item: #1 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1022 author: Kawamoto, Kanae title: Buddhism and Suicide: Voluntary Death and Its Philosophy date: 2015-06-25 words: 6320 flesch: 51 summary: - prefecture? 28Ozawa, Harumi, “Author of Japanese suicide manual has no regrets”, The Mail & Guardian, (13 July 2006), 29Watts, Jonathan, “Tokyo urged to curb suicide book after spate of deaths”, The Guardian, Tokyo, (10 December 1999), . 30Ibid.. 31Watts, Jonathan, “Tokyo urged to curb suicide book after spate of deaths”. 2. Suicide by gender The global predominance of suicide rates by gender is consis- tently seen in the predominance of males over females (see Figure 2).6 The X-axis indicates the male suicide rate and the Y-axis that of females. keywords: book; countries; death; japanese; life; male; people; rate; samurai; society; statistics; suicide; zen cache: prajnavihara-1022.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1022.txt item: #2 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1023 author: J. Alam, Edward title: Philosophy and Healing: Restoring an Ancient Alliance date: 2015-06-25 words: 7346 flesch: 42 summary: Aided by remarkable accomplishments in molecular biology, this new science of mind or biology of the brain attempts to unite philosophy, psychology, and psychoanalysis in novel ways when it comes to ques- tions concerning human nature and personal identity-leading to contro- versial positions such as the one suggesting that it is “each person’s brain [that] creates the consciousness of a unique self and the sense of free will”.4 This seems especially important today given the advent of the new science of mind or biology of the brain, which, as mentioned, has recently been attempting, due to the dramatic and exciting achievements in molecular biology, to unite philosophy, psychology, and psychoanaly- sis in novel ways, particularly when it comes to questions concerning human nature and personal identity__and has generated a number of con- troversial positions regarding the origin of mind__positions related in par- ticular to the complex phenomenon of memory. keywords: aristotle; biology; brain; century; human; matter; memory; mind; new; philosophy; science cache: prajnavihara-1023.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1023.txt item: #3 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1024 author: G. Rodriguez, Agustin Martin title: An Agenda for Just and Sustainable Development at the End of Life as We Know It date: 2015-06-25 words: 5775 flesch: 56 summary: Our invasion of other habitats and destruction of other ways of being in the world was almost unconscious on our part. In the fair and just discourse of governance, we open our fixated dominant rationality to other ways of being. keywords: development; food; human; life; people; production; rationalities; systems; way; world cache: prajnavihara-1024.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1024.txt item: #4 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1025 author: Purwadi, Yohanes Slamet title: The Primacy of Language in Paul Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics date: 2015-06-25 words: 5958 flesch: 46 summary: It “creates itself” in and through language; mean- ing, we transform ourselves as well during the interpretation process. Function of Language: Re-description In Existential-Phenomenological Hermeneutics’ perspective, lin- guistic interpretation has its reference in the idea of the world. This is because poetic language follows the path of the ‘reverberation’ of the poetic image into the depths of existence”.46 To understand this more clearly we can look to the formulation of Richard Kearney: “The poetic image thus points to the very ‘depths of existence’ where ‘a new being in language’ is synonymous with ‘a growth in being’ itself. keywords: heidegger; husserl; language; meaning; phenomenology; ricoeur; world cache: prajnavihara-1025.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1025.txt item: #5 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1026 author: Moshammer, Gerald title: On Schiller’s Aesthetic and Social Elevation of Moral Perception date: 2015-06-25 words: 7229 flesch: 53 summary: Further, by making the robbed man the subject, rather than the object of moral perception, Schiller turns the table on contemporary approaches to moral sensation. In this paper, I claim that with the notion of moral beauty, Schiller substantially transcends contem- porary philosophical approaches to moral perception by (i) lead- ing the eye to the ‘how’, rather than only to the ‘what’ of an action, (ii) loosening the fixation on the immoral, yet becoming aware of the graceful among the ostensibly dutiful and (iii) realiz- ing that the possibility of moral perception is ultimately interlocked with graceful expressions in social interactions. keywords: beauty; freedom; grace; human; man; nature; notion; perception; play; schiller; sensation; traveler cache: prajnavihara-1026.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1026.txt item: #6 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1027 author: Dobson, Kenneth; Saniotis, Arthur title: Dragons: Myth and the Cosmic Powers date: 2015-06-25 words: 5213 flesch: 67 summary: Zhulong is one of the most prominent of Chinese dragons, and demonstrably one of the most ancient in the world. However between the age of chaos and the age of gods, is the age of dragons. keywords: apep; bce; campbell; chinese; dragon; god; knowledge; makara; naga; new; serpent; sheshanaag; world; zhulong cache: prajnavihara-1027.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1027.txt item: #7 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1028 author: Miller, Leon title: The Split in the Western Intellectual Tradition: the Controversy Over Knowing and What Can Be Known date: 2015-06-25 words: 6958 flesch: 48 summary: Kant recognized that Cartesian Dualism was creating problems in human interactions (re- sulting from the fragmentation of human knowledge) that led to the frag- mentary nature of the human experience. The belief__dating back to the pre-Socrates philosopher Thucydides__was that “Imperialism is based on certain traits inherent in human nature, which are believed to be uni- versal. keywords: complementarity; existence; human; interactions; kant; knowledge; nature; principle; self; sense; value cache: prajnavihara-1028.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1028.txt item: #8 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1029 author: Magliola, Robert title: Sculpting Words in Ice: How Buddhist and Christian Stylistiques En-Act Mundane Failure and Ultimate Hope date: 2015-06-25 words: 3567 flesch: 62 summary: In the great Shobo-genzo of Dogen Zenji (1200- 1253), formal techniques scramble conventional holisms and fixed identities in order to act-out the “true nature” of reality-reality, for Dogen, is at once “con- tinuous flux” (and “absolute density”). In terms of language, what is relevant is that Dogen navigates textual bodies as an equivalent of how he navigates all things. keywords: altar; body; chapter; dogen; genzo; mind; poem; shobo; vol cache: prajnavihara-1029.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1029.txt item: #9 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1030 author: Singhsa, Kanchana title: Ethics Instruction During the Period of Thai Educational Reform date: 2015-06-25 words: 8470 flesch: 59 summary: Primary school teaching methods. Primary school teaching methods. keywords: bangkok; classroom; education; ethics; learners; learning; lessons; method; national; primary; reform; schools; teachers; teaching; thai cache: prajnavihara-1030.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1030.txt item: #10 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1031 author: Sayadmansour, Alireza title: Ethical Issues of Educational Technology Applied by the Uncritical Mass date: 2015-06-25 words: 6533 flesch: 51 summary: «Ö觵è͵éÒ¹á¹Ç» Ô̄ºÑµÔ¢Í§ÍصÊÒËกÃÃÁÊÔè§·Í ã¹ÍѧกÄÉàÁ×èÍ 200 »ÕÁÒáÅéÇ Abstract The article defines the ethics of educational technology in terms of its benefits for teacher and student, and whether other motives determine its use. Concern for loss of artistry caused by automated methods is seen in the modern-day criticisms of educational technology as destroying the artistry of the individual teacher and the personal relationship of the teacher and student (Noble, 1993; Robertson, 1998). keywords: distance; education; facebook; learning; life; media; new; online; open; research; software; students; technologies; technology; users cache: prajnavihara-1031.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1031.txt item: #11 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1032 author: Larson, J. title: Albert Camus on Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism date: 2015-06-25 words: 8637 flesch: 58 summary: With the Incarnation, which Camus calls the “privileged theme” and the center of Christian thought, the gap was bridged and the two realms were finally connected.11 In Camus’ words: “Man being unable to rejoin God, God comes down to man,”12 which is a reverse of the process of Plotinus’ Soul’s ascent up the ladder to The One. In the figure of Christ, God’s will is seen operating, and Camus cites Paul’s comment that the sole purpose of this will 58 Prajna Vihara- - ~ was to save mankind. keywords: augustine; camus; christian; christianity; evil; faith; god; greek; human; man; philosophy; sin; world cache: prajnavihara-1032.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1032.txt item: #12 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1033 author: Miller, Leon title: Wisdom Traditions, Nature and Inherent Human Values date: 2015-06-25 words: 4848 flesch: 42 summary: We are demanded by the urges of human nature to interact with the environment. This has prompted many scholars __ in their effort to help humanity experience greater well-being __ to address human nature and the value preferences that motivate human behavior. keywords: existence; experience; human; humanity; nature; preference; value cache: prajnavihara-1033.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1033.txt item: #13 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1034 author: Jupatanakul, Ramida title: A Sisyphean Task: The Buddha’s Perseverance and Its Application to Religious Dialogue date: 2015-06-25 words: 7497 flesch: 69 summary: The word “Sisyphean task”, as it became known, represents the struggle to per- form a task that seems to be unattainable or never-ending. My attempt in this paper is made to demythologize the mythology of Sisyphean task through different examples of real stories in this present day world to inculcate the true meaning of the Bud- dhist doctrine of ‘Perseverance’ (viriya). keywords: chimpanzees; fight; jane; life; mind; people; perseverance; september; sisyphus; task; world; yunus cache: prajnavihara-1034.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1034.txt item: #14 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1035 author: Sabur, Mohammad Abdus title: Social Sciences and Peace Studies date: 2015-06-25 words: 4933 flesch: 53 summary: On the other hand, Peace studies can play a role in sensitizing social sciences to Mohammad Abdus Sabur 119 be proactive and practical in responding to conflict studies of various natures. Azar’s protracted social conflict theory refers to violent struggle of community groups in search of recognition, politi- cal participation and economic development. keywords: adam; conflict; lederach; peace; peace studies; process; resolution; society; studies; theory cache: prajnavihara-1035.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1035.txt item: #15 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1036 author: Giordano, John title: Teacher’s Heads date: 2015-06-25 words: 6216 flesch: 64 summary: But just as in biology where the introduction of foreign species creates disruptions in the local ecosystem, a kind of knowledge based upon units of information, which are in free compe- 136 Prajna Vihara- -~ tition, is disruptive of local knowledge and favors the producers and manag- ers of knowledge. I think we are not in danger in emphasizing these organic metaphors with regard to traditional knowledge. keywords: bauman; ceremony; control; culture; information; khru; knowledge; phra; student; teacher; wai cache: prajnavihara-1036.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1036.txt item: #16 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1037 author: Kharuphankit, Phra Siriphong title: Cultural Snapshots: On the Rishi date: 2015-06-25 words: 1564 flesch: 74 summary: Rishi Alara taught him to perfect up through the seventh level of trance and the Rishi Udaka taught him to perfect the eighth level of trance. The first passage is from Phra Siriphong and is a description of the various kinds of Rishi [Eysei, Rsi]. keywords: buddha; lord; phra; rishi; siriphong cache: prajnavihara-1037.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1037.txt item: #17 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1038 author: Offor, Francis title: The Contractual Foundation of Justice and Democracy as an Imperative for Social Development in Africa date: 2015-06-25 words: 5431 flesch: 52 summary: But, first, let us start with a historical excursion on the relationship between social contract and the notion of justice.l Social Contract and the Idea of Justice in the Ancient Period Although the Social Contract Theory is usually associated with modern moral and political theorists like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, philosophers before and after these, also gave elaborate attention to discussing the idea of a social contract. Social Contract, Justice and Development in Africa So far in this paper, attempt has been made to establish the link between social contract and the notion of justice. keywords: contract; democracy; development; justice; nature; notion; society; state cache: prajnavihara-1038.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1038.txt item: #18 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1039 author: Foley, Sean title: When Spirit and Intellect Know no Gender Boundaries: Women and the Rise of the Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya in the Ottoman Empire during the Nineteenth Century date: 2015-06-25 words: 4868 flesch: 49 summary: From Khalid’s correspondence and Ottoman records, we know that at least one of Khalid’s wives had brothers and other rela- tives in Aramayn (Hawraman), a mountainous region on the Ottoman- Iranian frontier northeast of Shahrazur.12 In another one of his letters, Shaykh Khalid mentions that he had recently visited his mother (presum- ably his mother’s grave) in this region. Shaykh Khalid had female disciples throughout the Ottoman Empire and married the daugh- ter of a prominent Syrian family, but he forbade his disciples in Istanbul after 1823 to marry Turkish women or to allow young women to enter the official Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya lodge in Istanbul; the point of this was to prevent them from forming independent alliances with Turkish elites.22 Equally important, Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya sources also record that Khalid, while on his deathbed in 1827, barred women outside of his fam- ily from entering his family’s house in Damascus. keywords: century; damascus; family; followers; khadija; khalid; khalidiyya; library; naqshbandiyya; order; ottoman; role; shaykh; women cache: prajnavihara-1039.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1039.txt item: #19 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1040 author: Ukpokolo, Chinyere title: Ezigbo MMADU: An Anthropological Investigation into the Concept of a Good Person in Igbo Worldview date: 2015-06-25 words: 5379 flesch: 60 summary: Okafor, (1995) puts it this way: Igbo human laws are social instruments by which di- verse and often conflicting interests of the members of the society are regulated in such a way that common interest of the community as a whole is placed above individual interests (Okafor, 1995: 64). This paper attempts an anthropological exploration of what con- stitutes ezigbo mmadu (good person) in Igbo worldview with the inten- tion of understanding how this shapes human behaviour and social inter- action in traditional Igbo society. keywords: community; ezigbo; good; igbo; individual; life; mmadu; people; person; society cache: prajnavihara-1040.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1040.txt item: #20 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1041 author: Saniotis, Arthur title: Mystical Strategies: Sufism in the 21st Century date: 2015-06-25 words: 1777 flesch: 57 summary: One of the hallmarks of traditional Sufism was its ability to adapt to the socio-cultural environments where it found itself in. There is little doubt that Sufi orders such as the Chistiyyah adopted a more liberal understanding of Hinduism, and emphasised communal harmony between Hindus and Muslims. keywords: century; islamic; muslim; societies; sufism cache: prajnavihara-1041.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1041.txt item: #21 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1042 author: Dua, Mikhael title: The Tacit Dimension inKnowledge Management: The Implications of the Epistemology of Michael Polanyi date: 2015-06-25 words: 7764 flesch: 54 summary: This aspect of tacit knowledge reflects our image of reality and our vision of the future. With this concept in mind, Nonaka and Takeuchi anticipate that in business it is not the thing that we have knowledge of, but how we create knowledge: “Once the importance of tacit knowledge is realized, then one begins to think about innovation in a whole new way”.43 They explain that in business, knowledge is not just about putting together diverse bits of data and information. keywords: awareness; clues; company; gestalt; knowing; knowledge; michael; perception; polanyi; subsidiary; tacit; way cache: prajnavihara-1042.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1042.txt item: #22 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1043 author: Igbafen, Monday Lewis title: An Insight Into Unamuno’s Existentialism and the Tragedy of Human Existence date: 2015-06-25 words: 8716 flesch: 56 summary: According to him, it is through war that the conqueror and conquered learn to know each other and in consequence to love each other56 Unamuno employs this same element of war to describe and inter- pret human existence. Unamuno’s views on the contingent nature of man and his existence __ keywords: existence; god; human; immortality; life; man; philosophers; philosophy; reason; sense; thought; unamuno cache: prajnavihara-1043.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1043.txt item: #23 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1044 author: Irele, Dipo title: Alienation and the Problem of Loyalty in Africa date: 2015-06-25 words: 6265 flesch: 58 summary: In this way of con- ceptualizing citizenship rights, these rights are not only bestowed on indi- viduals as found in the liberal perspective but on ethnic groups as well in the state. These rights which would be conferred on ethnic groups would be a recognition of the diversity or the plural nature of the state, and will lead to an inclusive politics. keywords: africa; citizenship; ethnic; groups; loyalty; nation; press; rawls; rights; state; university cache: prajnavihara-1044.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1044.txt item: #24 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1045 author: Haryatmoko, J. title: Critical Reason and Faith: The Contribution of Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics date: 2015-06-25 words: 6377 flesch: 52 summary: Some religious doctrines inculcate in the mind of their followers not to be in communica- tion with the followers of other religions. A problem arises because concrete religion tends to mark the law of separation which founds the relation between God and man. keywords: discourse; faith; god; hermeneutics; human; life; new; reason; relation; religion; text; world cache: prajnavihara-1045.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1045.txt item: #25 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1046 author: Sriwarakuel, Warayuth title: The Hartshornian Way: On Solving the Problem of Dualism date: 2015-06-25 words: 3983 flesch: 65 summary: Logic is not just a matter of form separate from content, which is how Aristotelian logic is inter- preted. An answer may be that it is based on a polar foundation because it has been influenced by Aristotelian logic. II. keywords: coffee; law; logic; middle; tea; way; world cache: prajnavihara-1046.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1046.txt item: #26 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1047 author: Mujiharto, Samsul Ma’arif title: On Islam and Evolutionary Theory date: 2015-06-25 words: 5078 flesch: 56 summary: He places 12 Prajna Vihara~ rationality and religious commitment in two separate domains as he main- tains that evolution theory is independent from the account of creation in Islamic narratives. Even though being in agreement on the importance of religious commitment, IMB 3 believes that religious commitment has an additional value for scientific rationality. keywords: commitment; creation; evolution; god; imb; islam; muslim; rationality; religion; science; theory cache: prajnavihara-1047.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1047.txt item: #27 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1048 author: Nualnirun, Jariya title: Architecture as a Sign of Objective Reality: Temporalizing Space in Husserl’s Lectures on Time date: 2015-06-25 words: 6305 flesch: 55 summary: Even as Husserl’s work has been frequently challenged, his approach to time consciousness is still valuable in approaching the question of how objective reality be constituted through a piece of architecture. But, he could not entirely capitulate to the standpoint of Franz Brentano (1838-1917) who described lived experience as if it is some- thing enduring, remaining present in a definite space and time in conscious- ness. keywords: consciousness; experience; husserl; object; objective; reality; space; temporalizing; thing; time cache: prajnavihara-1048.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1048.txt item: #28 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1049 author: E. O’Reilly, Kevin title: The Apology: An Introduction to the Dynamics of the Moral Life date: 2015-06-25 words: 6789 flesch: 58 summary: We can assert of Socrates what Eric Voegelin states concerning Plato, Socrates mouthpiece: he “was engaged concretely in an explora- tion of the human soul, and the true order of the soul turned out to be dependent on philosophy in the strict sense of the love of the divine sophon”.17 Further on Voegelin, when adumbrating the significance of this experience, posits that “The true order of the soul can become the standard for measuring both human types and types of social order be- cause it represents the truth about human existence on the border of tran- scendence”. 23a-b. 15See, however, Gerald M. Mara, Socrates Discursive Democracy: Logos and Ergon in Platonic Political Philosophy (NY: SUNY, 1997), p.47: “Chaerephon must have been motivated to ask the oracle about Socrates by what he had seen in Socrates’ “pre-Delphic” conduct … According to this view, then, Socrates’ con- frontations with the politicians, the poets, and the handworkers stem less from a dramatic metamorphosis than from a continuing identity”. keywords: apology; divine; experience; fact; good; human; life; people; philosophy; socrates cache: prajnavihara-1049.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1049.txt item: #29 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1050 author: Dobson, Kenneth; Saniotis, Arthur title: Creation of a Creation Myth: Steps Towards a Promethean Age date: 2015-06-25 words: 5382 flesch: 62 summary: Abram also believes that present human language is partly re- sponsible for human exploitation of nature. Beyond any formal spoken or written human language are the languages of the multitude of beings, each of which has its own language given to it generally, in the world of the living, by genetic coding. keywords: berry; creation; earth; empire; human; life; myth; nature; new; roman; species; time; world cache: prajnavihara-1050.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1050.txt item: #30 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1051 author: Singsuriya, Pagorn; Aungsumalin, Wipada title: Disability from Philosophical Perspective date: 2015-06-25 words: 6709 flesch: 62 summary: The social model can free disabled people from various, espe- cially emotional, impacts from the medical model, within which the goal is to change them to be like normal people. Thus, impaired people should not be sub- ject to rehabilitating processes so that they show as much as possible appearances and abilities akin to those of normal people. keywords: body; chan; disability; foucault; framework; impairments; model; people; power; self; society cache: prajnavihara-1051.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1051.txt item: #31 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1052 author: C. Urbano, Ryan C. Urbano title: Ethics as Optics of the Divine date: 2015-06-25 words: 19381 flesch: 51 summary: Levinas puts it succinctly in the following words: “The impossibility of escaping God lies in the depths of myself as a self, as an absolute passivity.249 Endnotes 1The title of this article is a phrase borrowed from Emmanuel Levinas. 6Colin Davis, Levinas: An Introduction (Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1996), 2. See also Emmanuel Levinas and Richard Kearney, 128 Prajna Vihara~ “Dialogue with Emmanuel Levinas”, in Richard A. Cohen, editor, Face to Face with Levinas (Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1986), 27. 7Levinas, Totality and Infinity, 26. keywords: ego; emmanuel levinas; enjoyment; ethical; ethics; existence; face; god; infinity; language; levinas; life; philosophy; relation; responsibility; said; saying; self; sensibility; subject; subjectivity; totality; world cache: prajnavihara-1052.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1052.txt item: #32 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1053 author: I. Fernando, Joseph title: Trans-Formative Education for the Future of Humanity date: 2015-06-25 words: 6029 flesch: 66 summary: Without reference to a beyond, human life would lack meaning and significance. Trans-formative education is embedded in critical thinking. keywords: challenges; education; human; information; life; need; poverty; power; thinking; today; world cache: prajnavihara-1053.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1053.txt item: #33 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1054 author: Euron, Paolo title: Art and Knowledge in Romantic Philosophy date: 2015-06-25 words: 3174 flesch: 68 summary: The artist imi- tates nature not imitating its creations (objects or natural things), but imi- tating nature as a creative principle. Everything was made, everything has a purpose and it is connected with other things, that is to say, it is in relation with other things. keywords: absolute; art; nature; reality; work cache: prajnavihara-1054.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1054.txt item: #34 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1055 author: S. Suazo, Ruby title: Paul Ricoeur’s Reflexive Philosophy: Tying the Filipino Self to the Family date: 2015-06-25 words: 7071 flesch: 54 summary: Ileto, Pasyon and Revolu- tion, 111 & 117. Ruby S. Suazo 179 49Jose V. Abueva, “Some Indicators and Explanations of the Weakness of Filipino Nationalism” in Filipino Nationalism: Various Meanings, Constant and Changing Goals, Continuing Relevance, ed. It applies Ricoeur’s approach to the prob- lem of subjectivity to the clarification of the Filipino identity. keywords: city; family; filipino; hermeneutics; manila; national; philippines; philosophy; press; ricoeur; self; society; university; values cache: prajnavihara-1055.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1055.txt item: #35 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1083 author: Fernando, Joseph I. title: Marx and Technology date: 2015-09-14 words: 6373 flesch: 57 summary: This imposes on the workers increased expenditure of labour in a given time, heightens tension of labour power and condensation of labour to a degree that is attainable within the limits of the shortened working day. The first effect of shortening the working day is due to the law that the efficiency of labour power is inversely proportionate to the duration of its expenditure. keywords: capital; day; labour; labour power; machinery; marx; power; worker; working cache: prajnavihara-1083.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1083.txt item: #36 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1084 author: Bauwens, Michel title: Peer to Peer: From Technology to Politics to a New Civilisation? date: 2015-09-14 words: 12843 flesch: 51 summary: The new forms of peer to peer based work will of course have to accommodate the many different wishes and needs of various sectors of workers, and honor their differences. It shows the tension between what are perhaps valuable psycho-technologies, which can bring new forms of human awareness, but also how they are embedded in hierarchical, even feudal, forms of organisation: “Tricycle: How did misogyny help male monastic practice? keywords: bauwens; course; des; economy; fact; forms; information; integration; internet; knowledge; les; michel; network; new; organisation; p2p; peer; power; prajñâ; production; qui; social; society; software; system; technology; une; vihâra; work; world cache: prajnavihara-1084.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1084.txt item: #37 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1085 author: Beck, Heinrich title: The Relation of European Thought to the 'Logos' and 'Logic' : A Possible Contribution to Cultural World Integration? date: 2015-09-14 words: 5322 flesch: 46 summary: K. Deichgräber, Rhythmische Elemente im Logos des Heraklit, Wiesbaden 1963; E. Kurtz, Interpretationen zu den Logos-Fragmenten Heraklits, Hildesheim 1971; W H. Pleger, Der Logos der Dinge. It implies a mystery of Christian belief, that in the history of his fatherly partnership with the world, God has sent his Son as an incarnated brotherly being with the humankind, and that He was crucified; hence the cross is understood as a sign for the disturbed order of Being and for the suffering, as a consequence of the denial against creative divine Logos and Love, and simultaneously as a permanent offer to reconciliation and freedom. keywords: beck; culture; der; des; die; european; freedom; history; human; logos; means; new; order; reality; sense; und; world cache: prajnavihara-1085.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1085.txt item: #38 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1086 author: Conni, Carlo title: HUSSERLIAN PREGNANT WHOLES AS AN ONTOLOGICAL CRITERION FOR INDIVIDUALS AND OBJECTS* date: 2015-09-14 words: 9895 flesch: 52 summary: Although we can discern individual parts in any system, these parts are not isolated and the nature of the whole is always different from the mere sum of its parts […] System sciences show that living systems cannot be understood by analysis. The narrow wholes that Husserl mentions are clearly material artifacts, pure extensive contents unified by real forms of connections, while pregnant wholes can only be living beings or, still hypothetically - functional forms or perhaps, complex digital systems, where the existence of any software part depends on the existence of other parts. keywords: dependence; existence; foundation; identity; individual; parts; properties; table; time; way; wholes cache: prajnavihara-1086.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1086.txt item: #39 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1087 author: Hermida, Ranilo B. title: SIMONE WEIL: A SENSE OF GOD date: 2015-09-14 words: 6096 flesch: 68 summary: Indeed, Weil, considers all human concerns always “situated in the context of our relation to God.”1 She excludes nothing for she believes that even those practices not readily recognized as religious contribute to our spiritual development and prepare us for loving God.2 It may strike as baffling therefore that Weil, who is likened to some of the greatest of the early Fathers of the Church,3 makes this confession in her spiritual biography: I may say that never at any moment in my life have I ‘sought for God.’ keywords: affliction; god; love; man; self; sense; simone; weil; world cache: prajnavihara-1087.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1087.txt item: #40 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1088 author: Cais, Francis title: THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE date: 2015-09-14 words: 11398 flesch: 63 summary: From the fact that Jesus and the Samaritan woman, though they use the same words, have in mind two very different levels of meaning and, separated thus by the ambiguity of human speech, are speaking at cross-purposes, there is manifested the lasting incommensurability of faith and human experience however extensive that experience may be. Secular human experience thus prompts us to turn to religion for insight and illumination and for final redemption. keywords: christian; experience; faith; god; human; jesus; knowledge; life; love; person; question; theology; woman; world cache: prajnavihara-1088.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1088.txt item: #41 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1089 author: Valone, Thomas title: MEDITATION TODAY: SCIENCE AND SHORTCUTS date: 2015-09-14 words: 7002 flesch: 58 summary: When I was a teenager learning about meditation practices through Indra Devi’s book Yoga for Americans (Prentice-Hall), I saw a martial arts expert drill a hole into a solid brick with his finger. Dr. Khalsa presents the following medical benefits from meditation in his book, Brain Longevity: Thomas Valone 151 152 SOME SUGGESTIONS In the beginning of meditation practice, the most important task you can accomplish, which may take all of your will power and determination, is to sit still, in silence, for at least 10 minutes each day. keywords: body; brain; consciousness; experience; meditation; mind; practice; prayer; self; state; thomas; time; valone; yoga cache: prajnavihara-1089.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1089.txt item: #42 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1090 author: Horstmann, Alexander; Scupin, Raymond title: BOOK REVIEW : CLASS, CULTURE AND SPACE: THE CONSTRUCTION AND SHAPING OF COMMUNAL SPACE IN SOUTH THAILAND date: 2015-09-14 words: 1443 flesch: 39 summary: The first book in English that has emerged from this newly flour- ishing scholarship in Southern Thailand is an illuminating ethnography by the German scholar Alexander Horstmann who demonstrates that eth- nic and religious identity in southern Thailand is primordial/circumstan- tial, national/transnational, and is local, parochial, and territorialized as well as nonlocal, cosmopolitan, and deterritorialized in various social, political, and cultural contexts in what he designates as communal space. Raymond Scupin Lindenwood University, U.S.A. Compared with other regions of Thailand, South Thailand has been a somewhat neglected center of research for many decades. keywords: horstmann; middle; region; thailand cache: prajnavihara-1090.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1090.txt item: #43 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1091 author: Yeping, Hu title: GEORGE FRANCIS MCLEAN: A PHILOSOPHER IN THE SERVICE OF HUMANITY date: 2015-09-14 words: 6041 flesch: 51 summary: McLean’s contributions to philosophy at the international level increased when, in 1974, Professor H.D. Lewis of King’s College (London) and President of the International Society for Metaphysics (ISM), appointed McLean Secretary of that organization. Over the years, McLean has been a scholar and a teacher, but most importantly he has worked to democratize philosophy – promoting the research of philosophers coming from many different cultural traditions, and publishing the academic work of teams of scholars from countries and regions around the globe. keywords: countries; culture; life; mclean; philosophers; philosophical; philosophy; professor; university; values; work; world cache: prajnavihara-1091.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1091.txt item: #44 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1092 author: Sweet, William title: THE USE OF HISTORY date: 2015-09-14 words: 8272 flesch: 54 summary: If history has no use, then what can be said about the nature and value of the human person? History is not just an academic interest; it is important to life – and it is particularly significant at a time when the conventions and norms of religion and science no longer hold firm. In a 1952 essay, “Some Neglected Philosophic Problems Regarding History,” Maurice Mandelbaum William Sweet 25 presented what was becoming clear to many who engaged in, or thought about, history, and that was that how one ‘did’ history was rooted in an issue in the philosophy of history – that there was a distinction between “formal” and “material” approaches to the field. keywords: collingwood; events; historicism; history; knowledge; new; objectivity; past; philosophy; press; sweet; understanding; university; william cache: prajnavihara-1092.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1092.txt item: #45 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1093 author: Bauwens, Michel title: THREE CHALLENGES FOR GLOBAL RELIGION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: PEER TO PEER, INTEGRALISM, TRANSHUMANISM* date: 2015-09-14 words: 12883 flesch: 36 summary: But more likely, we will see the continuing emergence of peer to peer based spiritual groups, unaffiliated with any tradition. Based on an amazing amount of reading into all the world’s major traditions, and their sacred texts and reports on meditative/contemplative practices and achievements, he posited that all the major religions shared a very similar story of post-Ego development, with psychic, subtle, causal, and nondual stages or modes of spiritual consciousness. keywords: bauwens; conception; consciousness; development; evolution; form; human; individual; michel; mode; peer; prajñâ; production; religion; system; time; vihâra; wilber; world cache: prajnavihara-1093.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1093.txt item: #46 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1094 author: Doan, Tran Van title: HUMAN DIGNITY RECONSIDERED date: 2015-09-14 words: 10766 flesch: 57 summary: Our argument is based on the insight that any understanding of human dignity is primarily implicit in our understanding of human nature which is constituted and reconstituted in-and-from our life-worlds. Thus, a reduction of human rights abuse demands first a minimizing misunderstanding of human nature, and then an increasing of respect for human dignity. keywords: analects; chinese; christian; concept; confucian; confucius; dignity; existence; god; human; life; means; nature; rights; understanding; values; view; world cache: prajnavihara-1094.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1094.txt item: #47 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1095 author: Freeland, Charles title: PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE IN BOOK ONE OF PLATO’S REPUBLIC date: 2015-09-14 words: 9023 flesch: 60 summary: He recognizes already that the wisdom seeker will be at odds with conventional society and common opinion and that there will be dangers, Charles Freeland 109 especially when the philosopher seeks to educate others and lead them out of the cave of human political life and onto the true paths of the just life. How one has lived, what one was in the course of human life can be altered or arranged through the proper ministry of ritual. keywords: culture; greek; human; individual; justice; knowledge; life; philosophy; plato; socrates; soul; truth cache: prajnavihara-1095.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1095.txt item: #48 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1096 author: Sriwarakuel, Warayuth title: RATIONALITY AND UNDERSTANDING OTHERS date: 2015-09-14 words: 5322 flesch: 59 summary: Human sciences, on the other hand, try to understand human actions in their inquiry. It may be asked, “What are human actions?” keywords: actions; human; laws; people; rationality; sciences; understanding cache: prajnavihara-1096.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1096.txt item: #49 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1097 author: Satha-Anand, Suwanna title: SELF AND THE WEST IN THAI PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE* date: 2015-09-14 words: 6266 flesch: 58 summary: However, if one looks at the overall picture, one will see that a clear majority of Thai theses, when juxtaposing the East and the West, they oftentimes reflect an opposing tension, a radical difference or sometimes a sense of superiority on part of the East. Third, when there is a direct juxtaposition of Thai self with the West, Buddhism is again needed. keywords: author; b.e; buddhism; philosophy; school; self; thai; theses; university; west cache: prajnavihara-1097.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1097.txt item: #50 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1098 author: Suwanbubbha, Parichart title: INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE: OLD LIQUOR IN STANDARD NEW BOTTLES date: 2015-09-14 words: 4211 flesch: 45 summary: This second form of religious dialogue is termed “intrareligious dialogue.” Many of the world’s religions, that is, have an extended experience with interreligious dialogue, although they may not have developed the principles and the rationale for dialogue to the degree that those principles and that rationale are now understood. keywords: beliefs; dialogue; faith; people; religions cache: prajnavihara-1098.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1098.txt item: #51 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1099 author: Knitter, Paul F. title: CHRISTIAN ATTITUDES TOWARD OTHER RELIGIONS: THE CHALLENGE OF COMMITMENT AND OPENNESS date: 2015-09-14 words: 4894 flesch: 55 summary: The complexity has to do with the requirement of all dialogue: to be both truly committed to one’s own religion and at the same time truly open to other religions. The author then outlines the four models in Christian theology for understanding other religions and shows how all of them, in one way or another, do not sufficiently foster both commitment and openness. keywords: christians; dialogue; god; jesus; model; openness; religions cache: prajnavihara-1099.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1099.txt item: #52 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1100 author: Voicu, Ioan title: SOLIDARITY AND THE DIALOGUE AMONG CIVILIZATIONS date: 2015-09-14 words: 9898 flesch: 45 summary: The speaker reminded first of all that due to the differences in historical background, geographical conditions and cultural traditions, human civilizations have demonstrated much diversity and dissimilarity through their development. It has nothing in common with human civilization. keywords: civilizations; culture; dialogue; diversity; general; international; islamic; july; nations; peace; people; respect; solidarity; understanding; values; world cache: prajnavihara-1100.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1100.txt item: #53 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1101 author: Yeping, Hu title: AUGUSTINE AND DESCARTES ON THE DIVINE LIGHT: A COMPARISON TO PLATO date: 2015-09-14 words: 8257 flesch: 69 summary: In some contrast, when Descartes meditates upon his self he too locates it in the divine light, but he does not stay there. 122-dialogue on differing asian AUGUSTINE AND DESCARTES ON THE DIVINE LIGHT: A COMPARISON TO PLATO Hu Yeping The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. Augustine and Descartes are two great figures in the history of Western philosophy, each having made his own major contribution in the field. keywords: augustine; confessions; descartes; god; light; mind; plato; soul; things; truth cache: prajnavihara-1101.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1101.txt item: #54 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1102 author: Garrett, Brian title: SOME COMMENTS ON A MODAL ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT date: 2015-09-14 words: 1263 flesch: 59 summary: These are arguments of the same form as ontological arguments, yet with obviously absurd conclusions. Hence there is an asymmetry which favours our premise: it’s not true that that we have just as much reason to believe (1-*) as to believe (1).5 24 Prajñâ Vihâra IV (c) Ever since Gaunilo objected to Anselm, ontological arguments have been subjected to parody ripostes. keywords: argument; exists cache: prajnavihara-1102.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1102.txt item: #55 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1103 author: Conni, Carlo title: CAN LIFE BE A CRITERION OF PERSISTENCE THROUGH TIME? A DISCUSSION OF SOME ONTOLOGICAL THESIS BY PETER VAN INWAGEN date: 2015-09-14 words: 9241 flesch: 61 summary: Peter van Inwagen between Analytics and Continentals In his general analysis concerning analytic contemporary ontology, van Inwagen has distinguished two attitudes or two kinds of ontologists called respectively: A-ontologists and B-ontologists. According to van Inwagen, any answer concerning contact, fusion, contiguity between material parts does not offer the right solution to the Special Composition Question. keywords: beings; identity; life; material; organism; parts; question; time; van inwagen cache: prajnavihara-1103.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1103.txt item: #56 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1104 author: Khine, Me Me title: NARRATIVE CRITICISM AND A STUDY OF SETTING IN THE TEMIYA JATAKA date: 2015-09-14 words: 5949 flesch: 64 summary: As such, recounting certain Jâtaka stories in public sermons or even representing them in paintings can serve as commentary on current social and political issues. Stories about the Buddha’s former lives are also a form of entertainment. The political setting for Temiya story starts with a kingdom, which is facing a lack of heir apparent. keywords: criticism; jâtaka; life; meaning; narrative; stories; story; temiya; text; time; world cache: prajnavihara-1104.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1104.txt item: #57 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1105 author: Reyes, Reynaldo A. title: DIALOGUE BEYOND DIVERSITY: A BUBERIAN POSTSCRIPT date: 2015-09-14 words: 8584 flesch: 69 summary: It is only in dialogue man becomes himself and transcends himself. This paper suggests that global dialogue; dialogue among diverse civilizations is a mode of interhuman relations__hence genuine dialogue is possible amidst diversity and adversity. keywords: buber; civilizations; dialogue; existence; god; interhuman; man; relation; subject; thou; time; words cache: prajnavihara-1105.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1105.txt item: #58 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1106 author: Fay, Terence J. title: DIALOGUE ON DIFFERING ASIAN SPIRITUALITIES: FILIPINOS AND THAIS date: 2015-09-14 words: 5232 flesch: 55 summary: Gawad Kalinga 777 is designed to rehabilitate the husband’s dignity and to renew the family by his presence.12 Professor John Schumacher recognizes that the Filipino family, as other Asian families, is ambiguous and has both strengths and weaknesses. The respondents shared a traditional vision of family values which included solidarity with and care for the elders. keywords: asian; couples; family; filipinos; interview; manila; people; philippines; social; spirituality; university; work cache: prajnavihara-1106.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1106.txt item: #59 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1107 author: P. Co, Alfredo title: CHINESE THOUGHT AND THE BIRTH OF POSTMODERN CULTURE: THE WESTERN MAN’S EARLY ENCOUNTER WITH CHINA date: 2015-09-14 words: 3078 flesch: 60 summary: This paper wishes to chart the very earliest Western encounters with the thought of China. Discovering the Culture of China China was a far-away land to the West, unknown and mysterious. keywords: china; chinese; civilization; culture; man; ricci; world cache: prajnavihara-1107.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1107.txt item: #60 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1108 author: Bonazzi, Andrea title: MATTEO RICCI AND GLOBAL CIVILIZATION date: 2015-09-14 words: 8127 flesch: 50 summary: Moreover, the analysis of the work of evangelization completed in China by Father Ricci gives new light also to the history of Catholic Missions in the modern age. The Pope describes Father Ricci as “a precious connecting link between West and East, between European Renaissance culture and Chinese culture, and between the ancient and magnificent Chinese civilization and the world of Europe.” 26 Prajñâ Vihâra As I shall very briefly report here, Ricci’s role was not limited to his own lifetime; rather, his ideas have been at the center of every subsequent effort to build a true alliance between the people of Europe and those of Asia, based on the principle of reason. keywords: china; chinese; culture; dialogue; faith; father; letters; life; men; method; order; reason; ricci; way cache: prajnavihara-1108.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1108.txt item: #61 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1109 author: Huang, Cristal title: CULTURAL CORNERS AND ASIAN CONTEXTS date: 2015-09-14 words: 1607 flesch: 65 summary: The focus of this paper is to analyze whether it is possible to use cultural corners to understand the scope of globalization in Asian societies. From the glocal perspective, we Cristal Huang 35 move through cultural corners. keywords: asia; corner; global cache: prajnavihara-1109.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1109.txt item: #62 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1110 author: Chang, Wook title: PROS AND CONS OF GLOBALIZATION FROM ASIAN PERSPECTIVE date: 2015-09-14 words: 4476 flesch: 44 summary: Generally speaking, the superpower, the U.S.A., and other military powers, in their self-deceiving but unfounded self-righteousness, wield their military might as means of domination and exploitation in political, economic spheres and even in cultural sphere as well.7 Conclusion: Globalization from Asian Perspective As concluding remarks, I would like to give my opinions on the two problems: what we, as Asians, should accept, and not accept in globalization, and what we should preserve within our own cultures. Basing on the discussion above, I think that the desirable globalization is pluralistic globalization in the form of multiculturalism This 42 Prajñâ Vihâra type of globalization would bear the following characteristics. keywords: culture; globalization; life; nations; process; values; world cache: prajnavihara-1110.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1110.txt item: #63 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1111 author: Miroy, Jovino G. title: IS FILIPINO THOUGHT MEDIEVAL? PRELIMINARY WORK IN WRITING THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE PHILIPPINES date: 2015-09-14 words: 8188 flesch: 58 summary: It bears a self- understanding independent of what other philosophies in other times and cultures have done.9 The first major part of this preliminary work discusses the meaning of medieval philosophy, modern philosophy, and philosophy itself. Steel’s contention is significant because it questions the reduction of medieval philosophy to the Gilsonian idea of “Christian philosophy.” keywords: art; culture; dupré; filipino; history; manila; medieval; modernity; philippines; philosophy; question; saguil; self; spanish; synod; texts; thought cache: prajnavihara-1111.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1111.txt item: #64 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1112 author: Gripaldo, Rolando M. title: TOURISM AND HERITAGE IN A GLOBAL SOCIETY: THE PHILIPPINE EXPERIENCE (SOME PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS) date: 2015-09-14 words: 5118 flesch: 58 summary: Promotion of tourist places and sites must include an advisory to relatively unsafe places so that foreign tourists will inhibit themselves from going there. 12 Deputy Director General Reynaldo Velasco (2004) of the Philippine National Police and also the concurrent executive director of the Philippine Center of Transnational Crimes said the center was alerted by “its foreign counterparts such as the Interpol on the plans by the terrorists” and is now tightening security on “tourist spots” as possible terrorist “soft targets.” 13 Here is a quote from William Hyde (2004), the deputy representative of the International Organization for Migration, regarding Filipino migration: 86 Prajñâ Vihâra …the Filipino migratory process is so extraordinary compared to other countries that foreign authorities regularly travel here to learn more about how it all works. keywords: 2004; countries; country; filipino; heritage; july; national; philippines; places; tourism; tourists; world cache: prajnavihara-1112.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1112.txt item: #65 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1114 author: Ibana, Rainier A. title: ANGELO DE LA CRUZ AND THE POLITICS OF VICTIMS date: 2015-09-14 words: 3507 flesch: 53 summary: The events celebrated traditional Filipino values such as our zest for life, personalism, intimate family life, and religiosity. The Americans did find Saddam holed inside a pit; but they had to sacrifice many American lives and there are many more militant Iraqis who continue to assert their sovereignty by means of assassinations and other guerilla tactics against US soldiers. keywords: cruz; dela; iraq; life; lives; politics; values; withdrawal cache: prajnavihara-1114.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1114.txt item: #66 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1115 author: Foltz, Richard; Denny, Frederick M.; Bahruddin, Azizan title: BOOK REVIEW ISLAM AND ECOLOGY: A BESTOWED TRUST date: 2015-09-14 words: 1363 flesch: 45 summary: To close this impressive study of Islamic ecology the editors have selected Farzaneh Milani’s excursus into the Ecofeminism of the contemporary poetess Forugh Farrokhzad (1935-1967). A nature conservationist who pairs a rich experience in implementing environmental protection programs with sound knowledge of Islamic law, his essay is probably the most practical exercise in searching for Islamic solutions to acute global problems. keywords: book; ecology; essays; islamic; nature cache: prajnavihara-1115.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1115.txt item: #67 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1116 author: Sweet, William title: FREEDOM OF RELIGION AND RELIGIOUS HERITAGE date: 2015-09-15 words: 8798 flesch: 45 summary: Religious freedom was one of the motives for emigration to the 'new world', and calls for it today are part of the democratic reforms taking place in much of the 'old world'. Cases Cases where we find a tension or apparent conflict between religious heritage or religious freedom and other values are all too common. keywords: belief; expression; freedom; heritage; law; public; religion; respect; rights; secularism; state; values cache: prajnavihara-1116.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1116.txt item: #68 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1117 author: Doan, Tran Van title: THE IDEALS, PLURALISTIC CULTURE AND SOCIAL PROGRESS date: 2015-09-15 words: 7359 flesch: 61 summary: This part goes a step further to identify human noble goals with human values, and to show that traditional values were constructed so to attain human noble goals. contents THE IDEALS, PLURALISTIC CULTURE AND SOCIAL PROGRESS Tran Van Doan National Taiwan University, Taiwan Abstract This paper will contend that social progress should always be determined by noble goals and ideals (truth, goodness, beauty, holiness). keywords: forward; future; goal; history; ideals; life; means; progress; step; truth; values cache: prajnavihara-1117.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1117.txt item: #69 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1118 author: Dy, Manuel B. title: PHILOSOPHY AS MEDIATION BETWEEN RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS, INSIGHTS FROM JÜRGEN HABERMAS date: 2015-09-15 words: 3579 flesch: 46 summary: contents Prajñâ Vihâra, Volume 6, Number 2, July-December 2005, 43-53 43 © 2000 by Assumption University Press PHILOSOPHY AS MEDIATION BETWEEN RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS, INSIGHTS FROM JÜRGEN HABERMAS Manuel B. Dy, Jr. Ateneo de Manila University, the Philippines Abstract The task of this paper is to show how philosophy can mediate in the conflict of religious traditions, using the insights of Jürgen Habermas in his acceptance speech on the occasion of the award of the Karl Jaspers Prize of the Town and University of Heidelberg on 26 September 1994, “The Conflict of Beliefs, Karl Jaspers on the Clash of Cultures.” Consequently, there is a new resurgence of religious traditions, reasserting themselves in groups, “polarizing peoples, creating enemy images, and using religious identity as one of the powerful forces to mobilize faith communities against each other. keywords: faith; habermas; ibid; jaspers; philosophy; traditions cache: prajnavihara-1118.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1118.txt item: #70 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1119 author: Sugiharto, Bambang title: HERITAGE AND THE PARADOX OF CULTURE date: 2015-09-15 words: 2575 flesch: 47 summary: Culture Given the inevitability of cultural interaction today and the fact that so many elements of our culture do change substantively, it would be more relevant to see culture as a process, instead of a system or a formal pattern. Great civilization is always Bambang Sugiharto 57 a rich synthesis of various cultures, an ongoing growth through the elaboration of otherness. keywords: culture; new; press; process; self; tradition cache: prajnavihara-1119.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1119.txt item: #71 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1120 author: Choe, Hyondok title: CULTURAL HERITAGE AND THE PROBLEM OF IDENTITY IN THE WORLD ON GLOBALIZATION PROCESS date: 2015-09-15 words: 4159 flesch: 49 summary: Is there no alternative to its main tendency of expanding the Super Culture while it subdues and marginalizes other smaller cultures? Wouldn’t it be conceivable to innovate the cultural heritage of Asia so that it can initiate a cultural change in the process of globalization for pluralization of human cultures in the world? The diverse ways of practicing philosophy from various cultures of our multicultural world will participate in this process through translation. keywords: culture; european; globalization; people; philosophy; process; tradition; western; world cache: prajnavihara-1120.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1120.txt item: #72 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1121 author: Eunjoong, Kim title: THE PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEM OF DEMOCRACY IN EAST ASIA date: 2015-09-15 words: 6129 flesch: 59 summary: In the issue of March and April 1994 of Foreign Affairs, Lee Kuan Yew insisted, “Western democracy and human rights can’t be applied to East Asia whose culture is different from that of the West because culture is fate. Can western democracy be realized in Asia? keywords: asia; democracy; east; greek; logic; polis; public; system; thought cache: prajnavihara-1121.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1121.txt item: #73 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1122 author: Fernando, Joseph I. title: ASIAN HERITAGE AND THE FUTURE OF CHRISTIANITY date: 2015-09-15 words: 3983 flesch: 59 summary: What would be the distinct contribution of Christianity, if any, to Asia? Asian Heritage It is an interesting fact that all the major religions of the world originated in Asia – Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism in India, Confucianism and Taoism in China, Zoroastrianism in Persia, Judaism, Christianity and Islam in West Asia and Shintoism in Japan. What is there in Christianity which is not there in Hinduism?8 Does Christianity have anything unique to give to the people of India who, according to the European historian A.L. Basham “reached a higher level of kindliness and gentleness in their mutual relationships than 94 Prajñâ Vihâra any other nation of antiquity?”9 The Catholic Church officially acknowledges the following about Hinduism, “Thus, in Hinduism men explore the divine mystery and express it both in the limitless riches of myth and the accurately defined insights of philosophy. keywords: asia; christianity; church; civilization; god; india; jesus; religion; world cache: prajnavihara-1122.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1122.txt item: #74 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1123 author: Hee Lee, Kyung title: INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY: TOWARD A NEW ‘BRAVE NEW WORLD’ date: 2015-09-15 words: 4943 flesch: 53 summary: Thus I would like to investigate the original meaning of individualism in Western modern thought and then find out how to harmonize Western ideas with Eastern ideas. Thus I would like to investigate the original meaning of individualism in Western modern thought and then find out how to harmonize Western ideas with Eastern ideas. keywords: communitarian; community; descartes; freedom; ideas; individual; korean; subjectivity; thought cache: prajnavihara-1123.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1123.txt item: #75 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1124 author: Pangfei Lai, Francis title: CONFLICTING VALUES: A TRIBUTE TO MAX WEBER date: 2015-09-15 words: 5986 flesch: 51 summary: There ought to be a dedicated public awareness program to bring home the message that we should be acting socially to bridge the gap of conflicting values – both social values and commercial values. Social Actions Before we enter into discussions on the topic of conflicting values, it is relevant to look into Weber’s concept of social actions. keywords: actions; bureaucracy; community; good; organization; people; property; society; values; weber cache: prajnavihara-1124.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1124.txt item: #76 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1125 author: Nhukate, Preeyanuch title: CULTURAL SNAPSHOTS date: 2015-09-15 words: 413 flesch: 56 summary: The hand could be anybody’s hand, but the artist chose a man’s hand because it is unusual for a man to hold a cooking ladle, at least in traditional Asian culture, so it creates a feeling of conflict. Their elegance also expresses the paradox more clearly between traditional culture and destructive consumption. keywords: university cache: prajnavihara-1125.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1125.txt item: #77 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1126 author: Lukens-Bull, Ronald title: BOOK REVIEW date: 2015-09-15 words: 625 flesch: 32 summary: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005 Reviewed by Raymond Scupin Lindenwood University Ronald Lukens-Bull’s book A Peaceful Jihad is one of the most recent ethnographic attempts to understand Indonesian Islam. In this work, Lukens-Bull recognizes the early pioneering understandings of Indonesian Islam by Geertz as too limited in representing Islam as a thin lacquer spread over the Hindu-Buddhist cultural fundamentals. keywords: islam; lukens cache: prajnavihara-1126.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1126.txt item: #78 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1127 author: Eui-Chai,, Tjeng title: A Comparative Study on the Ethics of John Dewey and Thomas Aquinas date: 2015-09-15 words: 5990 flesch: 59 summary: Here I wish to investigate his theory of moral good by focusing on his later works, Reconstruction in Philosophy (1920), Human Nature and Conduct (1922) and Ethics (1932), and attempt to summarize his theory of the good. 1) Dewey, in the Reconstruction in Philosophy1, explains briefly his reconstruction in moral conceptions (moral reconstructionism). In other words, we need a solid standard to define moral good and evil. keywords: action; dewey; evil; good; happiness; human; individual; moral; situation cache: prajnavihara-1127.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1127.txt item: #79 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1128 author: K. Becker, Gerhold title: Reason, Faith, and Secularization: Jürgen Habermas Meets Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger date: 2015-09-15 words: 9204 flesch: 45 summary: At issue was the authority, scope, and possible limit of secular reason as it originated in ancient Greek philosophy and established itself as the dominant force of modernity in the West during the Enlightenment period. Thus the triumph of science and technology was the triumph of secular reason. keywords: cardinal; church; debate; faith; god; habermas; jürgen; life; modernity; new; philosophy; ratzinger; reason; religion; state; world cache: prajnavihara-1128.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1128.txt item: #80 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1129 author: Setthamalinee, Suchart title: THE CONSTRUCTION OF COLLECTIVE IDENTITY OF MUSLIMS IN AMERICA AFTER SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 date: 2015-09-15 words: 5665 flesch: 55 summary: Yet, none of them focuses on the collective identity of American Muslims. The website of these organizations and the Friday sermons are now becoming the public sphere of Muslim communities and play an important role in framing American Muslims’ identities post-September 11th. keywords: action; america; attacks; collective; discourse; friday; identity; islam; islamic; muslims; organizations; public; september cache: prajnavihara-1129.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1129.txt item: #81 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1130 author: A. Oyeshile, Olatunji title: MORALITY AND SOCIAL ORDER IN CONTEMPORARY AFRICA date: 2015-09-15 words: 4469 flesch: 44 summary: The state and those in leadership position have the task of providing an environment conducive to the application of moral values that will engender social order, and which can serve as the basis for sustainable development in Africa. And since morality strives at human well- being which presupposes the well-being of the moral agent and the others in society, then the proper appreciation of moral values and their application within the context of the larger society will be a valuable avenue for achieving social order. keywords: africa; development; individual; morality; order; self; society; state; values cache: prajnavihara-1130.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1130.txt item: #82 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1131 author: EBIJUWA, T. title: THE COMMON GOOD AND SOCIAL HOPE IN AFRICA date: 2015-09-15 words: 3821 flesch: 59 summary: It is also argued that the pursuit of common good will result in intolerance of other conceptions of the good and the manipulation of the instrument of power to realize the common good. But what exactly do we mean by the notion of common good? Before this, let us quickly see why the demand for common good is pertinent at this point of our historical life in Africa. keywords: africa; good; individual; life; society; state cache: prajnavihara-1131.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1131.txt item: #83 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1132 author: G. Rosario, Jr., Tomas title: FROM APPREHENSION TO PREHENSION: EXPLORING A DIFFERENT EXPERIENCE FOR PHILOSOPHICAL SPECULATION date: 2015-09-15 words: 8654 flesch: 47 summary: But, in providing us a distinction between conscious experience and primitive physical experience in Process and Reality, Whitehead has not explicitated in definite terms what constitutes experience in itself such that consciousness is not essential to it.27 He has practically hidden the meaning of experience by using a term peculiar to physics and described physical experience as similar to a vector feeling. Just as we are familiar with the common notion of conscious experience, or, what phenomenologists call 'intentional experience', there is a …primitive form of physical experience…23 that …does not necessarily involve consciousness.24 keywords: experience; feeling; form; notion; object; prehension; process; reality; subject; whitehead cache: prajnavihara-1132.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1132.txt item: #84 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1133 author: Saniotis, Arthur title: REINVENTING NATURE: THOMAS BERRY'S "NEW STORY" AS UNIVERSAL COMMUNITAS date: 2015-09-15 words: 4635 flesch: 56 summary: According to legend, it was Socrates who said that there is nothing to be learned from trees, and encouraged investigation into human nature. 46 However, for Berry human consciousness is the integument which binds us to the world and to one another,47 constantly striving towards disclosing the universe. keywords: animals; berry; communitas; earth; human; ibid; nature; new; non; story; thomas; universe; world cache: prajnavihara-1133.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1133.txt item: #85 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1134 author: S. Aguas, Jove Jim title: PRESERVING ASIAN CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN THE FACE OF GLOBALIZATION date: 2015-09-15 words: 9024 flesch: 46 summary: Globalization commodifies culture and reduces it to pure economics and business. Cultures grow and change from constantly changing interactions, either with nature or with other cultures. keywords: asian; cultural; culture; globalization; human; ibid; identities; life; people; practices; prajñâ; societies; society; values; vihâra; world cache: prajnavihara-1134.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1134.txt item: #86 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1135 author: Voicu, Ioan title: DIPLOMACY FOR A SAFER WORLD date: 2015-09-15 words: 9151 flesch: 40 summary: The Forum included a special roundtable session entitled Coping with economic effects of regional natural disasters. The 26 December 2004 tsunami impacted some countries with internal or external conflicts, thereby providing an opportunity to explore how the same event affects different countries in different disaster diplomacy contexts. keywords: asia; conference; cooperation; countries; development; diplomacy; disaster; escap; june; multilateral; new; people; recovery; reduction; regional; solidarity; state; tsunami; world cache: prajnavihara-1135.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1135.txt item: #87 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1136 author: Nhukate, Preevanuch title: CULTURAL SNAPSHOTS date: 2015-09-15 words: 531 flesch: 58 summary: Among these crimes, child labour, sexual abuse to children, violence against children and child trafficking are very common. Cultural Snpshots 179 For nearly two decades, the artist has focused his attention on the theme of innocent victims in societies most confronted by the harsh reali- ties of life and world. keywords: children; victims cache: prajnavihara-1136.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1136.txt item: #88 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1137 author: Kersten, Carool title: BOOK REVIEW date: 2015-09-15 words: 2270 flesch: 49 summary: 184 Prajñâ Vihâra Islamic legacy in entirely new ways.1 Captioning her chapter on Nurcholish's thought with the title 'The Ideas of Nurcholish Madjid: Maintain That Which is Old and Good, and Take Over That Which is New and Better', Ann Kull has surveyed the key concepts informing Cak Nur's writings since his two 'Paradigmatic Speeches' (106) of the early 1970s. But on a more personal level - a reflection of his inter- est in Muhammad as a private person - it has also resulted in a deep interest in spiritualism and Sufism, leading Ann Kull to her ultimate conclu- sion that Nurcholish Madjid must be regarded as 'first and foremost a Sufi' (276). keywords: cak; ideas; islamic; kull; madjid; nurcholish; studies cache: prajnavihara-1137.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1137.txt item: #89 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1138 author: Tantivejkul, Sumet title: HIS MAJESTY’S PHILOSOPHY OF SUFFICIENCY ECONOMY: AN ALTERNATIVE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THAILAND date: 2015-09-15 words: 2241 flesch: 52 summary: This system has been applied since 1972, using “Four Pillars of Happiness” — 10 Prajñâ Vihâra sustainable economic development, conservation of the environment, promotion of national culture and good governance. His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej 4 December 1998 A decade ago, Thai people followed and relied on the western world’s model of economy, aiming specifically for growth and wealth, without considering the solid foundation of the country and without understanding if that model would fit our economic and social system. keywords: development; economy; people; sufficiency cache: prajnavihara-1138.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1138.txt item: #90 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1139 author: K. Becker, Gerhold title: MORAL LEADERSHIP: EXPLORING THE FOUNDATIONS OF GOOD GOVERNANCE date: 2015-09-15 words: 7567 flesch: 48 summary: Besides their role within the company, moral business leaders will also recognize their responsibility within the larger business community. In all those activities, moral leaders will tie the strategic interests of their companies, and of their country to standards of common morality. keywords: becker; business; business leaders; companies; company; ethics; good; leadership; power; rights; society; trust; value cache: prajnavihara-1139.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1139.txt item: #91 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1140 author: F. McLean, George title: THE DIALOGUE BETWEEN RELIGIONS AND CULTURES date: 2015-09-15 words: 9982 flesch: 55 summary: The agenda is no longer reality as objectively quantifiable and conflicting, but the more difficult and meaningful one of human life as lived consciously with its issues of human dignity, values and cultural interchange. It is rather what appears significant for human life: it is what has been seen through time and human experience to be deeply true and necessary for human life. keywords: culture; good; human; life; mclean; new; people; philosophy; reality; sense; tradition; ultimate; values; world cache: prajnavihara-1140.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1140.txt item: #92 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1141 author: Moshammer, Gerald title: FORMALITY AND REPRESENTATIONAL RELATIVISM: A CRITICAL PHILOSOPHICAL INVESTIGATION INTO KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AS ONE TRANSFORMATION OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY date: 2015-09-15 words: 9371 flesch: 44 summary: In other words, the so-called interpretation of symbols, by means of a spe- cific function that assigns values, results simply in new logical relations between these symbols. But KR does not just apply logical tools and computer languages; furthermore it colo- nizes the old philosophical branch of Ontology. keywords: example; formal; goodman; knowledge; language; logic; new; philosophical; philosophy; point; press; representation; research; science; terms; theory; university cache: prajnavihara-1141.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1141.txt item: #93 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1142 author: T. Giordano, John title: GARUDA INDONESIA, REGISTERED TRADEMARK* date: 2015-09-15 words: 6479 flesch: 63 summary: The Sultan of Yogyakarta, implicitly a Wisnu incarnate, still rides in parades in a Garuda-winged vehicle, the Garuda Kencono. I will use the title – Garuda Indonesia, registered trademark - to organize my reflections. keywords: asia; culture; garuda; giordano; images; john; new; power; property; state; transmission; vishnu cache: prajnavihara-1142.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1142.txt item: #94 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1143 author: I. Fernando, Joseph title: TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING THE RELATION BETWEEN RELIGIONS AND CULTURES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA date: 2015-09-15 words: 5093 flesch: 59 summary: Thus the struggle against religion is indirectly the struggle against that world whose aroma is religion … Religion is the opium of the people. Modernization, Religion and Culture in Southeast Asia I would like to probe into the role of religion and culture with regard to the quality of life in Southeast Asia in the context of modernization. keywords: asia; culture; god; human; life; man; modernization; people; religion; southeast cache: prajnavihara-1143.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1143.txt item: #95 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1144 author: Srinivas, K. title: CONTEMPORARY INDIAN APPROACHES TO EPISTEMOLOGY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO B. K. MATILAL date: 2015-09-15 words: 6070 flesch: 54 summary: They hold the view that direct experience of such people like the Buddha or the Jaina resulted in scriptural knowledge. Thus scriptural knowledge is self-validating. keywords: bkm; epistemology; experience; indian; knowledge; pramana; sense; world cache: prajnavihara-1144.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1144.txt item: #96 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1145 author: Hongladarom, Soraj title: LOVE IN THE AGE OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY: HOW ARE METTA AND KARUNA STILL POSSIBLE?* date: 2015-09-15 words: 5950 flesch: 56 summary: Genetic manipulation of living organisms is growing rapidly, prompting concerns over the use of such technology in ways that exacerbate existing inequalities and perhaps create irreversible changes to the environment. On the other hand, information technology is poised to transform human beings and societies just as dramatically. keywords: buddhism; karuna; kind; love; metta; people; practice; society; technology cache: prajnavihara-1145.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1145.txt item: #97 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1146 author: Tjeng, Eui-Chai title: CONTRASTING THE PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE IN EASTERN PHILOSOPHY AND IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF AQUINAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF IMMANENCE AND TRANSCENDENCE date: 2015-09-15 words: 10520 flesch: 66 summary: This has instilled in me an even stronger sense of the sacredness of human life and nature and it has been a privilege and an honor to have been a part of this massive and successful effort to instill in the Korean public those same sense and values. Human life is distinguished from other creatures because of its spiritual nature. keywords: aquinas; culture; god; human; life; nature; notion; philosophy; principle; religions; sense; tao; things; thought; tzu; universe cache: prajnavihara-1146.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1146.txt item: #98 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1221 author: Hongladarom, Soraj title: A Buddhist Perspective on Human Enhancement and Extension of Human Lifespan date: 2015-10-08 words: 8112 flesch: 61 summary: It would be interesting to see how the values of other religions, such as Christianity, Islam or Hinduism, would look at the issues of human enhancement and extension of human lifespan. However, the distinction between the therapeutic and augmenta- tive use of human enhancement technologies has been criticized by some 4 Prajna Vihara- - ̃ as not being very clear cut, since it is the same technologies that can be employed on both sides, and since the very concept of a normal human being can be a contested. keywords: buddhist; enhancement; horrobin; human; life; lifespan; person; technologies cache: prajnavihara-1221.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1221.txt item: #99 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1222 author: Emily P. Tan, Jean title: Forgetting and Forgiving: A Nietzschean Perspective date: 2015-10-08 words: 12476 flesch: 56 summary: It is much more agreeable to offend and later ask forgiveness than to be offended and grant forgiveness. Moreover, insofar as the overcoming of resentment is a necessary condition of forgiveness, one can make a stronger claim that this reconciliation with time is a neces- sary subjective element of intersubjective forgiveness. keywords: act; forgetting; forgiveness; forgiving; human; memory; mercy; nietzsche; power; punishment; self; suffering cache: prajnavihara-1222.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1222.txt item: #100 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1223 author: Dua, Mikhael title: Technology and the Problems of Freedom: Phenomenological Reflecttions of Martin Heidegger date: 2015-10-08 words: 5586 flesch: 54 summary: 03_(51-65) Technology TECHNOLOGY AND THE PROBLEMS OF FREEDOM: PHE- NOMENOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS OF MARTIN HEIDEGGER Mikhael Dua Atma Jaya Catholic University, Indonesia Abstract Inspired by the impact of science and technology on Western society, many Eastern leaders requested their societies to learn and live in by logic of science and technology. In this instrumen- talist point of view, we control technology, or technology, as tool, can be controled to serve human interests. keywords: essence; heidegger; humans; means; question; technology; view; way; world cache: prajnavihara-1223.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1223.txt item: #101 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1224 author: Udefi, Amaechi title: Dimensions of Epistemology and the Case for Africa’s Indigenous Ways of Knowing date: 2015-10-08 words: 4392 flesch: 50 summary: Kwasi Wiredu, a member of the analytic school of African phi- losophy, while not as dismissive of traditional African thought as Hountondji, still holds (what Sumner calls) “a colonized version of phi- losophy which accepts Western definitions instead of creating African definitions of philosophy”.30 Concerning traditional African Philosophy, Wiredu has this to say; If African philosophy means Traditional African philoso- phy as surprisingly many people seem to think, then we can forget any pretence of modern philosophizing. On the one side were those who took a position arguing that African philosophy was still in the making. keywords: african; culture; epistemology; hountondji; knowledge; philosophers; philosophy; sense; thought cache: prajnavihara-1224.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1224.txt item: #102 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1225 author: Techapalokul, Soontaraporn title: The Paradox of Happiness in Western Economics : A Buddhist Perspective date: 2015-10-08 words: 4751 flesch: 66 summary: Paradox THE PARADOX OF HAPPINESS IN WESTERN ECONOMICS: A BUDDHIST PERSPECTIVE Soontaraporn Techapalokul** Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand Abstract The pursuit of happiness always involves a paradox. A WESTERN UNDERSTANDING OF HAPPINESS In the Western world, there are assorted concepts which charac- terize ‘happiness’. keywords: buddhist; happiness; income; life; mind; nikâya; oxford; paradox; utility; vol cache: prajnavihara-1225.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1225.txt item: #103 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1226 author: Kharuphankit, Phra Siriphong title: Cultural Snapshots: Duriyathep (The Devas of Music) date: 2015-10-08 words: 1850 flesch: 78 summary: More of his work can be seen at his website at: www.monnut.com/ en 94 Prajna Vihara, Volume16, Number 1, January-June 2015, 94-100 2000 by Assumption University Pressc - -˜ I bow in honor of the three devas: you Phra Visawakarm, who is the potent one who creates many things under the heavens, and you Phra Panjasinghkorn, who in your hands holds a Pin to play your enchanting music, and you Phra Parakhonthap, who is the ancient teacher. Phra Visawakarm, Phra Panjasinghkhorn, and Phra Parakhonthap __ in the Wai Khru for the teacher of art and music (duriyasin). keywords: music; panjasinghkorn; parakhonthap; phra; thai; visawakarm cache: prajnavihara-1226.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1226.txt item: #104 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1232 author: Hongladarom, Soraj title: Metaphysics of Change and Continuity: Exactly What Is Changing and What Gets Continued? date: 2015-10-09 words: 8635 flesch: 62 summary: Nâgârjuna: Change and Continuity in Mâhâyana Buddhism Nishida’s account of change and continuity and his critique of Aris- totelian logic is much influenced by Mâhâyana Buddhism. Commenting on Chapter II of the Mûlamadhayamakakârikâ, Jay Garfield has the following to say: Nâgârjuna argues that from such a view [that motion is nonempty] a number of absurd consequences would follow: Things not now in motion, but which were in motion in the past or which will be in the future, would have to undergo substantial change, effectively becoming different things when they change state from motion to rest or vice versa; a regress would ensue from the need for the entity motion itself to be in motion; motion would occur in the ab- sence of moving things; the moment at which a thing begins or ceases motion would be indescribable. keywords: arrow; change; continuity; motion; moving; reality; subject; thought cache: prajnavihara-1232.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1232.txt item: #105 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1233 author: Saniotis, Arthur title: What Can Gregory Bateson’s ‘Ecology of Mind’ Teach Us about the Human Genome? date: 2015-10-09 words: 5055 flesch: 59 summary: The key point of her model is how human beings subscribe human knowledge and behaviours into socially prescribed categories. Knowledge of the human genome has been under close scrutiny by geneticists, each vying to unlock the secrets of human genes. keywords: bateson; ecology; genes; genome; human; knowledge; life; mind; new; press; russell; university cache: prajnavihara-1233.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1233.txt item: #106 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1234 author: Swift, Paul title: The History and Mystery of Diogenes Laertius date: 2015-10-09 words: 4769 flesch: 57 summary: The Lives of the Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laertius is a Paul Swift 45 very peculiar text, like none other in the history of Western philosophy. 10(134-138)Note for Authors THE HISTORY AND MYSTERY OF DIOGENES LAERTIUS Paul Swift Bryant University, USA Abstract “The History and Mystery of Diogenes Laertius” exam- ines the peculiar status of the Lives of the Eminent Philoso- phers. keywords: diogenes; history; laertius; lives; nietzsche; philosophers; philosophy; plato cache: prajnavihara-1234.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1234.txt item: #107 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1235 author: Tangyin, Kajornpat title: Reading Levinas on ‘The Other’ from a Christian Perspective date: 2015-10-09 words: 6116 flesch: 68 summary: The other is beyond any com- prehension, or any thematizability, or in other words, the other is beyond ontological questioning. If Christianity places other religions as the other, how is Christianity oriented towards other religions? keywords: ethics; god; levinas; love; neighbor; philosophy; relation; self cache: prajnavihara-1235.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1235.txt item: #108 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1236 author: Agulanna, Christopher title: Moral Thinking in Traditional African Society: A Reconstructive Interpretation date: 2015-10-09 words: 5780 flesch: 53 summary: Traditional African value sys- tems, it is argued, are not only dogmatic but have as their sources of reference authority of one kind or another.10 A number of early social anthropologists and social scientists had 72 Prajñâ Vihâra also argued that life in traditional African societies was full of a superabun- dance of the emotional as against the rational. What to our eyes is impossible or absurd, it sometimes will admit without seeing any difficulty.12 Many Western scholars and social anthropologists are wont to ar- gue that moral conduct in traditional African societies is bound by the sanctions of dogma, religion and authority. keywords: african; argument; community; good; igbo; morality; societies; society; traditional cache: prajnavihara-1236.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1236.txt item: #109 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1237 author: A. Oyeshile, Olatunji title: Religious and Secular Origins of Morality within the Yoruba Framework: Implications for Man and Society date: 2015-10-09 words: 6424 flesch: 59 summary: For example, he talks about ogbon (wisdom), eko (study), otito (truthfulness) and mimo iwa hu (good conduct), which are used in Yoruba moral system as the expression of God’s will for mankind. But Yoruba moral system tells us that one cannot achieve anything without patience (suru). keywords: character; good; ibid; iwa; life; man; morality; olodumare; people; religion; society; yoruba cache: prajnavihara-1237.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1237.txt item: #110 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1238 author: Sia, Santiago title: ‘Fides et Ratio’: A Process Response date: 2015-10-09 words: 6041 flesch: 55 summary: Support of Philosophy Given the interest shown in this encyclical in philosophy itself as well as its recognised importance for theology, one cannot but accept that such a situation will lead—as indeed it has done so—to promoting philo- sophical pursuits.2 With any pursuit, no matter in what discipline, the vol- ume and quality of support, material or otherwise, go a long way towards advancing it. Moreover, they wanted to show the reasonableness of Christianity and the ability of Christian teachings to withstand a thorough examination by philosophy. Philosophy, understood as a search for truth, was critical of the mythical interpretation of reality. keywords: context; faith; metaphysics; philosophers; philosophy; reason; thinking; truth cache: prajnavihara-1238.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1238.txt item: #111 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1239 author: S. David, Luis title: States and Refugees: Reflections on the Karen Refugees from Burma and their Camps in Thailand date: 2015-10-09 words: 4824 flesch: 45 summary: Prior to the UNHCR’s regis- tration of refugees, Karen refugees in the aforementioned camps routinely returned to Myanmar to farm their plots of land. Allow me to quote at length the introduction to a 1993 UNHCR study on refugee protection entitled, Note on International Protection: keywords: burma; country; international; karen; protection; refugee; state; tatmadaw; unhcr; world cache: prajnavihara-1239.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1239.txt item: #112 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1241 author: Giordano, J.T. title: BOOK REVIEW date: 2015-10-09 words: 1896 flesch: 57 summary: What he seems to be describing is a kind of sophism which is taking root in Western culture which ‘spiritualizes’ itself by an appeal to writers like Sun Tzu, or new age popularizers of Eastern spirituality. Outside of the framework of Western thought, the desire to pre- serve otherness is not a kind of fetishizing as ŽiŽek would contend. keywords: lacan; real; redemption; žižek cache: prajnavihara-1241.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1241.txt item: #113 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1242 author: Meinhold, Roman title: Meta-Goods in Fashion-Myths:Philosophic-Anthropological Implications of Fashion Advertisements date: 2015-10-09 words: 3805 flesch: 62 summary: There- fore – according to the narration of fashion advertisements – fashions stage, improve and renew human beings and their lives.5 Endnotes 1 GARVE 1987, e.g. 57, 75, 105, 196. The question why human beings use and buy clothes has traditionally been answered with the classical functions of clothes; the answer comes in a form of an analytical distinction as well: There are four basic functions of clothes (which do not entirely explain the recurrence of new fashions). keywords: advertisements; clothes; consumer; der; fashion; human; meta; mode; product cache: prajnavihara-1242.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1242.txt item: #114 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1243 author: Bhatt, S. R. title: Ethics and Spirituality in Indian Thought date: 2015-10-09 words: 3005 flesch: 56 summary: Through its spiritualistic metaphysical premises one can work out an organicismic ethics; it would be an ethical system which can provide the norms to regulate human conduct in relation to other human beings, their social organizations, other living beings and the natural environment. This calls for newer formulation of global ethical norms which may regulate the entire 22 Prajñâ Vihâra gamut of human conduct in relation with one human being and another and also between human beings and the rest of the cosmos of animate beings and inanimate things. keywords: conduct; human; indian; knowledge; life; realization cache: prajnavihara-1243.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1243.txt item: #115 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1244 author: J. Kehinde, Ayantayo title: African Social Ethics and the Global Ethical Challenge date: 2015-10-09 words: 6779 flesch: 55 summary: The influences from both the ori- ental and occidental worlds on African societies have also led to cultural diffusion which today pose great threat to the belief in what constitutes the basis of African social ethics. For example, the African social ethics echoed in religious cus- toms, regulations, taboos, proverbs, myths, arts, signs and symbols.4 On the account of this, this paper examines African social ethics in the context of its relevance in meeting global ethical challenges. keywords: african; community; ethics; family; god; human; life; marriage; morality; people; religion; society; values cache: prajnavihara-1244.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1244.txt item: #116 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1245 author: I. Fernando, Joseph title: Towards a Critique of Globalization date: 2015-10-09 words: 3211 flesch: 54 summary: Worldview of Globalization I infer some presuppositions of globalization from the praxis of globalization. Does globalization make the world a better place to live in? Is globalization neo-colonialism? keywords: beings; colonies; globalization; man; power; technology; west; world cache: prajnavihara-1245.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1245.txt item: #117 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1246 author: Ebijuwa, Temisan title: Plural Values, Values Construction and Social Solidarity in Africa date: 2015-10-09 words: 5387 flesch: 55 summary: What follows from this is the assumption that moral values cannot be interculturally evaluated. First, it challenges the claim that there is a universal, independent, ethical standard in terms of which one can evaluate moral values in other societies. keywords: beliefs; cultural; culture; ebijuwa; human; people; societies; society; values cache: prajnavihara-1246.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1246.txt item: #118 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1247 author: Ryan Maboloc, Christopher title: Rawls and Habermas on Religion and Politics: Reflections on Philippine Political Culture date: 2015-10-09 words: 5256 flesch: 54 summary: Given this influence of the Church in Philippine political culture, it is important here to introduce the notion of the proviso, where Rawls says, “reasonable comprehensive doctrines, religious or non-religious, may be introduced in public political discussion at any time, provided that in Maboloc 73 due course political reasons and not reasons given solely by comprehen- sive doctrines, are presented” (Rawls 1997, 777; also in Habermas 2006, 5-6). “Why should we reject what liberalism tells 82 Prajñâ Vihâra us about speaking and acting in public for religious reasons” in Re- ligion and Contemporary Liberalism, edited by Paul Weithman. keywords: church; habermas; ibid; public; rawls; reason; society; sphere cache: prajnavihara-1247.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1247.txt item: #119 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1248 author: Irele, Dipo title: The Violated Universe: Fanon and Gandhi on Violence in Colonial Situations date: 2015-10-09 words: 5833 flesch: 54 summary: In the case of psychological violence Fanon means the injury or harm done to the human psyche. Physical violence involves bodily injury inflicted on human beings, the most radical manifestation of which is the killing of an individual. keywords: colonized; fanon; gandhi; independence; people; press; situation; struggle; view; violence cache: prajnavihara-1248.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1248.txt item: #120 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1249 author: T. Monera, Arnold title: Engaging with Wirkungsgeschichte: Romans 13:1-7 as a Case Study date: 2015-10-09 words: 13433 flesch: 61 summary: ad Rom., col. 1167: “Haec causa adversus illos prolata est qui se putabant ita debere libertate Christiana uti, ut nulli aut honorem deferrent aut tributa dependerent.” 83 De Bruyn, Pelagius’s Commentary, 50. 84 Augustine lived in 354-430 C.E. ”103 To sum up: Augustine has appealed to Rom 13 in many of his writings to explain the origin, nature, purpose, and even limits of political authority. keywords: augustine; authorities; authority; c.e; century; christian; church; commentary; csel; der; die; emperor; empire; esp; fathers; god; good; government; history; human; interpretation; letter; new; origen; paul; power; press; rom; romans; rulers; state; subject; temporal; text cache: prajnavihara-1249.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1249.txt item: #121 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1250 author: Saniotis, Arthur title: Visions of Ecumenism in a Troubled World: Sufism in the 21st Century date: 2015-10-09 words: 6094 flesch: 50 summary: There is little doubt that Sufi orders such as the Chistiyyah adopted a more liberal understanding of Hinduism, and emphasised communal harmony between Hindus and Muslims. They adopted local idiom and preached the message of love and universal brotherhood.22 On this note, it seems that Sufi orders were often more aware of the social conditions of the common people and tended to their spiritual and physical needs than the Islamic clerics. keywords: arabi; arthur; century; human; ibid; ibn; islam; islamic; knowledge; muslim; new; north; orders; saniotis; societies; sufism; west; world cache: prajnavihara-1250.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1250.txt item: #122 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1251 author: T. Monera, Arnold title: Book Review date: 2015-10-09 words: 1527 flesch: 64 summary: The Gospel of Judas asserts that the disciples had not learned the true Gospel, which Jesus taught only to Judas Iscariot. This Judas-friendly interpretation of the gospel presents to us Judas Iscariot as a misunderstood disciple and dispels the rumor that he was a traitor, bribe-taker and killer of self. keywords: archer; gospel; jesus; judas cache: prajnavihara-1251.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1251.txt item: #123 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1260 author: Dussel, Enrique title: A New Age in the History of Philosophy: the World Dialogue Between Philosophical Traditions date: 2015-10-19 words: 7695 flesch: 45 summary: There is a confusion between the origins of European philosophy, which may in part lie in Greece, and the origins of world philosophy, which has diverse origins, almost as many as there are fundamental traditions of phi- losophy. It is in this way that Arab philosophy, for example, could incorporate the hermeneutics of European philosophy, develop and apply them in order to discover new interpretations of the Korán that would make possible a new, much-needed Arab political philosophy, or Arab feminism. keywords: arab; century; core; cultures; development; dialogue; european; history; new; philosophies; philosophy; problems; traditions; universal; world cache: prajnavihara-1260.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1260.txt item: #124 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1261 author: A. Lanre-Abass, Bolatito title: Cultural Differences in Advance Directives Relating to End of Life Decision Making date: 2015-10-19 words: 9911 flesch: 52 summary: It argues that, in spite of the value of advance directives in end of life decision making in Western medical practice, advance direc- tives prove themselves to be inconsistent with African communitarian val- ues particularly in their adherence to the autonomy of persons. It further argues that, the Western practice of relying on advance directives in end of life decision making is too individualistic and, as a result, undermines African communal values relating to end of life decision making. keywords: advance; advance directives; african; autonomy; death; decision; degrazia; directives; life; living; medical; patient; person cache: prajnavihara-1261.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1261.txt item: #125 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1262 author: D. Pasco, Marc Oliver title: Contemporary Media Society in the Age of Hyperreality date: 2015-10-19 words: 7776 flesch: 54 summary: He writes: As I have suggested, non-Marxists and Marxists alike have come around to the general feeling that at some point following WWII a new kind of society began to emerge (variously described as postindustrial society, multinational capitalism, consumer society, media society and so forth). The continuous simulation of reality by capital and new media technologies has breached the dividing line that separated the real from the virtual and has taken ground on the very soil from which reality once stood. keywords: baudrillard; consumer; culture; end; hyperreality; information; masses; media; new; people; reality; signs; society; york cache: prajnavihara-1262.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1262.txt item: #126 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1263 author: Xirong, He title: Buddhism and Metaphysics: A Comparison of Chinese and Western Philosophy date: 2015-10-19 words: 5360 flesch: 65 summary: In trying to address a similar problem in the field of Chinese philosophy, some scholars have turned the compari- son of the texts of Chinese and Western philosophy for appre- ciating the different ways of doing philosophy. If we use this same approach in observing Buddhism, it turns out that, as a kind of metaphysics, Indian Buddhism shares many aspects with Chinese philosophy, in terms of origin, its ideas con- cerning transcendence and practice. keywords: buddhism; chinese; dao; knowledge; metaphysics; philosophy; things; world cache: prajnavihara-1263.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1263.txt item: #127 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1264 author: Bhatt, S.R. title: Buddhist Economics of Compassion and Communion date: 2015-10-19 words: 3486 flesch: 56 summary: In Buddhist economy wealth is a means and not an end. Buddhist economy is based on the doctrine of middle path avoid- ing the extremes of materialism and idealism, capitalism and communism, individualism and totalitarianism, poverty and affluence, self-negation and self-indulgence. keywords: consumption; economy; human; life; production; resources; wealth cache: prajnavihara-1264.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1264.txt item: #128 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1265 author: Obiekwe, Kenneth title: Emmanuel Levinas’s Personalist Philosophy and Christian Pacifism: Towards a Responsible Process of Peacemaking/Peacebuilding date: 2015-10-19 words: 8319 flesch: 42 summary: This nature of conflict, the paper argues, require an inner-oriented nonviolent peacemaking/peacebuilding approach, which is capable of addressing the dynamics of human relationships, motives and frustrations that lead to conflict, and of working toward personal and structural transformation and the restoration of justice and relationship. Also, given that today’s conflicts are entangled in a complex web of relationships and that human relationship and wellbeing have personal, interpersonal, structural and cultural dimensions and elements, a respon- sible and adequate peacemaking/peacebuilding process must seek holis- tic change. keywords: christian; community; ethics; god; justice; levinas; peacebuilding; peacemaking; person; philosophy; process; relationship; responsibility; self cache: prajnavihara-1265.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1265.txt item: #129 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1266 author: Srinivas, K. title: The Conflict Between the Ideal and the Real in the Context of Globalization date: 2015-10-19 words: 4387 flesch: 57 summary: If science exercises its authority on human conduct then human beings are treated as the ultimate subjects of modern science and technology. All the changes that are brought about by modern science and technology for leading a comfortable life-style by the humans are received with mixed reaction. keywords: human; ideal; idealism; individuals; life; reality; science cache: prajnavihara-1266.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1266.txt item: #130 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1267 author: Ryan Maboloc, Christopher title: Rawls and Habermas on Religion and Politics: Reflections on Philippine Political Culture date: 2015-10-19 words: 5242 flesch: 54 summary: Given this influence of the Church in Philippine political culture, it is important here to introduce the notion of the proviso, where Rawls says, “reasonable comprehensive doctrines, religious or non-religious, may be introduced in public political discussion at any time, provided that in due course political reasons and not reasons given solely by comprehen- sive doctrines, are presented” (Rawls 1997, 777; also in Habermas 2006, Christopher Ryan Maboloc 133 5-6). “Why should we reject what liberalism tells us about speaking and acting in public for religious reasons” in Religion and Contemporary Liberalism, edited by Paul Weithman. keywords: church; habermas; ibid; public; rawls; reason; society; sphere cache: prajnavihara-1267.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1267.txt item: #131 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1268 author: Yol Jung, Hwa title: Transversality and Comparative Political Philosophy in the Age of Globalization date: 2015-10-19 words: 10998 flesch: 59 summary: Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia __________. Cambridge, UK: Cam- bridge University Press Hobson, John M. 2004. keywords: american; difference; ethics; future; history; human; humanity; jung; life; modernity; new; past; philosophy; politics; press; responsibility; rights; transversality; truth; universal; university; western; world; york cache: prajnavihara-1268.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1268.txt item: #132 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1269 author: Giordano, J. T. title: Book Review date: 2015-10-19 words: 1998 flesch: 55 summary: Radical icono- clasts (like Chen Duxiu, founder of the Communist Party) reject it com- pletely; critical intellectuals (like Gu Jigang, the liberal-sceptic historian) question its ‘sacred’ source; comparatists (like Feng Youlan, author of the first history of Chinese philosophy) try to compare it to Western philoso- phy; purists (like Qian Mu, a Confucianist educator) insist that it is simply incomparable, as well as incommunicable to the West. Jullien, according to Billeter, is a typical comparatist and, like his Chinese counter- parts, unfailingly concludes that Chinese philosophy far surpasses all other varieties. keywords: billeter; chinese; jullien; life; thought cache: prajnavihara-1269.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1269.txt item: #133 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1270 author: J. Alam, Edward title: Philosophy and Culture : The Role of Religion? date: 2015-10-19 words: 5188 flesch: 42 summary: Thus, in an attempt to generate new philosophical insights for global times it is important to focus momentarily upon this ‘unity of philosophical experience’ that constitutes the very history of philosophy; this will help to guarantee that the new insights will spring from the living tree of thought and will be able to provide not only fruit that looks delicious, but fruit that really is delicious, and nourishing at the same time. In other words, and to put it more simply, we must accept, at the least, that in their various traditions of religious revelation, religious cultures possess many ideas about the nature of man, the universe, and life that are reasonable, and it would be unreasonable (un-philosophical) to simply dismiss them out of hand. keywords: beauty; culture; goodness; man; metaphysical; new; philosophy; universal; way cache: prajnavihara-1270.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1270.txt item: #134 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1271 author: Kaelin, Lukas title: Habermas, the Jesuits and Religion: Notes on a Discussion about the Role of Religion in Society date: 2015-10-19 words: 5050 flesch: 48 summary: Lastly, the political public space profits from religious statements.11 Habermas appreciates the recent public statements from organized religion; especially concerning the bioethics debate concerning research on embryonic stem cells and preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Next to the introduction is Habermas article entitled „A Consciousness of What is Lacking“ followed by the article of four professors of the Jesuit university in Munich, who reflect and develop on Habermas’ text. keywords: dem; der; die; ein; faith; habermas; philosophy; reason; reder; religion; resources; society; solidarity; von cache: prajnavihara-1271.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1271.txt item: #135 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1272 author: Mochizuki, Taro title: The Dialectic between the Private and the Public: the Philosophy of Descartes' Discourse on the Method date: 2015-10-19 words: 4356 flesch: 64 summary: In this paper, I am going to discuss Descartes’ attitude toward the public world, analysing mainly the text of Part Six of the Discourse. Each division corresponds to the three key moments of the dialectical devel- opment of Descartes’ argument in Part Six. keywords: descartes; ethos; logos; pathos; public cache: prajnavihara-1272.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1272.txt item: #136 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1273 author: Aryal, Yubraj title: What is at Stake in the Debate on Marxism and Postmodernism? date: 2015-10-19 words: 4036 flesch: 50 summary: Its logic prevents a coherent analysis of the natural world and especially of capitalist social reality and undermines revolutionary theoretical and political struggle against capitalism. We cannot term it simply as irrelevant! Subversion and displacement of ‘naturalized and reified’ views of human truth and reality cannot be relegated merely to sheer nihilism and nothingness but have potential to herald a neo-humanist emancipation of human politics and history at the same time being critical to its goal itself. keywords: language; marxism; nihilism; postmodernism; reality; self; truth; world cache: prajnavihara-1273.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1273.txt item: #137 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1274 author: Irrgang, Bernhard title: Intersubjectivity, "Other Intelligences" and the Philosophical Constitution of the Human-Robotics-Interaction date: 2015-10-19 words: 4299 flesch: 51 summary: These are threefold: the heterophenomenology of other bodies (Leiber) (human intelligences), other living intelligences (organic intelligences, mostly in an animal manner), and other technical intelligences. But human action already calls for greater active participation and has to be partially shaped by human itself. keywords: action; body; human; intelligences; intersubjectivity; irrgang; machines; nature; new; robot cache: prajnavihara-1274.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1274.txt item: #138 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1275 author: Singsuriya, Pagorn title: Justice in Paul Ricoeur's Philosophy date: 2015-10-19 words: 4438 flesch: 53 summary: Ricoeur elaborates his conception of justice on the basis of his “little ethics,” which is founded on his conception of narrative identity. The results of the research focus upon the conceptual mapping of Ricoeur’s concept of the just onto that of the self, whose ontological-existential structure is eventually and fully explicated with the concept of narrative identity. keywords: good; identity; justice; life; narrative; ricoeur; self cache: prajnavihara-1275.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1275.txt item: #139 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1276 author: Srinivas, K. title: Philosophy, Science and Axiology date: 2015-10-19 words: 5598 flesch: 56 summary: What is interesting to note is that the scientists who pursued philosophy could not turn philosophy into a science; and the speculations about atomic and sub-atomic structures in physical sciences could not turn science into philosophy. Thus natural sciences take an experimental turn in that they seek justification for their own discoveries. keywords: axiology; knowledge; life; material; philosophy; science; society; values cache: prajnavihara-1276.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1276.txt item: #140 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1277 author: Ayantayo, Jacob Kehinde title: Socio-Religious Dimensions to Chieftaincy Affairs in Yorubaland, Nigeria, West Africa date: 2015-10-19 words: 5679 flesch: 58 summary: Chieftainship in the History in Yoruba Land One cannot say precisely when chieftaincy institutions started in Yoruba land. By so doing, chieftaincy institution becomes indispensable as a force to reckon with consciously or unconsciously in the political arrangement in the Nigerian nation. keywords: chiefs; chieftaincy; government; institution; king; land; oba; people; social; society; town; yoruba cache: prajnavihara-1277.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1277.txt item: #141 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1278 author: Giordano, John T. title: Sacred Commodities date: 2015-10-19 words: 4753 flesch: 59 summary: Amulets and Souvenirs Along the streets of Bangkok, within the eddies of the flow of traffic and people, lying on tables or on mats on the sidewalks, examined carefully by traders and collectors with magnifying lenses, are a vast assortment of sacred amulets and images for sale. Spirituality and Mysticism: A Global View SACRED COMMODITIES John T. Giordano Assumption University, Thailand Abstract This presentation will examine the circulation of sacred images as commodities. keywords: amulets; buddha; city; exchange; form; images; object; power; redemption; trade cache: prajnavihara-1278.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1278.txt item: #142 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1279 author: N. Dinh, Joseph title: Book Review date: 2015-10-19 words: 1220 flesch: 44 summary: To provide guidance for students of spirituality, who live in a society of religious pluralism in this age of globalization, James A. Wiseman wrote the book Spirituality and Mysticism: A Global View with attention to the global context in which the study of Christian spirituality is done. The first chapter is a fine treatment of the various issues concerning the definition of terms, Christian spirituality and mysticism. keywords: book; christian; spirituality; wiseman cache: prajnavihara-1279.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1279.txt item: #143 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1280 author: P. St. John, Donald title: Thomas Merton’s Troubling Questions On Violence: From Auschwitz to Vietnam date: 2015-10-20 words: 18995 flesch: 62 summary: “All along, the terrible thing about the Eichmann case”, Merton suggests, “was the fact that his motives were always motives of conscience and duty, not of fanaticism”.8 While Merton obviously is fascinated with Arendt’s “banality of evil” argument, this remains in the background, and is not the main con- cern of his essay “A Devout Meditation in Memory of Adolf Eichmann”,9 Merton, as usual, wants to draw a lesson from Eichmann to apply to his ongoing concern with the proliferation of nuclear weapons and the possi- bility of nuclear war. Merton cites the rampant social injustice in Latin America and the possibility of nuclear war in North America which most Catholics “tend to accept pas- sively and without question because it is ‘better than being a Communist’. keywords: alternative; america; auschwitz; christian; church; death; farrar; giroux; john; language; merton; military; new; new york; nuclear; peace; people; prajñâ; sane; straus; thomas; thomas merton; vietnam; vihâra; violence; war; world cache: prajnavihara-1280.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1280.txt item: #144 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1281 author: Denton-Borhaug, Kelly title: Sacrifice and U.S. War-Culture date: 2015-10-20 words: 9599 flesch: 45 summary: Ivie remarks, “In war culture, disembodied abstractions and stone monuments supplant living memories of loved ones sacrificed for country and cause . . . At the same time, this conduit is entirely naturalized and mostly unquestioned in U.S. culture at large. keywords: american; borhaug; christian; christianity; culture; denton; god; institutions; jesus; life; military; nation; new; practices; sacrifice; states; time; u.s; united; war; way cache: prajnavihara-1281.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1281.txt item: #145 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1282 author: Afolayan, Adeshina title: Resignifying the Universal: Critical Commentary on the Postcolonial African Identity and Development date: 2015-10-20 words: 7639 flesch: 39 summary: Since the elements of African cultural identity have been undergoing significant changes in response to their confrontation with European imperialism and American racism, it would seem necessary to reformulate a new context for the confrontation with the questions of identity and normative action. A Report on Emotional Education for Young Children: RESIGNIFYING THE UNIVERSAL: CRITICAL COMMENTARY ON THE POSTCOLONIAL AFRICAN IDENTITY AND DEVELOPMENT Adeshina Afolayan University of Ibadan, Nigeria Abstract The dimension of the debate on the relation between the universal and the particular in African philosophy has been skewed in favour of the universalists who argued that the condition for the possibility of an African conception of philosophy cannot be achieved outside the “universal’ idea of the philosophical enterprise. keywords: african; american; cultural; development; human; humanism; identity; oyeshile; philosophy; problems; universal; universalism cache: prajnavihara-1282.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1282.txt item: #146 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1283 author: A. Keim, Curtis title: Violence, Culture, and History in Africa date: 2015-10-20 words: 6203 flesch: 49 summary: For example, there have been excellent analyses 10 that situate Rwanda’s genocide in the late twentieth century instead of merely in racism and tribalism.20 Likewise, for Sierra Leone, the place that Robert Kaplan said best illustrates the extreme weakness of African culture, Lansana Gberie’s A Dirty War in West Africa provides a perspective that is neither culturalist nor hopeless.21 Gérard Prunier’s Africa’s World War describes the recent history of Central Africa and while emphasizing the role of traditional African culture also takes ample account of outside influences and recent developments in regional culture.22 Non-culturalist analyses are available for most African conflicts. Given the ignorance of African culture and history in the West and among outsiders in general, it is still possible for those who say they are trying to resolve African conflict to obscure their lack of care or incompetence with false pictures of culture and history. keywords: africa; colonial; conflict; cultural; culture; darfur; history; mamdani; violence; war; west; world cache: prajnavihara-1283.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1283.txt item: #147 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1284 author: Parel, Anthony title: Gandhi and the Ethic of Active Non-Violence date: 2015-10-20 words: 6384 flesch: 63 summary: But today two new sources of religious violence have been added—religious nationalism and the new interpretation of jihad. These questions are very relevant today because of the Islamist claim that certain acts of political violence are compatible with deep spirituality. keywords: gandhi; life; majority; non; society; soul; state; violence; world cache: prajnavihara-1284.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1284.txt item: #148 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1285 author: Steffen, Lloyd title: Nonviolence as Ethical Spirituality: The Case of the Dalai Lama date: 2015-10-20 words: 8310 flesch: 52 summary: Rather than seeking public validation in terms of religious particulars, the Dalai Lama presents an ethic that can be universalized, that is benevolent and other- regarding, and that employs the language of normative action guides and rational principles. No figure on the world stage is more widely recognized today as a proponent of nonviolence than the spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people, Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama. keywords: anger; dalai lama; hatred; hhdl; injustice; mind; nonviolence; people; spiritual; tibetan; world cache: prajnavihara-1285.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1285.txt item: #149 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1286 author: Tjeng, Eui-Chai title: The Philosophy of Life in Oriental Philosophy and in the Theory of Thomas Aquinas date: 2015-10-20 words: 11753 flesch: 63 summary: Unde etsi aliud sit in angelo, secundum ratione m, quod intelligat se inteligere, et quod intelligat suam esentiam, tamen simul et ordinantis ipsum ad aliquas alias personas singulares, est referibile ad bonum commune, ad quod ordinat justitia. keywords: 2ae; autem; confucian; confucius; est; god; heartedness; hoc; human; image; justice; life; love; mencius; nature; non; order; pax; peace; people; personality; quod; relationship; rule; s. th; secundum; sed; social; thomas; violence; way cache: prajnavihara-1286.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1286.txt item: #150 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1287 author: A. Ibana, Rainier title: The Relevance of St. Thomas’ Philosophy of Education to Information Technologies and the Structure of the Human Brain date: 2015-10-20 words: 2652 flesch: 41 summary: Teaching, as St. Thomas puts it, is nothing else than “the awakening of the power of reasoning in another person.” In De Magistro (Question 11, a.1 of De Veritate), St. Thomas posed the question of whether humans can teach each other. keywords: brain; human; learning; technologies; thomas cache: prajnavihara-1287.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1287.txt item: #151 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1288 author: Snoussi, Syrine title: Educating the King: The Art of Governance in Early Arab Literature date: 2015-10-20 words: 5742 flesch: 65 summary: THE ART OF GOVERNANCE IN EARLY ARAB LITERATURE Syrine Snoussi Université de Nice Abstract This paper questions the early Arab literary tradition of the education of kings by initially defining the notion of education in this type of literature. But, more precisely, in the literature of giving advice to kings, education is not expressly mentioned, and it doesn’t seem to be, at first sight, as the proper place to discuss the education of kings. keywords: education; governance; king; mirrors; power; princes; ruler; tradition cache: prajnavihara-1288.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1288.txt item: #152 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1289 author: I. Fernando, Joseph title: Education for Peace date: 2015-10-20 words: 5987 flesch: 67 summary: The educational institutions can network with NGOs and peace groups so that the students may be in touch with real situations in life and can be trained to meet the challenges of peace. How to Live in Peace with Oneself I think only men and women of peace can bring peace to the world since we cannot give what we do not have. keywords: dialogue; education; god; human; king; life; nonviolence; peace; world cache: prajnavihara-1289.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1289.txt item: #153 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1290 author: Tangyin, Kajornpat title: Reading Kierkegaard on Faith through Johannes Climacus and Johannes De Silentio date: 2015-10-20 words: 10365 flesch: 69 summary: Faith is this paradox, and the single individual simply cannot make himself understandable to anyone… The one knight of faith cannot help the other at all” (FT, III 120). Faith in any system of thought seems to cease to be faith because it submits to be understood through rational explanation. keywords: abraham; christian; climacus; faith; god; infinite; isaac; kierkegaard; paradox; silentio cache: prajnavihara-1290.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1290.txt item: #154 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1291 author: Numkanisorn, Rev. Bro. Dr. Phiranant title: A Leadership Framework for Change for Thai Catholic Educators date: 2015-10-20 words: 3679 flesch: 38 summary: We must be willing to permit adequate time for devoted efforts aimed at 5 strengthening Catholic school culture; the culture that transitions our Catholic educational communities to be a place of ecclesial experience, which is moulded in the Christian community. Thus, we, as leaders in Catholic school communities should take the time to gain a sound understanding of, and develop, values congruence in our educational communities. keywords: catholic; culture; leadership; leithwood; new; school; values cache: prajnavihara-1291.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1291.txt item: #155 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1292 author: S. Drummond, Michael title: The Paths Social-Emotional Education Curriculum with Reflections on Felt Bodily Experience and Buddhist Principles date: 2015-10-20 words: 6576 flesch: 56 summary: Indeed the Buddha gained awakening by the mindful observation of bodily feelings (DN.1.17).4 Likewise bodily feelings as a cause of negative emotional habits and bodily feelings as a tool to be free from such negative habits, is a central aspect of Buddhist meditation. keywords: body; buddhist; children; curriculum; emotions; experience; feelings; greenberg; habits; paths; students cache: prajnavihara-1292.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1292.txt item: #156 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1293 author: Xiaojiang, Wu title: Cultural Tradition and Cultural Renewal date: 2015-10-20 words: 5125 flesch: 33 summary: The path contains the following four aspects: integrating the ra- tional elements of Eastern holism with the positive elements of Western individualism; integrating the values of respect- ing family in Eastern cultural tradition with the values of respecting self-dependence of individual in Western cultural tradition; integrating the positive elements of the values of “rule by morality” in Eastern cultural traditions with the values of “rule by law” in Western cultural traditions; inte- grating Eastern “static civilization” with Western “dynamic civilization”. Integrating the positive elements of the values of “rule by mo- rality” in Eastern cultural traditions with the values of “rule by law” in Western cultural traditions The Qin Dynasty practiced a general policy of “relying on ex- tremely harsh penal laws to govern the nation” and “entirely using laws to replace morality to govern the nation”. keywords: chinese; culture; eastern; family; individual; law; morality; rule; self; values cache: prajnavihara-1293.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1293.txt item: #157 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1294 author: Ryan Maboloc, Christopher title: Amartya Sen’s ‘Capability Approach’ and Democracy in The Philippines date: 2015-10-20 words: 3979 flesch: 58 summary: While positive freedom enhances the individual’s ability to be the person she desires herself to be, our negative rights protect us from the excesses and manipulative tendencies of other people. The author has reached the conclusion that negative freedom does not secure for people their well-being. keywords: church; democracy; development; freedom; government; people; sen cache: prajnavihara-1294.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1294.txt item: #158 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1295 author: Babatunde Ekanola, Adebola title: Metaphysical Entities and Healthcare in an African Culture date: 2015-10-20 words: 5065 flesch: 48 summary: There is a plausible explanation of how belief in metaphysical entities and the offering of sacrifices to them affect human health. (Sogolo, 1993: 114) coupled with the African conception of spiritual entities’ as steering and controlling everything in existence leads to an hypothesis to explain how metaphysical entities can affect the health of human beings, irrespective of their belief system: metaphysical entities whenever they want to afflict an individual would simply steer the 14 natural force or micro-organism required to effect a sickness to attack the target and consequently bring the person down with the particular ailment. keywords: african; entities; health; medical; person; physical; traditional; yoruba cache: prajnavihara-1295.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1295.txt item: #159 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1296 author: Afolayan, Adeshina title: Resignifying the Universal: Critical Commentary on the Postcolonial African Identity and Development date: 2015-10-20 words: 7670 flesch: 39 summary: Since the elements of African cultural identity have been undergoing significant changes in response to their confrontation with European imperialism and American racism, it would seem necessary to reformulate a new context for the confrontation with the questions of identity and normative action. CRITICAL COMMENTARY ON THE POSTCOLONIAL AFRICAN IDENTITY AND DEVELOPMENT Adeshina Afolayan University of Ibadan, Nigeria Abstract The dimension of the debate on the relation between the universal and the particular in African philosophy has been skewed in favour of the universalists who argued that the condition for the possibility of an African conception of philosophy cannot be achieved outside the “universal’ idea of the philosophical enterprise. keywords: african; american; cultural; development; human; humanism; identity; oyeshile; philosophy; problems; universal; universalism cache: prajnavihara-1296.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1296.txt item: #160 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1297 author: Saniotis, Arthur title: Invoking Kairos: Reflections on Islam and Christianity in the New World date: 2015-10-20 words: 2673 flesch: 46 summary: It is the sociological implications of Ibn Arabi’s ontology that gives us an invaluable insight for examining kairos in relation to the dialogic with Islam and Christianity, and its implications on world peace. It is the sociological implications of Ibn Arabi’s ontology that gives us an invaluable insight for examining kairos in relation to the dialogic with Islam and Christianity, and its implications on world peace. keywords: arabi; divine; global; ibn; islam; kairos; new; world cache: prajnavihara-1297.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1297.txt item: #161 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1298 author: Nimanong, Veerachart title: Hermeneutics in the Theravada Buddhist Texts: an Overview of Research date: 2015-10-20 words: 4870 flesch: 57 summary: “ทฤษฎ น�ยว�เคร�ะห�ในฐ�นะตรรกว�ทย�แบบใหม�” บทคว�มเสนอในง�นส�มมน� ท�งว�ช�ก�ร ณ มห�ว�ทย�ล�ยศร นคร�นทรว�โรฒ ประส�นม�ตร ๒๒ ต�ล�คม ๒๕๔๔. หน�� ๑-๙. (Warayuth Sriwarakuel, Asst. Prof. Dr. Hermeneutics as New Logic. ระเบ ยบว�ธ ก�รศ9กษ�ปร�กฏก�รณ�ท�งส�งคมว�ทย�แนวพ�ทธและส�งคมว�ทย�แนว ว�ทย�ศ�สตร�. keywords: attitude; buddhist; dhamma; hermeneutics; interpretation; language; research; theory; understanding; world cache: prajnavihara-1298.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1298.txt item: #162 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1299 author: Chatkoon, Wathin title: What Sort of Essence has Technology? date: 2015-10-20 words: 6473 flesch: 49 summary: Winner calls this “technological somnambulism”: acceptation and acquainting of new technology that leads to transformation of our life activities. This thesis, which arose from first generation of essentialists, gives us helpful insight concerning the “effect” that modern technologies have made upon modern society and how it has considerably changed our modern life from pre-modern times. keywords: bijker; concept; essence; essentialism; feenberg; life; new; society; technology; way cache: prajnavihara-1299.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1299.txt item: #163 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1300 author: Chavanayarn, Siraprapa title: Does Apriority Involve Necessity? date: 2015-10-20 words: 5927 flesch: 50 summary: Thus, from his account of essentialism, he confirms that the propositions which demonstrate the essence of things are necessarily true propositions. But Kripke maintains that such propositions are only contingently true, which therefore can be false. keywords: knowledge; necessity; posteriori; priori; propositions cache: prajnavihara-1300.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1300.txt item: #164 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1301 author: Yusuf, Imtiyaz title: Islamic Theology of Religious Pluralism: Qur’an’s Attitude towards Other Religions date: 2015-10-20 words: 5441 flesch: 51 summary: After teaching and doing research for 19 years about Islamic Studies and Religion in Thailand - ten years at public universities and nine years at Assumption University, I have come to appreciate Islam – Buddhist – Catholic relations in Thailand and Asi ISLAMIC THEOLOGY OF RELIGIOUS PLURALISM: QUR’AN’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS OTHER RELIGIONS Imtiyaz Yusuf Assumption University of Thailand Abstract This paper deals with the teachings of the Qur’an regarding the role of religion in human history, and its attitudes towards different religions. Finally, the paper urges the Muslims to view other religions such as Buddhism from the perspective of the Qur’an – a perspective which recognizes religious pluralism. 2) Islamic Theology of Religions – The Meaning of “Muslim” As the youngest religion, Islam faced a religiously pluralistic space from its start. keywords: god; islam; islamic; muhammad; muslim; pluralism; prophet; qur’an; religions cache: prajnavihara-1301.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1301.txt item: #165 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1450 author: Saccone, Giuseppe Mario title: Christian Ethico-Political Philosophy and the Roots of Liberalism date: 2016-06-21 words: 7524 flesch: 43 summary: Accordingly, it is not uncommon to find political theorists assuming that Augustinian thought does in fact foreshadow some features of the liberal conception of the state, which Giuseppe Mario Saccone 81 together with political and religious neutrality predicates also the distinction between private morality and public law.10 Nevertheless, any such comparison needs to take into account they involve different notions of political justice. Giuseppe Mario Saccone 71 legitimacy and political universalism The ethical precepts of St. Paul, like the ones of Hellenistic Stoicism, have a markedly universal range, and were instrumental in how the new Christians understood political legitimacy. keywords: aquinas; augustine; christian; church; god; justice; law; legitimacy; love; paul; state; thought cache: prajnavihara-1450.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1450.txt item: #166 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1472 author: Kumara, Sanjeewa Vijitha title: Sāṅkhya Teachings Found in Theravada Buddhism: an inquiry into an analogy depicted in the Visuddhimagga date: 2016-04-20 words: 5626 flesch: 68 summary: The critical note on Sāṅkhya teachings found in the Pañcappakaraṇa-anu-ṭīkā would be vital source leading to clear evidence regarding this discussion. Relationship between Buddhaghosa and sāṅkhya system The strong Brahmanical background of Buddhaghosa inherited by birth signifies a possibility of Sāṅkhya philosophy influencing his works. keywords: analogy; buddhaghosa; buddhist; kapila; literature; london; pali; philosophy; society; sutta; sāṅkhya; text; vim; vism; visuddhimagga cache: prajnavihara-1472.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1472.txt item: #167 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1473 author: Menamparampil, Thomas title: Fairness must be Combined with Economic Growth date: 2016-04-20 words: 10861 flesch: 57 summary: As societies emerge from their relative isolation and interact with other societies and civilizations, new psychic energies are generated;the synergy thus created makes amazing things happen. It is not only the challenge of the environment that stirs a society to achievement but also pressure or competition from other societies. keywords: civilization; economy; history; human; menamparampil; nations; new; people; prajñā; self; society; stiglitz; thomas; today; toynbee; vihāra; war; wars; world cache: prajnavihara-1473.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1473.txt item: #168 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1474 author: K. Becker, Gerhold title: Do we Know Art When we see It? Philosophical Explorations in Aesthetics date: 2016-04-20 words: 9372 flesch: 62 summary: Art works need interpretationin order to be art works. Whether in nature or art beauty has the same a priori principle, which lies entirely within subjectivity. keywords: aesthetics; appreciation; art; beauty; hegel; history; nature; new; object; philosophy; sense; theory; thought; works; world cache: prajnavihara-1474.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1474.txt item: #169 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1475 author: Kham Ai, Phramaha Panya; Asavisanu, Poonpilas title: Learning-Centered Leadership for Buddhist Monastic Education in Thailand date: 2016-06-21 words: 2280 flesch: 43 summary: Phra Pariyattidhamma school leaders must be constantly involved and invested in the instructional program. The creation of learning organizations should be a priority of Phra Pariyattidhamma school leaders as this fosters 104 Prajñā Vihāra a learning environment that can generate learning in the school. keywords: education; learning; monastic; phra; school cache: prajnavihara-1475.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1475.txt item: #170 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1476 author: Hidayat, Ferry title: On the Struggle for Recognition of Southeast Asian and Regional Philosophy date: 2016-04-20 words: 5092 flesch: 54 summary: They only recognize the major traditions of Chinese, Indian, and Japanese philosophy; none of them recognize the importance of minor traditions.7 In actual fact, Western academia’s reluctance to acknowledge the minor traditions of Asian philosophy is mirrored by Eastern academia’s unwillingness to do so to the minor traditions of Western philosophy, such as of Lithuania, Italy, Poland, Czech, Bulgaria, Georgia, Yugoslavia, Romania,or Hungary. What we properly understand by Africa, is the Unhistorical, Undeveloped Spirit, still involved in the conditions of mere nature, and which had to be presented here only as on threshold of the World’s History…3 38 Prajñā Vihāra Many other Western philosophers, such as Bertrand Russell, indirectly suggest the superiority of Western philosophy, when they assert that ‘Philosophy begins with Thales.’ keywords: asia; civilization; ferry; hidayat; non; philosophers; philosophy; press; southeast; traditions; university; western; world cache: prajnavihara-1476.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1476.txt item: #171 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1759 author: Ma’ruf, M. title: On the Integration of Science and Religion: Between Sacred Science and Wilāyat Al Faqīh date: 2016-04-20 words: 5201 flesch: 53 summary: Thus, the concept of Wilāyat Al Faqīh functions as a bridge at the operational level of sacred knowledge, which radiates from God, through the Prophet and Imams, and finally down to the community level. Then it will proceed to show to what extent Wilāyat Al Faqīh can accomplish the ideal of Science Integration through the analysis of four aspects: the religious, the metaphysical, the epistemological and the ethical. keywords: al faqīh; authority; faqīh; god; integration; knowledge; nasr; religion; science; wilāyat; wilāyat al cache: prajnavihara-1759.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1759.txt item: #172 of 312 id: prajnavihara-1760 author: Saccone, Giuseppe Mario title: Book Review date: 2016-04-20 words: 2131 flesch: 41 summary: This means that the hegemony acquired by Marxist ideology should lead to a positive change within civil society, since the oppressed will increasingly acquire a consciousness of their own individual and collective rights. In other words, Gramsci had highlighted the importance of acquiring ideological domination within civil society in order to develop the consciousness and liberate the oppressed majority of the population of Italy (and beyond) from the forerunners of fascism, and then from fascism itself. keywords: book; democracy; gambia; jallow; order cache: prajnavihara-1760.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1760.txt item: #173 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2009 author: Sevilla, Héctor title: Philosophy Centered on Nothingness: The Kyoto School, Heidegger, and other Nihilistic Philosophies date: 2017-02-11 words: 6055 flesch: 54 summary: Kitaro Nishida and Absolute Nothingness Returning to the issue of the East, in Kitaro Nishida we have a representative of the philosophy of Nothingness in its most radical form. For it, a brief synthesis of Nishida and Tanabe’s philosophy will be presented; in their conceptions about Nothingness, whether as something absolute or dynamic that allows the movement of everything else, a first matrix can be observed of what for Heidegger represents nothingness: the source of all philosophical approaches; a something which, upon being, ceases to be or loses its being. keywords: absolute; existence; heidegger; man; nihilism; nothingness; self; world cache: prajnavihara-2009.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2009.txt item: #174 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2109 author: Kumara, Sanjeewa Vijitha title: Buddhist Teachings about the Middle - A Critical study of the Majjhe-sutta of the Aṅguttara-nikāya date: 2017-02-11 words: 5892 flesch: 70 summary: the development of different middles in early Buddhism The question remains as to why the Theravada or Mahayana do not refer to the Majjhe-sutta. The non-Brahmin followers were familiar with different middles (like cessation of contact or cessation of feeling) because their thoughts or views were not influenced by Vedic or Brahmanical teachings, particularly, with the belief of a creator or Ātman. keywords: aṭṭhakathā; buddha; buddhist; cessation; consciousness; contact; extreme; kcc; london; majjhe; middle; nikāya; pali; society; sutta; text; text society cache: prajnavihara-2109.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2109.txt item: #175 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2211 author: Firdaus, Qusthan title: On Taqiyya, Or on How Not to Lie date: 2016-06-21 words: 10592 flesch: 62 summary: the Concept of Taqiyya This section strives to illuminate the formal concept of taqiyya. the practices of Taqiyya The way people put taqiyya into practice often deviates from its concept. keywords: ali; campbell; case; commandment; concept; dissimulation; hand; imam; iran; islamic; life; lying; muslims; persecution; practices; prophet; qur’an; taqiyya cache: prajnavihara-2211.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2211.txt item: #176 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2212 author: Seran, Alexander title: Pancasila and the Struggle for a Moral Grammar date: 2016-06-21 words: 5488 flesch: 48 summary: Conclusion Huntington’s approach to social conflict in modern societies through the clash of civilizations does not reflect phenomenological attitudes in the life-world since social conflicts are myriad of reasons. Preventing social conflict requires participation by both local people and international communities. keywords: grammar; habermas; huntington; laws; means; morality; pancasila; soekarno; solidarity; state; world cache: prajnavihara-2212.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2212.txt item: #177 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2213 author: Sarkar, Hiren title: Happiness, Contentment, Wealth Creation and Sustainable Development date: 2016-06-21 words: 4799 flesch: 30 summary: To address these questions, the general aim of the paper has been to review, identify and analyse the interaction between Hiren Sarkar 53 religion, belief systems and economic performance, introduce alternative indicators of economic performance based on both narrow and broad objectives of economic development and discuss the possible role of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) in realizing a development process so as to satisfy the overall needs of this as well as future generations. This Sufficiency Economic Framework is the only available practical “development model” which “packages” stable economic growth, improvement in income distribution, gain in environmental sustainability through ‘life style changes’ and development of positive ethics and values leading to overall happiness of mankind. keywords: country; development; economy; gdp; growth; happiness; level; needs; paradigm; sufficiency cache: prajnavihara-2213.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2213.txt item: #178 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2214 author: Puntarigvivat, Tavivat title: Christianity from a Thai Buddhist Perspective date: 2016-06-21 words: 2272 flesch: 63 summary: While the Pope and the churches appealed to the tradition, Luther and his new movement appealed to the Scripture as the basis of the authority of Christianity. 94 Prajñā Vihāra Since the Pope at Rome and the civil authority during that time were allied, Luther challenged not only the authority of the Pope but also the authority of the civil government. Another reason for the bishop of Rome gaining power over Christian churches in the Roman Empire was the claim that the church of Rome was directly founded by both Paul and Peter. keywords: bishop; christianity; jesus; pope; rome cache: prajnavihara-2214.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2214.txt item: #179 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2215 author: Luo, Yong title: Photo Essay: Guanyin Worship among the Thai Chinese date: 2016-06-21 words: 2163 flesch: 63 summary: Guanyin in thai Buddhist temples Guanyin statues can be seen in many Thai Buddhist temples, such as the Grand Palace, Wat Pho and Wat Arun. However, in Thai temples, the positions of Guanyin statues are not as important as the positions of statues of the Buddha. keywords: bangkok; chinese; guanyin; luo; statue; thai cache: prajnavihara-2215.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2215.txt item: #180 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2347 author: Okafor, Emmanuel Nweke title: The Concept of IGBO Spirituality and Environment date: 2017-02-11 words: 5552 flesch: 53 summary: Traditional Igbo Approach to Conflict Resolution Significant to Igbo life is its closely knit to culture and tradition. Igbo people show much respect to kola nuts for what it represents in Igbo culture. keywords: african; chi; community; environment; igbo; life; man; people; person; society; spirituality; traditional cache: prajnavihara-2347.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2347.txt item: #181 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2352 author: Youngmevittaya, Wanpat title: Justice and the Public Sphere: A Critique of John Rawls’ Political Liberalism date: 2017-02-11 words: 14838 flesch: 54 summary: It may be true that to preserve a democratic society, we need political liberalism, political conception of the person, reasonable pluralism, the public political culture of a democratic society, and so on, but the question is why a democratic society in the first place? But this answer is clearly impossible for political liberalism; instead, it must be answered through political conceptions, e.g. this should be so because it is reasonable for individuals who are morally free and equal. keywords: contract; good; justice; liberalism; person; position; principles; rawls; theory cache: prajnavihara-2352.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2352.txt item: #182 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2371 author: Elicor, Peter Paul Ejera title: Emmanuel Levinàs and Matthew Lipman: Towards a Critique of a Totalizing Tendency in Formal Education date: 2017-02-11 words: 6760 flesch: 47 summary: In fact, there are other modes of thinking that are equally essential in education. In other words, pre-institutionalized human encounters carry with it an inevitable trait of education. keywords: community; education; inquiry; learning; lipman; process; students; teacher; tendency; thinking cache: prajnavihara-2371.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2371.txt item: #183 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2562 author: An, Saiping title: Chin Kung: A “Potential” Humanistic Buddhist date: 2017-02-11 words: 5473 flesch: 61 summary: Chin Kung regarded Buddhism as education, and did an educational translation of Pure Land Buddhism. Taking the three refuges, keeping the various precepts and refraining from breaking the rules of conduct; 3. Awakening aspiration for Enlightenment, believing deeply in the law of causality, chanting the Mahayana sutras and encouraging people to follow their teachings.20 However, these ethical practices are normally regarded as auxiliary practices by Pure Land Buddhism, and not necessary requirements.21 But for Chin Kung, these ethical practices are necessary conditions for rebirth in Sukhavati, for one who even fails to be a good man, cannot become a Buddha. keywords: association; buddha; buddhism; chin; chin kung; education; inc; kung; land; world cache: prajnavihara-2562.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2562.txt item: #184 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2563 author: Barua, Ananya title: Re-visiting the Ethics of War in the Philosophy of St. Augustine, Mahatma Gandhi and the Dalai Lama date: 2017-02-11 words: 7773 flesch: 56 summary: Violence mechanically begets violence but the spiritual dimension of non-violence can transcend this mechanical and causal dimension as long as the spirit rules over flesh! Violence and killing are deeply corrupting in their effect upon all involved, and Buddhists will therefore try to avoid direct involvement in violent action or in earning their living in a way that, directly or indirectly, does violence. keywords: ahimsa; buddhist; christian; dharma; dialogue; evil; gandhi; hoekema; human; life; non; terrorism; tradition; violence; war cache: prajnavihara-2563.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2563.txt item: #185 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2564 author: Kølle, Anders title: Book Review The Mark of the Sacred by Jean-Pierre Dupuy date: 2017-02-11 words: 1324 flesch: 47 summary: Far from repeating or miming traditional Hegelian dialectics, Dupuy thus makes contradiction and not synthesis the main purpose of religious thought: It is only to the extent that man recognizes an otherness which forever remains outside his control and grasp that man finds the necessary means to control and delimit himself. From the perspective of Dupuy there is therefore always something of a territorial animal walking its rounds at the very heart of religious thinking. keywords: dupuy; man; sacred cache: prajnavihara-2564.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2564.txt item: #186 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2916 author: K. Paulin, Batairwa title: On the Nostra Aetate: a Landmark Document of the Catholic Church’s Engagement with other Religions date: 2017-10-16 words: 9350 flesch: 51 summary: The declaration has been a landmark for the Church’s relation and appraisal of other religions. Still, its significance for the development of relations of the Catholic Church with other religions has been unprecedented. keywords: aetate; asian; catholic; christian; church; dialogue; document; faith; god; jesus; jewish; nostra; nostra aetate; religions; spirit cache: prajnavihara-2916.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2916.txt item: #187 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2917 author: Sakyabhinand, Widya title: Logical Expression in the Tipitaka: A Case Study of the Use of Definition in the Sikkhãpadavibhamga and the Pãdabhãjanĩya of the Four Pãrãjikas of the Bhikkhu’s Discipline date: 2017-10-16 words: 6485 flesch: 61 summary: There are various types of real definition and nominal definition. In conclusion, Wittgenstein has dismissed real definition, viewing that if there needs to be a definition, we may use ostentation (ostensive definition), which is a kind of nominal definition. keywords: book; buddhist; defeat; definition; meaning; means; monk; pbh; pãrãjikas; svbh; synonym; term cache: prajnavihara-2917.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2917.txt item: #188 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2918 author: Lewis, Justin title: Ellul, Bataille, Zhuangzi & Technological Man date: 2017-10-16 words: 6836 flesch: 53 summary: ”27 66 Prajñā Vihāra Ellul highlights contemporary human activity as placing primacy on instrumental values and techniques of efficiency. Justin Lewis 53 ELLUL, BATAILLE, ZhUANgZI & TEChNOLOgICAL MAN Justin lewis Assumption University, Thailand ABstrACt The impact of modern technological society on the human spirit and on human values is undeniable. keywords: bataille; economy; efficiency; ellul; energy; human; ibid; life; society; technique cache: prajnavihara-2918.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2918.txt item: #189 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2919 author: Shen, Meilee title: Chinese Buddhism in the United States date: 2017-10-16 words: 7879 flesch: 57 summary: Chinese Zen Buddhism is still the most developed practice in American Buddhism. Chinese Buddhism spreads to America Because most Chinese immigrants are Buddhists, Americans have always labeled Buddhism as one of the ethnic religions that was practiced only by the Chinese. keywords: american; buddhism; buddhists; chinese; culture; francisco; immigrants; new; practice; press; religion; san; states; temple; united; york cache: prajnavihara-2919.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2919.txt item: #190 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2921 author: Apichai Puntasen, Apichai Puntasen title: From Wealth to Well-being and Finally Nibbana: A Bridge from Traditional to Buddhist Economics date: 2017-10-16 words: 13363 flesch: 54 summary: As for Sufficiency Economy, it is the process leading to the output of sustainable development in such a way that the economy, society, culture, and environment are sustainable, balanced and stable. However, Sufficiency Economy stresses more on the part of inputs and process to be assured that sustainable development will be the output, and the outcome from moderation will lead to balance and finally happy life, eventually. keywords: bhutan; capital; concept; consumption; development; economics; economy; gnh; good; happiness; human; life; middle; national; process; production; sufficiency; way cache: prajnavihara-2921.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2921.txt item: #191 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2922 author: Techapalokul, Soontaraporn title: ASEAN and World Peace Building from a Buddhist Economic Perspective date: 2017-10-16 words: 4771 flesch: 52 summary: The truth is that the trio cannot put an end to human suffering — because human happiness is not conditioned by stimulating taṇhā or desire and its pursuit — but 148 Prajñā Vihāra suffering, resulting from stimulating and bringing in inequality, poverty, hunger, sorrow, and wars. Today, ASEAN has concentrated on raising economic development. keywords: asean; buddhist; desire; development; economics; happiness; human; people; self; world cache: prajnavihara-2922.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2922.txt item: #192 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2923 author: Kellis, Maria title: Mysticism: from the Eleusinian Mysteries to Today date: 2017-10-16 words: 3774 flesch: 53 summary: The comparative category of mysticism in religious studies today is a modern construct designed to elicit nuances in the investigation and description of these types of phenomena termed mystical experiences. Katz opens his article “Language, Epistemology, and Mysticism” (1978) by saying that “though no philosophical argument is capable of proving the veracity of mystical experience, one would be both dogmatic and imprudent to decide a priori that mystical claims are mumbo jumbo, especially given the wide variety of such claims by men (and women) of genius and/or intense religious sensitivity over the centuries as well as across all cultural divisions.” keywords: athens; consciousness; eleusinian; experience; god; greek; meaning; mysteries; mysticism; rituals cache: prajnavihara-2923.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2923.txt item: #193 of 312 id: prajnavihara-2924 author: Garrett, Brian title: Trolleys, Transplants and Other Dangerous Things: An Intellectual Exercise date: 2017-10-16 words: 1306 flesch: 76 summary: I take it to be a datum that our ordinary, untutored reaction to these examples is: it’s impermissible to kill Mr X in Transplant, but permissible to kill Mr Y in Trolley. Thus, Mr X is used as a mere means in Transplant, unlike Mr Y in Trolley, and that explains the difference in our moral judgements. keywords: trolley cache: prajnavihara-2924.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-2924.txt item: #194 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3064 author: Dua, Mikhael title: Dromological Speed and its relationship to Democracy and Human Rights date: 2018-02-02 words: 6970 flesch: 48 summary: “From Modernism to Hypermodernism and Beyond” an Interview with Paul Virilio in Theory, Culture, and Society, Volume 16 (5-6), 1999 Bratton, Benjamin H. “Logistics of Habitable Circulation” in Virilio, Paul. Like Heidegger and Merleau Ponty, Virilio sees dromological technology having its world network: the city with all its complexity. keywords: city; human; new; paul; politics; power; rights; society; space; speed; state; technology; virilio; war; world cache: prajnavihara-3064.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3064.txt item: #195 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3065 author: Enßlin, Volkmar title: Nāgārjuna’s Concept of Emptiness in Comparison with Schopenhauer and Aristotle date: 2018-02-02 words: 4726 flesch: 62 summary: No 2, July - December 2017, 22-38 © 2000 by Assumption University Press Volkmar Enßlin 23 Introducing Nāgārjuna Emptiness, or śūnyatā, has been so often misunderstood, not only in the West, but also in India itself, even during Nāgārjuna’s own time. keywords: aristotle; emptiness; entity; mādhyamika; nāgārjuna; schopenhauer; table; thing; way; world; śūnyatā cache: prajnavihara-3065.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3065.txt item: #196 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3066 author: Kølle, Anders title: The Roleless Role of Man date: 2018-02-02 words: 2554 flesch: 44 summary: Human hands are too clumsy, human vision is too faint, human memory is too flawed, human minds are too feeble. In order to understand the impact on human existence and human interaction that the Internet of Things will have, it is therefore necessary to take the question of data seriously and to ask what we may all assume to know already: What do data truly mean? keywords: data; environment; human; internet; things; world cache: prajnavihara-3066.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3066.txt item: #197 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3067 author: Chanpradab, Napassorn Jintawiroj; Nimanong, Veerachart title: Thomas Hobbes’ Concept of Sovereignty and its Relevance for Thailand and ASEAN date: 2018-02-02 words: 4643 flesch: 59 summary: Sovereign states or Leviathan are just one type of unit. Before sovereign state, the units were tribe, city state, kingdom, and empire. keywords: concept; hobbes; individual; leviathan; power; social; sovereign; state cache: prajnavihara-3067.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3067.txt item: #198 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3068 author: Santos, Barbara Batista; Giordano, John title: Réne Guénon on the Realization of Traditional Knowledge date: 2018-02-02 words: 6826 flesch: 48 summary: Thus, the metaphysic of Guénon is related to traditional knowledge, which stresses on knowledge in conformity with its nature, where the intellect is supra-rational. It shall be explained that the term ‘spiritual fatherhood’ used by Guénon, stands for ‘ancestor’, “’spiritual fatherhood’ which is the name given to a teacher by the Hindus and which also bears the secondary meaning of ‘ancestor’”.42 Next, let observe us the other constitution of traditional knowledge, which is ‘practice’. keywords: doctrines; guénon; knowledge; metaphysic; realization; rené; tradition; transmission cache: prajnavihara-3068.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3068.txt item: #199 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3069 author: Indralak, Lana; Giordano, John title: Chantal Mouffe and Religious Pluralism: Agonistic Experiments in Non-Western Societies date: 2018-02-02 words: 2904 flesch: 48 summary: PluRAliSM: AGoNiSTiC ExPERiMENTS iN NoN-WESTERN SoCiETiES Lana Indralak and John Giordano Assumption University, Thailand ABstrACt This paper examines questions regarding the alleviation and management of religious conflict. introduction The occurrence of religious conflict around the world is intensi- fying, from the Middle East to South East Asia. keywords: asean; chantal; conflict; mouffe; new; world cache: prajnavihara-3069.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3069.txt item: #200 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3290 author: Chițoiu, Dan title: The Role of Spirituality Today: Between Tradition and Novelty date: 2018-06-12 words: 4041 flesch: 47 summary: It is a description of human capabilities and possibilities in conducting spiritual experiences: a horizon of possibilities and limitations. While this horizon offers an unprecedented possibility, it does not necessarily guarantee a productive dialogue between the Eastern way of understanding spiritual experience and scientific investigation. keywords: experience; knowledge; reality; science; spirituality; trial; way cache: prajnavihara-3290.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3290.txt item: #201 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3291 author: Dahal, Bimal title: On Rationalities of Terrorism from an Eastern Perspective date: 2018-06-12 words: 9462 flesch: 46 summary: It also negates the evolutionary aspect of human rationality in Weberian term. In the same manner, the moral codes and normative legal frameworks of the community dictate human rationality. keywords: action; community; decision; guru; life; making; means; rationalities; rationality; social; terrorism; tradition; understanding; way; world cache: prajnavihara-3291.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3291.txt item: #202 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3292 author: Basyir, Kunawi title: CULTURAL Cooperation and DIALOGUE between Muslims and Hindus in Bali date: 2018-06-12 words: 5659 flesch: 56 summary: That spirit was to be developed by the people of Bali as a form of foundation of interfaith harmony in Denpasar Bali. The purpose of this dialogue was concerned with the welfare of the people of Bali in general and religious people in Denpasar in particular.14 As the condition of religious life in Denpasar is more conducive and there are no signs of significant friction, the subsequent dialogues from 2008 to 20013 were directed to building prosperity in the economic field to support the building of religious life in Denpasar Bali. keywords: bali; balinese; civil; community; cultural; culture; dan; denpasar; dialogue; harmony; hindu; indonesia; islam; jakarta; life; people; social; society cache: prajnavihara-3292.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3292.txt item: #203 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3293 author: Mahatthanadull, Sarita title: On the Application of the Apaṇṇaka Method to Living a Balanced Married Life According to the Samajīvi Sutta date: 2018-06-12 words: 2689 flesch: 71 summary: But a potential question is whether we can prove the existence of a next life? the Belief in the existence of a next life Even though the existence of next life cannot be empirically proved, Buddhism suggests that the belief in a next life as is a worldly right view; And what, bhikkhus, is right view that is affected by the taints, partaking of merit, ripening in the acquisitions? Virtue is connected to abstinence related to the five precepts, that is to say the abstaining from taking life, from taking what is not given, from carnal lusts, from lying, abstains from taking sloth-causing liquors, spirits, and wines. keywords: buddha; life; sri; view; world cache: prajnavihara-3293.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3293.txt item: #204 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3294 author: Marnil, Pisit; Tangyin, Kajornpat title: Fischer’s Semicompatibilism and its Consequences date: 2018-06-12 words: 5457 flesch: 57 summary: Moral responsibility comes from the ability of the agent to identify himself with the second- order desire through the use of reason.5 While the hierarchical approach requires moral responsibility to emerge from these various levels of desire, the non-hierarchical approach does not. Fischer employs the symmetric approach with the intention to solve the asymmetric problems on moral responsibility. keywords: action; agent; case; consequence; fischer; responsibility cache: prajnavihara-3294.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3294.txt item: #205 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3295 author: Saw San Win, Matthias title: Developing Interreligious Dialogue in Myanmar: Reflections on the Vatican Document Educating to Intercultural Dialogue in Catholic Schools date: 2018-06-12 words: 3282 flesch: 51 summary: It is true for Myanmar seminarians who are studying in seminaries that they need to open their eyes to appreciate the beauties shown in various cultures that are quite different from Catholic traditions. Thus, Myanmar seminarians should bear in mind that they are carrying not only Catholic faith but also the rich tradition of the Church and its history. keywords: catholic; dialogue; document; education; myanmar; schools cache: prajnavihara-3295.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3295.txt item: #206 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3519 author: Wongvarn, Manasan; Amnuay-ngerntra, Sompong title: Karen Indigenous Knowledge of Sustainable Resource Management date: 2018-12-11 words: 6131 flesch: 52 summary: Lands are segregated into settlement, agroforestry/mix farm (of wild tea, bee hive, bamboo clumps), community forest, burial ground, shifting cultivation/rotational farming, and paddy field. Karen indigenous knowledge emerges from this relation. keywords: community; conservation; ecological; forest; hin; karen; knowledge; k’nyau; lad; management; nai; people; pgaz; practices; thailand cache: prajnavihara-3519.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3519.txt item: #207 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3520 author: Seran, Alexander title: Market Intervention and Human Rights date: 2018-12-11 words: 4675 flesch: 50 summary: The requires a theory of economic welfare connected to the faith in fundamental human rights. Keywords: Human rights, government intervention, economic welfare, justice Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 19 keywords: economics; government; human; intervention; justice; rights; social; state; theory; welfare cache: prajnavihara-3520.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3520.txt item: #208 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3521 author: Godínez, Héctor Sevilla title: An early History of Nothingness in Philosophical and Theological Thought date: 2018-12-11 words: 5850 flesch: 57 summary: Keywords: Nothingness, God, Being introduction One reason to revive the question of Nothingness is that we have forgotten that it has been an important question in the past. The One is, then, an indirect creator and its creation is free, since “its act does not point toward a determined thing, but rather is identical to itself; not a duality, then, but a unity”.3 The One is preceded by nothingness, for he writes “to nothing it is bound and in no 40 Prajñā Vihāra sense is it contingent, which is why it can be said that it is Nothingness itself.4 Later, in the tradition beginning with Augustine of Hippo, passing through Bonaventure, and Saint Thomas, the topic of Nothingness was excluded from the center of infinite being which they called God. keywords: eckhart; god; man; nada; nietzsche; nothingness; reality cache: prajnavihara-3521.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3521.txt item: #209 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3522 author: Youngmevittaya, Wanpat title: The Morality of Criticism and the Respect of Persons date: 2018-12-11 words: 5285 flesch: 62 summary: Kant does not argue that a person with a good will must abandon his or her sense-based motives (e.g. love, sympathy, etc.) at all, but that a person with a good will must always be motivated by the moral duty itself, while other sense-based motives are simply our own moral choices rather than moral duties, as Kant writes that “it is very beautiful to do good to human beings from love for them and from compassionate benevolence, or to be just from love of order; but this is not yet our conduct’s genuine moral maxim appropriate to our station among rational beings as human beings, when with proud conceit we presume – as volunteers, as it were – to brush aside the thought of duty and, as independent of command, to want to do merely from our own pleasure what we would need no command to do.” For instance, the first-order morality may tell us that we have moral duty to help others, and the second-order morality may further tell us that our moral duty to help others is in our own communities. keywords: good; law; persons; respect cache: prajnavihara-3522.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3522.txt item: #210 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3523 author: Maboloc, Christopher Ryan title: Between East and West: Religion and Morality in the Thought of Nietzsche, Zen Buddhism and Jordan Peterson date: 2018-12-11 words: 7052 flesch: 62 summary: 5 Ibid., 24 6 Friedrich Nietzsche, The Anti-Christ, Translated by Thomas Wayne, (New York: Algora Publishing, 2004), 106. 7 Julian Young, Nietzsche’s Philosophy of Religion, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 179. 40 Braak, Nietzsche and Zen, 13. 41 Peterson, Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief, 152 42 Friedrich Nietzsche, The Will to Power, Translated by Walter Kaufman. keywords: buddhism; human; life; man; meaning; nietzsche; peterson; self; truth; zen cache: prajnavihara-3523.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3523.txt item: #211 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3524 author: Yeehsai, Dayweinda; Giordano, John title: Individual Enlightenment and Social Responsiblity: On the Sociological Interpretations of the Holy Monk Khruba Boonchum date: 2018-12-11 words: 7273 flesch: 59 summary: The practice of Buddhist monks could be understood only by means of Buddhist sociology. These three practices of Buddha have also been inspiring and motivating Buddhist monks to engage in social activities. keywords: boonchum; buddha; buddhist; charisma; concept; khruba; monks; morality; myanmar; perfections; pāramī; society; sociology; sīla; weber cache: prajnavihara-3524.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3524.txt item: #212 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3525 author: Jiaranaidilok, Teerapong; Giordano, John title: Human Autonomy and the Overcoming of Alienation in Immaterial Labor with Reference to Zen Buddhism date: 2018-12-11 words: 3684 flesch: 52 summary: Most of workers engaged in immaterial labor work on his or her laptop whether in their office or at home. It will focus specifically on the concept of immaterial labor and how this effects human autonomy and the consciousness of alienation. keywords: alienation; autonomy; immaterial; labor; production; work; worker cache: prajnavihara-3525.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3525.txt item: #213 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3931 author: Dua, Mikhael; R. P. Ajisuksmo, Clara title: INDONESIAN STUDENT PERSPECTIVES ON A HUMANITY-BASED NATIONALISM date: 2019-06-25 words: 5423 flesch: 49 summary: PrajnaViharaV20N1.indd Mikhael Dua and Clara R. P. Ajisuksmo 1 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 20 no. 1 January to June 2019, 1-17 © 2000 by Assumption University Press INDONESIAN STUDENT PERSPECTIVES ON A HUMANITY-BASED NATIONALISM Mikhael Dua and Clara R. P. Ajisuksmo Atma Jaya Catholic University, Indonesia ABSTRACT Do the Indonesian students revive the radical movements or do they have their own way in grasping nationalism in a globalized-world-perspective? Nationalism took the form of a common spirit to resist colonialism.10 For the students, Soekarno was the main figure of this model of nationalism. keywords: democracy; experience; humanity; indonesian; means; nationalism; pancasila; people; students; values cache: prajnavihara-3931.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3931.txt item: #214 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3932 author: Matsumoto, Fumihiko; Tangyin, Kajornpat title: A TELEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF JOHN HICK’S THREEFOLD TYPOLOGY date: 2019-06-25 words: 7085 flesch: 52 summary: Although Alan Race firstly introduced a tri-polar classification of Christian theology of religions in 1983, Hick elaborated his idea of Religious Pluralism by contrasting it to the other categories of Exclusivism and Inclusivism in an effort to solve the problem of conflicting truth- claims among different religions and to find a common ground among different religions. PrajnaViharaV20N1.indd 18 Prajñā Vihāra A TELEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF JOHN HICK’S THREEFOLD TYPOLOGY Fumihiko Matsumoto and Kajornpat Tangyin Assumption University of Thailand ABSTRACT This research critically investigates the soteriological ground of John Hick’s religious typology and his understanding of Religious Pluralism. keywords: christ; christian; d’costa; god; grounds; hick; john; new; pluralism; reality; religions; typology cache: prajnavihara-3932.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3932.txt item: #215 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3933 author: A. Ibana, Rainier title: BUDDHIST AND KANTIAN ENLIGHTENMENT PROJECTS date: 2019-06-25 words: 3233 flesch: 57 summary: For the Buddha, the ultimate criterion of awakened thinking is a life lived according to the eight fold path while for Kant enlightenment is conditioned by the unshackled freedom to think and to act on one’s own thoughts. Buddha Stories When a woman asked the Buddha to resurrect her dead child keywords: buddha; enlightenment; kant; life; public; right; world cache: prajnavihara-3933.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3933.txt item: #216 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3934 author: Chainiyom, Siwittra; Giordano, John title: ON BITCOIN AND SIMMEL’S IDEA OF PERFECT MONEY date: 2019-06-25 words: 4112 flesch: 58 summary: IDEA OF PERFECT MONEY Siwittra Chainiyom and John Giordano Assumption University, Thailand ABSTRACT Georg Simmel in his book Philosophy of Money, described how money evolves through history and predicted that it will evolve to the point where it no longer relies on any substance. Keywords: Money; Bitcoin; Cryptocurrency; Simmel; Philosophy of Money Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 20 no. 1 January to June 2019, 52-65 © 2000 by Assumption University Press Siwittra Chainiyom and John Giordano 53 Introduction Georg Simmel in his book Philosophy of Money,1 written in 1907, described how money evolves through history towards the point where it no longer relies on any substance. keywords: bitcoin; currency; money; philosophy; simmel; society; state; value cache: prajnavihara-3934.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3934.txt item: #217 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3935 author: Nadarajan, Thesigan; Clark, Michael title: TOWARDS A NEO-ARISTOTELIAN ACCOUNT OF PHILOSOPHICAL COUNSELING date: 2019-06-25 words: 2932 flesch: 58 summary: This would be one of the purposes of philosophical counseling: to make 70 Prajñā Vihāra one see the rightness or wrongness of ones internalized moral beliefs. Scenario 1: Political Decision Making Mr. A who is a newly elected member of parliament comes in for counseling. As a philosophical counselor, I am merely a moderator who is there to guide Mr. A to bring about inner harmony by synchronizing his moral beliefs and values with his political decision making and actions that would bring inner moral harmony of his inner conflicts. keywords: aristotle; beliefs; counseling; ethics; eudaimonia cache: prajnavihara-3935.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3935.txt item: #218 of 312 id: prajnavihara-3936 author: Techakesari, Chavakorn; Tangyin, Kajornpat title: SERVICE-LEARNING AND COMMUNITY: A CASE STUDY OF A UNIVERSITY AUDIO-BOOK PROGRAM FOR THE BLIND date: 2019-06-25 words: 2872 flesch: 60 summary: Also, in the presentations for sharing their experience with other students, the representatives of one group mentioned that all are connected to each other and it is our job and responsibility to promote the justice and opportunities to other communities especially the least advantaged in society. As per T. Stanton writes, it is to provide services to others (especially the less advantaged in a community), to undergo community development, individual and community empowerment; and simultaneously “determines the purpose, nature and process of social and educational exchange between learners (students as service providers) and the people they serve”11. keywords: community; ethics; learning; service; students; university cache: prajnavihara-3936.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-3936.txt item: #219 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4412 author: Supraja, Muhamad; Al-Akbar, Nuruddin title: MOCOPAT SYAFAAT: FROM NEO-SUFISM TOWARD A NEW CIVILIZATION date: 2020-01-06 words: 3602 flesch: 49 summary: One such movement is the neo-Sufi movement of Emha Ainun Najib called the Mocopat Syafaat Emha Therefore, such study forums have the potential to produce people who not only value multicultural differences, but are also critical thinkers and live a reflective life. keywords: community; emha; islamic; madjid; mocopat; movement; neo; sufism; syafaat cache: prajnavihara-4412.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4412.txt item: #220 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4413 author: S. Kahambing, Jan Gresil title: JEAN-LUC MARION’S PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE ICON AS AN APOLOGIA FOR QUIAPO’S BLACK NAZARENE TRASLACIÓN date: 2020-01-06 words: 6043 flesch: 62 summary: Marion’s phenomenology proceeds to liberate phenomena from the clutch and prejudices of this “I,” allowing the saturated phenomenon to reveal itself. Marion’s phenomenology can complement Jan Gresil S. Kahambing 19 theology by freeing phenomena from prior conceptions: the religious phenomenon of the Traslación must not only be viewed as devotees worshipping Christ but its iconic representation has to be considered as a surprising religious phenomenon in itself. keywords: god; icon; idol; jean; luc; luc marion; marion; phenomenology; phenomenon; press; university cache: prajnavihara-4413.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4413.txt item: #221 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4414 author: Herawati, Andi; Rachmawati Syarif, Andi title: RELIGION AND CREATIVE IMAGINATION: RELIGIOUS REPRESENTATION IN I. B. SINGER’S IN MY FATHER’S COURT AND THE SHADOW-THEATER (WAYANG) IN INDONESIA date: 2020-01-06 words: 5145 flesch: 53 summary: Although the two “religious arts” and representation may not have a close historical connection, I will show that they both involve similar creative features to bring out unsuspected dimensions of religious life, suggesting important insights for the study of religion. First, it is important to explore the features of Singer’s book to see what is shared with the shadow-puppet performance, by looking at the representation of religious life through stories which relate the everyday life in his childhood Polish Jewish community. keywords: andi; father; javanese; life; people; religion; singer; stories; theater; wayang cache: prajnavihara-4414.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4414.txt item: #222 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4415 author: Amugen, Martyn title: CLASSICAL GREEK ARCHITECTURE AT THE END OF HISTORY: ON HEGEL AND GREEK ARCHITECTURE date: 2020-01-06 words: 3805 flesch: 63 summary: The need for philosophy and theology represents a disruption of the harmony of classical Greek art since art is never entirely divorced from religion. We will argue that although the metaphysical underpinnings of Greek art have largely been obscured by modernity, there are still traces, metaphysical underpinnings that appeal to the Intellect and Spirituality of man. keywords: appeal; art; classicism; greek; hegel; ibid; spirit cache: prajnavihara-4415.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4415.txt item: #223 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4416 author: Tipkrailash, Pattarawin; Clark, Michael title: THE TRIAL OF COMMANDER DATA date: 2020-01-06 words: 2897 flesch: 69 summary: The episode begins with Commander Maddock, who is researching the work of Dr. Noonian Soong (the creator of Commander Data) in order to produce a replica of the ‘Positron Brain’ that gives Data his astonishing computation capability and personality. Commander Data is an android. keywords: commander; data; maddock; man; star; value cache: prajnavihara-4416.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4416.txt item: #224 of 312 id: prajnavihara-4417 author: Qin, Zenyu; Wang, Shang-Wen title: ZHOU DUNYI’S CONCEPT OF TAIJI IN THE TAIJI TUSHUO date: 2020-01-06 words: 7665 flesch: 69 summary: Key words: Taiji, Taiji Diagram, Taiji Tushuo, Zhou Dunyi, Neo-Confucianism Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 20 no. 2 July to December 2019, 70-93 © 2000 by Assumption University Press Zenyu Qin and Shang-Wen Wang 71 Introduction Zhou Dunyi (1017-1073 A.D.), with Maoshu (茂叔) as his courtesy name, was born during the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1279 A.D.), and was later known as “Lianxi Xiansheng” (濂溪先生)1 .He was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, in this academic atmosphere the scholars who were earlier, at the same time or later with Zhou Dunyi thought that Taiji was Qi, and the Taiji in Taiji Tushuo should not exceed this range. keywords: confucian; confucianism; dao; dunyi; dynasty; taiji; taiji tushuo; tushuo; yang; yin; zhou; zhou dunyi cache: prajnavihara-4417.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-4417.txt item: #225 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5247 author: Hidayat, Ferry title: ON BUDAYA AND THE RE-SACRALIZATION OF INDONESIAN CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY date: 2021-01-09 words: 9618 flesch: 46 summary: Sebaliknya, suasana bahasa daerah sebagai suasana lanjutan kebudayaan yang lama. Di dalam kongres B.U. berkali-kali (sampai menjemukan) kebudayaan dan seni Jawa (?) dibicarakan. keywords: al-‘aql; al-‘aql al; anthropology; bahasa; budaya; buddhayah; buddhi; budi; concept; cultural; culture; dan; ferry; hidayat; hindu; human; ibid; indonesia; intellect; jakarta; july; kbbi; kebudayaan; light; modern; new; nûr; religion; takdir; yang cache: prajnavihara-5247.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5247.txt item: #226 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5248 author: A. Ibana, Rainier title: CONFUCIAN MORAL EDUCATION IN THE TA HSUEH AND THE ANALECTS date: 2021-01-09 words: 4672 flesch: 55 summary: Fidelity to family life and traditions was therefore held to be almost sacred. When family relations are preferred over that of others, authoritarian political power will not be too far behind. keywords: analects; chapter; education; family; human; order; people; social cache: prajnavihara-5248.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5248.txt item: #227 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5249 author: Dua, Mikhael title: RELIGION-BASED-VIOLENCE AND THE MORAL FOUNDATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS date: 2021-01-09 words: 4769 flesch: 51 summary: 48 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 21 no. 2 July to December RELIGION-BASED-VIOLENCE AND THE MORAL FOUNDATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Mikhael Dua Atma Jaya Catholic University, Indonesia ABSTRACT The relation between religion and human rights has becomes ambiguous. In the past, religion had inspired the idea of human rights. keywords: arendt; concept; foundation; harris; human; life; new; religion; rights; violence; world cache: prajnavihara-5249.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5249.txt item: #228 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5255 author: Nweke Okafor, Emmanuel title: THE CONCEPT OF CHI IN THE IGBO PHILOSOPHY OF THE PERSON date: 2021-01-09 words: 6752 flesch: 61 summary: In this regard, Ezedike suggests that: Another important aspect of Igbo life view is the unity of life as the centre of cohesion and solidarity. Furthermore, describing other aspects of Igbo thought in chi most conveniently in its relation to identity construction and self-actualization in the Igbo world holds some elements of absolute which also suggests that Igbo community is simply a place to actualize the self. keywords: african; chi; community; concept; god; human; igbo; individual; life; person; press; self cache: prajnavihara-5255.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5255.txt item: #229 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5256 author: Kuvera; Tangyin, Kajornpat title: UNDERSTANDING MEHM TIN MON’S INTERPRETATION OF ALOBHA (NON-GREED) AND THE PRACTICE OF GENEROSITY date: 2021-01-09 words: 3114 flesch: 64 summary: Generosity of a theatrical display, woman-generosity, bull-generosity, painting-generosity, weapon generosity, poison, leg-iron-generosity, fowl-pig- generosity, generosity of false weighing and false measure. Regarding the simplicity of such generosity, Aye Naing writes: keywords: alobha; generosity; mon; script; tin; vol; yangon cache: prajnavihara-5256.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5256.txt item: #230 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5257 author: Vinayaparla, U.; Giordano, John title: OVERCOMING THE PASSIONS IN SPINOZA: A BUDDHIST READING date: 2021-01-09 words: 4222 flesch: 63 summary: Likewise, Buddhism can clarify Spinoza philosophy to show that the rejection of such passions as pity is not the rejection of compassion and kindness. In Spinoza we achieve enlightenment when we recognize that we are a part of a single substance which has its own order and necessity. keywords: buddhist; compassion; freedom; god; order; passions; spinoza; university cache: prajnavihara-5257.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5257.txt item: #231 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5258 author: Fayang , Huang; Clark, Michael title: SOME WITTGENSTEINIAN REFLECTIONS ON TRANSLATION PRACTICE IN A CHINESE CONTEXT date: 2021-01-09 words: 2307 flesch: 48 summary: In Wittgenstein’s framework, the words with which we communicate are props in ‘language games’ and you will only understand the language being used if you are able to play the game. It is too narrow to translate Sprachspiel into language game while too broad into language activities, comparatively the first one will be better. keywords: context; games; language; meaning; translation; wittgenstein cache: prajnavihara-5258.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5258.txt item: #232 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5545 author: Buaban, Jesada title: ON MASTURBATION: RELIGIOUS PURITY AND INSTITUTIONAL HEGEMONY IN ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS AND BUDDHISM date: 2021-07-01 words: 5131 flesch: 60 summary: The findings reveal that the primary sources used to condemn masturbation in Abrahamic religion is not clear, and so it should not be considered dogmatically. 22 no. 1 January to June 2021, 55-70 © 2000 by Assumption University Press ON MASTURBATION: RELIGIOUS PURITY AND INSTITUTIONAL HEGEMONY IN ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS AND BUDDHISM Jesada Buaban1 ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the attitudes to masturbation in the Abrahamic religions and Buddhism. keywords: buddhism; god; islam; january; journal; life; masturbation; religions; sex; vol cache: prajnavihara-5545.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5545.txt item: #233 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5548 author: Stamm, Mikael title: GLIMPSES OF TRUTH IN A SEA OF NESCIENCE: REFLECTIONS ON EREIGNIS IN ART IN WÖLFLI, HEIDEGGER AND ADVAITA VEDĀNTA date: 2021-07-01 words: 6545 flesch: 55 summary: 1-13. 31 Morgenthaler 1985, 13-16. 32 Impressum, “Adolf Wölfli: Werk“, adolfwoelfli.ch, Adolf Wölfli Stiftung, 20-05-2021, https://www.adolfwoelfli.ch/werk 33 Morgenthaler, 1985, p.48, and Spoerri, Elka. 2012. Adolf Wölfli Stiftung. keywords: adolf; art; beyng; figure; heidegger; mikael; nescience; self; stamm; truth; world; wölfli cache: prajnavihara-5548.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5548.txt item: #234 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5549 author: Jing, Wang; Giordano, John title: THE ESSENCE OF KANYU IN FENG SHUI AND THE TOMBS OF THE CHINESE EMPERORS date: 2021-07-01 words: 4350 flesch: 63 summary: Therefore the basic tools for selecting the location of tomb spaces in Geomancy are the compass (also called a needle plate) and the Ding Lan ruler.5 114 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. It can demonstrate the significance of sacred space for contemporary humanity. keywords: chinese; geomancy; location; mountain; press; sacred; space; tomb; valley; water cache: prajnavihara-5549.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5549.txt item: #235 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5550 author: Chabootbuntharik, Wichian; Giordano, John title: DEVELOPING LIFE-QUALITY INDICATORS FOR THE PHILOSOPHY OF SUFFICIENCY ECONOMY BASED UPON BUDHHADHAMMA date: 2021-07-01 words: 3672 flesch: 56 summary: The leaders of various countries and international organizations including Kofi Annan, the former secretary-general of the United Nations, had an audience of His Majesty the King Bhumibul Adulyadej and admired his philosophy of sufficiency economy and believed it appropriate not only to Thais but also to people worldwide.7 The results of sufficiency economy upon happiness is based upon how life is lived or practice. Although, sufficiency economy is a philosophy based on the fundamental principle of agriculture, which is traditionally the occupation of most people in Thai society, it can also be applied to other professions. keywords: economy; happiness; indicators; life; philosophy; quality; sufficiency cache: prajnavihara-5550.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5550.txt item: #236 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5947 author: Lana Indralak title: SUFI ISLAM AND SYNCRETISM IN JAVA: AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR LOCAL SECULARISM date: 2021-12-20 words: 3742 flesch: 40 summary: 6 Stephen C Headley, “Durga’s Mosque : Cosmology, Conversion and Community in Central Javanese Islam”, 10-11. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, “Salafist Transformations Significance, Implications and Prospects”, 22. 10 สุรชาติ บำารุงสุข, “แนวคิด-ยุทธวิธี ขบวนการก่อการร้าย เจไอ (JI : Jemaah Islamiyah)”, 16. 11 สุรชาติ บำารุงสุข, “แนวคิด-ยุทธวิธี ขบวนการก่อการร้าย เจไอ (JI : Jemaah Islamiyah)”, 16. 12 Wiwi Siti Sajaroh, Sarah Hajar Mahmudah, “The Role of Philosophical Mysticism in Islamic Indigenization in Java”, 6. 13 Stephen C Headley, “Durga’s Mosque : Cosmology, Conversion and Community in Central Javanese Islam” 10-11. keywords: central; cultural; indonesia; islam; java; javanese; mysticism; secularism; tolerance cache: prajnavihara-5947.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5947.txt item: #237 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5948 author: Pornthep Chawla title: DEFENDING MENTAL CAUSATION BY APPEALING TO GROUNDING date: 2021-12-20 words: 4032 flesch: 56 summary: Brown (2016) summarized: Narrow mental content is a kind of mental content that does not depend on an individual’s environment. But still, if the causal grounding thesis is true, then the ontological innocence of grounded mental events passes directly over to the causal relations that those mental events enter into. keywords: causal; causation; content; grounding; physical; physicalism cache: prajnavihara-5948.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5948.txt item: #238 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5949 author: Beng Keong, Lim title: THE EMANCIPATION FROM SUFFERING IN MAHAYANA BUDDHISM AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY MENTAL HEALTH date: 2021-12-20 words: 3519 flesch: 46 summary: Scholars in the humanities continue to pursue questions of meaning and interpretation of suffering, and in science there is still no solution for the emancipation of human suffering. 22 no. 2 July to December 2021 Introduction The subject of human suffering and its removal is an old philosophical problem. keywords: bodhisattva; emptiness; men; self; suffering; sutra; wisdom cache: prajnavihara-5949.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5949.txt item: #239 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5950 author: Nyartika title: THE CONNECTION BETWEEN HAPPINESS AND PRACTICE IN BUDDHISM AND ARISTOTELIAN PHILOSOPHY date: 2021-12-20 words: 3123 flesch: 62 summary: 22 no. 2 July to December 2021, 94-104 © 2000 by Assumption University Press Nyartika 95 Buddhism, happiness is often understood within the framework of the Four Noble Truths and in terms of the development and practice of mental equanimity.1 Happiness for Aristotle’s is living in accordance with virtue.2 An action must be self-sufficient and directed towards an absolute end, “that which is good in itself and never for the sake of anything else.” In Buddhism, happiness starts with an understanding of the root causes of suffering.4 Happiness is not merely a means to the end of human life, but it is a continual factor in this quest, since when a human is unhappy, they will be affected negatively from their actions. keywords: aristotle; buddhism; ethics; happiness; life; oxford; press; university cache: prajnavihara-5950.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5950.txt item: #240 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5952 author: Siriphong Kharuphankit title: PHRA PHIRAP (THE BHAIRAVA ŚIVA OF THAILAND) date: 2021-12-20 words: 5402 flesch: 75 summary: 22 no. 2 July to December 2021, 1-25 © 2000 by Assumption University Press PHRA PHIRAP (THE BHAIRAVA ŚIVA OF THAILAND)1 Siriphong Kharuphankit Translated by Phatsara Phongphit, Veerachart Nimanong, and John T. Giordano Abstracts Phra Phirap is the Thai version of the Bhairava Śiva. The knowledge concerning Phra Phirap or the Thai version of the Bhairava Śiva. keywords: bhairava; dance; december; deity; katha; kharuphankit; khoehichongmā; khru; ongphrapirādhaṁ; phirap; phra; phra phirap; siriphong; vol; śiva cache: prajnavihara-5952.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5952.txt item: #241 of 312 id: prajnavihara-5953 author: Siriphong Kharuphankit title: THINGS THAT REMAIN IN MY HEART date: 2021-12-20 words: 11323 flesch: 79 summary: Besides, mother was acquainted with many senior music teachers. 22 no. 2 July to December 2021 performers, and can bequeath his authority to other teachers. keywords: arjan; ceremony; chinese; day; empress; exhibition; house; khon; khru; mother; music; phra; school; siriphong; students; teacher; time; work cache: prajnavihara-5953.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5953.txt item: #242 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6589 author: Victor John Malco Loquias title: FROM IDENTITY ASSERTION TO A PARTICIPATIVE POLITICAL CULTURE: INDIGENIZING PHILOSOPHY IN THE BIKOL REGION OF THE PHILIPPINES date: 2022-06-27 words: 5733 flesch: 47 summary: Indigeneity could be described as the relative site of the experience of social recognition. We begin our quest for Philosophy, therefore, by means of a sympathetic interpretation of the ideas and linguistic utterances that emerge in daily life.3 It is Wilmer Joseph Tria however who introduced a full-blown methodology on how to proceed in developing indigenous philosophies. keywords: axel; critique; honneth; ibid; identity; justice; philosophy; recognition; society; values cache: prajnavihara-6589.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6589.txt item: #243 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6590 author: Ahsan, Abbas title: RECONCILING GOD’S OMNISCIENCE WITH TIME AND SPACE: A CASE FOR ISLAMIC ATOMISM date: 2022-06-27 words: 3346 flesch: 60 summary: A91um4xxh_ayh0li_4hc.tmp 24 RECONCILING GOD’S OMNISCIENCE WITH TIME AND SPACE: A CASE FOR ISLAMIC ATOMISM Abbas Ahsan1 ABSTRACT My aim in the course of this paper will be an attempt to reconcile the view that God is unrestrained by time and space [ ] along with apparent a particular issue concerning a timeless God and His knowledge of particulars and universals. The paper will demonstrate how this approach manages to Keywords: Islamic Atomism; God; omniscience; time and space When we talk about God in the traditional sense we usually refer to Him, quite intuitively, as a being that always was, is, and will be. keywords: change; god; oxford; time cache: prajnavihara-6590.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6590.txt item: #244 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6591 author: Demsar, Chitchanok Wanroek title: A LAYMAN’S GUIDE TO EXPERT OPINION date: 2022-06-27 words: 4778 flesch: 64 summary: There are other views, however, that Lackey and Stewart might consider non-authoritarian, or adviser views, that would be considered authoritarian views in my sense, if they put enough weight on expert testimony, and enough emphasis on deference to expert testimony. Chitchanok Wanroek Demsar 1 ABSTRACT In this paper I will contrast two views of expert testimony, an authoritarian view and a libertarian view. keywords: authoritarian; consensus; expert; information; layman; testimony; view cache: prajnavihara-6591.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6591.txt item: #245 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6592 author: Moeisawat, Sureeporn; Sriwarakuel, Warayuth title: YOGA PRACTICE AS A COMPLEMENT TO SAMATHA MEDITATION date: 2022-06-27 words: 4080 flesch: 67 summary: Increasingly, laypeple and religious people are integrating yoga practice with Samatha meditation, to promote physical and mental health. 58 The Integration of Yoga practice and Samatha Meditation As previously mentioned, yoga practice and Samatha meditation or Meditative mind are universal forms that everyone can do; they are not limited by religious considerations. keywords: bangkok; breathing; meditation; mind; people; practice; samatha; yoga cache: prajnavihara-6592.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6592.txt item: #246 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6593 author: Narada, Nath; Giordano, John T. title: REREADING THE THREE WORLDS ACCORDING TO KING RUANG BASED UPON ITS ROOTS IN THE TIPITAKA date: 2022-06-27 words: 8990 flesch: 56 summary: In this study, both methods have been applied to reread the Three namely the gap in the premodern perspective or traditional understanding the afterlife does not exist) can be solved by the interpretation based Three Worlds concept is in line with the orthodox doctrine of Buddhism despite the fact that it contains several supernatural beliefs which could perspective can be solved by bringing historical and psychological context 103 Worlds is bound with the history of Thailand. Keywords: Tebhumikatha; Three Worlds According to King Ruang; Thai Buddhist Cosmology Introduction The Three Worlds According to King Ruang ( )1 is a Thai literary work concerning with Theravada Buddhist cosmology. keywords: buddhist; concept; interpretation; king; lithai; meaning; mind; nibbana; people; text; theravada; understanding; worlds cache: prajnavihara-6593.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6593.txt item: #247 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6594 author: Kritzinger, Armin; Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE IN LAST GENERATION THEOLOGY FOR SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS date: 2022-06-27 words: 3883 flesch: 66 summary: “Caesar” refers to civil government as Caesar constituted the civil government of that day, and thus Jesus taught that we owe civil duties to the civil government. Religious duties pertain to God only, and thus civil government have no businesses with man’s personal faith and religion. keywords: church; god; government; people; power; separation; state cache: prajnavihara-6594.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6594.txt item: #248 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6595 author: Thiendej, Peeraput; Giordano, John T. title: THE ETHICS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN THE AREA OF PHARMACEUTICAL DRUGS AND VACCINES DURING TIMES OF PANDEMICS date: 2022-06-27 words: 2502 flesch: 52 summary: If vaccines patents are waived in the time there is a similar emergency? Therefore, the health of the Conclusion The issue of vaccine patents has now become a symbol of a fragmented society. keywords: commons; pharmaceutical; property; rights; vaccines cache: prajnavihara-6595.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6595.txt item: #249 of 312 id: prajnavihara-6597 author: Qi, Wang; Giordano, John T.; Shang-wen, Wang title: THE CYCLIC WHOLENESS OF BING, TAO AND LAW IN SUN TZU’S THE ART OF WAR date: 2022-06-27 words: 5967 flesch: 66 summary: is the “Grand Tao” ( ) and its changes, its meaning approximates the ancient Greek terminology - Laws of Nature or the Universe, and has two levels of meaning: unity (oneness or wholeness); and combined with The second level of meaning: the harmonized dialectic changes of Yin ( ) and Yang ( ) within the united circle or dynamic There are many descriptions about this layer of “Tao.” Grand Tao is oneness / wholeness, and within it, its own movements and changes are naturally of the Yin- Yang dialectic, so that every movement leading to survival or to ruin is a chosen of the movement of Tao. keywords: bing; chapter; chinese; law; military; people; sun; tao; tzu; use cache: prajnavihara-6597.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-6597.txt item: #250 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7143 author: Kølle, Anders title: HOLBEIN’S AMBASSADORS: ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL ABSTRACTION AND CONCRETIZATION OF DEATH date: 2023-01-06 words: 4069 flesch: 57 summary: In his book of still life paintings in the following way: Still life is in a sense the great anti-Albertian genre. ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL ABSTRACTION AND CONCRETIZATION OF DEATH Anders Kølle1 ABSTRACT Although Hans Holbein´s painting , 1533, has been the object of much interest and research, the remains largely unexplored, or has played only a peripheral role in the investigations. keywords: ambassadors; death; heidegger; life; new; objects; painting; space cache: prajnavihara-7143.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7143.txt item: #251 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7144 author: Basyir, Kunawi; Yohanes, Yulanda Trisula Sidarta title: THE DYNAMICS OF RELIGIOUS IDEOLOGICAL MOVEMENTS IN THE CITY OF SURABAYA INDONESIA date: 2023-01-06 words: 5403 flesch: 44 summary: This religious attitude requires cooperation between religious communities in dealing with actual problems of life such as poverty, violence, and values between religions.26 However, it must be realized that the religious understanding of our society still relies on a normative approach, resulting in fertile ground for radical groups. In addition, this activity can at the same time strengthen communication between religious communities in Surabaya. keywords: city; community; groups; indonesia; islamic; jakarta; life; movement; religion; social; society; surabaya cache: prajnavihara-7144.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7144.txt item: #252 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7145 author: Esan, Oluwatobi David; Adedoja, Adekunle Muhydeen title: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IDEA OF THE ‘IDEAL MAN’ IN CONFUCIAN AND YORUBA THOUGHT date: 2023-01-06 words: 3497 flesch: 65 summary: Needless to say that the concept of good man enhances a humanist philosophy that enables a better life. This perspective helps us understand Omoluabi in Yoruba culture better because it teaches people how to be self-disciplined and responsible in both their private and public lives, which is a quality that wins respect in Yoruba society. keywords: character; concept; confucius; ideal; man; person; yoruba cache: prajnavihara-7145.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7145.txt item: #253 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7146 author: Tangyin, Kajornpat title: COMPASSION FOR THE OTHER IN LEVINAS AND BUDDHISM: THE CASE OF THE BODHISATTVA date: 2023-01-06 words: 2473 flesch: 65 summary: The second is to prevent the exploitation by humans of other living beings and of nature. The discussion of this question throughout the ages has ranged from asking whether my neighbor is the Jew, through whether he is any and every other human being including my enemy, to whether he is to this question would be if we ask not only whether his concept of the neighbor includes God, a question that, in the light of one interpretation of the belief in the death of 60 God, might be deemed by some to purely academic, but the nonhuman animal.24 given to other creatures. keywords: levinas; press; trans; university cache: prajnavihara-7146.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7146.txt item: #254 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7147 author: Holger, Lammert; Giordano, John T. title: COMPASSION AND ATTACHMENT: A COMPARISON OF MAX SCHELER AND THERAVĀDA BUDDHISM date: 2023-01-06 words: 2709 flesch: 60 summary: 6 for a Multidimensional Approach.,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44, no. 1 (1983): pp. 113-126, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113, 113. 7 Rodrigo Peñaloza, “Max Scheler on Compassion (Rodrigo Peñaloza, May 2013),” Medium (Medium, November 12, 2020), https://milesmithrae.medium.com/ max-scheler-on-compassion-rodrigo-pe%C3%B1aloza-may-2013-444650ef91d2. 9 Rodrigo Peñaloza, “Max Scheler on Compassion (Rodrigo Peñaloza, May 2013),” Medium (Medium, November 12, 2020), https://milesmithrae.medium.com/ max-scheler-on-compassion-rodrigo-pe%C3%B1aloza-may-2013-444650ef91d2. keywords: attachment; buddhist; compassion; empathy; feeling; max; scheler cache: prajnavihara-7147.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7147.txt item: #255 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7148 author: Obhasa; Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: THE CONCEPT OF NON-SELF IN THERAVADA BUDDHISM AND ITS RELATION TO HUMAN BEHAVIOR date: 2023-01-06 words: 2702 flesch: 56 summary: Shin explains that by stressing the importance of viewing things, events, and phenomena from a non-self-perspective, Buddhism steers us away from all forms of desires and passion, allowing 2 Van Gordon et al. expound further on this point of view noting, “the concept of Anatta clings to the belief that the state of delusional self or the art of being obsessed with 3 Based on such a viewpoint, the use of Anatta in Western philosophy and psychology could help in helping people overcome stress and its resulting negative emotions. 23 no. 2 July to December 2022, 81-94 © 2000 by Assumption University Press THE CONCEPT OF NON-SELF IN THERAVADA BUDDHISM AND ITS RELATION TO HUMAN BEHAVIOR Obhasa and Mohammad Manzoor Malik ABSTRACT Anatta or non-self is one of the most important concepts in how a follower of Buddhism experiences the world and Anatta to contemporary society to understand how it can contribute to the improvement of human behavior and psychotherapy. keywords: anatta; buddhism; concept; ibid; non; self cache: prajnavihara-7148.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7148.txt item: #256 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7149 author: Zhang, Zhiwu; Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: ANALYSIS OF FREEDOM AND THOUGHT IN DESCARTES’ PHILOSOPHY AND ITS INFLUENCE date: 2023-01-06 words: 1365 flesch: 64 summary: From this point of view, Descartes tried to separate his thinking from moral thinking and political thinking, and his real intention was to seek purely philosophical pure philosophy would be distinct from cconcrete legal philosophy, moral philosophy, political philosophy, and religious philosophy. Many thinkers searched for the root cause of human error in terms of politics, morality or religion, but Descartes searched for this reason from the perspective of philosophical thinking. keywords: descartes; philosophy; thinking cache: prajnavihara-7149.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7149.txt item: #257 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7336 author: Rajarajan, Kesava title: ŚVETĀRAṆYA OF SOUTH INDIAN ŚAIVISM date: 2023-04-12 words: 3383 flesch: 85 summary: 40 South be extolled; Lord of all countries be Praised” ( ll. From several s are located on the West Coast (Rajarajan 2020, 2020a, - -Wild, cf. keywords: devotees; hymns; kalidos; lord; rajarajan; temple; thou; university cache: prajnavihara-7336.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7336.txt item: #258 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7337 author: Maboloc, Christopher Ryan Baquero title: BEYOND PROXIMITY AND SUBSTITUTION: LEVINAS ON TRANSCENDENCE date: 2023-04-12 words: 5229 flesch: 67 summary: It is not enough to “think about” doing the good for other people. Emmanuel Levinas, whose approach to ethics is phenomenological, outlines a departure from Heideggerian ontology. keywords: ego; emmanuel; ethics; face; history; levinas; love; world cache: prajnavihara-7337.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7337.txt item: #259 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7338 author: Evans, Stephen title: PHENOMENOLOGY AS FINDINGNESS: THINKING WITH HEIDEGGER date: 2023-04-12 words: 5991 flesch: 56 summary: 57 Haugeland, , 143. Heidegger, , 134, Note 2. 59 Gerhard Thornhauser, “Martin Heidegger and Otto Freidrich Boll,” in , eds. It is a means of gathering what Heidegger calls “phenomenological facts.” keywords: consciousness; dasein; entities; heidegger; ibid; phenomenology; self; world cache: prajnavihara-7338.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7338.txt item: #260 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7339 author: Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: HUMAN HEART (QALB) IN ISLAMIC ETHICS: A PERSPECTIVE FROM THE QURAN AND SUNNAH date: 2023-04-12 words: 2996 flesch: 70 summary: Furthermore, the Prophet (SAW) advised to pray, “Say: O Allah, indeed I seek refuge in … the evil of my tongue and the evil of my heart….”34 89 Ethical Decision-Making and the Heart Understanding by heart is essential; eyes become useless if hearts lack their cognitive capacities. However, in Islam heart becomes morally responsible only when it puts its whispering into action. keywords: allah; ethics; heart; islamic; prophet cache: prajnavihara-7339.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7339.txt item: #261 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7340 author: Chettry, Soba; Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: THE COMPLEMENTARIAN POSITION ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE BIBLE: A DEFENSE date: 2023-04-12 words: 2409 flesch: 66 summary: The main focus will be on the understanding and interpretation of Bible verse (Gal 3:28). 24 no. 1 January to June 2023, 93-104 © 2000 by Assumption University Press Soba Chettry and Mohammad Manzoor Malik ABSTRACT There are two contrasting positions concerning status of women built on Biblical verses: Egalitarians and Complementarians. keywords: christ; god; john; niv; women cache: prajnavihara-7340.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7340.txt item: #262 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7341 author: Nyānavamsa; Malik, Mohammad Manzoor title: UNDERSTANDING DEATH AND DYING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THERAVĀDA BUDDHISM WITH AN EMPHASIS ON SCHOLARSHIP FROM MYANMAR date: 2023-04-12 words: 3481 flesch: 66 summary: Keywords: Death, Dying, Buddhism, Nibbana, Maynamar in both Sanskrit and Pali is a term for death. By death is meant the extinction of psychic life Death is not the complete annihilation of a being. keywords: consciousness; death; kamma; life; mind; moment; process cache: prajnavihara-7341.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7341.txt item: #263 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7349 author: Jiang, Yi; Giordano, John T. title: WALTER BENJAMIN ON THE RIGHT TO BE REPRODUCED: HUMAN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH VIDEO TECHNOLOGY date: 2023-04-12 words: 3162 flesch: 54 summary: The rise of citizen journalism has made traditional news media no longer the sole source of information and the holder of discourse, enhancing public participation in news accounts obtained by professional journalists to “weaving the narrative from existing sources.” Regardless of whether it is traditional news media or citizen journalism, the accuracy of news and information is of utmost importance. keywords: benjamin; information; media; news; people; technology; tiktok cache: prajnavihara-7349.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7349.txt item: #264 of 312 id: prajnavihara-745 author: Menamparampil, Thomas title: Becoming Bridge-Builders in Periods of Transition: Towards a Communion of Civilizations in Our Times date: 2015-03-08 words: 13532 flesch: 63 summary: 6“What we learn and what we think can affect other people by morphic resonance. Could we seek balance with regard to other human interests as well? 14. keywords: civilizations; communities; community; good; history; human; life; menamparampil; need; new; people; prajna; sachs; self; society; things; times; today; values; vihara; violence; way; world cache: prajnavihara-745.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-745.txt item: #265 of 312 id: prajnavihara-746 author: Tongdong, Bai title: A Confucian Version of Hybrid Regime: How Does It Work and Why is It Superior? date: 2015-03-08 words: 13968 flesch: 54 summary: Four problems with democracy The majority of people all over the world may still believe that liberal democracy is the best possible regime, the “end of history”, as Francis Fukuyama’s famous book’s title suggests (1992). We can see this from the concept of “reasonable”, as well as the related concepts of public reason and reciprocity, that are crucial to his understanding of liberal democracy in his later philosophy. keywords: china; citizens; confu; democracy; education; fact; form; government; house; interests; people; person; public; rawls; regime; state; vote cache: prajnavihara-746.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-746.txt item: #266 of 312 id: prajnavihara-747 author: Xirong, He title: A Contemporary Reflection on the Chinese Traditional Mode of Thinking date: 2015-03-08 words: 4365 flesch: 64 summary: Zhongdao (中道 the middle road or the middle course), the mode of Chinese traditional thinking, avoids the Western dualism and it considers Tian (天 heaven), Di (地 earth) and human beings as being a whole. For instance, Chinese traditional thinking is good at shaping an integral, systematic and active grasping of the world and of things, and Chinese medicine, Qigong and Chinese health preserving are rooted in a valuable form of thinking that emphasizes intuition, the blurring of sharp distinctions and dialectics. keywords: china; chinese; confucius; middle; mode; people; thinking; way; zhongdao cache: prajnavihara-747.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-747.txt item: #267 of 312 id: prajnavihara-748 author: B. Dy, Jr., Manuel title: Confucian Ethics in Modern Society: Appropriating Confucianism in Contemporary Discourses date: 2015-03-08 words: 6902 flesch: 63 summary: For other people see him as if they see his very heart. This is because the man of noble character must first possess a quality 100 Prajna Vihara __ __ ~ within himself before he can demand it of other men, and he must himself be free of certain undesirable trait before he can censure it in others. keywords: family; good; hsueh; man; nature; people; state; translation; world cache: prajnavihara-748.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-748.txt item: #268 of 312 id: prajnavihara-749 author: Kang, Ouyang title: World Complexity, Value Conflicts, Human Wisdoms date: 2015-03-08 words: 2728 flesch: 57 summary: The conflict between traditional Chinese values and the mod- ern Western values. China should try to combine traditional Chinese values with Western values. keywords: china; chinese; problems; values; world cache: prajnavihara-749.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-749.txt item: #269 of 312 id: prajnavihara-750 author: Guangchun, Fan title: Taoist Ecology in the Context of the Global Climate Crisis date: 2015-03-08 words: 3831 flesch: 58 summary: In accordance with ecological Taoist temples activities, we should comply with San Bao in Lao Zi’s Tao De Ting, which involve three kinds of abstinence applied to modern behavior. The reporters of China Environment Paper interviewed Ren Fa Rong, director of Chinese Taoist Association, and asked, what is the posi- tive impact of carrying out ecological Taoist activities? keywords: activities; animals; chinese; environment; human; life; mountains; nature; protection; taoist; temples cache: prajnavihara-750.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-750.txt item: #270 of 312 id: prajnavihara-751 author: Yeping, Hu title: Asian Wisdom in a Global Age date: 2015-03-08 words: 3878 flesch: 51 summary: It shows how Buddhism was assimilated but transformed into a particu- larly Chinese character, and Chinese culture was influenced by Buddhism. Thus, Chinese wisdom is characterized by the heri- tage of Chinese culture and civilization evolved through its long history, as is true also of Indian, African, Islamic, Greek, and Western philosophy. keywords: buddhism; chinese; culture; new; philosophy; wisdom cache: prajnavihara-751.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-751.txt item: #271 of 312 id: prajnavihara-752 author: Phorst, Chim title: An Implementation of Buddhist Environmental Ethics for Sustainable Development in Cambodia date: 2015-03-08 words: 2112 flesch: 62 summary: Buddhism is an important resource for environmental ethics, and Buddhist traditional environmental ethics is the most sustainable solution for minimizing our current environmental crises. The genesis of Buddhist ethics is very close to the natural world. keywords: buddhist; cambodia; ethics; life; nature; resources cache: prajnavihara-752.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-752.txt item: #272 of 312 id: prajnavihara-753 author: Xin, Gao title: Reflections on the Study of Christianity in China’s Universities: A Historical and Theological Perspective date: 2015-03-08 words: 6302 flesch: 53 summary: Besides the definite moral requirements, turning from the wor- ship of polytheism to monotheism is another noticeable change between Greek paideia and Christian paideia. It was un- avoidable that they interpreted their new Christian faith as an alternative paideia.27 The expression “Christian education” (Christian paideia) was Gao Xin 149 first used by St. Clement of Rome (fl. 96) in about C.E. 96.28 keywords: alexandria; christian; christianity; clement; education; greek; newman; paideia; students; university cache: prajnavihara-753.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-753.txt item: #273 of 312 id: prajnavihara-754 author: Wen, Haiming; Akina, William Keli’i title: A Naturalist Version of Confucian Morality for Human Rights date: 2015-03-08 words: 7517 flesch: 55 summary: This article re- constructs a naturalist version of Confucian human rights based on the hermeneutical tradition built upon the saying within the Great Commen- taries of the Book of Changes: “What follows the dao is good, and what dao forms is nature” (jishan chengxing 继善成性 ). Confucian human rights emerges from the natural dao of tian, which differs from the foundation of theological morality based upon the Law of God. keywords: cheng; china; chinese; confucian; dao; god; goodness; human; morality; naturalist; nature; rights; version; zhu cache: prajnavihara-754.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-754.txt item: #274 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7541 author: Kølle, Anders title: AN APORIA OF POSSIBILITY: ON TECHNOLOGY AND THE LOSS OF MATERIALITY OF ART date: 2023-07-26 words: 4243 flesch: 57 summary: Many obituaries have been written for art to the point where they now form one of the liveliest and most promising genres of art criticism and art history today. Art history was a framework of a different kind, designed to put art´s course in perspective. keywords: art; gourhan; hand; history; human; material; matter; new; press cache: prajnavihara-7541.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7541.txt item: #275 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7542 author: Arambala, Gerry title: MASS MEDIA AND PROPAGANDA: HABERMAS AND THE DECAY OF PUBLIC OPINION IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY date: 2023-07-26 words: 4533 flesch: 48 summary: It has been the ground for both educating and indoctrinating public opinion. This integration of modern mass media to commodity exchange would inevitably lead to the manipulation and transfiguration of public opinion to bourgeois false consciousness. keywords: mass; mass media; media; opinion; press; public; sphere cache: prajnavihara-7542.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7542.txt item: #276 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7543 author: Matsumoto, Fumihiko title: BEYOND SPEECH ACTS: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SILENCE IN THE SHINTO MARRIAGE RITUAL date: 2023-07-26 words: 1901 flesch: 67 summary: Just as in Western marriage, there are music, prayers, and utterances of words of blessing. The ceremony was usually held with small numbers of people compared with that of Western marriage, only with family and extended family. keywords: god; gods; marriage; words cache: prajnavihara-7543.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7543.txt item: #277 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7544 author: Ottuh, Peter title: HUMAN CLONING AND HUMAN RIGHTS: AN ETHICO-THEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE date: 2023-07-26 words: 4445 flesch: 42 summary: 24 no. 2 July to December 2023, 36-50 © 2000 by Assumption University Press HUMAN CLONING AND HUMAN RIGHTS: AN ETHICO-THEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE Peter Ottuh1 ABSTRACT Ethical and theological debates concerning human cloning are getting more intense as cloning technology continues to develop. Human cloning can be considered in two ways. keywords: cell; cloning; human; journal; ottuh; stem; technology; theological cache: prajnavihara-7544.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7544.txt item: #278 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7545 author: Eugene Victoriano De Guzman title: A REVIEW OF CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO ANSELM'S ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT date: 2023-07-26 words: 2223 flesch: 60 summary: Another thing is that, non-maximal qualities are a posteriori to human understanding, and maximal qualities of God are a priori to human faculty of mind—he is the very definition of perfection Keywords: maximal properties; ontological argument; proof for the existence of God 52 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. keywords: argument; god; island cache: prajnavihara-7545.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7545.txt item: #279 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7546 author: Dziadyk, Nick title: LOST IN TRANSLATION: A FILM ABOUT GRAHAM HARMAN'S OBJECT-ORIENTED ONTOLOGY date: 2023-07-26 words: 5140 flesch: 68 summary: He argues that there must be sensual objects (SO) with sensual qualities (SQ) as there are real objects (RO) with real qualities (RQ). Both must relate to the other through profiles irreducible to their real qualities as real objects. keywords: bob; charlotte; contact; coppola; film; harman; object; qualities; real; tokyo; translation cache: prajnavihara-7546.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7546.txt item: #280 of 312 id: prajnavihara-7547 author: Jan Anthony Garcia; Giordano, John T. title: THE UNSYSTEMATIC SURVIVAL OF SYSTEMS: THE PARASITE, THE JOKER AND THE BRICOLEUR IN MICHEL SERRES AND CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS date: 2023-07-26 words: 3834 flesch: 62 summary: Jokers are ‘wild’ in the sense that they are unpredictable – we do not know what will happen when they are put into play. A game’s outcome, when jokers are included, becomes less predictable and more uncertain, hence “wild”. keywords: bricolage; game; joker; method; parasite; serres cache: prajnavihara-7547.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-7547.txt item: #281 of 312 id: prajnavihara-755 author: K. Becker, Gerhold title: Christian Moral Resources for Economic Justice and Sustainability date: 2015-03-08 words: 10098 flesch: 42 summary: Systemic Shortcomings in Libertarian Economy We may recall that the financial crisis revealed shortcomings on all three levels of operations in the complex economic system that has penetrated all sectors of human life. It is, essentially, a part of human life and human commu- nity”.11 keywords: becker; beings; business; christian; crisis; dignity; economy; ethics; good; human; life; nature; principle; resources; responsibility; rights; society; system; world cache: prajnavihara-755.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-755.txt item: #282 of 312 id: prajnavihara-756 author: Jianmin, Zhao title: Confucian “Ren” and Christian Love date: 2015-03-08 words: 6560 flesch: 70 summary: The fulfillment of Christian love is to build a “Civilization of Love” on earth. If adopted, they will promote among men a sharper insight into their full destiny, and thereby lead them to fashion the world more to man’s surpassing dignity, to search for a brotherhood which is universal and more deeply rooted, and to meet the urgency of our ages with a gallant and unified effort born of love”.15 Thus the urgent demand of the age is that all people should cooperate and try hard to build a ‘civilization of love’. 220 Prajna Vihara __ __ ~ A Civilization has a Harmonious Cooperation between Ren and Love During the long history of human kind, some civilizations have disappeared, but some old traditions continue to prosper. keywords: confucian; confucianism; culture; god; human; life; love; people; ren; yuan cache: prajnavihara-756.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-756.txt item: #283 of 312 id: prajnavihara-757 author: Rothlin, Stephan title: The Impact on Religious Values on Business Ethics in the Chinese Context date: 2015-03-08 words: 4283 flesch: 50 summary: The strong ethical tradition in different religions could help shape a new virtue ethics as an inspiring point of reference and guidance for business leaders who would like to create pragmatic ethical cultures which would be a decisive factor for the economic development in China. When it comes to the highly complex picture of religious faith in today’s China He Guanghu distinguishes between the religious faith in China such as the five major religions namely Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholi- cism with various folk religions and new religions. keywords: business; business ethics; china; chinese; ethics; faith; religion; society; state cache: prajnavihara-757.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-757.txt item: #284 of 312 id: prajnavihara-758 author: Pariti, Zeki title: A Global Sense of Solidarity, in the Context of Narrow Nationalism: The Case of the Hizmet (Service) Movement from Turkey date: 2015-03-08 words: 3397 flesch: 50 summary: Along with other great Islamic scholars like Maulana Jalaluddeen Rumi, one of the most important Islamic thinkers of late Ottoman Empire and the Republican era from whom Fethullah Gulen was influenced was Said Nursi (1873-1960). Fethullah Gulen believes that the thoughts, values and experiences which are shared by the people of not only the same nation but by all the nations of the world, are much more important and more numerous than what divides and antagonises them, encourage tolerance and respect and promote unity, while at the same time preventing the divisions and antagonisms from growing into open hostility and conflict. .. keywords: dynamics; education; fethullah; gulen; movement; nationalism; solidarity; turkey cache: prajnavihara-758.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-758.txt item: #285 of 312 id: prajnavihara-759 author: B. Zhang, John title: The Prophetic Role of Religion in Strengthening Cultural Construction date: 2015-03-08 words: 7157 flesch: 54 summary: Faced with the Mongol rulers, who were inter- ested in nothing but killing and conquering after moving their capital to Beijing, he sincerely advised Kublai Khan, or Emperor Shizong of the Yuan Dynasty, to adopt the policy of “minimum force and no killing”, which partly restrained the sanguinary massacres committed by the Mon- gol army in their conquests of Dali, Yunan and the Southern Song Dy- nasty.22 260 Prajna Vihara __ __ ~ In modern China, not only did peace-loving clergy and laity op- pose wars and advocate peace, but some even risked their lives to rescue wounded anti-Japanese soldiers. We cannot only affix the responsibility on the officials for the incident, but also reso- lutely rectify and handle such enterprises, and let none of them off!”29 260 Prajna Vihara __ __ ~ Here, besides severely criticizing law enforcement agencies for their in- adequate supervision and management and declaring that criminals will be severely punished by legal means, Premier Wen also raised a serious social problem that is plaguing contemporary China: no conscience. keywords: china; chinese; conscience; cultural; development; economic; economy; justice; law; people; prophetic; religion; role; society; world cache: prajnavihara-759.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-759.txt item: #286 of 312 id: prajnavihara-760 author: Lv, Jianfu title: The Influence of the Buddhist View of Life on Universal Value in Modern Society date: 2015-03-08 words: 4269 flesch: 71 summary: In a word, the perfect and consummate of human nature is the supreme goal, which is a positive value system and consistent with value system of other major religions and philosophy and culture, even repre- senting the mainstream value of human being. Human nature implies that man has higher pursuit of spirit and life meaning, the human relations means one has a standard of the good and evil, and the human rights says that people in social activities should have human dignity. keywords: beings; buddhism; equal; evil; good; human; nature; problems; stage cache: prajnavihara-760.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-760.txt item: #287 of 312 id: prajnavihara-761 author: Phong, Tran Tuan title: Confucian Self-Cultivation and Cultural Dialogue date: 2015-03-08 words: 3188 flesch: 51 summary: Though cultural traditions are different but they are equal because they all share the common root of human nature as the original source for their specific interpretations of human development. Human Nature, Human Development and Cultural Tradition Before showing that the Confucian idea of self-cultivation could be understood as the process of human development, I would like fist to clarify the notion of human nature and how human development could be understood as the development of human nature, within the historical context of a particular cultural tradition. keywords: development; nature; self; traditions cache: prajnavihara-761.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-761.txt item: #288 of 312 id: prajnavihara-762 author: Nimanong, Veerachart title: Thai Buddhists-Muslims Customs in Dialogue for Peaceful Co-Existence in Southern Thailand date: 2015-03-08 words: 1110 flesch: 54 summary: Buddhist-Muslim Conflict in Southern Thailand 2.1 Historical Background of the Conflict: From research done by the King Pradjadhipok Insti- tute, we have summarized the following: the conflict Dr. Veerachart Nimanong 293 in Southern Thailand stems from the desire of the eth- nic Malay-Pattani people to preserve their unique lan- guage, religion and culture. keywords: conflict; muslims; thailand cache: prajnavihara-762.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-762.txt item: #289 of 312 id: prajnavihara-763 author: Jianping, Wang title: Peace and Justice: Reaction of the Muslim Community in South Yunnan to Political Adversity date: 2015-03-08 words: 5176 flesch: 52 summary: 3Ma Meizhong: “Historical Stories of Bai Liangcheng”, Shadian Huizu Shiliao (Historical Materials of the Hui People in Shadian), edited by Writing Team of A History of Shadian Hui People, Kaiyuan, unofficial publication, 1989, pp. 4Lin Zhongshu: “Historical Achievements by Bai Liangcheng”, Shadian Huizu Shiliao (Historical Materials of the Hui People in Shadian), edited by Writing Team of A History of Shadian Hui People, Kaiyuan, unofficial publication, 1989, p. 210. 5Yunnan Huizu 50 Nian (50 Years for the Hui People in Yunnan), edited by Gao Fayuan, Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 2003, p. 131. keywords: community; cultural; han; hui; hui muslims; islamic; muslims; people; shadian; village; yunnan cache: prajnavihara-763.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-763.txt item: #290 of 312 id: prajnavihara-764 author: Ruizhong, Ding title: Ideas for Coexistence: Wang Zheng’s Integration of Catholicism and Confucianism date: 2015-03-08 words: 3211 flesch: 62 summary: There is a deep significance in Wang Zheng’s at- tempt at religious integration, particularly for contemporary China Catho- lics. Wang Zheng’s Scientific Contributions The greatest impact works of Wang Zheng and the Jesuit mis- sionaries translated and published, were Xi Ru Er Mu Zi, Yuan Xi Qi Qi Tu Shuo Lu Zui and Xin Zhi Qi Tu Shuo. keywords: catholic; china; chinese; wang; wang zheng; works; zheng cache: prajnavihara-764.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-764.txt item: #291 of 312 id: prajnavihara-765 author: T. S. Lam, Jason title: Christian Studies in Contemporary China date: 2015-03-08 words: 2707 flesch: 41 summary: Therefore Christian studies has been pursued in the public realm of humanities for the sake of searching for a new way of development and a new identity for this ancient country in contemporary era. 336 Prajna Vihara __ __ ~ Characteristics of Doing Theology extra ecclesiam The first thing to be noticed from this unique phenomenon is that when the church finds it difficult to produce her voice in the public realm, academic Christian studies has emerged to let Chinese people have a bet- ter understanding of this comparatively minor religious tradition. In this paper I explain how this special phenomenon has emerged in the rapidly changing Chi- nese situation in the last few decades and to articulate the interesting characteristics of Christian studies and related theology in this context, namely extra ecclesiam (outside of the church). keywords: china; chinese; christian; studies; theology cache: prajnavihara-765.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-765.txt item: #292 of 312 id: prajnavihara-766 author: Chatelier, Glen title: Poem: In Tribute to a Great King date: 2015-03-08 words: 299 flesch: 65 summary: It takes a great life, the life of a teacher To hold the hands of the people And leading them forward in teaching To point out in greatness, life’s undying riches It takes the force of morality To sit on the throne of majesty And in the throngs of loyal people Look into their hearts which have been touched Prajna Vihara, Volume 13, Number 1-2, January-December, 2012, 341-342 341 c 2000 by Assumption University Press __ __ ~ It takes fulfillment in life to look ahead Of the fast changing forces of time To be able to look back with smiles, and say I have lived and loved my people As I have promised. It takes forbearance in the fight of life To hold on to wisdom and moderation Never to yield, in the floods of misfortunes Never to sink, but to survive the waves of destruction It takes the will of life to reach the age of eighty four To stand tall even in the aches and pains of the body keywords: life cache: prajnavihara-766.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-766.txt item: #293 of 312 id: prajnavihara-767 author: J. Alam, Edward title: Self-Identity and Cyberspace Challenges: A Dialogue Between West Asian Syriac Tradition and Modernity date: 2015-03-08 words: 3699 flesch: 35 summary: But my point is that with the breakdown of communal, religious, and agricul- tural life, and with the advent of modern science and society, the tradi- tional answers to these questions have difficulty penetrating, and thus satisfying, the human soul in its quest for meaning. I am especially interested in the question of self-identity, sexual identity, the sexual revolution, the relation between sexuality and spirituality, and the apparently growing so- called “addictive” epidemic on internet pornography. keywords: body; heart; human; identity; science; self; soul; syriac cache: prajnavihara-767.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-767.txt item: #294 of 312 id: prajnavihara-768 author: Barua, Archana title: Mahapurush Sankaradeva and the Bhakti Renaissance in Assam in Light of the Phenomenology of Religious Experience date: 2015-03-08 words: 3639 flesch: 50 summary: In order to understand the prophetic vision of Medieval Bhakta saint of Assam, Mahapurush Sankaradeva, and his mission to restore his people’s lost sense of belonging to a religious tradition, we need to un- derstand the context of the religious dimension of life and a phenomenol- ogy of religious experience in general. Religious experience is the most intense and practical experience of its kind that compels man to act in a particular way (services, cults, worship, offerings, festivities), to think in a distinc- tive manner (Theology, Cosmology, Soteriology, Ecshatology), or to form an intimate community (Brotherhood, Church or sect). keywords: assam; assamese; experience; god; life; people; religion; sankaradeva; time cache: prajnavihara-768.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-768.txt item: #295 of 312 id: prajnavihara-769 author: Mochizuki, Taro title: A Philosopher’s Defeat in World War II: Tanabe Hajime’s Conversion to Shin Buddhism in Philosophy as Metanoetics date: 2015-03-08 words: 1730 flesch: 52 summary: But we can now address Dower’s assertion, that Tanabe’s position was a regression to nationalism, and whether he utilized Shinran’s Shin Buddhism in order to justify his position and characterize traditional Japanese Buddhist wisdom as superior to Western philosophy. Rather, it was a creative, dialec- tical deconstruction of modern philosophy by way of denying what he had learned from Western philosophy. keywords: metanoetics; philosophy; power; tanabe cache: prajnavihara-769.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-769.txt item: #296 of 312 id: prajnavihara-770 author: Guang-hu, He title: State Faith and Religious Faith in Today’s China date: 2015-03-08 words: 5260 flesch: 58 summary: This idea of state faith can have three meanings. STATE FAITH IN THE FIRST SENSE The ‘state faith’ in the first sense, the state’s faith or the faith of state, does exist in today’s China, but exists only in a limited sense. keywords: china; chinese; faith; party; people; sense; state; state faith cache: prajnavihara-770.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-770.txt item: #297 of 312 id: prajnavihara-771 author: Ujan, Andre Ata title: Economic Justice and Market Economy: A Remark on Hayek’s Position on Social Justice date: 2015-03-08 words: 9117 flesch: 56 summary: Is Hayek’s defense of free market economy sufficiently convincing to eliminate any room for social or economic justice to take place? This issue has become important since it is threatened by the pragmatism connected to the promotion of free market economy. keywords: economy; freedom; hayek; human; justice; market; principle; social; society; state cache: prajnavihara-771.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-771.txt item: #298 of 312 id: prajnavihara-772 author: B. Dy, Jr., Manuel title: The Confucian Golden Rule, Origin and Prospect date: 2015-03-08 words: 6416 flesch: 67 summary: From this development I hope to draw the prospect of the Confucian Golden Rule, notably in the notion of Hindu concept of ahimsa or non-violence as developed and lived by Mahatma Gandhi, and expand- ing the meaning of “neighbour” as proposed by the Eco-Ethica of Tomonobu Imamichi. 06_(64-82) The Confucian Golden.pmd THE CONFUCIAN GOLDEN RULE, ORIGIN AND PROSPECT Manuel B. Dy, Jr. Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines Abstract The task of the paper is to trace the development of the Con- fucian Golden Rule from its beginnings in the Analects, The Book of Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Great Learning, to the Neo-Confucianism of Chu Hsi, Wang Yang-ming, and Tai Chen. keywords: confucian; human; love; man; nature; people; principle; ren; rule; violence cache: prajnavihara-772.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-772.txt item: #299 of 312 id: prajnavihara-773 author: B. Zhang, John title: The Ethics of Revenge and Forgiveness: A Comparison of Chinese and Western Cultural Values and Theology date: 2015-03-08 words: 7515 flesch: 69 summary: (Mencius) 3) Desire of Revenge “If a man passes by revenge, he shall not be a human being”; “Revenge is a just action for a person”; “It is never too late to take re- venge for a person”. Revenge for Righteousness Before the judicial system was set up during the ancient times, revenge was quite common. keywords: chinese; culture; death; forgiveness; god; jesus; law; life; lord; love; people; revenge; society cache: prajnavihara-773.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-773.txt item: #300 of 312 id: prajnavihara-774 author: Saccone, Giuseppe Mario title: Hobbes and the Rise of Modernity date: 2015-03-08 words: 7856 flesch: 43 summary: The fact that for Hobbes law is the rational will of the sovereign ran against the main claim invariably made about common law, i.e., that it was the embodiment of reason. The historical influence of these liberal features of Hobbes set in motion a shift towards a kind of consequentialist and informal utilitarianism in the understanding of common law. keywords: cambridge; dialogue; history; hobbes; human; justice; law; lawyers; philosophy; press; reason; theory; toleration; university cache: prajnavihara-774.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-774.txt item: #301 of 312 id: prajnavihara-775 author: K. Paulin, Batairwa title: Catholic Eschatology and Evolutionism date: 2015-03-08 words: 12370 flesch: 53 summary: A God or savior smaller than the universe will scarcely be noticed except by those who have little interest in the natural world”.64 As a method, scientific eschatology needs to provide space for dialogic concessions. On the contrary, everything suggests that at the present time we are entering a peculiarly critical phase of super- humanisation”.66 Still as a method, scientific eschatology must also recognize the validity of evolutionism and resist any attempt to restrict it. keywords: catholic; christian; darwin; death; end; eschatology; evolutionism; explanation; god; hope; jesus; life; new; new york; press; theory; things; universe; university; york cache: prajnavihara-775.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-775.txt item: #302 of 312 id: prajnavihara-776 author: Tangyin, Kajornpat title: On the Neighbor: A Reading of Kierkegaard’s Works of Love date: 2015-03-08 words: 6762 flesch: 76 summary: Merold Westphal, in the book Levinas and Kierkegaard in Dialogue, insists, “Ontologically speak- ing, neighbor love is grounded in the mysterious God relation without which it would be impossible” (Westphal, 2008, p.56). Human love is originated from God, because God is love. keywords: christian; god; kierkegaard; love; neighbor; self cache: prajnavihara-776.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-776.txt item: #303 of 312 id: prajnavihara-777 author: de Guia, Katrin title: Indigenous Values for Sustainable Nation Building date: 2015-03-08 words: 6006 flesch: 60 summary: This kind of reasoning worked for countless generations of ancestral Filipino kapwa cultures (and may still work for remote indig- enous communities). 11_(175-192) Indigenous Values for.pmd INDIGENOUS VALUES FOR SUSTAINABLE NATION BUILDING de Guia, Katrin de Guia author of “Kapwa: The Self in the Other” Abstract This paper introduces the Philippine Indigenous Psychology or “Sikolohiyang Pilipino”, in connection with concepts of the Philippine Personality model “Pagkataong Filipino” by Dr. Virgilio Enriquez. keywords: enriquez; filipino; guia; kapwa; paper; people; personality; philippine; psychology; self; sikolohiyang; time; u.p; values cache: prajnavihara-777.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-777.txt item: #304 of 312 id: prajnavihara-778 author: Plureh, Hilario title: A Report on Religious Pluralism in Myanmar date: 2015-03-08 words: 6360 flesch: 64 summary: This major ethnic group cannot easily convert to other religions because they see Buddhism as linked with their social and cultural back- ground. The Catholic Church has undergone a fundamental change; the Catholic attitude towards other religions has taken a positive turn. keywords: buddhism; buddhists; burmese; christianity; christians; government; muslims; myanmar; people; pluralism; religion; worship cache: prajnavihara-778.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-778.txt item: #305 of 312 id: prajnavihara-779 author: Seran, Alexander title: Discourse Ethics and Liberal Political Culture date: 2015-03-08 words: 9012 flesch: 42 summary: This understanding of the role of discourse ethics will be applied to the situation in Indonesia and the Philippines. Discourse ethics will be discussed in this article as an ethics of communicative action. keywords: claims; discourse; discourse ethics; habermas; justification; law; laws; life; norms; validity; world cache: prajnavihara-779.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-779.txt item: #306 of 312 id: prajnavihara-780 author: Hongladarom, Soraj title: Language, Reality, Emptiness and Laughter date: 2015-03-08 words: 8485 flesch: 66 summary: It then examines the attitudes towards laughter in Buddhism; from the prohibitions on laughter concerning monks, to the laugh- ing Buddha. Perhaps there is a more intimate connection between laughter and the Buddha. keywords: buddha; human; humor; laughing; laughs; laughter; monks; reality; talaputta; teaching; things cache: prajnavihara-780.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-780.txt item: #307 of 312 id: prajnavihara-781 author: Joseph, Babu title: The BHIL Culture in Central India date: 2015-03-08 words: 2794 flesch: 60 summary: Polygamy is allowed in Bhil culture, but because of the bride price, most Bhil men opt for monogamy. Going by the social status accorded to women in Bhil culture, it may be argued that gender equality is still a far cry as there is a clear patriarchal model still at work in their society. keywords: bhil; central; culture; india; life; tribal; tribe cache: prajnavihara-781.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-781.txt item: #308 of 312 id: prajnavihara-782 author: Puntarigvivat, Tavivat title: Liberation Theology: The Latin American Christian Response to Transnational Capitalism date: 2015-03-08 words: 20851 flesch: 56 summary: For many liberation theologians, sal- vation means social liberation as well as personal salvation, the combina- tion of which is the fullness of human life within history. Salvation is experienced through the process of social liberation. keywords: america; bible; christian; church; countries; development; god; gutierrez; history; human; justice; latin; latin america; liberation; liberation theology; mexico; new; oppressed; people; percent; poor; poverty; prajna; salvation; sin; social; struggle; theologians; vihara; world; york cache: prajnavihara-782.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-782.txt item: #309 of 312 id: prajnavihara-783 author: Saccone, Giuseppe Mario title: The Significance of the Ancient Greek Political Philosophy date: 2015-03-08 words: 15988 flesch: 48 summary: However, it is also important to remind here that, in fact, political philosophy and political theory can best be seen, for all intents and purposes, as reciprocally complementary disciplines. For all the differences and distance in time, political philosophy as we understand it today owes a lot to the Sophists, Plato and Aristotle (and to the Stoics, Cicero, Aquinas, etc., which followed). keywords: aristotle; citizens; fact; good; government; history; human; justice; law; nature; order; people; philosophy; plato; politics; principle; society; state; theory cache: prajnavihara-783.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-783.txt item: #310 of 312 id: prajnavihara-784 author: G. Aurelio, Michael Stephen title: The Duties of Mercy date: 2015-03-08 words: 6565 flesch: 68 summary: It is this practical love alone which can be an object of command”.12 Kant would later in The Doctrine of Virtue in The Meta- physics of Morals (1797) rename such a command of kindness done from duty as a duty of love, as “active benevolence”, which, along with the duty of respect for others, is a duty I owe to “others merely as human beings”.13 And the man who performs duties of love to other men he calls a friend of man or the philanthropist.14 This explains why the aristocrats who commissioned Caravaggio were only too happy with the new altarpiece of the Pio Monte della Mise- ricordia. Supererogatory acts, it is here proposed, can therefore be viewed from “the inside”, that is, through the eyes of the saint or hero, as the unnecessary becoming an imperative, as the reception of new duties which must therefore be done and accomplished. keywords: acts; caravaggio; duty; kant; law; love; man; mercy cache: prajnavihara-784.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-784.txt item: #311 of 312 id: prajnavihara-785 author: Tangyin, Kajornpat title: On Nature: A Process Perspective date: 2015-03-08 words: 12076 flesch: 59 summary: Nature cannot be totally reduced into separated parts, and nature itself expresses in com- plexity, its unity in diversity. A PROCESS PERSPECTIVE Kajornpat Tangyin Assumption University of Thailand Abstract Throughout history, mankind has attempted to understand nature in various ways. keywords: bohm; determinism; deterministic; nature; new; order; parts; prigogine; process; science; things; universe; view; world; worldview cache: prajnavihara-785.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-785.txt item: #312 of 312 id: prajnavihara-786 author: Demsar, William title: An Argument Against the Identity Theory date: 2015-03-08 words: 4024 flesch: 58 summary: The relation of lower order properties to higher order properties is a semantic relation. It is evident then, that the role functionalist cannot regard higher order properties as being identical with the lower order properties. keywords: causal; order; properties; property; role cache: prajnavihara-786.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-786.txt