Junker_315_337.indd INTRODUCTION Guineafowls (Numididae) originated on the African continent, and with the exception of an isolated pop- ulation of Helmeted guineafowls in north-west Mo- roc co, their natural distribution is restricted to sub- Saharan Africa (Del Hoyo, Elliott & Sargatal 1994). In the wake of commercial game bird farming, but also as ornamental birds in aviculture, they have been introduced to many other parts of the world, such as France, Hungary, Italy, Greece, the United Kingdom, the USA, Australia and different regions of the former USSR (Haziev & Khan 1991). Accord- ing to Belshaw (1985) guineafowls were imported into the southern Mediterranean region several mil- lennia before turkeys and hundreds of years before junglefowls from which today’s domestic chickens were derived. Currently four genera of guineafowls are recognized, namely Acryllium Gray, 1840, Age- lastes Bonaparte, 1850, Guttera Wagler, 1832 and Numida Linnaeus, 1766 (Del Hoyo et al. 1994). Many publications on the helminth fauna of guinea- fowls originate from northern and western Africa, where, second only to the introduced and native do- mestic fowls, they are farm-reared as a source of protein. The economic importance of guineafowls and domestic fowls within the poultry industry, as well as the fact that domestic fowls are kept by many private households to augment their income, neces- sitated a better understanding of factors, such as gastro-intestinal parasites, influencing the success- 315 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 74:315–337 (2007) A check list of the helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and a host list of these parasites K. JUNKER and J. BOOMKER* Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa ABSTRACT JUNKER, K. & BOOMKER, J. 2007. A check list of the helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and a host list of these parasites. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 74:315–337 Published and personal records have been compiled into a reference list of the helminth parasites of guineafowls. Where data on other avian hosts was available these have been included for complete- ness’ sake and to give an indication of host range. The parasite list for the Helmeted guineafowls, Numida meleagris, includes five species of acanthocephalans, all belonging to a single genus, three trematodes belonging to three different genera, 34 cestodes representing 15 genera, and 35 nema- todes belonging to 17 genera. The list for the Crested guineafowls, Guttera edouardi, contains a sin- gle acanthocephalan together with 10 cestode species belonging to seven genera, and three nema- tode species belonging to three different genera. Records for two cestode species from genera and two nematode species belonging to a single genus have been found for the guineafowl genus Acryllium. Of the 70 helminths listed for N. meleagris, 29 have been recorded from domestic chick- ens. Keywords: Acanthocephalans, cestodes, check list, guineafowls, host list, nematodes, trematodes * Author to whom correspondence is to be directed. E-mail: joop.boomker@up.ac.za Accepted for publication 9 May 2007—Editor 316 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites ful rearing of these birds. Consequently studies have been conducted to assess the extent to which guin- eafowls and domestic fowls can serve as alternative hosts for their respective helminths and possibly be adversely affected by them (Hodasi 1969, 1976; Fabiyi 1972; Fatunmbi & Olufemi 1982; Vercruysse, Harris, Bray, Nagalo, Pangui & Gibson 1985). In southern Africa Ortlepp (1937, 1938a, b, 1963), Saayman (1966), Crowe (1977) and Verster & Pta - sins ka-Kloryga (1987) have published on the hel- minth fauna of guineafowls. No data on the helminths infecting species of the guineafowl genus Agelastes could be found, and we are of the opinion that the comparatively short parasite lists for the genera Acryllium and Guttera reflect a lack of data rather than an absence of parasites. The check list herein is intended as a quick refer- ence aid and is split into two sections. The first sec- tion con tains the parasites listed under their scien- tific names and authorities. Synonyms are provided either as generic synonyms in the case where whole genera have been synonymized or specific syno- nyms. The second section lists the hosts and their synonyms alphabetically, together with their respec- tive parasites, also in alphabetical order. The synonymy of the acanthocephalan genus Med - iorhynchus Van Cleave 1916 is as given by Van Cleave (1947) and Schmidt & Kuntz (1977) and spe- cific synonymy is according to Yamaguti (1963). For an in-depth review of the involved history of this ge- nus’s nomenclature the reader is referred to Van Cleave (1947). The taxonomy of digenean trematodes follows Ya- maguti (1958), but since the application of molecu- lar techniques to this group has recently led to many changes, the reader is encouraged to consult the latest literature. The classification of cestodes is based on the works of Khalil, Jones & Bray (1994). Information on gener- ic synonyms and type species follows Khalil et al. (1994), while that on other species as well as the hosts and geographic distribution has mainly been derived from Yamaguti (1959), Schmidt (1986) and additional published records. As regards nematode taxonomy, the authors have followed the CIH Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates (Anderson, Chabaud & Willmott, 1974– 1983) and, where differences have occurred, have accepted the validity of genera and species as listed by Gibson (2005). With regard to generic synonyms, only synonyms listed in the CIH keys and by Gibson (2005) have been included in the check list. Specific synonyms, Type species and other species, as well as much of the data on hosts and geographic distri- bution are according to Yamaguti (1961) and Gibson (2005). Host and geographic data have been sup- plemented by including additional literature refer- ences. The families and subfamilies of cestodes and nem- atodes are listed according to the system of Khalil et al. (1994) and the CIH Keys, respectively, but gen- era within these families are presented in alphabet- ical order. Synonyms have been arranged chrono- logically. The hosts and geographic localities per author are listed alphabetically. If several authors made reference to the same host, the authors are listed in chronological order. The nomenclature and taxonomy of the avian hosts mainly follows Peterson (1999) and has been supple- mented by Lepage (2007). Avian orders and fami- lies, as well as the nomenclature of southern African hosts follow Hockey, Dean & Ryan (2005). In order to avoid excessive duplication, Helmeted guineafowls are listed below as N. meleagris only without regards to the subspecies. A total of nine subspecies of N. meleagris are currently recognized (Del Hoyo et al. 1994, Peterson 1999). These are: N. m. coronatus Gurney, 1868, N. m. galeatus Pal- las, 1767, N. m. marungensis Schalow, 1884, N. m. meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758), N. m. mitratus Pallas, 1767, N. m. papillosus Reichenow, 1894, N. m. rei ch- enowi Ogilvie-Grant, 1894, N. m. sabyi Hartert, 1919 and N. m. somaliensis Neumann, 1899. Del Hoyo et al. (1994) give a detailed list of the geographic range of the various subspecies of Helmeted guinea- fowls. In the case of the Crested guineafowls, Guttera edou- ardi (Hartlaub, 1867) we follow Hockey et al. (2005) and Lepage (2007). Crowe (1978, cited in Hockey et al. 2005) had synonymized G. edouardi with Guttera pucherani (Hartlaub, 1861), but this decision was reversed and G. edouardi reinstated (Little & Crowe 2000, cited in Hockey et al. 2005). Peterson (1999) still lists G. edouardi as a subspecies of G. pucher- ani. Hosts listed in the literature as Gallus domesticus or Gallus gallus domesticus are referred to below as domestic chicken. Lepage (2007) lists domestic chicken as unconfirmed subspecies, G. g. domesti- cus (no authority given), of the Red Junglefowl, Gal- lus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758). However, this subspe- cies is not included in the five subspecies listed by Peterson (1999). 317 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER PARASITE/HOST CHECK LIST PHYLUM ACANTHOCEPHALA Class Archiacanthocephala Order Gigantorhynchidea Family GIGANTORHYNCHIDAE Hamann, 1892 GENUS MEDIORHYNCHUS VAN CLEAVE 1916 Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776, in part; Gigantorhynchus Hamann,1892, in part; Heteroplus Kostylev, 1914; Empodius Tra- vassos, 1916; Micracanthorhynchus Travassos, 1917; Lei pe ra- canthus Bhalerao, 1937; Disteganius Lehmann, 1953, nomen nudum; Empodisma Yamaguti, 1963 Type species: Mediorhynchus papillosus Van Cleave, 1918 1. Mediorhynchus empodius (Skrjabin, 1913) Meyer, 1933 Ardea, Ardeotis arabs, Numida meleagris Yamaguti (1963), Belgium, Russia 2. Mediorhynchus gallinarum (Bhalerao, 1937) Van Cleave, 1947 Domestic chicken Yamaguti (1963), India, Philippines Talbot (1971), Papua and New Guinea Gallinaceaous birds Schmidt & Kuntz (1977), (East-) Africa, India, Papua and New Guinea, Philippines Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2006), South Africa 3. Mediorhynchus numidae (Baer, 1925) Meyer, 1933 Numida meleagris Meyer (1932), Namibia Oosthuizen & Markus (1967), South Africa 4. Mediorhynchus selengensis Harris, 1973 Numida meleagris Vercryusse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso Schmidt & Kuntz (1977) synonymized this spe cies with M. gallinarum. 5. Mediorhynchus taeniatus (Von Linstow, 1901) Dollfus, 1936 Empodius segmentatus De Marval, 1902 Ardeotis arabs Dollfus (1951) in Yamaguti (1963), Mauritania Chlamydotis undulata Dollfus (1951) in Yamaguti (1963), Morocco Guttera edouardi Southwell & Lake (1939), Democratic Republic of the Congo Numida meleagris Von Linstow (1901), Kenya Meyer (1932), Africa, Malawi Southwell & Lake (1939), Democratic Republic of the Congo Graber (1959), Chad Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana Crowe (1977), South Africa Burhinus oedicnemus, Chlamydotis macquenii, Otis tarda Meyer (1932), Africa, Malawi PHYLUM PLATHYHELMINTHES Class Trematoda Order Digenea Family BRACHYLAEMIDAE Joyeaux & Foley, 1930 GENUS POSTHARMOSTOMUM WITENBERG, 1923 Type species: Postharmostomum gallinum (Witenberg, 1923) 1. Postharmostomum gallinum (Witenberg, 1923) Crested guineafowl Khan, Khan & Rayaz (1984), Pakistan Domestic chicken Yamaguti (1958), Hawaii, Japan, Russian Turkestan Numida meleagris Yamaguti (1958), North Africa Family DICROCOELIIDAE Odhner, 1911 GENUS DICROCOELIUM DUJARDIN, 1845 Type species: Dicrocoelium lanceatum Stiles & Hassal, 1898 1. Dicrocoelium macrostomum Odhner, 1911 Coturnix coturnix Yamaguti (1958), Russia Numida meleagris Lesbouyries (1941), Egypt Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa GENUS LUTZTREMA TRAVASSOS, 1941 Type species: Lutztrema olliquum (Travassos, 1917) Numida meleagris Hodasi (1976), Ghana Class Cestoda Subclass Eucestoda Order Cyclophyllidea Family DAVAINEIDAE Braun, 1900 Subfamily Davaineinae Braun, 1900 GENUS ABULADZUGNIA SPASSKII, 1973 Type species: Abuladzugnia gutterae (Ortlepp, 1963) 1. Abuladzugnia gutterae (Ortlepp, 1963) Cotugnia gutterae Ortlepp, 1963 Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Mozambique Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa 318 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites 2. Abuladzugnia transvaalensis (Ortlepp, 1963) Cotugnia transvaalensis Ortlepp, 1963 Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1963), South Africa GENUS COTUGNIA DIAMARE, 1893 Ershovitugnia, Spasskii, 1973; Pavugnia Spasskii, 1984; Ros te- lug nia Spasskii, 1984 Type species: Cotugnia digonopora (Pas quale, 1890) Diamare, 1893 1. Cotugnia crassa Fuhrmann, 1909 Guineafowl Hudson (1934), East Africa Bwangamoi (1968), Uganda Numida meleagris Fuhrmann (1909) in Ortlepp (1963), the White Nile Baer (1925), Namibia Baer (1926), East Africa, West Africa Ortlepp (1963), Tanzania The White Nile rises from Lake Victoria in Uganda and enters the Sudan where it joins the Blue Nile in Karthoum to form the Nile. White Nile is one of the states of Sudan. 2. Cotugnia digonopora (Pasquale, 1890) Diamare, 1893 Taenia digonopora Pasquale, 1890 Anser, Columba livia, Gallus gallus, Numida mele agris Schmidt (1986), Africa, Burma, India, Indonesia, Philippines Guineafowl Baylis (1934), Uganda 3. Cotugnia meleagridis Joyeux, Baer & Martin, 1936 Numida meleagris Joyeux, Baer & Martin (1936), Northern Soma li- land Graber (1959), Chad Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana 4. Cotugnia shohoi Sawada, 1971 Acryllium vulturinum Schmidt (1986), Somalia 5. Cotugnia tuliensis Mettrick, 1963 Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), Zimbabwe GENUS DAVAINEA BLANCHARD, 1891 Type species: Davainea proglottina (Davaine, 1860) Blanchard, 1891 1. Davainea nana Fuhrmann, 1912 Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Zambia Numida meleagris Fuhrmann (1912), Northern Africa Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Vanellus cinereus Schmidt (1986), Africa, Japan 2. Davainea paucisegmentata Fuhrmann, 1909 Numida meleagris Baer (1926), Sudan, West Africa Schmidt (1986), Africa, Europe 3. Davainea paucisegmentata var. dahomeensis Joyeux & Baer, 1928 Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), France 4. Davainea proglottina (Davaine, 1860) Blanchard, 1891 Taenia proglottina Davaine, 1860; Davainea varians Sweet, 1910; Davainea dubius Meggitt, 1916 Alectoris graeca, Bonasa umbellus, Gallus gallus, Per- dix perdix Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Baer (1926), South Africa Magwisha, Kassuku, Kyvsgaard & Permin (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Nfor, Ajanusi, Agbede & Esievo (1999), Nigeria GENUS NUMIDELLA SPASSKAYA & SPASSKII, 1971 Type species: Numidella numida (Fuhrmann, 1912) Spasskaya & Spasskii, 1971 1. Numidella numida (Fuhrmann, 1912) Spasskaya & Spasskii, 1971 Davainea numida Fuhrmann, 1912; Raillietina (Paroniella) numida (Fuhrmann, 1912) Fuhrmann, 1920; Raillietina (Pa r- oniella) magninumida Jones, 1930 Guineafowl Baylis (1934), Uganda Guttera, Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), Africa, Cuba, North America Guttera Baer (1933), Zimbabwe Baer (1933) lists ‘Guttera eduardi Elliot’ as host. None of the subspecies of Guttera edouardi listed in Lepage (2007) has been described by Elliot, but Lepage (2007) lists Guttera pucherani verreauxi (Elliot, 1870). Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris Jones (1930), North America Numida meleagris Baer (1925), Namibia Ortlepp (1963), South Africa Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria GENUS POROGYNIA RAILLIET & HENRY, 1909 Polycoelia Fuhrmann, 1907, preoccupied Type species: Porogynia paronai (Moniez, 1892) Railliet & Henry, 1909 1. Porogynia paronai (Moniez, 1892) Railliet & Henry, 1909 Taenia paronai Moniez, 1892; Linstowia lata Fuhrmann, 1901; Polycoelia lata (Fuhrmann, 1901) Fuhrmann, 1907; Ma lika numida Woodland, 1929; Raillietina (Paroniella) wood landi Baylis, 1934 319 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Guttera edouardi, Numida meleagris, Pternistis nata- lensis Schmidt (1986), Africa, Europe Guineafowl Woodland (1928), Sudan Baylis (1934), Uganda Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Zambia Numida meleagris Baer (1925), Namibia Baer (1926), East Africa, West Africa Woodland (1928), Sudan Ortlepp (1963), South Africa, Swaziland Cruz e Silva (1971), Mozambique Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria GENUS RAILLIETINA FUHRMANN, 1920 Kotlania López-Neyra, 1929; Nonarmiella Movsesyan, 1966; No- nar mina Movsesyan, 1966; Kotlanotaurus Spasskii, 1973; Royt- mania Spasskii, 1973; Skrjabinotaurus Spasskii & Yurpalova, 1973; Oschmarinetta Spasskii, 1984 Type species: Raillietina tetragona (Molin, 1858) 1. Raillietina angusta Ortlepp, 1963 Raillietina (Raillietina) angusta Ortlepp, 1963 Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1963), South Africa 2. Raillietina cohni (Baczynska, 1914) Fuhrmann, 1924 Davainea cohni Baczynska, 1914; Raillietina (Ransomia) cohni (Baczynska, 1914) Fuhrmann, 1920; Raillietina (Raill i- etina) cohni (Baczynska, 1914) Fuhrmann, 1924 Gallus gallus, Numida meleagris, Pterocles exustus, Pterocles orientalis arenarius Schmidt (1986), Africa, Nepal Domestic chicken Baer (1926), East Africa 3. Raillietina echinobothrida (Megnin, 1880) Fuhrmann, 1924 Taenia echinobothrida Megnin, 1880; Taenia botrioplites Pi- ana, 1881; Davainea parechinobothrida Magalhães, 1898; Davainea penetrans Baczynska, 1914; Raillietina (John stonia) echinobothrida (Megnin, 1880) Fuhrmann, 1920; Raillietina (Raillietina) echinobothrida (Megnin, 1880) Fuhrmann, 1924; Raillietina (Fuhrmannetta) echinobothrida (Megnin, 1880) Stiles & Orleman, 1926 Columba livia, Gallus gallus, Gallus gallus bankiva, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Perdix perdix, Phasianus colchicus Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Baer (1926), West Africa Le Roux (1926), South Africa Joyeux et al. (1936), Northern Somalia Poulsen, Permin, Hindsbo, Yelifari, Nansen & Bloch (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin, Esmann, Hoj, Hove & Mukaratirwa (2002), Zimbabwe Gallus gallus bankiva Baer (1933), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Baer (1933), Zimbabwe Southwell & Lake (1939), Democratic Republic of the Congo Cruz e Silva (1971), Mozambique Ayeni, Dipeolu & Okaeme (1983), Nigeria 4. Raillietina pintneri (Klaptocz, 1906) Fuhrmann, 1924 Davainea pintneri Klaptocz, 1906; Raillietina (Ransomia) pint- neri (Klaptocz, 1906) Fuhrmann, 1920; Raillietina (Raillietina) pintneri (Klaptocz, 1906) Fuhrmann 1924; Kotlania pintneri (Klaptocz, 1906) López-Neyra, 1931 Guttera Baer (1933), Zimbabwe Baer (1933) lists ‘Guttera eduardi Elliot’ as host. None of the subspecies of Guttera edouardi listed in Lepage (2007) have been described by Elliot, but Lepage (2007) lists Guttera pucherani verreauxi (Elliot, 1870). Guttera edouardi, Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), Africa Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Mozambique, Zambia Numida meleagris Baer (1925), Namibia Baer (1926), Sudan, West Africa Graber (1959), Chad Ortlepp (1963) South Africa, Swaziland Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria 5. Raillietina somalensis Sawada, 1971 Raillietina (Raillietina) somalensis Sawada, 1971 Acryllium vulturinum Schmidt (1986), Somalia 6. Raillietina steinhardti Baer, 1925 Raillietina (Ransomia) steinhardti Baer, 1925 Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Mozambique, Zambia Numida meleagris Yamaguti (1959), Africa Verster & Ptasinska-Kloryga (1987), South Africa 7. Raillietina tetragona (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1924 Taenia tetragona Molin, 1858; Taenia longicollis Molin, 1858; Davainea tetragona (Molin, 1858) Blanchard, 1891; Davainea bothrioplitis Fillippi, 1892; Raillietina (Ransomia) tetragona (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1920; Raillietina (Raillietina) tetrago- na (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1924; Kotlania tetragona (Mo lin, 1858) López-Neyra, 1931; Raillietina (Raillietina) galli (Ya ma- guti, 1935) Sawada, 1955 Gallus gallus, Guttera edouardi, Lagopus lagopus, La- gopus muta, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Pavo cristatus, Pavo muticus Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Baer (1926), East Africa, West Africa Le Roux (1926), South Africa Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana 320 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Baer (1926), East Africa, West Africa Ayeni et al. (1983), Nigeria Haziev & Khan (1991), Republic of Bashkortostan 8. Raillietina tetragonoides (Baer, 1925) Fuhrmann, 1932 Raillietina (Ransomia) tetragonoides Baer, 1925; Raillietina (Raillietina) tetragonoides (Baer, 1925) Fuhrmann, 1932; Rail- lietina (Raillietina) tetragona var. cohni (Baczynska, 1914) López-Neyra, 1944 Numida meleagris Baer (1925), Namibia Schmidt (1986), Africa 9. Raillietina toyohashiensis Sawada & Chikada, 1972 Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), Japan (zoo) GENUS SKRJABINIA FUHRMANN, 1920 Raillietina (Skrjabinia) Fuhrmann, 1920; Brumptiella López-Neyra, 1929; Armacetabulum Movsesyan, 1966; Markewitchella Spas- skii & Spasskaya, 1972; Daovantienia Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1976 Type species: Skrjabinia cesticillus (Molin, 1858) Fuhr mann, 1920 1. Skrjabinia cesticillus (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1920 Taenia cesticillus Molin, 1858; Davainea cesticillus Blan chard, 1891; Raillietina (Raillietina) mutabilis Rüther, 1901; Railli et- ina (Skrjabinia) cesticillus (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1920 Colinus virginianus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus scotica, Lyrurus tetrix, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Perdix perdix, Phasianus colchicus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetra- stes bonasia Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Baer (1926), West Africa Le Roux (1926), South Africa Joyeux et al. (1936), Northern Somalia Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria 2. Skrjabinia deweti Ortlepp, 1938 Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1938a), South Africa Subfamily Idiogeninae Fuhrmann, 1907 GENUS IDIOGENES KRABBE, 1867 Ersinogenes Spasskaya, 1961; Paraidiogenes Movsesyan, 1971 Type species: Idiogenes otidis Krabbe, 1867 1. Idiogenes sp. Numida meleagris Hodasi (1976), Ghana Family DILEPIDIDAE Railliet & Henry, 1909 GENUS CHOANOTAENIA RAILLIET, 1896 Type species: Choanotaenia infundibulum (Bloch, 1779) Railliet, 1896 1. Choanotaenia infundibulum (Bloch, 1779) Railliet, 1896 Taenia infundibulum Bloch, 1779 Domestic chicken Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Haziev & Khan (1991), Republic of Bashkortostan Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria Family PARUTERINIDAE Fuhrmann, 1907 GENUS OCTOPETALUM BAYLIS, 1914 Type species: Octopetalum gutterae Baylis, 1914 1. Octopetalum gutterae Baylis, 1914 Ascometra gutterae (Baylis, 1914) Baer,1955 Guttera edouardi, Numida meleagris Baer (1926), East Africa Baer (1955), Democratic Republic of Congo, Ma- lawi, South Africa Schmidt (1986) Africa, France 2. Octopetalum numida (Fuhrmann, 1909) Baylis, 1914 Rhabdometra numida Fuhrmann, 1909; Octopetalum longi cir- rosum Baer, 1925; Unciunia sudanea Woodland, 1928; Asco- metra numida (Fuhrmann, 1909) Baer, 1955 Guineafowl Baylis (1934), Uganda Guttera edouardi Baer (1955), Sub-Saharan Africa Ortlepp (1963), South Africa, Zambia Numida meleagris Baer (1925), Namibia Baer (1926), Sudan, West Africa Woodland (1928), Sudan Baer (1955), Sub-Saharan Africa Ortlepp (1963), Central Africa, North Africa, South Africa, southern Africa, Swaziland Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana GENUS METROLIASTHES RANSOM, 1900 Hexaparuterina Palacios & Barroeta, 1967 Type species: Metroliasthes lucida Ransom, 1900 1. Metroliasthes lucida Ransom, 1900 Alectoris graeca, Alectoris rufa, Coturnix coturnix, Gal- lus gallus, Gallus gallus bankiva, Guttera edouardi, Me- leagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Perdix perdix Schmidt (1986), Africa, Australia, Europe, India, North and South America, Russia Numida meleagris Southwell & Lake (1939), Democratic Republic of Congo 321 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Family HYMENOLEPIDIDAE Ariola, 1899 Subfamily Hymenolepidinae Perrier, 1897 GENUS ECHINOLEPIS SPASSKII & SPASSKAYA, 1954 Type species: Echinolepis carioca (Maghalães, 1898) Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1954 1. Echinolepis carioca (Maghalães, 1898) Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1954 Davainea carioca Maghalães, 1898; Taenia conardi Zürn, 1898; Hymenolepis carioca (Maghalães, 1898) Ransom, 1902; Hymenolepis pullae Cholodkovsky, 1913; Weinlandia rustica Meggitt, 1926; Hymenolepis rustica Fuhrmann, 1932; Dicranotaenia carioca (Maghalães, 1898) Skrjabin & Mathe- vossian, 1945; Dicranotaenia rustica (Meggitt, 1926) Skrjabin & Mathevossian, 1945 Alectoris graeca, Bonasa umbellus, Colinus virgini a- nus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallo- pavo Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Le Roux (1926), South Africa Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Baer (1926), West Africa GENUS HYMENOLEPIS WEINLAND, 1858 Triorchis Clerc, 1903 preoccupied; Cloacotaenia Wolffhügel, 1938; Amphipetrovia Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1954; Australiolepis Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1954; Orlovilepis Spasskii & Spasskaya, 1954; Staphylepis Spasskii & Oshmarin, 1954; Arhynchotaenia Saakova, 1958 nec Pagenstecher, 1877; Schmelzia Yamaguti, 1959; Woodlandia Yamaguti, 1959; Arhynchotaeniella Schmidt, 1986; Cloacotaeniella Schmidt, Bauerle & Wertheim, 1988; Ama- zilolepis Schmidt & Daily, 1992 Type species: Hymenolepis di m inuta (Rudolphi, 1819) Weinland, 1858 1. Hymenolepis cantaniana (Polonio, 1860) Ransom, 1909 Taenia cantaniana Polonio, 1860; Davainea oligophora Ma- ghalães, 1898; Davainea cantaniana Railliet & Lucet, 1899; Hymenolepis inermis (Yoshida, 1910) Fuhrmann, 1932 Colinus virginianus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Pavo crista- tus, Perdix perdix, Phasianus colchicus, Tetrao parvi- rostris, Tetrastes bonasia, Turnix suscitator Schmidt (1986), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Le Roux (1926), South Africa Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Le Roux (1926) chose to retain the name H. inermis for his unarmed specimens and not to accept the synonymy of H. inermis and H. cantaniana since the latter had been described as having an armed rostellum. Numida meleagris Hodasi (1976), Ghana Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa GENUS HISPANIOLEPIS LÒPEZ-NEYRA, 1942 Satyolepis Spasskii, 1965 Type species: Hispaniolepis villosa (Bloch, 1782) López-Neyra, 1942 1. Hispaniolepis falsata (Meggitt, 1927) López-Neyra, 1942 Hymenolepis falsata Meggitt, 1927. Numida meleagris Myers, Wolfgang & Kuntz (1960), Sudan Chlamydotis undulata Schmidt (1986), Egypt 2. Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi (Solowiow, 1911) López- Neyra, 1942 Hymenolepis fedtschenkoi Solowiow, 1911; Hymenolepis gwi- l etica Dinnik, 1938 Gallus gallus, Lyrurus tetrix, Numida meleagris, Tetra- ogallus himalayensis, Tetraogallus caucasicus, Tetras- tes bonasia Schmidt (1986), Russia, Europe, Asia, Africa 3. Hispaniolepis hilmyi (Skrjabin & Mathevossian, 1942) López-Neyra, 1942 Hymenolepis tetracis Hilmy, 1936 Numida meleagris Schmidt (1986), Liberia 4. Hispaniolepis villosa (Bloch, 1782) López-Neyra, 1942 Numida meleagris Baer (1926), East Africa GENUS ORTLEPPOLEPIS SPASSKII, 1965 Type species: Ortleppolepis multiuncinata (Ortlepp, 1963) Spas- skii, 1965 1. Ortleppolepis multiuncinata (Ortlepp, 1963) Spasskii, 1965 Hispaniolepis multiuncinata Ortlepp, 1963 Guttera edouardi Ortlepp (1963), Zambia Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa PHYLUM NEMATHELMINTHES Class Nematoda Subclass Adenophorea Order Enoplida Superfamily Trichinelloidea Hall, 1916 Family TRICHURIDAE (Ransom, 1911) Railliet, 1915 Subfamily Capillariinae Railliet, 1915 GENUS AONCHOTHECA LÓPEZ-NEYRA, 1947 Avesaonchotheca auct.; Baruscapillaria auct.; Capillaria auct.; Ptero thomix auct.; Skrjabinocapillaria Skarbilovich, 1946 1. Aonchotheca caudinflata (Molin, 1858) 322 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Calodium caudinflata Molin, 1858; Capillaria blomei Tra vas- sos, 1915; Trichosoma longicollis Rudolphi, 1819 Chrysolophus, Columba, Coturnix, Gallus, Lagopus, Lyrurus, Otis, Numida meleagris, Passer, Perdix, Pha- sianus, Sturnus, Tetrao, Turdus Yamaguti (1961), Europe, North America Yamaguti (1961) lists Aonchotheca caudinflata from Otis without giving the host’s species name. It is therefore not clear whether Otis refers to the current genus Otis, Arde- otis, Neotis or Chlamydotis. Domestic chicken Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Ayeni et al. (1983), Nigeria GENUS CAPILLARIA ZEDER, 1800 Trichosoma Rudolphi, 1819; Trichosomum Creplin, 1829; Tho- minx Dujardin, 1845; Tridentocapillaria Barus & Sergeeva, 1990; Aonchotheca auct; Baruscapillaria auct.; Ptherominx auct.; Tri cho- cephalus auct. Type species: Capillaria anatis (Schrank, 1790) Travassos, 1915 1. Capillaria anatis (Schrank, 1790) Trichocephalus capillaris Rudolphi, 1809 Anas, Anser, Clangula, Lyrurus, Melanitta, Merganser, Perdix, Phasianus Yamaguti (1961), Europe, Sakhalin, Siberia Domestic chicken Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria GENUS EUCOLEUS DUJARDIN, 1845 Capillaria auct.; Thominx auct.; Trichocephalus auct. 1. Eucoleus annulatus (Molin, 1858) Trichosoma annulatus Molin, 1858 Bonasa, Chrysolophus, Colinus, Gallus, Lyrurus, Mele- agris, Numida meleagris, Perdix, Phasianus, Syr ma ti- cus, Tetrao Yamaguti (1961), Asia, Europe, North and South America Domestic chicken Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso Subclass Secernentea Order Rhabditida Superfamily Rhabditoidea Family STRONGYLOIDIDAE Chitwood & McIn tosh, 1934 GENUS STRONGYLOIDES GRASSI, 1879 1. Strongyloides avium Cram, 1929 Gallus Yamaguti (1961), North America, Puerto Rico Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Order Strongylida Superfamily Strongyloidea Family SYNGAMIDAE Leiper, 1912 Subfamily Syngaminae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 GENUS SYNGAMUS SIEBOLD, 1836 Cyathostoma auct.; Ornithogamus Ryjikov, 1948 Type species: Syngamus trachea (Montagu, 1811) Siebold, 1836 1. Syngamus trachea (Montagu, 1811) Siebold, 1836 Fasciola trachea Montagu, 1811; Syngamus trachealis Sie- bold, 1836; Strongylus trachealis Nathusius, 1937 in Ortlepp (1923); Strongylus pictus Creplin, 1849; Sclerostomum syn- gamus Diesing, 1951 in Ortlepp (1923); Syngamus furcatus Theob., 1896; Syngamus primitivus Molin, 1861; Syngamus sclerostomum Molin, 1861 Galliformes, Passeriformes; rarely Anseriformes, “Ar- de iformes”, “Pelicaniformes”, Piciformes, Otidiformes Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Australia, Europe, India, North and South America Domestic chicken Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Hodasi (1976), Ghana Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria Order Ascaridida Superfamily Heterakoidea Family HETERAKIDAE Railliet & Henry, 1912 Subfamily Heterakinae Railliet & Henry, 1912 GENUS HETERAKIS DUJARDIN, 1845 Ganguleterakis Lane, 1914; Raillietakis Freitas, 1956; Inglisakis Freitas, Vicente & Santos, 1969 Type species: Heterakis vesicularis (Frölich, 1791) 1. Heterakis vesicularis (Frölich, 1791) Ascaris vesicularis Frölich, 1791; Ascaris papillosa, Bloch, 1782, in part Anas, Colinus, Coturnix, Cygnus, Gallus, Lagopus, Me- leagris, Numida meleagris, Oreortyx pictus, Otis, Pavo, Perdix, Phasianus colchicus, Polyplectron, Tetrao Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Europe, North America Lophophorus, Lophura Yamaguti (1961), Nepal Yamaguti (1961) lists Heterakis vesicularis from Otis with- out giving the host’s species name. It is therefore not clear whether Otis refers to the current genus Otis, Arde otis, Neotis or Chlamydotis. 2. Heterakis brevispiculum Gendre, 1911 Domestic chicken, Numida meleagris, Pternistis bical- caratus 323 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Puerto Rico, South Amer- ica Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana 3. Heterakis dispar (Schrank, 1790) Ascaris dispar Schrank, 1790 Alectoris, Anas, Anser, Anser cygnoides, Branta, Ber- ni cla, Cairina, Chloephaga, Glaucidium, Numida mele- agris, Strix, Surnia, Tadorna Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Permin, Magwisha, Kassuku, Nansen, Bisgaard, Frandsen & Gibbons (1997), Tanzania 4. Heterakis gallinarum (Schrank, 1788) Ascaris gallinarum Schrank, 1788; Heterakis gallinae Gmelin, 1790; Heterakis longicaudata Von Linstow, 1879 Acryllium, Alectoris, Anas, Anser, Bonasa, Cairina, Chrysolophus, Colinus, Corvus, Coturnix, Cupidonia, domestic chicken, Francolinus, Houbara, Lagopus, Lophophorus, Lophura, Lyrurus, Meleagris, Otis, Pavo, Pedioecetes, Perdix, Phasianus, Pterocles, Strix, Syr- maticus, Tetrao, Tragopan, Tympanuchus Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Yamaguti (1961) lists Heterakis gallinarum from Otis with- out giving the host’s species name. It is therefore not clear whether Otis refers to the current genus Otis, Ardeotis, Neotis or Chlamydotis. Domestic chicken Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Ayeni et al. (1983), Nigeria Verster & Ptasinska-Kloryga (1987), South Africa Haziev & Khan (1991), Republic of Bashkortostan Santa Cruz, Ortis de Rott & Resoagli (1998), Ar- gentina 5. Heterakis tenuicauda Von Linstow, 1883 Alectoris graeca, Alectoris graeca saxatilis Yamaguti (1961), Turkestan Acryllium vulturinum Canavan (1929) in Yamaguti (1961), East Africa Family ASCARIDIIDAE Travassos, 1919 GENUS ASCARIDIA DUJARDIN, 1845 Cotylascaris Sprent, 1971 Type species: Ascaridia hermaphrodita (Frölich, 1789) Railliet & Henry, 1914 1. Ascaridia calcarata (Gendre, 1909) Numida meleagris Yamaguti (1961), Africa Junior synonym of Ascaridia numidae (Leiper, 1908) ac- cording to Sprehn (1932) in Yamaguti (1961). 2. Ascaridia compar (Schrank, 1790) Travassos, 1913 Ascaris compar Schrank, 1790 Alectoris, Coturnix, Gallus, Lyrurus, Numida meleagris, Oreortyx pictus, Perdix, Tetrao, Tetrastes Yamaguti (1961), America, Europe, India, Philip- pines 3. Ascaridia galli (Schrank, 1788) Freeborn, 1932 Ascaris galli Schrank, 1788; Fusaria inflexa Zeder, 1800 (Bay- lis 1932, cited in Yamaguti 1961); Fusaria reflexa Zeder, 1800, in part; Fusaria strumosa Zeder, 1800, in part (López-Neyra 1946, cited in Yamaguti 1961); Heterakis brasiliensis Magal- hães, 1892 (Pinto & Lins de Almeida 1935, cited in Yamaguti 1961); Heterakis granulosa Von Linstow, 1906 (Baylis 1932, cited in Yamaguti 1961); Ascaridia hamia Lane, 1914 Domestic chicken, guineafowl Yamaguti (1961), Europe, Japan Alectoris, Bonasa, Cairina, Colinus, duck, Ithaginis, Ly rurus, Meleagris, Numida meleagris, Perdix, Pha si- anus, Streptopelia, Tetrao, Tympanuchus Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Ayeni et al. (1983), Nigeria Verster & Ptasinska-Kloryga (1987), South Africa Haziev & Khan (1991), Republic of Bashkortostan 4. Ascaridia lineata (Schrank, 1866) Ascaris lineata Schrank, 1866 Alectoris, Anas, Anser, Bonasa, duck, Francolinus, Gal l us, goose, Meleagris, Meleagris ocellata, Numida, partridge, Phasianus, pigeon, Tympanuchus Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Brazil, China, Cuba, Europe, Formosa, India, Malaya, North America, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Turkestan Domestic chicken Le Roux (1926), South Africa 5. Ascaridia numidae (Leiper, 1908) Travassos, 1913 Heterakis numidae Leiper, 1908 Alectoris, Guttera Yamaguti (1961), Africa Guineafowl Yamaguti (1961), Puerto Rico Bwangamoi (1968), Uganda Numida meleagris Graber (1959), Chad Yamaguti (1961), Africa, the White Nile Myers et al. (1960), Sudan Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso Verster & Ptasinska-Kloryga (1987), South Africa The White Nile rises from Lake Victoria in Uganda and enters the Sudan where it joins the Blue Nile in Karthoum to form the Nile. White Nile is one of the states of Su- dan. 324 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites 6. Ascaridia perspicillum (Rudolphi, 1803) Ascaris perspicillum Rudolphi, 1803 Anas acuta, domestic chicken, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida meleagris, Pavo cristatus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrastes bonasia rupestris, Turdus viscivorus Yamaguti (1961), Europe, Hawaii, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaya Superfamily Subuluroidea Family SUBULURIDAE (Travassos, 1914) Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 Subfamily Subulurinae Travassos, 1914 GENUS SUBULURA MOLIN, 1860 Allodapa auct. Type species: Subulura acutissima Molin, 1860 1. Subulura acuticauda (Von Linstow, 1901) Railliet & Henry, 1914 Oxysoma acuticauda Von Linstow, 1901; Heterakis acuticau- da (Von Linstow, 1901) Von Linstow, 1909 Numida meleagris Von Linstow (1901), Kenya Yamaguti (1961), Africa 2. Subulura brumpti (Lopez-Neyra, 1922) Allodapa brumpti Lopez-Neyra, 1922 Alectoris graeca, Anas, Colinus virginianus texanus, domestic chicken, Meleagris gallopavo, Numida, Per- dix perdix, Streptopelia orientalis Yamaguti (1961), Europe, Palestine, Cyprus, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Panama, North America, Africa, China Domestic chicken Hodasi (1969), Ghana Mukaratirwa, Hove, Esmann, Hoj, Permin & Nan- sen (2001), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Graber (1959), Chad Hodasi (1976), Ghana Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria 3. Subulura dentigera Ortlepp, 1937 Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1937), South Africa 4. Subulura differens (Sonsino, 1890) Heterakis differens Sonsino, 1890 Alectoris graeca, Centropus phasianus, domestic chicken, Euplectes orix, Numida meleagris, Perdix per- dix canescens, Pternistis bicalcaratus Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan 5. Subulura suctoria (Molin, 1860) Heterakis suctoria Molin, 1860; Ascaris forcipata Rudolphi, 1819, in part Caprimulgus, Podager, Nyctibius Yamaguti (1961), Brazil Burhinus, Coturnix, Numida, Pternistis Yamaguti (1961), South Africa (Transvaal) Coturnix coturnix, Lagopus lagopus, Phasianus colchi- cus, Phasianus colchicus mongolicus, Phasianus col- chicus principalis Yamaguti (1961), Russia, Turkestan Domestic chicken Permin et al. (1997), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Guttera edouardi Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1937), South Africa Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso 6. Subulura strongylina (Rudolphi, 1819) Ascaris strongylina Rudolphi, 1819; Strongylus spiculatus Cob bold, 1861 (Boughton 1939, cited in Yamaguti 1961) Bonasa, Bucco, Callipepla, Caprimulgus, Chelidoptera, Colinus, Cuculus, Gallus, Malocoptila, Monasa, Non- nula, Numida meleagris, Odontophorus, Perdix, Pod- ager, Tetrao, Tympanuchus Yamaguti (1961), North America, Puerto Rico Crypturellus, Odontophorus capueira, Tinamus Yamaguti (1961), Brazil Domestic chicken Permin et al. (1997), Tanzania Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Order Spirurida Diesing, 1861 Superfamily Thelazioidea Family THELAZIIDAE Skrjabin, 1915 GENUS OXYSPIRURA DRASCHE IN STOSSICH, 1897 Cramispirura Skrjabin, 1931 Type species: Oxyspirura cephaloptera (Molin, 1860) 1. Oxyspirura mansoni (Cobbold, 1879) Filaria mansoni Cobbold, 1879; Spiroptera emmerezii Em- merez & Mégnin, 1901 (Marotel & Carougeau 1902, cited in Yamaguti 1961) Domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, Pavo cristatus Yamaguti (1961), Atlantic and Pacific islands, Aus- tralia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Formosa, India, Japan, North America Numida meleagris Hodasi (1976), Ghana Superfamily Spiruroidea Family GONGYLONEMATIDAE (Hall, 1916, subfam.) Sobolev, 1949 GENUS GONGYLONEMA MOLIN, 1857 Type species: Gongylonema musculi (Rudolphi, 1819) Neu- mann, 1894 1. Gongylonema ingluvicola Ransom, 1904 Gongylonema sumani Bahlerao, 1933 (Baylis 1939, cited in Yamaguti 1961) 325 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Gallus, Meleagris, pheasants Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Permin et al. (2002), Zimbabwe Numida meleagris Nfor et al. (1999), Nigeria 2. Gongylonema congolense Fain, 1955 Cairina moschata Fain (1955), Democratic Republic of the Congo Gallus Fain (1955), Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda Guttera edouardi Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Numida meleagris Fain (1955), Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Graber (1976), Ethiopia Hodasi (1976), Ghana Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Scleroptila levaillantii Fain (1955), Rwanda 3. Gongylonema sumani Bhalerao, 1933 Gallus gallus Bhalerao (1933), India Numida meleagris Fain & Thienpont (1958), Burundi Superfamily Habronematoidea Family HABRONEMATIDAE (Chitwood & Wehr, 1932) Ivaschkin, 1961 Subfamily Habronematinae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 GENUS CYRNEA SEURAT, 1914 Seurocyrnea Strand, 1929; Skrjabinochona Guschkanskaja, 1931; Chenspirura Hsü, 1957 nec Kou, 1958 Type species: Cyrnea eurycerca Seurat, 1914 1. Cyrnea eurycerca Seurat, 1914 Alectoris, Coturnix, Francolinus, Phasianus, Merops Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Europe Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1938a), Southern Africa Alectoris rufa (“Perdix rouge” in Yamaguti [1961]) Yamaguti (1961), Corsica 2. Cyrnea parroti Seurat, 1917 Cyrnea seurati Lopéz-Neyra, 1918; Habronema numidae Ort- lepp, 1938; Cyrnea numidae (Ortlepp, 1938) Alectoris barbara Yamaguti (1961), Algeria Alectoris rufa Yamaguti (1961), Spain Numida meleagris Ortlepp (1938b), Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso Chabaud (1958) divided the genus Cyrnea into the two subgenera Procyrnea Chabaud, 1958 and Cyrnea Cha- baud, 1958, subsequently raising them to genus level (Chabaud, 1975). He also synonymized Cyrnea (Cyrnea) numidae Ortlepp, 1938 and Cyrnea (Cyrnea) seurati Lopéz-Neyra, 1918 with Cyrnea (Cyrnea) parroti Seurat, 1917. Our specimens of Cyrnea parroti collected from Numida meleagris in South Africa comply with Ortlepp’s (1938b) description of C. numidae, but the arrangement of cephalic structures in apical view is that of C. parroti. Not having examined Otlepp’s (1938b) specimens we adopt the classification of Chabaud (1958) and list Ort- lepp’s specimens as C. parroti. GENUS SICARIUS LI, 1934 Type species: Sicarius dipterum (Popova, 1927) Li, 1934 1. Sicarius caudatus Quentin & Wertheim, 1975 Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Pycnonotus capensis Quentin & Wertheim (1975), Israel Quentin & Wertheim (1975) described S. caudatus from P. capensis present in the collection of the “Hel minth olog- ical Laboratory Jerusalem” and list Jerusalem as locality. It should be noted that P. capensis is endemic to South Africa (Lepage 2007). We therefore conclude that the authors were either looking at birds kept in captivity in Israel, making it difficult to determine the geographic ori- gin of the parasites or did not have any information on the original locality if the birds had been collected in South Africa. 2. Sicarius renatae Cancrini, Balbo & Iori, 1991 Acryllium vulturinum Cancrini, Balbo & Iori (1991), Somalia Subfamily Histiocephalinae Gendre, 1922 GENUS HADJELIA SEURAT, 1916 Gilsonia Gedoelst, 1919; Stellobronema Guschanskaja, 1937; Sobolevicephalus Parukhin, 1964 1. Hadjelia truncata (Creplin, 1825) Spiroptera truncata Creplin, 1825; Hadjelia inermis (Gedoelst, 1919) Aceros corrugatus Ortlepp (1964), Malucca Islands, Indonesia Columba livia Tadros & Iskander (1975), Egypt Guttera edouardi, Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2007b), South Africa Tockus erythrorhynchus, Tockus leucomelas Ortlepp (1964), South Africa Tockus fasciatus semifasciatus Cram (1927, cited in Ortlepp 1964), Africa 326 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Coracias benghalensis, Halcyon smyrnensis, Upupa epops Singh (1949), India Chabaud & Campana (1950) synonymized H. inermis with H. truncata. Ortlepp (1964) did not follow this and recorded his specimens as H. inermis. Tadros & Iskander (1975) synonymized H. inermis, H. parva and H. lhuillieri with H. truncata, designating H. truncata as the new type species of the genus. Family TETRAMERIDAE Travassos, 1914 Subfamily Tetramerinae Railliet, 1915 GENUS TETRAMERES CREPLIN, 1846 Tropisurus Diesing, 1835; Tropidurus Wiegmann, 1835, preoccu- pied; Gynaecophila Gubanov, 1950; Petrowimeres Tschertkova, 1953; Microtetrameres auct. Type species: Tetrameres paradoxa (Diesing, 1835) 1. Tetrameres fissispina Diesing, 1861 Acanthophorus horridus Von Linstow, 1876; Acanthophorus tenuis Von Linstow, 1876; Filaria pulicis Von Linstow, 1894 Alectoris, Anas acuta, Anas clypeata, Anas platyrhyn- chos, Anas querquedula, Aythya ferina, Bucephala clangula, Columba livia, Cygnus melanocoryphus, Fu- lica atra, Gallus, Melanitta fusca, Meleagris, Meleagris gallopavo, Mergus merganser, Nycticorax nycticorax, Perdix, Somateria molissima, Tachybaptus fluviatilis Yamaguti (1961), Africa, Canton, Europe, For mosa, Guam, India, Malaya, North and South America, Philippines, Russian Turkestan, Siberia, Turkey Domestic chicken Le Roux (1926), South Africa Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Guineafowl Le Roux (1926), South Africa Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso 2. Tetrameres numida Junker & Boomker 2007 Numida meleagris Junker & Boomker (2007a), South Africa Chabaud (1975) divided the genus Tetrameres into the two subgenera Tetrameres (Tetrameres) Creplin, 1846 and Tetrameres (Microtetrameres) Travassos, 1915. We adopt the view of Anderson (1992) and consider the two as valid genera. Superfamily Acuarioidea Family Acuariidae (Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912, subfam.) Subfamily Acuariinae Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 GENUS ACUARIA BREMSER, 1811 Cheilospirura auct. Type species: Acuaria anthuris (Rudolphi, 1819) 1. Acuaria hamulosa (Diesing, 1851) Spiroptera hamulosa Diesing, 1851; Cheilospirura hamulosa Diesing, 1861; Spiroptera perforans Cento scudi, 1911 Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Meleagris, pheasant Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Domestic chicken Le Roux (1926), South Africa Poulsen et al. (2000), Ghana Magwisha et al. (2002), Tanzania Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana GENUS SYNHIMANTUS RAILLIET, HENRY & SISOFF, 1912 Type species: Synhimantus laticeps (Rudolphi, 1819) 1. Synhimantus spiralis (Linstow, 1883) Dispharagus spiralis Linstow, 1883 Accipiter, Alectoris, Bonasa, Ciconia, Colinus, Colum- ba, Coracias, Corvus, Gallus, Meleagris, Metopidius, Numida meleagris, Passer, Perdix, Phasianus, Quis- calus, Turdus, Turdus migratorius Yamaguti (1961), Cosmopolitan Numida meleagris Fabiyi (1972), Nigeria Hodasi (1976), Ghana Vercruysse et al. (1985), Burkina Faso GENUS DISPHARYNX RAILLIET, HENRY & SISOFF, 1912 Type species: Dispharynx nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) 1. Dispharynx nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) Spiroptera nasuta Rudolphi, 1819 Passer domesticus Yamaguti (1961), Europe Gallus gallus Yamaguti (1961), Africa, America, Australia, Cey- lon, Cuba, Formosa Domestic chicken, turkeys Gibbons, Jones & Khalil (1996), no geographic data given Numida meleagris Verster & Ptasinska-Kloryga (1987), South Africa HOST/PARASITE CHECK LIST Order Tinamiformes Family Tinamidae (Tinamous) GENUS TINAMUS HERMANN, 1783 Subulura strongylina GENUS CRYPTURELLUS BRABOURNE & CHUBB, 1914 Crypturus Subulura strongylina 327 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Order Galliformes Domestic chicken Mediorhynchus gallinarum Postharmostomum gallinum Choanotaenia infundibulum Davainea proglottina Echinolepis carioca Hymenolepis cantaniana Raillietina cohni Raillietina echinobothrida Raillietina tetragona Skrjabinia cesticillus Acuaria hamulosa Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Ascaridia perspicillum Capillaria anatis Dispharynx nasuta Eucoleus annulatus Gongylonema ingluvicola Heterakis brevispiculum Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum Oxyspirura mansoni Subulura brumpti Subulura differens Subululra strongylina Subulura suctoria Syngamus trachea Tetrameres fissispina Gallinaceaous birds, galliformes Mediorhynchus gallinarum Syngamus trachea Family Numididae (Guineafowls) Crested guineafowl Postharmostomum gallinum Guineafowl Cotugnia crassa Cotugnia digonopora Numidella numida Octopetalum numida Porogynia paronai Ascaridia galli Ascaridia numidae Tetrameres fissispina GENUS NUMIDA LINNAEUS, 1766 1. Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Helmeted Guinea fowl) Phasianus meleagris Numida meleagris galeatus Pallas, 1767 Numida galeata Numida meleagris meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) Numida ptilorhyncha Numida meleagris mitratus Pallas, 1767 Numida mitrata Numida meleagris marungensis Schalow, 1884 Numida frommi, Numida marungensis, Numida meleagris bodalyae, Numida meleagris frommi, Numida meleagris max- ima, Numida meleagris rikwae, Numida mitrata frommi, Nu mi- da mitrata maximia, Numida mitrata rikwae, Numida rikwae Mediorhynchus empodius Mediorhynchus gallinarum Mediorhynchus numidae Mediorhynchus selengensis Mediorhynchus taeniatus Dicrocoelium macrostomum Lutztrema sp. Postharmostomum gallinum Abuladzugnia gutterae Abuladzugnia transvaalensis Choanotaenia infundibulum Cotugnia crassa Cotugnia digonopora Cotugnia meleagridis Cotugnia tuliensis Davainea nana Davainea paucisegmentata Davainea paucisegmentata var. dahomeensis Davainea proglottina Echinolepis carioca Hispaniolepis falsata Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi Hispaniolepis hilmyi Hispaniolepis villosa Hymenolepis cantaniana Idiogenes sp. Metroliasthes lucida Numidella numida Octopetalum gutterae Octopetalum numida Ortleppolepis multiuncinata Porogynia paronai Raillietina angusta Raillietina cohni Raillietina echinobothrida Raillietina pintneri Raillietina steinhardti Raillietina tetragona Raillietina tetragonoides Raillietina toyohashiensis Skrjabinia cesticillus Skrjabinia deweti Acuaria hamulosa Ascaridia calcarata Ascaridia compar Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Ascaridia numidae Ascaridia perspicillum Aonchotheca caudinflata Capillaria anatis Cyrnea eurycerca 328 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Cyrnea parroti Eucoleus annulatus Gongylonema congolense Gongylonema ingluvicola Gongylonema sumani Hadjelia truncata Heterakis brevispiculum Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis Oxyspirura mansoni Sicarius caudatus Sicarius renatae Subulura acuticauda Subulura brumpti Subulura dentigera Subulura differens Subulura strongylina Subulura suctoria Strongyloides avium Syngamus trachea Dispharynx nasuta Synhimantus spiralis Tetrameres fissispina Tetrameres numida GENUS: GUTTERA WAGLER, 1832 Numidella numida Raillietina pintneri Ascaridia numidae 1. Guttera edouardi (Hartlaub, 1867) (Crested Guinea- fowl) Numida edouardi (Hartlaub, 1867); Guttera pucherani edou- ardi (Hartlaub, 1867) Mediorhynchus taeniatus Abuladzugnia gutterae Davainea nana Metroliasthes lucida Octopetalum gutterae Octopetalum numida Ortleppolepis multiuncinata Porogynia paronai Raillietina pintneri Raillietina steinhardti Raillietina tetragona Gongylonema congolense Hadjelia truncata Subulura suctoria GENUS: ACRYLLIUM GRAY, 1840 Heterakis gallinarum 1. Acryllium vulturinum Gray, 1840 (Vulturine Guinea- fowl) Cotugnia shohoi Raillietina somalensis Heterakis tenuicauda Sicarius renatae Family ODONTOPHORIDAE (New World quails) GENUS OREORTYX BAIRD, 1858 Ortyx in Yamaguti (1961) 1. Oreortyx pictus (Douglas, 1829) (Mountain Quail) Ortyx picta Ascaridia compar Heterakis vesicularis GENUS CALLIPEPLA WAGLER, 1832 Lophortyx Subulura strongylina GENUS COLINUS GOLDFUSS, 1820 Ascaridia galli Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis vesicularis Heterakis gallinarum Subulura strongylina Synhimantus spiralis 1. Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Northern Bob- white) Tetrao virginianus Echinolepis carioca Hymenolepis cantaniana Skrjabinia cesticillus 1a. Colinus virginianus texanus Lawrence, 1853 Subulura brumpti GENUS ODONTOPHORUS VIEILLOT, 1816 Subulura strongylina 1. Odontophorus capueira (Spix, 1825) (Spot-winged Wood-quail) Perdix capueira Subulura strongylina Family PHASIANIDAE (Partridges, francolins, spur fowls, pheasants, etc.) Partridge Ascaridia lineata Pheasant Acuaria hamulosa Gongylonema ingluvicola Turkey Dispharynx nasuta GENUS MELEAGRIS LINNAEUS, 1758 Acuaria hamulosa Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Eucoleus annulatus Gongylonema ingluvicola Heterakis vesicularis Heterakis gallinarum Synhimantus spiralis 329 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Tetrameres fissispina 1. Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus, 1758 (Wild Turkey, Common Turkey) Echinolepis carioca Hymenolepis cantaniana Metroliasthes lucida Numidella numida Raillietina echinobothrida Raillietina tetragona Skrjabinia cesticillus Ascaridia perspicillum Oxyspirura mansoni Subulura brumpti Tetrameres fissispina 2. Meleagris ocellata Cuvier, 1820 (Ocellated Turkey) Agriocharis ocellata Ascaridia galli GENUS BONASA STEPHENS, 1819 Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis gallinarum Subulura strongylina Synhimantus spiralis 1. Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Ruffed Grouse) Tetrao umbellus Davainea proglottina Echinolepis carioca GENUS TETRASTES KEYSERLING & BLASIUS, 1840 Ascaridia compar 1. Tetrastes bonasia (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hazel Grouse) Bonasa bonasia, Bonasia bonasia, Tetrao bonasia Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi Hymenolepis cantaniana Skrjabinia cesticillus 1a. Tetrastes bonasia rupestris (Brehm, 1831) Ascaridia perspicillum GENUS TETRAO LINNAEUS, 1758 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia compar Ascaridia galli Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis vesicularis Heterakis gallinarum Subulura strongylina 1. Tetrao urogallus Linnaeus, 1758 (Western Caper cail- lie) Tetrao major Skrjabinia cesticillus Ascaridia perspicillum 2. Tetrao parvirostris Bonaparte, 1856 (Black-billed Ca p- er caillie) Tetrao urogalloides Hymenolepis cantaniana GENUS LYRURUS SWAINSON, 1832 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia compar Ascaridia galli Capillaria anatis Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis gallinarum 1. Lyrurus tetrix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Black Grouse) Tetrao tetrix Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi Skrjabinia cesticillus GENUS TYMPANUCHUS GLOGER, 1841 Cupidonia Ascaridia lineata Heterakis gallinarum 1. Tympanuchus phasianellus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sharp- tailed Grouse) Pedioecetes phasianellus (Linnaeus, 1758), Tetrao phasi- anellus Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Heterakis gallinarum Subulura strongylina GENUS LAGOPUS BRISSON, 1760 Aonchotheca caudinflata Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis 1. Lagopus lagopus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Willow Ptarmi gan) Tetrao lagopus Raillietina tetragona Skrjabinia cesticillus Subulura suctoria 1a. Lagopus lagopus scotica (Latham, 1787) Lagopus scotica Skrjabinia cesticillus 2. Lagopus muta (Montin, 1781) (Rock Ptarmigan) Raillietina tetragona GENUS TETRAGALLUS GRAY, 1832 1. Tetraogallus caucasicus (Pallas, 1811) (Caucasian Snowcock) Tetrao caucasica Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi 2. Tetraogallus himalayensis Gray, 1843 (Himalayan Snowcock) Megaloperdix nigelli Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi GENUS ALECTORIS KAUP, 1829 Caccabis in Yamaguti (1961) 330 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Ascaridia compar Ascaridia galli Ascaridia numidae Cyrnea eurycerca Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum Synhimantus spiralis Tetrameres fissispina 1. Alectoris barbara (Bonnaterre, 1792) (Barbary Part- ridge) Caccabis petrosa, Perdix barbara Cyrnea parroti 2. Alectoris graeca (Meisner, 1804) (Rock Partridge) Perdix graeca Davainea proglottina Echinolepis carioca Metroliasthes lucida Heterakis tenuicauda Subulura brumpti Subulura differens 2a. Alectoris graeca saxatilis (Bechstein, 1805) Caccabis saxatilis chukar Heterakis tenuicauda Lepage (2007) states that the original Alectoris graeca has been split into four species, namely Alectoris graeca, Alec- toris chukar (Gray, 1830), Alectoris philbyi Lowe, 1934 and Alectoris magna (Prjevalski, 1876). 3. Alectoris rufa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Red-legged Part ridge) Caccabis rufa, Coturnix rufa, Tetrao rufus Metroliasthes lucida Cyrnea eurycerca Cyrnea parroti GENUS FRANCOLINUS STEPHENS, 1819 Ascaridia lineata Cyrnea eurycerca Heterakis gallinarum GENUS SCLEROPTILA BLYTH, 1852 1. Scleroptila levaillantii (Valenciennes, 1825) (Red- winged Francolin) Francolinus levaillantii, Perdix levaillantii Gongylonema congolense GENUS PTERNISTIS WAGLER, 1832 Subulura suctoria 1. Pternistis natalensis (Smith, 1834) (Natal Spurfowl) Francolinus natalensis, Pternistes natalensis Porogynia paronai 2. Pternistis bicalcaratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Double- spurred Spurfowl) Francolinus bicalcaratus, Tetrao bicalcaratus Heterakis brevispiculum Subulura differens GENUS PERDIX BRISSON, 1760 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia compar Ascaridia galli Capillaria anatis Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis vesicularis Heterakis gallinarum Subulura strongylina Synhimantus spiralis Tetrameres fissispina 1. Perdix perdix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Grey Partridge) Tetrao perdix Davainea proglottina Hymenolepis cantaniana Metroliasthes lucida Raillietina echinobothrida Skrjabinia cesticillus Subulura brumpti 1a. Perdix perdix canescens Buturlin, 1906 Subulura differens GENUS COTURNIX BONNATERRE, 1791 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia compar Cyrnea eurycerca Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis Subulura suctoria 1. Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common Quail) Tetrao coturnix Dicrocoelium macrostomum Echinolepis carioca Hymenolepis cantaniana Metroliasthes lucida Skrjabinia cesticillus Acuaria hamulosa Subulura suctoria GENUS ITHAGINIS WAGLER, 1832 Ascaridia galli GENUS TRAGOPAN CUVIER, 1829 Ceriornis Heterakis gallinarum GENUS LOPHOPHORUS TEMMINCK, 1813 Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis GENUS GALLUS BRISSON, 1760 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia compar Ascaridia lineata Eucoleus annulatus Gongylonema congolense 331 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Gongylonema ingluvicola Heterakis vesicularis Strongyloides avium Subulura strongylina Synhimantus spiralis Tetrameres fissispina 1. Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Red Junglefowl) Gallus ferrugineus, Phasianus gallus Davainea proglottina Echinolepis carioca Hispaniolepis fedtschenkoi Hymenolepis cantaniana Metroliasthes lucida Raillietina cohni Raillietina echinobothrida Raillietina tetragona Skrjabinia cesticillus Acuaria hamulosa Dispharynx nasuta Gongylonema sumani Oxyspirura mansoni 1a. Gallus gallus bankiva Temminck, 1813 Metroliasthes lucida Raillietina echinobothrida GENUS LOPHURA FLEMING, 1822 Gennaeus Heterakis gallinarum 1. Lophura nycthemera (Linnaeus, 1758) (Silver Pheas- ant) Euplocamus nycthemerus, Gennaeus nycthemerus, Phasi- anus nycthemerus Heterakis vesicularis GENUS SYRMATICUS WAGLER, 1832 Graphophasianus Eucoleus annulatus 1. Syrmaticus soemmeringii (Temminck, 1830) (Copper Pheasant) Graphophasianus soemmeringii, Phasianus soemmeringii Heterakis gallinarum GENUS PHASIANUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Aonchotheca caudinflata Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Capillaria anatis Cyrnea eurycerca Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis gallinarum Synhimantus spiralis 1. Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758 (Common Pheas- ant, Ring-necked Pheasant) Hymenolepis cantaniana Raillietina echinobothrida Skrjabinia cesticillus Heterakis vesicularis Subulura suctoria 1a. Phasianus colchicus mongolicus Brandt, 1844 Phasianus mongolicus turkestanicus Subulura suctoria 1b. Phasianus colchicus principalis Sclater, 1885 Phasianus principalis Subulura suctoria GENUS CHRYSOLOPHUS GRAY, 1834 Thaumalea Aonchotheca caudinflata Eucoleus annulatus Heterakis gallinarum GENUS POLYPLECTRON TEMMINCK, 1807 Heterakis vesicularis GENUS PAVO LINNAEUS, 1758 Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis 1. Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Indian Peafowl) Hymenolepis cantaniana Raillietina tetragona Ascaridia perspicillum Oxyspirura mansoni 2. Pavo muticus Linnaeus, 1766 (Green Peafowl) Raillietina tetragona Order Anseriformes Syngamus trachea Family ANATIDAE (Ducks, geese and swans) Duck Ascaridia galli Ascaridia lineata Goose Ascaridia lineata GENUS ANSER BRISSON, 1760 Cotugnia digonopora Ascaridia lineata Capillaria anatis Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum 1. Anser cygnoides (Linnaeus, 1758) (Swan Goose) Cygnopsis cygnoides Heterakis dispar GENUS BRANTA SCOPOLI, 1769 Heterakis dispar 1. Branta bernicla (Linnaeus, 1758) (White-bellied Brant) 332 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Anas bernicla “Bernicla” Heterakis dispar GENUS CYGNUS BECHSTEIN, 1803 1. Cygnus atratus (Latham, 1790) (Australian Black Swan) Chenopsis atrata Heterakis vesicularis 2. Cygnus melanocoryphus (Molina, 1782) Tetrameres fissispina GENUS CHLOEPHAGA EYTON, 1838 Heterakis dispar GENUS TADORNA BOIE, 1822 Todorna Heterakis dispar GENUS CAIRINA FLEMING, 1822 Ascaridia galli Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum 1. Cairina moschata (Linnaeus,1758) (Muscovy Duck) Gongylonema congolense GENUS ANAS LINNAEUS, 1758 Ascaridia lineata Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum Heterakis vesicularis Subulura brumpti 1. Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758 (Mallard) Anas boschas Tetrameres fissispina 2. Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 (Northern Shoveler) Anas spathula, Spatula clypeata Tetrameres fissispina 3. Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758 (Northern Pintail) Dafila acuta Ascaridia perspicillum Tetrameres fissispina According to Lepage (2007) A. acuta has been split into A. acuta and Anas eatoni, but some authors consider A. eatoni a subspecies of A. acuta. Peterson (1999) lists the two as separate species. 4. Anas querquedula Linnaeus, 1758 (Garganey) Querquedula querquedula Capillaria anatis Tetrameres fissispina GENUS AYTHYA BOIE, 1822 1. Aythya ferina (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common Pochard) Anas ferina, Aristonetta ferina, Nyroca ferina Tetrameres fissispina GENUS SOMATERIA LEACH, 1819 1. Somateria mollissima (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common Eider) Anas mollissima Tetrameres fissispina GENUS MELANITTA BOIE, 1822 Oedemia, Oidemia Capillaria anatis 1. Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus, 1758) (Velvet Scooter) Anas fusca, Oidemia fusca Tetrameres fissispina GENUS CLANGULA LEACH, 1819 1. Clangula hyemalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Oldsquaw, Long- tailed Duck) Anas hyemalis, Harelda hyemalis, Ereunetes occidentalis Capillaria anatis GENUS BUCEPHALA BAIRD, 1858 1. Bucephala clangula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common Gol d- eneye) Anas clangula, Clangula clangula, Glaucionetta clangula Tetrameres fissispina GENUS MERGUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Merganser Capillaria anatis 1. Mergus merganser Linnaeus, 1758 (Common Mer- ganser) Tetrameres fissispina Order Turniciformes Family TURNICIDAE (Buttonquail) GENUS TURNIX BONNATERRE, 1791 1. Turnix suscitator (Gmelin, 1789) (Barred Buttonquail) Tetrao suscitator Hymenolepis cantaniana Order Piciformes Syngamus trachea Order Galbuliformes Family BUCCONIDAE (Puffbirds) GENUS BUCCO BRISSON, 1760 Subulura strongylina GENUS MALOCOPTILA GRAY, 1841 Subulura strongylina 333 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER GENUS NONNULA SCLATER, 1854 Subulura strongylina GENUS MONASA VIEILLOT, 1816 Subulura strongylina GENUS CHELIDOPTERA GOULD, 1837 Subulura strongylina Order Bucerotiformes Family BUCEROTIDAE (Hornbills) GENUS ACEROS HODGSON, 1844 1. Aceros corrugatus (Temminck, 1832) (Wrinkled Horn- bill) Buceros corrugatus, Rhyniceros corrugatus Hadjelia truncata GENUS TOCKUS LESSON, 1830 1. Tockus erythrorhynchus (Temminck, 1823) (Red-bill- ed Hornbill) Buceros erythrorhynchus Hadjelia truncata 2. Tockus fasciatus semifasciatus (Hartlaub, 1855) (Allied Hornbill) Lophoceros semifasciatus Hadjelia truncata 3. Tockus leucomelas (Liechtenstein, 1842) (Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill) Buceros leucomelas Hadjelia truncate Some authors consider T. leucomelas a subspecies of Tockus flavirostris (Rüppell, 1853) (Lepage 2007) Order Upupiformes Family UPUPIDAE (Hoopoes) GENUS UPUPA LINNAEUS, 1758 1. Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758 (Hoopoe) Hadjelia truncata Family CORACIIDAE (Rollers) GENUS CORACIAS LINNAEUS, 1758 Synhimantus spiralis 1. Coracias benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Indian Rol- ler) Corvus benghalensis Hadjelia truncata GENUS HALCYON SWAINSON, 1821 1. Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (White-throated Kingfisher) Hadjelia truncata Family MEROPIDAE (Bee-eaters) GENUS MEROPS LINNAEUS, 1758 Cyrnea eurycerca Order Cuculiformes Family CUCULIDAE (Cuckoos, coucals, anis, road runners, couas, etc.) GENUS CUCULUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Subulura strongylina GENUS CENTROPUS ILLIGER, 1811 1. Centropus phasianinus (Latham, 1802) (Pheasant Coucal) Cuculus phasianinus Subulura differens Order Strigiformes Family STRIGIDAE (Typical owls) GENUS STRIX LINNAEUS, 1758 Heterakis dispar Heterakis gallinarum GENUS SURNIA DUMERIL, 1805 Heterakis dispar GENUS GLAUCIDIUM BOIE, 1826 Heterakis dispar Family NYCTIBIIDAE (Potoos) GENUS NYCTIBIUS VIEILLOT, 1816 Subulura suctoria Family CAPRIMULGIDAE (Nightjars) GENUS PODAGER WAGLER, 1832 Subulura strongylina Subulura suctoria GENUS CAPRIMULGUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Subulura strongylina Subulura suctoria Order Columbiformes Family COLUMBIDAE (Pigeons and doves) Pigeon Ascaridia lineata GENUS COLUMBA LINNAEUS, 1758 Aonchotheca caudinflata Synhimantus spiralis 1. Columba livia Gmelin, 1785 (Rock Pigeon) 334 Check list of helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and host list of parasites Cotugnia digonopora Raillietina echinobothrida Hadjelia truncata Tetrameres fissispina GENUS STREPTOPELIA BONAPARTE, 1855 Spilopelia Ascaridia galli 1. Streptopelia orientalis (Latham, 1790) (Oriental Turtle- Dove) Columba orientalis, Turtur orientalis Subulura brumpti Order Gruiformes Family RALLIDAE (Rails, crakes, moorhens and coots) GENUS FULICA LINNAEUS, 1758 1. Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 (Common Coot) Tetrameres fissispina Family OTIDIDAE (Bustards and korhaans) Yamaguti (1961) lists Aonchotheca caudinflata, Heterakis galli- narum and Heterakis vesicularis from Otis without giving the host’s species name. It is therefore not clear whether Otis refers to the current genus Otis, Ardeotis, Neotis or Chlamy dotis. Otidiformes in Yamaguti (1961) Syngamus trachea GENUS OTIS LINNAEUS, 1758 1. Otis tarda Linnaeus, 1758 (Great Bustard) Mediorhynchus taeniatus GENUS ARDEOTIS LE MAOUT, 1853 1. Ardeotis arabs (Linnaeus, 1758) (Arabian Bustard) Choriotis arabs, Otis arabs Mediorhynchus empodius Mediorhynchus taeniatus GENUS CHLAMYDOTIS LESSON, 1839 Houbara Hetrakis gallinarum According to Lepage (2007) the common name Houbara has been split into Chlamydotis undulata and Chlamydotis mac- queenii. 1. Chlamydotis undulata (Jacquin, 1784) (Houbara Bus- tard) Otis houbara, Psophia undulata Mediorhynchus taeniatus Hispaniolepis falsata 2. Chlamydotis macqueenii Gray, 1832 (Macqueen’s Bustard) Otis macqueenii Mediorhynchus taeniatus Order Charadriiformes Family PTEROCLIDIAE (Sandgrouse) GENUS PTEROCLES TEMMINCK, 1815 Calopterocles Heterakis gallinarum 1. Pterocles exustus Temminck, 1825 (Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse) Pteroclidurus exustus, Pterocles senegalensis Raillietina cohni Lepage (2007) lists Pterocles senegalensis as synonym for Pterocles exustus. 2. Pterocles orientalis arenarius (Pallas, 1775) (Eastern Black-bellied Sandgrouse) Pterocles arenarius Raillietina cohni Lepage (2007) and Peterson (1999) list Pterocles arenarius as subspecies of Pterocles orientalis (Linnaeus, 1758). Family JACANIDAE (Jacanas) GENUS METOPIDIUS WAGLER, 1832 Synhimantus spiralis Family BURHINIDAE (Thick-knees) GENUS BURHINUS ILLIGER, 1811 Oedicnemus Subulura suctoria 1. Burhinus oedicnemus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Eurasian Thick-knee) Charadrius oedicnemus, Oedicnemus crepitans Mediorhynchus taeniatus Family CHARADRIIDAE (Plovers, dotterels, lapwings) GENUS VANELLUS BRISSON, 1760 1. Vanellus cinereus (Blyth, 1842) (Grey-headed Lap- wing) Hoplopterus cinereus, Microsarcops cinereus, Pluvianus cin- ereus Davainea nana Order Falconiformes Family ACCIPITRIDAE (Eagles, hawks, buzzards, kites, vulures) GENUS ACCIPITER BRISSON, 1760 Synhimantus spiralis Order Ciconiiformes Family PODICIPEDIDAE (Grebes) GENUS TACHYBAPTUS REICHENBACH, 1853 1. Tachybaptus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) (Aus- tralian Grebe) 335 K. JUNKER & J. BOOMKER Podiceps fluviatilis, Podiceps novaehollandiae Tetrameres fissispina Family ARDEIDAE (Herons, egrets and bitterns) “Ardeiformes” Syngamus trachea GENUS ARDEA LINNAEUS, 1758 Mediorhynchus empodius GENUS NYCTICORAX FORSTER, 1817 1. Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758) (Black-crowned Night-Heron) Ardea nycticorax Tetrameres fissispina Family PELECANIDAE (Pelicans) “Pelicaniformes” Syngamus trachea Family CICONIIDAE (Storks) GENUS CICONIA BRISSON, 1760 Synhimantus spiralis Order Passeriformes Syngamus trachea Family CORVIDAE (Crows and ravens) GENUS CORVUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Heterakis gallinarum Synhimantus spiralis Family PYCNONOTIDAE GENUS PYCNONOTUS BOIE, 1826 1. Pycnonotus capensis (Linnaeus, 1766) (Cape Bulbul) Sicarius caudatus Family MUSCICAPIDAE (Old World flycatchers) GENUS TURDUS LINNAEUS, 1758 Aonchotheca caudinflata Synhimantus spiralis 1. Turdus viscivorus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mistle Thrush) Ascaridia perspicillum 2. Turdus migratorius Linnaeus, 1766 (American Robin) Planesticus migratorius Synhimantus spiralis Family STURNIDAE (Starlings) GENUS STURNUS Aonchotheca caudinflata Family PASSERIDAE (Old World sparrows, sowfinches and relatives) GENUS PASSER BRISSON, 1760 Aonchotheca caudinflata Synhimantus spiralis 1. Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (House Spar row) Fringilla domestica Dispharynx nasuta GENUS EUPLECTES SWAINSON, 1829 1. Euplectes orix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Red Bishop) Pyromelana oryx Subulura differens Family FRINGILLIDAE (Canaries and buntings) GENUS QUISCALUS VIEILLOT, 1816 Synhimantus spiralis ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The first author was supported by a Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship grant. Funds for this research were made available by the De part- ment of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, as well as the Faculty of Veterinary Science of the University of Pretoria. REFERENCES ANDERSON, R.C. 1992. 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