Microsoft Word - Manuskrip 2.docx Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 296 Evaluation of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 1 Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani 1 Universitas Riau; Indonesia; sitri.soniati6870@grad.unri.ac.id Received: January 26, 2023; In Revised: May 4, 2023; Accepted: July 9, 2023 Abstract This research is motivated by the fact that there are still many community houses that are classified as unfit for habitation, research and studies in the District of Koto Kampar Hulu. There are still many people who have not received the BSPS program, as evidenced by the fact that there are still many uninhabitable houses occupied by low-income people, the community has not been fully able to do self-help in building BSPS houses, the community has not been able to carry out mutual cooperation or cooperate in building BSPS houses, so community houses were abandoned during construction, and finished late. The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-help housing stimulant assistance programs. This study uses a qualitative research method with an explanatory approach. Researchers conducted data analysis based on the Reidar Dale Evaluation Main Focus concept. The research was conducted in Koto Kampar Hulu District in 2022. The results showed that the self-help housing stimulant assistance program had not been optimally implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District. This is because the community is not fully capable of being self-supporting, it is difficult for the community to change to the old environment and conditions, and the beneficiaries are elderly, making it difficult to build houses independently. Keywords: Policy Evaluation, Self Help Housing Stimulant Program, Society. Introduction Home is one of the basic human needs after food and clothing, more than just a place to live, a house must be suitable for habitation. The house has a very important function for individuals and families not only covering the physical aspect, but also mentally and socially. To support the function of the house as a good or proper place to live, the physical requirements must be fulfilled, namely that it is safe as a place to live for shelter, fulfills a sense of comfort and is healthy and livable for family members. Houses or settlements are places to live for humans along with the facilities and infrastructure needed by humans, as stated by Muta'ali settlements are all artificial and natural formations with all the equipment used by humans both individually and permanently in which there are facilities and supporting infrastructure (Muta'ali et al. 2016). Based on Article 13 of Law Number 01 of 2011 concerning housing and residential areas, the central government has a role in implementing development, and has duties including facilitating the provision of housing and settlements for the community, especially for the poor. The government formulates programs that seek to overcome the problem of poverty by providing sustainable results of empowerment. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 297 A program is a policy or series of activities that is continuously carried out with a long process of time, not only that one program usually consists of more than one activity agreed upon by the manager by involving more than one person to carry it out. The programs produced by the government are not only one thing for economic business stimulant assistance, but also programs for the needs or desires of comfortable and proper housing or housing for the poor do not escape the government's attention (Sukardi, 2014). The government through the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of Indonesia created a program to overcome poverty, namely the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance (BSPS) program for Low-Income Communities (MBR). the self-help housing stimulant assistance program is regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 07/PRT/M/2018 Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance, hereinafter abbreviated as BSPS, is Government assistance for low-income communities to encourage and increase self-sufficiency in improving the quality of housing and construction of new houses along with infrastructure, facilities and public utilities. Low-income people are people who have less and limited purchasing power, so they need government support to get housing. From this it is implied that stimulant assistance is one way to realize decent and affordable housing for people who have limited purchasing power through community self-help. So that the fulfillment of the need for decent housing by low-income residents is greatly influenced by the economy, not only that the construction of livable houses requires a large fee so that it is difficult for the poor to reach (Hawiyah, 2016). The basic rights of the Indonesian people are still not fully fulfilled. One reason is the relatively large gap in meeting housing needs. The problem occurs because there is still a lack of people's purchasing power, especially the poor, in meeting their housing needs. One of the general characteristics of the physical condition of the poor is that they do not have access to basic facilities and infrastructure for an adequate environment, with the quality of housing and settlements far below the proper standards, as well as uncertain livelihoods. This problem is caused by several obstacles, starting from the high price of land, the price of building materials, to the high wages, so that there are still many Indonesian people who live in uninhabitable housing. Uninhabitable Houses are the quality of environmental conditions that are uninhabitable, with the characteristics of limited land area but very high environmental building density, prone to social and environmental diseases, and low quality of buildings, inadequate environmental infrastructure and endanger the survival of its inhabitants (Niken, 2014). Assistance programs that have been implemented must be evaluated, to determine the level of success. "Program evaluation is intended to see how high the level of success of the planned activities is." (Rinah, 2020). Koto Kampar Hulu District is one of the largest districts and the largest population in Kampar District, Riau Province. Koto Kampar Hulu District is one of the recipients of the self-help housing stimulant assistance program from the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of Indonesia. The problem of uninhabitable houses is spread across all districts in Kampar district. The population density in Koto Kampar Hulu sub-district, the majority of people occupy uninhabitable houses. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 298 Table 1 Number of RTLH in Koto Kampar Hulu District in 2021 No. Village Target 1 Tanjung 41 2 Tabing 74 3 Pongkai 52 4 Gunung Malelo 164 5 Sibiruang 59 6 Bandur Picak 10 Total 400 Source: Koto Kampar Hulu District (2021) From the table above it can be seen that the number of targets based on the RTLH in Koto Kampar Hulu District is 400 houses. In Tanjung village there are 41 houses unfit for habitation, 74 in Tabing village, 50 in Pongkai village, 164 in Gunung Malelo village, 59 in Sibiruang village, and 10 in Bandur Picak village. Of the number of RTLH in Koto Kampar Hulu District, there are still many community houses belonging to RTLH, this is also related to their below average income, so they are unable to build houses and improve the quality of their homes, because the salary they get only enough to meet their daily needs. The implementation of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program (BSPS) in Koto Kampar Hulu District still has problems and obstacles experienced by the community, namely there are still people who have not received BSPS assistance, the community is unable to do self-help in preparing funds and experts in housing construction them, as well as to pay the salaries of the builders and experts in the construction of their houses. This happened because they belonged to the poor, and the community had limitations in building their own houses with their own hands, so that most of the people could not afford and did not have skills in building houses, and also the people who received BSPS were classified as elderly, so that in terms of their strength was too low, and they had to pay builders to build their houses. The next problem experienced by the community in Koto Kampar Hulu District in the implementation of the BSPS house construction was that building materials arrived late to the houses of the beneficiary communities, with the reason being the delay in submitting phase II funds to the district government. Furthermore, the supply of building materials from the building materials distribution shop is not in accordance with the agreement with the beneficiary. Government evaluation of a public policy is very important. This stage canserve as a basis for further policies that are expected to be more effective in the future. Policy evaluation is an attempt to compare and contrast theory or policy regulations with practice in the form of policy impacts, determining whether these impacts are as expected or not (Anggara, 2014). The main purpose of evaluation is not to blame, but to find out how much the achievement and expectations of a public policy are. The next task is how to reduce or close this gap (Nugroho, 2014). Evaluation aims to find deficiencies and close deficiencies. While the evaluation objects themselves include program policies, program implementation, and program effectiveness (Sukardi, 2015). So, policy evaluation must be understood as something positive. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 299 In evaluation there are also several models in evaluating a policy that has been implemented, as stated by Stufflebeam stating that the CIPP evaluation model is a comprehensive evaluation model that has a formative function and a summative function. The formative function of evaluation is to provide information to improve and develop the program while the summative function of evaluation is to provide considerations to determine the success or continuation of the program. (Stufflebeam et al, 2014). The CIPP evaluation model consists of four evaluation components, namely context, input, process, and product. By adhering to regulations, evaluators can formulate objects that are the target of evaluation for each component of the CIPP model evaluation. Methods This research uses a qualitative research method with an explanatory approach. In this research the authors used this type of qualitative research with an explanatory approach was to be able to explain how the implementation of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance program in Koto Kampar Hulu District was implemented. This research was conducted in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The reason for the researchers conducting research in Koto Kampar Hulu District was because Koto Kampar Hulu District was the first sub-district to receive the BSPS program in Kampar Regency, and there were many problems and obstacles that occurred in implementing the BSPS program in Koto Kampar Hulu District. In this research the data collection techniques used by researchers were observation, interviews and documentation. In this study, data analysis techniques used qualitative data analysis techniques according to Miles and Huberman, where the analysis consisted of three activity lines, namely: data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions/verification. Results and Discussion The Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program is Government assistance for low- income people to encourage and increase self-sufficiency in improving the quality of houses and building new houses along with infrastructure, facilities and public utilities. The BSPS program aims to create livable houses by providing a number of assistance to help repair people's homes, and to empower low-income people to be able to build or improve the quality of their homes independently so they can live in decent homes in a healthy and safe environment. Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District is intended to conduct an assessment of the implementation of the BSPS program in Koto Kampar Hulu District and to what extent the BSPS program has been able to overcome problems related to uninhabitable houses owned by low-income communities. As well as to analyze how the BSPS program is implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District, using the theory from Reidar Dale. In this theory, it provides an overview regarding the main focus of evaluation illustrated by the relationship between the core evaluation variables, namely relevance, effectiveness, impact, efficiency, sustainability, replicability. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 300 Relevance Relevance is assessing the extent to which the BSPS program is able to deal with the problem of uninhabitable houses owned by the community in Koto Kampar Hulu District with top priority. The main problem experienced by the people in Koto Kampar Hulu District is Uninhabitable Houses (RTLH). There are still many people living in uninhabitable houses, because they have limited funds and manpower to build livable houses. The main problem experienced by the community is that the house is uninhabitable with the BSPS program that has been implemented in the Koto Kampar Hulu District, which is relevant to the problems experienced by the people of the Koto Kampar Hulu District in the six villages. Where people are able and willing to be self-help but still lack funds to build houses, the existence of the BSPS program in Koto Kampar Hulu District is very helpful to the community. The community houses were inspected directly by the Kampar District Coordinator assisted by the Field Facilitator Team (TFL) of Koto Kampar Hulu District and Village Officials. The BSPS program brought changes to people's homes in Koto Kampar Hulu District. Not only livable but through the BSPS program the community can feel and enjoy a healthy, safe and comfortable environment. The community is also more confident with their current condition. The basic fulfillment of the BSPS program has been carried out well where roofs, floors, walls of community houses that are not of good quality are replaced and built with new ones. Effectiveness Effectiveness is the first level where benefits to the intended beneficiaries are directly disclosed, making the effect measure of achievement more significant than the direct change and more so than the output. The BSPS program can be seen from the results and objectives planned and the impact expected to be achieved. Because to see the success of a program that has been implemented, it is necessary to look at the effectiveness of the program, whether the results of the program are in accordance with the objectives planned at the beginning of the program, and have a direct impact on the community. The self-help housing stimulant assistance program in Koto Kampar Hulu District has been effectively implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District. The houses from the BSPS program have been completed, and now the community can use their houses to live in together with their families. The effectiveness of the implementation of this program is also due to the guidance and direction provided by the District Coordinating Team, District TFL and Village Officials in Koto Kampar Hulu District. Where the community is socialized, deliberations, surveys, and the selection of supplier shops. So that with these activities, the houses of the people who receive assistance are finished with what they want. The effectiveness of the self-help housing stimulant assistance program was also proven during the socialization which had been carried out by the Kampar District Coordinator and assisted by TFL of Koto Kampar Hulu District, which discussed how to participate in the BSPS program, providing knowledge in building houses independently and in collaboration with other group members or in mutual cooperation. In the socialization process, the community was informed of all matters related to the BSPS program, starting from coordination, surveys of houses of beneficiary communities, up to the selection of supplier stores represented by the group leader, and also agreed upon by members of the community. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 301 The Kampar District Coordinator, Field Facilitators and Village Officials of the Koto Kampar Hulu District, several people who were assigned the task of helping the implementation of the BSPS program have carried out their duties in assisting and guiding beneficiary communities. Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance is also right on target to the people who should receive the assistance, the community is selected in such a way starting from administrative materials provided by the community to the assistants from the BSPS program coming to the homes of the beneficiaries, and seeing firsthand the condition of the people's homes, as well ability to exercise self-sufficiency. Impact The impact is a long-term consequence of the self-help housing stimulant assistance program given to the community as beneficiaries. Impacts can be distinguished according to positive impacts and negative impacts according to the point of view of the assessment. The implementation of the BSPS program in Koto Kampar Hulu District needs to look at the impact or consequences of the BSPS program that has been completed. The positive impact of the BSPS program is to reduce the burden of living for the poor, because they no longer have dependents to build houses, psychologically increase self- confidence because the houses are better than before, increase the standard of living of the poor because funds or income should be used for needs building a house can already be allocated to meet other basic needs of life, such as for education funds, business capital, and improving the quality of clothing and food, with the condition of the house that meets the criteria for a livable house, it will improve the quality of health, and provide a sense of security for its inhabitants, have an impact on improving the welfare of beneficiary communities. Meanwhile, the negative impact of the self-help housing stimulant assistance program experienced by the community is that the community has not been fully able to use their homes properly, and they are also short of funds because they only rely on grants from the BSPS program. It is also difficult for people to change from their previous environment and after their house is finished, it is difficult for them to take care of their house. This is because people are used to their previous environment when their homes have not been renovated, so it is difficult to keep their homes and surroundings clean, safe, comfortable and clean. The desired impact of the program is the impact in the long term, so that it can be felt by the community for a long time. However, it cannot be denied that not all people feel a positive impact, because the economic background owned by the community is very closely related to the results of building houses from this BSPS program and also the involvement or participation of the community itself. Efficiency Efficiency is the number of results created and their quality in relation to the resources and efforts of the beneficiary community expended to achieve the goals and satisfactory results of the BSPS program. Efficiency can also be related to the time needed by the community for the desired results to be implemented. The stimulant assistance program for self-help housing in Koto Kampar Hulu District, not all of them have been implemented efficiently. The community is encouraged to work together, but this cannot be done by the community considering that the distance between the recipient's house is far from the other recipients. In addition, the number of beneficiaries is 20 families in 1 beneficiary group, so the mutual cooperation system by utilizing beneficiary members is not efficient to implement. Therefore, the initiative from the community is to pay a builder to carry out the construction of the house, but there are also those who rely on their own expertise assisted by family and neighbors. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 302 The mutual cooperation method was assessed by the beneficiary community as taking a long time to complete, resulting in the house being finished late and also hampering the second phase of funding. So that people prefer to build their homes independently and also hire builders to work on their homes. Meanwhile, from the self-help prepared by the people of Koto Kampar Hulu Subdistrict, there were various kinds, some prepared savings, materials, some sold their livestock to prepare them to participate in the BSPS program. The beneficiaries of the BSPS program implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District are elderly people, where they cannot afford to build houses with their own hands so they do self- help in the form of money to pay the wages of the craftsmen employed. And not all of the elderly who can afford to be self-supporting so they also need help from their closest relatives and other members of the community as beneficiaries. It also cannot be said to be successful because in the process there are still obstacles and obstacles that occur. Because not all of the elderly people are also able to do self-help to hire builders in the construction of their BSPS houses. In terms of community self-help, not all of them are able to carry out self-help in the construction of their houses, even though in the early stages of selection as beneficiaries they agreed to be self-help, but in the middle of the road or to continue at stage two in the construction of BSPS houses they were unable to buy building materials and provide extra money. So that in terms of the time set by the government and also delivered by the Kampar District Coordinator together with the District Facilitator of Koto Kampar Hulu, that is, for approximately three months, counting from the disbursement of phase one funds out and continued construction of phase one to phase two. Sustainability Sustainability is maintenance and additional influences and changes carried out by the community as beneficiaries of assistance, this is done when the construction of the BSPS house has been completed in Koto Kampar Hulu District. While this maintenance can be carried out by the community, namely maintaining and maintaining the houses that have been built so that they remain safe and not damaged. Positive additional influences that can be carried out by the community, namely, making ceilings, terraces, house paint, etc. All of these activities can be carried out by the community when the construction of the BSPS house has been completed. Implementation of the BSPS program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, not all communities are able to carry out positive sustainability, development and additions, there are still people who have not carried out additions and developments, because the community does not yet have funds, and limitations in their economy. So that the condition of their houses is still like the last when the BSPS construction was completed. When it comes to maintaining, maintaining or caring for people, they are able to do it, but to make additions to their houses they are still not fully able to, because they have no more funds. Communities are limited with the funds that will be spent to continue construction for their houses, after the BSPS program has been completed. The community BSPS program is indeed required to be able to maintain and care for their homes, and also add to what has not been achieved and implemented when implementing the BSPS program. But with the condition that it doesn't change the main structure of the building from the BSPS program. For example, you can make a terrace, bathroom, attic, etc. This is done with funds and the initiative of the community itself. Communities receiving assistance are allowed to develop houses after the construction of the BSPS is complete as long as they do not change the main structure of the building. The measure to declare that the house construction activities have been completed is that the Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 303 building materials have been used up (no leftovers) and the volume of work done in the field has been achieved according to plan. Replicability Replicability is the feasibility of the BSPS program to be repeated and continued, both in the Koto Kampar Upstream community at a later stage, or in other areas in Indonesia, and also at different times. This is done so that the BSPS program is better, and can also be felt by low- income people who have uninhabitable houses. The self-help housing generation assistance program in Koto Kampar Hulu District deserves to be repeated or reapplied, at a later stage or at a different time. The BSPS program has been able to overcome the main problems of the community, namely related to uninhabitable houses, so now the community has renovated or improved the quality of their homes, by doing self-help both in the form of money and labor. Apart from that, the BSPS program also provides knowledge, namely by conducting socialization guided by the Kampar District Coordinator and Facilitating Staff, as well as Village Officials in Koto Kampar Hulu District. the BSPS program is not just about building houses but also providing knowledge in building houses for the community, so that houses are successfully built, and of course it is feasible to be re-implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District. Besides that, it is appropriate to repeat this program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, especially from the six existing villages, because the BSPS program is very concerned about the condition of people who do not have decent houses, the people really feel helped by the BSPS program. The community is assisted and encouraged to be able to do self-help for the sake of building livable houses for the community. Through this program the community is also directed to work together and work together. But the hopes and suggestions from the community are also that the BSPS program will be better in the future, and the funds provided will be even more adequate, and can be felt by other people who have not been touched by the BSPS program, or in other regions. Conclusion The Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District has been implemented in accordance with the regulations given by the government. However, it has not been fully implemented in Koto Kampar Hulu District. The main problem experienced by the people of Koto Kampar Hulu District is uninhabitable houses, these problems are relevant and can be handled with top priority through the BSPS program. Communities are able to live in their homes safely, comfortably and cleanly, and have good effects and impacts on the community. However, not all people feel the positive impact of the BSPS program. The community has not been fully able to carry out self-help until the end of the implementation of the BSPS house construction. Communities have also been able to carry out positive developments and additions to their homes, without changing the main structure of the housing development self-help housing stimulant program. The self-help housing stimulant assistance program in Koto Kampar Hulu District deserves to be repeated or reapplied, at a later stage or at a different time. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara P-ISSN 2085-6555 Vol 15 No. 2 | Juli 2023: 296-304 E-ISSN 2715-9256 =========================================================================== Sitri Soniati, Hasim As’ari, Nur Leila Meilani Evaluation of the Self-help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency 304 References Anggara, S. (2014). Kebijakan Publik. CV Pustaka Setia. Hawiyah, S. (2016). Evaluasi Kebijakan Program Rehabilitasi Rumah Tidak Layak Huni Masyarakat Kelurahan Sijantung Kecamatan Galang Kota Batam Tahun 2014. Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji Tanjung Pinang. Muta’ali, L., Nugroho, A.R. (2016). PerkembanganProgram Penanganan Pemukiman Kumuh di Indonesia dari Masa ke Masa. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Niken, F., Pratiwi, R. 2014. Identifikasi Karakteristik Lingungan Permukiman Kumuh di Kelurahan Kapuk, Jakarta Barat. Jurnal Teknik Pomits, 3, 2, 240-244. Nugroho, R. (2014). Kebijakan Publik di Negara-Negara Berkembang. 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