development; different; distribution; dna; et al; figure; findings; genotype; genus; grindatto; hamad; infection; lesions; molecular; neoplastic; northwestern; papilloma; papillomatosis; papillomavirus; pcr; phylogenetic; polymerase; presence; products; project; provinces; reaction; region; results; samples; samsun; sequence; skin; strains; studies; study; timurkan; tissue; turkey; type; university; usa
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        item: #84 of 505
          id: ojvr-1455
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1455
        date: None
       words: 5632
      flesch: 50
     summary: Gallbladder motility also facilitates bile concentration. Pass, M.A. & Heath, T.J., 1977, ‘Factors affecting gallbladder motility in sheep’, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C 56(2), 127–131.
    keywords: activity; amplitude; animals; bile; biliary; bowel; bursts; complex; conditions; contractions; corpus; distal; duct; duodenal; duodenum; duration; experiments; fasted; fed; feeding; figure; frequency; fundus; gallbladder; gallbladder corpus; gallbladder infundibulum; gastrointestinal; higher; infundibulum; journal; k.w; like; longer; lower; lsbp; migrating; mmc; motility; motor; myoelectrical; non; ovine; ovine gallbladder; pattern; phase; physiology; rams; recordings; roman´ski; romański; sarna; second; sheep; shorter; similar; slow; small; specific; spike; spike bursts; table; waves
       cache: ojvr-1455.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1455.txt

        item: #85 of 505
          id: ojvr-146
      author: Madekurozwa, M-C.; Kimaro, W.H.
       title: Ultrastructural features of the follicular wall in developing follicles of the sexually immature ostrich (Struthio camelus)
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4086
      flesch: 50
     summary: The follicular wall consists of a zona ra- diata, granulosa cell layer, basal lamina and thecal layer. The follicular wall enclosing the ovocyte was composed of four layers: the zona radi- ata; granulosa cell layer; basal lamina and thecal layer (theca interna and theca externa).
    keywords: apical; basal; bodies; camelus; cells; cytoplasmic; dense; domestic; electron; externa; false; fibroblasts; fig; follicles; follicular; fowl; granulosa; granulosa cell; immature; journal; kimaro; lamina; layer; madekurozwa; membrane; ostrich; ovarian; ovocyte; plasma; precursors; present; previtellogenic; primordial; processes; radiata; research; simple; smooth; struthio; study; thecal; transosomes; true; ultrastructural; vitellogenic follicles; wall; wyburn; yolk; zona
       cache: ojvr-146.pdf
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        item: #86 of 505
          id: ojvr-1465
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1465
        date: None
       words: 4211
      flesch: 40
     summary: After 72 h exposure to geigerin, the ER vesicles became enlarged and the ribosomes appeared disorganised and detached when compared to control cells (Figure 5). Cell cultures The murine skeletal muscle C2C12 cell line (CRL-1772) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA).
    keywords: activity; africa; analysis; annexin; apoptosis; apoptotic; aspera; assay; botha; buffer; c2c12; cells; concentration; control; culture; cytometry; cytotoxicity; dehydrogenase; department; electron; end; exposure; figure; flow; geigerin; grosskopf; journal; kellerman; lactones; ldh; line; medium; mitochondrial; mm geigerin; model; mtt; murine; myoblasts; necrosis; onderstepoort; period; plant; plates; poisoning; research; results; rimington; sesquiterpene; sheep; south; studies; tem; tetrazolium; van; vermeersiekte; veterinary; zhang
       cache: ojvr-1465.htm
  plain text: ojvr-1465.txt

        item: #87 of 505
          id: ojvr-147
      author: Mbao, V.; Berkvens, D.; Dolan, T.; Speybroeck, N.; Brandt, J.; Dorny, P.; Van den Bossche, P.; Marcotty, T.
       title: Infectivity of Theileria parva sporozoites following cryopreservation in four suspension media and multiple refreezing : evaluation by in vitro titration
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 5218
      flesch: 55
     summary: The results indicate that RPMI can be used as a cheaper freezing medium for T. parva stabilates and that refrozen stabi- late doses need to be adjusted for the 35 % loss of infectivity. Comparison of respective infectivities of test stabi- late media to those of MEM stabilates were con- ducted by calculating the ratios of effective doses EDMEM/EDX  where ED = the effective dose, in tick equivalent, of stabilate that results in a given propor- tion of wells to be positive and x = test media.
    keywords: 2004; adobe; batch; berkvens; brandt; brown; bsa; burridge; cattle; coast; control; cunningham; cycle; different; dolan; doses; east; effect; effective; evaluation; false; fcs; fever; ice; infectivity; international; loss; lower; marcotty; mbao; media; medium; mem; multiple; parasitology; parva; pbs; production; purnell; ratios; refreezing; refrozen; rpmi; second; serum; sporozoite; stabilates; storage; table; theileria; tick; times; titration; tropical; true; use; veterinary; vials; vitro; wells; zambia
       cache: ojvr-147.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-147.txt

        item: #88 of 505
          id: ojvr-148
      author: Horak, I.G.; McKay, I.J.; Henen, B.T.; Heyne, Heloise; Hofmeyer, Margaretha D.; De Villiers, A.L.
       title: Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 7148
      flesch: 58
     summary: Although we have examined numerous birds and mammals, we have not collected larvae or nymphs of A. sylvaticum from any of them, and it would thus appear as if infesta- tions on other tortoise species and reptiles augment the population of immature ticks (Table 3). It would seem that the larger the species the greater the number of adult ticks it is likely to har- bour, and leopard tortoises, the largest of the South African species, carried most adult ticks.
    keywords: 1998; adult; africa; amblyomma; angulate; animals; burridge; cape; collections; common; compactus; distribution; domestic; eastern; exornatum; false; fig; genus; geographic; hebraeum; horak; hosts; i.g; journal; large; larvae; latum; leopard; lizards; localities; males; marmoreum; monitor; namaqualand; northern; norval; number; nuttalli; nymphs; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; padloper; parasites; pardalis; present; province; psammobates; python; reptiles; research; seasonality; signatus; simmons; single; snake; south; south africa; southern; species; speckled; surveys; sylvaticum; table; tent; tentorius; theiler; ticks; tortoise; total; true; veterinary; walker; western; wild; xlvii; zimbabwe
       cache: ojvr-148.pdf
  plain text: ojvr-148.txt

        item: #89 of 505
          id: ojvr-150
      author: Golezardy, H.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of small antelopes : steenbok, Raphicerus campestris and suni, Neotragus moschatus : research communication
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 2963
      flesch: 59
     summary: In addition to the Kruger National Park, which is ap- proximately 2 million ha in size, there are numerous smaller national and provincial nature reserves in South Africa. During the past 80 years several inventories of the arthropod and helminth parasites infesting wildlife in South Africa have been published.
    keywords: acari; adult; africa; animals; arid; cape; capensis; domestic; eastern; eland; gemsbok; glabroscutatum; horak; host; hyalomma; i.g; immature; ixodid; ixodidae; journal; mammals; mountain; national; nature; onderstepoort; parasites; park; province; region; research; reserves; rhipicephalus; rock; semi; south; south africa; species; springbok; table; ticks; truncatum; veterinary; walker; western; wild
       cache: ojvr-150.pdf
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        item: #90 of 505
          id: ojvr-1505
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1505
        date: None
       words: 4187
      flesch: 42
     summary: Abstract A convenience sample of sheep and cattle herds around the cities of Harare, Kwekwe and Bulawayo, located in the Highveld region of Zimbabwe, was used to estimate the sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) antibodies. Detection of antibodies against bluetongue virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus to determine sero-prevalence Venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) vacutainers from a total of 137 cattle and 72 sheep on the participating farms at the start of the three rainy seasons (1999/2000; 2000/2001; 2001/2002).
    keywords: africa; animal; antibodies; blood; bluetongue; bluetongue virus; btv; cattle; ceratopogonidae; culicoides; detection; diptera; disease; ehdv; elisa; epizootic; et al; farm; gordon; guthrie; haemorrhagic; health; herds; highveld; incidence; iqr; journal; kelly; maclachlan; median; mellor; musuka; prevalence; rainy; research; samples; seasons; sentinel; sero; serotype; sheep; south; species; studies; study; university; vectors; veterinary; virus; zimbabwe
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        item: #91 of 505
          id: ojvr-151
      author: Skinner, J.D.; Dott, H.M.; Matthee, A.; Hunt, L.
       title: Captive breeding of the white rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum, and the Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer : research communication
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 2523
      flesch: 57
     summary: Buffaloes The monthly distribution of buffalo calf births over a period of 3 years is illustrated in Fig. Male calves weighed 41.20 ± 0.68 kg vs 39.00 ± 0.73 kg (range 24–60 kg) for female calves but this difference was not significant.
    keywords: adobe; africa; birth; breeding; buffalo; buffaloes; calf; calves; calving; cape; captive; cows; dams; data; evidence; false; females; interval; male; mean; months; national; park; private; ratio; rhinoceros; sex; skinner; solole; south; true; white; year
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        item: #92 of 505
          id: ojvr-1510
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1510
        date: None
       words: 4384
      flesch: 38
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.18714-0 Diel, D.G., Da Silva, L.H., Liu, H., Wang, Z., Miller, P.J. & Afonso, C.L., 2012, ‘Genetic diversity of avian paramyxovirus type 1: Proposal for a unified nomenclature and classification system of Newcastle disease virus genotypes’, Infection, Genetics and Evolution 12(8), 1770–1779. References Aldous, E.W. & Alexander, D.J., 2001, ‘Detection and differentiation of Newcastle disease virus (avian paramyxovirus type 1)’, Avian Pathology 30(2), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450120044515 Aldous, E. W., Mynn, J.K., Banks, J. & Alexander, D.J., 2003, ‘A molecular epidemiological study of avian paramyxovirus type 1 (Newcastle disease virus) isolates by phylogenetic analysis of a partial nucleotide sequence of the fusion protein gene’, Avian Pathology 32(3), 239–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/030794503100009783 Alexander, D.J., 2003, ‘Newcastle disease, other paramyxoviruses and Pneumovirus infections’, in Y.M. Saif, H.J. Barnes, J.R. Glisson, A.M. Fadly, L.R. McDougald & D.E. Swayne (eds.), Diseases of poultry, 11th edn., pp.
    keywords: acid; africa; aldous; alexander; amino; analysis; apmv-1; aquatic; aquatic birds; avian; birds; byarugaba; cleavage; college; d.j; different; disease; disease virus; et al; evolution; france; fusion; genotype; isolates; journal; lentogenic; makerere; medicine; molecular; national; newcastle; newcastle disease; paramyxovirus; pcr; phylogenetic; polymerase; poultry; protein; reaction; research; samples; sequences; site; snoeck; strains; studies; study; table; toulouse; type-1; uganda; university; veterinary; virology; virulence; virulent; virus; viruses; waterfowl; wild; wild birds; world
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        item: #93 of 505
          id: ojvr-152
      author: Barson, M.; Avenant-Oldewage, A.
       title: Nematode parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from the Rietvlei Dam, South Africa
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 3257
      flesch: 63
     summary: A survey of fish parasites in Lake Kariba. Contracaecum larvae have been recorded from cat- fish and other fish species from many water bodies nr o ic ic ve va int a ag l o A B C 93 M. BARSON & A. AVENANT-OLDEWAGE in South Africa (Whitfield & Heeg 1977; Mashego & Saayman 1981; Boomker 1982, 1994a, b; Saayman et al. 1991), Zimbabwe (Chishawa 1991; Douëllou 1992; Barson 2004), and East Africa (Malvestuto & Ogambo-Ongoma 1978; Aloo 2001).
    keywords: 1977; 1982; 1994a; africa; avenant; barson; boomker; buccal; burchell; catfish; clarias; contracaecum; dam; end; fig; fish; fishes; freshwater; gariepinus; johannesburg; journal; kariba; khalil; laeviconchus; lake; larvae; length; mashego; measurements; mokgalong; moravec; nematode; oesophagus; oldewage; onderstepoort; parasites; prevalence; procamallanus; research; rietvlei; saayman; scale; south; south africa; species; specimens; study; tail; university; veterinary; zimbabwe
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        item: #94 of 505
          id: ojvr-1528
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1528
        date: None
       words: 5572
      flesch: 45
     summary: Data collection and management Ugandan FMD outbreak records for the districts of Rakai and Isingiro were retrieved from the National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre (NADDEC) that carries out routine national surveillance in response to disease outbreaks. Locally, FMD outbreaks affect the sale and purchase of livestock and livestock products, resulting in loss of income.
    keywords: adjacent; affected; africa; agriculture; analysis; animal; area; ayebazibwe; border; boundary; cattle; circulation; control; counties; county; data; disease; distribution; districts; dry; east; epidemiology; et al; fao; farmers; figure; fmd; fmd outbreaks; foot; health; implications; information; international; introduction; isingiro; kasanga; kyerwa; livestock; major; missenyi; mouth; mouth disease; namatovu; nardo; national; number; outbreaks; period; presence; rakai; region; research; serotypes; signs; spatial; spread; study; sub; tanzania; tanzania border; temporal; trans; uganda; veterinary; virus; wards; wildlife
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        item: #95 of 505
          id: ojvr-153
      author: Mavenyengwa, M.; Mukaratirwa, S.; Obwolo, M.; Monrad, J.
       title: Observations on mass production of Calicophoron microbothrium metacercariae from experimentally and naturally infected Bulinus tropicus
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4936
      flesch: 49
     summary: For such studies to succeed large stocks of viable amphistome metacercariae are required (Swart & Reinecke 1962a) and the first step is to de- velop a routine technique for establishing and main- taining infected snails for harvesting metacercariae. The attempt at mass production of C. microbothrium using experimentally infected B. tropicus was large- ly unsuccessful as low numbers of cercariae were recovered and snail mortality was high.
    keywords: adobe; amphistomes; amphistomosis; aquaria; boray; bulinus; calicophoron; collection; conditions; day; dinnik; eduardo; eggs; end; experimentally; exposure; false; field; fischoeder; growth; habitat; high; horak; infected; infection; journal; laboratory; large; light; mass; metacercariae; microbothrium; miracidia; mortality; natural; numbers; paramphistomum; parasitology; period; plastic; pond; production; rate; reference; reinecke; research; ruminants; shedding; sheep; snails; source; species; studies; study; swart; tropicus; true; veterinary; water; weeks; zimbabwe
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        item: #96 of 505
          id: ojvr-154
      author: Barson, M.; Avenant-Oldewage, A.
       title: On cestode and digenean parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from the Rietvlei Dam, South Africa
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 5026
      flesch: 58
     summary: Despite the abundance and diversity of proteo- cephalid cestodes in African freshwater fish (Khalil & Polling 1997), only one species, Proteocephalus glanduliger has been recorded in South Africa from C. gariepinus (Mashego 1977, 2001; Van As & Bas- son 1984; Saayman et al. 1991). A survey of fish parasites in Lake Kariba.
    keywords: 1977; adobe; adult; africa; anterior; avenant; barson; birds; bray; burchell; catfish; cestode; clarias; clarias gariepinus; dam; digenean; false; fig; fish; fishes; freshwater; gariepinus; glanduliger; gravid; helminth; helminthology; hooks; host; intensity; johannesburg; jones; journal; kariba; khalil; l*w; l.f; lake; lebowa; length; mashego; mature; mean; metacercariae; new; oldewage; organ; ornithodiplostomum; parasites; parasitology; polling; polyonchobothrium; prevalence; proglottids; proteocephalus; research; rietvlei; rietvlei dam; rostellum; s.n; saayman; scale; scolex; size; south; south africa; southern; species; specimens; study; sucker; table; testes; true; university; van; vertebrates; zimbabwe
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        item: #97 of 505
          id: ojvr-1543
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1543
        date: None
       words: 5195
      flesch: 46
     summary: One tool that has been used successfully in detecting the parasites in tsetse flies is the repetitive insertion mobile element loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RIME LAMP). The use of dry RIME LAMP in the field for xenomonitoring of trypanosomes in tsetse flies will greatly contribute towards control of this neglected tropical disease as it provides the cheapest, fastest and simplest way to estimate possible human infective trypanosome infection rates in the tsetse fly vectors.
    keywords: african; amplification; brucei; chain; control; dead; detection; diagnostic; disease; dna; dry; dry lamp; dry rime; element; et al; female; field; flies; fly; hayashida; human; infection; insertion; internal; isothermal; its1; journal; lamp; liquid; liquid rime; loop; malawi; mobile; morsitans; parasite; pcr; performance; polymerase; positive; reaction; repetitive; results; rhodesiense; rime; rime lamp; samples; spacer; species; sra; study; surveillance; table; tool; transcribed; trypanosomes; trypanosomiasis; trypanozoon; tsetse; tsetse flies; university; use; xenomonitoring
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        item: #98 of 505
          id: ojvr-156
      author: Luseba, D.; Van der Merwe, D.
       title: Ethnoveterinary medicine practices among Tsonga speaking people of South Africa
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4996
      flesch: 52
     summary: TABLE 2 List of plant family and botanical names followed by Tsonga names, plant part (s) used, indication(s), preparation and dos- age where applicable Family and botanical name Tsonga name Indication Plant part Preparation Asclepiadaceae Sarcostemma viminale Neta Wound Aerial part Grind and apply directly on the wound. There was no mention of supernatural causes of animal diseases and no ritu- als were observed when diagnosing or treating live- stock.
    keywords: adobe; aerial; africa; angolensis; animal; area; averbeke; bark; blackquarter; botanical; cape; cattle; causes; control; conventional; crush; der; diarrhoea; discussions; disease; dose; eastern; eriocarpum; ethnic; ethnoveterinary; euphorbiaceae; evm; fabaceae; false; farmers; general; grind; ground; groups; healers; heartwater; important; indigenous; information; institute; journal; knowledge; leaves; list; livestock; local; masika; materials; medicinal; medicine; merwe; methods; mix; names; onderstepoort; people; placenta; plants; practices; preparation; production; province; remedies; research; rural; skin; sonandi; south; south africa; species; state; study; table; tick; traditional; treatment; true; tsonga; use; van; veterinary; water; wound
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        item: #99 of 505
          id: ojvr-1562
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1562
        date: None
       words: 3237
      flesch: 39
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.9.4431-4434.2003 Bastos, A.D., Penrith, M.L., Crucière, C., Edrich, J.L., Hutchings, G., Roger, F. et al., 2003, ‘Genotyping field strains of African swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation’, Archives of Virology 148, 693–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-002-0946-8 Bastos, A.D.S., Penrith, M.L., Macome, F., Pinto, F. & Thomson, G.R., 2004, ‘Co-circulation of two genetically distinct viruses in an outbreak of African swine fever in Mozambique: No evidence for individual co-infection’, Veterinary Microbiology 103, 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.09.003 Boshoff, C.I., Bastos, A.D., Gerber, L.J. & Vosloo, W., 2007, ‘Genetic characterisation of African swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern Africa (1973–1999)’, Veterinary Microbiology 121, 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1865-1682.2009.01078.x Misinzo, G., Kasanga, C.J., Mpelumbe-Ngeleja, C., Masambu, J., Kitambi, A.& Van Doorsselaere, J., 2012, ‘African swine fever virus, Tanzania, 2010–2012’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 18, 2081–2083. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1812.121083 Penrith, M.L., Pereira, C.L., Da Silva, M., Quembo, C., Nhamusso, A.& Banze, J., 2007, ‘African swine fever in Mozambique: Review, risk factors and considerations for control’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 74, 149–60.
    keywords: 2007/1; african; african swine; analysis; asf; asfv; chipata; chipata/1; department; diseases; district; domestic; eastern; et al; evolutionary; fever; figure; fisheries; genetic; genotype; georgia; livestock; mbala; ministry; oie; outbreaks; p54; p72; penrith; pigs; province; relationships; research; services; simulundu; south; strains; swine; swine fever; veterinary; virus; viruses; zam/2017; zambia
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        item: #100 of 505
          id: ojvr-1568
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1568
        date: None
       words: 6528
      flesch: 32
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00001-14 Eldar, A., Ghittino, C., Asanta, L., Bozzetta, E., Goria, M., Prearo, M. et al., 1996, ‘Enterococcus seriolicida is a junior synonym of Lactococcus garvieae, a causative agent of septicemia and meningoencephalitis in fish’, Current Microbiology 32(2), 85–88. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.70.3.1254 Iacovache, I., van der Goot, F.G. & Pernot, L., 2008, ‘Pore formation: An ancient yet complex form of attack’, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1778, 1611–1623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.01.026 Johnston, J., Myers, L.E., Ochs, M.M., Benjamin, W.H. Jr, Briles, D.E. & Hollingshead, S.K., 2004, ‘Lipoprotein PsaA in virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Surface accessibility and role in protection from superoxide’, Infection and Immunity 72(10), 5858–5867. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.72.10.5858-5867.2004 Katakura, Y., Sano, R., Hashimoto, T., Ninomiya, K. & Shioya, S., 2010, ‘Lactic acid bacteria display on the cell surface cytosolic proteins that recognize yeast mannan’, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 86(1), 319–326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2295-y Kearse, M., Moir, R., Wilson, A., Stones-Havas, S., Cheung, M., Sturrock, S. et al., 2012, ‘Geneious Basic: An integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data’, Bioinformatics 28(12), 1647–1649. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts199 Kim, M.S., Choi, S.H., Lee, E.H., Nam, Y.K., Kim, S.K. & Kim, K.H., 2007, ‘α-enolase, a plasmin(ogen) binding and cell wall associating protein from a fish pathogenic Streptococcus iniae strain’, Aquaculture 265(1–4), 55–60.
    keywords: 16s; a11; a12; acid; activity; adhesin; african; agarose; analysis; aquaculture; atcc; austin; avirulent; bacteria; biosynthesis; bragg; capsulated; capsule; cell; cluster; conditions; control; database; detection; development; diseases; display; electrophoresis; enolase; enterococcus; eps; et al; extracellular; factors; figure; filter; fish; garvieae; gel; gene; gram; host; identification; infection; iniae; isolates; journal; kim; lactococcus; lactococcus garvieae; lg2; microbiology; miyauchi; molecular; morita; morita et; ncfb657; negative; non; nox; pathogenic; pcr; phosphoenolpyruvate; phosphotransferase; pneumoniae; polysaccharide; positive; presence; products; protein; putative; putative virulence; rainbow; reaction; reference; resistance; results; role; search; sequence; sequencing; shin; south; staining; strains; streptococcus; study; surface; table; trout; türe; vaccine; veterinary; virulence; virulence factors; visualised; zhang
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        item: #101 of 505
          id: ojvr-157
      author: Van Niekerk, D.J.; Fourie, L.J.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Birds as hosts of immature ixodid ticks in Free State Province, South Africa
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 5091
      flesch: 61
     summary: The larvae and nymphs of H. m. rufipes were most numerous on birds from April to August Keywords: Amblyomma marmoreum, birds, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, ixodid ticks, seasonal occurrence Accepted for publication 28 March 2006—Editor 124 Birds as hosts of immature ixodid ticks in Free State Province, South Africa turan icus, although they usually infest mammals, may infest ostriches, and those of the latter tick, also the larger raptors (Theiler 1962; Norval 1982; Walker, Keirans & Horak 2000). The adults of two other species, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes and Rhipicephalus 123 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 73:123–130 (2006) Birds as hosts of immature ixodid ticks in Free State Province, South Africa D.J. VAN NIEKERK, L.J. FOURIE and I.G. HORAK Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa ABSTRACT VAN NIEKERK, D.J., FOURIE, L.J. & HORAK, I.G. 2006.
    keywords: 1998; adobe; africa; amblyomma; animals; birds; cape; d.j; domestic; eastern; et al; false; fourie; free; glabrum; guineafowls; h. m.; haemaphysalis; harboured; hares; helmeted; horak; hosts; hyalomma; i.g; immature; ixodid; ixodid ticks; journal; l.j; large; lark; larvae; m. rufipes; marginatum; marmoreum; niekerk; norval; number; numerous; nymphs; onderstepoort; parasites; province; rechav; research; reserve; rhipicephalus; rubicundus; rufipes; seasonal; south; south africa; species; spickett; stages; state; ticks; true; van; veterinary; walker; wild; williams
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        item: #102 of 505
          id: ojvr-158
      author: Madekurozwa, M-C.
       title: Immunoreactivities to protein gene product 9.5, neurofilament protein and neuron specific enolase in nerves in the oviduct of the sexually immature ostrich, Struthio camelus
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4281
      flesch: 49
     summary: Nerve fibres within the muscle bundles coursed parallel to the smooth muscle cells, whilst nerve fibres between the muscle bundles were ori- entated obliquely (Fig. 1B). The general neuronal markers, PGP and NSE, have been utilized to demonstrate nerve fibres in the uterus of the horse (Bae, Corcoran & Watson 2001) and the guinea pig (Alm, Lundberg, Wharton & Polak 1988b; Lundberg, Alm, Wharton & Polak 1988).
    keywords: + +; + =; area; blood; bodies; bundles; cell; connective; density; distribution; domestic; enolase; false; fibres; fig; gene; gland; immunoreactive; immunoreactive nerve; innervation; intermuscular; lamina; markers; muscle; muscularis; nerve; nerve fibres; neurofilament; neuron; neuronal; nse; number; observed; ostrich; oviduct; pgp; presence; present; product; propria; protein; regions; sections; serosa; shell; smooth; specific; study; submucosa; tissue; true; tunica; tunica muscularis; vagina; vessels
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        item: #103 of 505
          id: ojvr-1584
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1584
        date: None
       words: 10536
      flesch: 40
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2007.08.005 Arias, M., Sanchis, J., Francisco, I., Francisco, R., Pineiro, P., Cazapal-Monteiro, C. et al., 2013, ‘The efficacy of four anthelmintics against Calicophoron daubneyi in naturally infected dairy cattle’, Veterinary Parasitology 197, 126–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.06.011 Boray, J.C., 1959, ‘Studies on intestinal amphistomosis in cattle’, Australian Veterinary Journal 35, 282–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.02.033 Rinaldi, L., Perugini, A.G., Capuano, F., Fenizia, D., Musella, V., Veneziano, V. et al., 2005, ‘Characterization of the second internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA of Calicophoron daubneyi from various hosts and locations in southern Italy’, Veterinary Parasitology 131, 247–253.
    keywords: 1964a; a.a; adult; africa; amphistome; amphistome infections; amphistome species; amphistomosis; animals; anthelmintic; areas; association; available; boray; bul; bulinus; bulletin; cal; calicophoron; car; carmyerius; cattle; clinical; control; cotylophoron; countries; data; daubneyi; definitive; diagnosis; different; dinnik; disease; distribution; domestic; dry; dube; east; effective; efficacy; end; epidemiology; et al; families; family; fasciola; fischoeder; flukes; forskalii; gastrothylacidae; genera; genus; goats; grazing; habitats; helminthology; high; higher; horak; hosts; identification; immature; infected; infections; intermediate; intermediate hosts; j.a; journal; kafue; kanyari; kenya; keyyu; known; lotfy; management; mavenyengwa; metacercariae; method; microbothrium; monrad; mukaratirwa; nzalawahe; onderstepoort; paramphistomidae; paramphistomum; parasites; parasitology; period; pfukenyi; pfukenyi et; phiri; potential; prevalence; production; rainy; reference; reported; research; review; rolfe; rumen; ruminants; s.l; season; sheep; significant; small; snail; snail hosts; snail species; southern; species; studies; table; tanzania; treatment; trematoda; tropicus; unknown; veterinary; water; wild; young; zambia; zimbabwe
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        item: #104 of 505
          id: ojvr-1595
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1595
        date: None
       words: 4711
      flesch: 41
     summary: Data indicate mean ± SEM from 5 healthy and 13 peste des petits ruminants virus–infected goats. Data indicate mean ± SEM from 5 healthy and 13 peste des petits ruminants virus–infected goats.
    keywords: addition; affected; agricultural; analysis; animal; bangladesh; bengal; bengal goats; bhuiyan; biochemical; black; blood; chloride; chowdhury; clinical; congestion; data; department; et al; figure; filter; flocks; goats; haematological; haemorrhage; healthy; healthy goats; increased; infected; infection; ions; islam; kidney; level; liver; lymph; m.r; marked; mortality; nasal; natural; outbreaks; parvin; pathology; pcr; peste; ppr; pprv; profiles; rahman; research; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; serum; severe; significant; sodium; study; supportive; therapy; total; university; values; virus
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        item: #105 of 505
          id: ojvr-16
      author: Mukaratirwa, S.; Dzoma, B. M.; Matenga, E.; Ruziwa, S. D.; Sacchi, L.; Pozio, E.
       title: Experimental infections of baboons (Papio spp.) and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with Trichinella zimbabwensis and successful treatment with ivermectin
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 5169
      flesch: 51
     summary: TABLE 1 Number of larvae per gram (Lpg) of muscle in baboons and monkeys that died due to Trichinella zimbabwensis infection Larvae per gram of muscle Animal code Histopathological findings of various muscles included a basophilic transformation of muscle cells, the dis appearance of sarcomere myofibrils and basophilic sarcoplasm with the presence of Trichinella larvae in the sarcoplasm.
    keywords: adobe; animals; baboons; basophilic; biopsies; blood; cell; changes; clinical; combination; day; days; experimental; false; fibres; fig; foggin; humans; infected; infection; ivermectin; kociecka; larvae; ldh; levamisole; levels; like; lpg; marucci; masseter; monkeys; mukaratirwa; muscle; non; normal; nurse; oxfendazole; parasitology; peak; post; pozio; presence; pseudospiralis; rosa; ruitenberg; sfb; signs; species; spiralis; spp; structure; studies; study; table; treatment; trichinella; trichinella zimbabwensis; trichinellosis; trichinosis; true; vervet; veterinary; zimbabwensis
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        item: #106 of 505
          id: ojvr-160
      author: Hyera, J.M.K.; Letshwenyo, M.; Monyame, K.B.; Thobokwe, G.; Pilane, A.R.; Mapitse, N.; Baipoledi, E.K.
       title: A serological survey for antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus in indigenous Tswana goats and sheep in Kasane, Maun and Shakawe districts in northwestern Botswana
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 3353
      flesch: 55
     summary: Keywords: Botswana, FMD antibodies, FMD virus, indigenous goats, indigenous sheep 1 Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag 0035, Gaborone 2 Department of Animal Health and Production, Private Bag 0032, Gaborone, Botswana Accepted for publication 16 March 2006—Editor 144 Foot-and-mouth disease virus in indigenous Tswana goats and sheep in Bo tswana MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum samples Individual healthy, unvaccinated Tswana goats and sheep were bled aseptically from the jugular vein using plain vacutainer tubes. The seropositivity rate to SAT 1 was higher than that to SAT 3 and the difference between the TABLE 2 Prevalence of FMD antibodies in indigenous goats within several locations of three districts in northwestern Botswana District Location Number of positive sera total sera tested Prevalence (%) Kasane Kazungula Kachikau Lesoma Kilo 256 Mabele Muchenje Mabozo Satau Kavimba Parakurungu Kataba 5/12 0/23 0/11 0/12 9/53 0/12 1/16 4/39 3/53 2/21 2/8 41.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.98 0.00 16.67 10.26 5.66 9.52 25.00 Maun Senkoyo Mababe Xaxaba 3/101 1/30 1/11 2.97 3.33 9.09 Shakawe Xhau 1 Xhau 2 Gumbo Jao Island 3/40 1/48 2/8 12/38 7.50 2.08 25.00 31.58 146 Foot-and-mouth disease virus in indigenous Tswana goats and sheep in Bo tswana two rates is highly significant (∆ % = 6.80, SE = 1.34; P < 0.001).
    keywords: 1976; adobe; african; anderson; antibodies; assay; botswana; disease; disease virus; distribution; districts; elisa; false; fmd; fmdv; foot; goats; hamblin; hedjazi; indigenous; infection; journal; kasane; maun; mcvicar; mouth; mouth disease; northwestern; number; positive; prevalence; samples; sat; sera; serotypes; shakawe; sheep; sutmoller; table; tested; total; true; veterinary; virus
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        item: #107 of 505
          id: ojvr-1603
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2017-12-20
       words: 332
      flesch: 34
     summary: In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on http://www. ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; journal; onderstepoort; research; reviewers; veterinary
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        item: #108 of 505
          id: ojvr-1604
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1604
        date: None
       words: 2175
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, more knowledge about the life cycle of sea turtle leeches would be beneficial, as some species of Ozobranchus have been implicated as mechanical vectors of fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpesvirus (FPTHV), a neoplastic disease causing epithelial tumours in sea turtles (Greenblatt et al. 2004). Ozobranchus margoi parasitise several species of sea turtle, namely green turtles (Chelonia mydas; Richardson 1969), Kemp’s ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii; Davies & Chapman 1974), hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata; Bunkley-Williams et al. 2008), as well as loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta; Insacco, Violani & Zava 2000).
    keywords: africa; apathy; authors; caretta; convention; cousine; davies; department; eretmochelys; female; granitic; green; hawksbill; host; imbricata; inner; island; january; journal; leeches; margoi; marine; mcgowin; mediterranean; ozobranchus; ozobranchus margoi; pretoria; proceedings; record; sawyer; sea; seychelles; south; species; specimens; spp; truong; turtles; university; williams
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        item: #109 of 505
          id: ojvr-1615
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1615
        date: None
       words: 6477
      flesch: 49
     summary: The findings suggested that cattle anthrax was biologically as well as culturally maintained. Between 1989 and 1995, the Western Province recorded 1626 suspected cases of cattle anthrax of which 51 were confirmed cases (Siamudaala et al. 2006), and 1216 cases were recorded between 1999 and 2007 (Munang’andu et al. 2012).
    keywords: access; aged; animals; anthrax; areas; beliefs; carcass; cattle; common; communities; community; control; cultural; data; department; discussions; disease; disposal; dry; et al; factors; farmers; figure; floodplain; focus; government; grazing; group; health; herds; human; informant; information; interviews; key; lack; lay; livestock; local; mafisa; male; meat; members; methods; munang’andu; officer; outbreaks; owner; people; perceptions; population; practices; professional; province; public; research; risk; services; sitali; spores; staff; study; system; traditional; transmission; university; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; water; western; western province; zambezi; zambia
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        item: #110 of 505
          id: ojvr-1617
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1617
        date: None
       words: 4389
      flesch: 36
     summary: Reza Pasandideh Department of Animal Science, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad Shapouri Department of Pathobiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran Mohammad Taghi Beigi Nassiri Department of Animal Science, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran Citation Pasandideh, R., Seyfi Abad Shapouri, M.R. & Beigi Nassiri, M.T., 2018, ‘Immunogenicity of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus G glycoprotein in mice’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 85(1), a1617. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1617 Original Research Immunogenicity of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus G glycoprotein in mice Reza Pasandideh, Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad Shapouri, Mohammad Taghi Beigi Nassiri Received: 24 Feb. 2018; Accepted: 16 July 2018; Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the immunogenicity of a plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccine encoding the G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) G glycoprotein in mice.
    keywords: abad; analysis; animal; antibodies; antibody; antigen; assay; australia; befv; bovine; bovine ephemeral; cattle; cells; construct; control; elisa; ephemeral; ephemeral fever; epitope; et al; expression; fever; fever virus; g1 protein; gene; glycoprotein; groups; hek; immunisation; immunised; immunogenicity; inactivated; indirect; iran; journal; mice; milk; neutralising; pasandideh; pbst; pcdna3.1; plasmid; protection; protein; research; sera; serum; seyfi; shapouri; specific; strain; studies; study; vaccination; vaccine; virology; virus; walker
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        item: #111 of 505
          id: ojvr-162
      author: Mirzaiedehaghi, M.
       title: Treatment of natural ovine malignant theileriosis with a chloroform extract of the plant Peganum harmala : research communication
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 1935
      flesch: 45
     summary: Keywords: Malignant ovine theileriosis, Peganum harmala extract, sheep, Theileria lestoquardi * E-mail: dr_mirzaie_mo@mail.uk.ac.ir Accepted for publication 19 January 2006—Editor 154 Treatment of ovine malignant theileriosis with chloroform extract of Peganum harmala fairly numerous schizonts were present. Effect of total alkaloid of Peganum harmala L. in the treat- ment of experimental haemosporidian infections in cattle.
    keywords: adobe; alkaloids; cattle; chloroform; dang; days; extract; false; fan; gao; harmala; hooshmand; lestoquardi; liang; malignant; natural; ovine; peganum; plant; preston; puzii; rad; research; sheep; smears; theileria; theileriosis; treatment; true; vecherkin; veterinary; yin; zhao
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        item: #112 of 505
          id: ojvr-1621
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1621
        date: None
       words: 4829
      flesch: 36
     summary: Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli strains were isolated from 71 (22.7%) out of the 312 samples, which possess stx1 and/or stx2. TABLE 3: Antibiotic resistance pattern in Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli strains.
    keywords: analysis; animals; antibiotic; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; bakhshi; calves; cattle; chain; characterization; class; clinical; coli; coli o157; coli strains; diarrhoeic; distribution; dna; e. coli; eae; escherichia; escherichia coli; et al; factors; food; genes; germany; humans; integrons; iran; isolates; journal; mdr; microbiology; molecular; multidrug; negative; non; o157; o157 strains; pcr; penicillin; polymerase; positive; presence; prevalence; reaction; research; resistance; samples; shiga; shiga toxin; stec; stec isolates; stec strains; strains; study; stx1; stx2; sulfamethoxazole; susceptibility; table; tetracycline; toxin; trimethoprim; virulence; zhao
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        item: #113 of 505
          id: ojvr-1626
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1626
        date: None
       words: 4298
      flesch: 44
     summary: co-infection in babesiosis dogs was defined as the percentage of babesiosis dogs that tested positive on PCR for Ehrlichia spp. in babesiosis dogs was 1.3%, while the NPV was 97.4% (Table 2).
    keywords: africa; allsopp; association; babesia; babesiosis; blood; canine; canis; clinical; concurrent; count; data; diagnosis; disease; dogs; ehrlichia; ehrlichia spp; ehrlichiosis; et al; goddard; infected; infection; journal; leukocyte; leukopenia; low; matjila; median; negative; normal; ovah; parasitology; pcr; platelet; population; ppv; predictive; presence; prevalence; range; results; rossi; ruminantium; schoeman; south; spp; studies; study; table; thrombocytopenia; tick; value; veterinary; vogeli
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        item: #114 of 505
          id: ojvr-1629
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1629
        date: None
       words: 4314
      flesch: 39
     summary: Forsyth, L.M., Minns, F.C., Kirvar, E., Adamson, R.E., Hall, F.R., McOrist, S. et al., 1999, ‘Tissue damage in cattle infected with Theileria annulata accompanied by metastasis of cytokine-producing, schizont-infected mononuclear phagocytes’, Journal of Comparative Pathology 120, 39–57. Fry, L.M., Schneider, D.A., Frevert, C.W., Nelson, D.D., Morrison, W.I. & Knowles, D.P., 2016, ‘East coast fever caused by Theileria parva is characterized by macrophage activation associated with vasculitis and respiratory failure’, PLoS One 11(5), e0156004. Goddard, A., Leisewitz, A.L., Kjelgaard-Hansen, M., Kristensen, A.T. & Schoeman, J.P., 2016, ‘Excessive pro-inflammatory serum cytokine concentrations in virulent canine babesiosis’, PLoS One 11(3), e0150113. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150113 Glass, E.J., Craigmile, S.C., Springbett, A., Preston, P.M., Kirvar, E., Wilkie, G.M. et al., 2000, ‘The protozoan parasite, Theileria annulata, induces a distinct acute phase protein response in cattle that is associated with pathology’, International Journal for Parasitology 33, 1409–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(87)91413-9 Oda, S., Hirasawa, H., Shiga, H., Nakanishi, K., Matsuda, K. & Nakamua, M., 2005, ‘Sequential measurement of IL-6 blood levels in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)/sepsis’, Cytokine 29, 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2004.10.010 Okagawa, T., Konnai, S., Mekata, H., Githaka, N., Suzuki, S., Kariuki, E. et al., 2012, ‘Transcriptional profiling of inflammatory cytokine genes in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) infected with Theileria parva’, Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 148, 373–379.
    keywords: acute; annulata; antioxidant; blood; cattle; cell; changes; clinical; concentrations; correlation; course; cytokines; day; days; department; disease; et al; experimental; expression; ferdowsi; haematological; high; ifn; igg; il-6; immunology; infected; infection; iran; islamic; journal; lestoquardi; levels; lymphocytes; mashhad; mean; nazifi; ovine; parameters; parasitaemia; parasitology; parva; pathology; percentage; proinflammatory; razavi; razmi; rbc; republic; results; role; sciences; serum; sheep; study; table; theileria; theileriosis; tnf; university; values; veterinary
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        item: #115 of 505
          id: ojvr-163
      author: Walker, A.R.; Katzer, F.; Ngugi, D.; McKeever, D.
       title: Cloned Theileria parva produces lesser infections in ticks compared to uncloned T. parva despite similar infections in cattle : research communication
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 4358
      flesch: 53
     summary: Therefore re- sults of previous transmission experiments with un- cloned Theileria of the same strains were compared with the performances of cloned Theileria in both cattle and tick infections in order to determine what levels of transmissibility can be expected when plan- ning experiments. The relation between piroplasm parasitaemia and tick infection was examined using data from the uncloned T. par- va transmissions.
    keywords: a.r; abundance; adobe; appendiculatus; bishop; blood; calves; cattle; cells; clinical; cloned; data; day; days; development; difference; dna; false; glands; gut; ilri; immunity; infected; infections; infectivity; lane; marikebuni; markers; mckeever; morzaria; muguga; parasitaemia; parasitology; parva; piroplasms; prevalence; research; rhipicephalus; salivary; schein; significant; similar; spooner; sporoblasts; sporozoites; stabilate; strains; studies; t. parva; theileria; theileria parva; ticks; transmissions; true; uncloned; veterinary; walker; young
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        item: #116 of 505
          id: ojvr-1630
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1630
        date: None
       words: 5646
      flesch: 48
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Aaron E. Ringo National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Gabriel O. Aboge Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya Paul F. Adjou Moumouni National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Seung Hun Lee National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Charoonluk Jirapattharasate Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon Nakhonpathom, Thailand Mingming Liu National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Yang Gao National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Huanping Guo National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Weiqing Zheng Department of Disinfection and Vector Control, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, China Artemis Efstratiou National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Eloiza M. Galon National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Jixu Li National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Oriel Thekisoe Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Noboru Inoue Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Hiroshi Suzuki National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Xuenan Xuan National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Citation Ringo, A.E., Aboge, G.O., Adjou Moumouni, P.F., Hun Lee, S., Jirapattharasate, C., Liu, M. et al., 2019, ‘Molecular detection and genetic characterisation of pathogenic Theileria, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species among apparently healthy sheep in central and western Kenya’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 86(1), a1630. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(94)03107-8 Wamuyu, L., Obanda, V., Kariuki, D., Gakuya, F., Makanda, M., Otiende, M. et al., 2015, ‘Molecular detection and characterization of Theileria Infecting Wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in the Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya’, Pathogens 4(3), 626–638. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens4030626 Yin, H., Schnittger, L., Luo, J., Seitzer, U. & Ahmed, J.S., 2007, ‘Ovine theileriosis in China: A new look at an old story’, Parasitology Research 101(suppl.
    keywords: 16s; 18s; a. ovis; africa; agriculture; analysis; anaplasma; anaplasma ovis; anaplasma spp; babesia; bay; blood; center; clade; control; counties; detection; diseases; ehrlichia; et al; figure; genbank; homa; identity; infection; japan; kenya; machakos; medicine; molecular; national; nucleotide; numbers; obihiro; obihiro university; occurrence; omondi; overall; ovis; parasitology; pathogens; pcr; pcs20; phylogenetic; prevalence; protozoan; research; rrna; ruminantium; ruminants; samples; science; sequences; sheep; small; south; species; spp; studies; study; t. ovis; theileria; theileria ovis; tick; uncharacterised; university; veterinary
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        item: #117 of 505
          id: ojvr-1634
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1634
        date: None
       words: 9595
      flesch: 39
     summary: Vilhena, H., Granada, S., Oliveira, A.C., Schallig, H.D., Nachum-Biala, Y., Cardoso, L. et al., 2014, ‘Serological and molecular survey of Leishmania infection in dogs from Luanda, Angola’, Parasites & Vectors 24, 114. A total of 71.1% of Leishmania positive dogs were imported from these endemic countries.
    keywords: africa; agricultural; analysis; animal; areas; assessment; authors; autochthonous; blood; botswana; canine; canine leishmaniasis; canl; cases; clinical; consequences; council; countries; country; cutaneous; cutaneous leishmaniasis; dantas; data; davidson; detection; diagnosis; diptera; disease; dna; dogs; durban; endemic; entry; epidemiology; et al; evidence; exposure; factors; gallego; genus; grové; hazard; health; high; horak; human; hygiene; identification; ifat; importation; infantum; infected; infection; introduction; journal; krüger; leishmania; leishmania infantum; leishmaniasis; lewis; likelihood; medical; medicine; moderate; namibia; new; north; number; oie; old; onderstepoort; parasites; parasitology; pcr; phlebotomine; phlebotomus; positive; pretoria; psychodidae; region; release; report; research; responsible; results; rhipicephalus; risk; risk assessment; royal; sandflies; sandfly; sanguineus; scientific; sergentomyia; silva; society; solano; south; south africa; southern; species; spp; study; table; test; ticks; time; torres; transmission; tropical; van; vectors; veterinary; visceral; west; wildlife; world; year
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        item: #118 of 505
          id: ojvr-1635
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1635
        date: None
       words: 3958
      flesch: 36
     summary: Chewing lice infestation induced T-helper cells-2 (Th2)-dominant immune response and conferred pro-oxidative haemato-biochemical damages in goats (Ajith et al. 2017b). Discussion and conclusion In this study, the use of ivermectin via subcutaneous route was found effective in controlling chewing lice infestation on goats under field conditions.
    keywords: activity; ajith; animals; body; bovicola; caprae; caprine; cattle; chewing; control; count; day; days; distribution; effective; efficacy; et al; extensive; field; formulations; goats; group; haematological; india; infestation; infested; injectable; ivermectin; journal; lice; lice infestation; louse; medicine; moxidectin; parameters; parasitology; pediculosis; persistent; pour; research; route; science; severe; sheep; significant; skin; smith; studies; study; subcutaneous; surface; system; taylor; therapy; topical; treatment; veterinary; wall; weight
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        item: #119 of 505
          id: ojvr-1638
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1638
        date: None
       words: 5755
      flesch: 44
     summary: The syndromes associated with T. evansi infection are severe and fatal, especially in the late stage of the disease. However, by using TeRoTat1.2 primer, only 32 out of 44 animals were positive for T. evansi infection (Figure 8).
    keywords: able; acid; acute; amplification; animals; antigen; assay; bands; base; blood; brucei; camels; chain; chronic; control; conventional; course; days; deoxyribonucleic; detection; diagnosis; different; disease; dna; dpi; egypt; et al; evansi; evansi infection; experiment; female; figure; group; infected; infection; male; mhct; mice; molecular; mouse; negative; pairs; parasitaemia; parasite; parasitological; parasitology; patent; pcr; polymerase; positive; post; pre; primer; reaction; research; results; samples; sensitivity; sets; stage; study; t. evansi; tbr1/2; technique; terotat1.2; trypanosoma; trypanosoma evansi; trypanozoon; type; veterinary
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        item: #120 of 505
          id: ojvr-1639
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1639
        date: None
       words: 5658
      flesch: 49
     summary: The H-PCV recorded in Boomerang cattle were higher in infected cattle compared to infected cattle grazed near the game parks during the same observation period as judged by the smaller percentage of HA in the Boomerang cows group. (2014) carried out intensive and systematic studies on the epidemiology of cattle trypanosomosis from 2005 to 2008 (Ntantiso et al. 2014) in cattle neighbouring a game park.
    keywords: aat; africa; anaemia; animal; areas; austeni; average; beer; boomerang; bossche; brevipalpis; bromide; calves; cattle; challenge; chloride; congolense; control; day; days; den; et al; ethidium; farm; figure; flies; glossina; green; group; health; herd; high; infection; integrated; journal; kappmeier; kwazulu; months; motloang; murray; nagana; natal; nevill; novidium; ntantiso; onderstepoort; pcv; period; prevalence; productivity; research; results; south; south africa; species; strains; strategic; strategy; study; traps; treatment; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; van; vector; veterinary
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        item: #121 of 505
          id: ojvr-164
      author: Apanaskevich, D.A.; Horak, I.G.
       title: The genus Hyalomma Koch, 1844. I. Reinstatement of Hyalomma (Euhyalomma) glabrum Delpy, 1949 (Acari, Ixodidae) as a valid species with a redescription of the adults, the first description of its immature stages and notes on its biology
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 1150
      flesch: 58
     summary: Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 73:1–12 For nearly 50 years the ixodid tick Hyalomma marginatum turanicum, reputedly introduced into South Africa on imported Persian sheep, has been considered identical to the Asian Hyalomma (Euhy a- lomma) marginatum turanicum Pomerantzev, 1946. The male and female are illus- trated under the name Hyalomma turanicum in Hoog- straal (1956).
    keywords: adults; africa; bar; delpy; glabrum; hyalomma; immature; koch; marginatum; rufipes; south; species; specimens; stages; turanicum
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        item: #122 of 505
          id: ojvr-1644
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1644
        date: None
       words: 4211
      flesch: 36
     summary: Although there have been very few studies that have examined the relationship between vitamin D status and babesiosis in any species (Kules et al. 2014; Mert et al. 2009), numerous studies have linked low vitamin D status to both the development and outcome of infections in human and experimental models of malaria, a disease that has a similar pathophysiology to canine babesiosis (Luong & Nguyen 2015; Reyers et al. 1998). Abstract Introduction Material and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Eran Dvir Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Tel Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, Israel Chantal Rosa Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Runcorn, United Kingdom Ian Handel Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom Richard J. Mellanby Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom Johan P. Schoeman Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Citation Dvir, E., Rosa, C., Handel, I., Mellanby R.J. & Schoeman, J.P., 2019, ‘Vitamin D status in dogs with babesiosis’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 86(1), a1644.
    keywords: 25(oh)d; 25(oh)d concentrations; africa; age; analysis; animal; babesia; babesiosis; blood; canine; canine babesiosis; canis; cats; cerebral; clinical; companion; concentrations; control; d status; development; disease; dogs; effect; et al; experimental; group; healthy; healthy dogs; hydroxyvitamin; hypovitaminosis; infected; infections; internal; j.p; journal; lower; malaria; medicine; mellanby; mice; models; nmol; parasitology; presence; pretoria; r.j; range; relationship; rosa; rossi; schoeman; serum; severity; sex; south; status; studies; study; university; veterinary; vitamin; vitamin d
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        item: #123 of 505
          id: ojvr-1648
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1648
        date: None
       words: 2493
      flesch: 42
     summary: Conversely, Cabaret et al. (2006) found a relationship between diarrhoea in lambs and the presence of Moniezia. Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion and conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Salah Meradi Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, University of Batna 1, Algeria Jacques Cabaret National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), François-Rabelais University, France Bourhane Bentounsi Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Constantine 1, Algeria Citation Meradi, S., Cabaret, J., Bentounsi, B., 2019, ‘Sheep enteric cestodes and their influence on clinical indicators used in targeted selective treatments against gastrointestinal nematodes’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 86(1), a1648. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v86i1.1648 Original Research Sheep enteric cestodes and their influence on clinical indicators used in targeted selective treatments against gastrointestinal nematodes Salah Meradi, Jacques Cabaret, Bourhane Bentounsi Received: 29 Apr. 2018; Accepted: 19 Dec. 2018;
    keywords: algeria; anaemia; animals; bentounsi; cabaret; cestodes; clinical; diarrhoea; disco; eastern; enteric; faecal; famacha; gastrointestinal; gin; group; indicators; infected; infection; low; meradi; moniezia; nematodes; non; parasitology; prevalence; rams; research; score; selective; sheep; slaughter; steppe; table; targeted; treatment; use; veterinary
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        item: #124 of 505
          id: ojvr-166
      author: Horak, I.G.; McKay, I.J.; Heyne, Heloise; Spickett, A.M.
       title: Hosts, seasonality and geographic distribution of the South African tortoise tick, Amblyomma marmoreum
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 7981
      flesch: 61
     summary: With the exception of a single male tick on a bontebok ram examined dur- ing December 1979 in the Bontebok National Park in the Western Cape Province (Horak, Brown, Boom- ker, De Vos & Van Zyl 1982), no large herbiv orous animal was infested with adult ticks. Norval (1975) stated that adult ticks attach in great- er numbers around the bases of the hind-legs of tortoises, and nymphs around those of the forelegs as well as on the head and neck, while larvae are evenly distributed between the two sites.
    keywords: + �; adult; africa; amblyomma; amblyomma marmoreum; animals; birds; boomker; braack; burridge; cape; cattle; collections; cycle; days; distribution; domestic; eastern; false; fielden; fig; fourie; free; guineafowls; hares; helmeted; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; infestation; ixodid; journal; large; larvae; leopard; life; localities; males; mammals; marmoreum; national; north; norval; number; numerous; nymphs; onderstepoort; onderstepoort journal; parasites; park; present; province; rechav; regions; reptiles; research; scrub; seasonality; south; south africa; species; stages; table; ticks; tortoises; total; true; vegetation; veterinary; veterinary research; vos; walker; wild; williams
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        item: #125 of 505
          id: ojvr-1665
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1665
        date: None
       words: 5741
      flesch: 43
     summary: Vieira, I.J., Medeiros, W.L., Monnerat, C.S., Souza, J.J., Mathias, L., Braz-Filho, R. et al., 2008, ‘Two fast screening methods (GC-MS and TLC-ChEI assay) for rapid evaluation of potential anticholinesterasic indole alkaloids in complex mixtures’, Academia Brasileira de Ciências 80, 419–426. Medeiros, M.R., Prado, L.A., Fernandes, V.C., Figueiredo, S.S., Coppede, J., Martins, J. et al., 2011, ‘Antimicrobial activities of indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana catharinensis’, Natural Prodroct Communications 6, 193–196. Mosmann, T., 1983, ‘Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays’, Journal of Immunological Methods 65(1–2), 55–63. Moyo, B. & Masika, P.J., 2009, ‘Tick control methods used by resource-limited farmers and the effect of ticks on cattle in rural areas of the Eastern Cape province, South Africa’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 41, 517–523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-008-9216-4 Mumcuoglu, K.Y., Frish, K., Sarov, B., Manor, E., Gross, E., Gat, Z. et al., 1993, ‘Ecological studies on the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern Israel and its relationship to spotted fever group rickettsiae’, Journal of Medical Entomology 30, 114–121. Nondo, R.S., Moshi, M.J., Erasto, P., Zoufo, D., Njouendou, A.J., Wanji, S. et al., 2015, ‘Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of extracts from medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria in the Kagera and Lindi regions, Tanzania’, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 5(4), 7–12.
    keywords: a.a; acaricidal; acaricidal activity; activity; adenubi; africa; alkaloids; aloe; aqueous; article; aurea; botanicals; cells; chemical; compounds; control; delgado; determination; efficacy; elegans; eloff; essential; et al; evaluation; extracts; fouche; hepg2; hot; human; hydroethanolic; hydroethanolic extracts; indole; isman; ixodidae; journal; lc50; leaves; leboho; material; mcgaw; medicinal; methods; mortality; natural; new; onderstepoort; parasitology; pinnata; plant; plant extracts; positive; pretoria; products; research; results; rhipicephalus; rupestris; safe; schkuhria; sciences; solvent; south; species; stem; tabernaemontana; table; ticks; toxicity; turanicus; university; use; values; vero; veterinary; water; water extracts; wellington; zorloni
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        item: #126 of 505
          id: ojvr-167
      author: Junker, K.; Boomker, J.
       title: A check-list of the pentastomid parasites of crocodilians and freshwater chelonians
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 5161
      flesch: 50
     summary: Alligator mississippiensis Leidy (1856, in Sambon 1922), locality un- known, North America Crocodylus acutus Heymons (1935), South America Caiman crocodilus Heymons (1935), Brazil Genus Sebekia Sambon, 1922 GENERIC DIAGNOSIS: Description of four species of pentastomid parasites belonging to the genera Alofia Giglioli, 1922 and Sebekia Sambon, 1922, from a sin- gle Nile crocodile Cocodylus niloticus from Botswana.
    keywords: 1994; 1995a; 2002; adobe; africa; agema; alligator; alofia; american; anterior; australia; base; bolton; boomker; boulanger; brazil; cadre; caiman; cataphractus; check; chelonians; congo; crocodile; crocodilian; crocodylus; crocodylus porosus; cuvier; description; diagnosis; diesing; diesingia; emys; extension; false; family; forms; freshwater; genera; generic; genus; giglioli; gracilis; gray; heymons; hooks; hosts; huchzermeyer; hydromedusa; inquirenda; journal; junker; larval; latirostris; leiperia; list; locality; megastoma; mississippiensis; new; nile; niloticus; northern; onderstepoort; osteolaemus; oxycephala; parasites; parasitology; partim; pelomedusa; pelonia; pelusios; pentastomid; phrynops; porocephalus; porosus; porosus riley; region; republic; riley; sambon; sebekia; sebekidae; selfia; sinuatus; small; smooth; south; species; spratt; subtriquetra; systematic; territory; tetraspis; true; unknown; vaney; veterinary; winch
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        item: #127 of 505
          id: ojvr-1671
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1671
        date: None
       words: 7197
      flesch: 41
     summary: Similar results were seen in brucellosis KAP studies conducted in northern Uganda (Nabirye et al. 2017) and Kenya (Obonyo & Gufu 2015), where 63% and 79% of community participants had heard of brucellosis, respectively. The main source of brucellosis information was stated as unspecified media in the Jordan study (Musallam et al. 2015), community health workers in the Kenya study (Obonyo & Gufu 2015), parents in the Nigeria study (Buhari et al. 2015) and friends or family members in the Tajikistan study (Lindahl et al. 2015).
    keywords: africa; animal; attitude; average; awareness; bovine; brucellosis; brucellosis kap; buhari; campaigns; cape; cattle; cattle keepers; communal; community; contact; control; daff; department; differences; disease; et al; factors; government; grazing; gufu; health; high; human; importance; information; iqr; jordan; kap; keepers; kenya; knowledge; lindahl; livestock; local; median; meetings; milk; musallam; national; nigeria; obonyo; overall; participants; poor; population; positive; potential; practices; pretoria; prevention; questionnaire; questions; respondents; risk; scores; services; south; south africa; studies; study; table; tajikistan; test; transmission; uganda; value; veterinary; villages; whittlesea; zoonotic
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        item: #128 of 505
          id: ojvr-1673
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1673
        date: None
       words: 5853
      flesch: 42
     summary: in owned and unowned dogs and cats in Northern Italy’, Veterinary Journal 204, 333–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.017 Guest, C.M., Stephen, J.M. & Price, C.J., 2007, ‘Prevalence of Campylobacter and four endoparasites in dog populations associated with hearing dogs’, Journal of Small Animal Practice 48, 632–637, viewed 28 June 2018, from http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00367.x Hald, B. & Madsen, M., 1997, ‘Healthy puppies and kittens as carriers of Campylobacter spp., with special reference to Campylobacter upsaliensis’, Journal of Clinical Microbiology 35, 3351–3352, viewed 24 April 2018, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9399557. Hald, B., Pedersen, K., Wainø, M., Jørgensen, J.C. & Madsen, M., 2004, ‘Longitudinal study of the excretion patterns of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67767. Lastovica, A.J. & Le Roux, E., 2001, ‘Efficient isolation of Campylobacter upsaliensis from stools’, Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39, 4222–4223, viewed 28 June 2018, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11712518. Leahy, A.M., Cummings, K.J., Rodriguez-Rivera, L.D., Hamer, S.A. & Lawhon, S.D., 2017, ‘Faecal Campylobacter shedding among dogs in animal shelters across Texas’, Zoonoses and Public Health 64, 623–627, viewed 28 June 2018, from http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/zph.12356 Leonard, E.K., Pearl, D.L., Janecko, N., Weese, J.S., Reid-Smith, R.J., Peregrine, A.S., et al., 2011, ‘Factors related to Campylobacter spp.
    keywords: acke; africa; agar; age; analysis; animal; bacterial; breed; c. coli; c. jejuni; campylobacter; campylobacter jejuni; campylobacter species; campylobacter spp; campylobacter upsaliensis; carriage; cases; cats; chaban; clinical; clinics; coli; colony; community; comparison; couturier; department; dna; dogs; et al; factors; frequent; hald; healthy; higher; human; infection; isolation; jejuni; journal; july; june; lastovica; living; logistic; microbiology; model; nachamkin; number; occurrence; parsons; pcr; pretoria; prevalence; primers; rates; regression; research; risk; rural; samples; science; sex; single; south; species; sterile; stray; studies; study; university; upsaliensis; vaccinations; veterinary
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        item: #129 of 505
          id: ojvr-1676
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1676
        date: None
       words: 2925
      flesch: 38
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.060194-0 Islam, M.R., Rahman, S., Noor, M., Chowdhury, E.H. & Müller, H., 2012, ‘Differentiation of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) genome segment B of very virulent and classical lineage by RT-PCR amplification and restriction enzyme analysis’, Archives of Virology 157, 333–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-011-1159-9 Ismail, N.M., Saif, Y.M. & Moorhead, P.D., 1988, ‘Lack of pathogenicity of five serotype 2 Infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens’, Avian Diseases 32, 757–759. https://doi.org/10.2307/1590995 Jackwood, D.J., 2004, ‘Recent trends in the molecular diagnosis of infectious bursal disease viruses’, Animal Health Research Reviews 5, 313–316. https://doi.org/10.1079/AHR200490 Jackwood, D.J. & Sommer-Wagner, S.E., 2011, ‘Amino acids contributing to antigenic drift in the infectious bursal disease Birnavirus (IBDV)’, Virology 409, 33–37. References Boot, H.J., Hoekman, A.J. & Gielkens A.L., 2005, ‘The enhanced virulence of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus is partly determined by its B-segment’, Archives of Virology 150, 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-004-0405-9 Brandt, M., Yao, K., Liu, M., Heckert, R.A. & Vakharia, V.N., 2001, ‘Molecular determinants of virulence, cell tropism, and pathogenic phenotype of infectious bursal disease virus’, Journal of Virology 75, 11974–11982. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.75.24.11974-11982.2001 Gao, L., Li, K., Qi, X., Gao, H., Gao, Y., Qin, L., et al., 2014, ‘Triplet amino acids located at positions 145/146/147 of the RNA polymerase of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus contribute to viral virulence’, Journal of General Virology 95, 888–897.
    keywords: acid; africa; amino; analysis; archives; bursal; bursal disease; disease; disease virus; et al; gao; ibdv; infectious; infectious bursal; jackwood; journal; kasanga; laboratory; liu; michel; molecular; namibia; nucleotide; phylogenetic; samples; segment; sequences; study; table; veterinary; virology; virulence; virulent; virus; viruses; vp1; vp2; zambia
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        item: #130 of 505
          id: ojvr-1677
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1677
        date: None
       words: 15893
      flesch: 37
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31451-3_2 Munir, M., Zohari, S., Suluku, R., Leblanc, N., Kanu, S., Sankoh, F.A. et al., 2012, ‘Genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus, sierra leone’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 18(1), 193–195, viewed 01 October 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/. Muniraju, M., Mahapatra, M., Ayelet, G., Babu, A., Munir, M., Batten, C. et al., 2014, ‘Emergence of lineage IV peste des petits ruminants virus in Ethiopia: complete genome sequence of an Ethiopian isolate 2010’, Trans. Emerg. Keywords: peste des petits ruminants virus; lineages; isolates; molecular; epidemiology; vaccine; sheep; goat.
    keywords: a.c; abraham; affected; africa; analysis; animals; antibodies; antigen; areas; asia; attenuated; banyard; banyard et; baron; baron et; barrett; bourdin; cattle; cells; central; chain; characterised; clinical; control; couacy; countries; country; culture; data; days; des; detection; development; diagnosis; diallo; diallo et; different; disease; distribution; dna; d’élevage et; east; elisa; emergence; endemic; epidemiological; epidemiology; epithelial; eradication; et al; et de; ethiopia; fao; field; g. et; gene; general; genetic; genome; global; goats; health; high; host; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/.; hymann; hymann et; iii; important; india; infected; infection; isolates; isolation; iv virus; journal; july; kidney; kumar; kumar et; kwiatek; laboratory; large; libeau; libeau et; lineage; lineage iv; live; mantip; measles; measles virus; microbiology; middle; molecular; morbillivirus; médecine; natural; new; nigeria; non; north; obi; october; outbreaks; ozkul; parida; pcr; peste; petits; petits ruminants; polymerase; populations; ppr virus; pprv; present; prevalence; prevention; production; protein; rapid; reaction; recent; receptor; record; region; reported; reports; research; revue; rinderpest; rinderpest virus; rpv; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; senegal; sequence; serological; shaila; shamaki; sheep; slam; small; small ruminants; southern; species; specific; spread; strains; studies; sudan; susceptible; tanzania; tatsuo; taylor; time; transmission; tropical; tropicaux; turkey; type; vaccination; vaccine; vero; veterinary; viral; virology; virus; virus isolation; virus research; viruses; vétérinaire; w.p; west; western; wild; yanagi; years
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        item: #131 of 505
          id: ojvr-1683
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1683
        date: None
       words: 7135
      flesch: 41
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2010033 Pittman, P.R., Norris, S.L., Brown, E.S., Ranadive, M.V., Schibly, B.A., Bettinger, G.E. et al., 2016a, ‘Rift Valley fever MP-12 vaccine Phase 2 clinical trial: Safety, immunogenicity, and genetic characterization of virus isolates’, Vaccine 34, 523–530. Pittman, P.R., McClain, D., Quinn, X., Coonan, K.M., Mangiafico, J., Makuch, R.S. et al., 2016b, ‘Safety and immunogenicity of a mutagenized, live attenuated Rift Valley fever vaccine, MP-12, in a Phase 1 dose escalation and route comparison study in humans’, Vaccine 34, 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1086/378747 Makoschey, B., van Kilsdonk, E., Hubers, W.R., Vrijenhoek, M.P., Smit, M., Wichgers Schreur, P.J. et al., 2016, ‘Rift Valley fever vaccine virus clone 13 is able to cross the Ovine Placental Barrier associated with foetal infections, malformations, and stillbirths’, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004550 Morrill, J.C., Carpenter, L., Taylor, D., Ramsburg, H.H., Quance, J. & Peters, C.J., 1991, ‘Further evaluation of a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever vaccine in sheep’, Vaccine 9, 35–41.
    keywords: 1:640; agriculture; analysis; animals; antibody; antibody titres; armp-12δnsm21/384; armp-12δnsm21/384 vaccine; assay; authors; biotechnology; c.j; candidates; cells; control; culture; day; days; department; disease; emem; et al; facility; fever; fever mp-12; fever vaccine; fever virus; goats; hircus; human; immune; immunogenicity; journal; laboratory; min; morrill; mp-12; mp-12 vaccine; negative; neutralising; parasitology; paso; pcr; peters; pfu; potential; research; response; results; rift; rift valley; rvfv; safety; samples; serum; sheep; sokoine; studies; study; sua; tanzania; temperatures; texas; titres; university; usa; use; utep; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine virus; valley; valley fever; vero; veterinary; virology; virulent; virus; ° c
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        item: #132 of 505
          id: ojvr-1690
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1690
        date: None
       words: 7871
      flesch: 35
     summary: https://doi.org/10.7589/2010-07-178 Gortazar, C., Beltrán-Beck, B., Garrido, J.M., Aranaz, A., Sevilla, I.A., Boadella, M. et al., 2014, ‘Oral re-vaccination of Eurasian wild boar with Mycobacterium bovis BCG yields a strong protective response against challenge with a field strain’, BMC Veterinary Research 10, 96. In countries with similar challenges, vaccination has been used and found to be promising for treating wild and domestic reservoir species and may hence be of value as a complementary tool for bTB control in South Africa.
    keywords: a.l; africa; animals; areas; bacillus; bcg; bengis; bovine; bovine tuberculosis; bovis; btb; btb control; buddle; buffalo; buffaloes; buss; caffer; case; cattle; challenges; commercial; communal; communal cattle; complex; conservation; control; countries; current; daff; department; disease; domestic; eradication; et al; european; faculty; farming; free; game; helden; herds; high; hip; hlokwe; hosts; human; inactivated; infected; infection; introduction; journal; july; klerk; knp; kriek; kruger; l.m; livestock; lorist; m. bovis; measures; michel; michel et; movement; mycobacterium; mycobacterium bovis; national; number; onderstepoort; park; positive; potential; pretoria; prevalence; quarantine; r.g; research; reservoir; science; south; south africa; southern; species; spread; strains; strategy; syncerus; test; testing; transmission; tst; tuberculosis; tuberculosis control; use; vaccination; vaccine; van; veterinary; white; wildlife; wildlife species; zone
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        item: #133 of 505
          id: ojvr-17
      author: None
       title: ojvr-17
        date: None
       words: 4875
      flesch: 51
     summary: Singh, Dulac and Henderson (1997) found that BTV-11 was not transmitted when sheep embryos collected from infected donors were washed and transferred to uninfected BT-susceptible recipients. Apart from the information mentioned above there is little information on the possible role of sheep embryos in the transmission and spread of BTV and the contradictory results that have been obtained to date create a great deal of uncertainty.
    keywords: additional; africa; animals; bluetongue; btv; btv-4; cattle; cells; collection; culture; days; degenerated; disease; donors; embryos; ewes; experiment; free; hare; iets; infected; infection; inoculation; mellor; method; negative; negligible; onderstepoort; ova; ovine; p.i; peak; presence; procedure; protocol; research; results; risk; seidel; sheep; signs; singh; south; stringfellow; table; temperature; transfer; transmission; veterinary; viraemia; virus; vitro; washing
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        item: #134 of 505
          id: ojvr-170
      author: Segwagwe, B.V.E.; MacMillan, K.L.; Mansell, P.D.
       title: The effect of GnRH or oestradiol injected at pro-oestrus on luteal function and follicular dynamics of the subsequent oestrous cycle in non-lactating cycling Holstein cows
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 7679
      flesch: 52
     summary: The progesterone rise was earlier in control cows than in oestradiol benzoate or GnRH treated cows (P < 0.05, Table 2). However, the findings that control cows had a larger corpus luteum on Day 10 than that of cows treated with GnRH or oestradiol benzoate was un- expected.
    keywords: administration; animal; benzoate; bovine; burke; cattle; cidr; concentration; control; corpus; corpus luteum; cows; cycle; dairy; day; days; delayed; development; device; diameter; dominant; dynamics; effect; emergence; false; fertility; follicle; follicular; fsh; function; gnrh; gonadotropin; group; growth; heifers; holstein; hormone; induced; induction; inhibin; injection; j.s; journal; k.l; luteal; luteum; macmillan; new; oestradiol; oestradiol benzoate; oestrus; ovarian; ovulation; ovulatory; plasma; pregnancy; progesterone; rate; releasing; removal; reproduction; round; science; stevenson; studies; study; sub; subsequent; synchronization; table; time; treatment; true; tubes; wave
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        item: #135 of 505
          id: ojvr-1709
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1709
        date: None
       words: 4749
      flesch: 44
     summary: The IIF method showed high sensitivity and specificity to both parasites, the sensitivity ranging between 88.89% and 100%, and the specificity between 95.38% and 98.51% for Giardia spp.; with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 93.15% and 93.9% for Cryptosporidium spp. TABLE 2: Sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) of diagnostic tests used in the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in dogs and calves from the Magude District of Mozambique. The evaluation of sensitivity and specificity for Willis, mZN and IIF techniques compared to the DIF test showed a high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (96% – 100%) for the mZN test in the detection of Cryptosporidium infections.
    keywords: analysis; animals; authors; calves; cattle; clinical; concentration; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium spp; data; department; detection; diagnosis; dif; district; dogs; eduardo; et al; faculty; faecal; genotypes; giardia; giardia spp; goats; high; iif; infections; international; journal; kids; laboratory; livestock; low; magude; maputo; medicine; method; molecular; mondlane; mozambique; mzn; oocysts; parasites; parasitology; positive; potential; prevalence; pups; results; samples; science; sensitivity; species; specificity; spp; study; taylor; technique; test; university; veterinary; willis; zoonotic
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        item: #136 of 505
          id: ojvr-171
      author: Smith, Y.; Kok, O.B.
       title: Faecal helminth egg and oocyst counts of a small population of African lions (Panthera leo) in the southwestern Kalahari, Namibia : research communication
        date: 2006-09-13
       words: 3321
      flesch: 52
     summary: The older male spent most of his time alone and did not allo- groom often and, as a result, his exposure to endo- parasite eggs and oocysts from other members of the pride was reduced. Curio (1988) reported that faecal egg counts matter correlate positively with dominance rank in the yel- low baboon (Papio cynocephalus).
    keywords: adobe; african; animals; braziliense; collection; counts; cub; egg; eggs; endoparasite; faecal; faeces; false; felis; female; flotation; game; gondii; graf; helminth; infection; kalahari; leo; lions; male; mcmaster; müller; namibia; nematodes; older; oocyst; panthera; parasites; parasitology; present; pride; research; reserve; results; roberts; schmidt; slide; small; spinigerum; summer; table; trials; true; winter; younger
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        item: #137 of 505
          id: ojvr-1712
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1712
        date: None
       words: 3199
      flesch: 39
     summary: Although several metabolites have been isolated from S. maydis culture material, none of these have been administered to ruminants to reproduce the disease. Stenocarpella maydis-infected maize is also associated with intoxication in ruminants, resulting in the neuromycotoxicosis known as diplodiosis (Kellerman et al. 2005).
    keywords: acid; ackerman; africa; animal; botha; c.j; cattle; causative; clinical; cobs; compound; culture; days; diplodiatoxin; diplodiosis; diplonine; et al; flett; goats; hexane; isolate; isolation; journal; juvenile; kellerman; maize; masango; material; maydis; metabolites; onderstepoort; pretoria; research; results; rogers; ruminants; s. maydis; signs; south; stenocarpella; stenocarpella maydis; steyn; studies; study; t.s; toxicity; university; van; veterinary; wicklow
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        item: #138 of 505
          id: ojvr-1713
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2018-12-03
       words: 469
      flesch: 32
     summary: In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on https:// ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; details; https://ojvr.org; https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/user; journal; manuscript; onderstepoort; peer; process; publication; research; reviewer; selection; tel; timely; van; veterinary
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        item: #139 of 505
          id: ojvr-1716
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1716
        date: None
       words: 278
      flesch: 20
     summary: About the Author(s) Susan D. Kerfua Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Tororo, Uganda Gabriel Shirima Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania Lughano Kusiluka Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mzumbe University, Tanzania Chrisostom Ayebazibwe National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Entebbe, Uganda Robert Mwebe National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Entebbe, Uganda Sarah Cleaveland Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom Daniel Haydon Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom Citation Kerfua, S.D., Shirima, G., Kusiluka, L., Ayebazibwe, C., Mwebe, R., Cleaveland, S., et al., 2018, ‘Corrigendum: Spatial and temporal distribution of foot-and-mouth disease in four districts situated along the Uganda–Tanzania border: Implications for cross-border efforts in disease control’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 85(1), a1716. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1716 Note: DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1528 Corrigendum Corrigendum: Spatial and temporal distribution of foot-and-mouth disease in four districts situated along the Uganda–Tanzania border: Implications for cross-border efforts in disease control Susan D. Kerfua, Gabriel Shirima, Lughano Kusiluka, Chrisostom Ayebazibwe, Robert Mwebe, Sarah Cleaveland, Daniel Haydon Published: 11 Dec. 2018 Copyright: © 2018.
    keywords: animal; ayebazibwe; border; chrisostom; disease; institute; tanzania; uganda
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        item: #140 of 505
          id: ojvr-1720
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1720
        date: None
       words: 6271
      flesch: 33
     summary: For the female, the 11-oxoetiocholanolone I EIA showed the most distinct increase in fGCM concentrations (145.5%), followed by the 11-oxoetiocholanolone II EIA (75.5%), whereas the cortisol EIA showed a decrease in fGCM concentration (-5.0%) post-ACTH administration (Table 2). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-9230(99)00087-8 Hämäläinen, A., Heistermann, M., Fenosoa, Z.S.E. & Kraus, C., 2014, ‘Evaluating capture stress in wild gray mouse lemurs via repeated fecal sampling: Method validation and the influence of prior experience and handling protocols on stress responses’, General and Comparative Endocrinology 195, 68–79.
    keywords: acth; activity; adrenal; africa; albogularis; alterations; analysis; animal; assay; baseline; behavior; biological; blood; calculated; challenge; comparative; concentrations; cortisol; data; eia; eias; elevated; endocrine; endocrinology; erythrarchus; et al; faecal; female; fgcm; fgcm concentrations; free; ganswindt; general; glucocorticoid; heistermann; hormone; hpa; increase; individual; injection; injury; invasive; journal; levels; mad; mean; metabolism; metabolites; min; monitoring; monkey; national; non; oxoetiocholanolone; palme; peak; period; physiological; physiology; post; pretoria; primates; research; respective; response; samango; samples; separation; serum; sex; social; south; species; stress; stress response; stressor; study; table; tail; time; validation; value; veterinary
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        item: #141 of 505
          id: ojvr-1721
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Table of Contents Vol 85, No 1 (2018)
        date: 2018-12-11
       words: 972
      flesch: -95
     summary: Cornelia M. Meyburgh, Robert R. Bragg, Charlotte E. Boucher Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1568 | 04 October 2018 Original Research Prevalence of canine Babesia and Ehrlichia co-infection and the predictive value of haematology Yolandi Rautenbach, Johan Schoeman, Amelia Goddard Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1626 | 09 October 2018 57 65 73 79 87 93 99 108 Page i of ii Table of Contents i Research Communication Genetic characterisation of African swine fever virus from 2017 outbreaks in Zambia: Identification of p72 genotype II variants in domestic pigs Edgar Simulundu, Yona Sinkala, Herman M. Chambaro, Andrew Chinyemba, Frank Banda, Lynnfield E. Mooya, Joseph Ndebe, Simbarashe Chitanga, Chitwambi Makungu, Gift Munthali, Paul Fandamu, Ayato Takada, Aaron S. Mweene Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1562 | 26 June 2018 Research Communication Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among large commercial pig herds in South Africa Shani van Lochem, Peter N. Thompson, Cornelius H. Annandale Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1561 | 17 July 2018 Research Communication First record of the marine turtle leech (Ozobranchus margoi) on hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in the inner granitic Seychelles Byron M. Göpper, Nina M. Voogt, Andre Ganswindt Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1604 | 30 August 2018 Review Article Amphistome infections in domestic and wild ruminants in East and Southern Africa: A review Davies M. Pfukenyi, Samson Mukaratirwa Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1584 | 18 October 2018 Original Research Genetic characterisation of virulence genes associated with adherence, invasion and cytotoxicity in Campylobacter spp. isolated from commercial chickens and human clinical cases Samantha Reddy, Oliver T. Zishiri Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1507 | 15 February 2018 Original Research Prevalence of mastitis pathogens in South African pasture-based and total mixed ration-based dairies during 2008 and 2013 David Blignaut, Peter Thompson, Inge-Marié Petzer Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1482 | 31 May 2018 Original Research Occurrence of the specific long spike burst pattern in the ovine proximal gallbladder as an indication of myoelectric regional variability Krzysztof W. Romański, Józef Nicpoń Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1455 | 11 June 2018 Original Research Genotypic characterisation of Avian paramyxovirus type-1 viruses isolated from aquatic birds in Uganda Agnes Wanyana, Kizito K. Mugimba, Omony J. Bosco, Halid Kirunda, Jessica L. Nakavuma, Angélique Teillaud, Mariette F. Ducatez, Denis K. Byarugaba Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1510 | 25 June 2018 1 6 10 13 26 35 42 Vol 85, No 1 (2018) Open Access Table of Contents i Original Research Prevalence of virulence genes in Enterococcus species isolated from companion animals and livestock Shirwin Pillay, Oliver T. Zishiri, Matthew A. Adeleke Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1583 | 27 June 2018 Original Research Spatial and temporal distribution of foot-and-mouth disease in four districts situated along the Uganda–Tanzania border: Implications for cross-border efforts in disease control Susan D. Kerfua, Gabriel Shirima, Lughano Kusiluka, Chrisostome Ayebazibwe, Robert Mwebe, Sarah Cleaveland, Daniel Haydon Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1528 | 27 August 2018 Original Research Immunogenicity of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus G glycoprotein in mice Reza Pasandideh, Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad Shapouri, Mohammad Taghi Beigi Nassiri Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1617 | 28 August 2018 Original Research Lay perceptions, beliefs and practices linked to the persistence of anthrax outbreaks in cattle in the Western Province of Zambia Doreen C. Sitali, Mwamba C. Twambo, Mumba Chisoni, Muma J. Bwalya, Musso Munyeme Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1615 | 29 August 2018 Original Research Prevalence and aetiology of coccidiosis in broiler chickens in Bejaia province, Algeria Nedjima Debbou-Iouknane, Hama Benbarek, Abdelhanine Ayad Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1590 | 18 September 2018 Original Research Comparative evaluation of dry and liquid RIME LAMP in detecting trypanosomes in dead tsetse flies Peter Nambala, Janelisa Musaya, Kyoko Hayashida, Emmanuel Maganga, Edward Senga, Kelita Kamoto, John Chisi, Chihiro Sugimoto Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1543 | 03 October 2018 Original Research Detection of virulence factors of South African Lactococcus garvieae isolated from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
    keywords: african; august; border; characterisation; communication; contents; disease; haydon onderstepoort; june; october; onderstepoort journal; original research; peter; research communication; research prevalence; robert; south; south african; table; uganda; veterinary research; virulence; virulence genes; virus; vol; | a1568; | a1583; | a1590; | a1617
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        item: #142 of 505
          id: ojvr-1724
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1724
        date: None
       words: 9812
      flesch: 42
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00175-2 Kulkarni, G., Gohil, K., Misra, V., Kakrani, A.L., Misra, S.P., Patole, M. et al., 2017, ‘Multilocus sequence typing of Ochrobactrum spp. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003376 Trexler, J.D., Apperson, C.S., Zurek, L., Gemeno, C., Schal, C., Kaufman, M. et al., 2003, ‘Role of bacteria in mediating the oviposition responses of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)’, Journal of Medical Entomology 40(6), 841–848.
    keywords: 16s; aa2; aat; ability; african; agalactiae; alimentarius; analysis; animals; associated; attractive; authors; b25; b70; bacillus; bacterial; bacterium; biotechnology; buffalo; cattle; clusters; communities; compounds; conditions; control; cresol; data; days; dcm; department; different; disease; dna; e11; ecology; eland; enterococcus; environment; et al; ethylphenol; extraction; faecalis; findings; flies; formation; fresh; gene; glossina; glossinidae; hassanali; host; human; identification; international; intervals; isolates; journal; kenya; kenyatta; limited; livestock; m.b; mammalian; mammalian urine; mass; mediate; mediation; methods; microbiology; micrococcus; min; molecular; morganella; morganii; morsitans; nairobi; ochrobactrum; odour; organic; pamc; pcr; phenolic; phenols; phenols production; phylogenetic; pituitosum; planococcus; plos; pooled; potential; presence; production; products; propylphenol; psychrobacter; range; related; research; resistance; responses; results; role; rrna; rrna gene; samples; science; sequence; similarity; skin; solution; species; spp; sterile; strains; streptococcus; studies; study; table; temperature; time; tropical; trypanosomes; trypanosomiasis; tsetse; university; urine; urine phenols; urine samples; use; vector; veterinary; volatile; water; wildlife
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        item: #143 of 505
          id: ojvr-1729
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1729
        date: None
       words: 4398
      flesch: 40
     summary: Study sequences and reference sequences were aligned with Clusta1W (http://bips.ustrasbg.fr/fr/Documentation/Clusta1W/) (Thompson, Higgins & Gibson 1994) as found in the BioEdit 7.0.4 (http://www.mbio.ncsu.edu/BioEdit/bioedit.html) software program (Hall 1999). They also provided a historical review of previous classification keys and molecular phylogenetic studies of the digenean groups conducted previously.
    keywords: accession; africa; amplification; analysis; authors; avian; blair; bray; chain; classification; collected; cribb; data; digenean; dna; echinostomatid; electrophoresis; et al; extraction; families; family; figure; fish; following; freshwater; genus; gibson; international; its1; its2; journal; king; larval; level; metacercaria; moema; molecular; morphological; parasites; parasitology; pcr; phylogenetic; platyhelminthes; polymerase; program; rdna; reaction; research; ribeiroia; schistosomatidae; sequence; snails; south; species; specimens; spirorchiidae; stages; strigeidae; studies; study; superfamily; table; tree; trematodes; tshwane; use; veterinary
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        item: #144 of 505
          id: ojvr-1734
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1734
        date: None
       words: 5605
      flesch: 47
     summary: FIGURE 3: Phylogenetic tree based on the partial VP2 gene of canine parvovirus-2 shows canine parvovirus variants circulating in Sanliurfa, Turkey, and reference sequences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.007 Decora, N., Elia, G., Desario, C., Roperto, S., Martella, V. & Campolo, M. et al., 2006, ‘A minor groove binder probe real-time PCR assay for discrimination between type 2-based vaccines and field strains of canine parvovirus’, Journal of Virological Methods 136(1–2), 65–70. https://10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.03.030.
    keywords: accession; acid; amino; amplicons; analysis; anatolia; antigenic; battilani; blood; buonavoglia; calderon; canine; canine parvovirus; changes; characterization; clinical; cpv-2c; decaro; dei; disease; dna; dogs; et al; evolution; figure; fragment; gene; giudici; important; isolates; italy; journal; length; line; mboii; medicine; molecular; mutation; muz; muz et; new; partial; parvovirus; pcr; phylogenetic; polymorphism; population; positive; pratelli; protein; province; research; residues; restriction; results; rflp; samples; sanliurfa; sequence; southeast; strains; studies; study; table; timurkan; turkey; type; university; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccines; variants; veterinary; viral; virology; vp2
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        item: #145 of 505
          id: ojvr-1737
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1737
        date: None
       words: 3443
      flesch: 41
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1700340418 Dungu, B., Lubisi, B.A. & Ikegami, T., 2018, ‘Rift Valley fever vaccines: Current and future needs’, Current Opinion in Virology 29, 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2018.02.001 Eisa, M., 1984, ‘Preliminary survey of domestic animals of the Sudan for precipitating antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus’, Journal of Hygiene 93(3), 629–637. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022172400065207 Formenty, P., Domenech, J. & Zeller, H.G., 1992, ‘Serological survey of Rift Valley fever in sheep on the Ivory Coast’, Revue d’élevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux 45(3–4), 221–226. Gonzalez, J.P., Josse, R., Johnson, E.D., Merlin, M., Georges, A.J., Abandja, J. et al., 1989, ‘Antibody prevalence against haemorrhagic fever viruses in randomized representative Central African populations’, Research in Virology 140(4), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131873 Tshilenge, M.G., Dundon, W.G., De Nardi, M., Mulumba-Mfumu, L.K., Rweyemamu, M., Kayembe-Ntumba, J.M. et al., 2019, ‘Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever virus in cattle in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 51(3), 537–554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1721-5 Turell, M.J., Lee, J.S, Richardson, J.H., Sang, R.C., Kioko, E.N., Agawo, M.O. et al., 2007, ‘Vector competence of Kenyan Culex zombaensis and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for Rift Valley fever virus’, Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 23(4), 378–382. https://doi.org/10.2987/5645.1 Walsh, M.G., Willem de Smalen, A. & Mor, S.M., 2017, ‘Wetlands, wild Bovidae species richness and sheep density delineate risk of Rift Valley fever outbreaks in the African continent and Arabian Peninsula’, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11(7), e0005756.
    keywords: african; animal; annual; antibodies; average; central; climate; congo; data; democratic; department; disease; domestic; drc; et al; fever; fever virus; goats; health; humidity; igg; infection; journal; kenya; kinshasa; laboratory; medicine; mulumba; pcr; phlebovirus; positive; presence; provinces; relative; republic; research; rift; rift valley; ruminants; rvfv; samples; sera; serological; seroprevalence; sheep; small; south; study; tropical; true; tshilenge; ubangi; valley; valley fever; vectors; veterinary; virus
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        item: #146 of 505
          id: ojvr-1741
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1741
        date: None
       words: 6049
      flesch: 48
     summary: Collins, N.E., Pretorius, A., Van Kleef, M., Brayton, K.A., Allsopp, M.T., Zweygarth, E. et al., 2003, ‘Development of improved attenuated and nucleic acid vaccines for heartwater’, Developments in Biologicals 114, 121–136. Du Plessis, J.L., 1990, ‘Increased pathogenicity of an Ehrlichia-like agent after passage through Amblyomma hebraeum: A preliminary report’, The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 57(4), 233–237. Genetic diversity amongst E. ruminantium isolates has been confirmed in previous epidemiological studies using the map1 gene family with known strains and field isolates in infected sheep and cattle from different ecological heartwater-endemic origins in Africa.
    keywords: 16s; 2001; acid; africa; allsopp; allsopp et; analysis; animals; areas; b.a; blood; cell; characterisation; cluster; collected; cultures; data; development; different; diversity; ehrlichia; ehrlichia ruminantium; endemic; et al; family; farm; field; figure; gene; genetic; goat; heartwater; hebraeum; identical; infected; isolates; journal; known; map1; microbiology; new; omatjenne; onderstepoort; orfs; original; pcr; pcs20; phylogenetic; plessis; polymorphic; positive; pretorius; recombination; reference; region; research; rrna; ruminantium; samples; sbf; sequence; sequencing; sheep; south; steyn; strains; study; table; tick; tree; vaccine; van; veterinary; welgevonden; zweygarth
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        item: #147 of 505
          id: ojvr-1742
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1742
        date: None
       words: 4657
      flesch: 39
     summary: High levels of calcium in downer cow syndrome may be interpreted as a result of hormonal imbalance, for instance excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) causing excessive bone resorption (Balamurugan et al. 2017:694), which could explain the increased calcium level in downer cows observed in this study. In downer cow syndrome cows, significantly low CHOL concentrations were noted in Afrikaner (2.83 ± 1.12 mmol/L), Brahman (2.17 ± 1.12 mmol/L) and mixed breed cows (6.50 ± 0.97 mmol/L), as seen in Table 5.
    keywords: 2014; abortion; affected; afrikaner; ages; animal; association; biochemistry; blood; brahman; breeds; calcium; cases; cattle; chol; cholesterol; concentrations; conditions; cow syndrome; cows; dairy; dairy cows; data; differences; different; downer; downer cow; dystocia; effect; factors; figure; health; high; incidences; journal; levels; low; mafikeng; magnesium; mean; metabolic; metabolites; mixed; mmol; north; nutrition; parities; parity; performance; placenta; production; prolapse; reproductive; reproductive conditions; research; results; risk; samples; science; serum; significant; study; syndrome; table; total; university; urea; vaginal; veterinary; west; years
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        item: #148 of 505
          id: ojvr-1755
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1755
        date: None
       words: 5309
      flesch: 45
     summary: The present epidemiological study, extending over 1 year, was conducted to evaluate the spectrum of tick species involved, the levels of infestations and the seasonal dynamic of these ectoparasites. Our results revealed that the domestic dogs are infested by a variety of tick species, with one or more tick species per infested dog as described previously (Ebrahimzade, Fattahi & Mohammad 2016; Estrada-Peña et al. 2017; Latrofa et al. 2017; Maurelli et al. 2018).
    keywords: activity; adult; africa; age; algeria; animals; bejaia; bouattour; breed; bursa; climate; dantas; des; different; diseases; dogs; domestic; dynamics; ectoparasites; estrada; et al; female; horak; identification; infestation; infested; ixodes; ixodid; journal; leulmi; life; march; northeastern; number; observed; parasites; peña; presence; prevalence; province; research; results; rhipicephalus; ricinus; sanguineus; sciences; seasonal; sex; significant; species; spring; studies; study; summer; table; tick infestation; tick species; ticks; tiques; torres; total; turanicus; variation; vector; veterinary; walker; wild; winter
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        item: #149 of 505
          id: ojvr-1761
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1761
        date: None
       words: 4346
      flesch: 36
     summary: There have also been virological and serological studies on BoHV-4 infection. These studies show that BoHV-4 infection is very common and is increasing significantly in cattle herds in Turkey (Aslan, Azkur & Gazyagc 2015; Bilge-Dagalp et al. 2007, 2008, 2011; Dağalp et al. 2010; Tuncer-Göktuna et al. 2016; Yildirim et al. 2011).
    keywords: aborted; abortion; alkan; animals; ankara; bilge; bohv-4; bovine; bovine herpesvirus; bvdv; calves; cases; cattle; clinical; cows; dagalp; dairy; data; department; detection; diarrhoea; egyed; et al; faculty; fertility; foetuses; herds; herpesvirus; infection; investigation; journal; materials; medicine; pathogens; pcr; positive; problems; reproductive; research; results; role; samples; stillborn; studies; study; table; thiry; turkey; type; university; unviable; van; veterinary; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #150 of 505
          id: ojvr-1764
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1764
        date: None
       words: 5948
      flesch: 51
     summary: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection is in most instances subclinical, but the virus can also cause respiratory signs, diarrhoea, reproductive failure, congenital malformations, pyrexia, depression, inappetence, nasal discharge and erosion of oral mucosa (Walz 2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9305-z Mockeliuniene, V., Šalomskas, A., Mockeliunas, R. & Petkevicius, S., 2004, ‘Prevalence and epidemiological features of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in Lithuania’, Veterinary Microbiology 99(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.11.008 Nettleton, P.F., 1990, ‘Pestivirus infections in ruminants other than cattle’, Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International des Epizooties (Paris) 9(1), 131–150.
    keywords: africa; animal; antibodies; antibody; antigen; authors; beef; blood; botswana; bovine; bovine viral; bvdv; bvdv-1; cattle; control; dairy; data; detected; diarrhoea; diarrhoea virus; elisa; et al; example; factors; farmers; gaborone; goats; health; herds; houe; infection; journal; knowledge; manufacturer; medicine; meyling; negative; pcr; positive; prevalence; reaction; research; risk; rna; samples; sampling; sciences; scientific; seroprevalence; serum; sheep; south; southern; studies; study; table; test; thermo; value; van; veterinary; viraemic; viral; virus; viruses; vuuren
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        item: #151 of 505
          id: ojvr-1768
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1768
        date: None
       words: 6189
      flesch: 41
     summary: Both methods indicated an absence of significant barriers to gene flow between the G. brevipalpis and G. austeni populations of South Africa and southern Mozambique. Sustainable control can only be achieved if implemented following an area-wide management approach against the entire G. brevipalpis and G. austeni populations of South Africa and southern Mozambique.
    keywords: acid; africa; analyses; area; austeni; bay; beer; brevipalpis; centroid; collection; control; data; department; diptera; diseases; distribution; dna; east; eswatini; et al; figure; flies; fly; g. austeni; genetic; glossina; glossina austeni; glossinidae; green; hendrichs; hluhluwe; imfolozi; insect; integrated; isolated; isolation; journal; kappmeier; kwazulu; lucia; m.j.b; management; maputo; markers; methods; mitochondrial; molecular; morphometric; mozambique; natal; north; onderstepoort; ovr; parasites; park; pest; populations; pretoria; province; research; reserve; river; shape; significant; sites; size; south; south africa; southern; southern mozambique; species; strategy; study; tropical; trypanosomosis; tsetse; university; vectors; veterinary; vreysen; wide; wing
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        item: #152 of 505
          id: ojvr-1769
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1769
        date: None
       words: 6462
      flesch: 43
     summary: Therefore, the new technique should be included in any attempt to isolate field strains of E. ruminantium to enhance the probability of getting E. ruminantium isolates which might not be initiated in endothelial cells. Several studies have reported a high level of genetic diversity among E. ruminantium isolates (Allsopp & Allsopp 2007;
    keywords: 16s; africa; agent; alignments; allsopp; analysis; anaplasma; animals; annotation; article; atypical; bezuidenhout; blood; cell; coding; comparison; conserved; contigs; cowdria; cultures; data; different; draft; ehrlichia; ehrlichia ruminantium; endothelial; et al; families; family; figure; genes; genetic; genome; genome sequences; genomic; heartwater; ide8; identity; infected; infection; isolates; isolation; j.l; josemans; journal; kümm2; line; locus; map1; members; membrane; mice; multi; non; nucleotide; omatjenne; onderstepoort; open; organisms; original; plessis; pretoria; protein; regions; repeat; research; riverside; ruminantium; ruminantium isolates; sequences; sheep; small; south; species; steyn; stocks; strain; study; table; tick; typing; van; variation; veterinary; welgevonden; zweygarth
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        item: #153 of 505
          id: ojvr-1781
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1781
        date: None
       words: 3038
      flesch: 49
     summary: We also include a list of tick species collected from elephants and deposited in the United States National Tick Collection (USNTC) as well as an annotated checklist of the tick species collected to date from African elephants. An annotated checklist of tick species recorded on African elephants is presented in Table 3. TABLE 3: Annotated checklist of the tick species collected from African elephants.
    keywords: african; african elephants; amblyomma; animals; circumguttatus; collections; congo; elephants; forest; horak; i.g; ixodid; journal; kariuki; kenya; loxodonta; maculatus; mozambique; national; north; number; present; republic; research; rhipicephalus; savanna; south; species; study; table; tanzania; tholloni; ticks; veterinary; walker; wildlife; zimbabwe
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        item: #154 of 505
          id: ojvr-1792
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1792
        date: None
       words: 6725
      flesch: 42
     summary: TABLE 1: Compositions and enhancements of Brucella selective media (Farrell’s medium, modified Thayer Martin and CITA) collated in the study. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(05)80041-8 Kolo, F., Adesiyun, Ab., Fasina, F., Katsande, T., Ledwaba, B., Glover, B. et al., 2018, ‘Isolation of Brucella melitensis from cattle in South Africa’, The Veterinary Record (Letters & Notices) 182(23), 668–669.
    keywords: abortus; africa; agrifood; alton; animals; antibiotics; aragon; b. abortus; b. ovis; bacterial; bovine; brucella; brucella abortus; brucella spp; brucellosis; center; cfu; cita; colonies; colony; comparison; contaminants; culture; days; diagnosis; different; diseases; et al; experiment; farrell; field; figure; fungal; fungi; growth; infection; inoculated; international; isolation; journal; martin; mean; media; medium; melitensis; microbiology; miguel; milk; modified; mtm; natamycin; oie; onderstepoort; ovis; ovr; pasteurised; performance; plates; previous; rate; raw; research; samples; scholz; selective; south; species; spp; standard; strain; studies; study; suspect; table; technology; thayer; use; veterinary
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        item: #155 of 505
          id: ojvr-1796
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1796
        date: None
       words: 2426
      flesch: 43
     summary: References Angkawanish, T., Morar, D., Van Kooten, P., Bontekoning, I., Schreuder, J., Maas, M. et al., 2013, ‘The elephant interferon gamma assay: FIGURE 1: Optical densities of plasmas from nyala whole blood samples stimulated with different mitogens and antigens.
    keywords: a.l; africa; animals; assay; bacterial; blood; bovigam; bovine; bovis; culture; diagnosis; diseases; gamma; ifn; injection; interferon; michel; mycobacterium; nyala; pcr; reaction; release; research; results; samples; skin; south; species; test; tissue; tuberculin; tuberculosis; values; van; veterinary; wildlife
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        item: #156 of 505
          id: ojvr-1808
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1808
        date: None
       words: 2760
      flesch: 37
     summary: Similar studies in India revealed that poor communities that have high TB prevalences with little exposure to mass media also have little knowledge of factors affecting TB risk and transmission (Sreeramareddy, Harsha Kumar & Arokiasamy 2013). Tuberculosis awareness by the community is an effective TB control strategy as education empowers people to make informed choices with regard to mitigating TB risk factors in their daily lives.
    keywords: africa; ameni; animal; authors; awareness; bovine; bovine tuberculosis; bovis; btb; cattle; communal; communities; community; control; diseases; et al; ethiopia; factors; faculty; farmers; health; human; infectious; journal; knowledge; livestock; low; meat; milk; mnisi; mpumalanga; musoke; mycobacterium; onderstepoort; participants; perceptions; pretoria; research; risk; rural; science; slaughter; south; study; survey; transmission; tuberculosis; university; veterinary; wildlife; zoonotic
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        item: #157 of 505
          id: ojvr-1816
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1816
        date: None
       words: 4331
      flesch: 41
     summary: The central hypothesis of this study was that the conserved epitope of BTV VP2 protein, as part of a subunit vaccine, should confer broad-spectrum immunity against most of the available serotypes of BTV. (a) Ni-NTA purification of recombinant BTV proteins, and SDS-PAGE analysis of purified cVP2, VP5 and NS1: arrowheads indicate recombinant BTV proteins at the expected molecular weights.
    keywords: -12; -16; anderson; animal; antibodies; antibody; bluetongue; bluetongue virus; btv; btv proteins; cell; coli; college; conserved; control; cross; cvp2; data; department; et al; expression; group; hyderabad; immune; immunisation; inactivated; india; kda; lane; log; maan; mice; nab; narsimha; neutralisation; neutralising; ns1; p.v; potential; protection; proteins; purified; rao; recombinant; region; research; response; science; serotypes; serum; specific; study; subunit; telangana; titres; university; vaccine; veterinary; virus; vp2; vp5
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        item: #158 of 505
          id: ojvr-182
      author: Ker, J.; Webb, E.C.
       title: Electrocardiographic surrogates of structural myocardial alterations in the Dorper sheep heart
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 2652
      flesch: 60
     summary: Keywords: Cardiac memory T waves, Dorper sheep, electrocardiography, myocardial pathology, premature ventricular complexes 1 Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria and Pre- toria Heart Hospital, P.O. Box 24318, Gezina, Pretoria, 0031 South Africa. Currently, it is still unclear whether cardiac memory T waves can be used as an elec- trocardiographic warning for myocardial pathology to come (Rosen 2001).
    keywords: cardiac; changes; complex; day; dorper; duration; electrocardiographic; fig; heart; isoelectric; ker; left; memory; myocardial; normal; notching; number; pathology; pvcs; qrs; segment; sheep; structural; study; ventricular; waves; webb
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        item: #159 of 505
          id: ojvr-183
      author: Mugunieri, G.L.; Matete, G.O.
       title: Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in western Kenya
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 3573
      flesch: 56
     summary: 279 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 72:279–284 (2005) Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in western Kenya G.L. MUGUNIERI* and G.O. MATETE KARI – Trypanosomosis Research Center, P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu 00902, Kenya ABSTRACT MUGUNIERI, G.L. & MATETE, G.O. 2005. The ratio between this computed value and size (area) of the region in km2 gave an 280 Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in Kenya indicator of the dairy cattle density (DCD) per km2 for each trypanosomosis risk region.
    keywords: analysis; animals; areas; average; calving; cattle; control; dairy; dairying; data; density; different; drugs; farmers; g.l; grazing; health; high; increase; intensive; kenya; ketri; km2; livestock; management; medium; milk; mugunieri; number; omore; output; peak; period; production; productivity; region; research; risk; size; study; system; trypanosomosis; trypanosomosis risk; use; veterinary; western; year; zones
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        item: #160 of 505
          id: ojvr-1836
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2019-12-11
       words: 454
      flesch: 35
     summary: It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on https:// ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts.
    keywords: access; details; http://www.ojvr.org; https://ojvr.org; https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/user; journal; onderstepoort; peer; publication; research; reviewer; selection; tel; user; veterinary; website
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        item: #161 of 505
          id: ojvr-1837
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1837
        date: None
       words: 5817
      flesch: 45
     summary: ITS-1 sequences of Eimeria species downloaded from GenBank. FIGURE 1–A1: Pairwise percentage identity of ITS-1 sequences of different Eimeria species. Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements References Appendix 1 About the Author(s) Abiodun J. Fatoba Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa Oliver T. Zishiri Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa Damer P. Blake Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom Sunday O. Peters Department of Animal Science, Berry College, Mount Berry, Georgia, United States Jeffrey Lebepe Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa Samson Mukaratirwa Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa Matthew A. Adeleke Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa Citation Fatoba, A.J., Zishiri, O.T., Blake, D.P., Peters, S.O., Lebepe, J., Mukaratirwa, S., et al. 2020, ‘Study on the prevalence and genetic diversity of Eimeria species from broilers and free-range chickens in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 87(1), a1837.
    keywords: africa; agriculture; analysis; blake; broiler; chain; chickens; clark; coccidiosis; college; commercial; common; control; countries; cryptic; diagnosis; different; diversity; dna; e. acervulina; e. brunetti; e. maxima; e. mitis; e. tenella; effective; eimeria; eimeria species; eimeria tenella; engineering; et al; faecal; farms; figure; free; genetic; identification; india; infection; information; internal; isolates; its-1; journal; kumar; kwazulu; life; locations; mixed; model; molecular; natal; otus; parasitology; pcr; pens; polymerase; poultry; prevalence; primers; province; range; reaction; research; samples; school; sciences; sequences; south; species; specific; study; table; transcribed; veterinary
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        item: #162 of 505
          id: ojvr-1838
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Table of Contents Vol 865, No 1 (2019)
        date: 2019-12-19
       words: 1768
      flesch: -109
     summary: Towards diagnosing tuberculosis Lezaan Roux, Alicia J. McCall, Anita L. Michel Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1796 | 06 November 2019 Review Article Peste des petits ruminants in Africa: Meta-analysis of the virus isolation in molecular epidemiology studies Samuel E. Mantip, David Shamaki, Souabou Farougou Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1677 | 26 March 2019 Original Research A field study on the efficacy of ivermectin via subcutaneous route against chewing lice (Bovicola caprae) infestation in naturally infested goats Y. Ajith, Umesh Dimri, A. Gopalakrishnan, Gopinath Devi Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1635 | 30 January 2019 Original Research Safety and immunogenicity of Rift Valley fever MP-12 and arMP- 12ΔNSm21/384 vaccine candidates in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) from Tanzania Salama Nyundo, Ester Adamson, Jessica Rowland, Pedro M. Palermo, Mirende Matiko, George E. Bettinger, Philemon Wambura, John C. Morrill, Douglas Watts Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1683 | 31 January 2019 Original Research The haematological, proinflammatory cytokines and IgG changes during an ovine experimental theileriosis Gholamreza Razmi, Saeed Yaghfoori, Mehrdad Mohri, Alirez Haghparast, Shahin Tajeri Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1629 | 04 February 2019 1 7 13 18 21 36 41 49 Vol 86, No 1 (2019) isolated from slaughtered cattle in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I mitochondrial marker Tatenda J. Chikowore, Oliver T. Zishiri, Samson Mukaratirwa Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1706 | 18 June 2019 Original Research Climatic and regional antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds Joanne Karzis, Inge-Marie Petzer, Edward F. Donkin, Vinny Naidoo, Eric M.C. Etter Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1674 | 10 July 2019 Original Research 16S rRNA gene profiling of bacterial communities mediating production of tsetse attractive phenols in mammalian urine Harry A. Musonye, Ezekiel M. Njeru, Ahmed Hassanali, Lydia M. Langata, Dominic Mijele, Titus Kaitho, Edward King’ori, James Nonoh Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1724 | 17 July 2019 Original Research Acaricidal activity of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of 15 South African plants against Rhipicephalus turanicus and their toxicity on human liver and kidney cells Gerda Fouche, Olubukola T. Adenubi, Tlabo Leboho, Lyndy J. McGaw, Vinny Naidoo, Kevin W. Wellington, Jacobus N. Eloff Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1665 | 22 July 2019 Original Research Seasonal occurrence of metazoan parasites in Tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus Castelnau, 1861 (Characiformes: Alestidae) from Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe Nyasha Mabika, Maxwell Barson, Cobus van Dyk, Annemarie Avenant-Oldewage Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1659 | 22 August 2019 Original Research Brucellosis and chlamydiosis seroprevalence in goats at livestock–wildlife interface areas of Zimbabwe Solomon Bhandi, Davies M. Pfukenyi, Gift Matope, Absolom Murondoti, Musavengana Tivapasi, Masimba Ndengu, Massimo Scacchia, Barbara Bonfini, Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1670 | 22 August 2019 113 121 129 140 149 161 168 176 Original Research Molecular diagnosis of acute and chronic infection of Trypanosoma evansi in experimental male and female mice Tahani S. Behour, Shawky M. Aboelhadid, Wahid M. Mousa, Adel S. Amin, Saeed A. El-Ashram Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1638 | 26 August 2019 Original Research Molecular and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) in dogs in southeast Anatolia, Turkey Pelin F. Polat, Adem Şahan, Gürbüz Aksoy, Mehmet O. Timurkan, Ender Dinçer Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1734 | 27 August 2019 Original Research Serum biochemistry in cows of different breeds presented with reproductive conditions Keitiretse Molefe, Mulunda Mwanza Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1742 | 29 August 2019 Original Research Phylogenetic studies of larval digenean trematodes from freshwater snails and fish species in the proximity of Tshwane metropolitan, South Africa Esmey B. Moema, Pieter H. King, Johnny N. Rakgole Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1729 | 17 September 2019 Original Research Injectable organic and inorganic selenium in dairy cows – Effects on milk, blood and somatic cell count levels Gert M. Ferreira, Inge-Marie Petzer Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1664 | 08 October 2019 Original Research First-time detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus, BVDV-1, in cattle in Botswana Sara Lysholm, Solomon S. Ramabu, Mikael Berg, Jonas J. Wensman Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1764 | 09 October 2019 Original Research Rift Valley fever virus in small ruminants in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Georges M. Tshilenge, Mfumu L.K Mulumba, Gerald Misinzo, Rob Noad, William G. Dundon Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1737 | 10 October 2019 Original Research Using genetic and phenetic markers to assess population isolation within the southernmost tsetse fly belt in Africa Chantel J. De Beer, Gert J. Venter, Marc J.B. Vreysen, Fernando C. Mulandane, Luis Neves, Sihle Mdluli, Otto Koekemoer Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1768 | 16 October 2019 Original Research Seasonal activity of ticks infesting domestic dogs in Bejaia province, Northern Algeria Rosa Kebbi, Mohamed Nait-Mouloud, Lila Hassissen, Abdelhanine Ayad Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1755 | 17 October 2019 185 195 203 210 217 225 232 237 245 Page ii of iii http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Table of Contents iii Original Research Antimicrobial usage in pig production: Effects on Escherichia coli virulence profiles and antimicrobial resistance Rukayya H. Abubakar, Evelyn Madoroba, Oluwawemimo Adebowale, Olubunmi G. Fasanmi, Folorunso O. Fasina Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1743 | 31 October 2019 Original Research Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in southeastern South Africa Whatmore M. Tagwireyi, Eric Etter, Luis Neves Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1688 | 05 November 2019 251 262 Reviewer Acknowledgement Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 86, No 1 | a1836 | 11 December 2019 268 Page iii of iii
    keywords: a1629 |; access table; africa; august; cattle; central; contents; dogs; dundon onderstepoort; eric; etter; february; goats; iii; infection; july; mukaratirwa onderstepoort; neves onderstepoort; november; october; onderstepoort journal; open access; original research; page; province; research african; research brucellosis; research communication; research molecular; research phylogenetic; research prevalence; research seasonal; risk; saeed; south; south africa; table; veterinary research; virus; vol; | a1634; | a1648; | a1671; | a1687; | a1709; | a1724; | a1737; | a1742; | a1755; | a1781; | a1836; | issn
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        item: #163 of 505
          id: ojvr-185
      author: Fourie, L.J.; Horak, I.G.; Woodall, P.F.
       title: Elephant shrews as hosts of immature ixodid ticks
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 5625
      flesch: 61
     summary: The hosts in Zimbabwe of adult R. nuttalli have been listed by Norval & Col- borne (1985), while in South Africa the hosts of both adult and immature ticks have been recorded by Fourie et al. Although immature ticks were present on E. myurus throughout the year, the majority of larvae were col- lected in April and May and during August and September and nymphs in February and from April to August (Fig. 1B).
    keywords: adult; africa; animals; cape; domestic; elephant; elephantulus; fourie; free; hares; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; ixodes; ixodid; journal; l.j; larvae; myurus; norval; number; nuttalli; nymphs; onderstepoort; paralysis; parasites; province; research; rhipicentor; rhipicephalus; rock; rubicundus; shrews; south; species; stages; state; table; theiler; ticks; veterinary; walker; warburtoni; western; wild
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        item: #164 of 505
          id: ojvr-1854
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1854
        date: None
       words: 4022
      flesch: 33
     summary: Kim, S. & Aga, D.S., 2007, ‘Potential ecological and human health impacts of antibiotics resistance bacteria from wastewater treatment plants’, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B, Critical Reviews 10(7), 559–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390600975137 Krumperman, P.H., 1983, ‘Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods’, Applied Environmental Microbiology 46(1), 165–170. Keywords: antibiotic resistance; multiple antibiotic resistance index; Gram-negative bacteria; abattoir effluent; surface water.
    keywords: abattoir; abeokuta; adebowale; adeyemo; agar; animals; antibiotic; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; cfu; coliform; counts; department; effluent; environmental; escherichia; figure; gram; health; heterotrophic; high; ibadan; isolates; journal; laboratory; lafenwa; mari; maximum; medicine; multiple; negative; nigeria; ogun; pathogenic; plates; point; potential; production; pseudomonas; public; receiving; research; resistance; river; salmonella; samples; selected; sources; spp; standards; strains; study; surface; susceptibility; table; test; total; university; values; veterinary; waste; wastewater; water
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        item: #165 of 505
          id: ojvr-186
      author: Salih, D.A.; Sharieff, O.E.; Lazarus, A.G.; Hassan, S.M.; El Hussein, A.M.
       title: Natural infection rates and transmission of Theileria annulata by Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum ticks in the Sudan
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 3155
      flesch: 57
     summary: At Eddamer, 49.6 % of 123 ticks examined were infected with Theileria and the mean intensity of infection was 1.3 (i.e. the number of infected acini/number of infected ticks). These concerned the mean intensity of infection (number of infected acini / number of infected ticks) and the mean abundance of infection (number of infected acini / number of ticks exam- ined).
    keywords: acini; anatolicum; annulata; area; brown; calves; cattle; days; eddamer; females; glands; hassan; higher; hyalomma; infected; infection; intensity; jongejan; khartoum; localities; mean; medani; morzaria; natural; number; nymphs; rates; research; salivary; study; sudan; theileria; theileriosis; ticks; transmission; tropical; veterinary; wad; young
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        item: #166 of 505
          id: ojvr-1861
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1861
        date: None
       words: 5387
      flesch: 41
     summary: FIGURE 5: The Jackknife test for evaluating the relative importance of environmental variables for C. imicola distribution in Tunisia (The regularised training gain describes show much better the MaxEnt distribution fits the presence data compared with a uniform distribution. (2013) demonstrated that precipitation, especially summer rain-fall (June–September) was the most influential factor determining C. imicola distribution in Spain.
    keywords: analysis; areas; article; auc; availability; available; axes; axis; basille; bio10; bioclimatic; bluetongue; c. imicola; calenge; calvete; ceratopogonidae; culicoides; culicoides imicola; data; diptera; distances; distribution; ecological; ecological niche; enfa; entropy; environmental; et al; factor; figure; general; habitat; hammami; high; imicola; influence; journal; madifa; mahalanobis; marginality; maxent; maximum; mean; methods; model; modelling; niche; occurrence; potential; precipitation; predictors; presence; regions; relative; results; risk; sghaier; sites; spatial; specialisation; species; statistical; study; suitability; table; temperature; tunisia; value; variables; vector; veterinary; virus
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        item: #167 of 505
          id: ojvr-1865
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1865
        date: None
       words: 6132
      flesch: 38
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Oday A. Aljumaili Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Muhammad B. Bello Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria Swee K. Yeap Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Abdul R. Omar Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Aini Ideris Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Citation Aljumaili, O.A., Bello, M.B., Yeap, S.K., Omar, A.R. & Ideris, A., 2020, ‘Protective efficacy of inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccines prepared in two different oil-based adjuvants’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 87(1), a1865. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v87i1.1865 Original Research Protective efficacy of inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccines prepared in two different oil-based adjuvants Oday A. Aljumaili, Muhammad B. Bello, Swee K. Yeap, Abdul R. Omar, Aini Ideris Received: 28 Mar. 2020; Accepted: 25 June 2020; Published: 28 Sept. 2020 Copyright: © 2020. TABLE 6: Potency test of binary ethylenimine–inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccine formulated in Freund’s incomplete adjuvant.
    keywords: acid; adjuvant; antibody; assay; avian; bei; bello; binary; bioscience; birds; bso; challenge; chickens; clinical; control; days; different; disease; disease virus; efficacy; eggs; emulsion; et al; exposure; free; genotype; groups; hemagglutination; high; ibs025/13; ideris; immune; immunotherapeutics; inactivated; inactivated ndv; inactivated vaccines; inactivated virus; inactivation; institute; isolates; journal; kapczynski; laboratory; live; malaysia; miller; min; mortality; ndv; newcastle; newcastle disease; nigella; oil; old; pharmacopoeia; post; poultry; protective; protein; putra; research; results; sativa; serdang; shedding; strain; study; table; test; titre; universiti; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccines; veterinary; vii; viral; virulent; virus; virus vaccines; water
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        item: #168 of 505
          id: ojvr-1869
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1869
        date: None
       words: 18167
      flesch: 34
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2013.1697 Pournajaf, A., Rajabnia, R., Sedighi, M., Kassani, A., Moqarabzadeh, V., Lotfollahi, L. et al., 2016, ‘Prevalence, and virulence determination of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical and non-clinical samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction’, Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 49(5), 624–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.033 Den Bakker, H.C., Cummings, C.A., Ferreira, V., Vatta, P., Orsi, R.H., Degoricija, L. et al., 2010, ‘Comparative genomics of the bacterial genus Listeria:
    keywords: ability; acid; actin; addition; africa; agents; agriculture; analysis; animals; antibiotic; antimicrobial; applied; article; authority; b. et; bacterial; bacterium; beings; biofilms; bmc; boland et; broth; cac; cases; cases et; cell; cfu; chain; characteristics; characterization; chen; clinical; clones; consumption; contaminated; contamination; control; conventional; countries; dairy; data; days; department; detection; development; dhama; different; disease; dissertation; dna; e.m; electrophoresis; enrichment; environmental; enzyme; epidemiological; epidemiology; et al; expression; facilities; factors; farm; field; figure; food; food microbiology; food processing; food products; foodborne; formation; genetic; genome; genomics; group; growth; health; high; host; human; human listeriosis; identification; important; incidence; increase; individuals; infection; inla; internalin; international; invasion; invasive; isolates; isolation; jadhav; jeyaletchumi et; journal; l. et; l. monocytogenes; laboratory; lack; large; lecuit; lekkas; leong et; levels; limited; lineage; listeria monocytogenes; listeria species; listeria spp; listeriolysin; listeriosis; liu; low; m. et; major; matle; meat; meat products; media; medical; membrane; methods; microbiological; microbiology; mlva; molecular; monocytogenes isolates; monocytogenes strains; monocytogenes virulence; moreno; multilocus; multiplex; new; non; number; occurrence; organism; orsi; outbreaks; pathogen; pathogenicity; pcr; pfge; phenotypic; plants; polymerase; population; positive; poultry; presence; present; prevalence; prfa; primary; processing; production; products; proper; protein; public; rapid; rate; raw; reaction; ready; research; resistance; results; retail; review; rip; risk; rte; s. et; safety; samples; sanitation; science; secondary; selective; sequence; sequencing; serotypes; serotyping; soil; sources; south; species; specific; standard; states; strains; streptococcus; studies; study; subtyping; surface; surveillance; survey; susceptibility; system; table; techniques; temperature; test; time; typing; united; university; use; vacuole; van; variable; veterinary; virulence; wiedmann; world; years; zhang
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        item: #169 of 505
          id: ojvr-187
      author: Van der Merwe, J.S.; Smit, F.J.; Durand, A.M.; Kruger, L.P.; Michael, L.M.
       title: Acaricide efficiency of amitraz / cypermethrin and abamectin pour-on preparations in game
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 3366
      flesch: 57
     summary: Tick infestations of game may lead to loss of production and even death, because of tick toxico- sis, metabolic disturbances, anaemia, secondary infections of tick wounds and transfer of blood par- asites by ticks (Horak 1980; Lightfoot & Norval 1981, as cited by Zieger, Horak, Cauldwell, Uys & Bothma 1998). Tick infestation and its treatment in an eland antelope (case report).
    keywords: abamectin; acaricide; african; amblyomma; amitraz; animals; appendiculatus; applicable; blesbok; body; boophilus; buffaloes; cattle; control; cypermethrin; day; decoloratus; diseases; effective; efficacy; eland; evertsi; game; group; heartwater; hebraeum; infestations; journal; mass; natural; pour; rate; rhipicephalus; south; species; study; table; tick; treatment; trial; untreated; van; vectors
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        item: #170 of 505
          id: ojvr-1870
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1870
        date: None
       words: 5179
      flesch: 44
     summary: Discussion This study was aimed at evaluating the potential of housing vervet monkeys (C. pygerythrus) next to domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus), which we believed would be appropriate based on the similar housing requirements between these species, the size of the cats and an observed natural instance at a local vervet sanctuary where the two species tolerated each other well. With none of the animals inducted into the study having lost weight, it can thus be concluded that housing vervet monkeys and domestic cats separated by a physical barrier was not a stressful event to either species.
    keywords: africa; aggression; alarm; analysis; animals; area; behaviour; biomedical; cage; calls; cats; colony; concentrations; conditions; cortisol; data; day; days; difference; direction; domestic; domestic cats; enclosure; enrichment; environmental; faculty; faecal; fgcm; ganswindt; glucocorticoid; groups; housing; hubrecht; important; increase; individual; indoor; introduction; journal; kirkwood; laboratory; looking; methods; min; monkeys; outdoor; potential; pretoria; primate; research; results; room; samples; science; significant; social; south; space; species; specific; stress; study; table; test; time; university; use; vervet monkeys; vervets; veterinary; weight
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        item: #171 of 505
          id: ojvr-1871
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1871
        date: None
       words: 9483
      flesch: 41
     summary: Sections from intact mice exhibited copious intact cells with centralised nuclei (yellow arrow) in contrast to sections from infected mice where fewer cells appeared ghost-like (black arrow) with nuclei pushed to the periphery. Also, results from this study showed little or no contribution of the pain processing system on malaria-related death in infected mice.
    keywords: activities; adrenergic; analgesic; animals; antagonist; anti; area; arrow; atpase; behaviours; blood; body; brain; cd68; cell; cerebral; cingulate; contribution; cortex; count; data; day; death; decreased; different; drugs; early; early phase; effect; et al; experimental; field; figure; foot; formalin; formalin pain; formalin test; frequency; function; glucose; group; health; hind; humans; hydrochloride; ilorin; increase; induced; infected; infected mice; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; inoculation; intact; intact animals; intact mice; journal; late; late phase; level; licking; like; malaria; maze; methods; mice; min; model; mortality; motor; mouse; naloxone; neurogenic; neuroscience; nigeria; nociceptive; noradrenaline; noxious; observed; open; pain; pain perception; pain sensitivity; pain test; parasitaemia; parasites; paw; pbs; perception; phase; phentolamine; plasma; plasmodium; post; primary; propranolol; protein; receptor; red; research; response; results; sciences; sections; sensation; sensitivity; serotonin; significant; similar; studies; study; survival; swiss; swiss mice; system; test; time; university; von; weight; yohimbine
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        item: #172 of 505
          id: ojvr-1872
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1872
        date: None
       words: 8503
      flesch: 43
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191789 Zhang, W., Du, R.-H., Li, B., Zheng, X.-S., Yang, X.-L., Hu, B. et al., 2020, ‘Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: Implication of multiple shedding routes’, Emerging Microbes & Infections 9(1), 386–389. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1729071 Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J. et al., 2020, ‘A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019’, New England Journal of Medicine 382, 772–733. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 Zou, X., Chen, K., Zou, J., Han, P., Hao, J. & Han, Z., 2020, ‘Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection’, Frontiers of Medicine 14, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.014 Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y. et al., 2020, ‘Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia’, New England Journal of Medicine 382, 1199–1207. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316. Li, W., Shi, Z., Yu, M., Ren, W., Smith, C., Epstein, J.H. et al., 2005, ‘Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses’, Science 310(5748), 676–679. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1118391 Li, X., Zai, J., Zhao, Q., Nie, Q., Li, Y., Foley, B.T. et al., 2020, ‘Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2’, Journal of Medical Virology 92(6), 602–611. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25731 Liang, G., Chen, Q., Xu, J., Liu, Y., Lim, W., Peiris, J. et al., 2004, ‘Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS, Guangdong Province, China’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(10), 1774.
    keywords: acute; animal; arabia; article; bats; bovine; camels; cause; characterization; china; clinical; close; contact; corman; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; der; discovery; diseases; diversity; drexler; east; emergence; england; et al; evolution; gene; genetic; genome; genomic; hcov; hcov-229e; high; hku1; hoek; host; human; human coronavirus; human covs; human transmission; important; infected; infectious; intermediate; isolated; isolation; j. et; journal; lai; lancet; lau; like; lim; liu; long; mechanism; medical; medicine; mers; microbiology; middle; molecular; new; nl63; non; novel; oc43; patients; perlman; pneumonia; population; potential; protein; r. et; range; receptor; recombination; related; reservoir; respiratory; respiratory syndrome; review; sars; saudi; severe; source; species; spike; spread; stability; strains; study; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; transmission; van; veterinary; viral; virology; viruses; wang; wild; woo; woo et; zhang; zhu; zoonotic
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        item: #173 of 505
          id: ojvr-1876
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1876
        date: None
       words: 3308
      flesch: 41
     summary: Conclusion Results from this study suggest that T. zimbabwensis is unable to develop and establish in the African sharp tooth catfish, however, results from tigerfish suggest that some individual fish could, under very specific circumstances, maintain T. zimbabwensis larvae. Trichinella zimbabwensis larvae, previously derived from a Nile crocodile, were maintained in a colony of rats housed at the Biological Resource Unit (BRU) at the Westville Campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
    keywords: africa; body; catfish; clarias; day; development; et al; experimental; fish; gariepinus; gastrointestinal; grange; group; host; hydrocynus; infected; infection; kapel; larvae; lpg; moretti; mukaratirwa; muscle; natural; nile; p.i; parasitology; pozio; research; results; sharp; south; studies; study; table; temperature; tigerfish; tissue; tomašovičová; tooth; tract; trichinella; trichinella zimbabwensis; trichinellosis; university; veterinary; vittatus; water; weight; zimbabwensis
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        item: #174 of 505
          id: ojvr-1877
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1877
        date: None
       words: 3515
      flesch: 44
     summary: Abstract In this study, the serological surveillance of Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) in southern Egypt was carried out for 460 serum samples collected from domestic animals (unvaccinated), including cattle, sheep, goat, camel and donkey reared in three different provinces (Qena, Luxor and Aswan). Introduction Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a vector-borne viral disease caused by Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV), a member of the Bunyaviridae family and Phlebovirus genus that primarily affects domestic ruminants, causing large epizootics with high mortality rates in young animals and abortions in affected dams (Mansfield et al. 2015; Shabani et al. 2015).
    keywords: africa; age; animals; antibodies; arabia; aswan; authors; breeding; camel; cattle; clinical; control; data; disease; distribution; domestic; donkey; egypt; et al; farm; faye; fever; goat; high; higher; hudson; individual; infectious; journal; luxor; medicine; nabeth; outbreak; plate; qena; result; rift; rift valley; rvfv; samples; saudi; sera; sex; shabani; sheep; southern; study; system; table; test; transmission; valley; valley fever; virus
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        item: #175 of 505
          id: ojvr-1880
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1880
        date: None
       words: 5338
      flesch: 44
     summary: Abstract This study was carried out to investigate the resistance phenotypes and resistance genes of Escherichia coli from swine in Guizhou, China. Twenty antibiotic resistance genes were detected, including six β-lactamase genes blaTEM (74.5%), blaCTX-M-9G (29.8%), blaDHA (17.0%), blaCTX-M-1G (10.6%), blaSHV (8.5%), blaOXA (2.1%), five aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes aac(3′)-IV (93.6%), aadA1 (78.7%), aadA2 (76.6%), aac(3′)-II c (55.3%), aac(6′)-Ib (2.1%) and five amphenicol resistance genes floR (70.2%), cmlA (53.2%), cat2 (10.6%), cat1 (6.4%), cmlB (2.1%), three PMQR genes qnrS (55.3%), oqxA (53.2%), qepA (27.7%) and polypeptide resistance gene mcr-1 (40.4%).
    keywords: agar; agents; analysis; animal; antibiotic; antimicrobial; args; bacterial; beta; blactx; blatem; chemotherapy; chen; china; chinese; clinical; coli; coli strains; detection; drug; e. coli; enzyme; esbls; escherichia; escherichia coli; extended; genes; guizhou; higher; highest; husbandry; institute; isolated; journal; lactamase; liu; m-9; medicine; medium; multidrug; multiple; oqxa; pig; plasmid; pmqr; positive; prevalence; quinolone; rate; resistance; resistance genes; spectrum; strains; study; susceptibility; swine; table; test; use; veterinary; yang; yangzhou
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        item: #176 of 505
          id: ojvr-1886
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1886
        date: None
       words: 2886
      flesch: 49
     summary: Keywords: malignant catarrhal fever; tegument gene; gB gene; OvHV-2; Turkey. Introduction Known as a fatal infection, malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) affects susceptible cattle, wild ruminants and pigs (Plowright, Ferris & Scott 1960).
    keywords: affected; ankara; associated; catarrhal; cattle; clinical; cow; department; detection; different; disease; faculty; farm; fever; figure; gb gene; gene; glycoprotein; herpesvirus; infection; journal; malignant; mcf; medicine; ovhv-2; ovine; pcr; phylogenetic; positive; primers; results; ruminants; samples; sequences; sheep; strains; study; tegument; tegument gene; turkey; university; veterinary; virology; virus; viruses
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        item: #177 of 505
          id: ojvr-189
      author: Mavenyengwa, M.; Mukaratirwa, S.; Obwolo, M.; Monrad, J.
       title: A macro- and light microscopical study of the pathology of Calicophoron microbothrium infection in experimentally infected cattle
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 8339
      flesch: 52
     summary: On Day 28 pi the histopathological lesions in the duodenum and jejunum of the LD and MD groups were similar, comprising subtotal villous atrophy, hyperplasia of Brunner’s glands and Peyer’s patch- es and moderate infiltration of eosinophils, mast cells and a few globule leukocytes, basophils and lymphocytes in the lamina propria. Heavy infiltrations of eosinophils, moderate amounts of mast cells and a few basophils, globule leukocytes and lymphocytes were still present in the lamina propria of all three groups.
    keywords: abomasal; abomasum; amphistomes; animals; atrophy; basophils; boray; brunner; calicophoron; cattle; cells; clinical; contents; cystic; day; deorani; different; dinnik; disease; distal; dose; duodenal; duodenum; end; eosinophils; experimental; flukes; folds; gastrointestinal; glands; globule; goats; goblet; gross; group; helminth; histopathological; horak; huntley; hyperplasia; immature; infected; infection; infiltration; intestinal; jejunum; journal; lakra; lamina; lesions; leukocytes; low; lymphocytes; mast; mechanisms; metacercariae; microbothrium; migration; miller; moderate; mucosal; mukaratirwa; numbers; paramphistomiasis; paramphistomum; parasite; parasitology; pathological; pathology; present; propria; proximal; recovered; research; rolfe; rumen; ruminal; ruminants; sheep; similar; singh; small; studies; study; tissue; veterinary; villous; zimbabwe
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        item: #178 of 505
          id: ojvr-1891
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1891
        date: None
       words: 7052
      flesch: 39
     summary: The seroprevalence of T. evansi infection was determined in sera of 865 camels from 82 herds located in eastern Algeria using an antibody test (card agglutination test for Trypanosomiasis – CATT/T. evansi). There was no association between breed, sex or age with T. evansi infection.
    keywords: a.a; abortions; africa; age; agglutination; algeria; analysis; animal; areas; arid; associated; blood; boushaki; breed; brucei; camels; card; catt; climate; data; delafosse; detection; dia; differences; disease; distribution; district; doutoum; dromedarius; dromedary; eastern; epidemiological; et al; ethiopia; evansi; evansi infection; evansi seropositivity; evansi seroprevalence; factors; geographical; ghardaia; gutierrez; health; herd; higher; husbandry; important; individual; infected; infection; journal; level; likely; location; losses; management; medicine; model; mohamed; natural; njiru; parasite; parasitology; populations; potential; production; rates; region; research; results; risk; sample; sciences; scientific; sergent; serological; seropositivity; seroprevalence; sex; size; sources; southeastern; studies; study; surra; system; t. evansi; table; technical; test; tested; times; tropical; trypanosoma; trypanosoma evansi; trypanosomosis; vectors; veterinary; water
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        item: #179 of 505
          id: ojvr-1892
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1892
        date: None
       words: 4003
      flesch: 43
     summary: https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.897 Khalafalla, A.I., Saeed, I.K., Ali, Y.H., Abdurrahman, M.B., Kwiatek, O., Libeau, G. et al., 2010, ‘An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camels in the Sudan’, Acta Tropica 116(2), 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.002 Kwiatek, O., Ali, Y.H., Saeed, I.K., Khalafalla, A.I., Mohamed, O.I., Obeida, A.A. et al., 2011, ‘Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 17(7), 1223–1231. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1707.101216 Maes, P., Amarasinghe, G.K., Ayllón, M.A., Basler, C.F., Bavari, S., Blasdell, K.R. et al., 2019, ‘Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: Second update’, Archives of Virology 164(4), 1233–1244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-04126-4 OIE, 2019, ‘Peste des petits ruminants (Infection with peste des petits ruminants virus)’, in Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 7th edn., Chapter 3.7.9, Office International des Epizooties (OIE), Paris, available from https://www.oie.int/standard-setting/terrestrial-manual/access-online/ Osman, N.A., 2005, ‘Peste des petits ruminants in Sudan: Detection, virus isolation and indentification, pathogenicity and serosurveillance’, Thesis for master degree, University of Khartoum, Sudan. Osman, N.A., A/Rahman, M.E., Ali, A.S. & Fadol, M.A., 2008, ‘Rapid detection of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antigen in Sudan by agar gel precipitation (AGPT) and haemagglutination (HA) tests’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 40(5), 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-007-9106-1 Osman, N.A., Ibrahim, H.M.A., Osman, A.A., Alnour, R.M. & Gamal Eldin, O.A., 2018, ‘Sero-prevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in sheep and goats from the Sudan, 2016–2017’, Virus Disease 29(4), 531–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-018-0496-7 Rahman, H., Kamboh, A.A., Abro, S.H. & Abubakar, M., 2020, ‘An investigation on the prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in the camels of Sindh, Pakistan’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 52(4), 1863–1867.
    keywords: ali; animals; antigen; central; detection; disease; elisa; et al; figure; gezira; goats; haemagglutination; hasaheisa; hau; healthy; higher; khartoum; laboratory; lung; osman; peste; pneumonic; positive; pprv; prevalence; production; rbcs; red; reported; research; results; ruminants; ruminants virus; saeed; samples; sheep; slaughterhouse; small; state; study; sudan; test; tissue; titre; veterinary; virus
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        item: #180 of 505
          id: ojvr-1895
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1895
        date: None
       words: 8092
      flesch: 43
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1087139 Halfmann, P.J., Hatta, M., Chiba, S., Maemura, T., Fan, S., Takeda, M. et al., 2020, ‘Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats’, The New England Journal of Medicine 383(1), 592–594. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2013400 Hu, B., Zeng, L-P., Yang, X-L., Ge, X-Y., Zhang, W., Li, B. et al., 2017, ‘Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus’, PLoS Pathogens 13(11), e1006698. Weingartl, H.M., Copps, J., Drebot, M.A., Marszal, P., Smith, G., Gren, J. et al., 2004, ‘Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(2), 179–184. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1002.030677 WHO, 2019a, MERS global summary and assessment of risk.
    keywords: acute; acute respiratory; american; animal; antibodies; antibody; arabia; association; bat; bats; beta; camels; cases; cats; china; civets; clinical; contact; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; covs; different; disease; dogs; domestic; dromedary; east; et al; evidence; evolution; experimental; ferrets; gene; genome; guan; health; high; host; human; identity; infected; infection; inoculated; intermediate; journal; known; lau; like; medical; medicine; mers; middle; model; nasal; natural; nature; new; novel; origin; outbreak; palm; pandemic; pangolins; pcr; pet; pigs; positive; potential; related; reservoir; respiratory; respiratory syndrome; results; review; sars; saudi; science; severe; signs; source; species; studies; study; susceptible; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; transmission; van; veterinary; viral; virology; viruses; wild; wildlife; woo; zhang; zhou; zoonotic
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        item: #181 of 505
          id: ojvr-1899
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1899
        date: None
       words: 4743
      flesch: 45
     summary: Gibbs, E.P., Taylor, W.P., Lawman, M.J. & Bryant, J., 1979, ‘Classification of peste des petits ruminants virus as the fourth member of the genus Morbillivirus’, Intervirolology 11, 268–274. Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Samuel E. Mantip Communicable Disease Research Unit, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Contonou, Benin Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Anthony Sigismeau CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France Maurice Nanven Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Atuman Joel Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Abayomi M. Qasim Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Sada Aliyu Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Ibrahim Musa Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Ogechukwu Ezeanyika Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Ibikunle Faramade Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Garba Ahmed Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Timothy Y. Woma Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria David Shamaki Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Genevieve Libeau CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France Souaibou Farougou Communicable Disease Research Unit, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Contonou, Benin Arnaud Bataille CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France Citation Mantip, S.E., Sigismeau, A., Nanven, M., Joel, A., Qasim, A.M., Aliyu, S. et al., 2021 ‘Wide circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep and goats across Nigeria’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 88(1), a1899. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1899 Original Research Wide circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep and goats across Nigeria Samuel E. Mantip, Anthony Sigismeau, Maurice Nanven, Atuman Joel, Abayomi M. Qasim, Sada Aliyu, Ibrahim Musa, Ogechukwu Ezeanyika, Ibikunle Faramade, Garba Ahmed, Timothy Y. Woma, David Shamaki, Genevieve Libeau, Souaibou Farougou, Arnaud Bataille Received: 05 Aug. 2020; Accepted: 15 June 2021; Published: 07 Sept. 2021 Copyright:
    keywords: africa; agro; animal; astre; cell; cirad; circulation; clinical; country; culture; des; different; disease; division; ecological; et al; field; figure; france; gene; goats; infection; institute; isolation; libeau; lineage; mantip; medium; molecular; montpellier; morbillivirus; nasal; national; nigeria; oie; pcr; peste; petits; positive; ppr; pprv; presence; research; results; ruminants; ruminants virus; s.e.m; samples; sampling; sequences; shamaki; sheep; size; south; states; studies; study; taylor; tissue; total; university; veterinary; veterinary research; viral; virology; virology division; virus; vom; west; zones
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        item: #182 of 505
          id: ojvr-1903
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1903
        date: None
       words: 2940
      flesch: 40
     summary: Abstract Introduction Case report Results and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Katalina Cruz Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St Kitts and Nevis, West Indies Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain Tatiana M. Corey St Kitts Biomedical Research Foundation and Virscio, St Kitts and Nevis, Lower Bourreyaeu, West Indies Michel Vandenplas Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St Kitts and Nevis, West Indies María Trelis Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain Antonio Osuna Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain Patrick J. Kelly Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St Kitts and Nevis, West Indies Citation Cruz, K., Corey, T.M., Vandenplas, M., Trelis, M., Osuna, A. & Kelly, P.J., 2021, ‘Case report: Control of intestinal nematodes in captive Chlorocebus sabaeus’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 88(1), a1903. Nonhuman primate research facilities require effective parasite treatment and prevention protocols to minimise infections that may confound research outcomes and cause unnecessary stress, which lowers the quality of life of study animals.
    keywords: adult; african; agms; albendazole; animals; biomedical; capillaria; captive; data; eggs; et al; faculty; foundation; green; husbandry; infections; island; ival; ivermectin; journal; kitts; medicine; monkeys; months; national; necropsy; negative; nematode; parasitology; regimen; report; research; results; sabaeus; species; strongyloides; studies; study; table; treatment; trichiura; trichuris; university; use; veterinary
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        item: #183 of 505
          id: ojvr-1908
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1908
        date: None
       words: 4460
      flesch: 46
     summary: The age of the animals were between 1 year and 5 years as shown in Figure 1. FIGURE 1: Repartition of tuberculosis suspected animals by age. Palomino, J.C. & Portaels, F., 1998, ‘Effects of decontamination methods and culture conditions on viability of Mycobacterium ulcerans in the BACTEC system’, The Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, 402–408. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.36.2.402-408.1998 Regnoult, M.G., 1963, ‘Animal tuberculosis in West African territories of French expression’, Rev Pathol Gen Physiol Clin 63, 1093–1115.
    keywords: abattoir; affected; africa; age; analysis; animal; article; authors; biomedical; bobo; bovine; bovis; btb; burkina; burkina faso; carcasses; cases; cattle; centre; collection; control; countries; data; department; des; diagnosis; dioulasso; disease; economic; et al; faso; figure; goats; health; inspection; journal; laboratory; lesions; liver; meat; methods; microbiological; muraz; mycobacterium; organ; pigs; presence; prevalence; research; results; routine; ruminants; samples; sciences; sex; sheep; slaughterhouse; small; small ruminants; sterile; study; table; tuberculosis; university; veterinary
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        item: #184 of 505
          id: ojvr-191
      author: Uys, A.C.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Ticks on crested francolins, Francolinus sephaena, and on the vegetation on a farm in Limpopo Province, South Africa : research communication
        date: 2005-09-14
       words: 2982
      flesch: 58
     summary: Of these 86.9 % were 341 A.C. UYS & I.G. HORAK TABLE 1 Ticks collected from 23 crested francolins on the farm “Sandspruit”, Limpopo Province Total number of ticks collected Proportion No. of birds Tick species Larvae Nymphs Total (%) infested Amblyomma hebraeum 853 37 890 40.44 20 Amblyomma marmoreum 582 10 592 26.90 13 Hyalomma marginatum rufipes 507 This is particularly so for migrating birds (Hoogstraal, Kaiser, Traylor, Gaber & Guindy 1961), or species such as helmeted guinea- fowls, Numida meleagris, that on occasion can har- bour large numbers of immature ticks (Horak & Williams 1986; Horak, Spickett, Braack & Williams 1991).
    keywords: africa; amblyomma; birds; crested; evertsi; farm; francolins; free; guineafowls; hebraeum; helmeted; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; journal; larvae; limpopo; marginatum; marmoreum; nymphs; onderstepoort; province; research; rhipicephalus; rufipes; south; species; stages; ticks; vegetation; veterinary; williams
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        item: #185 of 505
          id: ojvr-1911
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1911
        date: None
       words: 3590
      flesch: 32
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/166.5.972 Meredith, C.D. & Nel, L.H., 1996, ‘Further isolation of Mokola virus in South Africa’, The Veterinary Record 138(5), 119–120. Nel, L., Jacobs, J., Jaftha, J., Von Teichman, B. & Bingham, J., 2000, ‘New cases of Mokola virus infection in South Africa: Smithers, R.H.N., 1971, A checklist of the mammals of Botswana, Trustees of the National Museum of Rhodesia, Salisbury. Smith, T.G. & Gilbert, A.T., 2017, ‘Comparison of a micro-neutralization test with the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test for measuring rabies virus neutralizing antibodies’, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 2(3), 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed2030024 Walker, P.J., Breyta, R., Blasdell, K.R., Calisher, C.H., Dietzgen, R.G., Fooks, A.R. et al., 2018, ‘Rhabdoviridaee’, in J.H. Kuhn & S.G. Siddel (eds.), ICTV Report Negative-sense RNA viruses, Journal of Gen eral Virology, 99, 447–448. viewed 24 May 2020, from https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/negative-sense-rna-viruses/w/rhabdoviridae Appendix 1 TABLE 1-A1: Non-volant small mammal species included in the surveillance of Mokola virus in South Africa. TABLE 2-A1:
    keywords: acid; africa; antibodies; appendix; assay; cases; coertse; department; diseases; et al; faculty; gerbilliscus; gerbils; health; history; identification; journal; l.h; leucogaster; limpopo; lyssavirus; mammals; markotter; medical; meletse; mokola; mokola virus; mokv; museum; national; natural; neutralisation; neutralising; non; presence; pretoria; project; province; rabies; reported; research; reservoir; rodents; samples; sciences; serological; serum; shrews; small; south; south africa; species; study; surveillance; table; university; veterinary; viral; virus; volant
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        item: #186 of 505
          id: ojvr-1912
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2020-12-20
       words: 444
      flesch: 36
     summary: http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Page 1 of 1 Reviewer Acknowledgement Acknowledgement to reviewers In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on https:// ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; acknowledgement; ali; details; https://ojvr.org; https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/user; journal; onderstepoort; peer; publication; research; reviewer; tel; user; veterinary; website
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        item: #187 of 505
          id: ojvr-1919
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1919
        date: None
       words: 7487
      flesch: 48
     summary: African swine fever disease outbreaks in South Africa before 1993 Figure 1 illustrates local, metropolitan municipalities and consequently provinces probably affected by African swine fever before the development of the OIE diseases database in 1993. African swine fever outbreaks were confirmed since 1973 as stated by Bastos et al.
    keywords: addition; affected; african; african swine; animal; area; article; asf; asf outbreaks; asfv; bastos; cape; cases; control; country; current; database; dead; department; development; disease; distribution; district; domestic; eastern; et al; farms; fever; fever outbreaks; fever virus; free; gauteng; genotypes; health; history; infected; journal; kock; limpopo; livestock; mpumalanga; new; northern; number; oie; order; organisation; outbreaks; penrith; period; pigs; pretoria; prevention; probable; production; province; region; research; review; scale; sector; services; small; smallholder; south; south africa; southern; state; study; swine; swine fever; sylvatic; table; ticks; time; transmission; transvaal; university; veterinary; virus; vosloo; warthogs; west; world
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        item: #188 of 505
          id: ojvr-1932
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Table of Contents Vol 87, No 1 (2020)
        date: 2020-12-23
       words: 1009
      flesch: -99
     summary: A review of Listeria monocytogenes from meat and meat products: Epidemiology, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and diagnosis Itumeleng Matle, Khanyisile R. Mbatha, Evelyn Madoroba Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1869 | 09 October 2020 Review Article Zoonotic origins and animal hosts of coronaviruses causing human disease pandemics: A review Abdalla A. Latif, Samson Mukaratirwa Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1895 | 21 December 2020 Research Communication Survey of the knowledge, attitude and perceptions on bovine tuberculosis in Mnisi community, Mpumalanga, South Africa Rudo Marange, Darshana Morar-Leather, Folorunso O. Fasina Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1808 | 30 July 2020 Research Communication Experimental infection of tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus) and African sharp tooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) with Trichinella zimbabwensis Louis J. la Grange, Samson Mukaratirwa Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1876 | 05 November 2020 Original Research An assessment of bovine herpes virus 4 as a causative agent in abortions and neonatal death Seval B. Dağalp, Ali R. Babaoglu, Firat Doğan, Touraj A. Farzani, Feray Alkan Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1761 | 06 February 2020 Original Research Validating a non-invasive technique for monitoring physiological stress in the samango monkey Juan Scheun, Adrian S.W. Tordiffe, Kirsten Wimberger, Andre Ganswindt Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1720 | 27 February 2020 Original Research Investigating selective media for optimal isolation of Brucella spp. in South Africa Maphuti B. Ledwaba, Okechukwu C. Ndumnego, Itumeleng Matle, Awoke K. Gelaw, Henriette van Heerden Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1792 | 04 March 2020 1 9 29 38 42 47 52 60 Vol 87, No 1 (2020) ISSN: 0030-2465 (print) ISSN: 2219-0635 (online)Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Table of Contents Original Research Detection and characterisation of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever infection from ruminants by using tegument and gB gene sequences of OvHV-2 Tuba Ç. Oğuzoğlu, Seçkin Salar, Ece Adıgüzel, Cansu Demirden, Onur Ülgenalp Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1886 | 11 November 2020 Original Research A report on the housing vervet monkeys adjacent to domestic cats as a means of environmental enrichment John K. Chipangura, Andre Ganswindt, Vinny Naidoo Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1870 | 26 November 2020 Original Research Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in pneumonic lungs from apparently healthy sheep and goats slaughtered at Al-Hasaheisa slaughterhouse, Gezira state, central Sudan Alaa E.M. Alhussain, Nahid A.S. Abdalla, Sana I. Mohammed, Mihad Hakeem, Ihsan H. Ahmed, Nussieba A. Osman Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1892 | 17 December 2020 135 139 145 Original Research Seroprevalence and risk factors for Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of surra, in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) population in Southeastern Algeria Mohammed H. Benaissa, Nora Mimoune, Younes Bentria, Tahar Kernif, Abdelaziz Boukhelkhal, Curtis R. Youngs, Rachid Kaidi, Bernard Faye, Youcef Halis Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1891 | 21 December 2020 Reviewer Acknowledgement Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 87, No 1 | a1912 | 20 December 2020 151 160 Page ii of ii
    keywords: africa; arnot; article; bovine; contents; december; factors; february; luke; michel; mukaratirwa; november; onderstepoort journal; original; original research; review; samson; september; south; south africa; table; veterinary research; virus; vol
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        item: #189 of 505
          id: ojvr-1937
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1937
        date: None
       words: 8942
      flesch: 32
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-8579(01)00406-X Van Duijkeren, E., Catry, B., Greko, C., Moreno, M.A., Pomba, M.C., Pyörälä, S. et al., 2011, ‘Review on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius’, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 66(12), 2705–2714. Staphylococcus aureus antibiotic resistance in South Africa: Schmidt et al. (2015) found in a limited study conducted in KwaZulu-Natal that 48% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to beta-lactams.
    keywords: africa; african dairy; america; ampicillin; animal; antibiotic; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; article; aureus; available; bacteria; bovine; cattle; clinical; coagulase; control; countries; cows; dairy; dairy cows; dairy herds; dairy science; data; department; different; diseases; donkin; drugs; effective; et al; factors; faculty; farms; food; genes; genotypes; germany; group; growth; health; herds; human; i.m; immune; importance; incidence; infected; infections; information; international; intramammary; isolates; journal; karzis; karzis et; literature; livestock; main; maltose; management; mastitis; medicine; methicillin; milk; milking; monistero; monistero et; national; need; negative; new; organisms; pathogens; penicillin; petzer; petzer et; positive; present; pretoria; prevalence; producers; production; pseudintermedius; recent; remedies; research; resistance; review; s. aureus; samples; schmidt; science; south; south africa; specific; staphylococcus; staphylococcus aureus; sth; strains; studies; study; surveillance; terms; time; transmission; treatment; udder; university; use; van; veterinary
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        item: #190 of 505
          id: ojvr-1940
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1940
        date: None
       words: 4993
      flesch: 40
     summary: Successful nests again point towards great incubation conditions for sea turtle nests on CPDK. Comparable hatching rates have been documented in the entire country (Hudgins et al. 2017), showing that beach conditions in the Maldives are currently well-suited for sea turtle nests, providing these nests are left to develop undisturbed.
    keywords: abnormalities; activity; arrow; atoll; baa; biological; bárcenas; caretta; case; chelonia; coco; conditions; confirmed; congenital; conservation; country; cpdk; craven; data; deformities; development; dhuni; dodd; downie; eckert; eggs; embryo; environmental; et al; figure; florida; fusion; green; green turtle; hatching; heads; high; hudgins; ibarra; images; incubation; island; journal; kaska; kolhu; loggerhead; maldives; malformations; marine; miller; monitoring; mydas; national; natural; necropsy; nesting; nests; olive; opening; palm; point; polycephaly; populations; radiographic; rate; report; reptiles; research; review; rhodin; ridley; science; scute; sea; sea turtle; species; studies; study; success; table; technical; temperature; turtle; unhatched; united; university; wildlife
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        item: #191 of 505
          id: ojvr-1949
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1949
        date: None
       words: 448
      flesch: 39
     summary: Authors’ contributions About the Author(s) Gerda Fouche CSIR Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Bellonah M. Sakong Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Olubukola T. Adenubi Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Elizabeth Pauw Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Tlabo Leboho CSIR Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Mbokota C. Khosa Agricultural Research Council – Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Nelspruit, South Africa Kevin W. Wellington CSIR Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Jacobus N. Eloff Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Citation Fouche, G., Sakong, B.M., Adenubi, O.T., Pauw, E., Leboho, T., Khosa, M.C. et al., 2021, ‘Corrigendum: Anthelmintic activity of acetone extracts from South African plants used on egg hatching of Haemonchus contortus’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 88(1), a1949. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1949 Note: DOI of original article published: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1164 Correction Corrigendum: Anthelmintic activity of acetone extracts from South African plants used on egg hatching of Haemonchus contortus Gerda Fouche, Bellonah M. Sakong, Olubukola T. Adenubi, Elizabeth Pauw, Tlabo Leboho, Mbokota C. Khosa, Kevin W. Wellington, Jacobus N. Eloff Published: 27 July 2021 Copyright: © 2021.
    keywords: africa; authors; department; extracts; paraclinical; pretoria; sciences; south; south africa; university
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        item: #192 of 505
          id: ojvr-195
      author: Schultz, R.A.; Kellerman, T.S.; Van den Berg, H.
       title: The role of fluorescence polarization immuno-assay in the diagnosis of plant-induced cardiac glycoside poisoning livestock in South Africa
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 7480
      flesch: 57
     summary: As a result of this assay, a better understanding of cardiac glycoside poisoning has been reached. Keywords: Bufadienolide, cardenolide, cardiac glycoside poisoning, ruminants, toxic plants 1 Division of Toxicology, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa 2 Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa Accepted for publication 11 April 2005—Editor stock.
    keywords: affected; africa; animals; assay; bufadienolide; camp; cardenolide; cardiac; cardiac glycoside; cases; cattle; charcoal; clinical; contents; death; diagnosis; digoxin; drimia; elevated; fluorescence; fpia; fpia values; fresh; glycoside; glycoside poisoning; heifers; high; immuno; joubert; journal; kellerman; kidney; leaves; levels; liver; livestock; low; mean; moraea; necropsy; nmol; onderstepoort; outbreak; pallida; plants; poisoning; polarization; polystachya; province; r.a; range; rumenal; rumenal contents; sanguinea; schultz; serum; sheep; signs; south; southern; species; spp; stems; stomach; t.s; table; treatment; tulp; tulp poisoning; tylecodon; values; van; veterinary
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        item: #193 of 505
          id: ojvr-1950
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1950
        date: None
       words: 484
      flesch: 30
     summary: Authors’ contributions About the Author(s) Gerda Fouche Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Bellonah M. Sakong Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Olubukola T. Adenubi Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Jean Paul Dzoyem Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Vinny Naidoo Biomedical Research Center, University of Pretoria, South Africa Tlabo Leboho Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Mbokota C. Khosa Agricultural Research Council – Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Nelspruit, South Africa Kevin W. Wellington Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Jacobus N. Eloff Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa Citation Fouche, G., Sakong, B.M., Adenubi, O.T., Dzoyem, J.P., Naidoo, V., Leboho, T. et al., 2021, ‘Corrigendum: Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of Rhipicephalus turanicus’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 88(1), a1950. The indicated author should be added as the seventh author, and the following affiliation should be added as his affiliation: Agricultural Research Council – Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Nelspruit, South Africa.
    keywords: acaricidal; activity; africa; council; extracts; pretoria; research; sciences; south; south africa; university
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        item: #194 of 505
          id: ojvr-1951
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1951
        date: None
       words: 483
      flesch: 28
     summary: About the Author(s) Gerda Fouche Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Olubukola T. Adenubi Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Tlabo Leboho Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Mbokota C. Khosa Agricultural Research Council – Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Nelspruit, South Africa Lyndy J. McGaw Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Vinny Naidoo Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Kevin W. Wellington Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, Pretoria, South Africa Jacobus N. Eloff Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Citation Fouche, G., Adenubi, O.T., Leboho, T., Khosa, M.C., McGaw, L.J., Naidoo, V. et al., 2021, ‘Corrigendum: Acaricidal activity of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of 15 South African plants against Rhipicephalus turanicus and their toxicity on human liver and kidney cells’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 88(1), a1951. The indicated author should be added as the fourth author, and the following affiliation should be added as his affiliation: Agricultural Research Council – Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Nelspruit, South Africa.
    keywords: activity; africa; department; extracts; onderstepoort; pretoria; research; sciences; south; south africa; university
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        item: #195 of 505
          id: ojvr-1955
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1955
        date: None
       words: 5156
      flesch: 35
     summary: Seventeen isolates (58.62%) of Pasteurella multocida had MIC values in the susceptible range and 41.38% (12 isolates) had an intermediate MIC value. Isolates included samples from surveillance programmes (44.82%) and clinical cases (55.17%) for the testing of florfenicol and oxytetracycline against P. multocida, all isolates had MIC value that was sensitive to florfenicol (Wentzel 2013).
    keywords: africa; animals; antibiotic; antimicrobial; article; bacterial; blondeau; breakpoint; clinical; concentration; determination; development; diagnostic; dilution; disease; drug; effective; enrofloxacin; et al; florfenicol; growth; higher; infections; inhibitory; isolates; j.m; journal; method; mic; mic90; minimum; mpc; mpc values; mpc50; multocida; mutant; oxytetracycline; pasteurella; pathogens; pretoria; prevention; range; reference; research; resistance; results; salmonella; south; study; systems; treatment; trek; typhimurium; university; use; values; veterinarians; veterinary; wentzel
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        item: #196 of 505
          id: ojvr-1960
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1960
        date: None
       words: 2852
      flesch: 37
     summary: Pereira de Oliveira, R., Hutet, E., Lancelot, R., Paboeuf, F., Duhayon, M., Boinas, F. et al., 2020, ‘Differential vector competence of Ornithodoros soft ticks for African swine fever virus: Here we report finding Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) zumpti ticks in warthog burrows for the first time.
    keywords: acid; africa; african swine; animal; area; argasid; asfv; burrows; cape; department; diseases; distribution; domestic; ecp; et al; extralimital; faculty; fever; figure; infection; national; new; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; outbreaks; pavlovskyella; penrith; pigs; potential; pretoria; province; research; science; south; south africa; species; study; swanepoel; swine; swine fever; ticks; time; university; vector; veterinary; virus; warthogs; zumpti
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        item: #197 of 505
          id: ojvr-1963
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1963
        date: None
       words: 6078
      flesch: 37
     summary: Apart from causing infections, E. coli pathotypes have been reported globally for their resistance to numerous antibiotics, including those used in clinical medicine. TABLE 1: Distribution of diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes along the farm-to-fork continuum.
    keywords: abattoir; abdalla; abia; abundance; africa; amoako; analysis; animals; antibiotic; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial; bester; cause; chain; children; clinical; coli; coli pathotypes; college; continuum; control; countries; dec; detection; diarrheagenic; different; disease; durban; e. coli; eiec; environments; escherichia; escherichia coli; essack; et al; etec; farm; farming; figure; food; foodborne; fork; gene; health; high; humans; hygiene; index; infectious; intensive; isolates; journal; kwazulu; mdr; meat; microbiology; multidrug; multiple; natal; pathogenic; pathotypes; pig; pigs; points; potential; practices; presence; prevalence; production; public; research; reservoirs; resistance; results; safety; samples; sampling; sciences; significant; sources; south; south africa; strains; study; susceptibility; table; total; truck; unit; university; veterinary; virulence; water
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        item: #198 of 505
          id: ojvr-1968
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1968
        date: None
       words: 4735
      flesch: 34
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Statistical methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Rhulani Makhuvele Toxicology and Ethnoveterinary Medicine, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary research, Onderstepoort, South Africa Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Kenn Foubert Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Nina Hermans Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Luc Pieters Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Luc Verschaeve Department of Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Esam Elgorashi Toxicology and Ethnoveterinary Medicine, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary research, Onderstepoort, South Africa Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa Citation Makhuvele, R., Foubert , K., Hermans , N., Pieters , L., Verschaeve, L. & Elgorashi, E., 2022, ‘Protective effects of methanolic leaf extracts of Monanthotaxis caffra against aflatoxin B1-induced hepatotoxicity in rats’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 89(1), a1968. Methanolic leaf extracts of M. caffra demonstrated protective effect against AFB1-induced toxicity at all tested concentrations.
    keywords: administration; afb1; afb1+mlemc; aflatoxin; aflatoxin b1; africa; aminotransferase; animals; antwerp; ast; belgium; bile; blood; caffra; choi; compounds; concentrations; control; council; creatinine; crotepoxide; curcumin; damage; days; department; different; duct; effects; elgorashi; enzymes; et al; extracts; figure; following; food; group; healthy; hepatocellular; hepatocytes; hepatotoxicity; histological; injury; journal; ldh; leaf; levels; liver; luc; m. caffra; makhuvele; methanolic; mlemc; monanthotaxis; national; necrosis; onderstepoort; plant; pretoria; protective; rats; research; sciences; serum; significant; south; studies; study; toxicity; toxicology; treated; treatment; university; veterinary
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        item: #199 of 505
          id: ojvr-197
      author: Mukaratirwa, S.; Hove, Thokozani; Cindzi, Z.M.; Maononga, D.B.; Taruvinga, M.; Matenga, Elizabeth
       title: First report of an outbreak of the oriental eye-fluke, Philophthalmus gralli (Mathis & Leger 1910), in commercially reared ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Zimbabwe
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 2421
      flesch: 52
     summary: Keywords: Melanoides tuberculata, oriental eye fluke, ostrich, Philophthalmus gralli, Zimbabwe * E-mail: smukarati@vet.uz.ac.zw Accepted for publication 8 July 2003—Editor and erosion in chickens (Kingston 1984), conjunc- tivitis with constant lacrimation in ostriches (Greve & Harrison 1980), redness and irritation of the eye, swelling of the semilunar fold and proliferation of papillae in the palpebral conjuctiva of man (Dissa- naike & Bilimoria 1958; Mimori et al. 1982). Conjuctivitis caused by eye flukes in captive-reared ostriches.
    keywords: alicata; birds; cercariae; eye; eyes; farm; field; fig; fluke; gralli; greve; harrison; host; infected; infection; intermediate; journal; laboratory; leger; mathis; melanoides; oriental; ostriches; outbreak; philophthalmus; snails; species; struthio; sucker; tuberculata; ventral; veterinary; water; zimbabwe
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        item: #200 of 505
          id: ojvr-1970
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1970
        date: None
       words: 6014
      flesch: 30
     summary: Data extraction After excluding irrelevant studies (non-African countries, antibiotic resistance in other animal species) and duplicates, the remaining studies were fully read in order to extract the data needed for this review: name of the first author, year of publication, country where the study was carried out, sources of samples, sample size, methods of analysis (disc diffusion method or molecular method), number of positive cases, number of bacterial strains tested and prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, resistance prevalences of 33.00% – 72.00% against tetracycline, 5.00% – 54.00% against cotrimoxazole, 31.00% against gentamicin, 26.00% – 69.00% against erythromycin and 20.00% – 59.00% against ciprofloxacin have been reported in humans (Lupande-Mwenebitu et al. 2020).
    keywords: abomey; acid; aeruginosa; africa; ampicillin; amr; analysis; animals; antibiotic; antibiotic resistant; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; aureus; authors; bacterial; bacterial strains; calavi; chloramphenicol; ciprofloxacin; coagulase; coli; cotrimoxazole; countries; data; different; diseases; dogs; enrofloxacin; escherichia; et al; europe; figure; gentamicin; health; high; humans; infections; isolates; journal; low; meta; methicillin; moyaert; multidrug; multidrug resistant; nalidixic; negative; nigeria; overall; overall prevalence; owners; penicillin; prevalence; pseudintermedius; pyogenes; qekwana; research; resistant; resistant staphylococcus; resistant strains; results; review; salmonella; south; staphylococcus; strains; streptomycin; studies; study; susceptibility; susceptible; table; tetracycline; university; use; veterinary
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        item: #201 of 505
          id: ojvr-1978
      author: None
       title: ojvr-1978
        date: None
       words: 6695
      flesch: 45
     summary: In dead test group birds, there was higher exposure to diclofenac compared to dead control group birds (Table 1), as evidenced by the higher geomean AUClast (0.87 μg/mL*h vs. 0.31 μg/mL*h) and Cmax values (1.24 μg/mL vs. 0.24 μg/mL) and lower Cl values (0.88 L/h*kg vs. 0.32 L/h*kg). Evaluation of the metabolite peaks produced also suggested partial metabolic inhibition in test group birds, as they produced lower amounts of metabolites for one of the three peaks demonstrated and had higher diclofenac exposure.
    keywords: acid; africa; analysis; animal; auclast; avian; birds; brunton; calculated; chicken; clearance; concentration; control; curve; cyp; cyp2c9; cytochrome; data; dead; deficiency; department; diclofenac; difference; domestic; dose; dosing; drug; duncan; enzyme; et al; exposure; faculty; figure; gallus; group; gyps; hassan; higher; hplc; human; inhibition; journal; known; ld50; lower; mean; metabolism; metabolites; min; mortality; naidoo; naidoo et; oecd; p450; paraclinical; parameters; peak; pharmacokinetic; pharmacology; phase; plasma; present; pretoria; research; result; samples; science; sodium; south; species; statistical; study; swan; t1/2; table; test; test group; time; toxicity; toxicology; treatment; university; uric; values; veterinary; vultures
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        item: #202 of 505
          id: ojvr-198
      author: Bertasso, A.; Avenant-Oldewage, A.
       title: Aspects of the ecology of the Asian tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 in yellowfish in the Vaal Dam, South Africa
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 7159
      flesch: 57
     summary: Species specificity When comparing fish species, L. kimberleyensis harboured a higher number of B. acheilognathi than L. aeneus (Table 2). From the statistical analyses (Pearson Chi-square) performed when data is pooled according to fish species, the presence/absence of B. acheilognathi was highly dependent on fish species, P values be- ing 0.000.
    keywords: abundance; acheilognathi; aeneus; africa; analyses; asian; autumn; bothriocephalus; bothriocephalus acheilognathi; carp; cestodes; dam; fig; fish; fish species; food; higher; host; infected; infection; intensity; intermediate; journal; kimberleyensis; l. aeneus; labeobarbus; largemouth; mashego; mean; number; parasites; pool; presence; prevalence; sampled; seasonal; seasons; significant; similar; size; smallmouth; south; species; specificity; spring; statistical; study; summer; survey; tapeworm; test; university; vaal; values; water; winter; yamaguti; yellowfish
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        item: #203 of 505
          id: ojvr-1981
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2021-12-21
       words: 417
      flesch: 34
     summary: http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Page 1 of 1 Reviewer Acknowledgement Acknowledgement to reviewers In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on https:// ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; acknowledgement; details; https://ojvr.org; journal; onderstepoort; peer; publication; research; reviewer; user; veterinary
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        item: #204 of 505
          id: ojvr-1984
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Table of Contents Vol 88, No 1 (2021)
        date: 2021-12-30
       words: 929
      flesch: -161
     summary: The spread and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds – A review Joanne Karzis, Inge-Marie Petzer, Vinny Naidoo, Edward F. Donkin Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1937 | 26 October 2021 Research Communication Case report: Control of intestinal nematodes in captive Chlorocebus sabaeus Katalina Cruz, Tatiana M. Corey, Michel Vandenplas, María Trelis, Antonio Osuna, Patrick J. Kelly Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1903 | 28 May 2021 Research Communication Surveillance of the rabies-related lyssavirus, Mokola in non-volant small mammals in South Africa William C. McMahon, Jessica Coertse, Teresa Kearney, Mark Keith, Lourens H. Swanepoel, Wanda Markotter Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1911 | 03 August 2021 Research Communication Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria Opeyemi U. Lawal, Abimbola O. Adekanmbi, Olawale O. Adelowo Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1959 | 30 November 2021 Research Communication Epidemiology and microscopic diagnosis of tuberculosis in pigs and small ruminants slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir, Burkina Faso Adama Sanou, Amadou Dicko, Kadiatou R. Sow, Arthur Djibougou, Antoinette Kabore, Bassirou Diarra, Arsène K. Ouedraogo, Dezemon Zingue, Moumini Nouctara, Zekiba Tarnagda Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1908 | 03 December 2021 Research Communication Updated distribution and host records for the argasid tick Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) zumpti: A potential vector of African swine fever virus in South Africa Anthony F. Craig, Livio Heath, Jan E. Crafford, Juergen A. Richt, Robert Swanepoel Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1960 | 09 December 2021 72 82 92 97 110 114 120 Page i of ii Table of Contents Original Research Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria decreases pain sensitivity in mice Aboyeji L. Oyewole, Oluwole Akinola, Bamidele V. Owoyele Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1871 | 11 January 2021 Original Research Epidemiology and serological detection of Rift Valley Fever disease in farm animals in southern Egypt Hassan Y.A.H. Mahmoud, Alsagher O. Ali Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1877 | 03 February 2021 Original Research Analysis of antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genes of Escherichia coli from healthy swine in Guizhou, China Bo Yu, Yanan Zhang, Li Yang, Jinge Xu, Shijin Bu Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1880 | 24 February 2021 Original Research In vitro anti-Toxoplasma gondii efficacy of synthesised benzyltriazole derivatives Huanping Guo, Yang Gao, David D. N’Da, Xuenan Xuan Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1898 | 11 June 2021 Original Research Spatial distribution and habitat selection of culicoides imicola: http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Table of Contents Review Article Review of African swine fever outbreaks history in South Africa: From 1926 to 2018 Ciza A. Mushagalusa, Eric Etter, Mary-Louise Penrith Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1919 | 29 September 2021 Review Article
    keywords: african; article; august; communication; contents; december; eloff; february; fever; jacobus; journal; naidoo; onderstepoort journal; original; original research; research communication; review; south; swine; table; veterinary research; vinny; virus; vol; wellington
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        item: #205 of 505
          id: ojvr-199
      author: Prozesky, L.; Bastianello, S.S.; Fourie, N.; Schultz, R.A.
       title: A study of the pathology and pathogenesis of the myocardial lesions in gousiekte, a plant-induced cardiotoxicosis of ruminants
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 6427
      flesch: 50
     summary: There appears to be a close similarity in the pattern of myocardial fibrosis in animals that die of gousiek- te and that in humans with dilated cardiomyopathy. Myocardial cells with advanced myofibrillar loss were atrophic (Fig. 12), with a de- creased cell diameter, whereas cells with a moder- ate degree of myofibrillar loss maintained a normal cell diameter as a result of the proliferation of other cytoplasmic components, particularly mitochondria.
    keywords: animals; areas; arrow; atrophy; blood; cardiac; cardiomyopathy; cardiotoxicosis; cases; cells; changes; days; degenerative; diffuse; failure; feature; fibres; fibrosis; fig; flow; focal; foci; fourie; free; gousiekte; harborii; heart; histopathological; homblei; hypertrophy; increase; intermediate; journal; latent; latent period; left; lesions; long; long latent; loss; material; mitochondria; myocardial; myofibres; necrosis; oedema; onderstepoort; period; plant; present; proliferation; protein; prozesky; pygmaeum; research; ruminants; schultz; series; sheep; short; small; south; study; subendocardial; table; tissue; van; ventricular; veterinary; wall; walt
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        item: #206 of 505
          id: ojvr-2
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2
        date: None
       words: 5472
      flesch: 48
     summary: Wound healing activity may be attributable, in part, to triterpene-rich fractions within the plant extracts we used. C. imberbe and C. nelsonii extracts accelerated wound healing, but there was no significant difference in wound contraction using 10% and 20% concentrations of the extracts in cream.
    keywords: acetone; activity; africa; albopunctactum; animals; antibacterial; antifungal; application; aqueous; body; chandrakasan; combretaceae; combretum; compounds; concentration; contraction; cream; crude; crust; curcas; data; day; days; dressing; effects; eloff; erythema; et al; ethnopharmacology; extracts; exudate; family; figure; formation; growth; healing; imberbe; influence; injury; j.n; jatropha; journal; laboratory; leaves; masoko; material; medicinal; methods; model; national; nelsonii; plants; powder; pretoria; process; products; rats; research; results; sciences; sericea; skin; south; species; study; suguma; temperature; terminalia; topical; toxicity; treatment; university; use; vivo; weight; wound; wound healing
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        item: #207 of 505
          id: ojvr-2006
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2006
        date: None
       words: 9288
      flesch: 36
     summary: Results Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in meat and meat products Of the total number of collected meat samples, 12% (70/581) were positive for Y. enterocolitica. Among the tested antibiotics, the highest resistance of Y. enterocolitica isolates was observed in ampicillin 94% (n = 66), followed by cephalothin 83% (n = 58), amoxycillin 41% (n = 29) and tetracycline 19% (n = 13).
    keywords: africa; agents; agricultural; amoxycillin; ampicillin; analysis; animal; antibiotics; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; appendix; bacteriology; bancerz; beef; biotype; blatem; categories; cephalothin; chain; characteristics; characterization; clinical; collected; conditions; contamination; control; council; country; current; data; detected; different; disease; distribution; division; enterocolitica; enterocolitica biotype; environmental; et al; factors; food; foodborne; frequency; gel; genes; health; high; human; hygiene; identification; important; infection; international; isolates; journal; kisiel; listeria; lower; matle; meat; meat products; meat samples; microbiology; molecular; n =; number; o:8; occurrence; onderstepoort; online; outlets; pathogen; pathogenicity; patterns; pcr; phenotypic; pork; positive; presence; pretoria; prevalence; production; products; public; raw; research; resistance; results; retail; rte; samples; south; species; statistical; strains; studies; study; susceptibility; system; table; tested; tetracycline; total; types; veterinary; virulence; yersinia enterocolitica; yersiniosis; ystb
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        item: #208 of 505
          id: ojvr-2007
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2007
        date: None
       words: 8892
      flesch: 38
     summary: Gender imbalance in vaccine access has been suggested; for example, access to livestock vaccines and animal health information is limited in North-Eastern Uganda (Yusuf 2013). The aim of this study was to explore the challenges to the use of livestock vaccines experienced by small-ruminant and poultry farmers, as well as the challenges in providing veterinary services faced by animal health professionals (specifically animal health or livestock extension officers) in Tanzania.
    keywords: access; adoption; animal; animal health; appendix; barriers; campaigns; campbell; ccpp; challenges; common; concern; cost; data; decision; department; disease; distance; epidemiology; factors; faculty; farmers; figure; findings; flock; gender; guildford; health; health professionals; herd; high; households; important; information; interviews; kingdom; knowledge; lack; livestock; local; medical; methods; number; officers; participants; poultry; poultry households; previous; production; professionals; public; reported; respondents; role; ruminant; ruminant households; sciences; services; sheep; small; source; study; survey; table; tanzania; telephone; time; traditional; treatment; united; university; uptake; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; ward(s; wards; women
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        item: #209 of 505
          id: ojvr-201
      author: Ahmed, B.M.; El Hussein, A.M.; El Khider, A.O.
       title: Some observations on ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) infesting sheep in River Nile Province of Northern Sudan
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 3274
      flesch: 62
     summary: The seasonal activity of H. a. anatolicum ticks is shown in Table 2 and Fig. The mean number of H. a. anatolicum ticks per ani- mal decreased during months when the maximum temperature exceeded 40 °C and also in months when the minimum temperature was below 15 °C (Table 2, Fig. 1).
    keywords: a.m.; acari; adults; anatolicum; animal; area; evertsi; group; hussein; hyalomma; ixodidae; jongejan; khartoum; march; mean; months; nile; northern; osman; present; province; rainy; rhipicephalus; river; sanguineus; season; sheep; simus; species; study; sudan; survey; ticks; veterinary; year
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        item: #210 of 505
          id: ojvr-2010
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2010
        date: None
       words: 7238
      flesch: 48
     summary: Direct smears Wet mounts were made of stomach content samples, if included in abortion cases, and examined by dark field microscopy for Campylobacter species, Leptospira species and other motile bacteria. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.j1124 Clothier, K. & Anderson, M., 2016, ‘Evaluation of bovine abortion cases and tissue suitability for identification of infectious agents in California diagnostic laboratory cases from 2007 to 2012’, Theriogenology 85(5), 933–938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.11.001 Clune, T., Beetson, S., Besier, S., Knowles, G., Paskin, R., Rawlin, G. et al., 2021, ‘Ovine abortion and stillbirth investigations in Australia’, Australian Veterinary Journal 99(3), 72–78.
    keywords: abortion; abortus; aerobic; africa; agents; anaerobic; anderson; animals; bacteria; bacteriology; borel; bovine; brucella; campylobacter; cases; cattle; cause; cba; combination; common; complete; content; conventional; culture; data; days; diagnostic; eds; et al; faculty; foetus; foetuses; fungal; fungi; gauteng; gram; herd; identification; impression; infection; inoculated; investigation; isolates; jejuni; jonker; journal; kirkbride; laboratory; leptospira; markey; media; medium; methods; michel; microaerophilic; modified; mycoplasma; neelsen; negative; north; number; oxoid; placenta; plates; positive; pretoria; rate; research; ruminants; salmonella; samples; science; selective; significant; smears; south; south africa; species; stain; stomach; study; submissions; table; thermoscientific; veterinary; ziehl
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        item: #211 of 505
          id: ojvr-2011
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2011
        date: None
       words: 4792
      flesch: 41
     summary: Abstract Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Agnes T. Laleye Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria Modupeore Adeyemi Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Celia Abolnik Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Citation Laleye, A.T., Adeyemi, M. & Abolnik, C., 2022, ‘Propagation of avian influenza virus in embryonated ostrich eggs’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 89(1), a2011. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2011 Original Research Propagation of avian influenza virus in embryonated ostrich eggs Agnes T. Laleye, Modupeore Adeyemi, Celia Abolnik Received: 07 Mar. 2022; Accepted: 28 June 2022; Published: 08 Dec. 2022 Copyright:
    keywords: abolnik; africa; air; allantoic; animal; authors; avian; avian influenza; brand; chicken; day; days; department; diseases; distance; eces; eggs; embryonic; emergence; eoes; et al; fluids; freight; h5n2; h7n1; high; hpai; iavs; incubation; influenza; influenza virus; isolation; laboratory; laleye; lpai; method; oie; old; origin; ostrich; ostrich eggs; ostriches; outbreaks; passage; pathogenic; pcr; poultry; pretoria; production; propagation; research; science; shell; south; studies; study; temperature; time; tissues; transport; university; van; veterinary; viability; viable; virus; viruses
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        item: #212 of 505
          id: ojvr-2021
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2021
        date: None
       words: 7861
      flesch: 44
     summary: A better understanding of NAS in South Africa and added knowledge on the effects of such cow factors on different NAS species can provide valuable information for proactive udder health management. However, the table indicated different NAS species per herd, and S. chromogenes was the most prominent in all herds (Appendix 1, Table S3).
    keywords: 16s; africa; agreement; analysis; api; appendix; aureus; bovine; buck; cell; chromogenes; clinical; coagulase; cows; dairy; data; days; different; different nas; dim; diversity; dna; epidermidis; et al; factors; farming; figure; genetic; group; haemolyticus; haesebrouck; health; herds; i.m.p; identification; intramammary; isolates; j.k; jenkins; journal; lactation; level; maldi; mastitis; method; microbiology; milk; nas; nas isolates; nas species; negative; non; number; parity; pcr; petzer; piessens; pretoria; prevalent; probability; production; proportions; pyörälä; random; rapd; research; results; risk; rrna; samples; scc; science; sequencing; similar; south; species; staphylococci; statistical; strains; studies; study; systems; table; taponen; test; tof; total; typing; udder; van; veterinary; visscher; vliegher
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        item: #213 of 505
          id: ojvr-204
      author: Horak, I.G.; Fourie, L.J.; Braack, L.E.O.
       title: Small mammals as hosts of immature ixodid ticks
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 4146
      flesch: 62
     summary: These ani- mals must have been the source of infestation reflected in the burdens of immature ticks of five of the 38 rodents examined in the reserve (Table 4). Scrub hares, Lepus saxatilis, and Cape hares, Lepus capensis, harboured the largest number of tick species.
    keywords: aethomys; africa; animals; braack; domestic; fourie; free; hares; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; ixodid; journal; l.j; larvae; leachi; lepus; limpopo; mammals; mpumalanga; namaquensis; onderstepoort; parasites; province; pumilio; research; rhabdomys; rhipicephalus; rock; saxatilis; small; south; species; stages; state; ticks; veterinary; walker; wild
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        item: #214 of 505
          id: ojvr-205
      author: Kondiah, K.; Albertyn, J.; Bragg, R.R.
       title: Beak and feather disease virus haemagglutinating activity using erythrocytes from African Grey parrots and Brown-headed parrots : research communication
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 1929
      flesch: 49
     summary: Use of goose red blood cells for detection of infection with psittacine beak and feather disease virus by haemaggluti- nation and haemagglutination inhibition. Laboratory diagnosis of psittacine beak and feather disease by haem- agglutination and haemagglutination inhibition.
    keywords: activity; african; beak; bfdv; birds; brown; detection; disease; erythrocytes; feather; feather disease; grey; haemagglutination; inhibition; journal; parrots; pbfd; pcr; psittacine; raidal; ritchie; sanada; south; species; test; veterinary; virus
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        item: #215 of 505
          id: ojvr-2067
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2067
        date: None
       words: 3850
      flesch: 39
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000632013 Carter, T.A. & Sneed, R.E., 1996, Drinking water quality for poultry, North Carolina cooperative extension service, viewed 02 August 2020, from https://www.bae.ncsu.edu/bae/extension/ext-publications/water/drinking/pst42-wqg-poultry-sneed.pdf. Di Martino, G.D., Piccirillo, A., Giacomelli, M., Comin, D., Gallina, A., Capello, K. et al., 2018, ‘Microbiological, chemical and physical quality of drinking water for commercial turkeys: A cross-sectional study’, Poultry Science 97(8), 2880–2886. Although water quality is a major factor in controlling animal health problems (Travel et al. 2006), the quality of drinking water used in the Mozambican poultry industry has never been evaluated.
    keywords: analysis; authors; borehole; cardozo; chemical; cleaning; coli; coliforms; contamination; department; drinking; drinking water; eduardo; equipment; et al; factors; faculty; farms; folorunso; gama; growth; hardness; health; hens; layer; levels; management; maputo; medicine; microbiological; mondlane; mozambique; nipple; paraclinic; physical; potential; poultry; quality; rearing; risk; samples; sampling; small; source; southern; study; table; tap; total; university; veterinary; water; water quality; water samples
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        item: #216 of 505
          id: ojvr-2069
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2069
        date: None
       words: 5337
      flesch: 41
     summary: al., 2014, ‘Molecular characterization of trypanosomes isolated from naturally infected cattle in the “Pays Lobi” of Côte d’ivoire’, Journal of Applied Biosciences 83, 7570–7578. https://doi.org/10.4314/jab.v83i1.10 Kouadio, I.K., Sokouri, D., Koffi, M., Konaté, I., Ahouty, B., Koffi, A. et al., 2014, ‘Molecular characterization and prevalence of trypanosoma species in cattle from a Northern Livestock Area in Côte d’Ivoire’, Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 4(12), 314–321. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2014.412038 Mackenzie, P.K., Boyt, W.P., Nesham, V.W. & Pirie, E., 1978, ‘The aetiology and significance of the phagocytosis of erythrocytes and leucocytes in sheep infected with Trypanosoma congolense (Broden, 1904)’, Research in Veterinary Science 24(1), 4–7. Simo, G., Magang, E.M.K., Mewamba, E.M., Farikou, O., Kamga, R.M.N., Tume, C. et al., 2020, ‘Molecular identification of diminazene aceturate resistant trypanosomes in tsetse flies from Yoko in the Centre region of Cameroon and its epidemiological implications’, Parasite Epidemiology and Control 9, e00135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00135 Sokouri, D., Loukou, N., Yapi-Gnaoré, C., Soro, B. & Simon-Pierre, N., 2014, ‘Analysis of livestock production practices in the northern region of Côte d’Ivoire’, International Journal of Current Research 6(10), 9108–9115. Sokouri, D.P., Yapi-gnaore, C.V., Simon, A., Guetta, P.N., Loukou, N.G.E., Kouao, B.J. et al., 2009, ‘Utilisation et gestion des races taurines locales sous la pression des croisements avec les zébus dans les régions Centre et Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire’, Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 5(2), 456–465. Solano, P., Duvallet, G., Dumas, V., Cuisance, D. & Cuny, G., 1997, ‘Microsatellite markers for genetic population studies in Glossina palpalis (Diptera: Glossinidae)’, Acta Tropica 65(3), 175–180.
    keywords: abstract; acapovi; africa; analysis; animal; articles; authors; bovine; bovine trypanosomiasis; breeds; brucei; cattle; congolense; control; criteria; côte; côte d’ivoire; dans; data; department; des; desquesnes; diagnostic; disease; distribution; d’ivoire; epidemiology; et al; figure; flies; glossina; heterogeneity; high; inclusion; infected; infections; information; journal; korhogo; livestock; mechanical; meta; method; number; palpalis; parasitology; prevalence; publication; region; reporting; research; review; revue; sample; sciences; sokouri; species; studies; study; systematic; table; tanzania; test; transmission; trypanosoma; trypanosomiasis; trypanosomiasis prevalence; tsetse; united; vectors; veterinary; vivax; yao; zone
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        item: #217 of 505
          id: ojvr-207
      author: Mahan, Sunita; Kelly, P.J.; Mahan, S.M.
       title: A preliminary study to evaluate the immune responses induced by immunization of dogs with inactivated Ehrlichia canis organisms
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 7017
      flesch: 49
     summary: The immune responses in dogs immunized with inacti- vated E. canis organisms in combination with Quil A were evaluated. Media was changed twice a week for 4 weeks when cover slips were harvested, air-dried, fixed in methanol, stained with modified Wright’s stain and examined under the microscope for the presence of E. canis organisms.
    keywords: 1995; a.f; antibody; antigen; assay; barbet; blood; blotting; burridge; canine; canis; cells; challenge; chronic; clinical; control; control dogs; cowdria; cultures; dh82; disease; dna; dogs; duke; e. canis; ehrlichia; ehrlichiosis; fig; heartwater; humoral; huxoll; immune; immune responses; immunization; immunized; immunized dogs; inactivated; induced; infected; infection; journal; kda �; kelly; live; live e.; lymphocyte; mahan; microbiology; nita; nondo; nyindo; organisms; p.j; pbmns; pbs; pcr; peter; positive; post; pre; primers; proliferation; proteins; quil; research; responses; ristic; ruminantium; s.m; serum; specific; study; titres; veterinary; weeks; western; zulu
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        item: #218 of 505
          id: ojvr-2070
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2070
        date: None
       words: 7998
      flesch: 37
     summary: FIGURE 1: Secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (a, b) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) (c, d) by immune peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from s6823 (a, c) and sM2 (b, d) stimulated with Erum2510 rproteins and crude Welgevonden-strain antigen (positive control) and unstimulated PBMC (negative control). FIGURE 3: Average percentage of immune peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from s6823 (a) and sM2 (b) that stained positive for B cell expression markers after stimulation with Erum2510 rproteins 3, 4 and 6.
    keywords: acid; africa; analysis; antibodies; antigen; assay; average; blood; blood mononuclear; cd4; cd8; cells; cellular; challenge; control; cowdria; cytokine; cytometry; data; department; dna; ehrlichia; elispot; epitope; erum2510; erum2510 rproteins; et al; expression; figure; flow; gamma; gene; heartwater; ifn; il-4; immune; immunology; increase; infection; interferon; journal; kleef; mononuclear; mononuclear cells; mrna; multi; negative; onderstepoort; pbmc; pcr; peptides; percentage; peripheral; peripheral blood; polymorphic; pool; positive; pretoria; pretorius; proliferation; protection; proteins; qrt; reaction; recombinant; research; response; results; rprotein; ruminantium; s6823; sheep; significant; sm2; south; steyn; stimulation; study; subfragments; synthetic; th1; th2; thema; tick; tnf; unstimulated; vaccine; van; veterinary; welgevonden
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        item: #219 of 505
          id: ojvr-2071
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2071
        date: None
       words: 5375
      flesch: 41
     summary: This research established preliminary estimates of C. burnetii seroprevalence. A study of C. burnetii seroprevalence in cattle in Gauteng province (formerly Transvaal province) estimated C. burnetii antibody prevalence at 8% (Gummow, Poerstamper & Herr 1987) and Adesiyun et al.
    keywords: abortions; africa; age; analysis; animals; antibodies; area; associated; average; burnetii; burnetii infection; cattle; clustering; communal; coxiella; coxiella burnetii; data; diseases; et al; exposure; factors; fever; goats; health; herds; higher; human; infected; infection; information; journal; level; likely; livestock; management; mixing; moderate; months; moretele; north; odds; population; positive; potential; practices; pretoria; province; q fever; random; reported; research; results; risk; sample; sampling; seropositivity; seroprevalence; sheep; size; south; south africa; studies; study; table; test; tested; ticks; university; urban; veterinary; villages; west; zoonotic
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        item: #220 of 505
          id: ojvr-2074
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2074
        date: None
       words: 5449
      flesch: 46
     summary: Office International des Epizooties (OIE), 2021, ‘Peste des petits ruminants (Infection with peste des petits ruminants virus)’, in Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 7th edn., Chapter 3.8.9, Office International des Epizooties (OIE), Paris, viewed December 2021, from https://www.oie.int/standard-setting/terrestrial-manual/access-online/. OIE World Animal Health Information System (OIE-WAHIS), 2020, Annual animal health reports, viewed June 2022, from https://wahis.woah.org/#/dashboards/country-or-disease-dashboard. Osman, N.A., Ali, A.S., A/Rahman, M.E. & Fadol, M.A., 2009, ‘Antibody seroprevalences against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats in Sudan’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 41(7), 1449–1453. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.897 Khalafalla, A.I., Saeed, I.K., Ali, Y.H., Abdurrahman, M.B., Kwiatek, O., Libeau, G. et al., 2010, ‘An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camels in the Sudan’, Acta Tropica 116(2), 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.002 Kulkarni, D.D., Bhikane, A.U., Shaila, M.S., Varalakshmi, P., Apte, M.P. & Narladkar, B.W., 1996, ‘Peste des petits ruminants in goats in India’, Veterinary Record 138(8), 187–188.
    keywords: animal; antibodies; areas; central; des; disease; districts; dueim; elisa; eltadamon; et al; figure; gezira; goat sera; goats; health; higher; highest; journal; khartoum; kordofan; localities; locality; lower; nile; nile state; north; oie; osman; outbreaks; overall; overall seroprevalence; para; peste; pprv; pprv antibodies; rabak; research; results; ruminants; ruminants virus; saeed; sera; seroprevalence; sheep; small; small ruminants; south; species; state; study; sudan; table; veterinary; virus; western; white; white nile
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        item: #221 of 505
          id: ojvr-2077
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2077
        date: None
       words: 5985
      flesch: 40
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2015-0039 Ghalmi, F., China, B., Ghalmi, A., Hammitouche, D. & Losson, B., 2012, ‘Study of the risk factors associated with Neospora caninum seroprevalence in Algerian cattle populations’, Research in Veterinary Science 93(2), 655–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.015 Gharekhani, J., Yakhchali, M. & Berahmat, R., 2020, ‘Neospora caninum infection in Iran (2004–2020): A review’, Journal of Parasitic Diseases 44, 671–686. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-01828-y Bartels, C.J.M., Arnaiz-Seco, J.I., Ruiz-Santa-Quitera, A., Björkman, C., Frössling, J., Von Blumröder, D. et al., 2006, ‘Supranational comparison of Neospora caninum seroprevalences in cattle in Germany, The Netherlands, Spain and Sweden’, Veterinary Parasitology 137(1–2), 17–27.
    keywords: abortions; africa; analysis; animal; annual; associated; association; authors; average; beef; bovine; caninum; caninum infection; caninum seropositivity; caninum seroprevalence; cattle; country; cows; dairy; data; department; distribution; dogs; dubey; epidemiology; establishments; et al; factors; faculty; farming; farms; feliformia; figure; health; herds; infection; journal; khomas; level; livestock; low; medicine; n. caninum; namibia; neospora; neospora caninum; neosporosis; number; parasitology; positive; possible; pretoria; production; rainfall; rate; region; research; results; review; risk; risk factors; sampled; schares; sciences; seropositivity; seroprevalence; significant; south; studies; study; university; veterinary
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        item: #222 of 505
          id: ojvr-208
      author: McGaw, L.J.; Gehring, R.; Katsoulis, L.; Eloff, J.N.
       title: Is the use of Gunnera perpensa extracts in endometritis related to antibacterial activ
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 3980
      flesch: 53
     summary: Neomycin (x 10–3) 1.56 6.25 25 0.78 a MIC is taken as last concentration of plant extract to completely inhibit bacterial growth (= MLC, minimum lethal concentration) A proposal on expressing the antibacterial activity of plant extracts—a small first step in applying scien- tific knowledge to rural primary health care in South Africa.
    keywords: acetone; acid; activity; africa; antibacterial; antibacterial activity; aqueous; assay; aureus; brine; coli; compounds; concentration; dichloromethane; eloff; endometritis; ethanol; ethnopharmacology; extracts; gram; gunnera; g–1; hexane; journal; larvae; level; material; mcgaw; medicinal; mg ml–1; mic; ml–1; nauplii; perpensa; perpensa extracts; plant; positive; presence; present; rhizomes; screening; serial; shrimp; south; southern; species; total; toxic; traditional; use; values; van; water; wyk
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        item: #223 of 505
          id: ojvr-2085
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2085
        date: None
       words: 6636
      flesch: 40
     summary: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conserved genotypic resistance (tetA and blaCTX-M) and virulence attributes (fimH, stx1, eaeA and ompA) of E. coli isolates were discussed in detail. The presence of tetA and blaCTX-M genes of tetracycline and penicillin β-lactamase inhibitors resistance was confirmed in all 10 of 10 (100%) of MDR tested E. coli isolates (Figure 1e and f) as data shown in Table 4. FIGURE 1: The electrophoretic gel pattern of MDR genes from E. coli isolates: (a): lane 1–10 positive for fimH at 508 bp, (b):
    keywords: ahmed; analysis; animal; antibiotic; antimicrobial; applied; article; authors; avian; bacteria; birds; cattle; chain; characterization; ciprofloxacin; cloacal; coli; coli isolates; coli strains; crow; dairy; data; department; diarrhoeic; different; e. coli; eaea; editing; egret; egypt; environmental; escherichia coli; et al; examined; factors; faecal; farms; figure; fimh; food; gene; gentamycin; health; high; hooded; ibrahim; identification; infection; institute; ismailia; isolates; isolation; journal; lane; level; mdr; medicine; microbiology; migratory; non; oksh; original; pathogenic; pcr; penicillin; phylogenetic; polymerase; positive; potential; present; prevalence; reaction; recovered; research; resistance; results; retrieved; role; samples; sequences; sequencing; shiga; sources; species; spp; strains; studies; study; stx1; table; tetracycline; toxin; tree; university; veterinary; virulence; wild; wild birds; wildlife
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        item: #224 of 505
          id: ojvr-2086
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2022-12-19
       words: 457
      flesch: 39
     summary: http://www.ojvr.org Open Access Page 1 of 1 Reviewer Acknowledgement Acknowledgement to reviewers In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on https:// ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research.
    keywords: access; acknowledgement; details; https://ojvr.org; https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/user; journal; onderstepoort; order; peer; publication; research; reviewer; user; veterinary
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        item: #225 of 505
          id: ojvr-209
      author: Spotswood, T.C.; Kirberger, R.M.; Kirb, L.M.P.K.; Reyers, F.; Van der Merwe, L.
       title: A canine model of normovolaemic acute anaemia
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 5982
      flesch: 57
     summary: Based on the assumption that circulating blood volume is about 90 ml/kg in the dog (Knot- tenbelt & Mackin 1998), the formula for the maxi- mum volume of blood that could be removed is: Blood volume to be removed (ml) = 20 % x mass (kg) x 90 Multiple phlebotomies were performed at least 4 h apart on a daily basis until an Ht of 14–17 % was obtained. About 20 % of the cir- culating blood volume was removed from the jugular vein 1–3 times per day over a 3–4 day period until a haematocrit (Ht) of 13–17 % was obtained.
    keywords: 2000; actual; acute; anaemia; anh; animal; babesiosis; bag; bleeding; blood; bourke; calculated; canine; cardiac; cell; chronic; clinical; collection; daily; data; day; days; dogs; doppler; effect; equation; experimental; fig; final; fluid; fowler; haemodilution; holmes; induced; infusion; iron; journal; lactate; level; lobetti; loss; malaria; mass; mean; medetomidine; min; model; normal; normovolaemic; number; parameters; percentage; period; phlebotomy; plasma; range; recovery; red; research; reyers; ringer; rsa; severe; smith; spotswood; studies; study; t.c; transfusion; trial; use; values; vein; veterinary; volume
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        item: #226 of 505
          id: ojvr-2096
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Table of Contents Vol 89, No 1 (2022)
        date: 2022-12-31
       words: 665
      flesch: -25
     summary: 100 104 110 Page i of i Table of Contents Review Article Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria amongst dogs in Africa: A meta-analysis review Ayaovi B. Yaovi, Philippe Sessou, Aretas B.N. Tonouhewa, Gildas Y.M. Hounmanou, Deborah Thomson, Roger Pelle, Souaïbou Farougou, Arindam Mitra Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a1970 | 10 October 2022 Original Research Comparing the minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention concentrations of selected antibiotics against animal isolates of Pasteurella multocida and Salmonella typhimurium Jeanette M. Wentzel, Louise J. Biggs, Moritz van Vuuren Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a1955 | 10 January 2022 Original Research Characterisation and antibiotic resistance of Yersinia enterocolitica from various meat categories, South Africa Emmanuel M. Seakamela, Letlhogonolo Diseko, Dikeledi Malatji, Lavhelesani Makhado, Mmatau Motau, Kudakwashe Jambwa, Kudakwashe Magwedere, Nombasa Ntushelo, Itumeleng Matle Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2006 | 07 November 2022 Original Research Physical, chemical and microbiological assessments of drinking water of small-layer farms Eufrásia Augusto, Jescka Aleixo, Florentina D. Chilala, Abel G. Chilundo, Benígna Gaspar, Custódio G. Bila Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2067 | 28 November 2022 Original Research Food animals as reservoirs and potential sources of multidrug-resistant diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes: Focus on intensive pig farming in South Africa Shima E. Abdalla, Akebe L.K. Abia, Daniel G. Amoako, Keith Perrett, Linda A. Bester, Sabiha Y. Essack Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a1963 | 20 January 2022 Original Research Human and animal fasciolosis: Coprological survey in Narok, Baringo and Kisumu counties, Kenya Cornelius K. Kipyegen, Charles I. Muleke, Elick O. Otachi Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a1954 | 31 January 2022 1 13 20 31 37 50 Vol 89, No 1 (2022) No 1 | a1978 | 14 June 2022 Original Research Species identification and cow risks of non-aureus staphylococci from South African dairy herds Inge-Marie Petzer, Christiaan Labuschagne, Lufuno Phophi, Joanne Karzis Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2021 | 27 July 2022 Original Research Barriers to vaccine use in small ruminants and poultry in Tanzania Sitira Williams, Isabella Endacott, Abel B. Ekiri, Mirende Kichuki, Mariana Dineva, Erika Galipo, Vadim Alexeenko, Ruth Alafiatayo, Erik Mijten, Gabriel Varga, Alasdair J.C. Cook Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2007 | 04 August 2022 Original Research Seroprevalence of infectious bronchitis virus and avian reovirus in free backyard chickens Sonia C. Pinto, Jescka Aleixo, Kleidy Camela, Abel G. Chilundo, Custódio G. Bila Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2042 | 11 November 2022 Original Research Propagation of avian influenza virus in embryonated ostrich eggs Agnes T. Laleye, Modupeore Adeyemi, Celia Abolnik Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2011 | 08 December 2022 Reviewer Acknowledgement Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 89, No 1 | a2086 | 19 December 2022 56 65 71 79 89
    keywords: abel; abel g.; africa; avian; bila onderstepoort; contents; custódio g.; g. bila; g. chilundo; january; jescka aleixo; luc; november; onderstepoort journal; original research; south; veterinary research; virus; vol; | a1978; | a2007; | a2021
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        item: #227 of 505
          id: ojvr-2097
      author: None
       title: ojvr-2097
        date: None
       words: 3721
      flesch: 45
     summary: Abstract Introduction Research methods and design Results and discussion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Tülin G. Gökmen Department of Microbiology, Ceyhan Veterinary Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Hatice Yazgan Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Ceyhan Veterinary Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Yıldız Özdemir Microbiology Laboratory, Adana City Hospital, Adana, Turkey Sedat Sevin Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Nevin Turut Microbiology Laboratory, Veterinary Control Institute, Adana, Turkey Şifa Karahan Microbiology Laboratory, Veterinary Control Institute, Adana, Turkey Funda Eşki Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Veterinary Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey İbrahim Kıvrak Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies/Cosmetic Technology Program, Muğla Vocational School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey Osman Sezer Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary Control Institute, Adana, Turkey Armağan E. Ütük Department of Parasitology, Ceyhan Veterinary Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Citation Gökmen, T.G., Yazgan, H., Özdemir, Y., Sevin, S., Turut, N., Karahan, Ş. et al., 2023, ‘Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of bee venom against multi-drug resistant pathogens’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 90(1), a2097. One of the most important areas where new antimicrobials are needed is in the prevention and control of multi-drug resistant pathogens.
    keywords: activity; adana; antibacterial; assay; aureus; authors; baumannii; bee; bee venom; carbapenem; cfu; chemical; coli; concentrations; control; department; determined; drug; drug resistant; effect; et al; gram; health; important; infections; inhibition; institute; journal; laboratory; mbc; mdr; melittin; method; mic; mrsa; multi; natural; negative; pathogens; pneumoniae; positive; research; resistant; resistant pathogens; study; time; turkey; university; values; venom; veterinary; vre
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        item: #228 of 505
          id: ojvr-210
      author: Kalema-Zikusoka, G.; Bengis, R.G.; Michel, A.L.; Woodford, M.H.
       title: A preliminary investigation of tuberculosis and other diseases in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 4425
      flesch: 57
     summary: The current survey demonstrated that the BTB prevalence in QENP buffaloes has not changed significantly over 30 years, and that spillover infec- tion from buffaloes into warthogs is still occurring. KalemaZ_145-151.qxd INTRODUCTION Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) caused by Mycobacteri- um bovis in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) in the Queen Elizabeth National Park (QENP) was first detected in the early 1960s (Thurlbeck, Butas, Man- kiewicz & Laws 1965).
    keywords: 1982a; 2002; african; animals; antibodies; assay; bengis; bovine; bovis; brucellosis; btb; buffaloes; caffer; cattle; disease; elizabeth; enzyme; exposure; fever; fmd; foot; free; gamma; huchzermeyer; interface; journal; keet; kriek; kruger; livestock; michel; national; onderstepoort; park; positive; prevalence; probang; qenp; queen; r.g; research; results; rinderpest; samples; sector; south; study; survey; syncerus; test; tuberculosis; types; uganda; veterinary; virus; wildlife; woodford
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        item: #229 of 505
          id: ojvr-213
      author: Tuppurainen, E.S.M.; Venter, E.H.; Coetzer, J.A.W.
       title: The detection of lumpy skin disease virus in samples of experimentally infected cattle using different diagnostic techniques
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 7930
      flesch: 65
     summary: The detection of lumpy skin disease virus in samples of experimentally infected cattle using different diagnostic techniques E.S.M. TUPPURAINEN, E.H. VENTER* and J.A.W. COETZER Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa ABSTRACT TUPPURAINEN, E.S.M., VENTER, E.H. & COETZER, J.A.W. 2005. Transmission electron microscopy The results of the TEM examinations are given in Table 2. Group 1: Lumpy skin disease virus was detected in the first skin biopsy collected on Day 10 p.i.
    keywords: acid; africa; animals; appearance; biopsies; biopsy; blood; bovine; bull; carn; cattle; cell; clinical; cultures; days; days p.i; detection; diagnosis; disease; disease virus; dna; electron; experimental; fever; group; infected; infection; isolation; journal; kitching; lesions; lsd; lsd virus; lumpy; lumpy skin; medium; method; microscopy; min; nd nd; neg; negative; nucleic; onset; p.i; pcr; period; positive; reaction; research; results; samples; signs; skin; skin biopsies; skin disease; skin lesions; study; table; tem; temperature; test; transmission; veterinary; viral; virus; virus isolation
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        item: #230 of 505
          id: ojvr-215
      author: Bezuidenhout, A.J.
       title: A lectin histochemical study of the thoracic respiratory air sacs of the fowl
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 3064
      flesch: 55
     summary: Keywords: Fowl, lectin binding, thoracic air sacs Accepted for publication 15 April 2005—Editor each lectin has toward a particular carbohydrate structure, even oligosaccharides with identical sugar compositions can be distinguished. No data could be found in the existing literature on the lectin-binding glycoproteins or glycolipids of the epithelium lining the respiratory surface of air sacs in chickens.
    keywords: acetylgalactosamine; acid; air; air sacs; apical; apical membrane; binding; cells; cilia; con; cytoplasm; distal; epithelium; fig; fowl; fucose; galactose; glycoconjugates; glycoproteins; gsl; lca; lectin; mannose; membrane; methyl; mpl; nucleus; positive; presence; residues; respiratory; sacs; sba; schulte; sections; sja; spicer; surface; thoracic
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        item: #231 of 505
          id: ojvr-216
      author: Flaoyen, A.; Polder, A.; Mwase, M.; Almli, B.; Musonda, M.M.
       title: Pesticide residues in adipose tissue from hippopotami (Hippopotamus amphibius L) living in and adjacent to the Luangwa River Zambia : research communication
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 1396
      flesch: 57
     summary: HCB, sum HCHs, sum CHLs, sum DDTs, sum PCBs have previously been found in concentrations of 1.34, 0.24, 0.31, 1.33 and 7.90 µg/kg in fat of lambs grazing uncultivated pas- tures in Greenland (AMAP 2004). Corresponding levels of HCB, sum DDTs and sum PCBs in roe deer from northern Italy have been found to be 1.1, 7.3 and 10.9 µg/kg fat, respectively (Naso, Zacca- roni, Perrone, Ferrante, Severino, Stracciari & Luci- sano 2004).
    keywords: concentrations; ddts; fat; hcb; hippopotami; levels; luangwa; mfuwe; national; ocs; organochlorines; pcbs; pesticides; research; samples; sum; tissue; veterinary; zambia
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        item: #232 of 505
          id: ojvr-217
      author: Durand, D.T.; Boshoff, H.M.; Michael, L.M.; Krecek, R.C.
       title: Survey of nematophagous fungi in South Africa : research communication
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 1632
      flesch: 50
     summary: 2 SEM of a chlamydospore from a South African isolate of Duddingtonia flagrans DISCUSSION Twenty percent of the samples cultured were posi- tive for nematophagous fungi and D. flagrans has for the first time been isolated in Africa. The aim of this study was to find a South African strain of D. flagrans adapted to local environmental 185 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 72:185–187 (2005) RESEARCH COMMUNICATION Survey of nematophagous fungi in South Africa D.T.
    keywords: africa; arthrobotrys; chlamydospores; contaminated; contortus; control; cultures; duddingtonia; faculty; faedo; flagrans; fungi; infective; isolated; larsen; larvae; nematode; nematophagous; nematophagous fungi; onderstepoort; parasitology; pretoria; samples; south; south africa; university; veterinary
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        item: #233 of 505
          id: ojvr-218
      author: Bragg, R.R.
       title: Effects of differences in virulence of different serovars of Haemophilus paragallinarum on perceived vaccine efficacy
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 4471
      flesch: 58
     summary: A comparison of the clinical disease profile obtained when vaccinated chickens were challenged with serovar C-3 and the unvaccinated profile of chickens challenged with serovar A-1 can be seen in Fig. 3 R.R. BRAGG � � � � �� � �� �� � � � � � � � � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � � �� �� ��� �� �� �� ��� ����������� � � � � � � � � �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��� �� � � � � �� � �� �� � � � � � � � � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � �� ��� ����������� � � � � � � � � �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��� �� � �� �� ��� �� �� ������ ���� �������� ����! �����#���� �� ��� ���$�� % �� ��� #� &�������� # ��'���� #������ ��(%���� ����������� ���� ������ ���� �������� ����! �����#���� �� ��� ���$�� % �� ��� #� &�������� # ��'���� #������ ��)%���� ����������� ���� The levels of protection provided by the experimen- tal vaccine ranged from 67.5 % in the vaccinated chickens challenged with serovar B-1 to 85 % in the birds challenged with serovar A-1 (Table 1).
    keywords: a-1; africa; b-1; birds; bragg; c-3; challenge; chickens; clinical; different; disease; haemophilus; independent; isolates; journal; mean; nad; occurring; onderstepoort; paragallinarum; protection; r.r; research; score; serovar; signs; south; vaccinated; vaccine; veterinary; virulence
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        item: #234 of 505
          id: ojvr-22
      author: Arnot, L.F.; du Toit, J.T.; Bastos, A.D.S.
       title: Molecular monitoring of African swine fever virus using surveys targeted at adult Ornithodoros ticks : a re-evaluation of Mkuze Game Reserve, South Africa
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 4352
      flesch: 53
     summary: Pathogenesis of African swine fever virus in Ornithodoros ticks. Molecular monitoring of African swine fever virus using surveys targeted at adult Ornithodoros ticks: a re­evaluation of Mkuze Game reserve, South Africa.
    keywords: 1983; 2007; a.d.s; adult; african; african swine; analysis; area; arnot; asfv; bastos; burrows; control; domestic; fever; fever virus; fig; g.r; game; gene; genotype; higher; host; increase; infection; infestation; internal; j.t; journal; knp; l.f; males; mgr; mkuze; molecular; monitoring; numbers; nymphs; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; p72; park; pcr; penrith; pig; pigs; plowright; populations; porcinus; presence; pretoria; prevalence; rate; research; reserve; results; re­evaluation; screening; south; south africa; southern; study; survey; swine; swine fever; sylvatic; tampan; thomson; ticks; university; vertebrate; veterinary; virus; viruses; warthog
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        item: #235 of 505
          id: ojvr-221
      author: Naude, T.W.; Botha, C.J.; Vorster, J.H.; Roux, C.; Van der Linde, E.J.; Van der Walt, S.I.; Rottinghaus, G.E.; Van Jaarsveld, L.; Lawrence, A.N.
       title: Claviceps cyperi, a new cause of severe ergotism in dairy cattle consuming maize silage and teff hay contaminated with ergotised Cyperus esculentus (nut sedge) on the Highveld of South Africa
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 9222
      flesch: 56
     summary: A statistically significant decrease in the level of this hormone occurred only in the group on maize silage (which constituted 28 % on dry matter base of the TMR). Maize silage is regarded as a safe feed and is extensively produced and utilized in both dairy and feedlot farming.
    keywords: + �; affected; africa; alkaloids; analyses; animals; annual; area; cattle; cause; chemical; claviceps; claviceps cyperi; clinical; components; concentration; contaminated; cows; curvula; cyperi; cyperus; dairy; day; determination; diagnosis; distribution; drop; eragrostis; ergocryptine; ergopeptine; ergot; ergotised; ergotism; esculentus; examination; exposure; extracts; farm; fed; feed; fields; fig; fungus; garthwaite; grass; grasses; group; hay; highveld; holstein; hplc; infected; infection; institute; journal; lands; levels; maize; maize silage; mass; milk; naudé; negative; new; normal; nut; nut sedge; onderstepoort; outbreak; particular; phase; plant; positive; ppb; present; pretoria; production; prolactin; ration; research; results; rottinghaus; sclerotia; second; sedge; seed; serum; severe; signs; silage; small; south; south africa; specimens; summer; syndrome; t.w; table; technique; teff; tmr; total; toxic; typical; university; van; veterinary; yellow
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        item: #236 of 505
          id: ojvr-222
      author: Meintjes, R.A.; Botha, C.J.; Prozesky, L.
       title: Toxicity, pathophysiology and pathology in sheep following dosing of the nephrotoxic plant Nolletia gariepina (DC) Mattf.
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 7031
      flesch: 61
     summary: 3 and 4 Severe nephrosis in a sheep dosed with Nolletia gariepina plant material 3 4 ly affected. The fractional excretion of sodium is given in Table 4. Urinary potassium excretion The fractional excretion of potassium increased, even after receiving relatively low doses (1.5 g/kg) of Nolletia plant material.
    keywords: animals; b e; control; creatinine; d o; damage; day; dosing; dosing dosing; e d; e m; e n; e p; e ra; e st; e u; e ve; epithelial; euth; g e; gariepina; ggt; h e; m o; material; mattf; n d; n g; n s; n u; necrosis; nephrotoxic; nolletia; o n; o p; p n; pathology; pathophysiology; pct; plant; post; protein; proximal; prozesky; renal; s e; s s; sheep; si s; sodium; table; toxicity; tubular; tubules; u m; urine; values
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        item: #237 of 505
          id: ojvr-226
      author: Sabeta, C.T.; Randles, J.L.
       title: Importation of canid rabies in a horse relocated from Zimbabwe to South Africa : research communication
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 2904
      flesch: 52
     summary: In the southern African countries of Zimbabwe and South Africa, rabies virus exists as two epidemiologically separate lineages (referred to as canid and mongoose rabies biotypes), which has been confirmed by antigenic and genetic stud- ies (Foggin 1988; King, Meredith & Thomson 1993, 1994; Von Teichman, Thomson, Meredith & Nel 1995; Nel, Jacobs, Jaftha & Meredith 1997). Keywords: Canid rabies biotype, epidemiology, lyssavirus, rabies virus, South Africa, Zimbabwe 1 Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Rabies Unit, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa E-mail: SabetaC@arc.agric.za 2 Rabies Diagnostics Unit, Allerton Provincial Laboratory, Private Bag X2, Cascades, Pietermaritzburg, 3202 South Africa Accepted for publication 20 July 2004—Editor 96 Canid rabies in horse relocated from Zimbabwe to South Africa �������� � ����� ��� � ����� � � ��������� �� ������� ���� ���� ������ ����������� ��� FIG.
    keywords: adustus; africa; analysis; bingham; canid; canine; clinical; cluster; colt; dog; domestic; epidemiology; fig; foggin; harare; horse; isolates; jackal; journal; laboratory; meredith; mesomelas; molecular; nel; nucleotide; onderstepoort; pcr; phylogenetic; pietermaritzburg; rabies; rabies virus; region; research; sabeta; sequence; smith; south; south africa; teichman; thomson; veterinary; viral; virus; viruses; von; zimbabwe
       cache: ojvr-226.pdf
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        item: #238 of 505
          id: ojvr-227
      author: Emikpe, B.O.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Ohore, O.G.; Oladele, O.A.; Oladokun, A.T.
       title: Serological evidence of chicken anaemia virus infection in Nigerian indigenous chickens : research communication
        date: 2005-09-17
       words: 1632
      flesch: 57
     summary: Sero- logical evidence of chicken anaemia virus infection in Nigerian indigenous chickens. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 72:101–103 Serum samples from 20 out of 180 (11.1 %) apparently healthy Nigerian indigenous chickens were negative for antibodies against chicken anaemia virus using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
    keywords: 1997; agent; anaemia; antibodies; avian; bulow; cav; chickens; commercial; connor; disease; emikpe; gallus; ibadan; indigenous; infection; journal; mcneilly; mcnulty; nigerian; ohore; oluwayelu; poultry; prevalence; research; titres; university; veterinary; virus
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        item: #239 of 505
          id: ojvr-229
      author: Maichomo, M.W.; Kagira, J.M.; Walker, T.
       title: The point prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in calves, sheep and goats in Magadi division, south-western Keny
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3374
      flesch: 64
     summary: 4 Percentage of animals infected by a given number of parasites 260 Gastro-intestinal parasites in calves, sheep and goats in Kenya Intensity of nematodes (Fig. 3) Most animals were lightly infected with ranges between 25 and 499 epg. Since the study area has a high prevalence of trypanosomo- sis (Roderick, 1995), it is possible that animals suf- TABLE 1 Mean epg of total nematodes in calves, sheep and goats from different herds in Magadi division Mean epg Herds Calves Sheep Goats Kinoya – 25 86 Lempaine – 451 205 Lendulo 49 – – Mpesi 23 – – Munii 250 – 1 118 Nkedienye 208 – 114 Sadera – – 780 Sarara – 502 537 Timoi 55 – – 261 M.W. MAICHOMO, J.M. KAGIRA & T. WALKER fering from both helminthoses and trypanosomosis will be more seriously affected.
    keywords: animals; area; arid; calves; cattle; division; eggs; epg; fig; gastro; gastrointestinal; git; goats; haemonchus; herds; higher; infections; intestinal; j.m; kenya; livestock; losses; maasai; magadi; mean; munii; nairobi; nematodes; oocysts; overall; parasites; prevalence; production; productivity; research; ruminants; sheep; small; species; strongyloides; study; university; veterinary
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        item: #240 of 505
          id: ojvr-23
      author: Soyelu, O.T.; Masika, P.J.
       title: Traditional remedies used for the treatment of cattle wounds and myiasis in Amatola Basin, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 3369
      flesch: 59
     summary: Treatment of cattle wounds and myiasis is therefore 393 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 76:393–397 (2009) Traditional remedies used for the treatment of cattle wounds and myiasis in Amatola Basin, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa O.T. SOYELU1 and P.J. MASIKA2* ABSTRACT SOYELU, O.T. & MASIKA, P.J. 2009.
    keywords: 2007; africa; amatola; animal; area; basin; cape; cattle; cattle wounds; decoction; der; eastern; effective; ethnoveterinary; farmers; health; herbal; infusion; iqbal; journal; knowledge; leaves; livestock; luseba; maggots; masika; medicinal; medicines; merwe; myiasis; p.j; petrol; plants; practices; province; remedies; research; respondents; results; rural; south; south africa; study; survey; traditional; traditional remedies; treatment; university; use; van; veterinary; villages; wash; world; wounds
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        item: #241 of 505
          id: ojvr-230
      author: Putterill, J.F.; Soley, J.T.
       title: General morphology of the oral cavity of the Nile crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus (Laurenti, 1768). II. The tongue
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 8151
      flesch: 59
     summary: Keywords: Crocodylus niloticus, histology, morphology, Nile crocodile, oral cavity, scanning elec- tron microscopy, tongue * The remaining three heads with tongues in situ were further immersion- fixed for a minimum period of 48 h. Care was taken to avoid trapping air in the oral cavity by wedging a small block of wood in the angle of the mouth prior to immersion in the fixative.
    keywords: 1982; adipose; alligator; arrowheads; associated; bar; base; buds; cavity; cells; connective; connective tissue; core; crocodile; crocodylus; dense; disc; duct; electron; epithelial; features; fibres; fig; formalin; gans; glands; glandular; glandular tissue; grigg; h&e; irregular; j.f; j.t; large; lateral; laurenti; layer; light; lingual; lymphoid; membrane; microscopy; mississippiensis; muscle; nile; niloticus; number; opening; oral; physiology; pigmented; pore; porosus; present; putterill; reese; region; rostral; salivary; salt; secretory; sections; similar; situated; small; soley; species; specimens; squamous; stain; stratum; structures; study; surface; taguchi; taplin; taste; thirds; tissue; tongue; tongue surface; tubular; typical; units; ventral; wide; µm fig
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        item: #242 of 505
          id: ojvr-232
      author: None
       title: ojvr-232
        date: None
       words: 4223
      flesch: 46
     summary: doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.032, PMid:18539410 Warren, R.M., Gey van Pittius, N.C., Barnard, M., Hesseling, A., Engelke, E., De Kock, M. et al., 2006, ‘Differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by PCR amplification of genomic regions of difference’, International Journal of Tuberculosis Lung Disease 10, 818−822. The use of molecular typing methods in the present study proved to be useful in confirming the origins of M. bovis strains translocated to, for example, St Lucia Wetland game parks in KwaZulu-Natal and a private game reserve in Mpumalanga.
    keywords: africa; analysis; bovis; btb; buffaloes; complex; disease; dna; et al; figure; game; genetic; genomic; genotyping; hip; hluhluwe; identification; imfolozi; is6110; isolates; kruger; m. bovis; methods; michel; michel et; microbiology; molecular; mtub; mycobacterium; national; number; park; pattern; pcr; pgrs; polymorphic; present; profile; repeats; reserve; results; rflp; samples; south; spoligotype; spoligotyping; strain; study; tandem; tuberculosis; typing; variable; veterinary; vntr; wildlife
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        item: #243 of 505
          id: ojvr-243
      author: None
       title: ojvr-243
        date: None
       words: 2687
      flesch: 53
     summary: This is primarily because they are the preferred hosts of the immature stages of tick species that affect commercially important livestock (Fourie et al. 2005). Small numbers of several tick species have been collected from Southern African hedgehogs (Theiler 1962; Walker, Keirans & Horak 2000), but, with the exception of a small number of species, all of these should be considered accidental infestations and simply a reflection of the abundance of the free-living stages of ticks in a particular region.
    keywords: african; animals; cape; eastern; elephant; elephant shrews; fourie; hedgehogs; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; journal; natal; north; northern; numbers; nymphs; onderstepoort; province; region; research; shrews; small; south; southern; species; stages; ticks; toed; veterinary
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        item: #244 of 505
          id: ojvr-244
      author: None
       title: ojvr-244
        date: None
       words: 2567
      flesch: 44
     summary: This study investigated whether burn injury affects the ultrastructure of fibrin networks. Using a Wistar albino rat model, we investigated in this study whether burn injury affects the ultrastructure of the fibrin networks.
    keywords: animals; areas; associated; blood; burn; burn injury; care; changes; clot; coagulation; electron; et al; events; fibres; fibrin; fibrin networks; fibrinolysis; figure; inflammatory; injury; journal; kowal; mice; microscopy; minor; model; networks; oberholzer; plasma; pretorius; rats; study; thermal; thick; thin; thrombin; thrombotic; trauma; ultrastructure; vern; wound
       cache: ojvr-244.htm
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        item: #245 of 505
          id: ojvr-249
      author: Horak, I.G.; Evans, Ursula; Purnell, R.E.
       title: Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLV. Helminths of dairy calves on dry-land Kikuyu grass pastures in the Eastern Cape Province
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 11927
      flesch: 65
     summary: XLV ! � ) � � � � � �� � � � �� �� , # � � ������ �������� ���� �� ����� ���� ��$�������� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� �� �������� ��� � FIG. Tracer calves The total number of helminths of each species col- lected from the 29 pairs of tracer calves and their prevalence in these animals are summarized in Table 2.
    keywords: adult; africa; animals; august; axei; burdens; calves; cape; cattle; coastal; cooperia; counts; day; days; december; development; domestic; dry; dye; eastern; egg; eggs; faecal; farm; fig; fourth; free; glen; grass; heifers; helminths; helvetianus; herbage; horak; i.g; infection; january; journal; july; june; kikuyu; larvae; mean; months; nematode; october; oesophagostomum; onderstepoort; ostertagi; parasites; pastures; placei; present; province; purnell �; reinecke; research; seasonal; september; sheep; similar; south; species; spp; stage; summer; survey; total; tracer; tracer calves; trichostrongylus; veterinary; western; wild; winter; worms; xlv �; year
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        item: #246 of 505
          id: ojvr-250
      author: Cherenet, T.; Sani, R.A.; Panandam, J.M.; Nadzr, S.; Speybroeck, N.; Van den Bossche, P.
       title: Seasonal prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in a tsetse-infested zone and a tsetse-free zone of the Amhara Region, north-west Ethiopia
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3341
      flesch: 60
     summary: The IAA of biting flies (including tsetse flies) showed a clear seasonal trend with high IAA during the long rainy season (Fig. 4). 4 Monthly average index of apparent abundance of bit- ing flies in the tsetse-free ( ) study area and tsetse- infested ( ) study area (A) and monthly proportion of tsetse flies ( ) and other biting flies ( ) in captures in the tsetse-infested study areas (B) Longitudinal studies conducted in the tsetse-infested Ghibe Valley (south-west Ethiopia) have shown that the incidence of trypanosome infections in cattle is highest during the dry season months of October to February, coinciding with the period of higher den- sity of tsetse (Leak, Mulatu, Authie, D’ Ieteren, Pere- grine, Rowlands & Trail 1993).
    keywords: abebe; amhara; animals; area; average; blood; body; bovine; cattle; condition; congolense; ethiopia; fig; flies; free; free area; high; iaa; infections; jobre; livestock; monthly; north; parasitological; pcv; population; prevalence; proportion; rainy; region; research; sampling; season; species; study; study area; transmission; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; tsetseinfested; veterinary; vivax; west; zone
       cache: ojvr-250.pdf
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        item: #247 of 505
          id: ojvr-251
      author: Petney, T.N.; Horak, I.G.; Howell, D.J.; Meyer, S.
       title: Striped mice, Rhabdomys pumilio, and other murid rodents as hosts for immature ixodid ticks in the Eastern Cape Province
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3660
      flesch: 61
     summary: Despite their small size, the potential of rodents for rapid population growth and for main- taining high population levels can contribute signif- icantly to the dynamics of tick species that use them as hosts (Norval 1979; Horak, Spickett & Braack 2000). Seven ixo- did tick species were collected from striped mice, house rats, Rattus rattus, vlei rats, Otomys spp. and Praomys sp. captured in the vicinity of human dwellings or animal holding facilities in the Grahamstown district.
    keywords: adult; africa; baines; cape; dogs; domestic; eastern; follis; grahamstown; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; ixodes; ixodid; journal; larvae; leachi; march; mice; nature; nymphs; onderstepoort; province; research; reserve; rhipicephalus; rodents; simus; south; species; stages; striped; thomas; ticks; total; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-251.pdf
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        item: #248 of 505
          id: ojvr-252
      author: Salih, D.A.; Hassan, S.M.; El Hussein, A.M.; Jongejan, F.
       title: Preliminary survey of ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) on cattle in northern Sudan
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 6609
      flesch: 67
     summary: The overall infestation rate of tick species in the present study was much lower than was expected if it is compared with the findings of Jongejan et al. (1987). This cross-sectional survey was designed to pro- vide additional data on the current distribution of major tick species associated with cattle in northern Sudan.
    keywords: acari; anatolicum; animal; area; atbara; b cd; body; cattle; cd e; central; comparison; damer; dieum; difference; diseases; distribution; ecological; evertsi; fao; hassan; highest; hoogstraal; hyalomma; ixodidae; journal; khartoum; kosti; lepidum; locations; lowest; mean; nile; northern; numbers; obied; osman; preliminary; province; rhipicephalus; s.m; significant; species; sudan; survey; table; ticks; total; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-252.pdf
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        item: #249 of 505
          id: ojvr-253
      author: Phalatsi, M.S.; Fourie, L.J.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Larval biology of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (Acarina : Ixodidae) in Free State Province, South Africa : research communication
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3180
      flesch: 54
     summary: It should also be remembered that maximum survival periods have been recorded with no attention being paid to the rate of mortality, or the ability of the ageing lar- vae to attach and feed.” However, in a recent study in the eastern region of Free State Province, an area not previously surveyed, R. (B.) decolora- tus was most numerous on cattle from late summer to mid-winter, a period during which average daily temperatures decreased from 18–8 °C, with the largest numbers present in the coldest month, namely June (Dreyer, Fourie & Kok 1998).
    keywords: acarina; africa; april; august; biology; boophilus; cattle; days; decoloratus; eastern; eggs; female; field; fourie; free; ixodidae; january; journal; june; larvae; march; november; numbers; oviposition; period; present; province; rhipicephalus; rods; south; state; study; survival; temperature; ticks; vegetation; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-253.pdf
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        item: #250 of 505
          id: ojvr-254
      author: Regassa, Assefa; Penzhorn, B.L.; Bryson, N.R.
       title: Progression towards endemic stability to bovine babesiosis in cattle introduced onto a game ranch : research communication
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 2717
      flesch: 59
     summary: It seems likely, therefore, that a substantial number of larvae of this tick species attaching to cattle during the study period were the offspring of adults that had fed on antelope, and were therefore not infect- ed with B. bigemina. Calves born during October 1999 were initially vaccinated against B. bigemina and Babesia bovis at the age of 4 months and were then bled at 10, 17 and 20 months of age.
    keywords: africa; age; antibodies; babesia; babesiosis; bigemina; bovine; bovis; breeding; bryson; calf; calves; cattle; cows; endemic; infection; journal; mahoney; months; nooitgedacht; october; old; onderstepoort; penzhorn; prevalence; ranch; research; south; stability; study; tick; vaccinated; veterinary; vos
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        item: #251 of 505
          id: ojvr-255
      author: Meintjes, R.A.; Engelbrecht, H.
       title: Changes in the renal handling of urea in sheep on a low protein diet exposed to saline drinking water
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3926
      flesch: 60
     summary: a significant reduc- tion in plasma urea concentration compared to the control phase, while urinary excretion of urea was similar during these two phases. Urea concentration using a method described by Fawcett & Scott (1960) for plasma and urine 2.
    keywords: adh; animals; concentration; control; day; diet; drinking; effect; electrolyte; excreted; excretion; feurea; fractional; free; gfr; half; handling; increase; inner; intake; isotonic; journal; kidney; loading; loss; low; nacl; phase; physiology; plasma; protein; reabsorption; renal; saline; salt; sheep; significant; sodium; trial; urea; urine; values; water
       cache: ojvr-255.pdf
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        item: #252 of 505
          id: ojvr-26
      author: Gouws, T.A.; Williams, M.C.
       title: The pathology of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a herd of semi-free-ranging springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis)
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 16831
      flesch: 50
     summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from three animals out of a total of 33 sampled, with two animals showing tuberculosis lesions. A main study conducted on healthy animals 19 months after the pilot study failed to find any animal with tuberculosis lesions in the group of 25 sampled, and all were negative for mycobacteria via mycobacterial culture.
    keywords: + +; + n; 2002; abomasum; acid; adult; africa; animals; antidorcas; appearance; areas; bacilli; bengis; body; bronchial; bronchial lymph; c20; calcification; capsule; caseous; cells; central; colon; cortex; culture; cytoplasm; diameter; eosinophils; epithelioid; epithelioid cells; epithelium; false; fast; fast bacilli; fibrous; following; foreign; free; giant cells; gous; granulomas; granulomatous; humans; ileocaecal; iliac; infected; infection; infiltration; inflammation; journal; keet; kidney; kriek; langhans; large; large numbers; larvae; layer; left; lesions; liver; low; lungs; lymph; lymph nodes; lymphocytes; m.c; macrophages; macroscopic; macroscopic lesions; mandibular; marked; marsupialis; mediastinal; medium; mesenteric; mesenteric lymph; michel; mild; moderate; moderate numbers; multifocal; multinucleated; multiple; mycobacterium; mycobacterium tuberculosis; n d; n e; n s; necrogranulomas; necrosis; necrotic; nematode; neutrophils; nodes; nodules; non; ns +; numbers; numerous; o n; organs; pale; parotid; pathology; plasma; plasma cells; pleura; prefemoral; prescapular; present; prominent; reaction; retropharyngeal; right; round; s +; scanty; semi; similar; sized; slender; small; small numbers; south; species; specimens; spleen; springbok; staining; study; t.a; tissue; tract; true; tuberculosis; tuberculosis lesions; uterus; veterinary; visible; white; wildlife; williams
       cache: ojvr-26.pdf
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        item: #253 of 505
          id: ojvr-260
      author: Ker, J.; Webb, E.C.; Van der Merwe, C.F.
       title: Ventricular dyssynchrony as a cause of structural disease in the heart of Dorper sheep
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3214
      flesch: 52
     summary: During periods of ventricular dyssynchrony, right ventricular activation begins and is completed be- fore the initiation of left ventricular activation (Dunn 1987). Relation between the PVC load and number of abnormal left ventricular segments We found no relation between the PVC load, as well as the number of days subjected to PVCs, and the number of abnormal left ventricular segments (Table 2).
    keywords: abnormalities; activation; american; animals; anterior; bundle; cardiac; cause; cellular; consequences; days; dorper; dyssynchrony; haemodynamic; heart; histological; interstitial; interventricular; journal; lateral; left; left ventricular; musculature; myocardial; myocarditis; number; pacing; possible; posterior; pvcs; right; right ventricular; segments; septal; sheep; study; table; van; ventricle; ventricular; ventricular dyssynchrony; wall; wire
       cache: ojvr-260.pdf
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        item: #254 of 505
          id: ojvr-261
      author: Herold, F.C.; De Haas, K.; Cooper, D.; Colenbrander, B.; Nothling, J.O.; Theunisen, W.; Spillings, B.; Gerber, D.
       title: Comparison of three different media for freezing of epididymal sperm from the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and influence of equilibration time on the post-thaw sperm quality
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 5598
      flesch: 59
     summary: Short equilibration times (2 and 3 h) negatively affected post-thaw sperm motility, being 27 ± 19 % and 43 ± 12 %, 45 ± 10 % and 50 ± 20 % as well as 48 ± 10 % and 60 ± 20 % for AndroMed®, Triladyl™ and Red Ovine Freezing Buffer, respectively (Fig. 2). The decrease of sperm motility when ROFB and AndroMed® were used was only significant when compared to the values before freezing, but not when compared to the ones immediately after thaw- ing.
    keywords: acrosomal; acrosomes; african; andromed; animal; buffalo; buffer; bulls; caffer; comparison; differences; different; diluents; epididymal; equilibration; fig; freezing; frozen; gerber; glycerol; higher; intact; integrity; journal; longevity; media; min; motility; ovine; ovine freezing; percentages; post; progressive; red; reproduction; results; rofb; samples; semen; south; sperm; spermatozoa; syncerus; thawing; times; total; triladyl; veterinary; water
       cache: ojvr-261.pdf
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        item: #255 of 505
          id: ojvr-262
      author: Swai, E.S.; Karimuribo, E.D.; French, N.P.; Ogden, N.H.; Fitzpatrick, J.; Kambarage, D.; Bryant, M.J.
       title: Cross-sectional estimation of Babesia bovis antibody prevalence in cattle in two contrasting dairying areas in Tanzania
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 4174
      flesch: 60
     summary: In Iringa region animals locat- ed in Iringa urban district were significantly more likely to be sero-positive for Babesia bovis than ani- mals on farms in Iringa rural district (OR = 5.83, P = 0.010). In this article we present the results of a cross-sec- tional study estimation of the prevalence of Babesia bovis antibodies in dairy cattle on the two contrast- ing and diverse smallholder dairying regions in Tan- zania where Boophilus microplus is often thought not to exist (Lynen, Bakuname & Sanka 1999).
    keywords: age; animals; antibodies; antibody; april; areas; babesia; babesia bovis; babesiosis; bovis; cattle; clinical; cross; dairy; data; distribution; district; e.s; elisa; epidemiology; explanatory; farms; force; grazing; infection; iringa; january; jones; level; likelihood; logistic; low; mahoney; medicine; positive; prevalence; preventive; regions; regression; research; results; sero; smallholder; studies; study; swai; table; tanga; tanzania; tick; university; urban; usa; variables; veterinary; years
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        item: #256 of 505
          id: ojvr-263
      author: Ng'ang'a, C.J.; Maingi, N.; Munyua, W.K.; Kanyari, P.W.N.
       title: Epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminths infections in Dorper sheep in a semi-arid area of Kenya
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 4358
      flesch: 61
     summary: 1 Long-term monthly rainfall (1969–1998), the total monthly rainfall and the number of rainy days per month (May 1999 to May 2000) for Isinya Division in Kajiado district � * �� �* �� �* +� +* �� �� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �� ��� ��� ��� �� ������ � � � � � �� �� �� � �� � ��������� ���� ��, ����, ��������� ���� ��-, ����, ��, ����, �� �%%% �� �� ���� ��-, ����, �� �%%% �� �� ���� FIG. � / ��������� �# !
    keywords: adult; age; allonby; animals; area; arid; breeding; counts; development; district �; dorper; dry; egg; eggs; ewes; faecal; gastrointestinal; gatongi; groups; haemonchus; helminths; infections; kenya; lambs; larvae; long; mean; november; october; pastures; period; prevalence; rainfall; rains; research; season; self; semi; september; sheep; strongyle; study; veterinary; wet; yearlings
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        item: #257 of 505
          id: ojvr-264
      author: Oyedele, O.I.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Cadmus, S.I.B.; Adu, F.D.
       title: Protective levels of canine distemper virus antibody in an urban dog population using plaque reduction neutralization test
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 2402
      flesch: 53
     summary: tective levels of canine distemper virus antibody in an urban dog population using plaque reduction neutralization test. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 71:227–230 Blood samples from 50 dogs were collected at three veterinary clinics in Ibadan and Abuja, Nigeria and the serum from each sample was evaluated serologically for neutralizing antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV) by the highly sensitive plaque reduction (PRN) neutralization assay.
    keywords: 1:100; alsation; antibodies; antibody; canine; canine distemper; cdv; distemper; dogs; ibadan; infection; iwatsuki; journal; medical; neutralization; neutralizing; nigeria; onderstepoort; plaque; population; prn; protective; records; reduction; serum; strain; test; titres; unvaccinated; urban; vaccination; vaccines; veterinary; virus; yoshida
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        item: #258 of 505
          id: ojvr-265
      author: Magona, J.W.; Mayende, J.S.P.; Okiria, R.; Okuna, N.M.
       title: Protective efficacy of isometamidium chloride and diminazene aceturate against natural Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax infections in cattle under a suppressed tsetse population in Uganda
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 4709
      flesch: 54
     summary: Among the 66 treated with ISMM, there were no re-infections in animals that originally had T. brucei infections (0/26), five re-infections for those that had T. con- golense (5/14) and eight re-infections in those that had T. vivax infections (8/26) over a period of 12 months. The mean time to infection with each of the three trypanosome species dif- fered significantly, with the average time to T. vivax infection the lowest, followed by T. congolense and then T. brucei.
    keywords: aceturate; animals; brucei; cattle; chloride; congolense; control; dim; diminazene; drug; efficacy; free; group; infected; infection; ismm; isometamidium; magona; mayende; mean; okiria; okuna; population; proportion; protective; southeast; species; study; t. brucei; t. vivax; time; treatment; trypanocidal; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; uganda; untreated; vector; vivax
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        item: #259 of 505
          id: ojvr-266
      author: Nel, H.; Van Vuuren, M.; Swan, G.E.
       title: Towards the establishment and standardization of a veterinary antimicrobial resistance surveillance and monitoring programme in South Africa
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 4910
      flesch: 37
     summary: However, through the increasing use of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals, fish and crops, an antimicrobial resistance problem has been created that is rapidly moving internationally to the forefront of public health concerns (Anon. 1999) with numerous governmental and non-gov- 239 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 71:239–246 (2004) Multi-well plates containing varying dilutions of antimicrobial drugs and prepared in-house for MIC determinations, yielded repeatable results.
    keywords: africa; agents; animals; antimicrobial; antimicrobial drugs; antimicrobial resistance; atcc; bacteria; coli; concentrations; control; data; drugs; e. coli; e. faecium; emergence; faecalis; faecium; food; franklin; growth; haemolytica; health; humans; inhibitory; isolates; journal; laboratory; method; microdilution; minimum; monitoring; months; national; nccls; neomycin; origin; plates; prepared; programme; reference; resistance; results; salmonella; south; species; specimens; standards; strains; study; surveillance; susceptibility; table; testing; tests; use; van; veterinary; veterinary antimicrobial
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        item: #260 of 505
          id: ojvr-267
      author: Mushi, E.Z.; Binta, M.G.; Chabo, R.G.
       title: Yolk sac utilization in ostrich (Struthio camelus) chicks : research communication
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 1821
      flesch: 69
     summary: Mushi_247-249.qxd INTRODUCTION Utilization of yolk sac in the ostrich (Struthio came- lus) is an important aspect of its post-hatching de- velopment (Bertram & Burger 1981). In the ostrich, failure to establish when yolk sac is considered “retained” has often led to unnecessary surgical excision of the yolk sac (deutectomy).
    keywords: camelus; chicks; day; days; eggs; growth; hatched; hatching; initial; m.g; mass; murakami; ostrich; percentage; post; poultry; residual; room; sac; science; sklan; struthio; utilization; veterinary; yolk; yolk sac
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        item: #261 of 505
          id: ojvr-269
      author: Sebei, P.J.; McCrindle, C.M.E.; Green, E.D.; Turner, M.L.
       title: Use of scanning electron microscopy to confirm the identity of lice infesting communally grazed goat herds
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 2625
      flesch: 56
     summary: Keywords: Bovicola spp., goat, lice, Linognathus africanus, scanning electron microscope 1 Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderste- poort, 0110 South Africa 2 Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Southern Africa, Box 232, MEDUNSA, 0204 South Africa 3 Electron Microscope Unit, Medical University of Southern Africa, Box 232, MEDUNSA, 0204 South Africa Accepted for publication 23 October 2003—Editor features used for the taxonomic differentiation of lice species were described using the standard light microscope (Green, Turner & Sebei 2001; Turner, Baker & Marais 2002). Probably as a result of better identifi- cation of lice species due to use of SEM, it was found that all three species could infest a single animal,.
    keywords: africanus; biting; bovicola; caprae; electron; fig; goats; gonopods; graham; grazed; green; herds; identification; infestations; journal; lice; limbatus; linognathus; louse; male; microscopy; negative; organs; plate; positive; positive positive; price; research; sebei; sem; south; species; sucking; turner; veterinary; view
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        item: #262 of 505
          id: ojvr-27
      author: Ker, J.; Webb, E.C.; van Papendorp, D.
       title: The Brody effect induced by premature ventricular complexes in the ovine heart
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 2642
      flesch: 61
     summary: Keywords: Brody effect; ovine heart; QRS amplitude; premature ventricular complex INTRODUCTION Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) were cho- sen to reduce left and right ventricular volumes, in order to try and induce the Brody effect and to docu- ment any possible difference between right and left ventricular QRS amplitude responses.
    keywords: amplitude; bleeding; blood; brody; brody effect; complexes; effect; electrocardiogram; fig; filling; gitter; grossman; heart; journal; lead; left; manoach; ovine; polarity; premature; pvcs; qrs; reduction; right; study; varon; ventricle; ventricular
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        item: #263 of 505
          id: ojvr-270
      author: Bragg, R.R.; Jansen van Rensburg, P.; Van Heerden, E.; Albertyn, J.
       title: The testing and modification of a commercially available transport medium for the transportation of pure cultures of Haemophilus paragallinarum for serotyping
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3271
      flesch: 58
     summary: TABLE 5 Isolation of H. paragallinarum from different transport media sent to Cape Town and returned to Bloemfontein in different transport media over a period of 6 days Media Number tested Number positive Transport swabs 3 3 A/NAD 3 3 A/T 3 3 A/A-O 3 3 A/serum 3 3 A/supp 3 3 RIMLER, R.B., DAVIES, R.B. & PAGE, R.K. 1977. The NAD- dependent strains of H. paragallinarum are very fastidious organisms requiring two supplements to the medium which are essential for their growth.
    keywords: amies; available; bacterium; blackall; charcoal; days; different; growth; haemophilus; isolates; journal; media; medium; nad; paragallinarum; results; room; samples; serotyping; serum; supplements; survival; swabs; table; temperature; transport; veterinary
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        item: #264 of 505
          id: ojvr-271
      author: Mahan, S.M.; Simbi, B.H.; Burridge, M.J.
       title: The pCS20 PCR assay for Ehrlichia ruminantium does not cross-react with the novel deer ehrlichial agent found in white-tailed deer in the United States of America
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 4213
      flesch: 50
     summary: In comparison, the (nested) primers AB 128 and AB 129 specific for the pCS20 sequence of E. ruminantium, amplified the 279 bp fragment from E. ruminantium DNA but not from the WTDE-infected deer DNA samples originating from Florida, Georgia and Missouri (Fig. 1). The labelled pCS20 probe of E. ruminantium hybridized only to the products from the pCS20 PCR assays on E. ruminantium DNA and not to any of the samples which were amplified from WTDE DNA.
    keywords: 16s; 405–412; agent; assay; barbet; burridge; chaffeensis; cowdria; davidson; dawson; deer; detection; dna; ehrlichia; fig; florida; fragment; heartwater; infected; infection; journal; little; lockhart; m.j; mahan; nested; pcr; pcs20; peter; primary; primers; probe; products; reaction; ruminantium; ruminantium dna; s.m; samples; simbi; species; specific; stallknecht; ticks; usa; veterinary; warner; white; wtde; wtde dna
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        item: #265 of 505
          id: ojvr-273
      author: Combrink, M.P.; Troskie, P.C.
       title: Effect of diminazene block treatment on live redwater vaccine reactions
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3047
      flesch: 48
     summary: The efficacy of using reduced dosage rates of dim- inazene to treat frozen vaccine reactions was deter- mined in eight fully susceptible 20- to 30-month-old splenectomized Hereford cattle born and bred in the stables of the Parasitology Division of the Onder- stepoort Veterinary Institute. Based on these findings and reports of vaccine fail- ures in some animals in which diminazene was used for the block treatment of vaccine reactions (Com- brink, personal observations 2001), it was decided to reinvestigate the duration of the interval between vaccination and treatment as well as the optimum dosage rate of diminazene necessary for success- ful treatment and development of immunity.
    keywords: african; animals; babesia; bigemina; block; blood; bovis; cattle; challenge; combrink; day; diminazene; dose; frozen; groups; journal; onderstepoort; reactions; redwater; south; table; treatment; troskie; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; vos; waal
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        item: #266 of 505
          id: ojvr-276
      author: De Smidt, O.; Albertyn, J.; Bragg, R.R.; Van Heerden, E.
       title: Genetic organisation of the capsule transport gene region from Haemophilus paragallinarum
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 8929
      flesch: 67
     summary: The four genes were designated hctA, B, C and D (for H. paragallinarum capsule transport genes) and the predicted products of these genes likely encode an ATP-dependent export system responsible for transport of the capsule polysaccharides to the cell surface, possibly a member of a super family designated ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters. 140 Genetic organisation of capsule transport gene region from Haemophilus paragallinarum Plasmid DNA was isolated by a rapid alkaline lysis method described by Sambrook et al.
    keywords: aaa; aac; aag; aat; aca; acg; act; agc; agg; agt; ala; ala phe; ala val; amino; analysis; arg; asn; asn leu; asp; ata; atc; atg; att; caa; cac; cag; capsular; capsule; capsule transport; cat; cca; cgt; ctg; ctt; cys; dna; export; fig; fragment; gaa; gag; gat; gca; gcc; gct; gene; genetic; genomic; gga; ggc; ggg; ggt; gln; glu; gly; gly ala; gly leu; gly val; gta; gtg; gtt; haemophilus; hcta; hctb; hctc; hctd; hybridisation; ile; ile ala; ile arg; ile asn; ile gly; ile ile; ile ser; influenzae; journal; kroll; lane; leu; leu ala; leu arg; leu ile; leu leu; leu lys; leu phe; locus; lys; membrane; microbiology; molecular; multocida; organisation; paragallinarum; pcr; phe; phe phe; phe ser; pleuropneumoniae; polysaccharide; pro; pro leu; probe; protein; region; sequence; ser; ser arg; ser asn; ser gly; ser leu; ser ser; tat; tca; tcc; tcg; tct; tgc; tgg; tgt; thr; thr ala; thr ile; thr leu; thr val; transport; transport gene; trp; tta; ttc; ttg; ttt; tyr; val; val arg; val ile; val leu; val lys; val ser; val val
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        item: #267 of 505
          id: ojvr-277
      author: Garijo, M.M.; Ortiz, J.M.; Ruiz de Ibanez, M.R.
       title: Helminths in a giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa) from a zoo in Spain : research communication
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 2108
      flesch: 59
     summary: No information is available concerning the patholo- gy of C. mentulatus infections in wild ruminants but disease caused by it has been described in sheep, camels, oryx, Oryx gazella, blackbuck, Antilope cer- vicapra, giraffe and Thompson’s gazelles, Gazella thomsoni. In this respect mouflons, Ovis musimon, are frequently found in the paddocks of other animal species.
    keywords: aitana; animals; boomker; camelopardalis; camelostrongylus; deer; females; garijo; gazella; giraffe; helminths; infection; journal; krecek; males; mentulatus; murcia; national; nematodes; parasites; park; present; research; ruminants; science; spain; species; study; teladorsagia; trichostrongylus; veterinary; wild; zoo
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        item: #268 of 505
          id: ojvr-28
      author: Horak, I.G.; Nyangiwe, N.; De Matos, C.; Neves, L.
       title: Species composition and geographic distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in a temperate and in a subtropical region of south-east Africa
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 8024
      flesch: 63
     summary: Keywords: Cattle, dogs, Eastern Cape Province, geographic distribution, goats, ixodid ticks, Maputo Province, Mozambique, South Africa * In her review of the ixodid ticks of southern Africa Walker (1991) reported that R. turanicus was present in scattered localities in Transvaal Province, South Africa (a province that has now been divided into the four northern prov- inces of this country) and from Bergville in KwaZulu- Natal Province.
    keywords: adult; africa; animals; boophilus; cape; cape province; cattle; collections; decoloratus; dias; distribution; dogs; domestic; eastern; eastern cape; eastern region; elliptica; et al; evertsi; fig; geographic; goats; group; haemaphysalis; hebraeum; horak; hosts; howell; hyalomma; i.g; ixodid; ixodidae; journal; kruger; leachi; localities; magude; maputo; maputo province; matos; microplus; moamba; mozambique; n o; national; neves; north; northern; norval; numbers; nyangiwe; onderstepoort; park; present; province; region; research; rhipicephalus; sanguineus; sede; simus; south; south africa; southern; species; spickett; stages; survey; swaziland; ticks; vegetation; veterinary; walker; west; widespread; wild; zimbabwe
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        item: #269 of 505
          id: ojvr-280
      author: Bragg, R.R.
       title: Limitation of the spread and impact of infectious coryza through the use of a continuous disinfection programme
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 5215
      flesch: 65
     summary: In the case of vaccinated chickens challenged with sero- var A-1, treatment with DDAC not only reduced the overall clinical signs (which was found to be statis- tically significant) but also reduced the duration of infection to just 3 days. A notable exception to this was when vaccinated chickens were challenged with the NAD-independent serovar C isolate.
    keywords: a-1; b-1; birds; bragg; c-2; c-3; challenge; chickens; clinical; continuous; coryza; dep; different; disease; disinfection; egg; eggs; fig; group; haemophilus; independent; infectious; isolates; nad; paragallinarum; production; programme; r.r; serovar; signs; unvaccinated; virukill
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        item: #270 of 505
          id: ojvr-281
      author: Horak, I.G.; Beaucournu, J.-C.; Braack, L.E.O.
       title: Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLIV. Fleas (Insecta : Siphonaptera : Pulicidae) collected from 15 carnivore species
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3139
      flesch: 55
     summary: In the Neotropical region, however, certain fleas of the family Rhopa- lopsyllidae, or the subfamily Rhopalopsyllinae are frequently found on carnivores, and their host spe- cificity appears extensive, with various families and genera of fleas infesting different families and gen- era of hosts. The tick species recovered from carnivores in two of these surveys have been recorded by Horak, Jacot Guillarmod, Moolman & De Vos (1987) and Horak, Braack, Fourie & Walker (2000), as have the ticks, mites, fleas and lice infesting yellow mongooses, Cynictis penicillata (Horak, Chaparro, Beaucournu & Louw 1999).
    keywords: 1995; africa; animals; beaucournu; braack; cape; caracal; carnivores; ctenocephalides; damarensis; domestic; eastern; echidnophaga; felis; fleas; genus; horak; host; i.g; journal; knp; l.e.o; louw; national; northern; onderstepoort; parasites; park; region; research; segerman; siphonaptera; south; south africa; species; strongylus; suricatta; veterinary; warthogs; western; wild
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        item: #271 of 505
          id: ojvr-282
      author: Albertyn, J.; Tajbhai, K.M.; Bragg, R.R.
       title: Psittacine beak and feather disease virus in budgerigars and ring-neck parakeets in South Africa
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3624
      flesch: 55
     summary: A simple method for collecting blood samples on fil- The PCR amplifica- 30 Psittacine beak and feather disease virus in South Africa TABLE 1 Blood samples obtained from species and sources Sample Species Source P-BLM-1 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-BLM-2 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-BLM-3 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-BLM-4 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-BLM-5 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-BLM-6 Parakeet Bloemfontein P-GEO Parakeet George B-PTA-1 Budgerigar Pretoria B-PTA-2 Budgerigar Pretoria B-PTA-3 Budgerigar Pretoria B-PTA-4 Budgerigar Pretoria B-PTA-5 Budgerigar Pretoria B-CRA-1 Budgerigar Cradock B-CRA-2 Budgerigar Cradock B-CRA-3 Budgerigar Cradock B-CRA-4 Budgerigar Cradock B-CRA-5 Budgerigar Cradock tion was performed using a set of oligonucleotide primers [PB F1 (AACCCTACAGACGGCGAG-3’) and PB R1 (5’-GTCACAGTCCTCCTTGTACC-3’)] obtained from literature (Ypelaar et al. 1999; Bassami et al. 2001), amplifying a region of open reading frame 1 with a predicted size of 717 bp.
    keywords: africa; beak; birds; bloemfontein; blood; budgerigars; cradock; differences; digest; disease; feather; fig; filter; genetic; infection; isolates; lanes; neck; paper; parakeets; pbfdv; pcr; pretoria; products; profile; psittacine; raidal; restriction; ring; samples; set; similar; size; south; species; variation; veterinary; virus
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        item: #272 of 505
          id: ojvr-284
      author: Burridge, M.J; Simmons, L.A.; Ahrens, E.H.; Naude, S.A.J.; Malan, F.S.
       title: Development of a novel self-medicating applicator for control of internal and external parasites of wild and domestic animals
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 7811
      flesch: 61
     summary: Keywords: Amitraz, cattle, cyfluthrin, deer, deltamethrin, fly control, moxidectin, nematode control, self-medicating applicator, tick control 1 Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0880, USA 2 3551 Zenner-Ahrens Road, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA 3 Intervet Research Unit, P.O. Box 124, Malelane, 1320 South Africa Accepted for publication 23 September 2003—Editor MATERIALS AND METHODS Self-medicating applicator The applicator, given the trademark of the Appli- Gator™ (University of Florida), is a semicircular device composed of a solid outer pipe made of rigid polyvinyl chloride containing a rigid porous internal pipe made of high-density polyethylene, with an upper portion of the outer pipe removed to allow animals to contact the internal porous material (Fig. 1). Tick control on cattle with flumethrin pour- on through a Duncan applicator.
    keywords: adult; africa; amitraz; animals; anthelmintic; appendiculatus; applicator; burridge; cattle; control; control group; counts; cyfluthrin; day; days; deer; deltamethrin; device; duncan; e d; egg; feed; flies; fly; group; hebraeum; horn; journal; m.j; mean; moxidectin; n d; negative; new; o n; parasites; porous; post; pour; self; simmons; south; states; table; ticks; treatment; trial; trichostrongyle; trough; united; usa; veterinary; weekly; wild; y d
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        item: #273 of 505
          id: ojvr-285
      author: Bragg, R.R.
       title: Evidence of possible evasion of protective immunity by NAD-independent isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum in poultry
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3397
      flesch: 53
     summary: Bragg et al. (1993a) established that the genes encoding for NAD independence appear to be car- 53 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 71:53–58 (2004) Evidence of possible evasion of protective immu- nity by NAD-independent isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum in poultry R.R. BRAGG Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 399, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa. If the acquisition of NAD independence is freeing the bacteria from their dependence on drawing NAD for the blood supply, this might allow them to grow in other areas of the sinuses.
    keywords: birds; bragg; c-3; chickens; different; disease; evasion; field; haemophilus; immunity; independent; independent isolates; isolates; journal; mab; nad; paragallinarum; possible; profiles; protective; r.r; research; serogroup; serovar; south; vaccinated; vaccines; verschoor; veterinary
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        item: #274 of 505
          id: ojvr-286
      author: Durden, L.A.; Horak, I.G.
       title: Linognathus weisseri n. sp. (Phthiraptera : Linognathidae) of impalas, Aepyceros melampus : description and biology
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 3983
      flesch: 66
     summary: Its prevalence on adult male impalas (9 %) was significantly lower (P = 0.004) than that on adult females (39 %), but did not differ among age classes. The prevalence was consid- erably lower (P = 0.004) on adult male impalas (9 %) than on adult females (39 %), and none were collected from the adult males at Crocodile Bridge.
    keywords: abdomen; abdominal; adult; aepyceros; africa; animals; anterior; dorsal; female; fig; head; horak; i.g; impalas; intensity; journal; lateral; legs; length; lice; linognathidae; linognathus; long; louse; male; margins; nevilli; phthiraptera; plate; posterior; present; prevalence; research; rows; setae; short; small; south; species; sub; thorax; ventral; veterinary; weisseri
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        item: #275 of 505
          id: ojvr-287
      author: Mtshali, M.S.; De Waal, D.T.; Mbati, P.A.
       title: A sero-epidemiological survey of blood parasites in cattle in the north-eastern Free State, South Africa
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 5893
      flesch: 59
     summary: The predilection sites and seasonal vari- ations of cattle ticks. Host resistance in cattle tick control.
    keywords: adult; africa; anaplasma; animals; area; august; babesia; babesiosis; bigemina; blood; boophilus; bovis; burdens; cattle; control; decoloratus; diseases; dreyer; eastern; elisa; endemic; evertsi; february; free; harrismith; ifat; january; journal; july; june; kestell; level; marginale; mean; monthly; n =; negative; north; number; onderstepoort; parasites; pcv; peak; positive; province; qwa; research; seasonal; sera; sero; serological; seroprevalence; significant; situation; south; species; state; study; table; test; tick; university; values; veterinary; year
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        item: #276 of 505
          id: ojvr-288
      author: Polat, U.; Cetin, M.; Turkyilmaz, O.; Yalcin, A.
       title: Reference serum protein and lipoprotein fractions of ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Turkey : research communication
        date: 2004-11-08
       words: 1812
      flesch: 58
     summary: Relative and total amounts of serum protein fractions are affected by infections, inflammation, and nutritional and physiological sta- tus, and are therefore important health indicators. Keywords: Lipoprotein fraction, ostrich, protein fraction, Struthio camelus 1 University of Uludag, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Biochemistry, Bursa 16059 Turkey 2 Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Izmir, Turkey Accepted for publication 16 October 2003—Editor protein (HDL)), pre-β-lipoprotein (very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)) and α-lipoprotein (low density lipoprotein (LDL)) fractions of normal ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Turkey.
    keywords: albumin; avian; biochemistry; camelus; clinical; composition; density; electrophoresis; fractions; globulin; hdl; journal; lipoprotein; lipoprotein fractions; low; ostriches; plasma; reference; research; serum; struthio; study; table; turkey; veterinary; vldl
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        item: #277 of 505
          id: ojvr-292
      author: Kabongo, N.; Baule, C.; Van Vuuren, M.
       title: Molecular analysis of bovine viral diarrhoea virus isolates from South Africa
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 4523
      flesch: 58
     summary: This might be due to either the pres- ence of certain elements in the clinical specimens that are inhibitory to reverse transcriptase or taq polymerase enzymes or to masking of the target template by proteins coagulated during extraction of nucleic acids in the clinical specimens. 277 N. KABONGO, C. BAULE & M. VAN VUUREN TABLE 1 BVDV isolates obtained by virus isolation, ELISA and confirmed with PCR Specimens Number ELISA positive Virus isolation positive PCR positive Serum 54 7 4 11 Whole blood 32 3 3 3 Spleen 10 NT 3 3 Lung 8 NT 2 2 Lymph nodes 10 NT 3 3 Cell lines 3 NT 3 3 Total 117 7 18 25 NT: Not tested * Three buffy coats that tested positive on both tests TABLE 2 Predominant clinical syndrome associated with BVDV isolates and their origin Respiratory Respiratory Diarrhoea Diarrhoea Others +Pyrexia +Pyrexia (n = 7) (n = 3) (n = 3) (n = 2) (n = 10) ncpST5F/98
    keywords: 5’ntr; africa; analysis; baule; belák; bovine; bvdv; bvdv type; cattle; clinical; cluster; diarrhoea; diversity; genetic; genome; genotype; investigation; isolates; isolation; journal; min; molecular; nadl; onderstepoort; origin; paton; pcr; pestiviruses; phylogenetic; polymerase; previous; primers; reaction; reference; research; reverse; sequences; south; southern; specimens; strains; subgroup; thiel; total; type; van; veterinary; viral; virology; virus; vuuren
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        item: #278 of 505
          id: ojvr-293
      author: Putterill, J.F.; Soley, J.T.
       title: General morphology of the oral cavity of the Nile crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus (Laurenti, 1768). I. Palate and gingivae
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 9370
      flesch: 55
     summary: Keywords: Crocodylus niloticus, histology, morphology, Nile crocodile, oral cavity, scanning elec- tron microscopy * Hulanicka (1913) investigated the innervation of the tongue, palate and the skin of Crocodylus niloticus and Alligator lucius and de- scribed five different nerve endings in the regions studied.
    keywords: adjacent; alligator; appearance; areas; bar; base; bones; buds; cavity; cells; cobbled; connective; connective tissue; corpuscles; crocodile; crocodylus; dentary; der; description; development; dome; dorsal; epithelial; features; fig; flattened; fold; gingivae; glands; glandular; gular; h&e; histological; j.f; j.t; lateral; laurenti; layer; like; mandible; mass; maxilla; maxillary; microscopy; mississippiensis; morphology; nerve; nile; niloticus; note; observed; oral; oral cavity; pacinian; palate; palatine; papillae; presence; process; putterill; raised; receptors; regions; reptiles; reptilia; rostral; samples; sem; sensory; shaped; similar; situated; small; soley; specialisations; specimens; stain; stratum; structures; study; surface; taguchi; taste; teeth; tissue; tongue; valve; von
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        item: #279 of 505
          id: ojvr-294
      author: Ker, J.; Webb, E.C.; Ker, J.A.; Bekker, P.A.
       title: The heart remembers : observations of cardiac memory in the Dorper sheep heart
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 2558
      flesch: 60
     summary: Indeed, this appears to be the case—cardiac memory has been demon- strated in the heart of the human, dog, rat and rabbit (Rosenbaum & Blanco 1982; Goldberger & Kadish 1999; Herweg & Chang 2001; Rosen 2001, 2002). Cardiac memory is manifested as peculiar changes of the T wave, seen on the electrocardiogram (Ro- senbaum & Blanco 1982; Goldberger & Kadish 1999; Rosen 2001, 2002).
    keywords: abnormal; activation; altered; blanco; cardiac; cardiac memory; changes; complex; dorper; example; fig; goldberger; heart; journal; kadish; lead; left; long; memory; new; normal; polarity; pretoria; qrs; right; rosen; rosenbaum; sequence; sheep; t wave; term; ventricular; wave; wethers
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        item: #280 of 505
          id: ojvr-295
      author: Myburgh, E.; Nevill, E.M.
       title: Review of blackfly (Diptera : Simuliidae) control in South Africa
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 7263
      flesch: 59
     summary: The results of this study can be used, to some extent, to explain the typical seasonal variation found in the annoyance levels exhibited by adult blackflies along the lower Orange River and therefore, outbreaks can be pre- dicted with more accuracy and blackfly control pro- grammes can be adjusted accordingly. Four phases characterize the development of blackfly control in South Africa: (1) during the 1960s blackflies in the Vaal River were controlled with DDT; (2), during the 1970s and into the 1980s blackflies were controlled using water-flow manipulation; (3) when used at strategic times, water-flow manipulation could be used to enhance the effect of natural predator populations; and (4) during the 1990s the organophosphate temephos and toxins produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis var.
    keywords: 1997; 1999a; adult; africa; agriculture; applications; applied; bacillus; blackflies; blackfly; blackfly control; breeding; bti; car; chutteri; control; crosskey; damnosum; dams; davies; ddt; department; development; diptera; e.m; economic; edwardes; effective; entomology; feeding; fish; flow; gamtoos; great; high; holmes; howell; israelensis; journal; larvae; larvicide; lower; manipulation; medical; method; moor; myburgh; national; nevill; new; onderstepoort; orange; orange river; outbreaks; palmer; pest; pretoria; problem; production; programme; r.w; rapids; report; research; review; river; simuliidae; simulium; south; south africa; species; studies; sundays; survival; temephos; thuringiensis; trials; use; vaal; vaal river; van; var; veterinary; water
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        item: #281 of 505
          id: ojvr-296
      author: Matete, G.O.
       title: Occurrence, clinical manifestation and the epidemiological implications of naturally occurring canine trypanosomosis in western Kenya
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 4789
      flesch: 58
     summary: It has been established that dogs are susceptible to various trypanosomes including T. brucei brucei, T. brucei rhodesiense, T. brucei gambiense, Trypanosoma congolense, Tryp- 317 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 70:317–323 (2003) Occurrence, clinical manifestation and the epidemiological implications of naturally occurring canine trypanosomosis in western Kenya G.O. MATETE* Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya ABSTRACT MATETE, G.O. 2003. Efforts to utilize current markers, like minisatellites, have been able to distinguish between Ugandan T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. brucei (Macleod, Twedie, Welburn, Maudlin, Turner & Tait 2000).
    keywords: african; animal; areas; blood; brain; brucei; bulletin; canine; cattle; clinical; corneal; current; days; disease; dogs; endemic; fig; forms; gambiense; gene; health; human; infected; infection; infective; journal; kaggwa; kenya; ketri; matete; maudlin; melarsoprol; morrison; mugera; murray; occurrence; opacity; outbreaks; parasitology; population; presence; prevalence; research; resistance; rhodesiense; serum; sickness; signs; similar; sleeping; smears; society; sra; study; t. b.; t. brucei; treatment; trypanosoma; trypanosomosis; tsetse; uganda; van; veterinary; welburn; western
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        item: #282 of 505
          id: ojvr-297
      author: Belozerov, V.N.; Van Niekerk, D.J.; Butler, H.J.B.
       title: Population structure of Argas arboreus (Acari : Argasidae) ticks associated with seasonally abandoned mixed heronries, dominated by cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis), in South Africa
        date: 2003-11-08
       words: 3736
      flesch: 63
     summary: In both southern and northern popula- tions of A. arboreus, adult ticks comprise 70–85 % of the overwintering reserve, with N2–4 nymphs mak- ing up the balance. During the winter in Egypt, which lasts from October through March and during which birds are absent from the heronries, adult ticks represent 70–85 % of the total overwintering tick population, the rest consisting of N2–4 instars (Guirgis 1971).
    keywords: adult; africa; arboreus; argas; argasidae; belozerov; birds; breeding; bubulcus; cattle; cycle; development; diapause; eggs; egret; egypt; fig; guirgis; heronries; heronry; hosts; ibis; ixodoidea; journal; khalil; kopij; larvae; life; n2–4; nesting; nymphs; persicargas; population; reserve; rhus; sample; south; stages; state; structure; subgenus; ticks; trees
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        item: #283 of 505
          id: ojvr-3
      author: None
       title: ojvr-3
        date: None
       words: 5306
      flesch: 51
     summary: Ticks collected from domestic cats (Felis catus), cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), caracals (Caracal caracal), African wild cats (Felis lybica), black-footed cats (Felis nigripes), a serval (Leptailurus serval), lions (Panthera leo), and leopards (Panthera pardus) were identified and counted. The collections from domestic cats, caracals, African wild cats, black-footed cats and the serval were all made in South Africa.
    keywords: acari; adult; africa; amblyomma; animals; cape; caracals; cats; cheetahs; collections; dogs; domestic; domestic cats; eastern; elliptica; et al; felids; fourie; haemaphysalis; horak; horak et; hosts; i.g; immature; infested; ixodes; ixodid; ixodid ticks; ixodidae; journal; leachi; leopards; lions; matthee; namibia; norval; numbers; onderstepoort; parasites; province; recorded; research; rhipicentor; rhipicephalus; single; south; south africa; southern; species; study; ticks; veterinary; walker; western; wild
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        item: #284 of 505
          id: ojvr-305
      author: None
       title: ojvr-305
        date: None
       words: 5541
      flesch: 48
     summary: Altogether 22 tick species were identified (18 from six Ixodidae genera; four from three Argasidae genera). doi:10.1007/BF02239802, PMid:6868134 Nyangiwe, N. & Horak, I.G., 2007, ‘Goats as alternative hosts of cattle ticks’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 74, 1−7.
    keywords: adults; africa; agriculture; animals; areas; babesiosis; bigemina; boophilus; bushveld; cape; cattle; central; collected; collection; control; decoloratus; department; diseases; distribution; eastern; eastern region; evertsi; figure; geographic; goats; hebraeum; high; horak; host; hyalomma; i.g; ixodidae; journal; livestock; major; microplus; mixed; months; north; north west; norval; numbers; onderstepoort; phase; present; properties; province; region; research; rhipicephalus; sheep; sites; south; south africa; species; specimens; survey; tick; tick species; total; vector; veterinary; walker; west; west province; western
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        item: #285 of 505
          id: ojvr-307
      author: None
       title: ojvr-307
        date: None
       words: 2506
      flesch: 50
     summary: Article Information Authors: Dirk Booyse1 Burk A. Dehority2 Affiliations: 1Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa 2Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio State University, USA Correspondence to: Dirk Booyse Email: dbooyse@op.up.ac.za Postal address: Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa Dates: Received: 16 Nov. 2010 Accepted: 16 Feb. 2011 Published: 21 July 2011 How to cite this article: Booyse, D. & Dehority, B.A., 2011, ‘Rumen protozoa in South African sheep with a summary of the worldwide distribution of sheep protozoa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 78(1), Art. ISSN: 2219-0635 (online) Rumen protozoa in South African sheep with a summary of the worldwide distribution of sheep protozoa In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Ethical considerations • Results and discussion • Conclusion • References Abstract (Back to top)
    keywords: africa; ammon; aries; b.a; bighorn; cattle; ciliate; cyprus; dalli; dehority; distribution; domestic; domestic sheep; dubardi; entodiniomorphida; entodinium; fauna; forms; göçmen; imai; journal; microbiology; new; number; observed; ophryoscolecidae; ovis; protozoa; rumen; rumen ciliate; sample; science; sheep; sieve; south; south africa; species; spp; studies; table; total; turkish; university; veterinary; zoology
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        item: #286 of 505
          id: ojvr-308
      author: None
       title: ojvr-308
        date: None
       words: 7978
      flesch: 58
     summary: The harsh environment in the northern and western parts of the Limpopo province would necessitate helminth parasites to employ strategies to protect the vulnerable, free-living larval stages, not only during winter when temperatures and rainfall are low, but also during summer, when temperatures are high and rainfall often low. Ortlepp (1964) examined material from Mozambique and the northern Transvaal (now Limpopo), which has been included in the list of helminth parasites of Round (1968).
    keywords: africa; animals; antelopes; area; authors; black; blue; boomker; boomker et; burdens; bushpig; climate; columbianum; common; conditions; contortus; cooperia; cooperioides; definitive; deflexus; domestic; dry; eastern; echinococcus; et al; examined; fasciola; game; gemsbok; haemonchus; harboured; helminth; helminth parasites; hepatica; higher; highest; horak; hosts; i.g; impalas; intermediate; journal; kruger; kudus; larvae; limpopo; low; murshidia; musina; national; nematode; northern; numbers; nyala; oesophagostomum; onderstepoort; ortlepp; parasites; park; parts; present; prevalence; province; rainfall; reinecke; research; sagitta; single; small; south; species; spp; stilesia; study; table; taenia; total; tragelaphus; transvaal; trichostrongylus; trichuris; veterinary; vivipara; vos; warthogs; waterbuck; western; wildebeest; wildlife; worms; young
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        item: #287 of 505
          id: ojvr-31
      author: Biryomumaisho, S.; Melville, S.E.; Katunguka-Rwakishaya, E.; Lubega, G.W.
       title: Detection of natural Trypanosoma vivax infections in pigs with microhaematocrit centrifugation and amplification of ITS1 rDNA
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 3162
      flesch: 54
     summary: The figures do not re ­ present identification tags of pigs 288 Trypanosoma vivax infections in pigs with microhaematocrit centrifugation and amplification of ITS1 rDNA to mixed trypanosome infections comprising of T. vivax, T. congolense and T. vivax; four had T. vivax and T. brucei; one T.brucei and T. congolense while one is T. vivax monolithic infection. Stephen (1986) suggested that pigs are refractory to T. vivax infection since when he challenged pigs with wild­caught tsetse flies infected with T. vivax and T. congolense in a ratio 2:1, no T. vivax para­ sites were subsequently detected in the blood of these animals.
    keywords: africa; amplification; animal; band; blood; brucei; cambridge; cards; cattle; centrifugation; congolense; control; detection; districts; fta; hosts; identification; infections; its1; its1 rdna; jinja; journal; kasese; masiga; mclaughlin; mhct; microhaematocrit; min; mixed; molecular; number; parasitology; pcr; pigs; positive; present; primers; rdna; samples; species; study; t. brucei; t. vivax; technique; test; trypanosoma vivax; trypanosomes; trypanosomosis; trypano­; uganda; university; veterinary; vivax
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        item: #288 of 505
          id: ojvr-312
      author: None
       title: ojvr-312
        date: None
       words: 5926
      flesch: 45
     summary: Council Directive 92/66/EEC of 14 July 1992, Official Journal of the European Communities 5, L 260/1–L 260/20, viewed n.d., from http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/food_safety/animal_health/l12021_en.htm Cobaleda, C., Munoz-Barroso, I., Sagrera, A. & Villar, E., 2002, ‘Fusogenic activity of reconstituted Newcastle disease virus envelope: a role for the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein in the fusion process’, International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 34, 403−413. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(01)00127-3 Collins, M.S., Bashiruddin, J.B. & Alexander, D.J., 1993, ‘Deduced amino acid sequences at the fusion protein cleavage site of Newcastle disease viruses showing variations in antigenicity and pathogenicity’, Archives of Virology 128, 363−370. doi:10.1007/BF01309446, PMid:8435046 Collins, M.S., Franklin, S., Strong, I., Meulemans, G. & Alexander, D.J., 1998, ‘Antigenic and phylogenetic studies on a variant Newcastle disease virus using anti-fusion protein monoclonal antibodies and partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene’, Avian Pathology 27, 90−96. doi:10.1080/03079459808419279, PMid:18483969 Collins, M.S., Govey, S.J. & Alexander, D.J., 2003, ‘Rapid in vitro assessment of the virulence of Newcastle disease virus isolates using the ligase chain reaction’, Archives of Virology 148, 1851−1862. Article Information Authors: Mmeta G. Yongolo1 Henrik Christensen2 Kurt Handberg3 Uswege Minga4 John E. Olsen2 Affiliations: 1Department of Virology, Ministry of Livestock Development, Tanzania 2Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 3Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark 4Faculty of Science, Technology and Environmental Studies, Open University of Tanzania, Tanzania Correspondence to: Henrik Christensen Email: hech@life.ku.dk Postal address: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederksberg C, Denmark Dates: Received: 20 Dec. 2010 Accepted: 08 Apr. 2011 Published: 30 Sept. 2011 How to cite this article: Yongolo, M.G., Christensen, H., Handberg, K., Minga, U. & Olsen, J.E., 2011, ‘On the origin and diversity of Newcastle disease virus in Tanzania’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 78(1), Art.
    keywords: acid; aldous; alexander; amino; analysis; archives; avian; birds; chickens; cleavage; collins; commercial; control; d.j; different; disease; disease virus; dna; epidemiological; et al; figure; frcs; free; fusion; gene; genotypes; group; herczeg; icpi; international; isolates; journal; lentogenic; live; mesogenic; microbiology; molecular; morogoro; ndv; newcastle; newcastle disease; nucleotide; old; outbreaks; pathology; pcr; phylogenetic; populations; position; poultry; presence; protein; recent; region; research; results; seal; sequences; sequencing; similarity; site; spread; strains; study; table; tabora; tanzania; university; vaccine; velogenic; veterinary; village; virology; virulence; virulent; virus; viruses; yongolo
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        item: #289 of 505
          id: ojvr-318
      author: None
       title: ojvr-318
        date: None
       words: 3378
      flesch: 55
     summary: The results of the investigation indicated that 36.1% of the neonatal calves were exposed to BVDV infection in utero. This is higher than what has been reported in the literature and suggests that dairy farmers in the Arabian Peninsula need to be made aware of the dangers of BVDV infections in their herds.
    keywords: animals; antibodies; antigen; arabia; authors; bovine; bvdv; calves; cattle; colostral; control; cows; dairy; detection; diarrhoea; disease; elisa; exposure; farm; gestation; herds; immune; infected; infection; large; lindberg; neonatal; neonatal calves; plates; positive; pre; presence; reaction; research; results; samples; saudi; sera; serum; strong; study; table; test; tissues; utero; veterinary; viral; virus
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        item: #290 of 505
          id: ojvr-32
      author: None
       title: ojvr-32
        date: None
       words: 7876
      flesch: 53
     summary: The changes in tick numbers over time probably reflect differences in their host communities at the two sites and the effect of climatic conditions on both hosts and free-living ticks. A serial cross-correlation was used to assess the relationship between rainfall and tick numbers.
    keywords: a.m.; africa; amblyomma; animals; annual; braack; camp; changes; collected; collections; decline; decoloratus; domestic; drought; early; eastern; et al; figure; gertenbach; habitat; hebraeum; horak; horak et; hosts; i.g; impalas; increase; infestation; intensity; journal; knp; kruger; kudus; landscape; large; larvae; lower; mean; monthly; national; nhlowa; numbers; onderstepoort; owen; parasites; park; period; populations; questing; rainfall; research; rest; road; seasonal; site; skukuza; smith; south; species; spickett; spring; study; summer; ticks; total; ungulate; vegetation; veterinary; vos; wild; winter; year
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        item: #291 of 505
          id: ojvr-320
      author: None
       title: ojvr-320
        date: None
       words: 6249
      flesch: 52
     summary: The aggregate numbers of adult ticks collected per month were used to illustrate graphically the seasonality of the most numerous species. Similar methodology was used to compare tick numbers (both questing and parasitic) between years.
    keywords: adult; adult ticks; africa; animals; annual; appendiculatus; bonsmara; bonsmara cattle; campagna; cape; cattle; decoloratus; domestic; döhne; eastern; evertsi; evertsi evertsi; figure; follis; fourie; free; grass; hebraeum; horak; hosts; i.g; immature; institute; ixodid; january; journal; larvae; microplus; monthly; national; nguni; nguni cattle; numbers; onderstepoort; open; parasites; parasitic; park; pastures; present; province; questing; r. evertsi; rainfall; research; rhipicephalus; rufipes; south; south africa; species; spickett; stages; state; study; summer; survey; table; ticks; total; vegetation; veterinary; walker; wild; years
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        item: #292 of 505
          id: ojvr-323
      author: None
       title: ojvr-323
        date: None
       words: 6242
      flesch: 47
     summary: The BVDV is of economic importance because of associated abortion, congenital defects, still births, increased neonatal mortality, prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, suboptimal reproductive performance, death from mucosal disease and premature disposal of PI animals (Cornish et al. 2005; Firat et al. 2002; Hilbe et al. 2007; Pens containing a single PI animal experience a pull rate (animals removed to hospital pen because of apparent illness) that is 33% higher than pens without PI animals.
    keywords: africa; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; assays; biopsies; bovine; bovine viral; bsa; buffer; bvdv; calves; cases; cattle; cells; chronic; colour; dab; detection; diagnostic; diarrhoea; diarrhoea virus; different; disease; doers; ear; elisa; enzyme; et al; evaluation; feedlot; figure; higher; hilbe; hospital; ihc; immunohistochemistry; immunosorbent; infected; infection; journal; laboratories; luzzago; mast; method; min; nonspecific; notch; novared; pbs; pen; persistent; pi animals; poor; positive; positive staining; potgieter; prevalence; radostits; reliable; respiratory; results; samples; sections; serum; skin; south; staining; strain; stratum; study; test; thur; time; veterinary; viral; virus; water
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        item: #293 of 505
          id: ojvr-326
      author: None
       title: ojvr-326
        date: None
       words: 2966
      flesch: 52
     summary: doi:10.1089/153036601316977714, PMid:12653141 Durden, L., Judy, T.N., Martin, J.E. & Spedding, L.S., 2005, ‘Fleas parasitizing domestic dogs in Georgia, USA: Species composition and seasonal abundance’, Veterinary Parasitology 130, 157−162. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.016, PMid:15893082 Eckstein, R.A. & Hart, B.L., 2000, ‘Grooming and control of fleas in cats’, Applied Animal Behavior Science 68, 141−150. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00095-2, doi:10.1016/S01681591(00)00094-0 Gonzalez, A., Castro, D. del C. & Gonzalez, S., 2004, ‘Ectoparasitic species from Canis familiaris (Linné) in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina’, Veterinary Parasitology 120, 123−129. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.12.001, PMid:15019149 Gracia, M.J., Calvete, C., Estrada, R., Castillo, J.A., Peribanez, M.A. & Lucientes, J., 2008, ‘Fleas parasitizing domestic dogs in Spain’, Veterinary Parasitology 151, 312–319. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.10.006, PMid:18031934 Koutinas, A.F., Papazahariadou, M.G., Rallis, T.S., Tzivara, N.H. & Himonas, C.A., 1995, ‘Flea species from dogs and cats in northern Greece: Environmental and clinical implications’, Veterinary Parasitology 58, 109−105. References (Back to top) Alcaino, H.A., Gorman, T.R. & Alcaino, R., 2002, ‘Flea species from dogs in three cities of Chile’, Veterinary Parasitology105, 261−265. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00626-4 Aldemir, O.S., 2007, ‘Epidemiological study of ectoparasites in dogs from Eruzurum region in Turkey’, Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(03), 148−151. Beck, W., Boch, K.K., Mackensen, H., Wiegand, B. & Pfister, K., 2006, ‘Qualitative and quantitative observations on the flea population dynamics of dogs and cats in several areas of Germany’, Veterinary Parasitology 137, 130−136. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.12.021, PMid:16442233 Canón-Franco, W.A. & Pérez-Bedoya, J.L., 2010, ‘Siphonaptera (Pulicidae) in dogs and cats of Colombia: Clinical and epidemiological aspects’, Veterinary Parasitology 173, 353–357. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.07.014, PMid:20728994 Comer, J.A., Paddock, C.D. & Childs, J.E., 2001, ‘Urban zoonoses caused by Bartonella, Coxiella, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia species’, Vector Borne Zoonotic Diseases 1, 91−118.
    keywords: adult; alcaino; animals; canis; cats; common; ctenocephalides; different; dogs; doi:10.1016; domestic; ectoparasites; et al; ethiopia; fad; felis; female; fleas; hawassa; higher; individuals; irritans; lesions; lice; male; overall; parasitology; prevalence; rinaldi; skin; southern; species; study; table; ticks; total; veterinary; yonas; young
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        item: #294 of 505
          id: ojvr-327
      author: None
       title: ojvr-327
        date: None
       words: 2796
      flesch: 52
     summary: Occurrence and concentration of Dasytricha ruminantium and larger ophryoscolecid protozoa in rumen contents of the impala. However, we were able to shoot an additional impala, collect rumen contents, stain and count protozoa in a 0.1-mL sample directly, without washing through sieves.
    keywords: africa; animals; b.a; booyse; bushveld; caecum; colon; concentration; contents; dehority; digestive; dogiel; gas; grasses; hoven; impala; journal; kleynhans; larger; organ; parameters; present; pretoria; production; protozoa; reported; rumen; ruminants; samples; season; small; south; species; table; tract; van; washed
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        item: #295 of 505
          id: ojvr-336
      author: None
       title: ojvr-336
        date: None
       words: 2918
      flesch: 51
     summary: The geographic distribution and prevalence of tick species in the 14 locations are summarised in Table 2. He collected the samples, identified tick species, performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript.
    keywords: amblyomma; animal; appendiculatus; area; authors; camps; cattle; central; coast; diseases; distribution; east; equatoria; evertsi; fever; group; hoogstraal; infest; ixodid; juba; julla; locations; male; mangalla; parva; present; region; research; rhipicephalus; simus; south; species; studies; study; sudan; terekeka; theileriosis; tick species; ticks; variegatum; veterinary; walker
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        item: #296 of 505
          id: ojvr-34
      author: Dungu, B.; Brett, B.; MacDonald, R.; Deville, S.; Dupuis, L.; Theron, J.; Bragg, R.R.
       title: Study on the efficacy and safety of different antigens and oil formulations of infectious coryza vaccines containing an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 6322
      flesch: 55
     summary: (0 %) 78 78 (100 %) 0 0 OBP IC 45 23 (51 %) 17 (38 %) 5 (11 %) 122 103 (84 %) 4 (3 %) 15 (12 %) ISA 70 46 28 (61 %) 14 (30 %) 4 (9 %) 154 149 (97 %) 3 (2 %) 2 (1 %) 304 Infectious coryza vaccines containing an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum 1: Tongaat C3 strain Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 1.010 0.191 0.360 0.150 0.130 – 81.1 64.4 85.1 87.1 2: Tongaat C-2 strain Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.58 0.04 0.09 0.29 0.00 – 93.1 84.5 50.0 100.0 3: A-1 isolate 0083 Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.55 0.19 0.17 0.20 0.26 – 65.5 69.1 63.6 52.7 4: NAD-independent C-3 isolate 1750 Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.15 0.125 0.04 0.04 0.08 – 16.7 73.3 73.3 46.7 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP Com A ISA 206 Control 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP Com A ISA 206 Control 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP Com A ISA 206 Control 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP Com A ISA 206 Control TABLE 3A First vaccination: Graphic representation of the mean daily disease scores obtained from each of the vaccines for chick- ens challenged with different A. paragallinarum challenge strains and table summarizing the corresponding mean lesion score and percentage protection—the Tongaat (C-3) strain (1); C-2 strain (2); the A-1 isolate 0083 (3); and the NAD- independent C-3 isolate 1750 (4) 305 B. DUNGU et al. 1: Tongaat C3 strain Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 1.65 0.595 0.065 0.245 0.055 – 64.0 96.1 85.2 96.7 2: Tongaat C-2 strain Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.27 0.14 0.195 0.10 0.10 – 48.1 27.8 63.0 63.0 3: A-1 isolate 0083 Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.130 0.075 0.090 0.090 0.080 – 42.3 30.8 30.8 38.5 4: NAD-independent C-3 isolate 1750 Vaccine Mean score % protection Control ComA ISA 206 OBP ISA 70 0.56 0.13 0.24 0.01 0.03 – 76.8 57.1 98.2 94.6 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 ISA 206 OBP ComA Control 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP ComA ISA 206 Control 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP ComA ISA 206 Control 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISA 70 OBP ComA ISA 206 Control TABLE 3B Second vaccination: Graphic representation of the daily protection scores provided by each of the vaccines for chickens challenged with different A. paragallinarum challenge strains and table summarizing the corresponding mean lesion score and percentage protection—the Tongaat (C-3) strain (1); C-2 strain (2); the A-1 isolate 0083 (3); and the NAD- independent C-3 isolate 1750 (4) 306 Infectious coryza vaccines containing an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum Efficacy of the vaccine formulations to different serovar after the first challenges The mean daily disease and protection scores for each of the groups of birds are summarized in Tables 3A and B for the first and second challenge rounds presented below. The virulence of different challenge strains could be assessed through the monitoring of clinical scores in the unvaccinated control animals.
    keywords: adjuvant; africa; age; avibacterium; birds; blackall; bragg; c-2; c-3; challenge; chickens; clinical; coma; coma isa; control; coryza; different; disease; efficacy; emulsion; experiment; formulation; group; haemophilus; independent; independent strain; infectious; isa; isolates; journal; mean; montanide; nad; obp; obp isa; oil; onderstepoort; paragallinarum; protection; reactions; research; results; safety; score; second; seppic; serovar; severe; signs; south; strain; study; tongaat; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; virulence; water; weeks
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        item: #297 of 505
          id: ojvr-343
      author: None
       title: ojvr-343
        date: None
       words: 3984
      flesch: 50
     summary: The objective of this study was to compare the two different freezing temperatures (approximately -20 °C and approximately -196 °C) on the survival and viability of eight mastitogenic bacteria commonly isolated from milk samples of South African dairy herds. Milk samples where SCC increased to more than 250 000 cells/mL, and not only milk from cows with clinical mastitis, were to be examined.
    keywords: -196; africa; agalactiae; aureus; bacteria; coagulase; coli; cryogenic; cryopreservation; cryopreserved; dairy; dysgalactiae; et al; faecalis; figure; freezer; freezing; frozen; growth; isolated; liquid; mastitis; mastitogenic; milk; murdough; negative; nitrogen; pretoria; samples; south; sta; staphylococci; storage; str; streptococcus; study; survival; test; tubes; uberis; university; viability; week
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        item: #298 of 505
          id: ojvr-344
      author: None
       title: ojvr-344
        date: None
       words: 3057
      flesch: 47
     summary: ISSN: 2219-0635 (online) Use of real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of African horse sickness virus replication in Culicoides imicola In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Research method and design    • Materials and method • Results • Discussion • Conclusion • Acknowledgments    • Authors’ contributions • References Abstract (Back to top) Despite its important role as vector for African horse sickness virus (AHSV), very little information is available on the dissemination of this virus in Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). It has been shown that Culicoides midges express various barriers that limit virus replication and transmission.
    keywords: abdomen; african; ahsv; barrier; blood; culicoides; d10; dissected; feeding; g.j; glands; head; horse; imicola; incubation; infection; journal; mellor; midges; onderstepoort; paweska; pcr; positive; present; quan; real; replication; research; results; rna; salivary; sickness; south; study; thorax; thoraxes; time; vector; venter; veterinary; viral; virus
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        item: #299 of 505
          id: ojvr-349
      author: None
       title: ojvr-349
        date: None
       words: 2866
      flesch: 33
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.03.014, PMid:18485982 Ockenhouse, C.F., Samlaska, C.P., Benson, P.M., Roberts, L.W., Eliasson, A., Malane, S. et al., 1990, ‘Cutaneous myiasis caused by the African tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga)’, Archives of Dermatology 126, 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.126.2.199, PMid:2301958 Ogo, N.I., Onovoh, E., Ayodele, D.R., Ajayi, O.O., Chukwu, C.O., Sugun, M. et al., 2009, ´Cutaneous canine myiasis in the Jos metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria, associated with Cordylobia anthropophaga´, Veterinarski Arhiv 79, 293–299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00772.x, PMid:19335833 Guillozet, N., 1981, ´Erosive myiasis´, Archives of Dermatology 117, 59–60.
    keywords: 28s; analysis; animals; anthropophaga; authors; blowflies; bootstrap; calliphoridae; cinegiticos; cordylobia; cutaneous; dipeolu; diptera; dna; dogs; flies; fly; gene; hall; identification; institute; investigacion; jos; journal; larvae; methods; min; molecular; morphological; myiasis; national; nigeria; ogo; parasitology; pcr; phylogenetic; plateau; posterior; reaction; recursos; research; rrna; sequences; skin; south; species; state; stevens; tree; use; veterinary; wall
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        item: #300 of 505
          id: ojvr-35
      author: Huchzermeyer, F.W.; Wallace, D.B.; Putterill, J.F.; Gerdes, G.H.
       title: Identification and partial sequencing of a crocodile poxvirus associated with deeply penetrating skin lesions in farmed Nile crocodiles, Crocodylus niloticus
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 2949
      flesch: 50
     summary: 1 Pit holes (encircled area and white arrows) in ventral scales of tanned Nile crocodile skin and showing sensory pores close to the caudal margin of the scales (black arrows), 0.75X 2 4 3 5 314 Crocodile poxvirus associated with skin lesions in farmed Nile crocodiles, Crocodylus niloticus Histopathology The histopathology of the skin lesions of the three- year-old and two-year-old crocodiles consisted of collapsed cysts with a folded surface that was lined entirely by a complete epidermis without any trace of an inflammatory reaction (Fig. 2). Similar pin prick-like lesions were found in Nile crocodile skins and dubbed “pit holes” (Huchzermeyer & Putterill 2004).
    keywords: affected; afonso; alligator; amplified; analysis; arrows; ballooning; bodies; cells; crocodile; crocodylus; crv; cysts; deep; dna; electron; epidermal; epidermis; f.w; farmed; fig; form; holes; huchzermeyer; inclusions; infection; intracytoplasmic; japan; journal; lesions; microscopy; nile; niloticus; onderstepoort; partial; pcr; pit; poxvirus; primer; proliferating; putterill; scales; scrapings; sequence; sequencing; skin; tanned; usa; veterinary; viral; west
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        item: #301 of 505
          id: ojvr-353
      author: None
       title: ojvr-353
        date: None
       words: 4519
      flesch: 43
     summary: Of the infected flies, 22% (n = 121) immature infections and 4% (n = 21) mature infections were found in G. austeni fed on four cattle infected with different T. congolense isolates. Although all four batches of G. austeni transmitted T. congolense to four susceptible animals, no transmission resulted from 10 batches of G. brevipalpis fed on susceptible cattle.
    keywords: africa; animals; area; austeni; bagnall; bossche; brevipalpis; cattle; collection; colony; competence; congolense; control; den; experiments; fed; field; flies; fly; g. austeni; glossina; glossina austeni; glossina brevipalpis; higher; immature; infected; infection; institute; international; isolates; journal; kappmeier; low; mature; midgut; nagana; natal; onderstepoort; parasitology; prevalence; proboscis; rate; research; results; south; species; study; susceptible; table; transmission; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; van; vector; veterinary
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        item: #302 of 505
          id: ojvr-360
      author: None
       title: ojvr-360
        date: None
       words: 5116
      flesch: 45
     summary: Jackie Picard3,4 Shahn Bisschop2 Alexander R. Jambalang2 Bruce Gummow2,4 Affiliations: 1Sayer Poultry Project, Poultry Section, National Cooperative Corporation, Sudan2Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa 3Department of Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa 4School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Australia Correspondence to: Mohamed Sirdar Postal address: Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa Dates: Received: 14 July 2011 Accepted: 03 Nov. 2011 Published: 16 Apr. 2012 How to cite this article: Sirdar, M.M., Picard, J., Bisschop, S., Jambalang, A.R. & Gummow, B., 2012, ‘A survey of antimicrobial residues in table eggs in Khartoum State, Sudan, 2007–2008’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(1), Art. A survey of antimicrobial residues in table eggs in Khartoum State, Sudan, 2007–2008 In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Study design    • Laboratory analysis    • Data analysis    • Spatial analysis • Results • Discussion    • Comparison of Khartoum State antimicrobial residue results with the results of other countries in Africa • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References Abstract Top ↑
    keywords: africa; analysis; animal; antimicrobial; antimicrobial residues; april; areas; august; authors; chicken; collection; confidence; consumers; corporation; countries; data; difference; distribution; eggs; farms; feed; figure; food; health; high; houses; human; interval; june; khartoum; khartoum state; layer; layer houses; national; number; periods; positive; poultry; pretoria; prevalence; products; project; proportion; residues; results; sampled; sampling; selait; south; spatial; state; study; sudan; survey; table; test; total; true; university; veterinary
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        item: #303 of 505
          id: ojvr-361
      author: None
       title: ojvr-361
        date: None
       words: 5152
      flesch: 46
     summary: A questionnaire survey of poultry layer farmers in Khartoum State, Sudan, to study their antimicrobial awareness and usage patterns In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Census of layer farms in Khartoum State    • Questionnaire survey    • Data analysis    • Spatial analysis    • Ethical considerations • Results    • Census of commercial layer farms in Khartoum State, Sudan    • Questionnaire analysis • Discussion    • Census of layer farms in Khartoum State, Sudan    • Questionnaire survey • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References • Footnotes Abstract Top ↑ An initial census of layer farms in Khartoum State, Sudan, was carried out in late 2007 and early 2008 and found that there were 252 layer farms with a total population of 2 221 800 birds. Materials and methods Top ↑ Census of layer farms in Khartoum State A census to determine the size and structure of commercial layer farms in Khartoum State, Sudan, was conducted between December 2007 and January 2008.
    keywords: absence; addition; agriculture; analysis; animal; antibiotics; antimicrobial; areas; association; authors; census; commercial; control; data; disease; drugs; eggs; factors; farmers; farms; houses; industry; information; irrigation; khartoum; khartoum state; lack; layer; layer farms; locality; ministry; months; number; period; poultry; presence; pretoria; production; project; questionnaire; residues; resources; results; significant; small; state; study; sudan; sudanese; survey; table; time; university; usage; use; veterinary; withdrawal
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        item: #304 of 505
          id: ojvr-362
      author: None
       title: ojvr-362
        date: None
       words: 4572
      flesch: 38
     summary: To investigate the relationship between fish parasite communities and water quality, metazoan parasites were examined in 140 specimens of the Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) sampled in three lakes in the Limpopo Province, namely the Luphephe–Nwanedi Dams (regarded as unpolluted), the Flag Boshielo Dam (regarded as moderately polluted) and a return water dam on a mine site (regarded as polluted). The reference site and the moderately polluted site had an equal number of monoxenous parasite species (Table 2).
    keywords: 2010; abundance; african; aquatic; boshielo; cestode; cichlidogyrus; communities; community; dam; dams; digeneans; distribution; diversity; effluent; environmental; figure; fish; flag; gryporynchid; highest; hosts; indices; intermediate; journal; lakes; larvae; levels; limpopo; luphephe; marcogliese; mean; metacercariae; metazoan; mining; monogeneans; mossambicus; nematodes; nwanedi; olifants; oreochromis; organic; paperna; parasite; parasite species; parasitology; polluted; pollution; prevalence; quality; ranarum; reference; results; return; richness; river; sampled; sites; south; species; spp; stages; systems; table; total; values; water; water dam
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        item: #305 of 505
          id: ojvr-367
      author: None
       title: ojvr-367
        date: None
       words: 5888
      flesch: 48
     summary: R. appendiculatus ticks collected from grass were also PCR-positive for Theileria sp. If it is assumed that this infection was Theileria sp. (sable), it would indicate that R. appendiculatus ticks are capable of acquiring heavy infection rates, supporting its role as a vector significantly.
    keywords: adult; africa; animals; antelope; appendiculatus; bags; blood; buparvaquone; calves; carrier; cattle; chain; clinical; coast; days; disease; dissected; ear; east; engorged; evertsi; evertsi evertsi; exposure; feeding; fever; field; figure; findings; glands; hand; hours; infected; infection; laboratory; larvae; lymph; monitoring; mortality; mucous; node; numbers; nymphae; pcr; peripheral; polymerase; possible; pretoria; pyrexia; r. evertsi; reaction; rectal; research; result; rhipicephalus; roan; sable; salivary; smears; south; species; spp; staining; temperature; theileria; theileria sp; theileriosis; tick; time; treatment; trial; university; vector; veterinary; weeks
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        item: #306 of 505
          id: ojvr-37
      author: Tolosa, T.; Tigre, W.; Teka, G.; Dorny, P.
       title: Prevalence of bovine cysticercosis and hydatidosis in Jimma municipal abattoir, South West Ethiopia
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 2968
      flesch: 51
     summary: Hydatidosis, caused by the meta cestodes of Echinococcus granulosus, is endemic in Ethiopia and studies from various parts of the country indi- cate that the infection ranges from 25.7 % to 63 % and 4.4 % to 18.8 % in cattle and sheep, respec- 323 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 76:323–326 (2009) Prevalence of bovine cysticercosis and hydatidosis in Jimma municipal abattoir, South West Ethiopia T. TOLOSA1, W. TIGRE1, G. TEKA1 and P. DORNY2, 3* ABSTRACT TOLOSA, T., TIGRE, W., TEKA, G. & DORNY, P. 2009. Prevalence of bovine cysticercosis and hy- datidosis in Jimma municipal abattoir, South West Ethiopia.
    keywords: ababa; abattoir; addis; addis ababa; adobe; animals; bovine; cattle; countries; cysticerci; cysticercosis; cysts; d.vm; diaphragm; dorny; ethiopia; faculty; false; fertile; health; heart; hydatidosis; infected; infection; jimma; masseter; meat; medicine; municipal; muscle; neck; organs; parasitology; pdf; prevalence; public; saginata; sheep; shoulder; study; taenia; thesis; tongue; total; true; university; veterinary; veterinary medicine; west
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        item: #307 of 505
          id: ojvr-383
      author: None
       title: ojvr-383
        date: None
       words: 4021
      flesch: 33
     summary: So, the PFGE method was used to analyse the genetic diversity of H. parasuis isolates collected from South China and a computer analysis program was used to determine similarities between isolates, thereby providing a more objective assessment of clonality (in conjunction with epidemiologic data) that can be used to establish H. parasuis as the etiologic agent of animal disease in this region. After isolation of H. parasuis from the clinical specimens, the LAMP can be performed as a substitute for 16S rRNA PCR tests for bacterial identification, eliminating the need for time-consuming electrophoresis and costly specialised equipment, as well as reducing the time for the diagnosis of H. parasuis infection considerably.
    keywords: 16s; agricultural; amplification; bacterial; chain; china; clinical; detection; development; diagnosis; disease; dna; electrophoresis; et al; field; gel; gene; genotyping; haemophilus; haemophilus parasuis; infb; isolates; isolation; isothermal; isothermal amplification; journal; lamp; loop; method; microbiology; min; oliveira; parasuis; parasuis isolates; pcr; pfge; pigs; polymerase; positive; reaction; research; rrna; samples; serovar; south; south china; strains; study; test; university; veterinary
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        item: #308 of 505
          id: ojvr-384
      author: None
       title: ojvr-384
        date: None
       words: 8526
      flesch: 44
     summary: FIGURE 22: The temporal distribution of reported Rift Valley fever outbreaks in South Africa during the period 1950–2010. FIGURE 9: Districts affected by Rift Valley fever outbreaks in South Africa during 1976–1977.
    keywords: affected; africa; agriculture; alexander; animal; animal health; annual; annual report; april; areas; cape; cases; country; department; die; directorate; disease; districts; division; eastern; epidemic; february; fever; fever outbreaks; figure; free; grobbelaar; health; jaarverslag; january; journal; julie; july; june; karoo; laboratory; likely; lineage; location; march; monthly; natal; national; northern; occurrence; oie; orange; outbreaks; period; pretoria; region; report; reported; rift; rift valley; rvf; rvf outbreaks; season; services report; south; south africa; state; study; temporal; tot; valley; valley fever; vectors; veeartsenydiens; veterinary region; veterinary services; vir; virus; western
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        item: #309 of 505
          id: ojvr-388
      author: None
       title: ojvr-388
        date: None
       words: 5637
      flesch: 43
     summary: TABLE 2: Responses of heterophils and lymphocytes of ascorbic acid-treated (n = 10) and control (n = 10) ostriches to road transportation stress. These changes are important for on-the-spot evaluation of the health status and adaptability of animals to various stress factors, including transportation stress (Ayo, Oladele & Fayomi 2002; Minka & Ayo 2007a, 2007b, 2008; Warriss et al. 1993).
    keywords: 2007b; 2010; aberrant; acid; ahmadu; animal; ascorbic; ayo; base; behaviour; bello; birds; chicks; conditions; control; dry; effects; group; handling; heat; high; hot; hour; increase; j.o; journal; journey; kaduna; line; loading; minka; n.s; nigeria; ostriches; panting; pecking; period; physiological; present; procedures; pullets; ratio; rectal; responses; results; road; road transportation; science; season; similar; stewart; stress; study; temperature; thermal; transportation; transportation stress; university; values; vehicle; veterinary; water; welfare
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        item: #310 of 505
          id: ojvr-389
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: OJVR Volume 78, Number 1
        date: 2011-12-15
       words: 388
      flesch: 41
     summary: In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on www.ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all reviewers who participated in shaping this volume of Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research: Alan Guthrie Alan Walker Arthur Spickett Augustine Estrada-Pena Bruce Gummow Cattoli Giovanni Dmitry Apanaskevich Elizabeth Boomker Eva de Clerq Flip van Schalkwyk Francis Vercammen Francois Malan Fred Potgieter Graeme Cumming Ivan Horak Jackie Picard Jim McLachlan Johan Vorster Leon Prozesky
    keywords: alan; details; interest; journal; manuscript; onderstepoort; peer; process; publication; research; reviewer; veterinary
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        item: #311 of 505
          id: ojvr-39
      author: Crole, M.R.; Soley, J.T.
       title: Morphology of the tongue of the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae). I. Gross anatomical features and topography
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 8486
      flesch: 67
     summary: tongue body (Corpus linguae) Tongue structure in birds is highly variable and closely related to feeding (McLelland 1979), with the ratite tongue being described as a rudimen­ tary or vestigial organ adapted for rapid swallowing of large food items (Gadow 1879; Pycraft 1900; McLelland 1979; Bonga Tomlinson 2000).
    keywords: 1979; 1984; anatomical; anatomy; apex; apparatus; aspect; avian; bar; base; basihyale; bill; birds; body; bonga; bout; cassowary; caudal; ceratobranchiale; choana; comparative; crole; der; digestive; domestic; dorsal; dromaius; e d; e n; emu; emu tongue; faraggiana; features; feeding; fig; floor; food; frenulum; gardner; gross; gussekloo; harrison; heads; hyobranchial; information; j.t; jackowiak; journal; king; kiwi; laryngeal; lateral; length; lingual; lingual papillae; literature; london; ludwig; m e; m.r; macroscopic; margins; mclelland; morphology; n g; n o; n t; new; nickel; novaehollandiae; number; numerous; organ; oropharynx; ostrich; p o; paired; papillae; paraglossum; pigmented; projection; ratite tongue; ratites; rhea; right; root; rostral; shape; soley; species; specimens; structure; studies; study; surface; swallowing; system; table; tip; tivane; tomlinson; tongue; tongue body; tongue root; topography; triangular; u n; ventral; veterinary; view
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        item: #312 of 505
          id: ojvr-397
      author: None
       title: ojvr-397
        date: None
       words: 4056
      flesch: 55
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9975(92)90044-U Housawi, F., Abuelzein, E., Gameel, A. & Al Afaleq, A., 1993, ‘A close comparative study on the response of sheep and goats to experimental orf infection’, Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 40, 272–282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1993.tb00138.x Marklew, S., 1995, ‘Assessment of cell-culture grown on virus vaccines in sheep’, in M. Schwyzer (ed.), Immunology Viral Infections: Proceedings of the 3rd Congress European Society, Veterinary Virology, September 4–7, 1995, pp. Discussion Top ↑ Unlike other animal viral vaccines, which may confer full protection to the vaccinated animal, orf vaccines do not give 100% protection.
    keywords: abuelzein; arabia; authors; booster; cell; challenge; clinical; control; culture; day; dose; elisa; faisal; following; goats; groups; healing; housawi; infection; king; live; lsv; mean; months; mrt; orf; p20v; p75v; primary; reduction; results; saudi; scab; seed; sheep; study; table; time; types; university; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; values; vero; veterinary; virus
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        item: #313 of 505
          id: ojvr-4
      author: None
       title: ojvr-4
        date: None
       words: 2397
      flesch: 45
     summary: Article Information Authors: Etheresia Pretorius1 Ursula B. Windberger2 Hester M. Oberholzer1 Roland E. J. Auer3 Affiliations: 1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa 2Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University Vienna, Austria 3University of Pretoria Biomedical Research Centre, University of Pretoria, South Africa Correspondence to: Etheresia Pretorius email: resia.pretorius@up.ac.za Postal address: PO Box 2034, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Keywords dog; fibrin networks; Ischemic stroke; platelets; Scanning Electron Microscopy Dates: Received: 27 June 2010 Accepted: 21 Aug. 2010 Published: 05 Nov. 2010 How to cite this article: Pretorius, E., Windberger, U.B., Oberholzer, H.M. & Auer, R.E.J., 2010, ‘Comparative ultrastructure of fibrin networks of a dog after thrombotic ischaemic stroke’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 77(1): Art. ISSN: 2071-9736 (online) Comparative ultrastructure of fibrin networks of a dog after thrombotic ischaemic stroke In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and Methods    • Patient    • Streptokinase    • Samples    • Blood analysis    • Preparation of the blood sample to obtain a fibrin clot    • Preparation of the washed fibrin clot for scanning electron microscopy • Results    • Blood analysis    • Ultrastructural analysis • Discussion • Conclusion • Conflict oof interest statement • Acknowledgements • References Abstract (Back to top)
    keywords: africa; analysis; blood; catheter; clot; control; dog; dogs; electron; fibres; fibrin; fibrin networks; figure; ischaemic; ischaemic stroke; major; microscope; min; minor; morphology; networks; pregnancy; preparation; pretoria; pretorius; research; results; samples; south; streptokinase; stroke; thick; thin; thrombotic; treatment; ultrastructure; university
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        item: #314 of 505
          id: ojvr-40
      author: Inpankaew, T.; Jittapalapong, S.; Phasuk, J.; Pinyopanuwut, N.; Chimnoi, W.; Kengradomkit, C.; Sunanta, C; Zhang, G; Aboge, G.O.; Nishikawa, Y.; Igarashi, I.; Xuan, X.
       title: Seroprevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection of dairy cows in three northern provinces of Thailand determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant antigen CpP23
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 3327
      flesch: 49
     summary: A 23-kDa glycoprotein of C. parvum (CpP23) is a sporozoite surface protein that is geographically conserved among C. parvum isolates. A 23-kDa glycoprotein of C. parvum (CpP23) is a sporozoite surface protein that is geographically conserved among C. parvum isolates.
    keywords: adobe; age; antigen; c. parvum; cattle; chiang; chiang rai; cows; cpp23; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium parvum; dairy; dairy cows; determined; diarrhoea; diseases; elisa; false; gene; giardia; gst; humans; infected; infection; japan; journal; kimata; lumpang; mai; nguyen; northern; parasite; parasitology; parvum; parvum infection; pdf; protein; provinces; rai; recombinant; research; samples; sera; seroprevalence; study; thailand; true; veterinary; xuan
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        item: #315 of 505
          id: ojvr-400
      author: None
       title: ojvr-400
        date: None
       words: 6906
      flesch: 44
     summary: Any control programme should therefore aim to provide sufficient tick control to increase cattle productivity, whilst not reducing tick numbers to the extent that endemic stability is adversely affected. Tick infections were determined through direct microscopy after staining the tick salivary glands with Schiff’s (Fuelgen’s) reagent to identify infected acini.
    keywords: africa; age; anaplasma; animals; antibodies; antibody; areas; babesia; bigemina; blood; calf; calves; camps; case; cattle; central; challenge; characterisation; clinical; control; conversion; cross; diseases; distribution; eastern; ecf; ecological; endemic; epidemiological; equatoria; et al; figure; grazing; herdsmen; high; immunisation; infected; infection; information; kivaria; livestock; lymph; marginale; months; muguga; mutans; negative; norval; number; october; parasites; parva; perry; population; positive; practices; prevalence; results; risk; samples; sectional; september; sero; smears; south; south sudan; stability; states; study; sudan; survey; t. parva; table; tanzania; tbd; temperature; theileria; theileria parva; theileriosis; tick; total; veterinary; young
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        item: #316 of 505
          id: ojvr-402
      author: None
       title: ojvr-402
        date: None
       words: 4966
      flesch: 48
     summary: Dates: Received: 03 Jan. 2012 Accepted: 18 June 2013 Published: 30 Aug. 2013 How to cite this article: Stephen B., Hughes, S.B., Quan, M., Guthrie, A. & Schulman, M., 2013, ‘Development of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays to quantify insulin-like growth factor and insulin receptor expression in equine tissue’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 80(1), Art. Development of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays to quantify insulin-like growth factor and insulin receptor expression in equine tissue In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Sample collection    • RNA extraction    • Design of primers for amplification and sequencing of equine receptor mRNA    • IGF1R and INSR mRNA amplification and sequencing    • Quantitative two-step real-time RT-PCR    • Generation of IGF1R and INSR standard curves • Results    • Amplification and sequencing of equine IGF1R and INSR mRNA    • Quantitative two-step real-time RT-PCR    • IGF1R and INSR standard curves    • Application of quantitative real-time RT-PCR assays • Discussion • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    •
    keywords: acid; amplification; assays; cag; cell; chain; concentration; copies; development; dna; equation; equine; equine igf1r; exon; expression; factor; figure; gene; growth; growth factor; heart; high; hormone; human; igf1r; igf1r mrna; insr; insr mrna; insulin; insulin receptor; journal; junctions; kidney; kit; lifetech; like; like growth; liver; manufacturer; messenger; minutes; molecular; mrna; muscle; onderstepoort; pcr; polymerase; pretoria; primers; qiagen; quantitative; reaction; real; receptor; reproduction; research; reverse; ribonucleic; samples; science; sequence; sequencing; spleen; staden; standard; step; study; time; time rt; tissue; trace; transcription; university; usa; veterinary
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        item: #317 of 505
          id: ojvr-404
      author: None
       title: ojvr-404
        date: None
       words: 3765
      flesch: 48
     summary: References Top ↑ Buret, A.G., DenHollander, N., Wallis, P.M., Befus, D. & Olson, M.E., 1990, ‘Zoonotic potential of giardiasis in domestic ruminants’, Journal of Infectious Diseases 162, 231–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/162.1.231, PMid:2355197 Caccio, S.M., Thompson, R.C.A., McLauchlin, J. & Smith, H.V., 2005, ‘Unraveling Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology’, Trends in Parasitology 21, 430–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2005.06.013, PMid:16046184 Castro-Hermida, J.A., Delafosse, A., Pors, I., Ares-Mazás, E. & Chartier, C., 2005, ‘Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium parvum infections in adult goats and their implications for neonatal kids’, Veterinary Record 157, 623–627. infection, statistically significant differences were observed amongst the three units (p = 0.001), whereas no significant differences were observed for G. duodenalis infection (p = 0.13).
    keywords: age; analysis; animals; authors; boars; calves; clinical; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium spp; differences; duodenalis; et al; faecal; farms; fayer; giardia; groups; higher; infection; journal; olson; overall; parasites; parasitology; piggeries; piggery; piglets; pigs; present; prevalence; results; samples; significant; sows; spp; study; thompson; units; university; veterinary; weaners; xiao; zambia; zoonotic
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        item: #318 of 505
          id: ojvr-405
      author: None
       title: ojvr-405
        date: None
       words: 1616
      flesch: 55
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v78i1.243 Mans, B.J., De Klerk, D., Pienaar, R. & Latif, A.A., 2011, ‘Nuttalliella namaqua: a living fossil and closest relative to the ancestral tick lineage: implications for the evolution of blood-feeding in ticks’, PLoS ONE 6(8): e23675. 2011).Various papers on the role of murid rodents as hosts of immature ixodid ticks in South Africa have recently been published (Matthee et al. 2007; Matthee et al. 2010; Petney et al. 2004).
    keywords: africa; animals; authors; cape; genbank; horak; hosts; i.g; larvae; limpopo; matthee; murid; namaqua; namaquensis; northern; number; nuttalliella; pretoria; province; research; rodents; south; ticks; total; university
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        item: #319 of 505
          id: ojvr-407
      author: None
       title: ojvr-407
        date: None
       words: 7909
      flesch: 31
     summary: Selenium analysis processes have, however, traditionally posed several challenges because of the complex chemical properties of selenium. The use of basic quality-tools enabled the analysis of the primary process data, or P-criteria. FIGURE 1: Ishikawa root cause analysis diagram. FIGURE 2: Pareto chart – Pareto analysis: Selenium analysis process.
    keywords: accuracy; analysis; analysis process; analytical; approach; associated; authors; calculated; calibration; capability; capable; cape; cause; chemistry; confidence; control; criteria; crm; current; data; design; detection; digestion; effects; error; experiment; failure; figure; fmea; following; hypothesis; improved; improvement; key; laboratory; lean; management; map; means; measure; method; methodology; microwave; modification; modified; objective; open; order; performance; phase; practical; precision; problems; procedure; process; process capability; process improvement; process results; processes; quality; quality improvement; regression; reliability; research; results; root; sample; scientific; selenium; selenium analysis; sigma; significant; standard; state; state selenium; statistical; steps; systematic; table; terms; testing; time; tools; total; uncertainty; value; variable; variation; wcpvl; yield
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        item: #320 of 505
          id: ojvr-409
      author: None
       title: ojvr-409
        date: None
       words: 4782
      flesch: 42
     summary: References Top ↑ Abolnik, C., Horner, R.F., Bisschop, S.P.R., Parker, M.E., Romito, M. & Viljoen, G.J.V., 2004, ‘A phylogenetic study of South African Newcastle disease viruses isolated between 1990 and 2002 suggests epidemiological origins in the Far East’, Archives of Virology 149, 603–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0218-2, PMid:14991446 Aldous, E.W., Mynn, J.K., Banks, J. & Alexander, D.J., 2003, ‘A molecular epidemiological study of avian paramyxovirus type 1 (Newcastle disease virus) isolates by phylogenetic analysis of a partial nucleotide sequence of the fusion protein gene’, Avian Pathology 32, 239–256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/030794503100009783, PMid:12850913 Alexander, D.J., 1991, ‘Newcastle disease virus and other avian Paramyxovirus’, in B.N. Calner, H.J. Barnery, C.W. Beard, M.W. Reid & W.H. Yordey (eds.), Diseases of poultry, 19th edn., pp. Article Information Authors: Raul Fringe1,2 Anna-Mari Bosman2 Karen Ebersohn2 Shahn Bisschop3,4 Celia Abolnik4,5 Estelle Venter2 Affiliations: 1Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Mozambique 2Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa 3Avimune, Pretoria, South Africa 4Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa 5Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Correspondence to: Estelle Venter Postal address: Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa Dates: Received: 02 Feb. 2012 Accepted: 18 Apr. 2012 Published: 31 Aug. 2012 How to cite this article: Fringe, R., Bosman, A.-M., Ebersohn, K., Bisschop, S., Abolnik, C. & Venter, E., 2012, ‘Molecular characterisation of Newcastle disease virus isolates from different geographical regions in Mozambique in 2005’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(1), Art.
    keywords: acid; africa; alexander; analysis; australia; avian; characterisation; chickens; collected; d.j; data; different; disease; disease virus; district; et al; figure; fusion; genbank; genotypes; geographical; group; herczeg; institute; isolates; isolation; journal; lineage; molecular; mozambique; national; ndv; nei; newcastle; newcastle disease; nucleic; nucleotide; oie; outbreaks; paramyxovirus; pcr; phylogenetic; poultry; pretoria; protein; province; region; research; responsible; results; rna; samples; sequences; software; south; southern; staden; strains; study; university; vaccine; version; veterinary; viib; virology; virus; viruses; worldwide
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        item: #321 of 505
          id: ojvr-41
      author: None
       title: ojvr-41
        date: None
       words: 6278
      flesch: 54
     summary: The study sites at Skukuza and Nhlowa Road and the associated climate, methods of tick collection and statistical analyses have been described in detail by Horak et al. (2011). Population dynamics of the four major tick species have been discussed in earlier publications (Horak et al. 2011; Spickett et al. 2011).
    keywords: a.m.; adults; africa; animals; annual; braack; collections; domestic; elliptica; et al; evertsi; figure; grassland; gullies; habitat; horak; horak et; hosts; i.g; immature; journal; knp; landscape; large; larvae; marmoreum; mean; national; nhlowa; nhlowa road; numbers; onderstepoort; parasites; period; populations; questing; rainfall; research; rhipicephalus; road; seasonal; significant; simus; sites; skukuza; south; species; spickett; stages; strips; table; ticks; turanicus; vegetation; veterinary; wild; woodland; years
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        item: #322 of 505
          id: ojvr-410
      author: None
       title: ojvr-410
        date: None
       words: 4565
      flesch: 56
     summary: FIGURE 1: Light microscope projection drawings of three types of strigea cercariae shed by Lymnaea natalensis and Bulinus tropicus, (a) head and (b) forked-tail of strigea cercaria A, (c) head and (d) forked tail of strigea cercaria B and (e) head and (f) forked tail of strigea cercaria C. In all cases, 20 specimens were measured, with all measurements given in micrometres (µm) and with minimum and maximum values indicated along with the mean value and standard deviation in parenthesis.
    keywords: acetabulum; africa; anterior; body; caudal; cercaria; cilia; dam; electron; end; figure; fish; flame; freshwater; gauteng; glands; host; intestinal; king; limpopo; long; micrographs; natalensis; north; oral; pairs; penetration; pharynx; posterior; province; rami; receptors; sensory; snails; south; species; spines; stem; strigea; sucker; tail; tropicus; types; university; van; west
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        item: #323 of 505
          id: ojvr-417
      author: None
       title: ojvr-417
        date: None
       words: 4447
      flesch: 43
     summary: Article Information Authors: Calvin Gomo1,2 Shuvai Musari2 Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky3,4 Alexandre Caron3,4 Davies M. Pfukenyi5 Henriette van Heerden1 Affiliations: 1Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa 2Central Veterinary Laboratory, Harare, Zimbabwe 3CIRAD, UPR AGIR, Department Environment and Societies, Harare, Zimbabwe 4CIRAD, UPR AGIR, Department Environment and Societies, Montpellier, France 5Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Correspondence to: Henriette van Heerden Postal address: Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa Dates: Received: 17 Feb. 2012 Accepted: 03 Oct. 2012 Published: 07 Dec. 2012 How to cite this article: Gomo, C., Musari, S., De Garine-Wichatitsky, M., Caron, A., Pfukenyi, D.M. & Van Heerden, H., 2012, ‘Detection of Brucella abortus in Chiredzi district in Zimbabwe’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(1), Art. #417, 5 pages. Detection of Brucella abortus in Chiredzi district in Zimbabwe
    keywords: abortion; abortus; amos; animals; areas; assay; b. abortus; bccn; blood; bricker; brucella; brucella abortus; brucellosis; cattle; chain; chiredzi; communal; cows; cultures; culturing; days; district; et al; gnp; gomo; halling; history; human; identification; infected; infection; isolates; isolation; journal; malipati; matope; melitensis; microbiology; milk; multiplex; national; pcr; pesvi; polymerase; rbt; reaction; research; results; ruiz; samples; serological; seropositive; seroprevalence; species; study; tests; university; veterinary; wildlife; zimbabwe
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        item: #324 of 505
          id: ojvr-42
      author: Hasle, G.; Horak, I.G.; Grieve, G.; Leinaas, H.P.; Clarke, F.
       title: Ticks collected from birds in the northern provinces of South Africa, 2004-2006
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 5522
      flesch: 58
     summary: CONCLUSION Birds that feed on the ground are predisposed to tick infestation, but there are also considerable dif- ferences among tick species in their predisposition and ability to infest birds. Unlike other tick species, of which the immature stages tend to infest mainly larger birds, H. rufipes is found on passerines (Cumming 1998) as well as on larger species such as Crested Francolin and Helmeted Guineafowl (Horak et al. 1991b; Uys and Horak 2005).
    keywords: 1998; 2004–2006; adobe; adult; africa; altitudinal; amblyomma; animals; apanaskevich; birds; black; breasted; cape; chat; cisticola; common; distribution; domestic; et al; false; fourie; ground; group; haemaphysalis; hasle; hebraeum; hockey; hoogstraal; horak; horak et; hosts; humans; hyalomma; i.g; immature; important; infest; ixodes; journal; large; larvae; local; marmoreum; migrant; migration; niekerk; nomadic; northern; nymphs; onderstepoort; parasites; passerines; pathogens; pretoria; provinces; quelea; range; red; research; resident; rhipicephalus; robin; rufipes; season; sedentary; small; south; south africa; southern; species; stages; study; table; tick species; ticks; trees; true; university; uys; van; veterinary; walker; weaver; wild; williams
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        item: #325 of 505
          id: ojvr-422
      author: None
       title: ojvr-422
        date: None
       words: 7409
      flesch: 29
     summary: In this regard, the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), for example, have an epidemiology division whose mandate is contained in the Animal Diseases Act (Act No. 35 of 1984) (as amended) (South African Government 1984) and its main functions include (Ungerer 2008):• developing, analysing and auditing policies for the surveillance of animal diseases and diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans • developing, analysing and auditing policies on disease reporting in the different provinces of South Africa • conducting risk assessments at a national level • acting as contact point for communicating risk and the occurrence of animal diseases in South Africa to foreign governments and international bodies • managing animal disease information and reporting thereof to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the African Union (AU) • managing of animal disease information by using a Geographic Information System • managing of animal disease early warning systems (SADC, nationally and internationally) • ensuring that there are adequate government veterinary laboratory services at provincial level and elsewhere, for example in the Kruger National Park, and by working in collaboration with the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute of the Agricultural Research Council • enforcement of quality systems in diagnostic veterinary laboratories • auditing the enforcement of policy for reference laboratories. The following two tables provide non-exhaustive summaries of existing legislation in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe on the control of animal diseases and zoonosis (Table 1) and trade in meat and meat products (Table 2).
    keywords: africa; agricultural; angola; animal; animal diseases; animal health; associated; bekker; bengis; botswana; bovis; brucellosis; center; college; control; countries; cross; daszak; diseases; domestic; et al; example; fao; farmers; farming; food; game; game meat; gortázar; group; health; host; http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu; http://www.oie.int; human; important; increase; industry; infectious; infectious diseases; information; international; iowa; journal; june; livestock; management; meat; medicine; meeting; michel; mycobacterium; namibia; new; office; oie; onderstepoort; organization; outbreak; park; populations; pretoria; products; province; public; related; report; research; review; rinderpest; risk; role; safety; security; slaughter; south; south africa; southern; species; spreading; state; study; summary; surveillance; systems; table; technology; trade; tuberculosis; university; veterinarians; veterinary; wildlife; wildlife diseases; world; zimbabwe; zoonotic; zoonotic diseases
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        item: #326 of 505
          id: ojvr-43
      author: Elghali, A.; Hassan, S.M.
       title: Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Northern Sudan
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 6652
      flesch: 69
     summary: f TABLE 8 Correlation analysis between ticks collected from camels with monthly meteorological values in 2000–2001 in River Nile State Year Met. data H. nymphs H. d. H. i. H. a. a. Hyalomma dromedarii was found to be the predominant (89 %) tick species infesting the camels.
    keywords: .1 b; acari; adobe; adult; anatolicum; animal; area; atbara; brown; camels; coat; colour; diab; differences; dromedarii; e b; fact; false; feeding; female; grey; h. a.; hassan; hoogstraal; hosts; hyalomma; impeltatum; infestation; infesting; ixodidae; m b; males; mean; monthly; nile; northern; numbers; nymphs; preferred; ratio; rhipicephalus; river; rufipes; s.m; sanguineus; significant; species; study; sudan; table; tail; ticks; total; true; truncatum; year
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        item: #327 of 505
          id: ojvr-431
      author: None
       title: ojvr-431
        date: None
       words: 4996
      flesch: 48
     summary: Tatchell (1983) stated that Hy. rufipes, R. evertsi evertsi and R. (B.) decoloratus were ubiquitous in their distribution along the Blue Nile, whilst the distribution of Hy. anatolicum was restricted to north of Wad Medani. During 1979 to 1982, the immature stages of A. lepidum, Hy. anatolicum and R. evertsi evertsi were found feeding on cattle and sheep and immature A. variegatum specimens were collected from cattle (Latif 1985).
    keywords: a. lepidum; amblyomma; anatolicum; animal; annulatus; area; blue; cattle; central; darfour; decoloratus; department; diseases; distribution; dromedarii; eastern; evertsi evertsi; group; hassan; hoogstraal; hyalomma; impeltatum; ixodidae; journal; khartoum; lepidum; localities; mvsc; nile; north; northern; osman; parasitology; r. evertsi; r. praetextatus; r. sanguineus; research; rhipicephalus; rufipes; sheep; south; southern; species; state; studies; sudan; thesis; ticks; truncatum; university; variegatum; veterinary
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        item: #328 of 505
          id: ojvr-436
      author: None
       title: ojvr-436
        date: None
       words: 3492
      flesch: 43
     summary: Further studies are necessary to clarify the tendency of coenuri to occur in the subcutaneous tissues, skeletal muscles and visceral organs of goats. Shivapraksh and Thimma Reddy (2009) reported an outbreak of multiple subcutaneous coenuri in a herd of goats.
    keywords: area; authors; bahonar; brain; cells; cerebralis; cerebrum; chauhan; clinical; coenuri; coenurosis; coenurus; different; figure; findings; gaigeri; goats; infected; iran; journal; kerman; lobe; lung; multiceps; muscles; neck; occurrence; organs; oryan; parasitology; pathological; pathology; predilection; present; prevalence; research; shahid; sharma; sheep; single; sites; skeletal; soulsby; south; species; spring; study; subcutaneous; summer; taenia; tissues; tongue; university; verster; veterinary
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        item: #329 of 505
          id: ojvr-437
      author: None
       title: ojvr-437
        date: None
       words: 3117
      flesch: 54
     summary: The results indicate that a large number of tick species, of which the adults may infest cattle and/or buffaloes, are present in the Tsavo Conservation Area. Tick identification and counting were done using a stereoscopic microscope.
    keywords: africa; amblyomma; animals; area; attachment; buffaloes; cattle; collections; conservation; diseases; east; horak; hyalomma; i.g; identification; ixodid; journal; kenya; locality; lower; onderstepoort; perineum; praetextatus; present; records; research; rhipicephalus; sites; south; species; study; tail; ticks; tsavo; university; upper; veterinary; walker
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        item: #330 of 505
          id: ojvr-44
      author: Olivier, P.A.S.; Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.; Saayman, J.E.
       title: Report on some monogenean and clinostomid infestations of freshwater fish and waterbird hosts in Middle Letaba Dam, Limpopo Province, South Africa
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 8019
      flesch: 50
     summary: For con- sistency, name changes of hosts since the begin- ning of this study are incorporated, following that of Skelton (2001) for fish hosts and Hockey, Dean & Ryan (2005) for bird hosts. The dem- onstration of high host specificity (O. mossambicus as intermediate fish host and the darter, Anhinga rufa (Daudin), as definitive avian host) for N. inter- medialis (Mokgalong 1996) further supports the view of considering C. tilapiae sampled from gill chambers of O. mossambicus, as a junior synonym of N. intermedialis.
    keywords: 1–21; adobe; africa; area; barbus; birds; boulenger; catchment; cichlidogyrus; clarias; clinostomid; complanatum; dactylogyrus; dam; data; definitive; development; different; distribution; false; fish; freshwater; gariepinus; genus; heterostomum; hosts; infestation; infestation intensity; infestation mean; infestation number; infested; intensity; intermedialis; j.e; journal; khalil; labeo; length; letaba; letaba dam; limpopo; linnaeus; luus; macrogyrodactylus; mashego; mean; mean intensity; middle; middle letaba; mokgalong; monogenean; mossambicus; neutraclinostomum; new; number; nwanedzi; olivier; oreochromis; p.a.s; paperna; parasites; parasitological; peters; philander; polling; powell; present; pretoria; prevalence; price; province; quadriacanthus; records; report; research; results; river; rudolphi; rufa; saayman; seasonal; south; south africa; species; study; summer; survey; systems; table; thurston; tilapiae; total; true; unidentified; university; values; van; w.j; waterbird; weber; winter
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        item: #331 of 505
          id: ojvr-448
      author: None
       title: ojvr-448
        date: None
       words: 2861
      flesch: 40
     summary: There is no vaccination against animal brucellosis in Eritrea, and thus all samples were from unvaccinated animals. 1Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’, Teramo, Italy2Veterinary Services, Asmara, Eritrea 3National Animal and Plant Health Laboratory, Asmara, Eritrea Correspondence to: Fabrizio de Massis Postal address: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy Dates: Received: 08 June 2012 Accepted: 27 Mar. 2013 Published: 23 Apr. 2013 How to cite this article: Scacchia, M., Di Provvido, A., Ippoliti, C., Kefle, U., Sebhatu, T.T., D’Angelo, A. & De Massis, F., 2013, ‘Prevalence of brucellosis in dairy cattle from the main dairy farming regions of Eritrea’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 80(1), 4 pages.
    keywords: animals; antibodies; asmara; barka; brucella; brucellosis; caporale; cattle; dairy; debub; del; disease; distribution; eradication; eritrea; farms; figure; gash; health; istituto; level; low; maekel; molise; omer; percentage; positive; regional; regions; results; seroprevalence; sperimentale; study; sub; test; veterinary; zooprofilattico
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        item: #332 of 505
          id: ojvr-449
      author: None
       title: ojvr-449
        date: None
       words: 1046
      flesch: 35
     summary: The above considerations propelled academic and research institutions involved with infectious diseases of humans and animals (domesticated or wild, terrestrial or aquatic) in southern Africa to form the SACIDS (http:// www.sacids.org), with the vision of: A Southern African society protected from devastating infectious diseases affecting the health of humans, animals, i.e. both terrestrial and aquatic, and plants, i.e. crop, forest and ornamental, thereby promoting livelihoods, socio-economic development including market access and the environment. It is against this background that African experts in infectious diseases of humans, animals and plants advocated in 2005 a Pan-African Vision for Infectious Disease Management as: A Pan-African concerted effort, shared by AU member governments, reflecting the needs of African society and supported by the international community, with the goal of a society protected from the ravages of dangerous infectious diseases that compromise either human health or livelihoods and agriculture and economic development.
    keywords: access; african; agriculture; animals; centre; development; diseases; economic; environment; focus; health; humans; infectious; national; research; sacids; socio; southern; surveillance; vision
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        item: #333 of 505
          id: ojvr-450
      author: None
       title: ojvr-450
        date: None
       words: 2194
      flesch: 48
     summary: Efforts to respond to food insecurity, food safety and food trade challenges have addressed all four dimensions of food security namely, availability, access, utilisation and stability. One Health thinking, outcomes, policies, action and research are important for: • increasing the number of people who enjoy food security − who have stable access to nutritious foods for their needs • ensuring bio-secure and ecologically sustainable production of safe food for people to eat • encouraging accessible local markets and fair international trade in agricultural products.
    keywords: access; action; agriculture; animal; communities; different; disease; economic; emergence; farmers; food; health; human; increase; international; livelihoods; livestock; multi; need; nutrition; organisations; people; production; products; professionals; results; risk; security; thinking; trade; work; working; world
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        item: #334 of 505
          id: ojvr-451
      author: None
       title: ojvr-451
        date: None
       words: 7306
      flesch: 46
     summary: Ebola virus outbreaks in Africa: In the present review we report important features related to Ebola outbreaks in Africa based on previous findings and own observations during major outbreaks that occurred on the continent.
    keywords: activities; africa; animal; antibodies; bats; blood; care; cases; cfr; chimpanzees; clinical; community; congo; contact; control; côte; dead; deaths; democratic; detection; disease; drc; d’ivoire; early; ebola; ebola haemorrhagic; ebola outbreak; ebola virus; ecology; ehf; epidemic; et al; fatality; feldmann; fever; figure; forest; formenty; fruit; gabon; guenno; haemorrhagic; haemorrhagic fever; health; high; hospital; human; index; infected; infection; institute; international; isolated; isolation; j.m; journal; kikwit; kinshasa; laboratory; leroy; major; marburg; measures; medical; national; natural; nature; new; nhp; non; nosocomial; outbreak; pathogens; patient; phase; primates; republic; reservoir; risk; scientific; source; species; specimens; studies; sudan; supplement; team; towner; transmission; tropical; uganda; unknown; viral; virus; viruses; workers; yambuku; year; zaire; zebov
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        item: #335 of 505
          id: ojvr-453
      author: None
       title: ojvr-453
        date: None
       words: 4400
      flesch: 31
     summary: High population densities and frequent translocation of African buffaloes between private game properties for commercial gain are contributing to cumulative risk of African buffalo to contract or transmit livestock diseases. The African buffalo: A villain for inter-species spread of infectious diseases in southern Africa In This Proceeding... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction    • Status of African buffaloes    • Infectious diseases transmitted by African buffaloes    • Factors related to African buffaloes in disease transmission    • Factors related to the pathogen    • Factors related to the environment    • Impact of infectious diseases on African buffaloes and their environment    • Diagnosis and control of infectious diseases in African buffaloes • Conclusion • References Abstract Top ↑ The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a large wild bovid which until recently ranged across all but the driest parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and their local range being limited to about 20 km from surface water.
    keywords: a.l; african; african buffaloes; alien; animal; anthrax; areas; bengis; bovine; bovis; brucellosis; buffaloes; caffer; cattle; certain; conservation; development; diseases; ecology; environment; epidemiology; et al; factors; fever; fmd; game; health; high; host; important; indigenous; infected; infectious; infectious diseases; interface; journal; large; level; livestock; livestock diseases; long; maintenance; michel; mycobacterium; national; pathogen; population; r.g; range; research; rift; rinderpest; risk; role; south; southern; species; syncerus; tests; threat; time; transmission; tuberculosis; university; valley; veterinary; virus; wildlife
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        item: #336 of 505
          id: ojvr-454
      author: None
       title: ojvr-454
        date: None
       words: 4726
      flesch: 34
     summary: Respondents were asked to specify frequency of collection and submission of disease surveillance reports, diseases reported and constraints and challenges faced during disease surveillance in animal and human health sectors. The emergence of innovative and appropriate technologies, approaches and tools for participatory epidemiology and disease surveillance (Hussain et al. 2005; Jost et al. 2007), such as the use of mobile technologies (Aanensen et al. 2009; Despont-Gros et al. 2005) is likely to mean that infectious disease surveillance can be improved in future.
    keywords: africa; analysis; animal; animal health; approach; areas; baseline; basin; centre; college; community; current; data; disease; disease surveillance; district; ecosystem; events; facilities; field; headquarters; health; health facilities; health sectors; health surveillance; human; human health; idsr; infectious; infectious disease; management; medical; ministry; mobile; ngorongoro; participatory; performance; populations; project; public; remote; reporting; reports; research; resources; responsible; river; sacids; sectors; sites; southern; strategy; study; surveillance; surveillance strategy; systems; tanzania; technologies; timely; use; veterinary; wards; zambezi
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        item: #337 of 505
          id: ojvr-455
      author: None
       title: ojvr-455
        date: None
       words: 2516
      flesch: 27
     summary: Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System and Pathogen Asset Control System Article Information Authors: Tom G. Wahl1 Aleksey V. Burdakov1 Andrey O. Oukharov1 Azamat K. Zhilokov1 Affiliations: 1Black and Veatch, MosAlarko Plaza One, Moscow, Russia Correspondence to: Tom Wahl Postal address: Black and Veatch, MosAlarko Plaza One, 16 Marksistskaya St., Moscow 109147, Russia How to cite this proceeding: Wahl, T.G., Burdakov, A.V., Oukharov, A.O. & Zhilokov, A.K., 2012, ‘Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System and Pathogen Asset Control System’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art.
    keywords: access; analysis; approach; asset; biological; case; clinical; comprehensive; control; dangerous; data; definitions; detection; different; disease; disease surveillance; eidss; electronic; figure; health; human; information; international; kazakhstan; laboratories; laboratory; methods; module; pacs; pathogen; reporting; reports; results; solution; specific; surveillance; surveillance system; system; technology; tests; tracking; veterinary; web
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        item: #338 of 505
          id: ojvr-456
      author: None
       title: ojvr-456
        date: None
       words: 5519
      flesch: 36
     summary: PMid:19678569 Madi, M., Hamilton, A., Squirrell, D., Mioulet, V., Evans, P., Lee, M. et al., 2011, ‘Rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus using a field-portable nucleic acid extraction and real-time PCR amplification platform’, Veterinary Journal (submitted). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01236-06, PMid:16971422 Cottam, E.M., Wadsworth, J., Shaw, A.E., Rowlands, R.J., Goatley, L., Maan, S. et al., 2008a, ‘Transmission pathways of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the United Kingdom in 2007’, PloS Pathogens 4, e1000050.
    keywords: acid; addition; africa; alexandersen; amplification; animals; antibody; approaches; assays; cell; chain; clinical; control; cottam; countries; d.j; d.p; data; detection; development; diagnostic; disease; disease virus; endemic; epidemiology; equipment; et al; ferris; field; fmdv; foot; formats; genome; important; infectious; isothermal; journal; king; laboratories; laboratory; lamp; lfd; livestock; loop; methods; molecular; mouth; mouth disease; n.p; new; nucleic; paton; pcr; polymerase; potential; present; rapid; reaction; real; regions; reid; reverse; review; rrt; s.m; saharan; samples; sequence; sequencing; serotypes; simple; specific; strains; sub; technologies; tests; time; transcription; transmission; use; veterinary; viral; virological; virus
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        item: #339 of 505
          id: ojvr-457
      author: None
       title: ojvr-457
        date: None
       words: 4850
      flesch: 45
     summary: al., 2009, ‘Peste des petits ruminants virus in Tibet, China’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1502.080817, PMid:19193278 Waret-Szkuta, A., Roger, F., Chavernac, D., Yigezu, L., Libeau, G., Pfeiffer, D.U. et al., 2008, ‘Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Ethiopia: analysis of a national serological survey’, BMC Veterinary Research 4, viewed 16 January 2011, from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/4/34 Misbah, A., Muhammad, A., Rehana, A., Shamim, S. & Qurban, A., 2009, ‘Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in Mardan, Hangu and Kohat District of Pakistan; Comparative analysis of PPRV suspected serum samples using competitive ELISA (cELISA) and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID)’, Veterinary World 2, 89–92. Muhammad, A., Syed, M.J., Muhammad, J.A., Manzoor, H. & Qurban, A., 2009, ‘Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection: Its association with species, seasonal variations and geography’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 41, 1197–1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-008-9300-9, PMid:19130284 Nussieba, A.O., Ali, A.S., Mahasin, E.A.R. & Fadol, M.A., 2009, ‘Antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats in Sudan’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 41, 1449–1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9333-8, PMid:19798772 Obi, T.U., Rowe, L.W. & Taylor, W.P., 1984, ‘Serological studies with Peste des petits ruminants and Rinderpest viruses in Nigeria’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 16, 115–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02239855, PMid:6485096 Obidike, R.I., Ezeibe, M.C.O., Omeje, J.T.N. & Ugwuomarima, K.G., 2006, ‘Incidence of peste de petits ruminants in farm and market goats in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria’, Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 54, 148–150.
    keywords: affected; analysis; animal; area; cases; clinical; collection; competitive; current; data; des; disease; distribution; district; elisa; et al; factors; farmers; figure; findings; flock; goats; health; high; infection; introduction; investigation; livestock; local; management; market; microbiology; mtwara; newala; outbreak; peste; petits; ppr; pprv; presence; production; proportions; respondents; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; serological; seroprevalence; serum; services; sheep; sick; signs; singh; small; source; southern; southern tanzania; spread; statistical; study; swai; table; tandahimba; tanzania; tropical; veterinary; villages; virus
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        item: #340 of 505
          id: ojvr-458
      author: None
       title: ojvr-458
        date: None
       words: 2407
      flesch: 31
     summary: A successful example of interdisciplinary collaboration from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine is that of the Gates Malaria Partnership (n.d.) and its successor, the Malaria Capacity Development Consortium (n.d.), funded by both the Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust.
    keywords: african; animal; approach; capacity; centre; coker; common; consortium; cooperation; countries; development; different; disciplines; disease; european; example; gates; health; human; hygiene; infectious; initiative; institutions; international; london; malaria; medicine; n.d; new; order; partnership; research; school; surveillance; teaching; tropical; tuberculosis; use; vaccine; veterinary; work
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        item: #341 of 505
          id: ojvr-459
      author: None
       title: ojvr-459
        date: None
       words: 2755
      flesch: 38
     summary: Article Information Author: Joe Brownlie1 Affiliation: 1Royal Veterinary College, United Kingdom, England Correspondence to: Joe Brownlie Postal address: Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, United Kingdom How to cite this proceeding: Brownie, J., 2012, ‘A foresight vision for infectious diseases in Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research79(2), Art. A foresight vision for infectious diseases in Africa In This Proceeding... Open Access • Introduction •
    keywords: african; better; brownlie; capability; centre; control; countries; data; detection; development; diseases; effective; foresight; future; global; health; infectious; infectious diseases; influenza; international; livestock; london; needs; new; number; project; proposal; risks; rweyemamu; sacids; saharan; science; southern; southern african; sub; surveillance; systems; technologies; trust; tuberculosis; united; use; veterinary; vision; wellcome; world; years
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        item: #342 of 505
          id: ojvr-46
      author: Masgoret, M.S.; Botha, C.J.; Myburgh, J.G.; Naude, T.W.; Prozesky, L.; Naidoo, V.; van Wyk, J.H.; Pool, E.J.; Swan, G.E.
       title: Molasses as a possible cause of an ''endocrine disruptive syndrome'' in calves
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 11621
      flesch: 60
     summary: After incubation of molasses samples with human blood, the supernatants were assayed for IL-6 con- centrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molasses screening tests Molasses syrup samples from four different sugar mills were collected.
    keywords: abortus; activity; adobe; africa; analyses; animals; assay; average; batches; blood; brucella; calf; calves; cane; cattle; cause; clinical; colborn; commencement; compounds; concentrations; control; control group; count; culture; day; days; department; deviation; diarrhoea; differences; different; disruptive; edcs; effects; endocrine; environmental; experimental; experimental groups; faculty; false; farmers; feeding; feeding trial; fig; g/100; gain; group; health; high; hormone; igg; immune; immunosuppressive; journal; laboratory; levels; liver; lower; m.s; masgoret; mass; mean; mill; mineral; molasses; months; n ±; negative; new; normal; parameters; pathology; pool; pretoria; production; products; range; reproductive; research; results; samples; science; screening; serum; significant; skin; south; standard; statistical; stellenbosch; study; sugar; syndrome; table; test; testosterone; thyroid; titres; trial; true; university; usa; van; veterinary; vitro; water; week; weekly; ± sd
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        item: #343 of 505
          id: ojvr-460
      author: None
       title: ojvr-460
        date: None
       words: 5655
      flesch: 32
     summary: As part of efforts to answer this question, the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS) smart partnership of human health, animal health and socio-economic experts published, in April 2011, a conceptual framework to support One Health research for policy on emerging zoonoses. As part of an effort to generate evidence to inform policy development for re-examining how existing health systems are structured, resourced, and managed to create synergies between animal and human health, and in the process to reduce the effect of zoonotic disease burdens, the SACIDS smart partnership of human health, animal health and socio-economic experts published, in April 2011, a conceptual framework to support one-health research for policy on emerging zoonoses (Coker et al. 2011).
    keywords: african; animal; animal health; approaches; bank; behaviour; burden; care; collaboration; control; cost; current; determinants; development; disease; economic; example; factors; fao; figure; framework; health; health care; health policy; health services; human health; humans; indicators; infectious; infectious diseases; interactions; international; linkage; literature; livestock; medical; model; monetary; mortality; natural; number; occurrence; order; pathogens; people; policies; policy; poverty; practice; press; production; public; report; research; rushton; sciences; services; social; socio; species; spread; systems; tanzania; theories; theory; university; veterinary; view; wild; wildlife; world; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #344 of 505
          id: ojvr-461
      author: None
       title: ojvr-461
        date: None
       words: 3904
      flesch: 44
     summary: Roth, F., Zinsstag, J., Orkhon, D., Chimed-Ochir, G., Hutton, G., Cosivi, O. et al., 2003, ‘Human health benefits from livestock vaccination for brucellosis: case study’, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 81, 867–876. Rushton, J., 2009, The economics of animal health & production, CAB International, Wallingford (UK) & Cambridge (USA). What was not anticipated were the growing problems with the control of transboundary animal diseases and more specifically the resurgence of zoonotic diseases (Greger 2007).
    keywords: agriculture; animal; animal health; approach; areas; benefits; case; chains; changes; control; costs; different; diseases; economic; emergence; environment; figure; food; general; greater; haan; health; human; human health; impact; infectious; issues; livestock; management; need; organisation; pathogens; people; populations; problems; production; questions; research; resources; responses; revolution; rushton; services; skills; specific; strong; systems; terms; united; usa; use; value; work; world; zoonotic
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        item: #345 of 505
          id: ojvr-462
      author: None
       title: ojvr-462
        date: None
       words: 3762
      flesch: 46
     summary: Despite the fact that FMD is endemic in Tanzania, only limited studies have been conducted to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of FMD outbreaks (Picado et al. 2010) and FMDV serotypes in the country (Rweyemamu & Loretu 1972; Swai et al. 2009). Therefore, the aim of this current study was to use routine laboratory diagnostic methods to establish the spatial and temporal distribution of FMDV serotypes in different regions of Tanzania.
    keywords: africa; analysis; animal; antigen; areas; asia; central; control; country; different; disease; distribution; eastern; et al; figure; findings; fmd; fmdv; fmdv serotypes; foot; geographic; laboratory; livestock; loretu; mouth; mouth disease; northern; outbreaks; pool; regions; rweyemamu; samples; sat; serotypes; southern; spread; strains; studies; study; surveillance; swai; table; tanzania; veterinary; virus; viruses; vosloo; zone
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        item: #346 of 505
          id: ojvr-463
      author: None
       title: ojvr-463
        date: None
       words: 7450
      flesch: 36
     summary: Although the occurrence of M. bovis in humans is relatively minor compared to the burden from M. tuberculosis as far as we know, there is concern that the HIV and AIDS pandemic may have magnified this risk. Based on this premise, M. bovis may present either as pulmonary TB (47%) or extrapulmonary cases (53%), whereas M. tuberculosis presents as 82% pulmonary and 18% extrapulmonary cases (Owendidactic.org, n.d.).
    keywords: african; animals; areas; arusha; atypical; authors; bovine; bovine tuberculosis; bovis; bovis infection; c.j; cases; cattle; clinical; collins; communities; contact; contribution; control; cosivi; countries; critical; daborn; different; disease; durnez; eradication; et al; etter; extensive; extra; factors; farming; health; high; hiv; human; human tuberculosis; husbandry; hygiene; importance; infected; infection; intensive; isolates; j.m; journal; kazwala; kazwala et; lack; livestock; m. bovis; management; manuscript; meat; medicine; mfinanga; mfinanga et; microbiology; milk; molecular; morogoro; mycobacterium; mycobacterium bovis; mycobacterium tuberculosis; national; pastoral; population; positive; practices; presence; prevalence; production; proportion; public; pulmonary; r.r; raw; region; research; review; risk; sharp; shirima; southern; species; study; systems; tanzania; transmission; tropical; tuberculosis; tuberculosis control; university; veterinary; wildlife; world; zoonotic
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        item: #347 of 505
          id: ojvr-464
      author: None
       title: ojvr-464
        date: None
       words: 466
      flesch: 41
     summary: The findings, identifies a natural reservoir of Y. pestis in Zambia providing the public health officials with a definite host for the control strategy. Therefore surveillance is the ultimate public health solution through plague detection in domestic dogs, other carnivores and wild rodents.
    keywords: a.s; agar; area; endemic; gene; health; identification; pestis; plague; reservoir; rodents; university; zambia
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        item: #348 of 505
          id: ojvr-465
      author: None
       title: ojvr-465
        date: None
       words: 427
      flesch: 42
     summary: Article Information Authors: Katendi Changula1 A.S. Mweene1 Affiliations: 1School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Zambia Correspondence to: Katendi Changula Postal address: PO Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia How to cite this abstract: Changula, K. & Mweene, A.S., 2012, ‘Filoviral haemorrhagic fevers: A threat to Zambia?’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research79(2), Art. Filoviral haemorrhagic fevers: A threat to Zambia? In This Abstract... Open Access Filoviral haemorrhagic fevers (FVHF) are caused by agents belonging to Filoviridae family, Ebola and Marburg viruses.
    keywords: diagnostic; fevers; filoviral; fvhf; haemorrhagic; hosts; infections; open; potential; surveillance; zambia
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        item: #349 of 505
          id: ojvr-466
      author: None
       title: ojvr-466
        date: None
       words: 4774
      flesch: 46
     summary: PMid:613292 Collett, M.S., 1986, ‘Messenger RNA of the M segment RNA of Rift Valley fever virus’, Virology 151, 151−156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(86)90114-5 Collett, M.S., Purchio, A.F., Keegan, K., Frazier, S., Hays, W. & Anderson, D.K., 1985, ‘Complete nucleotide sequence of the M RNA segment of Rift Valley fever virus’, Virology 144, 228−245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(85)90320-4 Daubney, R., Hudson, J.R. & Garnham, P.C., 1931, ‘Enzootic hepatitis or Rift Valley fever. Morvan, J., Rollin, P.E., Laventure, S., Rakotoarivony, I. & Roux, J., 1992, ‘Rift Valley fever epizootic in the central highlands of Madagascar’, Research Virology 143, 407−415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0923-2516%2806%2980134-2 Muller, R., Poch, O., Delarue, M., Bishop, D.H.L. & Bouloy, M., 1994, ‘Rift Valley fever virus L segment: Correction of the sequence and possible functional role of newly identified regions conserved in RNA-dependent polymerases’, Journal of Gen Virology 75, 1345−1352.
    keywords: activity; aedes; africa; animals; areas; cattle; clinical; control; countries; dambos; data; davies; disease; distribution; endemic; epidemiology; epizootic; et al; fever; fever virus; figure; health; high; humans; hygiene; iep; infected; infectious; journal; kenya; level; linthicum; livestock; low; medicine; mosquito; occurrence; oie; outbreak; period; prevention; province; rainfall; region; research; results; rift; rift valley; risk; rvf; rvf virus; rvfv; segment; sheep; southern; studies; study; surveillance; threat; trade; transmission; tropical; valley; valley fever; vectors; vegetation; veterinary; virus; zambia
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        item: #350 of 505
          id: ojvr-467
      author: None
       title: ojvr-467
        date: None
       words: 652
      flesch: 42
     summary: Article Information Authors: Calvin Sindato1 Esron Karimuribo2 E.G. Mboera3 Affiliations: 1National Institute for Medical Research, Tabora, Tanzania 2Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania 3National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Correspondence to: Calvin Sindato Postal address: PO Box 482, Tabora, Tanzania How to cite this abstract: Sindato, C., Karimuribo, E. & Mboera, E.G., 2012, ‘The epidemiology and socio-economic impact of Rift Valley fever epidemics in Tanzania: A review’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. The epidemiology and socio-economic impact of Rift Valley fever epidemics in Tanzania: A review In This Abstract... Open Access A review was conducted to provide comprehensive update on Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Tanzania, with particular attention devoted to trend of occurrence, epidemiological factors, socio-economic impact and measures which were applied to its control.
    keywords: animal; disease; economic; epidemics; fever; impact; latest; livestock; outbreak; research; review; rift; rvf; socio; tanzania; valley
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        item: #351 of 505
          id: ojvr-468
      author: None
       title: ojvr-468
        date: None
       words: 4866
      flesch: 39
     summary: In domestic cycle where trypanosomes circulate only in domestic animals, geographical distribution of these strains indicated that high virulent trypanosome strains are present in limited villages (4 out of 11) and different virulent profiles were observed in various areas suggesting an uneven distribution of those virulent trypanosome strains (Masumu et al. 2006a). Whether the circulation of low virulent trypanosome strains in domestic animals could protect them from the adverse affect of the high virulent strains was also assessed (Masumu et al. 2009b).
    keywords: animals; areas; bossche; bovine; cattle; congolense; den; den bossche; different; disease; distribution; drug; eastern; eastern province; et al; flies; high; infection; level; livestock; low; masumu; plateau; prevalence; province; resistance; sinyangwe; situation; strains; trypanosome; trypanosome strains; trypanosomosis; tsetse; van; van den; virulence; virulent; virulent strains; wild; zambia
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        item: #352 of 505
          id: ojvr-469
      author: None
       title: ojvr-469
        date: None
       words: 462
      flesch: 37
     summary: Human cystic echinococcosis in South Africa Article Information Authors: Benjamin Mogoye1 Colin N. Menezes2 Martin P. Grobusch2,3,4 Kerstin Wahlers5 John Frean1 Affiliations: 1National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa 2Department of Internal Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa 3Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany 4Department of Internal Medicine, University Amsterdam, The Netherlands 5Comprehensive Infectious Diseases Center, University Hospitals, Germany Correspondence to: Martin Grobusch Postal address: Department of Internal Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and the University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, 7 York Road, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa How to cite this abstract: Mogoye, B., Menezes, C.N., Grobusch, M.P., Wahlers, K. & Frean, J., 2012, ‘Human cystic chinococcosis in South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art.
    keywords: africa; cystic; data; diseases; echinococcosis; health; internal; laboratory; medicine; national; provinces; south; strains; university
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        item: #353 of 505
          id: ojvr-47
      author: Austin, A.; Avenant-Oldewage, A.
       title: Ecological parameters of Lamproglena hoi (Copepoda: Lernaeidae) infection on the Bushveld smallscale yellowfish, Labeobarbus polylepis (Boulenger, 1907)
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 4666
      flesch: 61
     summary: The posterior gill arches of L. poly le pis harboured fewer L. hoi parasites (8 %) compared to L. clariae (34 %) were situated on the pos terior gill arches of C. gariepinus (Tsotetsi et al. 2004). More L. hoi parasites preferred the median position on the gill arches.
    keywords: abundance; adobe; africa; arch; arches; assegaai; autumn; avenant; boulenger; bushveld; clariae; copepoda; die; elands; false; females; fig; fish; gill; gravid; hoi; host; infection; intensity; journal; komati; komati river; l. hoi; labeobarbus; labeobarbus polylepis; lamproglena; lamproglena hoi; mean; mean intensity; median; mpumalanga; number; oldewage; parasites; phongolo; polylepis; posterior; prevalence; river; size; smallscale; south; specimens; spring; summer; true; tsotetsi; van; water; winter; yellowfish
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        item: #354 of 505
          id: ojvr-471
      author: None
       title: ojvr-471
        date: None
       words: 612
      flesch: 40
     summary: First International One Health congress Article Information Author: Martyn H. Jeggo1 Affiliation: 1Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Victoria, Australia Correspondence to: Martyn Jeggo Postal address: Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Livestock Industries, PMB 24, Geelong Vic 3220 How to cite this abstract: Jeggo, M.H., 2012, ‘First International One Health congress’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art.
    keywords: animal; conference; congress; discussion; environmental; food; health; international; need; open; science; sessions; topic
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        item: #355 of 505
          id: ojvr-472
      author: None
       title: ojvr-472
        date: None
       words: 520
      flesch: 48
     summary: Bearing in mind the pressure that may be existing on the many risk factors for FMD including climate change, there is need to review our knowledge on FMD control. We propose further strain characterisation of previous FMD outbreaks, including full sequence of VP1 gene and the 5’UTR site.
    keywords: authors; control; data; disease; fmd; foot; geo; mouth; outbreaks; risk; situation; veterinary; zambia
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        item: #356 of 505
          id: ojvr-473
      author: None
       title: ojvr-473
        date: None
       words: 488
      flesch: 39
     summary: Genomic sequence of infectious bursal disease virus from Zambia suggests evidence for genome re-assortment in nature The serotype 1 IBDVs are the causative agents of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in chickens worldwide and lead to immunosuppression in young birds.
    keywords: assortment; bursal; disease; evidence; genome; ibdv; infectious; nucleotide; sequence; strain; university; virus; zambia
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        item: #357 of 505
          id: ojvr-474
      author: None
       title: ojvr-474
        date: None
       words: 548
      flesch: 45
     summary: This study reveals that serotypes A, O, SAT1 and SAT2 cause FMD outbreaks in Tanzania. In Tanzania, lack of comprehensive animal movement records and inconsistent vaccination programs make it difficult to determine the exact source of FMD outbreaks or to trace the transmission of the disease over time.
    keywords: disease; economic; fmd; fmdv; foot; infectious; mouth; outbreaks; sat1; tanzania; type; viruses
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        item: #358 of 505
          id: ojvr-475
      author: None
       title: ojvr-475
        date: None
       words: 3614
      flesch: 37
     summary: This programme has been designed to train a new generation of world class scientists who will serve to address the heavy burden and threat of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in Africa that greatly hamper public health and animal health and thus socio-economic development of developing countries (WHO 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1608.100673, PMid:20678310 Roth, F., Zinsstag, J., Orkhon, D., Chimed-Ochir, G., Hutton, G., Cosivi, O. et al., 2003, ‘Human health benefits from livestock vaccination for brucellosis: case study’, Bulletin of World Health Organisation 81, 867–876. PMid:14997239 Taylor, L.H., Latham, S.M. & Woolhouse, M.E., 2001, ‘Risk factors for human disease emergence’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 356, 983–989.
    keywords: african; agriculture; allied; analytical; animal; animal health; collaboration; college; concept; consultations; control; course; curriculum; development; diseases; epidemiology; graduates; health; human; infectious; influenza; institutions; knowledge; livestock; london; marcotty; medical; medicine; organisation; prevention; programme; public; public health; research; review; royal; rvc; school; sciences; southern; staff; studies; surveillance; taylor; training; university; veterinary; veterinary medicine; world; zambia; zinsstag; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #359 of 505
          id: ojvr-476
      author: Wambura, Philemon
       title: MSc: In One Health Molecular Biology
        date: 2012-06-20
       words: 566
      flesch: 34
     summary: Acknowledgement The One Health Molecular Biology MSc course is supported by SACIDS through a grant from the Wellcome Trust under its African Institutions Initiative ( www.wellcome.ac.uk ) MSc In One Health Molecular Biology The MSc in One Health Molecular Biology course is offered at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Sokoine University of Agriculture. Upon completion, researchers will be highly-skilled professionals able to:  demonstrate knowledge and understanding of molecular biological techniques and their applications in the detection, identification and monitoring of infectious diseases of humans and animals  demonstrate specialist knowledge for understanding how prophylactic or curative treatments or therapies for diseases may be developed through molecular research of host and pathogen genomes  devise molecular biological approaches to find newer ways that will improve the health of humans, animals and our environment  join international PhD programmes or secure employment in academic and research institutions Course Director: Professor Philemon Wambura Email: info@sacids.org Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Sokoine University of Agriculture P. O. Box 3019
    keywords: biology; course; diseases; health; infectious; institutions; medicine; molecular; msc; pathogen; research; sacids; university; veterinary; wambura
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        item: #360 of 505
          id: ojvr-477
      author: Simuunza, Martin C.
       title: MSc One Health Analytical Epidemiology
        date: 2012-06-20
       words: 3073
      flesch: 27
     summary: ea rs c om pr is in g of a t au gh t co m po ne nt i n th e fi rs t ye ar a nd a r es ea rc h pr oj ec t cu lm in at in g in to th e su bm is si on o f d is se rt at io n in th e se co nd y ea r. St ud en ts w ill u nd er ta ke th e fo llo w in g co re c ou rs es : � R es ea rc h M et ho do lo gy a nd C om pu te r A pp lic at io ns � Pr in ci pl es o f E pi de m io lo gy a nd B io st at is tic s � D is ea se S ur ve ill an ce a nd R is k A na ly si s � E m er gi ng a nd R e- em er gi ng D is ea se s � In fe ct io us D is ea se M od el in g an d G eo gr ap hi ca l I nf or m at io n Sy st em � A dv an ce d St at is tic al M et ho ds in E pi de m io lo gy � O ne H ea lth M ed ic in e an d G lo ba liz at io n In a dd iti on s tu de nt s w ill b e ab le to c ho os e on e el ec tiv e co ur se fr om th e fo llo w in g: � H ea lth E co no m ic s, P ol ic y, M on ito ri ng a nd E va lu at io n � M ol ec ul ar E pi de m io lo gy a nd B io in fo rm at ic s � E nv ir on m en ta l E pi de m io lo gy Y ea r tw o sh al l co m pr is e su pe rv is ed r es ea rc h w or k cu lm in at in g in to s ub m is si on o f a di ss er ta tio n an d sh al l b e un de rt ak en o ve r a pe ri od o f tw o se m es te rs o f fu ll- tim e st ud y. T he to pi c (r es ea rc h pr op os al ) of th e di ss er ta tio n sh al l be g ui de d by t he O ne H ea lth T he m e an d sh al l be a pp ro ve d by t he S ch oo l Po st gr ad ua te C om m itt ee in th e la st s ev en w ee ks o f t he s ec on d se m es te r o f p ar t T hi s co ur se a im s to e qu ip s ci en tis ts w ith s ki lls in a na ly tic al e pi de m io lo gy fo r t he ef fi ci en t p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f h um an , a ni m al a nd z oo no tic d is ea se s. O ne he al th is a s ci en tif ic c on ce pt w ho se m is si on is to fo st er c lo se r p ro fe ss io na l in te ra ct io n, c ol la bo ra tio n an d ed uc at io na l o pp or tu ni tie s ac ro ss th e ve te ri na ry , m ed ic al a nd a lli ed s ci en ce s fo r t
    keywords: ill; lth; tic; tio
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        item: #361 of 505
          id: ojvr-478
      author: None
       title: ojvr-478
        date: None
       words: 388
      flesch: 46
     summary: Article Information Authors: Adrienne Saif1,2 John Frean1,2 Jenny Rossouw2 Anastasia N. Trataris1,2 Affiliations: 1University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa 2Special Bacterial Pathogens Reference Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa Correspondence to: Adrienne Saif Postal address: Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, South Africa How to cite this poster: Saif, A., Frean, J., Rossouw, J. & Trataris, A.N., 2012, ‘Leptospirosis in South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. Leptospirosis in South Africa In This Poster... Open Access Leptospirosis is a common zoonosis worldwide.
    keywords: adrienne; africa; authors; communicable; disease; institute; leptospirosis; national; saif; south
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        item: #362 of 505
          id: ojvr-479
      author: None
       title: ojvr-479
        date: None
       words: 395
      flesch: 33
     summary: Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana seroprevalence in HIV-positive, HIV-negative and clinically healthy volunteers in Gauteng, South Africa In This Poster Article Information Authors: Anastasia N. Trataris1,2 Lorraine Arntzen1 Jennifer Rossouw1 John Frean1,2 Allan Karstaedt3 Affiliations: 1National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa 2University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa 3Chris Hani Baragwanth Hospital, Bertsham, South Africa Correspondence to: Anastasia Trataris Postal address: Centre for Emergingand Zoonotic Diseases Special Bacterial Pathogens Reference Laboratory How to cite this poster: Trataris, A.N., Arntzen, L., Rossouw, J., Frean, J. & Karstaedt, A., 2012, ‘Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana seroprevalence in HIV-positive, HIV-negative and clinically healthy volunteers in Gauteng, South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research79(2), Art.
    keywords: africa; bartonella; healthy; henselae; hiv; igg; igm; negative; quintana; south; volunteers
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        item: #363 of 505
          id: ojvr-48
      author: Ndhlovu, D.N.; Makaya, P.V.; Penzhorn, B.L.
       title: Tick infestation, and udder and teat damage in selected cattle herds of Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 9259
      flesch: 57
     summary: The predilection sites and seasonal varia- tions of cattle ticks. Related to pro- ductivity losses, concepts such as economic dam- age threshold and economic threshold (Meltzer & 235 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 76:235–248 (2009) Tick infestation, and udder and teat damage in selected cattle herds of Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe D.N. NDHLOVU1, P.V. MAKAYA2 and B.L. PENZHORN1* ABSTRACT NDHLOVU, D.N., MAKAYA, P.V. & PENZHORN, B.L. 2009.
    keywords: adobe; africa; amblyomma; animals; appendiculatus; area; association; cattle; central; commercial; communal; conditions; control; counts; cows; cross; damage; decoloratus; different; dipping; distribution; double; eastern; economic; evertsi; false; farmers; farming; farms; free; hebraeum; higher; horak; hosts; hyalomma; i.g; infestation; journal; laboratory; lower; matabeleland; mean; mean tick; meltzer; norval; number; occurrence; onderstepoort; parity; perineum; perry; pinna; predilection; prevalence; properties; province; r.a.i; related; research; rhipicephalus; rufipes; sampled; sector; significant; simus; sites; south; species; study; table; tail; tank; teat; teat damage; threshold; tick; tick infestation; tick species; times; total; true; truncatum; udder; udder damage; upper; variegatum; veterinary; zambeziensis; zimbabwe
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        item: #364 of 505
          id: ojvr-480
      author: None
       title: ojvr-480
        date: None
       words: 411
      flesch: 32
     summary: Juirsica and Mylopoulos1 suggested that in order to build effective technologies for knowledge management, we need to further our understanding of how individuals, groups and organisations use knowledge. As the focus on knowledge management for organisations and consortia alike is moving towards a keen appreciation of how deeply knowledge is embedded in people’s experiences, there is a general realisation that knowledge cannot be stored or captured digitally.
    keywords: african; centre; disease; health; infectious; information; knowledge; management; southern; surveillance
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        item: #365 of 505
          id: ojvr-481
      author: None
       title: ojvr-481
        date: None
       words: 431
      flesch: 38
     summary: Phytochemical isolation of compounds from Sceletium tortuosum and activity testing against Plasmodium falciparum In This Poster... Open Access Malaria is a major health care problem in tropical regions due to the increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum against widely available antimalarial drugs. Laboratory preparation of extracts of fresh S. tortuosum plant material was conducted mimicking traditional methods of preparation using organic solvents.
    keywords: activity; africa; authors; extracts; falciparum; itumeleng; material; phytochemical; plant; plasmodium; sceletium; setshedi; south; tortuosum
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        item: #366 of 505
          id: ojvr-482
      author: None
       title: ojvr-482
        date: None
       words: 477
      flesch: 53
     summary: Binary logistic regression was used for analysis in which case the dependent variable was food security in terms of food insecure (0) and food secure (1) based on kilocalories consumed per adult equivalent per day. Based on these findings, it is concluded that although being affected by HIV and AIDS has negative impact on food security, it does not automatically make households food insecure, especially in a short run, and that some non-HIV and AIDS factors like high dependency ratio and low ability to buy food have bigger negative impact than that of HIV and AIDS on food security.
    keywords: aids; food; hiv; households; impact; negative; rufiji; secure; security; tanzania
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        item: #367 of 505
          id: ojvr-483
      author: None
       title: ojvr-483
        date: None
       words: 719
      flesch: 39
     summary: As a matter of fact, following studies will be conducted: • evaluation of the immunological protection against Rift Valley fever in vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle using IgG and IgM ELISAs in Katanga Province • assessment of cellular response to Rift Valley fever disease in vaccinated and naturally infected cattle • molecular characterisation of RVFV strains circulating in vaccinated and non vaccinated cattle • assessment of protective effect related to vaccinal strains in cattle, using a longitudinal survey. Livestock immunisation is important for control of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) epidemics; however immunisation of susceptible domestic animals in endemic countries does not protect animals against the clinical disease but prevents the propagation of virus to human population through reduction of the amplification degree in host animals.
    keywords: animals; cattle; cells; congo; democratic; fever; immune; protective; republic; response; rift; rvfv; studies; vaccinated; valley
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        item: #368 of 505
          id: ojvr-485
      author: None
       title: ojvr-485
        date: None
       words: 402
      flesch: 51
     summary: Article Information Authors: P. Dorny1 C. Kabwe1 K. Kirezi1 K. Lukanu1 P. Lutumba1 V. Maketa1 P. Matondo1 K. Polman1 N. Praet1 N. Speybroeck1 J. Sumbu1 Affiliations: 1University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo Correspondence to: Antony Musoke How to cite this poster: Dorny, P., Kabwe, C., Kirezi, K., Lukanu, K., Lutumba, P., Maketa, V. et al., 2012, ‘Cysticercosis in the Democratic Republic of Congo’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. Following the increase of epilepsy cases in Kinshasa and Bas-Congo, it was important to assess the fraction attributable to neurocysticercosis especially as data on cysticercosis in Democratic Republic Of Congo (DRC) dating from 1970.
    keywords: congo; cysticercosis; democratic; epilepsy; kinshasa; neurocysticercosis; pigs; positive; republic
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        item: #369 of 505
          id: ojvr-486
      author: None
       title: ojvr-486
        date: None
       words: 429
      flesch: 40
     summary: Article Information Authors: K. Kistiah1,2 John Frean1,2 J. Winiecka-Krusnell3 A. Barragan3 Affiliations: 1Parasitology Reference Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa 2University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 3Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Environmental Microbiology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Diseases, Sweden Correspondence to: John Frean Postal address: Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, South Africa How to cite this poster: Kistiah, K., Frean, J., Winiecka-Krusnell, J. & Barragan, A., 2012, ‘Unexpectedly low seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. Approximately two-thirds of all people living with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa.
    keywords: africa; diseases; gondii; hiv; information; institute; seroprevalence; south; toxoplasmosis
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        item: #370 of 505
          id: ojvr-487
      author: None
       title: ojvr-487
        date: None
       words: 355
      flesch: 44
     summary: The prevalence of malaria and intestinal helminths as well as co-infection was lower in Great Soppo than in Ekona, probably due to increased urbanization in Great Soppo than Ekona. The prevalence of malaria and helminths was higher in Ekona than Great Soppo.
    keywords: buea; cameroon; ekona; great; helminths; malaria; soppo; university
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        item: #371 of 505
          id: ojvr-488
      author: None
       title: ojvr-488
        date: None
       words: 189
      flesch: 33
     summary: Article Information How to cite this item: How to cite this item: Proceedings of the Conference of the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance ‘One Health’ held at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, July 2011, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ ojvr.v79i2.488 Note: Proceedings of the Conference of the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance ‘One Health’ held at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, July 2011.
    keywords: centre; disease; infectious; southern; surveillance
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        item: #372 of 505
          id: ojvr-491
      author: None
       title: ojvr-491
        date: None
       words: 3852
      flesch: 41
     summary: Materials and methods Top ↑ Animals Eleven non-pregnant Friesian dairy cows, four to nine years old, between 54 and 83 days in milk, with body condition scores of 1.5 to 2.5 out of five, and which had no antibody titres to B. bovis antigen in the IFA test (Gray & De Vos 1981; Joyner et al. 1972), were used in the field trial to determine the effect of block treating B. bovis vaccine. Due to the detrimental effect of diminazene on the vaccine parasites as well as various other factors, such as the degree of natural resistance of different cattle breeds and individual animals to Babesia parasites, the infectivity of frozen vaccine being less predictable than that of unfrozen vaccine (due to demise of parasites during freezing and thawing), the non-conformance of diminazene preparations to manufacturer’s label claims (Tettey et al. 2002) and the accuracy of the drug dose administered, all influencing successful immunisation, the block treating of B. bovis and B. bigemina vaccine reactions was no longer recommended.
    keywords: africa; animals; b. bovis; babesia; babesia bovis; babesiosis; bigemina; block; blood; bovis; bovis vaccine; cattle; combrink; control; cows; dairy; day; days; diminazene; disease; dose; effect; field; frozen; group; ifat; infection; institute; journal; laboratory; live; milk; onderstepoort; parasites; pcr; period; positive; practice; reactions; research; south; study; tick; treating; treatment; use; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; vos; waal
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        item: #373 of 505
          id: ojvr-492
      author: None
       title: ojvr-492
        date: None
       words: 4149
      flesch: 38
     summary: Understanding livestock demographic dynamics becomes a key for the planning of sustainable pasture management and the planning of animal health interventions. Questions abound in Q-fever explosion in the Netherlands’, Science 327, 266−267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.327.5963.266-a Forget, G. & Lebel, J., 2001, ‘An ecosystem approach to human health’, International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 7, S3−38. Gagneux, S. & Small, P.M., 2007, ‘Global phylogeography of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and implications for tuberculosis product development’, Infectious Diseases 7, 328−337.
    keywords: africa; agenda; animal; animal health; approach; benefits; brucellosis; closer; conceptual; control; cooperation; cost; countries; cultural; definition; development; diseases; ecological; environmental; et al; examples; fever; future; health; human; integrated; integrative; international; interventions; leverage; livestock; medicine; national; new; operational; pastoralists; planning; potential; public; public health; research; schelling; sciences; services; social; south; surveillance; swiss; switzerland; systemic; systems; tanner; thinking; tuberculosis; unfinished; university; vaccination; value; veterinary; work; zinsstag; zoonoses
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        item: #374 of 505
          id: ojvr-498
      author: None
       title: ojvr-498
        date: None
       words: 5714
      flesch: 38
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vim.2005.18.27, PMid:15802952 Buonaguro, F.M., Tornesello, M.L. & Buonaguro, L., 2009, ‘Virus-like particle vaccines and adjuvants: The HPV paradigm’, Expert Review of Vaccines 8, 1379–1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erv.09.81, PMid:19803760 Chen, S.C., Fynan, E.F., Robinson, H.L., Lu, S., Greenberg, H.B., Santoro, J.C. et al., 1997, ‘Protective immunity induced by rotavirus DNA vaccines’, Vaccine 15, 899–902. VLP and DNA vaccines may constitute a third generation of rotavirus vaccines (Chen et al. 1998; O’Neal et al. 1997).
    keywords: agricultural; analysis; antibodies; antibody; asd; attenuated; bacterial; balb; bicistronic; cells; construction; days; detection; dna; dna vaccine; enzyme; et al; eukaryotic; expression; figure; fragment; gene; group; iga; igg; immune; immunisation; immunised; immunity; immunofluorescence; indirect; intestinal; journal; level; medium; mice; mucosal; nsp4; oral; osu; pbs; pcr; plasmid; porcine; protection; protein; prv; pvax1; recombinant; reconstructed; response; restriction; result; reverse; rotavirus; salmonella; samples; sequence; serum; sichuan; specific; strain; transcription; typhimurium; typhimurium χ4550; university; vaccine; vectors; viral; virology; vivo; vp7; yang; χ4550
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        item: #375 of 505
          id: ojvr-499
      author: None
       title: ojvr-499
        date: None
       words: 6412
      flesch: 43
     summary: PMid:3447015 Scagliarini, A., Dal Pozzo, F., Gallina, L., Guercio, A., Vaccari, F. & Battilani, M. et al., 2006, ‘In vitro activity of VEGF-E produced by orf virus strains isolated from classical and severe persistent contagious ecthyma’, Veterinary Microbiology 114, 142–147. References Top ↑ Abrahao, J.S., Campos, R.K., Trindade, G.S., Guedes, M.I., Lobato, Z.I, Mazur, C. et al., 2009, ‘Detection and phylogenetic analysis of orf virus from sheep in Brazil: A case report’, Virology 6, 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-6-47Ara, M., Zaballos, P., Sánchez, M., Querol, I., Zubiri, M.L., Simal, E. et al., 2008, ‘Giant and recurrent orf virus infection in a renal transplant recipient treated with imiquimod’, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 58(2 Suppl.), S39–S40.
    keywords: acid; affected; africa; amino; analysis; animals; areas; association; authors; b2l; bologna; cape; cases; cattle; cause; clinical; collected; commercial; data; diagnosis; disease; distribution; dna; epidemiological; epidemiology; et al; farmers; farming; farms; field; figure; foot; goats; health; humans; incidence; infected; infections; investigation; italica; journal; kitching; lesions; livestock; majority; medicine; molecular; observation; orf; orf virus; outbreaks; parapoxvirus; pcpv; pcr; period; phylogenetic; presence; questionnaire; research; results; risk; rural; samples; scabs; scagliarini; season; sequences; severe; sheep; south; south africa; species; strains; study; table; tarandus; transmission; university; vaccine; veterinarians; veterinary; virology; virus; year; zoonotic
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        item: #376 of 505
          id: ojvr-50
      author: Markotter, W.; York, D.; Sabeta, C.T.; Shumba, W.; Zulu, G.; Le Roux, K.; Nel, L.H.
       title: Evaluation of a rapid immunodiagnostic test kit for detection of African lyssaviruses from brain material
        date: 2009-09-09
       words: 3691
      flesch: 50
     summary: Suckling mouse brain DUVVSA1981 1981 South Africa Paweska et al. 2007 21 Gt 4 Human Suckling mouse brain DUVVSA1970 1970 South Africa Paweska et al. 2007 E-mail: wanda.markotter@up.ac.za 1 Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa 2 Molecular Diagnostic Services, Private Bag X20, Westville, Dur ban, Kwazulu Natal, 3630 South Africa 3 OIE Rabies Reference Laboratory, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa 4 Allerton Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag X2, Cascades, Pieter maritzburg, 3202 South Africa Accepted for publication 1 July 2009—Editor 258 Evaluation of immunodiagnostic test kit for detection of African lyssaviruses from brain material (FAT) (Dean, Abelseth & Atanasiu 1996), is per- formed on brain tissue.
    keywords: 2005; adobe; africa; antibody; bat; biotype; brain; c.t; canine; cases; cohen; control; detection; diagnosis; et al; evaluation; false; fat; field; fluorescent; genotypes; immunodiagnostic; immunodiagnostic test; isolates; kit; kuzmin; l.h; laboratory; lee; lyssaviruses; markotter; material; mongoose; mouse; negative; nel; onderstepoort; original; paweska; pdf; positive; rabies; rapid; results; ridt; rupprecht; sabeta; samples; south; south africa; suckling; test; true; veterinary; virus; wandeler
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        item: #377 of 505
          id: ojvr-500
      author: None
       title: ojvr-500
        date: None
       words: 6284
      flesch: 36
     summary: Amongst these we need to highlight the possible economic impacts of emerging infectious diseases, thus the need for political and policy actions to rectify the situation. Various pandemics have in principle indicated the impact that emerging infectious diseases can have economically, socially, medically, and environmentally, suggesting benefits of using a ‘One Health’ approach in education to address global health and sustainability challenges (Barret et al. 2010).
    keywords: 1st; abstracts; action; animal; animal health; approach; burden; change; collaboration; concept; conference; congress; conservation; control; countries; critical; cross; development; diagnosis; diseases; drug; ecohealth; economic; effective; emergence; et al; example; february; food; health; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0376-0; human; idea; income; infectious; infectious diseases; influenza; institute; international; joint; jones; key; lack; limited; livestock; low; major; manuscript; medical; ministry; muhimbili; multi; need; organisation; people; policies; policy; professionals; public; public health; report; research; resources; review; risk; s170; sciences; security; skills; social; strategic; surveillance; systems; tanzania; terms; tuberculosis; united; university; veterinary; welfare; wildlife; world; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #378 of 505
          id: ojvr-501
      author: None
       title: ojvr-501
        date: None
       words: 6448
      flesch: 33
     summary: The usual assumption is that if the test is done in a bovid, then the presence of or exposure to M. bovis is indicated, whereas if done in humans, then M. tuberculosis is indicated. Unfortunately, M. tuberculosis can also present in extra-pulmonary form, although less frequently.
    keywords: a.l; african; animals; approach; areas; bovine; bovine tuberculosis; bovis; cases; cataldi; cattle; cleaveland; complex; contact; control; countries; cousins; critical; cross; diagnostic; different; disease; epidemiology; et al; european; example; exposure; extent; factors; game; health; hiv; human; impact; important; infection; interface; international; isolates; journal; kazwala; livestock; m. bovis; m.c; manuscript; medicine; michel; michel et; microbiology; molecular; muhimbili; mycobacterium; mycobacterium bovis; mycobacterium tuberculosis; n.d; national; new; parks; policy; prevalence; problem; pulmonary; r.r; reports; research; resistant; review; risk; romano; sciences; south; southern; species; studies; tanzania; test; tools; transmission; treatment; tuberculosis; united; university; van; veterinary; wildlife; zoonotic
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        item: #379 of 505
          id: ojvr-502
      author: None
       title: ojvr-502
        date: None
       words: 2587
      flesch: 46
     summary: Miller, P.J., King, D.J., Afonso, C.L. & Suarez, D.L., 2007, ‘Antigenic differences among Newcastle disease virus strains of different genotypes used in vaccine formulation affect viral shedding after a virulent challenge’, Vaccine 25, 7238–7246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.017, PMid:17719150 National Malaria Control Centre, 2009, Enumeration reports, viewed 20 November 2012, from http://www.nmcc.org.zm/report-map.htm OIE. Article Information Authors: Chimuka Musako1,2 Celia Abolnik3 Affiliations: 1Department of Veterinary and Tsetse Control Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Zambia 2Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa 3Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa Correspondence to: Chimuka Musako Postal address: PO Box 710070, Mansa 10101, Zambia Dates: Received: 15 July 2012 Accepted: 10 Oct. 2012 Published: 07 Dec. 2012 How to cite this article: Musako, C. & Abolnik, C., 2012, ‘Determination of the seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus (avian paramyxovirus type 1) in Zambian backyard chicken flocks’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(1), Art.
    keywords: alders; authors; avian; backyard; birds; chickens; control; copperbelt; disease; districts; eastern; eds; flocks; international; katongo; march; mozambique; newcastle; newcastle disease; northern; p.b; paramyxovirus; poultry; proceedings; province; r.g; research; samples; seroprevalence; songolo; spradbrow; strains; study; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; village; virus; workshop; zambia
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        item: #380 of 505
          id: ojvr-51
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Proceedings: Onderstepoort Centenary Pan-African Veterinary Conference : foreword
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 905
      flesch: 27
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; acrobat; adobe; africa; animal; diseases; east; false; onderstepoort; pan; pdf; reader; south; true; veterinary
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        item: #381 of 505
          id: ojvr-511
      author: None
       title: ojvr-511
        date: None
       words: 9344
      flesch: 47
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01256-10, PMid:20810772 Cohen, C., Sartorius, B., Sabeta, C., Zulu, G., Paweska, J., Mogoswane, M. et al., 2007, ‘Epidemiology and molecular virus characterization of reemerging rabies, South Africa’, Emerging Infectious Diseases 13, 1879–1886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1804.111553, PMid:22469151 Masatania, T., Ito, N., Shimizua, K., Ito, Y., Nakagawaa, K., Abea, M. et al., 2011, ‘Amino acids at positions 273 and 394 in rabies virus nucleoprotein are important for both evasion of host RIG-I mediated antiviral response and pathogenicity’, Virus Research 155, 168–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2010.09.016, PMid:20875468 Mita, T., Shimizu, K., Ito, N., Yamada, K., Ito, Y., Sugiyama, M. et al., 2008, ‘Amino acid at position 95 of the matrix protein is a cytopathic determinant of rabies virus’, Virus Research 137, 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2008.05.011, PMid:18602710 Nakahata, Y., Akashi, M., Trcka, D., Yasuda, A. & Takumi, T., 2006, ‘The in vitro real-time oscillation monitoring system identifies potential entrainment factors for circadian clocks’, BMC Molecular Biology 7. Nel, L.H., Sabeta, C.T., Von Teichman, B., Jaftha, J.B., Rupprecht, C.E. & Bingham, J., 2005, ‘Mongoose rabies in southern Africa: A re-evaluation based on molecular epidemiology’, Virus Research 109, 165–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2004.12.003, PMid:15763147 Niezgoda, M., Briggs, D.J., Shaddock, J., Dreesen, D.W. & Rupprecht, C.E., 1997, ‘Pathogenesis of experimentally induced rabies in domestic ferrets’, American Journal of Veterinary Research 58, 1327–1331.
    keywords: acids; african; amino; arg; badrane; bat; binding; blood; brain; canid; chain; comparison; concentration; conserved; different; domains; dose; duvv; et al; experimental; figure; glands; glycoprotein; high; i.m; ile; important; infected; infection; inoculated; inoculation; isolates; ito; journal; kuzmin; lbv; lbv isolates; lbvafr1999; lbvnig1956; lbvsa2008; lethal; lyssavirus; lyssavirus isolates; markotter; markotter et; material; matrix; mean; mice; mokv; mokv isolates; mongoose; mortality; motif; nel; non; number; original; pathogenic domains; pathogenicity; pcr; percentage; phosphoprotein; phylogroup; position; presence; protein; rabies; rabv; real; representative; research; results; rna; route; salivary; south; species; strain; studies; study; substitution; system; table; tcid50; time; titre; usa; variant; viral; virology; virus; viruses; vna
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        item: #382 of 505
          id: ojvr-518
      author: None
       title: ojvr-518
        date: None
       words: 2785
      flesch: 38
     summary: PMid:1852778 Rottapel, R., Reeduck, M., Williams, D.E., Lyman, S.D., Andersen, D.M., Pawson, T. et al., 1995, ‘The steel/W transduction pathway: Kit autophosphorylation and its association with a unique set of cytoplasmic signaling proteins is induced by the steel factor’, Molecular Cell Biology 11, 3043–3051. Sanders, K.M., Don Koh, S. & Ward, S.M., 2006, ‘Interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers in the gastrointestinal tract’, Annual Review of Physiology 68, 307–343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040504.094718, PMid:16460275 Sanders, K.M., 1996, ‘A case for interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission in the gastrointestinal tract’, Gastroenterology 111, 492–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.1996.v111.pm8690216, PMid:8690216 Shu, S., Ju, G. & Fan, L., 1988, ‘The glucose oxidase-DAB nickel method in the peroxidase histochemistry of the nervous system’, Neuroscience Letters 85, 169–171. Article Information Authors: Colin Musara1 Camille Vaillant2 Affiliations: 1Department of Preclinical Veterinary Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe2Department of Veterinary Preclinical Studies, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom Correspondence to: Colin Musara Postal address: PO Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Zimbabwe Dates: Received: 04 Sept. 2012 Accepted: 21 Dec. 2012 Published: 05 Mar. 2013 How to cite this article: Musara, C. & Vaillant, C., 2013, ‘Immunohistochemical studies of the enteric nervous system and interstitial cells of Cajal in the canine stomach’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 80(1), Art.
    keywords: anti; antrum; authors; cajal; canine; cells; circular; corpus; density; distribution; enteric; fibres; figure; ganglia; gastric; gastrointestinal; icc; immunohistochemical; inhibitory; interstitial; journal; kit; layers; longitudinal; marker; morphological; motor; muscle; myenteric; nerve; nervous; neuronal; neurons; nitric; nnos; oxide; pgp; samples; sanders; sections; smooth; stomach; studies; study; system; tissue; unfixed; university
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        item: #383 of 505
          id: ojvr-519
      author: None
       title: ojvr-519
        date: None
       words: 4256
      flesch: 41
     summary: , various concentrations of A. pleuropneumoniae DapxIC/ompP2 and serovar 5 of H. parasuis and A. pleuropneumoniae parent strain were prepared and administrated to mice via the intraperitoneal route. The competent cells of A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 5 (SC-1) were prepared according to the general optimisation protocol for the transformation of bacteria provided by the Electroporation System (Gene Pulser XcellTM, BIO-RAD).
    keywords: actinobacillus; actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; activity; agricultural; apxi; attenuated; bacteria; cfu; construction; dapxic; day; figure; gene; growth; haemolytic; haemophilus; homologous; identification; immunity; inactivated; infection; journal; mice; mutant; mutant strain; nad; ompp2; ompp2 gene; parasuis; parent; pigs; plates; pleuropneumoniae; protection; proteins; recombination; resistance; sc-1; serological; serovar; serum; sichuan; stability; strain; subunit; sucrose; table; test; toxin; tsa; tsb; university; vaccination; vaccine; vector; veterinary; virulence; vol
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        item: #384 of 505
          id: ojvr-52
      author: Bigalke, R.D.
       title: Theiler and the 'Spirit of Onderstepoort' Introductory keynote address : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4138
      flesch: 61
     summary: Theiler ob- tained all sorts of concessions like lengthy sabbati- cal leave on three occasions to study in Switzerland. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My sincere gratitude is due to Ms H. Heyne of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute for assistance with the preparation of a PowerPoint presentation.
    keywords: /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; adobe; africa; anaplasmosis; arnold; bigalke; boer; bonemeal; bones; botha; cape; career; cattle; credit; director; disease; early; faculty; false; farm; fever; general; government; hutcheon; institute; journal; laboratory; lamsiekte; later; life; minister; onderstepoort; p.j; pdf; politicians; r.d; research; rotten; sir; south; spirit; theiler; time; toit; town; transvaal; true; usa; vaccine; veterinary; viljoen; work; years; zar
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        item: #385 of 505
          id: ojvr-523
      author: None
       title: ojvr-523
        date: None
       words: 5315
      flesch: 40
     summary: Mungube, E.O., Tenhagen, B.A., Kassa, T., Regassa, F., Kyule, M.N., Greine, M. et al., 2004, ‘Risk factors for dairy cow mastitis in Central Highlands of Ethiopia’, Tropical Animal Health and Production 36, 463–472. Assessment of milking practices A pre-tested structured questionnaire with close-ended questions was used to collect data on milking practices and other farm management variables thought to influence the prevalence of mastitis in smallholder dairy cows.
    keywords: analysis; animal; areas; associated; association; aureus; bacterial; beef; bovine; breeds; cell; clinical; clinical mastitis; cns; coli; cows; crosses; dairy; dairy cows; dairy farms; data; dipping; et al; factors; farmers; farming; farms; health; herd; individual; journal; klebsiella; lactating; level; logistic; management; mashona; mastitis; matope; milk; milking; model; negative; pathogens; positive; post; practices; prevalence; production; pure; regression; research; risk; samples; scc; smallholder; smallholder dairy; somatic; spp; staphylococci; studies; study; sub; table; teat; total; tropical; use; veterinary; zimbabwe
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        item: #386 of 505
          id: ojvr-529
      author: None
       title: ojvr-529
        date: None
       words: 2314
      flesch: 49
     summary: VI’, South African Journal of Sciences 20, 493–500. Gibson, W.C., Lom, J., Peckova, H., Ferris, V.R. & Hamilton, P.B., 2005, ‘Phylogenetic analysis of freshwater fish trypanosomes from Europe using ssu rRNA sequences and random amplification of polymorphic DNA’, Parasitology 130, 405–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182004006778, PMid:15830814 Gu, Z.M., Wang, J.G., Li, M., Zhang, J.Y., Ke, X.L. & Gong, X.N., 2007, ‘Morphological and genetic differences of Trypanosoma in some Chinese freshwater fishes: Difficulties of species identification’, Parasitology Research 101, 723–730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-007-0536-5, PMid:17558522 Gu, Z., Wang, J., Ke, X., Lui, Y., Lui, X., Gong, X. et al., 2010, ‘Phylogenetic position of the freshwater fish trypanosome, Trypanosoma ophiocephali (Kinetoplastida) inferred from the complete small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence’, Parasitology Research 106(5), 1039–1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1759-4, PMid:20177907, PMCid:2848340 Hoare, C.A., 1932, ‘On protozoal blood parasites collected in Uganda’, Parasitology 24, 210–224. Article Information Authors: Maryke L. Ferreira1 Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage1 Affiliations: 1Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Correspondence to: Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage Postal address: PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa Dates: Received: 29 Oct. 2012 Accepted:
    keywords: africa; article; barrage; blood; clarias; dam; davies; fish; fishes; freshwater; gariepinus; hoare; host; johannesburg; mukasai; nature; nylsvlei; okavango; parasites; parasitology; phylogenetic; prevalence; research; reserve; river; river dam; sand; smit; south; south africa; species; swaziland; table; trypanosomes; university; vaal; vaal dam; van
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        item: #387 of 505
          id: ojvr-53
      author: Roeder, P.
       title: Rinderpest : an historical overview : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 909
      flesch: 30
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; acrobat; adobe; africa; century; disease; false; pdf; reader; rinderpest; true; veterinary
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        item: #388 of 505
          id: ojvr-538
      author: None
       title: ojvr-538
        date: None
       words: 5162
      flesch: 49
     summary: The cost of CMCT test was calculated by calculating the costs of the following: Mastest reagent per test = price of Mastest per 5 L (R490)/number of tests per 5 L (888.33) = 0.55 Number of 6mL CMCT tests done per 5 L = (1000 mL/6 mL per test = 166.66 tests) The sum of the total expected cost of errors per cow (Table 1) and the cost to conduct the test per cow (Table 2) was subtracted from the expected benefits of test per cow for CMCT, MER test.
    keywords: africa; analysis; aureus; beneficial; benefit; benefit model; budget; cases; cell; clinical; cmct; control; cost; cow; cup; dairy; data; diagnosis; effects; electrical; false; gold; health; herds; infection; inputs; journal; mastitis; mer; milk; mixture; model; negative; outcome; parallel; partial; petzer; positive; programme; quarter; resistance; result; samples; sensitivity; south; specificity; standard; staphylococcus; study; table; test; total; treatment; true; udder; veterinary
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        item: #389 of 505
          id: ojvr-539
      author: None
       title: ojvr-539
        date: None
       words: 8613
      flesch: 49
     summary: Figures 14 and 15 are organograms that can function as illustrated, interactive keys for the stepwise morphological identification of common nematode L3 of small ruminants and cattle, respectively. Thereafter, as a second step, the L3 are exsheathed and only those with specific digitate terminal caudal appendages (Figure 2, intestinal Trichostrongylus spp.) are differentiated from the rest of the first 100–200 encountered.
    keywords: appearance; article; authors; axei; borgsteede; cabaret; cattle; caudal; cells; chabertia; colubriformis; common; cooperia; count; cranial; culture; differences; differential; differentiation; difficult; dish; et al; extension; faecal; faeces; features; figure; filament; free; gastrointestinal; genera; genus; head; hendriks; identification; infective; infective larvae; intestinal; jar; larvae; length; lungworm; measurements; method; morphological; nematodes; nematodirus; nematodirus spp; note; oesophagostomum; ostertagi; ova; ovina; parasitic; placei; present; proportion; research; routine; ruminants; shape; sheath; sheep; small; species; spp; stage; ste; stes; suspension; table; tail; teladorsagia; teladorsagia spp; tip; trichostrongylus; tube; use; van; veterinary; water; wyk
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        item: #390 of 505
          id: ojvr-54
      author: Cameron, C.M.
       title: A brief history of botulism in South Africa : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 1849
      flesch: 44
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. When contemplating the history of botulism (lam- siekte) in South Africa, one of the first realizations is that the initial observations were not done by scien- tists or veterinarians but by travellers such as Le Vaillant in 1881 (Le Vaillant 1896).
    keywords: /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; adobe; africa; b.c; botulinum; botulism; cattle; clostridium; condition; false; farmers; feeding; final; government; gutsche; history; jansen; journal; lamsiekte; mason; observations; onderstepoort; pdf; research; robinson; solution; south; theiler; true; types; vaillant; veterinary
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        item: #391 of 505
          id: ojvr-543
      author: None
       title: ojvr-543
        date: None
       words: 4201
      flesch: 36
     summary: Significantly higher toxin concentration in the NE was associated with higher soil concentrations of Fe, Bi, Br, Cd, Cr, Rb, Te, Tl, Ti and Zn, whilst soil concentrations of Sr and soil pH were significantly lower (Table 2). Although several statistically significant associations between soil parameters and plant toxin concentration were found (Table 2), inferences cannot be made regarding the causal relationship of these associations.
    keywords: africa; agricultural; analysis; authors; berg; botha; cardiac; cattle; concentrations; council; data; den; differences; different; distribution; environment; epoxyscillirosidine; epoxyscillirosidine concentrations; geographical; gis; glycoside; high; higher; institute; journal; kellerman; laboratory; leaves; line; liquid; livestock; mass; material; mean; median; minutes; moraea; naudé; north; onderstepoort; pallida; plant; point; poisoning; potential; regions; research; samples; sampling; schultz; science; snyman; soil; south; south africa; spatial; study; table; toxicity; toxin; tulp; university; van; variability; variation; veterinary; water; yellow; yellow tulp
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        item: #392 of 505
          id: ojvr-544
      author: None
       title: ojvr-544
        date: None
       words: 4047
      flesch: 51
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00386-X Countrystat, 2012, Livestock - Total number of living animals by administrative level 1, product and year, viewed 31 August 2012, from http://www.countrystat.org/ner/cont/pxwebquery/ma/158spd035/fr Diallo, A., Minet, C., Le Goff, C., Berhe, G., Albina, E., Libeau, G. et al., 2007, ‘The threat of peste des petits ruminants: Progress in vaccine development for disease control’, Vaccine 25, 5591–5597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.013, PMid:17399862 Gibbs, E.P.J., Taylor, W.P., Lawman, M.J.P. & Bryant J., 1979, ‘Classification of peste des petits ruminants virus as the fourth member of the genus Morbillivirus’, Intervirology 11, 268–274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000149044, PMid:457363 Gopilo, A., 2005, ‘Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus in Ethiopia and molecular studies on virulence’, Ph.D thesis, National Polytechnic Institute, Toulouse. Jones, L., Giavedoni, L., Saliki, J.T., Brown, C., Mebus, C. & Yilma T., 1993, ‘Protection of goats against peste des petits ruminants with a vaccinial virus double recombinant expressing the F and H genes of rinderpest virus’, Vaccine 11, 961–964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(84)90059-X Taylor, W.P., Al Busaidy, S. & Barrett, T., 1990, ‘The epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in the Sultanate of Oman’, Veterinary Microbiology 22, 341–352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(90)90021-M Taylor, W.P., Diallo, A., Gopalakrishna, S., Sreeramalu, P., Wilsmore, A.J., Nanda, Y.P. et al., 2002, ‘Peste des petits ruminants has been widely present in Southern India since, if not before, the late 1980s’, Preventive Veterinary Medicine 52, 305–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00254-9 Tounkara, K., Traore, A., Sidibe, S., Samake, K., Diallo, B.O. & Diallo, A., 1996, ‘Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and rinderpest in Mali: Serological surveys’,
    keywords: age; analysis; animals; arid; assay; authors; blood; competitive; des; diallo; disease; distribution; epidemiology; et al; female; goats; higher; journal; libeau; livestock; niamey; niger; pcr; peste; petits; polymerase; positive; ppr; prevalence; region; republic; research; results; ruminants; ruminants virus; samples; serological; seroprevalence; sheep; significant; small; study; table; tahoua; taylor; tillabéry; veterinary; virus; years
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        item: #393 of 505
          id: ojvr-55
      author: Amanfu, W.
       title: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (lungsickness) in Africa : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 3932
      flesch: 48
     summary: The spread of CBPP southwards has been arrested such that to date there has been no spread of CBPP disease to Malawi, as indi cated through sustained surveillance in that country. The current scenario of CBPP disease epidemiology in sub-Saharan Africa requires that proactive measures are taken to safeguard countries in southern Africa which are currently free from CBPP from being con- taminated by the disease thus affecting the beef industry and people’s livelihoods; and to progres- sively control the disease in endemic zones of Western and Central Africa.
    keywords: actions; adobe; affected; africa; amanfu; animal; areas; botswana; bovine; bovine pleuropneumonia; cattle; cbpp; central; consultative; contagious; contagious bovine; continent; control; countries; development; diagnosis; disease; early; east; epidemiological; eradication; false; fao; field; free; group; iaea; ibar; infected; international; italy; lungsickness; major; meeting; mmmsc; mycoides; new; oie; outbreaks; pdf; pleuropneumonia; prevention; provost; regional; research; rinderpest; rome; services; south; southern; spread; surveillance; thiaucourt; true; use; vaccination; vaccines; veterinary; zones
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        item: #394 of 505
          id: ojvr-552
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2012-12-21
       words: 438
      flesch: 36
     summary: We would like to take this opportunity to thank all reviewers who participated in shaping this volume of Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research: Abdalla Latif Alan Walker Amanda Lochner Andrew Mercer Andrew Potts Anita Michel Annemarie Avenant-Oldewage Annemarie Labuscagne Arthur Spickett Banie Penzhorn Basil Allsopp Bernard Faye Braam Bezuidenhoud David Gray Dionne Crafford Dirk Berkvens Dmitry Apanaskevich Estelle Venter Evelyn Madoroba Flip van Schalkwyk Francois Malan Fred Potgieter Fredrick Kivaria Fritz Huchzermeyer Geoffrey Fosgate Gert Venter Gift Matope Heloise Heyne Henriette van Heerden Henrik Christensen In an effort to facilitate the selection of appropriate peer reviewers for Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, we ask that you take a moment to update your electronic portfolio on www.ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts. Reviewer Acknowledgement Open Accesshttp://www.ojvr.org 189 Page 1 of 1 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research recognises the value and importance of the peer reviewer in the overall publication process – not only in shaping the individual manuscript, but also in shaping the credibility and reputation of our journal.
    keywords: access; andrew; details; expertise; interest; journal; manuscript; onderstepoort; peer; process; publication; research; reviewer; selection; timely; van; veterinary
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        item: #395 of 505
          id: ojvr-56
      author: Kellerman, T.S.
       title: Poisonous plants : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4155
      flesch: 52
     summary: His subsequent research on plant poisonings drew the attention of noted botanists such as J. Burtt-Davy, I.B. Pole Evans and A.O.D. Mogg, initi- ating a fruitful collaboration between botanists and veterinarians that has persisted to this day. His subsequent investigations of plant poisonings largely laid the foundation for the future Sections of Toxicology at the Institute and the Faculty of Veterinary Science (UP).
    keywords: adobe; africa; animals; aversion; botha; bufadienolides; cape; cardiac; cattle; coetzer; disease; faculty; false; fourie; future; glycoside; gousiekte; important; institute; j.p.j; joubert; journal; kellerman; labuschagne; livestock; moraea; mycotoxicoses; myocardium; naudé; onderstepoort; pdf; plant; plant poisonings; poisonings; poisonous; pretoria; pretorius; research; schultz; section; sheep; snyman; south; south africa; southern; spp; steyn; stock; study; t.s; t.w; theiler; toxicology; true; tulp; university; van; veterinary; walt; workers; years; yellow
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        item: #396 of 505
          id: ojvr-562
      author: None
       title: ojvr-562
        date: None
       words: 2409
      flesch: 45
     summary: Other large-scale studies of helminths in African buffaloes have been based on faecal egg counts (e.g. Caron, Cross & Du Toit 2003; Penzhorn 2000), which do not identify nematodes at the species level and which cannot be considered reliable for assessing the size of nematode burdens (Penzhorn 2000; Reinecke 1983). Article Information Authors: William A. Taylor1,2 John D. Skinner1,† Joop Boomker3,4 Affiliations: 1Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa 2Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, United States of America3Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa 4Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Correspondence to: William Taylor Postal address: PO Box 71664, Bryanston 2021, South Africa Dates: Received: 08 Jan. 2013 Accepted: 18 Apr. 2013 Published: 16 May 2013 How to cite this article: Taylor, W.A., Skinner, J.D. & Boomker, J., 2013, ‘Nematodes of the small intestine of African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer, in the Kruger National Park, South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 80(1), Art.
    keywords: african; age; animals; authors; average; binomial; boomker; buffaloes; burdens; caffer; cooperia; counts; deviance; fit; helminths; journal; knp; kruger; large; model; national; nematode; overall; park; present; pretoria; residual; small; south; south africa; species; studies; study; syncerus; university; veterinary; worms
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        item: #397 of 505
          id: ojvr-57
      author: Shaw, A.P.M.
       title: Assessing the economics of animal trypanosomosis in Africa - history and current perspectives : vector-borne diseases : trypanosomosis
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4971
      flesch: 54
     summary: This article reviews the history of economic analyses of the problem, starting with the use of cost to guide choice of technique for tsetse control in the 1950s, followed by work in the 1970s and 1980s linking these to the impact of the disease on livestock productivity, and in the 1990s to its wider impact. Thus, by 1950, costs were being analysed in order both to inform choice of technique and to improve tsetse control methods.
    keywords: a.p.m; adobe; africa; animal; approach; areas; benefits; cattle; component; control; cost; countries; decision; disease; distribution; doran; draught; economics; elimination; example; false; field; fig; future; gilbert; hendrickx; high; impact; insecticide; isolated; itc; km2; livestock; losses; making; map; methods; money; need; new; number; onderstepoort; pdf; period; population; potential; presence; present; production; productivity; programme; range; research; shaw; species; spraying; studies; study; swallow; systems; technique; terms; torr; true; trypanosomosis; tsetse; uganda; use; veterinary; west; wint; work; year
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        item: #398 of 505
          id: ojvr-572
      author: None
       title: ojvr-572
        date: None
       words: 2635
      flesch: 41
     summary: The two-way ANOVA indicated significant differences between plasma albumin levels between uninfected breeding stock and infected wild caught fish, as well as between uninfected wild caught fish and infected wild caught fish (Table 1). Serum albumin levels differed significantly between uninfected breeding stock and uninfected wild caught fish, as well as between uninfected breeding stock and infected wild caught fish (Table 1).
    keywords: africa; albumin; authors; avenant; blood; breeding; breeding stock; burchell; changes; clarias; current; dam; effect; fish; fisheries; fishes; gariepinus; groups; gupta; haematological; health; higher; infected; infections; journal; levels; oldewage; osman; plasma; protein; research; serum; significant; south; stock; study; table; tandon; total; trypanosoma; uninfected breeding; uninfected wild; vaal; wild; woo
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        item: #399 of 505
          id: ojvr-578
      author: None
       title: ojvr-578
        date: None
       words: 3792
      flesch: 47
     summary: Crafford, J.E., Lourens, C.W., Gardner, I.A., Maclachlan, N.J. & Guthrie, A.J., 2013, ‘Passive transfer and rate of decay of maternal antibody against African horse sickness virus in South African Thoroughbred foals’, Equine Veterinary Journal 45, n.p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12015 Erasmus, B.J., 1978, ‘A new approach to polyvalent immunization against African horsesickness’, in J.T. Bryans & H. Gerber (eds.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Equine Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Publications, Princeton, pp. Hamblin, C., Mertens, P.P.C., Mellor, P.S., Burroughs, J.N. & Crowther, J.R., 1991, ‘A serogroup specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of African horse sickness viruses’, Journal of Virological Methods 31, 285–292. Henning, M.W., 1956, Animal diseases of southern Africa, 3rd edn., Central News Agency, Pretoria.
    keywords: 1988a; african; age; ahs; annual; authors; baylis; blackburn; cases; culicoides; data; disease; equine; fatality; foals; guthrie; hamblin; harare; higher; highest; horses; mellor; months; number; odds; older; period; practice; prevalence; private; rates; season; serotypes; sickness; southern; status; study; swanepoel; table; university; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; virus; yearlings; years; zimbabwe
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        item: #400 of 505
          id: ojvr-58
      author: Tait, A.
       title: The genetics of African trypanosomes : vector-borne diseases : trypanosomosis
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 860
      flesch: 26
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; acrobat; adobe; african; false; genetics; journal; onderstepoort; pdf; reader; true; trypanosomes; veterinary
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        item: #401 of 505
          id: ojvr-585
      author: None
       title: ojvr-585
        date: None
       words: 2837
      flesch: 37
     summary: PMid:15473365 Rouhou, S.C., Racil, H., Ismail, O., Trabelsi, S., Zarrouk, M., Chaouch, N. et al., 2008, Pulmonary blastomycosis: a case from Africa’, Scientific World Journal 8, 1098–1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2008.141, PMid:18979049 Schmiedt, C., Kellum, H., Legendre, A.M., Gompf, R.E, Bright, J.M., Houle, C.D. et al., 2006, ‘Cardiovascular involvement in eight dogs with Blastomyces dermatitidis infection’, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 20, 1351–1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[1351:CIIDWB]2.0.CO;2, PMid:17186849 Shelbume, S.A. & Hamill, R.J., 2012, ‘Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American blastomycosis)’ in S.J. McPhee, M.A. Papadakis& M.W. Rabow (eds.), Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment, 51st edn., p. 1497, MacGraw-Hill. This report documents P. brasiliensis and B. dermatitidis infections in beef cattle in Kenya in association with granulomas grossly indistinguishable from those caused by M. bovis. Materials and methods Top ↑ Beef cattle carcasses were inspected for tuberculosis lesions in two abattoirs in Nairobi, Kenya, between July 2009 and November 2009.
    keywords: acid; africa; animals; authors; bbltm; beef; bovine; bovis; brasiliensis; carcasses; cases; cattle; cells; dermatitidis; diagnosis; dimorphic; endemic; et al; fast; fungal; fungi; granulomatous; health; infection; journal; kenya; lesions; lymph; medical; medium; mycobacterium; nairobi; nodes; oie; paracoccidioides; paracoccidioidomycosis; present; region; report; reported; samples; smears; tuberculosis; veterinary; walmsley
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        item: #402 of 505
          id: ojvr-59
      author: Ilemobade, A.A.
       title: Tsetse and trypanosomosis in Africa : the challenges, the opportunities : vector-borne diseases : trypanosomosis
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4995
      flesch: 44
     summary: Tsetse and Trypanosomosis (T & T) is one of the trans- boundary insect pest and disease problems that constitute a key bottleneck to sustainable agricul- ture and rural development (SARD) in sub-Saharan Africa, including South Africa. This programme seeks through the FAO, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), African Union (AU) and World Health Organization (WHO) to ensure a coordinated and sustainable ap- proach through the development and implementa- tion of integrated interventions against T & T. PAAT is concerned with providing affected countries and the donor community with the information needed both to improve understanding and to facilitate poli- cy, technical, financial and decision-making with re- spect to interventions, including the underlying pest management principles.
    keywords: 2001; adobe; affected; africa; agricultural; animal; approach; areas; bruce; cattle; challenge; continent; control; countries; crop; development; disease; distribution; drug; elimination; environment; eradication; false; fao; farmers; fly; food; glossina; health; humans; impact; increase; intervention; land; livestock; major; natural; opportunities; paat; pattec; pdf; people; population; presence; problem; production; productivity; research; resources; result; rome; rural; saharan; sard; species; sub; support; sustainable; technologies; time; toit; true; trypanosomosis; tsetse; use; veterinary; vulnerability; years; zululand
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        item: #403 of 505
          id: ojvr-593
      author: None
       title: ojvr-593
        date: None
       words: 6721
      flesch: 45
     summary: The historical perspectives of peste des petits ruminants incursion into Tanzania    • Field investigation of the incursion of peste des petits ruminants    • Clinical and pathological investigation • Laboratory techniques    • Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for peste des petits ruminants    • Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and lineage definition    • Investigation on the persistence of peste de petits ruminants    • Investigation on the spread of peste des petits ruminants in Tanzania • Results    • Field investigations on the incursion of peste des petits ruminants       • Clinical signs: Macro- and microscopical lesions       • Cross-sectional study results       • Serological results and risk indicators for positive serological status against peste des petits ruminants       • Characterisation of the strain and determination of its geographical lineage       • Persistence and spread of peste des petits ruminants • Discussion • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References • Footnote Abstract Top ↑ Peste des petits ruminants virus, which causes a severe disease in sheep and goats, has only recently been officially declared to be present in Tanzania. TABLE 3A: Estimation of effective reproductive number for peste des petits ruminants virus infection of pastoral sheep and goat flocks in Tanzania, using average lifespan and age indices.
    keywords: agro; analysis; animals; antibodies; areas; arusha; average; case; centre; clinical; competitive; control; country; detection; development; disease; districts; east; effective; epidemic; epidemiological; estimates; farming; field; figure; flocks; goats; high; incursion; infected; infection; investigation; kwiatek; laboratory; lesions; level; lineage; livestock; methods; movement; mtwara; nasal; ngorongoro; number; oie; outbreak; pastoral; pathological; pcr; period; persistence; peste; phylogenetic; population; positive; pprv; presence; prevalence; production; region; reproductive; results; rinderpest; risk; ruminants; samples; sampling; sequences; serological; seropositive; serum; sheep; signs; small; species; spread; strain; study; susceptible; table; tanzania; time; total; veterinary; villages; virus
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        item: #404 of 505
          id: ojvr-594
      author: None
       title: ojvr-594
        date: None
       words: 4677
      flesch: 41
     summary: Risk, knowledge and preventive measures of smallholder dairy farmers in northern Malawi with regard to zoonotic brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction    • Materials and methods       • Study area, population and sampling strategy       • Knowledge and practices of dairy farmers with regard to zoonoses       • Brucella antibody and tuberculin skin test       • Statistical Analysis • Results    • Knowledge and practices of dairy farmers with regard to zoonoses    • Brucella antibody and tuberculin skin test • Discussion • Conclusion • Acknowledgments    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References Abstract Top ↑ Milk production using local cattle breed-types is an age-old practice in Malawi. Published: 28 Feb. 2014 How to cite this article: Tebug, S.F., Njunga, G.R., Chagunda, M.G.G., Mapemba, J.P., Awah-Ndukum, J. & Wiedemann, S., 2014, ‘Risk, knowledge and preventive measures of smallholder dairy farmers in northern Malawi with regard to zoonotic brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(1), Art.
    keywords: africa; agricultural; animals; antibodies; authors; awareness; banda; bovine; brucella; brucellosis; btb; cattle; consumption; dairy; dairy farmers; development; disease; et al; farmers; farming; farms; health; high; higher; human; infection; journal; kazwala; knowledge; livestock; malawi; milk; mzuzu; northern; oie; participants; population; practices; prevalence; preventive; production; public; regard; region; research; risk; schoonman; skin; smallholder; study; survey; swai; systems; table; tanzania; tebug; test; transmission; tropical; tuberculin; tuberculosis; university; unpasteurised; veterinary; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #405 of 505
          id: ojvr-611
      author: None
       title: ojvr-611
        date: None
       words: 4449
      flesch: 51
     summary: Tilapia sparrmanii specimens were found to be more frequently infected by eye diplostomid metacercariae than P. philander. The power of phylogenetic analysis is undermined by the lack of parasite sequences in the Genbank database and therefore renders a limitation into complete characterisation of these organisms.
    keywords: acetabulum; africa; analysis; anterior; authors; body; brain; cavity; clarias; cranial; dam; diplostomid; diplostomulum; electron; end; ethanol; eye; eyes; figure; fish; freshwater; gariepinus; gauteng; genbank; hindbody; larval; light; limpopo; mashonense; medunsa; metacercariae; microscopy; molecular; morphological; non; oral; organisms; parasites; philander; phylogenetic; polymerase; posterior; present; province; pseudocrenilabrus; reaction; receptors; research; sequences; similar; south; sparrmanii; species; specimens; study; sucker; tegument; tilapia; university; vitreous
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        item: #406 of 505
          id: ojvr-612
      author: None
       title: ojvr-612
        date: None
       words: 10990
      flesch: 36
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v68i4.896, PMid:9561499 Nansen, P., Larsen, M., Gronvold, J., Wolstrup, J., Zorn, A. & Henriksen, S.A., 1995, ‘Prevention of clinical trichostrongylidosis in calves by strategic feeding with the predacious fungus Duddingtonia flagrans’, Parasitology Research 81, 371–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931496, PMid:7501634 Novobilsky, A., Mueller-Harvey, I. & Thamsborg, S.M., 2011, ‘Condensed tannins act against cattle nematodes’, Veterinary Parasitology 182, 213–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.003, PMid:21726942 Obwolo, M.J., Hill, F.W.G., Nyathi, C.B., Ogaa, J.S., Odiawo, G.O. & Llwelyn, C.A., 1992, ‘Studies on indigenous cattle under traditional management in Zimbabwe: 1. Endoparasites’, Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 23, 101–106. Although AH resistance of cattle nematodes has appeared to develop more slowly than those of small ruminants, literature suggests a rapidly escalating problem with 145 documented cases of AH resistance (Sutherland & Leathwick 2011).
    keywords: adult; africa; animals; antelope; anthelmintic; areas; axei; beef; calves; cattle; cattle nematodes; claerebout; clinical; commercial; communal; conditions; contortus; control; cooperia; cows; cross; dairy; development; different; domestic; dry; effect; effective; egg; epidemiology; et al; eysker; faecal; farming; farms; free; gasbarre; gastrointestinal; gastrointestinal nematode; genera; goats; grazing; haemonchus; helminth; high; higher; highveld; horak; host; important; infections; infective; jooste; journal; larvae; levels; low; madzingira; management; measures; mixed; moyo et; mukaratirwa; nematode; nematode infections; nematode species; number; obwolo; onderstepoort; ostertagia; pandey; pandey et; parasites; parasitic; parasitology; pasture; pectinata; period; pfukenyi; pfukenyi et; pge; placei; prevalence; production; punctata; radiatum; rainfall; rainy; region; reinecke; research; resistance; ruminants; season; sheep; small; south; species; stages; strategic; studies; survival; susceptible; systems; table; thamsborg; transmission; treatment; trichostrongylus; trichuris; tropical; use; v.s.; van; vassilev; vercruysse; veterinary; veterinary journal; veterinary parasitology; wild; worm; wyk; young; zimbabwe; zimbabwe veterinary
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        item: #407 of 505
          id: ojvr-614
      author: None
       title: ojvr-614
        date: None
       words: 3745
      flesch: 36
     summary: Assessment of acquired immune response to Rhipicephalus appendiculatus tick infestation in different goat breeds In This Research Communication... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Material and methods    • Experimental animals    • Acquired immune response assessments in goats       • Tick infestation       • Blood samples       • Electrophoresis and Serum proteins       • Statistical Analyses • Results    • Gamma globulin levels    • Comparison between breeds    • Engorged female tick mass    • Numbers of females completing the blood meal • Ethical considerations • Discussion    • Gamma globulin levels    • Engorged female tick mass    • Numbers of females completing the blood meal • Conclusion • Acknowledgement    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References Abstract Top ↑ Changes in serum gamma globulin levels, numbers of replete female ticks and engorged tick mass were used as parameters to monitor the acquired immune response (antibody mediated immune response) elicited by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations. It is therefore important to determine the potential of different goat breeds to acquire a natural resistance against tick infestation.
    keywords: acari; adult; african; african indigenous; amblyomma; animals; appendiculatus; bechara; blood; bred; bred goats; breeds; campus; cattle; consecutive; control; cross; engorged; experimental; female; gamma; gamma globulin; globulin; globulin levels; goats; host; immune; indigenous; indigenous goats; infestation; ixodidae; journal; levels; limpopo; mass; mean; medunsa; nguni; numbers; rechav; replete; research; resistance; response; rhipicephalus; saanen; saanen goats; serum; significant; south; south african; tick; university; veterinary
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        item: #408 of 505
          id: ojvr-62
      author: Vale, G.A.
       title: Prospects for controlling trypanosomosis : vector-borne diseases : trypanosomosis
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 3781
      flesch: 54
     summary: Much has been done to implement various methods of tsetse control, but the flies continue to occupy + 10 million km2 (Rogers & Robinson 2004), much as in Bruce’s time. Whether this can speed the previously slow progress will depend on overcoming past hindrances to tsetse control: sporadic support, disputes over its desirability, difficulties of sustaining international operations, and poor planning in some instances.
    keywords: /qfactor; adobe; aerial; african; application; area; artificial; baits; cabi; campaigns; cattle; clearance; control; controlling; costs; dfid; false; fly; g.a; hargrove; help; holmes; insecticide; invasion; kgori; km2; large; m.a; maudlin; methods; miles; operations; p.h; pdf; planning; progress; prospects; robinson; rttcp; run; s.j; scale; shaw; sit; spraying; sterile; targets; technical; technique; torr; true; trypanosomosis; tsetse; use; vale; veterinary; wallingford
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        item: #409 of 505
          id: ojvr-63
      author: Perry, B.D.
       title: Economic impacts of tick-borne diseases in Africa : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 881
      flesch: 28
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; acrobat; adobe; africa; b.d; diseases; false; impacts; onderstepoort; pdf; reader; tick; true
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        item: #410 of 505
          id: ojvr-635
      author: None
       title: ojvr-635
        date: None
       words: 4002
      flesch: 50
     summary: Furthermore, 91% of positive samples for T. lestoquardi/ T. annulata were differentiated as T. lestoquardi and 9% were found to have a mixed T. annulata and T. lestoquardi infection. Theileria species infection was microscopically detected in 18.6% of blood smears.
    keywords: amplification; anatolicum; annulata; areas; blood; chain; different; differentiation; dna; et al; infection; iran; ixodid; khorasan; lestoquardi; method; molecular; nested; ovis; parasitology; pcr; polymerase; positive; products; province; razavi; razmi; reaction; research; restriction; results; rflp; samples; semi; sheep; small; smears; south; species; study; t. ovis; theileria; theileria annulata; theileria lestoquardi; theileria species; ticks; total; turanicus; veterinary
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        item: #411 of 505
          id: ojvr-64
      author: McKeever, D.
       title: Trends in the control of theileriosis in sub-Saharan Africa : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 882
      flesch: 26
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; adobe; africa; control; false; immunization; pdf; reader; saharan; sub; treatment; true; veterinary
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        item: #412 of 505
          id: ojvr-644
      author: None
       title: ojvr-644
        date: None
       words: 5047
      flesch: 51
     summary: In conclusion, the highly coiled cerebellar vermis, flocculus and paraflocculus, as well as the conspicuous pyramids and olivary prominence are indicative of a good motor coordination and balance in the African giant pouched rat. There is lack of information on the functional morphology of the brain of the African giant pouched rat.
    keywords: adult; african; african giant; ahmadu; anatomy; animals; authors; balance; bello; body; brain; brainstem; bulbs; caudal; caudal colliculi; cerebellum; cerebral; colliculi; cricetomys; developed; diencephalon; distinct; dorsal; figure; fissure; fourth; gambianus; geniculate; giant; grasscutter; gross; ibe; impulses; journal; large; lateral; medial; medulla; morphology; motor; myelencephalon; neocortex; nerve; nigeria; oblongata; olfactory; olivary; pons; present; prominent; pyramids; rat; rats; relative; research; rodent; rostral; size; study; sulci; sulcus; surface; transverse; university; ventral; ventricle; vermis; veterinary; view; visible; waterhouse
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        item: #413 of 505
          id: ojvr-65
      author: Barbet, A.F.
       title: Persistence mechanisms in tick-borne diseases : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 5415
      flesch: 50
     summary: Although the ehrlichias express a related group of variable but immunoprotective (Nyika, Mahan et al. 1998; Nyika, Barbet et al. 2002; Yager, Bitsaktsis et al. 2005) OMPs to the MSP2s of the anaplasmas, they do not appear to have a similar system of anti- genic variation that involves extensive recombina- tion into a single genomic expression site. Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a related species to A. marginale which, although known for > 200 years as a pathogen of ruminants (cases in more than 300 000 Norwegian lambs annually) (Stuen 2007), is now causing severe infections in dogs and hu- mans (Dumler, Choi et al. 2005; Lester, Breitschwerdt et al. 2005; Poitout, Shinozaki et al. 2005; Dumler, Barat et al. 2007; Jensen, Simon et al. 2007; Beall, Chandrashekar et al. 2008; Kohn, Galke et al. 2008).
    keywords: 2007; a.f; adobe; african; allred; analysis; anaplasma; antigenic; babesia; barbet; barry; bovis; brayton; brucei; cowdria; different; diseases; ehrlichia; et al; expression; false; g.h; gene; genome; genomic; heartwater; immunity; infected; infection; j.d; jongejan; journal; k.a; knowles; lin; lundgren; m.j; mahan; major; marginale; mechanisms; meeus; membrane; methods; microbiology; molecular; msp2; new; omp; organisms; palmer; paralogs; parasitology; persistence; phagocytophilum; protein; pseudogenes; related; repertoire; research; rikihisa; ruminantium; s.m; science; sequence; size; strains; surface; tick; true; trypanosomes; use; van; variable; variant; variation; vesa1; veterinary; wang
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        item: #414 of 505
          id: ojvr-66
      author: Schoeman, J.P.
       title: Canine babesiosis : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 5801
      flesch: 50
     summary: Members of the genus Babesia readily para- sitize the red blood cells of dogs, causing progres- sive anaemia. Babesia canis and another novel, as yet unnamed Babesia sp. de- tected in the USA (large Babesia) and Babesia gib- soni and Babesia annae (small Ba besia) have been documented to infect dogs (Bir kenheuer, Neel, Rus- lander, Levy & Breidschwerdt 2004).
    keywords: 2002; acute; adobe; africa; anaemia; annae; areas; association; babesia; babesiosis; birkenheuer; blood; blue; canine; canine babesiosis; canis; capillary; cases; cells; cerebral; chronic; clinical; common; days; diagnosis; diminazene; disease; dogs; endemic; failure; false; findings; gibsoni; haemolytic; high; higher; hypoglycaemia; icterus; immune; infection; j.p; jacobson; journal; keller; l.s; large; leisewitz; levy; lobetti; low; marked; miller; mmol/ℓ; mortality; non; pancreatitis; parasitaemia; parasites; parasitology; pcr; penzhorn; positive; present; r.g; red; renal; response; reyers; risk; rossi; schoeman; severe; small; south; species; spp; syndrome; therapy; thompson; ticks; transfusion; treatment; true; trypan; usa; veterinary; virulent; vogeli
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        item: #415 of 505
          id: ojvr-67
      author: Horak, I.G.
       title: A century of tick taxonomy in South Africa : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4342
      flesch: 53
     summary: Ornithodoros compactus Walton, 1962 Ornithodoros porcinus Walton, 1962 Ornithodoros zumpti Heisch & Guggisberg, 1953 * Not listed in references 71 I.G. HORAK TABLE 3 South African ticks, other than Rhipicephalus species, described by foreign researchers, for which additional descriptions have been produced by researchers in South Africa since 1908 Species and authors* Descriptions by researchers working in South Africa** Amblyomma hebraeum Koch, 1844 Amblyomma marmoreum Koch, 1844 Amblyomma nuttalli Dönitz, 1909 Amblyomma sylvaticum (De Geer, 1778) Amblyomma tholloni Neumann, 1899 Of these 879 spe- cies, 80 ixodid and 25 argasid species and N. na- maqua occur in South Africa.
    keywords: acari; adobe; africa; amblyomma; animal; apanaskevich; argas; argasid; arthur; authors; bedford; boophilus; c.m; clifford; collection; descriptions; dönitz; false; foreign; genus; gertrud; group; haemaphysalis; hoogstraal; horak; hyalomma; i.g; industry; ixodes; ixodidae; ixodoidea; j.e; jane; journal; keirans; koch; namaqua; neumann; new; nov; onderstepoort; onderstepoort journal; parasitology; pegram; references; research; researchers; rhipicephalus; science; south; south africa; southern; species; survey; theiler; ticks; true; veterinary; walker; zoological; zumpt
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        item: #416 of 505
          id: ojvr-675
      author: None
       title: ojvr-675
        date: None
       words: 4170
      flesch: 47
     summary: ELISA plates were coated with a recombinant nucleoprotein. Article Information Authors: Charlotte E. Ellis1 Vuyokazi E. Mareledwane1 Roy Williams1 David B. Wallace2 Phelix A.O. Majiwa1 Affiliations: 1Molecular Epidemiology and Diagnostics Programme, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa 2New Generation Vaccine Programme, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa Correspondence to: Charlotte Ellis Postal address: Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa Dates: Received: 27 Aug. 2013 Accepted: 11 Feb. 2014 Published: 27 May 2014 How to cite this article: Ellis, C.E., Mareledwane, V.E., Williams, R., Wallace, D.B. & Majiwa, P.A.O., 2014, ‘Validation of an ELISA for the concurrent detection of total antibodies (IgM and IgG) to Rift Valley fever virus’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(1), Art.
    keywords: africa; animals; antibodies; antigen; antigen elisa; arc; capture; commercial; conjugate; control; dag; dag elisa; day; detection; diagnostic; double; elisa; et al; fever; figure; igg; igm; institute; negative; nucleoprotein; onderstepoort; plates; positive; pre; protein; recombinant; research; results; rift; rvfv; sensitivity; sera; sheep; south; specificity; study; table; tested; use; validation; valley; valley fever; values; veterinary; virus; williams
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        item: #417 of 505
          id: ojvr-676
      author: None
       title: ojvr-676
        date: None
       words: 4470
      flesch: 43
     summary: The high prevalence of viable cysts in the edible parts of beef together with the widespread consumption of raw or undercooked beef indicated the importance of T. saginata cysticercosis as a food safety problem in eastern Ethiopia. Formulating a strategy for controlling the associated disease prevalence is a first step in the management of disease, but the epidemiological data for T. saginata cysticercosis in Ethiopia are inadequate to develop effective recommendations.
    keywords: abattoir; abunna; beef; bovine; cattle; consumption; cysticerci; cysticercosis; cysts; distribution; dorny; eastern; edible; endris; et al; ethiopia; food; harar; health; heart; infected; inspection; liver; meat; megersa; mortem; municipal; muscle; national; negussie; people; presence; prevalence; public; questionnaire; raw; regional; reported; safety; saginata; saginata cysticercosis; saginata taeniosis; shoulder; state; status; study; survey; table; taenia; taeniosis; town; undercooked; university; veterinary; viability
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        item: #418 of 505
          id: ojvr-68
      author: Palmer, G.H.
       title: Sir Arnold Theiler and the discovery of anaplasmosis : a centennial perspective : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 3905
      flesch: 44
     summary: stricto A. marginale strains examined to date. On this oc- casion of the 100th anniversary of both Theiler’s original identification of A. marginale and the found- ing of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, I am honoured to have been invited to present this lec- ture and daunted by the challenge of reviewing Thei ler’s work from a centennial perspective.
    keywords: 2007; acute; adobe; africa; agent; alleles; anaplasma; anaplasmosis; animal; arnold; bacteremia; basis; blood; brayton; cattle; centennial; centrale; complete; cyclic; d.p; development; different; discovery; disease; distinct; ehrlichia; false; futse; g.h; genome; genus; immunity; infection; initial; journal; k.a; knowles; levels; marginale; microbiology; observations; palmer; pathogen; pdf; persistence; perspective; report; research; rurangirwa; second; sir; south; specific; strain; subsequent; superinfection; theiler; transmission; true; understanding; vaccine; variants; veterinary; virulent
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        item: #419 of 505
          id: ojvr-69
      author: Allsopp, B.A.
       title: Trends in the control of heartwater : tick-borne diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 6572
      flesch: 48
     summary: The map1 gene had been shown to provide some protection when presented as a DNA vaccine, even though there were reasons to believe that it might not be a good choice for recombinant vaccine development, so further work was carried out to determine how the protection stimulated by the putative ABC trans- porter genes compared with that stimulated by other cocktails of E. ruminantium genes (Pretorius, Col- lins, Steyn, Van Strijp, Van Kleef & Allsopp 2007). The name was later changed to Cowdria ruminantium (Moshkovski 1947) and much more recently molecular phyloge- netic evidence has shown that the heartwater agent is in fact a species of Ehrlichia which is now known as E. ruminantium (Dumler, Barbet, Bekker, Dasch, Palmer, Ray, Rikihisa & Rurangirwa 2001).
    keywords: a.f; adobe; africa; allsopp; animals; area; attenuated; b.a; barbet; bezuidenhout; blood; brayton; burridge; cattle; cells; challenge; collins; control; cowdria; culture; development; different; disease; dna; effective; ehrlichia; endemic; experimental; false; field; genes; goats; heartwater; heterologous; homologous; immunity; inactivated; infected; infection; jongejan; josemans; journal; kleef; levels; m.j; m.t; mahan; maillard; map1; merino; mice; natural; needle; neitz; new; onderstepoort; organisms; pretorius; procedure; protection; protein; recombinant; research; ruminantium; ruminants; s.m; science; sheep; south; steyn; strain; strijp; tick; treatment; true; use; vaccination; vaccine; van; vector; veterinary; virulent; welgevonden; years; zweygarth
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        item: #420 of 505
          id: ojvr-70
      author: Penrith, M-L.
       title: African swine fever : transboundary diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4231
      flesch: 53
     summary: The relationship between African swine fever virus, the warthog and Ornithodoros species in southern Africa, in African swine fever, edited by P.J. Wilkinson. Studies in pigs infected with African swine fever virus (Malta/78), in African swine fever, edited by P.J. Wilkinson.
    keywords: 2004b; 2007; a.d.s; adobe; affected; african; african swine; animal; asf; bastos; control; countries; cycle; disease; distribution; domestic; epidemiology; false; fever; fever virus; free; g.r; genetic; grandes; haresnape; health; high; infected; infection; international; j.m; journal; lubisi; moubata; mozambique; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; outbreaks; p.j; pdf; penrith; pigs; plowright; pérez; research; resistance; rock; sanchez; southern; spread; swine; swine fever; thomson; ticks; transmission; true; van; veterinary; virology; virus; viruses; warthogs; wilkinson; world
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        item: #421 of 505
          id: ojvr-705
      author: None
       title: ojvr-705
        date: None
       words: 4148
      flesch: 44
     summary: Clinical monitoring took place from 0–120 h post turpentine or saline injection, and 37 days later. Turpentine oil is naturally derived and is mainly composed of the monoterpenes alpha-pinene and beta-pinene (Mercier, Prost & Prost 2009).
    keywords: africa; animals; authors; babesia; babesiosis; bigemina; blood; bovine; bovis; caballi; cattle; cells; changes; clinical; comparison; control; counts; cultures; day; days; different; diminazene; dose; effect; groups; imidocarb; increase; infected; injection; journal; laboratory; medicinal; naidoo; oil; onderstepoort; parameters; parasites; pathology; post; pretoria; product; research; response; results; samples; south; study; table; test; treatment; turpentine; university; use; value; veterinary
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        item: #422 of 505
          id: ojvr-706
      author: None
       title: ojvr-706
        date: None
       words: 8051
      flesch: 46
     summary: 12 Feb. 2014 Published: 15 Apr. 2014 How to cite this article: Khan, S.H., 2014, ‘The use of green tea (Camellia sinensis) as a phytogenic substance in poultry diets’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(1), Art. The use of green tea (Camellia sinensis) as a phytogenic substance in poultry diets In This Review Article... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction    • Chemical components       • Amino acids       • Carbohydrates       • Minerals • Anticoccidial and antimicrobial effects of green tea    • Anticoccidial effects    • Antiviral effects    • Effects on intestinal flora • Effect of green tea on broilers' performance • Effect of green tea on layers' performance • Effect of green tea on blood and egg yolk constituents • Conclusion • Acknowledgement    • Competing interests • References Abstract Top ↑
    keywords: abdo; acids; activity; addition; additives; amino; animal; anti; anticoccidial; antimicrobial; antiviral; australasian; avian; bacteria; biswas; blood; body; broiler; caecal; camellia; catechins; chemical; chickens; chicks; chinese; chinese green; cholesterol; colour; components; composition; compounds; constituents; content; control; derivatives; dietary; diets; differences; different; effect; egc; egg; et al; extract; feed; flora; food; gain; green tea; group; growth; hara; hens; high; infection; influenza; intake; intestinal; japanese; japanese green; journal; korean; l/100; layers; leaves; levels; liver; meat; microflora; performance; phytogenic; plasma; polyphenols; poultry; production; products; properties; quality; research; results; review; science; significant; sinensis; spores; studies; study; supplementation; tea catechins; tea extract; tea leaves; tea polyphenols; tea powder; total; treatments; use; uuganbayar; virus; wakita; weight; yang; yolk
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        item: #423 of 505
          id: ojvr-707
      author: None
       title: ojvr-707
        date: None
       words: 2568
      flesch: 44
     summary: Causes of exophthalmoses include: orbital abscess, orbital cellulitis, orbital cyst, eosinophilic myositis, lacrimal gland disease, foreign body granuloma, haematoma and trauma (Boydell 1991). Reports on orbital parasitic cysts are uncommon in veterinary literature and have been attributed to hydatidosis, cysticercosis and T. serialis in a horse, hogs and pet rabbits, respectively (Barnett et al. 1988; Cardenas-Ramirez et al. 1984; Holmberg et al. 2007; O’Reilly et al. 2002; Wills 2001).
    keywords: authors; ball; cerebralis; clinical; coenuri; coenurosis; coenurus; congestion; conjunctiva; cyst; egypt; enucleation; epithelium; et al; ewe; eye; fat; figure; goats; haridy; hooks; ibechukwu; journal; left; multiceps; neutrophils; orbital; pathology; pet; present; research; scolices; serialis; sheep; south; study; taenia; tissue; university; valley; veterinary
       cache: ojvr-707.htm
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        item: #424 of 505
          id: ojvr-71
      author: Erasmus, B.J.
       title: African horsesickness : transboundary diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 878
      flesch: 29
     summary: (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; acrobat; adobe; african; ahs; b.j; false; horsesickness; journal; onderstepoort; pdf; reader; research; true
       cache: ojvr-71.pdf
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        item: #425 of 505
          id: ojvr-710
      author: None
       title: ojvr-710
        date: None
       words: 4310
      flesch: 51
     summary: The present study was planned to determine the prevalence of congenital fetlock knuckling and to ascertain the benefit of using a low-toxicity dose of oxytetracycline continuously for 3 days supplementary to the application of splints in neonatal calves with this type of moderate bilateral deformity. Considering the nephrotoxic potential of high doses of oxytetracycline in neonatal calves, the benefit of its use in knuckling calves needs to be confirmed.
    keywords: abnormalities; additional; affected; agricultural; anderson; angle; animals; application; aspect; bilateral; calf; calves; cattle; congenital; dairy; days; defects; deformities; deformity; dose; edn; effect; ferguson; fetlock; fetlock knuckling; group; high; india; joints; kashmir; knuckling; left; limb; mean; moderate; neonatal; oxytetracycline; present; s.e; sciences; sher; single; splints; study; technology; tendons; treatment; university; use; veterinary; weight; ° ±
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        item: #426 of 505
          id: ojvr-711
      author: None
       title: ojvr-711
        date: None
       words: 5509
      flesch: 38
     summary: It was shown that canid rabies viruses conformed to a single reactivity pattern, whereas mongoose rabies viruses had several variations in their reactivity patterns (King et al. 1993). Furthermore, rabies virus was further delineated into two common rabies biotypes in South Africa: canid and mongoose.
    keywords: a.i; africa; analysis; antibody; antigenic; bat; bingham; biotype; c.t; canid; cases; davis; different; diseases; distribution; domestic; epidemiology; et al; figure; geographic; host; institute; intergenic; isolates; journal; king; l.h; lyssavirus; mab; mabs; min; mokola; mokv; molecular; mongoose; mongoose rabies; monoclonal; nadin; nel; nucleoprotein; nucleotide; observed; onderstepoort; panel; patterns; phylogenetic; present; rabies; rabies virus; rabv; reaction; reactivity; region; research; sabeta; sequence; sequencing; south; south africa; southern; species; staining; studies; study; table; typing; variants; veterinary; virus; viruses; wandeler; zimbabwe
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        item: #427 of 505
          id: ojvr-713
      author: None
       title: ojvr-713
        date: None
       words: 6686
      flesch: 37
     summary: In situ observation of infrastructural setup       • Retrospective data collection       • Discussions with district agricultural officers       • Discussions with concerned regional bureaus • Results    • Reported livestock diseases       • Cattle       • Small ruminants       • Poultry       • Equine       • Small animals    • Current status of service delivery       • Existing practices by farmers       • Expenditure on veterinary services       • Existing practices in government service delivery       • Existing premises in government service delivery       • Existing practices and facilities in private veterinary service       • Reason for engagement in private service       • Farmers’ preference • Level of satisfaction • Expectations for privatisation • Constraints for veterinary service delivery    • Government veterinary service    • Private veterinary service • Private veterinary service The constraints in private veterinary service delivery are listed in Table 7.
    keywords: administrative; african; agriculture; allocation; animal; animal health; annual; assessment; availability; available; average; budget; bureau; clinical; clinics; community; constraints; control; cost; countries; current; data; delivery; development; discussions; disease; district; drugs; economic; ethiopia; facilities; farmers; figure; gondar; government; government service; group; health; health service; implementation; important; improvement; individuals; international; lack; level; livestock; management; need; north; plan; poor; practices; practitioners; preferred; price; private; private sector; private service; private veterinary; privatisation; problems; production; productivity; professionals; public; quality; regional; respondents; sector; service; service delivery; small; study; survey; sustainable; table; terms; total; use; vaccination; veterinary; veterinary service; working; zone
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        item: #428 of 505
          id: ojvr-716
      author: None
       title: ojvr-716
        date: None
       words: 4905
      flesch: 43
     summary: Whilst Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium africanum (M. africanum) are said to be the main pathogens of human TB, Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is thought to be the main causative agent of BTB. Whilst most studies give the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection in cattle as ≤1.00%, there are a few exceptions, like Algeria and Sudan with 6.20% and 7.40% prevalence, respectively (Ocepak et al. 2005; Boulahbal, Benelmouffok & Brahimi 1978; Sulieman 2002).
    keywords: acid; afb; africanum; agriculture; analysis; animals; assay; authors; biochemical; bonsu; bovine; bovine tuberculosis; bovis; breeds; btb; cattle; comparative; complex; countries; dairy; data; detection; difference; disease; dna; et al; farm; fast; ghana; health; high; human; identification; importance; infection; isolates; isolation; journal; lesions; main; manu; methods; microbiology; microscopy; molecular; mott; mtbc; mycobacterium; mycobacterium tuberculosis; positive; ppd; prevalence; reaction; research; saharan; sample; sites; skin; species; spoligotyping; study; sub; table; test; thickness; tuberculin; tuberculosis; university; veterinary; west; world; yeboah
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        item: #429 of 505
          id: ojvr-718
      author: None
       title: ojvr-718
        date: None
       words: 2630
      flesch: 45
     summary: The aim of this research study was to determine FMDV infection status among buffalo and cattle herds in selected livestock-wildlife interface areas. FIGURE 2: FMDV infection status in buffalos from four selected Tanzanian national parks.
    keywords: analysis; animals; antibodies; areas; buffalo; cattle; development; disease; elisa; fmdv; foot; herds; infection; interface; laboratory; livestock; mikumi; mkomazi; mouth; national; non; nsp; number; parks; positive; proteins; research; results; samples; serum; status; structural; study; table; tanzania; terms; test; values; veterinary; virus; wildlife
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        item: #430 of 505
          id: ojvr-719
      author: None
       title: ojvr-719
        date: None
       words: 4119
      flesch: 47
     summary: The authors wish to thank Mr. Amoniche Mtweve from Mbulu District Council for his invaluable organisational support during field work; we further thank the Mbulu District officials for their amicable acceptance of this study in their district. The population of Mbulu community is dominated by males (NBS 2012).
    keywords: a.l; access; area; article; authors; communities; community; consumption; control; cysticercosis; dar; defaecation; disease; district; et al; factors; food; free; gender; hcc; health; human; hygiene; improper; indiscriminate; infected; information; inspection; journal; males; mbulu; mbulu district; meat; men; methods; mwang’onde; nbs; ngowi; open; pcc; people; pigs; population; porcine; pork; practice; prevalence; public; range; research; risk; salaam; slaughter; slaughtering; social; solium; study; system; tanzania; toilets; tropical; undercooked; university; use; willingham
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        item: #431 of 505
          id: ojvr-72
      author: Verwoerd, D.W.
       title: History of bluetongue research at Onderstepoort : transboundary diseases
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 2912
      flesch: 48
     summary: KEY DISCOVERIES AND MILESTONES Adaptation to cultivation in embryonated eggs Following the successful cultivation and attenuation of African horsesickness virus (AHSV) in mouse brains, several attempts during the 1930s to repeat it with bluetongue virus (BTV) failed. The propagation of bluetongue virus in the developing chick embryo with particular reference to the temperature of incubation.
    keywords: /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; adobe; alexander; bigalke; bluetongue; btv; capsid; cell; countries; cultivation; cultures; d.w; development; discovery; disease; eggs; false; genome; history; huismans; journal; later; new; onderstepoort; outbreaks; pdf; production; protein; research; segments; serotypes; sheep; south; strains; studies; theiler; true; vaccine; verwoerd; veterinary; viral; virus; year
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        item: #432 of 505
          id: ojvr-720
      author: None
       title: ojvr-720
        date: None
       words: 5124
      flesch: 49
     summary: Winding, W., 2007, ‘One health: Pulling animal health and public health together’, Federation of Veterinarians of Europe, viewed 30 May 2011, from http://search.babylon.com/?q=%E2%80%9COne+Health%E2%80%9D+pulling+Animal+Health+and+Public+Health+together+Brussels%2C+3+October+2007&babsrc=HP_ss&s=web&as=0 WHO, 2006a, ‘The control of neglected zoonotic diseases: A route to poverty alleviation’, in Report of a Joint WHO/DFID-AHP Meeting with the Participation of FAO and OIE, Geneva, 20–21 September, viewed 31 May 2013, from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9789241594301_eng.pdf WHO, 2008, ‘Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health’, in Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health, WHO and Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Geneva. Despite sustained efforts by health experts and policy makers, ill health still exists for both animals and humans (WHO 2006).
    keywords: africa; animals; antibiotics; appropriate; article; authors; care; causes; contents; countries; courses; curricula; cycle; determinants; development; diseases; drugs; ecology; economic; environmental; epidemiological; experts; germ; germ theory; health; hrh; human; human health; ill; ill health; infectious; lessons; life; major; medical; medicine; model; mortality; movement; new; origin; practice; primary; professionals; region; rweyemamu; schools; sdh; social; social determinants; subjects; taught; theory; time; training; transition; understanding; university; veterinarians; veterinary; vicious; work; workers; world
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        item: #433 of 505
          id: ojvr-721
      author: None
       title: ojvr-721
        date: None
       words: 4512
      flesch: 49
     summary: These findings indicated that Mbala and Kazungula districts had FMD outbreaks in 2012 that were ascribed to at least FMDV serotype SAT 2 and SAT 1 field strains. Further collection and analysis of samples, together with improved local epidemiological investigation into FMD outbreaks in countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, is required to improve our understanding of the complex epidemiology of FMD in the region.
    keywords: africa; animals; antigen; areas; authors; bastos; buffalo; bvi; cases; cattle; chain; control; disease; district; elisa; epithelial; figure; fmd; fmdv; foot; genome; higher; infectious; institute; interaction; investigation; kazungula; laboratory; lesions; livestock; mbala; mbala district; mouth; mouth disease; national; outbreaks; park; pcr; positive; probang; qrt; research; rna; samples; serotypes; southern; step; study; tanzania; thomson; time; tissues; university; values; veterinary; viral; virus; vosloo; wildlife; zambia
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        item: #434 of 505
          id: ojvr-722
      author: None
       title: ojvr-722
        date: None
       words: 558
      flesch: 44
     summary: In Tanzania, 516 rodent and nine human samples were analysed for the presence of Yersinia pestis DNA. The presence of Yersinia pestis DNA in rodents and fleas may represent evidence that infected rodents and fleas are being maintained in plague endemic areas, consistent with the hypothesised enzootic maintenance of plague elsewhere, whilst Bacillus anthracis is amplified by animals from soil into the human population.
    keywords: anthrax; dna; fleas; hang’ombe; human; pestis; plague; rodents; samples; surveillance; tanzania; university; yersinia; zambia
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        item: #435 of 505
          id: ojvr-723
      author: None
       title: ojvr-723
        date: None
       words: 496
      flesch: 40
     summary: Mmeta Yongolo2 Misheck Mulumba3 Ezekia Ranga4 Philemon N. Wambura1 Mark M. Rweyemamu1 Affiliations: 1Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania2Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Tanzania 3Southern African Development Community Secretariat, Botswana 4Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Tanzania Correspondence to: Christopher Kasanga Postal address: PO Box 3019, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania How to cite this article: Peter, E., Kasanga, C.J., Sallu, R., Mathias, M., Yongolo, M., Mulumba, M. et al., 2014, ‘Screening for foot-and-mouth disease virus in livestock-wildlife interface areas of Tanzania’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(2), Art. Jointly organised by the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and the Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research, held at the Snow Crest Hotel in Arusha, Tanzania from 16th to 19th April 2013: http://www.sacids.org/ kms/frontend/index.php?m=119.
    keywords: african; areas; buffaloes; disease; fmdv; interface; livestock; national; parks; ruaha; tanzania; virus; wildlife
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        item: #436 of 505
          id: ojvr-724
      author: None
       title: ojvr-724
        date: None
       words: 3008
      flesch: 46
     summary: TABLE 1: Overall positive sera for 3ABC-FMDV antibodies per district of lake zone. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.10.6487-6504.2005 CFSPH (The center for food security and public health), Foot and mouth disease, Iowa State University, 2007, viewed 14 July 2011, from http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu Chibunda, R.T., Makene, V.W., Pereka, A.E. & Magayane, F.T, 2006, ‘Heat intolerance syndrome with Foot and Mouth Disease in cattle in Tanzania: Occurrence and its effect on animal behaviour and physiological parameters’, Tanzania Veterinary Journal 23(2).
    keywords: animal; antigen; authors; awareness; cattle; clinical; data; detection; disease; distribution; districts; economic; figure; fmd; fmdv; foot; jullu; keepers; laboratory; lake; lake zone; livestock; long; mouth; mouth disease; occurrence; outbreaks; positive; protein; questionnaire; rainy; research; samples; selisa; serotype; serum; spatial; study; table; tanzania; temporal; tissue; veterinary; virus; zone
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        item: #437 of 505
          id: ojvr-725
      author: None
       title: ojvr-725
        date: None
       words: 4903
      flesch: 39
     summary: The median ratio of benefits to costs was around four to one with human health benefits at least equal to animal health benefits and often greater. They estimate that a US$3.4bn investment in animal health systems per annum would support these systems so that they could function effectively and efficiently, enabling them to avert the losses incurred through delayed or inadequate response.
    keywords: agriculture; animal; animal health; annual; approach; areas; article; bank; benefits; business; case; control; costs; countries; development; disease; early; ecohealth; economic; ecosystem; estimates; evidence; food; global; grace; health; human; important; information; international; interventions; investment; joint; journal; key; large; literature; livestock; losses; major; management; medical; medicine; mortality; order; outbreaks; pandemic; people; policy; recent; research; resources; response; review; savings; sectors; services; studies; surveillance; systems; table; value; veterinary; world; year; zinsstag; zoonoses
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        item: #438 of 505
          id: ojvr-726
      author: None
       title: ojvr-726
        date: None
       words: 3078
      flesch: 43
     summary: Inspired by this observation, Schwabe developed the concept of ‘one medicine’, stating that ‘human and veterinary medicine share a common body of knowledge in anatomy, physiology, pathology and the origins of diseases in all species’ (Schwabe 1964) and thereby recognising the mutual benefits available through the connection of veterinary medicine and human health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2003.08.004 Schwabe, C., 1964, Veterinary medicine and human health, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
    keywords: access; africa; animal; authors; basel; béchir; chad; children; communities; concept; cooperation; countries; demographic; diseases; ecosystem; et al; ethiopia; health; human; institute; jean; livestock; medicine; milk; mobile; mobile pastoralists; nomadic; pastoralists; phones; populations; public; research; richard; sahelian; schelling; schwabe; studies; surveillance; swiss; tanner; tropical; vaccination; veterinary; vitamin; women; zinsstag
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        item: #439 of 505
          id: ojvr-727
      author: None
       title: ojvr-727
        date: None
       words: 3696
      flesch: 40
     summary: In this study, the performance of RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP for FMDV detection on OP samples was evaluated. It has been reported previously that FMDV detection rates in OP samples are usually low in persistently-infected animals (Vosloo et al. 1996).
    keywords: 3d(pol; african; amplification; animal; assays; authors; buffalo; cattle; chain; community; design; detection; development; diagnosis; disease; dna; effective; et al; field; fmdv; foot; infectious; isothermal; journal; laboratory; lamp; lamp assays; livestock; loop; methods; mouth; mouth disease; performance; polymerase; positive; qpcr; rapid; reaction; real; region; reid; research; results; reverse; rna; samples; sensitive; serotypes; specific; study; surveillance; tanzania; time; transcription; university; vesicular; veterinary; virus
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        item: #440 of 505
          id: ojvr-728
      author: None
       title: ojvr-728
        date: None
       words: 644
      flesch: 33
     summary: Article Information Authors: Christopher J. Kasanga1 Rahana Dwarka2 Gaothlele Thobokwe3 Jemma Wadsworth4 Nick J. Knowles4 Misheck Mulumba5 Ezekia Ranga6 Jimis Deve11 Cornelius Mundia10 Patrick Chikungwa8 Laureta Joao9 Raphael Sallu7 Mmeta Yongolo7 Philemon N. Wambura1 Mark M. Rweyemamu1 Donald P. King4 Affiliation: 1Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania2Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, University of Pretoria, South Africa 3Botswana Vaccine Institute, Botswana 4WRLFMD, The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom 5Southern African Development Community Secretariat, Botswana 6Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Tanzania 7Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Tanzania 8Southern African Development Community, Transboundary Animal Diseases Section, Malawi 9Southern African Development Community, Transboundary Animal Diseases Section, Angola 10Southern African Development Community, Transboundary Animal Diseases Section, Zambia 11Southern African Development Community, Transboundary Animal Diseases Section, Mozambique Correspondence to: Christopher Kasanga Postal address: PO Box 3019, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania How to cite this article: Kasanga, C.J., Dwarka, R., Thobokwe, G., Wadsworth, J., Knowles, N.J., Mulumba, M. et al., 2014, ‘Molecular biological characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the African buffalo in southern Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(2), Art. Jointly organised by the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and the Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research, held at the Snow Crest Hotel in Arusha, Tanzania from 16th to 19th April 2013: http://www.sacids.org/ kms/frontend/index.php?m=119.
    keywords: african; animal; buffaloes; community; development; diseases; fmdv; institute; mouth; mozambique; section; southern; surveillance; tanzania; transboundary; zambia
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        item: #441 of 505
          id: ojvr-729
      author: None
       title: ojvr-729
        date: None
       words: 571
      flesch: 41
     summary: Despite the importance of FMD in southern Africa, the epidemiology of FMD virus (FMDV) and factors contributing to the endemicity of FMD infection in susceptible animal populations are not clearly known in this region. Article Information Authors: Christopher J. Kasanga1 Begoña Valdazo-González2 Rahana Dwarka3 Jemma Wadsworth2 Nick J. Knowles2 Philemon N. Wambura1 Mark M. Rweyemamu1 Misheck Mulumba4 Jimis Deve5 Donald P. King2 Affiliations: 1Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania2WRLFMD, The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom 3Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, University of Pretoria, South Africa 4Southern African Development Community Secretariat, Botswana 5Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Mozambique Correspondence to: Christopher Kasanga Postal address: PO Box 3019, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania How to cite this article: Kasanga, C.J., Valdazo-González, B., Dwarka, R., Wadsworth, J., Knowles, N.J., Wambura, P.N.et al., 2014, ‘Full genome sequencing to study the evolutionary characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in southern Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(2), Art.
    keywords: africa; article; characteristics; disease; evolutionary; fmd; fmdv; foot; genome; infectious; mouth; region; southern; study; virus
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        item: #442 of 505
          id: ojvr-73
      author: Swan, G.E.; Kriek, N.P.J.
       title: Veterinary education in Africa : current and future perspectives : animal health management in the 21st century
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 7469
      flesch: 40
     summary: The number of veterinary schools present within a country will affect the scope of veterinary training and responsibility of each school. The scope of veterinary training in future will have to emphasise veterinary public health, food safety, emerging diseases, international trade, bioterrorism, and biomedical re- search, within the context of a one-health system focusing on the interface between wildlife, domes- ticated animals, humans, and their environment.
    keywords: 2004; accreditation; adobe; africa; animal; anon; bodies; changes; clinical; community; companion; competencies; context; core; countries; current; curricula; development; diseases; economic; education; emphasis; environmental; faculties; faculty; false; fields; focus; food; future; g.e; global; health; human; impact; important; infectious; international; journal; kriek; level; livestock; major; medical; medicine; n.p.j; needs; new; onderstepoort; parts; pathogens; political; postgraduate; practice; pretoria; private; production; products; profession; programme; public; region; regional; report; required; requirements; research; responsibility; saharan; saharan africa; savc; science; scope; services; skills; society; south; south africa; spread; students; studies; sub; swan; time; trade; training; trends; true; university; use; veterinarians; veterinary; veterinary education; veterinary faculties; veterinary science; veterinary training; wildlife; willis; world; years
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        item: #443 of 505
          id: ojvr-730
      author: None
       title: ojvr-730
        date: None
       words: 623
      flesch: 43
     summary: In this study, molecular characteristics of FMD virus detected in southern Africa north of Limpopo and eastern Africa were determined using methods such as VI, antigen-ELISA, RT-LAMP, real-time RT-PCR, sequencing of the VP1 and phylogenetic analysis. The changing landscape of the molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus in southern Africa north of Limpopo and east Africa In This Abstracts... Open Access • Abstracts • Acknowledgements Abstracts Top ↑ Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in most countries of southern and eastern Africa.
    keywords: africa; disease; eastern; fmd; genome; infectious; kasanga; region; sequencing; southern; study; surveillance; tanzania; virus
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        item: #444 of 505
          id: ojvr-731
      author: None
       title: ojvr-731
        date: None
       words: 6552
      flesch: 28
     summary: For example, the Serengeti model highlighted the importance of spatial structure, with village-to-village transmission of dog rabies being more important in driving regional-scale dynamics than transmission from wildlife-protected areas; and being consistent with results of earlier studies that identified dogs, not wildlife, as being rabies reservoirs in the Serengeti (Lembo et al. 2008). Given the distinctive nature of dog rabies, recognition amongst local communities in Africa can be high (e.g. 74% of cases reported as suspect rabid animals in rural Tanzania were confirmed positive on laboratory diagnosis; Lembo et al. 2008).
    keywords: africa; animal; areas; authors; bite; burden; campaigns; canine; canine rabies; case; cleaveland; communities; control; cost; coverage; critical; culling; data; deaths; diagnosis; disease; dog; dog population; dog rabies; dog vaccination; dogs; dynamics; ecology; effective; elimination; epidemiological; epidemiology; estimates; et al; evidence; example; field; figure; glasgow; global; hampson; health; high; human; human rabies; important; incidence; institute; international; kaare; knobel; laboratory; lembo; lembo et; level; low; mass; measures; misperceptions; modelling; models; need; new; order; organization; pep; plos; population; rabies; rabies control; rabies elimination; rabies surveillance; regional; reporting; research; strategies; studies; study; support; surveillance; tanzania; transmission; tropical; united; university; use; vaccination; vaccine; veterinary; world
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        item: #445 of 505
          id: ojvr-732
      author: None
       title: ojvr-732
        date: None
       words: 2026
      flesch: 44
     summary: Forsyth, M.A. & Barrett, T., 1995, ‘Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction for the detection and characterisation of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses for epidemiological studies’, Virus Research 39, 151–163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(95)00076-3 Geerts, S., 2009, ‘Goat plague or peste des petits ruminants (PPR)’, EAZWV Transmissible Disease Fact Sheet 25, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp. As a result, PPR is on the list of economically important animal diseases whose occurrence has to be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (FAO-EMPRES 2009).Peste des petits ruminants was first described in West Africa in the 1940s (Khan et al. 2008).
    keywords: africa; agriculture; analysis; animals; authors; centre; dakawa; disease; district; empres; fao; goats; health; journal; morogoro; muse; mvomero; northern; pcr; peste; ppr; pprv; presence; primers; region; research; ruminants; samples; sokoine; southern; spread; study; tanzania; university; veterinary; virus
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        item: #446 of 505
          id: ojvr-733
      author: None
       title: ojvr-733
        date: None
       words: 5980
      flesch: 34
     summary: The proportion of health experts who collaborated with health experts from other fields (as seen in Table 1) were 19.1%, 63.0% and 17.9% for human health experts, animal health experts and wildlife experts respectively. They made the following suggestions: making health experts of various disciplines work together (22.5%), emphasising training to both experts (18.3%), collaborative sharing of information from both sides (11.3%), formulating policies for collaboration between human health and animal health sectors (11.3%), conducting training to both experts on zoonotic diseases (9.9%), sufficient budget to enable collaboration (9.9%), conducting sharing experience meetings between human health experts and animal health experts (4.2%), involving communities (2.8%), and experts reaching consensus on improving collaboration among them (2.8%).
    keywords: activities; actual; agriculture; animal; animal health; approaches; article; barriers; bridges; campaigns; collaboration; college; control; data; diagnosis; different; diseases; example; experts; extent; factors; fao; general; health; health approaches; health experts; health practice; human; human health; infectious; information; june; lack; livestock; medical; medicine; officers; organisations; people; policy; practice; public; rabies; research; resources; respondents; results; sharing; sokoine; specific; surveillance; table; tanzania; time; training; treatment; university; veterinary; views; wildlife; work; world; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #447 of 505
          id: ojvr-734
      author: None
       title: ojvr-734
        date: None
       words: 5772
      flesch: 32
     summary: Ecosystem health examines changes in the biological, physical, social and economic environments and relates these changes to impacts upon human health. The modelling of human health from the perspective of its interaction with the environment was initially highlighted by the experience of the biomedical world and the spread of infectious diseases.
    keywords: access; address; africa; agriculture; animal; approach; authors; burden; cds; centre; challenges; change; climate; communicable; communities; community; complex; control; countries; development; different; diseases; ecohealth; ecological; economic; ecosystem; effective; emergence; environmental; factors; food; future; health; health systems; host; human; human health; illness; impact; infectious; infectious diseases; information; interventions; january; jones; livelihoods; major; malaria; management; medical; national; new; people; poor; population; poverty; practices; prevention; problems; public; research; resources; risk; rweyemamu; saharan; saharan africa; services; social; socio; specific; spread; sub; systems; tanzania; understanding; variability; vector; vulnerability; water; weak; woolhouse; world
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        item: #448 of 505
          id: ojvr-736
      author: None
       title: ojvr-736
        date: None
       words: 4461
      flesch: 51
     summary: Real-time PCR and VP1 sequencing One primer combination was used for the RT–PCR of FMDV serotypes, as follows: serotype O: O-1C244F/EUR-2B52R, serotype A: A-1C612F/EUR-2B52R, serotype C: C-1C536F/EUR-2B52R, serotype Asia1: As1-1C530F/EUR-2B52R, serotype SAT1: SAT1-1C559F/SAT-2B208R, serotype SAT2: SAT2-P1-1223F/SAT-2B208R and serotype SAT3: SAT3-P1-1222F/SAT-2B208R (Table 1). Last, but not least, the first author wishes to thank all his supervisors at Sokoine University of Agriculture, World Reference Laboratory for Foot and Mouth Disease-Pirbright, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency and the Royal Veterinary College.
    keywords: africa; agency; analysis; animals; authors; centre; control; countries; country; cvl-2012; dar; data; disease; disease virus; endemic; epidemiology; et al; figure; fmdv; foot; gel; infectious; isolates; kasanga; laboratory; livestock; min; molecular; mouth; mouth disease; nucleotide; pcr; phylogenetic; positive; protein; real; reference; region; research; results; rna; rweyemamu; salaam; samples; sat1; sat2; sequences; serotype; similar; southern; step; study; surveillance; tabora; tanzania; time; topotype; veterinary; virus; viruses; vp1; wildlife; work; world
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        item: #449 of 505
          id: ojvr-737
      author: None
       title: ojvr-737
        date: None
       words: 3127
      flesch: 45
     summary: Figure 9 shows a pie chart that represents animal disease surveillance data submitted by Kagera River Basin livestock field officers’ via digital forms between September 2012 and May 2013. FIGURE 5: Digital form data submitted by Flora Patta, a livestock field officer in Endulen village in Ngorongoro district, Tanzania.
    keywords: african; analysis; animal; applications; basin; cases; centre; code; collection; data; database; digital; disease; districts; field; figure; format; forms; health; human; implementation; infectious; interface; kagera; map; mobile; ngorongoro; open; phones; project; river; server; sms; source; study; surveillance; system; tanzania; technologies; technology; tools; university; use; web
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        item: #450 of 505
          id: ojvr-738
      author: None
       title: ojvr-738
        date: None
       words: 543
      flesch: 43
     summary: These findings indicate that the eastern zone of Tanzania is predominantly infected with FMDV serotypes O, A, and SAT 2 with different spatial and temporal distribution, and that FMD outbreaks in the zone could be incriminated to at least these three serotypes. Spatial and temporal distribution of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the eastern zone of Tanzania
    keywords: article; disease; distribution; eastern; fmdv; mouth; research; serotypes; spatial; tanzania; temporal; veterinary; virus; zone
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        item: #451 of 505
          id: ojvr-739
      author: None
       title: ojvr-739
        date: None
       words: 2598
      flesch: 36
     summary: It is suggested that such bridges have, over time, resulted in the establishment of a range of human diseases, for example diphtheria, measles, campylobacteriosis small pox, pertussis and mumps (Wolfe, Dunavan & Diamond 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0303.970304 Bengis, R.G., Kock, R.A. & Fischer, J., 2002, ‘Infectious animal diseases: The wildlife/livestock interface’, Review Scientifique Technique Office Internationale des Epizooties 21(1), 53–65. Bermejo, M., Rodríguez-Teijeiro, J.D., Illera, G., Barroso, A., Vilà, C. & Walsh, P.D., 2006, ‘Ebola outbreak killed 5000 gorillas’, Science 314(5805), 1564.
    keywords: african; agents; aids; animal; article; avian; biodiversity; biology; contact; direct; diseases; domestic; drivers; eids; emergence; et al; evidence; evolution; example; field; figure; global; health; hosts; human; infectious; influenza; jones; journal; kock; livestock; major; national; nature; new; organisms; pathogens; proceedings; research; reservoirs; risk; royal; species; spillover; spread; systems; table; transmission; veterinary; virus; viruses; wildlife
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        item: #452 of 505
          id: ojvr-74
      author: Modisane, B.M.
       title: Field services : eradication and control of animal diseases : animal health management in the 21st century
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 5122
      flesch: 48
     summary: Understanding of the epidemiology of animal diseases is a very significant considera- tion in animal disease outbreak control and preven- tion. Field services: Eradication and control of animal diseases.
    keywords: 2007; adobe; affected; africa; agriculture; animal; animal diseases; approach; area; cape; classical; concepts; control; countries; country; department; disease; disease control; eastern; effective; epidemiological; eradication; factors; false; fmd; free; health; infected; influenza; interaction; international; management; measures; movement; necessary; need; new; oie; outbreak; pdf; prevention; products; province; public; review; scientific; services; slaughtering; south; status; strategies; strong; surveillance; systems; technical; time; trade; true; unpublished; use; vaccinated; vaccination; veterinary; western; wild; zone
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        item: #453 of 505
          id: ojvr-740
      author: None
       title: ojvr-740
        date: None
       words: 1565
      flesch: 31
     summary: ADVANZ: Establishing a Pan-African platform for neglected zoonotic disease control through a One Health approach In This Proceedings... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • A Pan-African platform • Future perspectives • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References Abstract Top ↑ Advocacy for neglected zoonotic diseases (ADVANZ) is a One Health Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZDs) project, funded by the European Commission through its 7th framework programme. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-106 The FAO-OIE-WHO Collaboration, 2010, ‘Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global activities to address health risks at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces: A Tripartite Concept Note’, viewed 05 August 2013, from http://www.who.int/influenza/resources/documents/tripartite_concept_note_hanoi_042011_en.pdf WHO, 2009, Integrated control of neglected zoonotic diseases in Africa: Applying the ‘One Health’ concept, WHO, Geneva WHO, 2010, ‘Statement: 3rd International Conference on neglected zoonotic diseases: Community-based interventions for prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases’, WHO, 23–24 November 2010, Geneva.
    keywords: activities; advanz; advocacy; african; approach; article; authors; collaboration; control; diseases; health; international; networks; nzds; organization; pan; platform; prevention; south; stakeholders; university; world; zoonoses; zoonotic
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        item: #454 of 505
          id: ojvr-741
      author: None
       title: ojvr-741
        date: None
       words: 4281
      flesch: 43
     summary: Disease clusters can help in identifying common environmental factors or sources of exposure (Chhetri, Perez & Thurmond 2010; Premashthira et al. 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020059 Kulldorff, M. & Nagarwalla, N., 1995, ‘Spatial disease clusters: Detection and inference’, Statistics in Medicine 14, 799–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780140809 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, 2011, Annual report:
    keywords: africa; agriculture; analysis; area; authors; bastos; buffalo; cases; cattle; clusters; control; data; development; disease; epidemiology; et al; figure; fmd; foot; health; hedger; high; hypothesis; international; kulldorff; laboratory; likelihood; likely; livestock; location; lusaka; ministry; mouth; mouth disease; national; number; office; outbreaks; park; perry; reference; reports; research; retrospective; risk; sat; satscan; southern; space; spatial; study; thomson; time; trade; university; veterinary; virus; vosloo; wildlife; zambezi; zambia; zyambo
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        item: #455 of 505
          id: ojvr-742
      author: None
       title: ojvr-742
        date: None
       words: 504
      flesch: 42
     summary: Little is known of the epidemiology of FMD virus (FMDV) in the country and this has led to the continuous occurrence of FMD in southern Zambia. The current research aims at determining the infection status and FMD virus (FMDV) serotype(s) circulating in domesticated and wild animals in southern Zambia.
    keywords: african; article; buffaloes; fmdv; infectious; institute; research; southern; status; surveillance; tanzania; university; veterinary; zambia
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        item: #456 of 505
          id: ojvr-75
      author: Marwick, C.
       title: The future of private veterinary practice in South Africa : animal health management in the 21st
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 2148
      flesch: 50
     summary: The future of private veterinary practice in South Africa C. MARWICK P.O. Box 248, Clocolan, 9735 South Africa 124 Future of private veterinary practice in South Africa If veterinarians wish to pass the life boat test, the faculty needs to make graduating veterinarians more relevant to society in the 21st century, as the needs of the veterinary profession is severely im- balanced with more than 75 % of qualifying veteri- narians ending up in companion animal practice. Therefore, one should constantly look over one’s shoulder to see who might be creating something new that could change veterinary practice, and then stay one step ahead to survive.
    keywords: /bicubic; /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; 21st; adobe; africa; animal; century; change; economic; education; false; food; future; government; health; impact; industry; market; meat; new; pdf; practice; private; profession; public; science; services; south; true; veterinarians; veterinary; workforce
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        item: #457 of 505
          id: ojvr-759
      author: Office, Editorial
       title: Acknowledgement to reviewers
        date: 2014-01-20
       words: 456
      flesch: 35
     summary: It is good practice as a reviewer to update your personal details regularly to ensure contact with you throughout your professional term as reviewer to the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. ojvr.org for our files, allowing us better access to your areas of interest and expertise, in order to match reviewers with submitted manuscripts.
    keywords: access; david; details; interest; journal; manuscript; ojvr.org; onderstepoort; peer; process; publication; research; reviewer; selection; timely; van; venter; veterinary
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        item: #458 of 505
          id: ojvr-76
      author: Thomson, G.R.
       title: Currently important animal disease management issues in sub-Saharan Africa : policy and trade issues
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 5054
      flesch: 48
     summary: The fear of transboundary animal diseases (TADs— diseases that are able to spread quickly and affect a large number of animals over a wide geographic area in a short period of time), together with insist- ence that imports of animal products are derived from locations where TADs do not occur, have re- sulted in distorted policies in respect of disease man agement and trade in animal products. The reasons for that be- ing so in the context of animal disease, together with alternative and more appropriate approaches, will be proposed here.
    keywords: access; adobe; africa; animal; approach; area; basis; beef; bengis; buffalo; cattle; commodities; commodity; conservation; countries; country; development; diseases; economic; eradication; example; false; fmd; foot; free; future; g.r; geographic; health; infectious; international; issues; livestock; management; markets; need; oie; penrith; populations; possible; present; press; problem; production; products; reasons; region; risk; rural; saharan; sat; southern; standards; sub; tads; tahc; tfcas; thomson; trade; true; veterinary; virus; wildlife; world; zone
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        item: #459 of 505
          id: ojvr-762
      author: None
       title: ojvr-762
        date: None
       words: 5206
      flesch: 48
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182009005587 Marcotty, T., Simukoko, H., Berkvens, D., Vercruysse, J., Praet, N. & Van den Bossche, P., 2008, ‘Evaluating the use of packed cell volume as an indicator of trypanosomal infections in cattle in Eastern Zambia’, Preventive Veterinary Medicine 87, 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.05.002 Mbizeni, S., Potgieter, F.T., Troskie, C., Mans, B.J., Penzhorn, B.L. & Latif, A.A., 2013, ‘Field and laboratory studies on Corridor disease (Theileria parva infection) in cattle populations at the livestock–game interface of uPhongolo-Mkuze area, South Africa’, Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 4, 227–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.11.005 Molyneux, D.H. & Jefferies, D., 1986, ‘Feeding behaviour of pathogen-infected vectors’, Parasitology 92, 721–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000065574 Motloang, M.Y., Masumu, J., Mans, B., Van den Bossche, P. & Latif, A.A., 2012, ‘Vector competence of Glossina austeni and Glossina brevipalpis for Trypanosoma congolense in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(1), 6 pages. Although the percentage of HAA in infected cattle is high, more ‘uninfected’ animals could also have been anaemic, but trypanosome infections may have gone undetected by the conventional buffy coat examination employed in this study.
    keywords: africa; anaemia; animals; area; austeni; authors; average; bossche; bovine; brevipalpis; buffy; cattle; challenge; coat; communal; control; den; diptanks; disease; distribution; edge; ekuphindisweni; et al; flies; game; glossina; haa; hap; herd; high; hluhluwe; imfolozi; infected; infections; journal; kappmeier; kwazulu; low; mvutshini; nagana; natal; nkzn; ocilwane; onderstepoort; park; pcv; present; prevalence; research; results; sampling; sites; south; south africa; species; study; surveys; trypanosome; trypanosomosis; tsetse; van; veterinary
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        item: #460 of 505
          id: ojvr-765
      author: None
       title: ojvr-765
        date: None
       words: 1917
      flesch: 45
     summary: Additionally, this photographic record may serve as an important reference for further studies on diplodiosis when guinea pigs are used as a model. FIGURE 3: Guinea pig (in front) immediately after dosing with diplonine, showing no clinical signs (normal).
    keywords: africa; cation; chromatography; clinical; culture; diplonine; dosing; equivalent; exchange; extract; extraction; guinea; johannesburg; maydis; merck; neurotoxin; pig; research; schultz; signs; snyman; south; study; table; water
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        item: #461 of 505
          id: ojvr-769
      author: None
       title: ojvr-769
        date: None
       words: 5073
      flesch: 45
     summary: Article Information Authors: Adrian D. Knoetze1,2 Niloshni Moodley1 Celia Abolnik2 Affiliations: 1Rainbow Veterinary Laboratory, Rainbow Chicken Farms, South Africa2Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa Correspondence to: Adrian Knoetze Postal address: PO Box 42, Hammarsdale 3700, South Africa Dates: Received: 10 Feb. 2014 Accepted: 03 June 2014 Published: 09 Sept. 2014 How to cite this article: Knoetze, A.D., Moodley, N. & Abolnik, C., 2014, ‘Two genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus are responsible for serological variation in KwaZulu-Natal poultry flocks prior to 2012’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(1), Art. Two genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus are responsible for serological variation in KwaZulu-Natal poultry flocks prior to 2012
    keywords: acid; african; allantoic; amino; analysis; authors; avian; bronchitis; bronchitis virus; cavanaugh; chain; chicken; cook; coronavirus; davis; disease; figure; flocks; gene; group; h120; high; ibv; identification; infectious; infectious bronchitis; isolates; isolation; j.k.a; jackwood; kzn; like; live; m.w; mass; massachusetts; mutations; naqi; natal; neutralisation; nucleotide; pathology; pcr; phylogenetic; point; polymerase; population; poultry; protein; reaction; reference; region; research; responsible; results; reverse; rna; samples; selection; selective; sequence; serotype; similarity; south; spike; strains; study; table; vaccine; variability; variation; veterinary; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #462 of 505
          id: ojvr-77
      author: Mariner, J.C.
       title: More appropriate disease control policies for the developing world : policy and trade issues
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4312
      flesch: 43
     summary: Disease control policies need to consider the economic, social and political im- pacts of both the disease itself and the actions taken to control disease on diverse groups of stakehold- ers (McDermott, Mariner, Rich & Omore 2007). Disease control policies and health objectives are very much intertwined.
    keywords: 2006; adobe; africa; animal; approaches; appropriate; areas; assessment; bovine; cases; cbpp; change; civil; community; contagious; context; control; countries; decision; disease; disease control; early; east; economic; effective; eradication; false; farmers; fever; food; health; human; impact; important; institute; institutions; international; interventions; j.c; jost; key; livestock; making; mariner; new; nicholas; objectives; outbreak; participatory; pdf; policies; policy; producers; production; programs; research; resources; rift; rinderpest; risk; rvf; small; society; strategies; surveillance; systems; technical; treatment; true; use; vaccination; vaccine; valley; veterinary
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        item: #463 of 505
          id: ojvr-774
      author: None
       title: ojvr-774
        date: None
       words: 5866
      flesch: 42
     summary: The inclusion criterion for the present study was pig farms with ≤ 50 sows, located within the five districts of Limpopo, that have been active in pig production for at least one year. Finally, the South African pig retail industry is broadly classified into a dual market structure: the high-value markets (processors and supermarkets) for commercial pig farmers and the low-value markets (local auctions, pension pay points for the ESSPF).
    keywords: access; africa; agriculture; animal; animal health; antwi; appendix; areas; authors; average; biosecurity; category; collection; commercial; conditions; data; days; department; disease; districts; efficiency; esspf; extension; farmers; farming; farms; figure; food; health; high; hypothermia; industry; journal; land; limpopo; majority; management; market; marketing; need; number; oestrus; organization; parameters; pig; pig farmers; pig production; piglets; pigs; poor; present; pretoria; production; province; research; respondents; return; rural; scale; scale pig; science; services; small; source; south; south africa; sows; studies; study; swine; table; technicians; terms; total; university; use; veterinarians; veterinary; water; weaning; year
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        item: #464 of 505
          id: ojvr-78
      author: Bruckner, G.K.
       title: The role of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) to facilitate the international trade in animals and animal products : policy and trade issues
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4657
      flesch: 38
     summary: In 1996 the first official list of OIE member countries that were FMD free without using vaccination was published after adoption by the International Com- mittee. Several trade facilitating concepts such as country, zonal and compartment freedom from disease as well the trade in disease free commodities has been introduced to enhance the trade in animals and animal products for all its members includ- ing those from developing and transitional countries who are still in the process of enhancing to full compliance with international sanitary standards. 142 OIE to facilitate international trade in animals and animal products ice delivery to progress towards compliance with OIE international standards.
    keywords: 2008a; adobe; agreement; animal; animal diseases; animal health; animal products; aquatic; brückner; certain; code; compliance; concept; countries; country; current; delivery; disease; evaluation; expertise; false; fmd; freedom; g.k; global; guidelines; health; human; international; international standards; international trade; laboratories; laboratory; level; measures; members; oie; oie standards; organisation; pdf; process; products; purposes; pvs; recommendations; reference; research; risk; sanitary; scientific; services; specific; sps; standards; surveillance; terrestrial; trade; true; veterinary; world; wto
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        item: #465 of 505
          id: ojvr-780
      author: None
       title: ojvr-780
        date: None
       words: 4086
      flesch: 43
     summary: Perceived risk factors and risk pathways of Rift Valley fever in cattle in Ijara district, Kenya In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Study area    • Sampling method    • Key informant interviews    • Data analysis • Results    • Qualitative ranking of perceived Rift Valley fever risk factors    • Qualitative ranking of perceived Rift Valley fever entry pathways    • Qualitative ranking of perceived Rift Valley fever exposure or spread pathways    • Qualitative ranking of perceived Rift Valley fever outbreak consequences • Discussion • Conclusion    • Recommendations • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions • References • Footnotes Abstract Top ↑ Ijara district in Kenya was one of the hotspots of Rift Valley fever (RVF) during the 2006/2007 outbreak, which led to human and animal deaths causing major economic losses.
    keywords: aborted; agriculture; analysis; animals; area; cattle; control; disease; district; domestic; entry; et al; exposure; factors; fever; figure; foetuses; garissa; high; humans; ijara; ijara district; important; infected; informants; interviews; kenya; key; livestock; low; mosquitoes; nairobi; outbreak; pastoralists; pathways; prevention; qualitative; rainfall; ranking; respondents; results; rift; rift valley; risk; risk factors; risk pathways; rvf; rvfv; spread; study; support; table; transmission; university; valley; valley fever; virus; wildlife
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        item: #466 of 505
          id: ojvr-79
      author: Hulman, B.
       title: Livestock policy and trade issues in SADC : policy and trade issues
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 4476
      flesch: 40
     summary: The paper discusses the process that the LDU follows in the formulation of policies and strategies in regional livestock development with the objective of bolstering intra and extra regional trade in live- stock and livestock products. SADC has already brought some of the issues re- lated to beef exports to the OIE Regional Commission for Africa as SADC member states feel that a few of the present requirements do not have a scientific basis.
    keywords: adobe; africa; agricultural; animal; assurance; beef; biologicals; botswana; capacity; commission; community; control; development; disease; economic; epa; essential; establish; false; following; food; gaborone; harmonise; information; integration; international; issues; ldu; livestock; livestock development; livestock sector; management; member; member states; minimum; national; objective; oie; order; policy; process; production; products; project; quality; regional; regional integration; registration; resources; risk; sadc; safety; secretariat; sector; security; set; southern; standards; states; strategies; sustainable; system; trade; transboundary; true; use; veterinary
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        item: #467 of 505
          id: ojvr-795
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5457
      flesch: 45
     summary: Regarding pig diseases, Limpopo province is important as the greater part of the province falls within the African swine fever control area. In conclusion, we have produced evidence that geographic factors and trade-movement networks played roles in ASF dynamics and dispersal in South Africa and that managing these in Limpopo province is critical for pig disease control.
    keywords: abattoir; addition; africa; african swine; agriculture; analyses; animal; areas; asf; auction; authors; biosecurity; control; data; degree; department; disease; distance; esspf; et al; f.o; factors; farmers; farms; fasina; fever; figure; gauteng; geographic; health; important; infectious; journal; limpopo; links; local; locations; map; markets; medicine; mokoele; movement; mpumalanga; national; network; outbreaks; penrith; pig; pig farmers; pigs; pmid; points; pretoria; production; products; province; risk; scale; secondary; slaughter; small; smallholder; social; south; south africa; spatio; spencer; spread; study; swine; swine fever; table; temporal; total; trade; transboundary; university; vertices; veterinary
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        item: #468 of 505
          id: ojvr-799
      author: None
       title: ojvr-799
        date: None
       words: 1792
      flesch: 39
     summary: Infectious diseases: Preparing for the future: Africa, Office of Science and Innovation, London, p. 1–120, viewed 03 April 2014, from http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/bispartners/foresight/docs/infectious-diseases/a1_id_africa.pdf Rweyemamu, M.M., Paweska, J., Kambarage, D. & Namuba, F, 2012, ‘Towards one Africa, One Health: The SACIDS One Health focus on infectious diseases’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79(2), Art. The heavy burden of infectious diseases of humans and animals in Africa falls into two categories, namely, (1) exposure to internally or externally generated emerging or re-emerging diseases and (2) the continuing occurrence of major epidemic diseases in an endemic state in Africa.
    keywords: africa; agriculture; animals; approach; art; authors; centre; development; diseases; economic; et al; health; humans; infectious; infectious diseases; journal; karimuribo; mboera; medical; onderstepoort; pages; research; rweyemamu; sacids; socio; southern; surveillance; tanzania; veterinary; world
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        item: #469 of 505
          id: ojvr-8
      author: De Mantos, C.; Sitoe, C.; Neves, L.; Bryson, N. R.; Horak, I. G.
       title: lxodid ticks on dogs belonging to people in rural communities and villages in Maputo Province, Mozambique
        date: 2008-08-31
       words: 4571
      flesch: 57
     summary: Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 75:103–108 The species composition and geographic distribution of ixodid ticks infesting domestic dogs owned by people in rural communities and villages in Maputo Province was established by collecting ticks from dogs at each of 27 localities spread throughout the province. Author to whom correspondence is to be directed: E-mail: ivan.horak@up.ac.za 1 Direcção de Ciências Animais, Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Mozambique, C.P. 1922, Maputo, Mozambique, and Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa 2 Direcção de Ciências Animais, Instituto de Investigação Agrá- ria de Mozambique, C.P. 1922, Maputo, Mozambique 3 Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, C.P. 257, Maputo, Mozambique 4 Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Vet - erinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onder stepoort, 0110 South Africa 5 Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Vet- erinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onder stepoort, 0110 South Africa, and ARC-Onderstepoort Veter inary Institute, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa, and Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa Accepted for publication 14 January 2008—Editor 104 Ixodid ticks on dogs in Maputo Province, Mozambique During the course of surveys conducted in South Africa, the seasonal abundances of Haemaphysalis elliptica, Rhipicephalus gertrudae, Rhipicephalus san guineus and Rhipicephalus simus have been de- termined on dogs (Horak 1982; Horak et al. 1987b, 2001; Jacobs et al. 2001; Horak & Matthee 2003).
    keywords: 1987b; africa; animals; braack; cattle; communities; distribution; dogs; domestic; elliptica; et al; false; fourie; haemaphysalis; horak; horak et; hosts; i.g; immature; infest; ixodid; ixodid ticks; journal; large; leachi; localities; maputo; matthee; mozambique; neves; norval; onderstepoort; onderstepoort journal; parasites; present; province; research; rhipicephalus; rural; sanguineus; sede; simus; south; south africa; southern; species; stages; survey; ticks; true; veterinary; veterinary research; villages; walker; wild; zimbabwe
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        item: #470 of 505
          id: ojvr-80
      author: Mitema, E.S.
       title: Improved management of drugs, hormones and pesticides in Africa : policy and trade issues
        date: 2009-09-10
       words: 3468
      flesch: 42
     summary: Drug compounds and/or their metabolites have the potential to cause undesirable health effects to either target animals or consumers. The veterinarians should give adequate information to producers con- cerning withdrawal periods as recommended by the manufacturers before animal products are sold or slaughtered for human consumption.
    keywords: acaricides; adi; adobe; africa; animals; antimicrobial; case; chemical; codex; compounds; control; countries; drugs; edible; effects; environmental; false; food; gain; good; health; hormones; human; important; international; label; levels; management; mitema; mrl; natural; pdf; pesticides; possible; practice; producers; products; proper; residue; resistance; review; risk; safe; safety; steroids; studies; testosterone; tissues; trade; true; undesirable; usage; use; veterinarians; veterinary
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        item: #471 of 505
          id: ojvr-803
      author: None
       title: ojvr-803
        date: None
       words: 3561
      flesch: 42
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376 Logrieco, A., Moretti, A., Castella, G., Kostecki, M., Golinski, P., Ritieni, A. et al., 1998, ‘Beauvericin production by Fusarium species’, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, 3084–3088. Marasas, W.F.O., Nelson, P.E. & Tousson, T.A., 1984, Toxigenic Fusarium species: Identity and mycotoxicology, Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park. Botha, C.J., Truter, M. & Jacobs, A., 2014, ‘Fusarium species isolated from Pennisetum clandestinum collected during outbreaks of kikuyu poisoning in cattle in South Africa’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(1), Art.
    keywords: africa; authors; bourke; bryson; cape; cattle; clandestinum; comparisons; data; dna; eastern; elongation; et al; extraction; fiesc; fusarium; fusarium isolates; fusarium species; grass; identification; intoxication; isolates; isolations; journal; kellerman; kikuyu; kikuyu grass; kikuyu poisoning; macroconidia; members; molecular; morphology; mycotoxicosis; newsholme; outbreaks; o’donnell; parsimony; pcr; pennisetum; phylogenetic; plant; poisoning; present; province; research; samples; sequence; south; south africa; species; summerell; table; tef; torulosum; toxic; university; veterinary
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        item: #472 of 505
          id: ojvr-818
      author: None
       title: ojvr-818
        date: None
       words: 3343
      flesch: 40
     summary: Authors’ contribution G.M.S. (Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency) was the team leader and ran the c-ELISA and interpreted the data. The integration of different approaches employed for brucellosis control at the TALIRI-Mpwapwa farm has shown significant success in reducing disease incidence.
    keywords: aborted; abortion; animals; authors; bovine; brucellosis; cases; cattle; centre; control; cows; dairy; dar; disease; elisa; farm; follow; health; herd; history; human; institute; introduction; investigation; laboratory; livestock; measures; medicine; milk; mpwapwa; outbreak; pastoral; pregnant; present; prevalence; production; rbpt; research; salaam; samples; screening; serological; seropositive; seropositivity; shirima; storm; study; table; taliri; tanzania; test; university; veterinary; zone
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        item: #473 of 505
          id: ojvr-82
      author: Bredin, I.P.; Skinner, J.D.; Mitchell, G.
       title: Can osteophagia provide giraffes with phosphorus and calcium?
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 6629
      flesch: 64
     summary: Bone samples were ob- tained from giraffe bones used in our previous stud- ies to establish the mineral composition of both types (Van Schalkwyk et al. 2004; Bone samples No significant effects of immersion were measura- ble after exposure for 10 and 20 days.
    keywords: abomasum; acid; african; agricultural; analysis; artificial; ash; blood; bone; bone samples; bredin; calcium; camelopardalis; cancellous; composition; concentrations; content; data; days; density; denton; digestion; distilled; east; effect; exposure; fluid; g/100; giraffa; giraffes; gylswyk; horwitz; i.p; immersion; ingested; j.d; journal; lower; mass; method; mineral; mitchell; official; osteophagia; phosphorus; plasma; pretoria; research; rumen; rumen fluid; ruminants; saliva; samples; science; sheep; significant; similar; skinner; solution; south; species; study; table; time; total; treatment; trial; types; university; van; veterinary; volume; water; wildlife
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        item: #474 of 505
          id: ojvr-821
      author: None
       title: ojvr-821
        date: None
       words: 4332
      flesch: 45
     summary: Warthin-Starry staining method The sections of PCR positive kidney were deparaffinised, rehydrated with triple-distilled water, and immersed in 1% silver nitrate solution at 43 °C for 30 min. Developer solution was prepared during this time. Sebastian, M., Giles, R., Roberts, J., Poonacha, K., Harrison, L., Donahue, J. et al., 2005, ‘Funisitis associated with leptospiral abortion in an equine placenta’, Veterinary Pathology 42, 659–662.
    keywords: animals; available; azizi; blood; boars; cattle; cells; chain; comparison; culture; detection; diagnostic; disease; et al; figure; ihc; infection; interstitial; investigation; journal; kerman; kidneys; leptospira; leptospirosis; lesions; low; method; min; negative; nephritis; paraffin; pathology; pcr; polymerase; positive; presence; present; reaction; renal; results; samples; sensitivity; silver; spots; staining; studies; study; techniques; tissue; tubules; urine; veterinary; warthin; white; wild
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        item: #475 of 505
          id: ojvr-823
      author: None
       title: ojvr-823
        date: None
       words: 5348
      flesch: 38
     summary: Amongst the studies included, only three studies compared stray cats with domestic cats for toxoplasmosis (Akhtardanesh et al. 2010; Haddadzadeh et al. 2006; Raeghi & Sedeghi 2011). (2010) and Raeghi and Sedeghi (2011) showed that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in stray cats was noticeably higher than in domestic cats.
    keywords: age; analysis; animals; antibodies; article; authors; beattie; cats; clinical; current; data; diagnostic; different; disease; domestic; domestic cats; dubey; epidemiology; et al; figure; findings; gondii; gondii infection; household; humans; infection; iran; j.p; journal; mazandaran; medical; meta; methods; oocysts; parasitology; prevalence; prevalence rate; proceedings; province; random; rate; research; results; review; role; sari; sciences; seroprevalence; sex; sheep; significant; stray; stray cats; studies; study; survey; systematic; t. gondii; tabriz; tehran; test; toxoplasma; toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; tropical; university; veterinary
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        item: #476 of 505
          id: ojvr-836
      author: None
       title: ojvr-836
        date: None
       words: 3185
      flesch: 44
     summary: As part of the post-mortem examination and sampling procedures, muscle specimens were collected for routine surveillance for Trichinella infection and submitted for testing to the Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban. The described occurrence of Trichinella species in a leopard from the greater KNP area raises the question of possible sources of infection for this predator species.
    keywords: africa; animals; area; baboons; britovi; bush; carnivores; epidemiology; et al; grange; greater; hyenas; infection; international; journal; kenya; knp; kruger; larvae; leopard; lions; marucci; mixed; mukaratirwa; muscle; nelsoni; panthera; parasitology; pardus; park; pigs; pozio; samples; south; species; spp; trichinella; trichinella nelsoni; trichinella t8; trichinosis; veterinary; warthogs; wild; zimbabwensis
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        item: #477 of 505
          id: ojvr-839
      author: None
       title: ojvr-839
        date: None
       words: 4245
      flesch: 48
     summary: This study indicates that pig parasites are a major problem in the study area, hence implementation of strategic control measures and appropriate hygienic management systems are recommended to reduce the prevalence of parasites. Introduction Top ↑ Pig production is the fastest growing livestock sector worldwide and this trend is expected to continue over the coming years. The lack of grazing land for ruminants and the recognition by farmers of quicker and higher returns on their investment have contributed to an increased interest in pig production (Phiri et al. 2003; Serres 2001).
    keywords: ababa; abdu; addis; age; agricultural; analysis; animal; area; ascaris; authors; bishoftu; body; common; condition; data; difference; diseases; et al; ethiopia; examination; factors; farms; gashaw; gastrointestinal; git; hale; health; husbandry; infections; information; journal; kagira; kenya; keshaw; management; mange; medicine; mekelle; occurrence; parasites; parasitic; parasitology; piglets; pigs; poor; practices; prevalence; production; region; risk; samples; scabiei; skin; species; spp; stewart; studies; study; suis; suum; swine; tropical; university; var; veterinary; west
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        item: #478 of 505
          id: ojvr-84
      author: Cloete, M.; Dungu, B.; Van Staden, L.I.; Ismail-Cassim, N.; Vosloo, W.
       title: Evaluation of different adjuvants for foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing all the SAT serotypes
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 9860
      flesch: 58
     summary: Animal trials to determine the efficacy of the various vaccines Evaluation of different oil-adjuvanted vaccine formulations Four groups of six FMD-free cattle were vaccinated with FMD vaccine formulations 1–4 (Table 1). 2 Evaluation of FMD vaccine formulations 8, 9 and 10 at two dip tanks
    keywords: 206b; addition; adjuvants; africa; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; average; b b; barnett; booster; cattle; challenge; clinical; cloete; control; cox; days; different; dip; disease; disease vaccine; dose; emergency; evaluation; feet; fig; fmd; fmd vaccine; foot; formulation; free; groups; higher; hunter; immune; infection; isa; live; log10; mouth; mouth disease; msogwaba; n e; n t; neutralizing; o n; oil; p.v; payload; pigs; positive; post; potency; protection; research; responses; results; s n; saponin; sat; serotypes; strains; study; tanks; test; titres; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine formulations; virus; vosloo; w/o; weeks; zone
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        item: #479 of 505
          id: ojvr-840
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3633
      flesch: 41
     summary: Knowledge of E. ruminantium strain diversity could be important in understanding the epidemiology of heartwater. Similarity matches between E. ruminantium strains reported in the present study were determined in a pair-wise sequence alignment using BioEdit version 7.0.9 (Hall 1999).
    keywords: acid; africa; alignment; allsopp; amblyomma; amino; amplification; analysis; authors; buea; cameroon; caribbean; cattle; control; des; diversity; dna; ehrlichia; ehrlichia ruminantium; esemu; et al; genetic; genetic diversity; genotypes; group; heartwater; level; map1; ndip; nested; nucleotide; pcr; pcs20; positive; present; primer; products; reaction; results; ruminantium; ruminantium strains; samples; sdr; sequences; sites; strains; study; ticks; ufr; variegatum
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        item: #480 of 505
          id: ojvr-843
      author: None
       title: ojvr-843
        date: None
       words: 2468
      flesch: 36
     summary: Therefore, in addition to possible indirect effects on productivity, such cattle could act as a source of theileriosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis and babesiosis (Laohasinnarong et al. 2011; Makala et al. 2003; Swai et al. 2007) for other susceptible livestock, particularly the more productive exotic animals. In agreement with Swai and Kaaya (2012), a relatively higher occurrence of T. vivax in cattle blood sampled can be reported.
    keywords: animal; arthropod; authors; boran; bovine; cattle; data; district; et al; flies; haemoparasites; indigenous; infected; infections; lake; manyara; microscopy; monduli; months; namangala; nanja; northern; occurrence; present; prevalence; research; sampled; significant; species; study; survey; swai; tanzania; ticks; trypanosoma; trypanosomosis; tsetse; vectors; veterinary; villages; zambia
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        item: #481 of 505
          id: ojvr-846
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3591
      flesch: 40
     summary: FIGURE 1: Map indicating (a) Swaziland surrounded by the African Swine Fever control zone (indicated in red) and (b) the topography of Swaziland, the game reserves sampled in this study and Ornithodoros tick presence or absence. The game reserves that were positive for Ornithodoros tick presence all fell within the eastern savannah area and were associated with lower altitude localities (Figure 1b).
    keywords: 16s; adult; africa; african swine; altitude; area; asf; asfv; assessment; authors; bastos; burrows; collection; control; country; cycle; disease; dna; domestic; east; et al; fever; figure; game; gene; genome; hosts; institute; molecular; mozambique; north; onderstepoort; ornithodoros; ornithodoros ticks; parks; pcr; penrith; pigs; positive; presence; present; region; research; reserves; results; sampled; south; south africa; status; study; swaziland; swine; swine fever; sylvatic; target; thomson; ticks; veterinary; virus; warthog
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        item: #482 of 505
          id: ojvr-848
      author: None
       title: ojvr-848
        date: None
       words: 3774
      flesch: 41
     summary: Both the sprouting barley and brewer’s grain were predominantly infected with A. clavatus and, to a lesser extent, Rhizopus arrhizus. Results Top ↑ Fungal identification Both the sprouting barley and brewer’s grain were predominantly infected with A. clavatus and, to a lesser extent, Rhizopus arrhizus.
    keywords: africa; analysis; aspergillus; aspergillus clavatus; authors; barley; brewer; case; cattle; chromatography; clavatus; concentrations; correa; cytochalasin; days; diaz; et al; feed; flannigan; fungal; grain; identification; infected; intoxication; isolates; journal; kellerman; kellerman et; lopez; loretti; mass; metabolites; min; multitoxin; mycotoxins; outbreaks; patulin; plant; poisoning; present; pseurotin; research; residue; riet; sabater; samples; signs; south; sprouting; table; toxic; tremorgenic; veterinary; vilar
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        item: #483 of 505
          id: ojvr-850
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5299
      flesch: 48
     summary: Virulence gene profiles of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from chickens with colibacillosis in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe In This Original Research... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Sample collection    • DNA extraction    • Virulence genotyping    • Sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products to confirm amplification of the regions of interest • Results    • Escherichia coli virulence gene screening    • Single polymerase chain reactions and sequencing • Discussion • Limitations    • Recommendations • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    • Work on virulence genes in the western world and most of Asia is on the rise, but in Africa very little information seems to be available (Randall et al. 2012; Van der Westhuizen & Bragg 2012).
    keywords: apec; apec isolates; avian; avian pathogenic; bragg; chain; chickens; coli; coli isolates; colibacillosis; der; different; dna; e. coli; escherichia; escherichia coli; et al; ewers; factors; figure; fimh; genes; hlyf; identification; immunity; infection; isolates; iuta; johnson; journal; lane; massachusetts; microbiology; multiplex; ompt; pathogenic; pathogenic escherichia; pcr; polymerase; poultry; presence; present; prevalence; profiles; pstb; reaction; research; results; schouler; scientific; sopb; strains; studies; study; system; table; thermo; usa; van; veterinary; virulence; virulence genes; westhuizen; zimbabwean
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        item: #484 of 505
          id: ojvr-855
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 4974
      flesch: 46
     summary: The quality and safety of beef consumed in Dodoma is unknown, as there has been no study on common pathological lesions encountered in slaughtered cattle. Slaughtered cattle and conditions in December 2013
    keywords: abattoir; agriculture; animals; areas; arusha; average; bovine; carcasses; cattle; causes; condemnations; conditions; cows; cysticercosis; cysts; data; december; diseases; dodoma; dry; economic; emphysema; ethiopia; fasciolosis; financial; foetal; gut; h.e; health; hydatidosis; industry; inspection; journal; karimuribo; lesions; livestock; loss; losses; lungs; meat; mellau; nigeria; nonga; number; organs; population; pregnant; prevalence; production; prospective; public; research; result; retrospective; seasons; slaughter; study; survey; tanzania; total; university; veterinary; wastage; wet
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        item: #485 of 505
          id: ojvr-858
      author: None
       title: ojvr-858
        date: None
       words: 6959
      flesch: 42
     summary: Published studies Top ↑ Numerous laboratory and field studies have been undertaken on the effects of avermectins and milbemycin in cattle dung on non-target organisms and on their effects on different aspects of dung beetle biology. Iwasa, Suzuki and Maruyama (2008) examined the effects of moxidectin on non-target coprophilous insects, more specifically the dung beetle Caccobius jessoensis, in cattle dung in field as well as laboratory trials in Japan.
    keywords: abamectin; activity; administration; adult; beetles; brood; cattle; cattle dung; communities; comparative; concentrations; conditions; control; days; decomposition; degradation; development; differences; doramectin; dose; dung; dung beetles; effects; entomology; environmental; eprinomectin; et al; faecal; field; floate; formulation; high; impact; injectable; insects; intermedius; ivermectin; journal; krüger; laboratory; lactones; larvae; lumaret; macrocyclic; mortality; moxidectin; non; numbers; parasitology; pats; pour; products; research; residues; results; review; rew; scholtz; shoop; significant; species; strong; structure; studies; study; survival; toxicity; treatment; trial; untreated; use; vercruysse; veterinary; wall; wardhaugh
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        item: #486 of 505
          id: ojvr-86
      author: Fasina, F.O.; Sirdar, M.M.; Bisschop, S.P.R.
       title: The financial cost implications of the highly pathogenic notifiable avian influenza H5N1 in Nigeria
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 4810
      flesch: 56
     summary: Previous esti- mates of the cost of avian influenza outbreaks using direct costs grossly undervalue costs associated with HPNAI. PSγ2 = PSγ3 = $3,303,031 RESULTS Using the above values, the total cost implication was calculated as follows: Ci = PSʊ + PSβ + PSδ + PSγ Actual cost implication Ci = {$6,806,483 + $42,068,373 + $3,516,156 + $3,303,031} Ci = $55,694,043 Scenario A (mild generalised outbreaks 10 % commercial flock)
    keywords: affected; animal; annum; avian; avian influenza; bank; birds; breeders; chicks; commercial; control; cost; data; direct; disease; downtime; economic; eggs; equipment; evaluation; fao; financial; flock; glut; government; h5n1; hanson; hpnai; huge; human; impact; implications; income; industry; influenza; layer; livestock; losses; meat; methods; monetary; months; mortality; national; nigeria; number; otte; outbreak; personnel; point; population; potential; poultry; price; production; protective; psγ; research; s.p.r; scenario; severe; socio; source; tonnes; total; trade; value; veterinary; world
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        item: #487 of 505
          id: ojvr-87
      author: Salih, D.A.; Julla, I.I.; Hassan, S.M.; El Hussein, A.M.; Jongejan, F.
       title: Preliminary survey of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on cattle in Central Equatoria State, Southern Sudan
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 4487
      flesch: 57
     summary: However, information re- garding the prevalence of R. appendiculatus and other tick species infesting livestock in Southern Sudan and their economic impact is lacking. As far as tick control is concerned, acaricides are only applied when tick numbers are very high.
    keywords: analysis; animal; appendiculatus; body; boophilus; cattle; central; collection; different; east; equatoria; evertsi; females; gumbo; highest; hyalomma; infestation; january; juba; julla; khor; locations; mean; number; nyaing; october; rainy; research; rhipicephalus; rufipes; rumla; season; southern; species; state; study; sudan; survey; table; temperature; tick; total; variegatum; veterinary; year
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        item: #488 of 505
          id: ojvr-872
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 6210
      flesch: 53
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2417-5_51 Klećkowska-Nawrot, J. & Dzięgiel, P., 2008, ‘Morphology of lacrimal gland in pig fetuses’, Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 37, 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10378 Sakai, T., 1989, ‘Major ocular glands (Harderian gland and lacrimal gland) of the musk shrew Suncus murinus with a review on the comparative anatomy and histology of the mammalian lacrimal glands’, Journal of Morphology 201, 39–57.
    keywords: 28th; acid; acini; african; age; age group; analysis; anatomy; birds; black; burns; camelus; cells; connective; day; diameter; dimitrov; ducts; eye; eyelid; figure; fourth; fourth age; gland; glandular; granules; group; harderian; hatching; hdi; histochemical; histological; histology; increase; incubation; journal; klećkowska; lacrimal; lacrimal gland; length; light; lobes; mean; micrograph; months; old; ostrich; ostriches; outer; pas; positive; presence; primary; reaction; research; science; secondary; secretory; size; staining; structure; studies; study; surface; table; tear; tissue; tubules; veterinary; weakly; weeks
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        item: #489 of 505
          id: ojvr-888
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3339
      flesch: 42
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(97)90251-0 Nsadha, Z., Kawuma, P., Doble, L., Kivali, V., Eric, F., Ojok, L. et al., 2014, ‘Diagnostic efficiency of meat inspection service to detect Taenia solium cysticercostic pork at Wambizi pig abattoir, Kampala, Uganda: Implications for public health’, Africa Journal of Animal and Biomedical Sciences 8(1), 17–22. Phiri, I.K., Ngowi, H., Afonso, S., Matenga, E., Boa, M., Mukaratirwa, S. et al., 2003, ‘The emergence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in eastern and southern Africa as a serious agricultural problem and public health risk’, Acta Tropica 87(1), 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2005.05.009 Carrique-Mas, J., Iihoshi, N., Widdowson, M.A., Roca, Y., Morales, G., Quiroga, J. et al., 2001, ‘An epidemiological study of Taenia solium cysticercosis in a rural population in the Bolivian Chaco’, Acta Tropica 80(3), 229–235.
    keywords: a.l; africa; animal; arapai; authors; bureau; cysticercosis; cysts; district; eastern; eggs; elisa; epilepsy; et al; examination; faeces; free; health; high; human; journal; medicine; ncc; oral; parasitology; pigs; places; points; porcine; porcine cysticercosis; prevalence; production; range; research; risk; rural; slaughter; solium; soroti; southern; statistics; study; subcounty; taenia; tongue; tropical; uganda; veterinary; willingham
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        item: #490 of 505
          id: ojvr-89
      author: Madekurozwa, M–.C.
       title: An immunohistochemical study of ovarian innervation in the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 3871
      flesch: 56
     summary: To date much of the research conducted on the distribution and function of ovarian nerves has focused on mam- mals (Weiss et al. 1982; Lakomy et al. 1983; Curry et al. 1984; Dees, Hiney, Schultea, Mayerhofer, Danil chik, Dissen & Ojeda 1995; The findings of the study indicate that the distribution of nerve fibres and neuro- nal cell bodies in the emu ovary is similar, but not identical to that of the domestic fowl and ostrich.
    keywords: adrenergic; arrows; birds; blood; bodies; bundles; cell; cell bodies; cortex; distribution; domestic; d’albora; emu; extrinsic; fibres; fig; follicles; fowl; gilbert; gland; innervation; interstitial; intrinsic; journal; kimaro; madekurozwa; medulla; min; nerve; neural; neuronal; neuronal cell; nse; ojeda; ostrich; ovarian; ovary; pgp; present; research; sections; stalk; study; system; theca; tissue
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        item: #491 of 505
          id: ojvr-897
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3133
      flesch: 49
     summary: Intisar, K.S., 2002, ‘Studies on peste des petits ruminants disease in Sudan’, MSc thesis, Dept of Virology, University of Khartoum. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-008-9300-9 Aiello, S.E. & Mays, A., 1998, ‘Peste des petits ruminants’, in S.E. Aiello & A. Mays (eds.), Merck veterinary manual, 8th edn, pp.
    keywords: animals; assay; authors; cells; des; detection; diarrhoea; disease; enzyme; et al; goats; high; immunosorbent; journal; kwiatek; lamb; libeau; mortality; nile; obi; outbreaks; pcr; peste; petits; post; ppr; pprv; production; protein; rate; research; ruminants; samples; sheep; signs; singh; small; state; sudan; table; testicle; tissue; veterinary; virus; white
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        item: #492 of 505
          id: ojvr-899
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3364
      flesch: 44
     summary: Published: 29 May 2015 How to cite this article: Foronda, P., Plata-Luis, J., Del Castillo-Figueruelo, B., Fernández-Álvarez, Á., Martín-Alonso, A., Feliu, C. et al., 2015, ‘Serological survey of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burnetii in rodents in north-western African islands (Canary Islands and Cape Verde)’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 82(1), Art. The aim of the present study was to analyse the possible role of peridomestic small mammals in the maintenance and transmission of C. burnetii and T. gondii in the north-western African archipelagos of the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, where these species are commonly found affecting humans and farm animals.
    keywords: animals; antibodies; authors; burnetii; canary; canary islands; cape; cape verde; coxiella; coxiella burnetii; dubey; et al; fever; gondii; health; humans; infection; islands; journal; laguna; livestock; musculus; overall; parasitology; pathogens; raoult; rattus; results; rodents; rodríguez; samples; seroprevalence; significant; spain; species; study; t. gondii; toxoplasma; toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; university; verde; veterinary
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        item: #493 of 505
          id: ojvr-900
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5669
      flesch: 44
     summary: The discovery of new Culicoides species in Zimbabwe adds to the existing knowledge on the distribution of Culicoides species in southern Africa. Article Information Authors: Stuart J.G. Gordon1 Charlotte Bolwell1 Chris Rogers1 Godfrey Musuka2 Patrick Kelly3 Karien Labuschagne4 Alan J. Guthrie5 Eric Denison6 Philip S. Mellor6 Christopher Hamblin6 Affiliations: 1Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand 2Polio Communication Section, UNICEF Nigeria Country Office, Nigeria 3Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts, West Indies 4ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute: Parasites, Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases, Onderstepoort, South Africa 5Equine Research Centre, University of Pretoria, South Africa 6The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom Correspondence to: Stuart Gordon Email: s.j.g.gordon@massey.ac.nz Postal address: Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand Dates: Received: 04 Nov. 2014 Accepted: 27 Jan. 2015 Published: 29 May 2015 How to cite this article: Gordon, S.J.G., Bolwell, C., Rogers, C., Musuka, G., Kelly, P., Labuschagne K. et al., ‘The occurrence of Culicoides species, the vectors of arboviruses, at selected trap sites in Zimbabwe’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 82(1), Art.
    keywords: abundant; africa; ahsv; animal; arboviruses; bluetongue; bolitinos; btv; cattle; ceratopogonidae; collection; culicoides; culicoides midges; culicoides species; different; diptera; diseases; distribution; eev; entomology; equine; et al; gordon; harare; high; horse; identification; iii; imicola; institute; isolates; isolation; journal; livestock; median; meiswinkel; mellor; midges; musuka; natural; numbers; onderstepoort; p.s; paweska; phelps; rainfall; rainy; regions; research; serotypes; sickness; sites; south; southern; species; specimens; studies; study; table; total; transmission; trap; trapping; university; vector; venter; veterinary; virus; zimbabwe
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        item: #494 of 505
          id: ojvr-911
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 4210
      flesch: 40
     summary: How to cite this article: Kimera, Z.I., Mdegela, R.H., Mhaiki, C.J.N., Karimuribo, E.D., Mabiki, F., Nonga, H.E. et al., 2015, ‘Determination of oxytetracycline residues in cattle meat marketed in the Kilosa district, Tanzania’, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 82(1), Art. Determination of oxytetracycline residues in cattle meat marketed in the Kilosa district, Tanzania In This Research Communication... Open Access • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and methods    • Sample collection    • Sample analysis    • Control samples    • Data analysis • Ethical considerations • Results    • Control samples • Discussion • Conclusion • Acknowledgements    • Competing interests    • Authors’ contributions •
    keywords: agriculture; analysis; analytical; animal; antibiotic; antimicrobial; authors; cattle; chromatography; concentrations; control; data; determination; development; district; drugs; effects; extension; extraction; farmers; fisheries; food; health; high; higher; hplc; human; journal; karimuribo; keepers; kidney; kilosa; lack; levels; liver; livestock; meat; min; morogoro; muscle; nonga; organization; oxytetracycline; oxytetracycline residues; periods; phase; positive; residues; samples; services; sokoine; standard; study; tanzania; tissue; university; use; veterinary; withdrawal
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        item: #495 of 505
          id: ojvr-919
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5393
      flesch: 40
     summary: Various factors may have caused poor semen quality in a large proportion of trial animals. Logistic regression analysis was performed on data gathered from the remaining animals to determine whether an association existed between animal group, rectal temperature and semen quality parameters.
    keywords: africa; analysis; animals; antibodies; antibody; authors; blood; bluetongue; clone; collection; control; daily; day; disease; dungu; effect; evaluation; fever; findings; group; infection; journal; live; livestock; mean; measured; motile; motility; normal; onderstepoort; percentage; period; poor; pretoria; prior; progressive; quality; rams; rectal; regression; research; response; result; rift; rvfv; sample; semen; semen quality; serum; significant; snt; south; sperm; spermatozoa; statistical; study; table; teichman; temperature; test; testing; theriogenology; trial; university; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; valley; values; veterinary; virus
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        item: #496 of 505
          id: ojvr-94
      author: Vaughan, D.B.; Penning, M.R.; Christison, K.W.
       title: 2-Phenoxyethanol as anaesthetic in removing and relocating 102 species of fishes representing 30 families from Sea World to uShaka Marine World, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 11695
      flesch: 53
     summary: The Crocodile needlefish, Tylosurus crocodilus croc- o dilus Peron & LeSueur, 1821, from the open ocean 191 D.B. VAUGHAN, M.R. PENNING & K.W. CHRISTISON T A B L E 1 F is h e s a n a e st h e tis e d a n d r e m o ve d f ro m t h e o p e n o ce a n e xh ib it a t S e a W o rl d S c ie n ti fi c n a m e s E n g li s h n a m e s N u m b e rs E x c it a ti o n l e v e l A n a e s th e ti c l e v e l/ in d u c ti o n t im e F a m il y : A lb u li d a e ( B o n e fi s h e s ) A lb u la v u lp e s L in n a e u s, 1 7 5 8 B o n e fis h 5 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : B e lo n id a e ( N e e d le fi s h e s ) T yl o su ru s cr o co d ilu s cr o co d ilu s P e ro n & L e S u e u r, 1 8 2 1 C ro co d ile n e e d le fis h 1 0 .0 4 8 m ℓ/ ℓ; 7 5 m in 0 .0 4 8 m ℓ/ ℓ; 7 5 m in F a m il y : S e rr a n id a e ( R o c k c o d s ) C e p h a lo p h o lis s o n n e ra ti V a le n ci e n n e s, 1 8 2 8 T o m a to r o ck co d 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in E p in e p h e lu s ca e ru le o p u n ct a tu s B lo ch , 1 7 9 0 W h ite sp o tt e d r o ck co d 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : H a e m u li d a e ( R u b b e rl ip s a n d G ru n te rs ) P le ct o rh in ch u s ch u b b i R e g a n , 1 9 1 9 D u sk y ru b b e rl ip s 3 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P le ct o rh in ch u s g ib b o su s L a ce p e d e , 1 8 0 2 H a rr y h o tli p s 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P le ct o rh in ch u s p la yf a ir i P e lle g ri n , 1 9 1 4 W h ite b a rr e d r u b b e rl ip s 3 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a d a sy s co m m e rs o n n ii L a ce p e d e , 1 8 0 1 S p o tt e d g ru n te r 5 5 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a d a sy s ka a ka n C u vi e r, 1 8 3 0 Ja ve lin g ru n te r 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a d a sy s m a cu la tu m B lo ch , 1 7 9 7 S a d d le g ru n te r 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a d a sy s m u lti m a cu la tu m P la yf a ir , 1 8 6 6 C o ck g ru n te r 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a d a sy s st ri a tu m G ilc h ri st & T h o m p so n , 1 9 0 8 S tr ip e d g ru n te r 5 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : L u tj a n id a e ( S n a p p e rs ) L u tja n u s b o h a r F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 T w in sp o t sn a p p e r 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L u tja n u s g ib b u s F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 H u m p b a ck s n a p p e r 8 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L u tja n u s ka sm ir a F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 B lu e b a n d e d s n a p p e r 7 7 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L u tja n u s ru ss e lli i B le e ke r, 1 8 4 9 R u ss e ll’ s sn a p p e r 7 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : S p a ri d a e ( S e a b re a m s ) A ca n th o p a g ru s b e rd a F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 R iv e rb re a m 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h ry so b le p h u s p u n ic e u s G ilc h ri st & T h o m p so n , 1 9 0 8 S lin g e r 1 9 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in D ip lo d u s ce rv in u s h o tt e n to tu s S m ith , 1 8 4 4 Z e b ra 1 4 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in D ip lo d u s sa rg u s ca p e n si s S m ith , 1 8 4 4 B la ck t a il 1 7 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P a ch ym e to p o n g ra n d e G u n th e r, 1 8 5 9 B ro n ze b re a m 4 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P a g e llu s b e llo tt ii n a ta le n si s S te in d a ch n e r, 1 9 0 2 R e d t jo r- tjo r 7 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o ly st e g a n u s p ra e o rb ita lis G u n th e r, 1 8 5 9 S co ts m a n 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in R h a b d o sa rg u s h a lu b i S te in d a ch n e r, 1 8 8 1 C a p e s tu m p n o se 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in R h a b d o sa rg u s sa rb a F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 N a ta l s tu m p n o se 6 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in 192 2-Phenoxyethanol as anaesthetic in relocating fi shes S c ie n ti fi c n a m e s E n g li s h n a m e s N u m b e rs E x c it a ti o n l e v e l A n a e s th e ti c l e v e l/ in d u c ti o n t im e F a m il y : L e th ri n id a e ( E m p e ro rs ) G n a th o d e n te x a u re o lin e a tu s L a ce p e d e , 1 8 0 2 G lo w fis h 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L e th ri n u s cr o ci n e u s S m ith , 1 9 5 9 Y e llo w fin e m p e ro r 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L e th ri n u s h yp se lo p te ru s B le e ke r, 1 8 7 3 M o za m b iq u e e m p e ro r 4 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L e th ri n u s n e b u lo su s F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 B lu e e m p e ro r 1 0 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in L e th ri n u s sa n g u in e u s S m ith , 1 9 5 5 C u tt h ro a t e m p e ro r 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : C o ra c in id a e ( G a lj o e n s ) C o ra ci n u s m u lti fa sc ia tu s P e lle g ri n , 1 9 1 4 B a n d e d g a ljo e n 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : K y p h o s id a e ( S e a c h u b s ) K yp h o su s b ig ib b u s L a ce p e d e , 1 8 0 1 G re y ch u b 4 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : E p h ip p id a e ( B a tf is h e s ) P la ta x p in n a tu s L in n a e u s, 1 A p o le m ic h th ys t ri m a cu la tu s L a ce p e d e , 1 8 3 1 T h re e sp o t a n g e lfi sh 3 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in P o m a ca n th u s im p e ra to r B lo ch , 1 7 8 7 E m p e ro r a n g e lfi sh 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F a m il y : C h a e to d o n ti d a e ( B u tt e rf ly fi s h e s ) C h a e to d o n a u ri g a F o rs sk a l, 1 7 7 5 T h re a d fin b u tt e rf ly fis h 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n g u tt a tis si m u s B e n n e tt , 1 8 2 3 G o rg e o u s g u ss y 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n lu n u la L a ce p e d e , 1 8 0 3 H a lfm o o n b u tt e rf ly fis h 4 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n u n im a cu la tu s B lo ch , 1 7 8 7 L im e sp o t b u tt e rf ly fis h 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n k le in ii B lo ch , 1 7 9 0 W h ite sp o tt e d b u tt e rf ly fis h 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n m a d a g a sk a ri e n si s A h l, 1 9 2 3 P e a rl y b u tt e rf ly fis h 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n m a rl e yi R e g a n , 1 9 2 1 D o u b le sa sh b u tt e rf ly fis h 3 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in C h a e to d o n v a g a b u n d u s L in n a e u s, 1 7 5 8 V a g a b o n d b u tt e rf ly fis h 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in F o rc ip ig e r fla vi ss im u s Jo rd a n & M cG re g o r, 1 8 9 8 L o n g n o se b u tt e rf ly fis h 2 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in H e n io ch u s m o n o ce ro s C u vi e r, 1 8 3 1 M a sk e d c o a ch m a n 1 N o n e o b se rv e d 0 .1 5 0 m ℓ/ ℓ; 3 3 0 m in T A B L E 1 co n tin u e d 193 D.B. VAUGHAN, M.R. PENNING & K.W. CHRISTISON S c ie n ti fi c n a m e s E n g li s h n a m e s N u m b e rs E x c it a ti o n l e v e l A n a e s th e ti c l e v e l/ in d u c ti o n t
    keywords: anaesthetic; b b; b e; b l; b se; b u; c n; c o; ch n; ci e; d b; d s; d u; e d; e e; e f; e ke; e llo; e m; e o; e r; e ra; e rf; e rn; e ro; e ru; e s; e sp; e st; e ti; e u; false; fishes; g e; g o; h e; h n; h o; l e; le n; lu e; m b; m il; m ith; m m; m o; m p; n b; n ci; n d; n e; n g; n ic; n l; n m; n n; n t; n te; n u; o b; o n; o o; o se; o tt; o y; p e; p n; p o; phenoxyethanol; ra n; rg e; ri n; ru n; ru s; rv e; s b; s c; s g; s h; s l; s m; s n; s o; s p; s s; se rv; sp o; ss e; tt e; tu m; tu s; u m; u o; u s; y e
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        item: #497 of 505
          id: ojvr-947
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3665
      flesch: 51
     summary: Descriptive statistics such as the proportion of all slaughters, frequency of pregnant slaughtered cows and the extent of foetal wastage were generated. A review of abattoir surveys conducted elsewhere showed variation in the proportion of slaughtered pregnant cows (Fayemi & Muchenje 2013).
    keywords: abattoir; animal; april; authors; average; cattle; city; collection; control; cows; daily; data; demand; development; diagnosis; fayemi; female; foetal; foetuses; food; future; growth; health; information; inspection; june; lack; livestock; low; meat; months; nations; nigeria; number; period; poor; population; possible; pregnancy; pregnant; pregnant cows; production; products; recovered; result; second; slaughter; slaughtering; study; survey; swai; tanga; tanzania; total; trimester; united; veterinary; wastage; work
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        item: #498 of 505
          id: ojvr-95
      author: Ngeranwa, J.J.N.; Shompole, S.P.; Venter, E.H.; Wambugu, A.; Crafford, J.E.; Penzhorn, B.L.
       title: Detection of Anaplasma antibodies in wildlife and domestic species in wildlife-livestock interface areas of Kenya by major surface protein 5 competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 5304
      flesch: 54
     summary: Anaplasma infections in wildlife, both natural and experimental, as well as occurrence of Anaplasma antibodies in wildlife have been reported world-wide (Kuttler 1984). Anaplasma infection in giraffe.
    keywords: adobe; african; agglutination; american; anaplasma; anaplasma marginale; anaplasmosis; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; areas; assay; association; blood; blue; bovine; brocklesby; cattle; clinical; competitive; deer; detection; diseases; domestic; east; ehrlichia; eland; elisa; enzyme; false; gazelle; giraffe; goats; high; immunosorbent; infection; inhibition; interface; j.j.n; journal; kenya; knowles; kuttler; livestock; löhr; machakos; major; marginale; mcelwain; mcguire; meyer; microbiology; min; negative; neitz; ngeranwa; onderstepoort; ovis; palmer; pbs; phagocytophilum; positive; protein; recombinant; research; sera; seroprevalence; serum; sheep; south; species; specific; spp; study; surface; test; tick; true; university; veterinary; vidler; wildebeest; wildlife
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        item: #499 of 505
          id: ojvr-953
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 5334
      flesch: 52
     summary: FIGURE 8: (a) Dorsopalmar and (b, c) mediolateral radiographs of the right carpus of red pandas. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2009.00597.x Lynch, M., McCracken, H. & Slocombe, R., 2002, ‘Hyperostotic bone disease in red pandas (Ailurus fulgens)’, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife 33(3), 263−271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2002)033[0263:HBDIRP]2.0.CO;2 Nickel, R., Schummer, A., Seiferle, E., Frewein, J., Wilkens, H. & Wille, K.H., 1986, The anatomy of the domestic animals, Paul Parey, Berlin.
    keywords: abductor; adult; ailurus; anatomy; animals; area; articular; body; bone; carpal; carpal bone; carpus; caudal; cranial; developed; digiti; distal; elbow; figure; fisher; fulgens; gonyea; head; humerus; insertion; joint; large; lateral; limb; longus; major; manus; measurements; medial; muscle; old; osteoarthrosis; osteology; panda; process; prominent; proximal; radial; radiography; radius; red; red panda; right; scapula; sesamoid; shoulder; species; study; surface; taylor; thoracic; thoracic limb; tubercle; ulna; university; view; year; zoo
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        item: #500 of 505
          id: ojvr-966
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3017
      flesch: 44
     summary: Monitoring foal body temperature can alert farmers to outbreaks of infectious disease, such as EE. Whilst this study concluded that pyrexia in foals is not directly associated with EE, it is evident that if farmers monitor foal body temperature regularly and frequently, an outbreak of EE (and potentially other infectious diseases) can be identified based on an increase in the number of foals presenting with pyrexia within a short period of time.
    keywords: a.j; africa; antibody; april; authors; birth; cape; data; eev; encephalosis; episode; equine; foals; guthrie; high; horses; howell; incidence; infection; journal; march; maternal; methods; outbreak; p.g; paweska; period; pmid; pretoria; prior; pyretic; pyrexia; research; serotype; serum; south; specific; study; temperature; thoroughbred; university; venter; veterinary; virus
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        item: #501 of 505
          id: ojvr-968
      author: None
       title: ojvr-968
        date: None
       words: 5725
      flesch: 46
     summary: Village chicken production in South Africa is similar to most small-holder farming systems where the chickens are exposed to the harsh environmental and production challenges coupled with farmers having limited resources to manage their flocks (Acavomic et al. 2005). N.T., 1999, Feasibility study of agricultural and household activities as they relate to livestock production in Guruve District of Mashonaland central Province with emphasis on village chicken production, Report prepared for Household Agricultural Support Programme, Harare, Zimbabwe.
    keywords: africa; agricultural; analysis; animal; average; chicken production; chickens; clinical; control; development; different; diseases; district; eggs; eimeria; et al; extension; faecal; farmers; farming; flock; free; galli; gallinarum; gastrointestinal; health; helminths; holder; households; infestations; journal; kusina; kwazulu; limpopo; limpopo province; livestock; management; masika; mixed; muchadeyi; mwale; natal; natal provinces; number; parasites; permin; poultry; prevalence; production; provinces; range; research; rural; samples; scavenging; selected; signs; small; south; south africa; species; spp; study; systems; table; total; university; veterinary; village; village chickens
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        item: #502 of 505
          id: ojvr-97
      author: Moema, E.B.E.; King, P.H.; Baker, C.
       title: Cercariae developing in Lymnaea natalensis Krauss, 1848 collected in the vicinity of Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 4913
      flesch: 60
     summary: Frandsen & Christensen (1984) are of the opinion that xiphidio cercariae belonging to the Ar- matae group develop into intestinal parasites in all groups of vertebrates. Cercariae developing in Lymnaea natalensis Krauss, 1848 collected in the vicinity of Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa E.B.E. MOEMA1, P.H. KING1* and C. BAKER2 ABSTRACT MOEMA, E.B.E, KING, P.H. & BAKER, C. 2008.
    keywords: acetabulum; adobe; africa; anterior; appleton; avian; bladder; body; cercaria; ciliated; collar; ducts; e.b.e; echinostomatid; eggs; electron; end; excretory; false; features; fig; flame; form; freshwater; gauteng; glands; head; intermediate; king; krauss; life; long; lymnaea; measures; measuring; micrographs; natalensis; oral; oval; p.h; penetration; posterior; present; pretoria; province; receptors; sensory; single; snails; south; species; spines; study; sucker; tail; tailed; trichobilharzia; true; van; xiphidio
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        item: #503 of 505
          id: ojvr-98
      author: Junker, K.; Debusho, L.; Boomker, J.
       title: The helminth community of Helmeted Guineafowls, Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758), in the north of Limpopo Province, South Africa
        date: 2008-09-10
       words: 9373
      flesch: 63
     summary: Despite the group of five juvenile Helmeted Guinea- fowls including the two birds with the lowest number of helminth species, and three of the five birds har- boured a lower than average number of helminths, no significant differences were found between the number of component species and overall abun- dance seen in juvenile versus adult hosts. E-mail: joop.boomker@up.ac.za 1 Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa 2 Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag, South Africa Accepted for publication 28 May 2008—Editor 226 Helminth community of Helmeted Guineafowls in Limpopo Province, South Africa helminth species collected have been presented in a companion publication (Junker & Boomker 2007a).
    keywords: a.o; abundance; adobe; adults; africa; age; anderson; available; birds; boomker; bush; c s; certain; cestodes; communities; community; component; congolense; core; correlation; crowe; data; differences; e c; e d; e n; e r; e s; esch; factors; false; gallinarum; gizzard; guineafowls; habitat; helmeted; helmeted guineafowls; helminth; higher; holmes; hosts; ill; individual; infected; intensity; intermediate; intestine; journal; junker; juvenile; life; limpopo; m e; meleagris; musina; n c; n n; n s; n u; nematodes; number; numida; o n; onderstepoort; p e; parasite; parasitology; parroti; patterns; positive; present; pretoria; prevalence; province; rank; reid; research; richness; s p; s s; s u; secondary; significant; single; small; south; species; study; subulura; suctoria; total; true; truncata; u m; university; use; veterinary; young
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        item: #504 of 505
          id: ojvr-986
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3083
      flesch: 42
     summary: It therefore becomes necessary to establish the full impact of E. coli on the South African pig industry and to determine the geographic extent of the problem. Diarrhoea caused by E. coli affects all categories of young pigs (piglets, weaners and growers) to different degrees (Henton & Engelbrecht 1997;
    keywords: africa; alveolar; antimicrobial; authors; cells; coli; congestion; diarrhoea; disease; dna; e. coli; east-1; enteroaggregative; escherichia; escherichia coli; et al; factors; farm; figure; genes; heat; interstitial; intestinal; investigation; isolates; journal; khac; microbiology; onderstepoort; organisms; pathology; pcr; piglets; pigs; pmid; positive; post; pretoria; prevalence; pwd; reactions; research; resistant; samples; section; south; sta; stable; strains; toxin; university; veterinary; virulence; weaning
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        item: #505 of 505
          id: ojvr-993
      author: None
       title: None
        date: None
       words: 3802
      flesch: 48
     summary: In humans and animals, T. gondii infections are acquired post natally by the ingestion of tissue cysts in partially cooked meat, infective oocysts in food or water contaminated with infected felid faeces, or handling of tissues of animals infected with tissue cysts. In sheep, T. gondii infection is mainly acquired post natally, as congenital infections usually lead to abortions.
    keywords: abu; africa; age; animals; antibodies; aryee; authors; cape; cats; control; dubey; enzyme; et al; factors; farm; food; goats; gondii; gondii infection; group; hammond; helden; high; higher; humans; infected; infection; intensive; j.p; journal; months; old; parasitology; pmid; populations; positive; presence; research; risk; sample; samra; seroprevalence; sheep; significant; south; studies; study; t. gondii; toxoplasma; toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; transmission; van; veterinary; western
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