REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010 RE IN W AR DT IA 13 (2) A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY, PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY ISSN 0034 – 365 X REINWARDTIA A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY Vol. 13(2): 95 — 220, November 2, 2010 Chief Editor KARTINI KRAMADIBRATA Editors DEDY DARNAEDI TUKIRIN PARTOMIHARDJO JOENI SETIJO RAHAJOE TEGUH TRIONO MARLINA ARDIYANI EIZI SUZUKI JUN WEN Managing editors ELIZABETH A. WIDJAJA HIMMAH RUSTIAMI Secretary ENDANG TRI UTAMI Lay out DEDEN SUMIRAT HIDAYAT Ilustrators SUBARI WAHYU SANTOSO ANNE KUSUMAWATY Reviewers R. ABDULHADI, SANDY ATKINS, JULIE F. BARCELONA, TODD J. BARKMAN, NICO CELLINESE, MARK COODE, GUDRUN KADEREIT, ROGIER DE KOCK, N. FUKUOKA, KUSWATA KARTAWINATA, ARY P. KEIM, P. J. A. KESSLER, A. LATIFF–MOHAMAD, M. A. RIFAI, RUGAYAH, H. SOEDJITO, T. SETYAWATI, D. G. STONE, WAYNE TAKEUCHI, BENITO C. TAN, J. F. VELDKAMP, P. VAN WELZEN, H. WIRIADINATA, RUI-LIANG ZHU. Correspondence on editorial matters and subscriptions for Reinwardtia should be addressed to: HERBARIUM BOGORIENSE, BOTANY DIVISION, RESEARCH CENTER FOR BIOLOGY– LIPI, CIBINONG 16911, INDONESIA Email: reinwardtia@mail.lipi.go.id REINWARDTIA Vol 13, No 2, pp: 95 − 100 95 of narrowly endemic have also provided botanists with insights into the evolution and biogeography of tropical biodiversity (See e.g. Barkman et al., 2008; Davis et al., 2007; Barcelona et al., 2009a; 2009b). The taxonomy of the genus Rafflesia is also very unique because the species delimitation is based only on details of the flower morphology, since the vegetative part consist of mycelium–like structure living inside the root or bole of the spe- cific host of particularly species of family Vitaceae, especially Tetrastigma coriaceum (DC.) Gagnep. which usually has been misidentified as T. leu- costaphylum (Dennst.) N.P. Balakr. (Veldkamp, 2009). In his revision of Malesian Rafflesiaceae, Meijer (1998) recorded 14 taxa of which seven oc- cur in Indonesia, the rest are distributed in S. Thai- land, the Malay Peninsula, N. Borneo (Brunei, Sa- bah, Sarawak) and The Philippines. Furthermore he united R. titan Jack and R. atjehensis Koord. to R. arnoldi R. Br. thus leaving the Sumatran species he recognized to five species namely R. arnoldi, R. arnoldi var. atjehensis (Koord.) Meijer, and R. mi- cropylora Meijer which is distributed in Aceh, R. INTRODUCTION During an expedition to the north of the Taman Wisata Alam (TWA= Recreation Nature Forest) Sicikeh–cikeh, North Sumatra, in early 2003, it was a surprise that a new species of Rafflesia R. Br. (Rafflesiaceae) encountered. This species is similar to R. rochussenii Teijsm. & Binn. of West Java (Fig.1), which also has no processes on the disc. The genus Rafflesia in the world has at least 27 known species (Mat–Salleh et al., 2010.) This super –parasitic plant with its gigantic flower has long been a source of fascination to botanists and lay- men. These species are very rare in nature and of great local and international interest and a major tourist’s attraction (Mat–Salleh & Latiff, 1989). They are threatened by the destruction of their habi- tat through logging and clearing for e.g. oil palm plantations. Unfortunately, attempts to grow the plants in Botanic Gardens have met with very lim- ited success (Veldkamp, 2007). Recently, however, the Bogor Botanic Garden has successfully culti- vated R. patma Blume of West Java. Several species A NEW SPECIES OF RAFFLESIA (RAFFLESIACEAE) FROM NORTH SUMATRA Received November 3, 2009; accepted February 2, 2010 HARRY WIRIADINATA Herbarium Bogoriense, Botany Division, Research Center for Biology–LIPI, Jl. Raya Jakarta–Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia. E–mail: harry_wiria@yahoo.com RISMITA SARI Center for Plant Conservation, Bogor Botanic Gardens–LIPI, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda 3, Bogor 16122, Indonesia. E–mail: rismita@yahoo.com ABSTRACT WIRIADINATA, H. & SARI, R. 2010. A new species of Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) from North Sumatra. Reinwardtia 13(2): 95–100. ⎯ Rafflesia meijeri Wiriadinata & Sari spec. nov. from North Sumatra is described. It appears closely related to R. rochussenii Teijsm. & Binn. from West Java which has no processes on the disk, smaller flower, the lobes with a different wart pattern, a wider groove with thin lamellae on the central column, ramenta filiform without swollen apex. Key words: Rafflesia meijeri, Rafflesiaceae, North Sumatra, taxonomy. ABSTRAK WIRIADINATA, H. & SARI, R. 2010. Satu jenis baru Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) dari Sumatera Utara. Reinwardtia 13 (2): 95–100. ⎯ Rafflesia meijeri Wiriadinata & Sari berasal dari Sumatera Utara dipertelakan untuk pertama kalinya. Jenis tersebut berbeda dengan R. rochussenii Teijsm. & Binn. dari Jawa Barat yang tidak mempunyai processes pada bagian atas cawan, mempunyai corak berbeda pada permukaan cuping, alur yang lebar dengan dinding tipis pada bagian atas central column dan ramenta yang berupa rambut sederhana tanpa benjolan pada ujungnya serta ukuran bunga lebih kecil. Kata kunci: Rafflesia meijeri, Rafflesiaceae, Sumatera Utara, taksonomi. REINWARDTIA 96 [VOL.13 arnoldi and R. gadutensis Meijer in West Sumatra, and R. hasseltii Suringar in Riau and Jambi. Raffle- sia arnoldi was considered as widely distributed and to be quite variable in morphology between individual and in populations. Recently a new spe- cies Rafflesia bengkuluensis was published by Susatya, Arianto and Mat–Salleh (Susatya et al., 2005), and R. lawangensis Mat–Salleh et al. (2010) which indicated that undescribed, “new” species may still be out there. Almost all species have processes on the disc except R. rochussenii which occurs on Mt. Salak and Mts. Gede–Pangrango, West Java (Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr., 1964; Anonim, 1990; Wiriadinata & Alam, 1990; Wiriadinata, 1993; Zu- hud et al., 1998; Meijer, 1998). Rafflesia ro- chussenii var. subaculeata has 1–8 processes and Jafarsidik & Meijer (1985, “1983”) have suggested that this might be a hybrid between R. patma and R. rochussenii. In the Recreation Natural Forest (TWA) Sicikeh –cikeh, North Sumatra, a small population of Raf- flesia occurs which has no processes and after a long study we decided that it represents a new spe- cies. Rafflesia meijeri Wiriadinata & Sari, spec. nov. Figs. 2–6. Rafflesia rochussenii similis disco sine processis, floribus minoribus 13–14 cm diam., ramentis filiformibus apice non inflatis differt. ⎯ Type: Indonesia, North Sumatra, TWA Sicikeh–cikeh, Dairi, N: 02° 39´ 826"; E: 98° 23´ 385", 1320 m asl. 16 Sep. 2003, male fl., Rismita Sari RI 413 (BO– holotype). Mature bud ca. 9–10 cm in diam. Male flower ca. 13–14 cm across, ca. 5–6 cm high. Perigone lobes 5–6 x 3.7–4.5 cm, on the upper side coarsely reddish brick–coloured, lower side smooth. Perigone tube ca. 4.5–5 cm high, ca. 9–10 cm wide. Diaphragm ca. 8.5 cm diam., slightly 5–angular, 2.5 cm wide, reddish, ovate–oblong, with whitish orange warts, opening of diaphragm ca. 4.5 cm, wider than in R. rochussenii. Ramenta filiform, sim- ple, without a swollen apex, dark red white coloured at the tip, 0.5–2.5 mm up to ca. 8 mm long near base of the perigone tube. Disk ca. 6–6.5 cm diam., rim raised, without processes. Anthers 20. Annulus exterior a curved rim, short, ca. 3 mm. Column ca. 1.5 cm high, ca. 3 cm in diam. at the neck, groove very wide, lamellae with very thin walls. Distribution. Sumatra: endemic to North Sumatra, only known from a male population at the type lo- cality. Type locality Recreation Nature Forest (TWA) Sicikeh–cikeh, North Sumatra, about 1.5 km from Laehole village. Habitat. Secondary hilly forest with moderately steep slopes at 1320 m asl. Rafflesia meijeri was found in disturbed hilly primary forest associated with Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminosae, Rubia- ceae, Zingiberaceae, etc. Flowering: September at the beginning of the rainy season. Fig. 1. Rafflesia rochussenii (Photo: Anonim–Lawalata IPB) Fig. 2. Rafflesia meijeri Wiriadinata & Sari (Photo: Rismita Sari) 2010] 97 VELDKAMP & SAUNDERS: Goniothalamsu tripetalus (Lam) Veldk. & RMK Saunders (Annonaceae), Fig. 3. Cross section of Rafflesia meijeri. After Rismita Sari RI 413 (drawn by Subari) Fig. 4. Comparison of ramenta of Rafflesia rochussenii and R. meijeri (drawn by Subari) R. rochussenii R. meijeri mm 0.2 0.5 10 15 REINWARDTIA 98 [VOL.13 Fig. 5. R. meijeri showing simple filiform ramenta (Photo: Harry Wiriadinata) Fig. 6. R. meijeri showing close up simple ramenta (Photo: Harry Wiriadinata) 2010] 99 VELDKAMP & SAUNDERS: Goniothalamsu tripetalus (Lam) Veldk. & RMK Saunders (Annonaceae), Notes. It is similar to Rafflesia rochussenii which also has no processes on its disk (Meijer, 1998) and occurs on the slopes of Mts. Gede Pangrango Na- tional Park and of Mt. Salak, West Java (Anonim, 1990). However, the new species can be easily dis- tinguished by the smaller size of the flower, the pat- tern of the warts on the diaphragm and perianth lobes, the angular opening of the diaphragm, and the simple filiform ramenta. Etimology. Named after Prof. Dr. Willem Meijer (1923–2003), in acknowledgement of his contribu- tion toward the study and conservation of Rafflesia. Specimen examined. SUMATRA. Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Sicikeh–cikeh, Laehole village, Pansur Nauli, Parbuluan, Daeri, North Sumatra, hilly primary forest, 1320 m asl., male flower, 16 Sep. 2003, Rismita Sari RI 413 (BO). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The second author would like to thank Dr. Dedy Dar- naedi, Sutrisno, Sri Hartini, Dachrijani Mardi and Awen Supranata. Special thankS to the team of the Bogor Bo- tanic Gardens who attended the expedition to the Sicikeh –cikeh TWA: Abednego Purba, Bonar Malau, Endang Suparta, Madhari, Nelson I. Hutagalung, Oskar Si- hombing, Ratna Suti Astuti, Saripudin, Wanri Malau, and Yusuf Ismail. We would like to thank Dr. J.F. Veld- kamp (L) who provided the Latin diagnosis and criti- cally read the manuscript. We also thank Prof. Dr. A. Latiff Mohamad (UKM) for his support and comments. Last but not least thank to Mr. Subari for excellent draw- ing of the specimen. REFERENCES ANONIM, 1990. Press release penemuan Rafflesia di Gunung Salak, Jawa Barat. Lawalata IPB, Bogor. (unpubl.) BACKER, C.A. & BAKHUIZEN van den BRINK Jr., R.C. 1964 (“1963”). Flora of Java 1: 165. Noordhoff, Groningen. BARCELONA, J. F., CO, L.L., BALETE, D.S. & BAR- TOLOME, N.A. 2009a. Rafflesia aurantia (Rafflesiaceae): A new species from Northern Luzon, Philippines. Gard. Bul. Sing. 61: 17–28. BARCELONA, J.F., PELSER, P.B., BALETE, D.S. & CO, L.L. 2009b. Taxonomy, ecology and conserva- tion status of Philippine Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae). Blumea 54: 77–93. BARKMAN, T.J., BENDIKSBY, M., LIM, S.H., MAT– SALLEH, K., NAIS, J., MADULID, D.A. & SCHUMACHER, T. 2008. Accelerated rates of flora evolution at the upper size limit for flowers. Current Biology 18: 1508–1513. DAVIS, C.C., LATVIS, M., NICKRENT, D.L., WAR- DUCK, K.J. & BAUM, D.A. 2007. Floral gigantism in Rafflesiaceae. Science 315:1812. JAFARSIDIK, Y. & MEIJER, M. (1985, “1983”) Raf- flesiaceae di Jawa. Bul. Kebun Raya Bogor 6: 73–76. MAT–SALLEH, K. & LATIFF, A. 1989. A new species of Rafflesia and notes on other species from Trus Madi Range, Sabah (Borneo). Blumea 34: 111–116. MAT–SALLEH, K., MAHYUNI, R., SUSATYA, A. & VELDKAMP, J. F. 2010 Rafflesia lawangensis (Rafflesiaceae), a new species from Bukit Lawang, Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 13(2):159–165. MEIJER, W. 1998. Rafflesiaceae. Flora Malesiana I, 13: 1–42. Rijksherbarium / Hortus Botanicus, Leiden. Character Rafflesia meijeri Rafflesia rochussenii Flowers diameter 9–10 cm 18–20 cm Flowers height ca. 5–6 cm ca. 10 cm Perigone lobes 5–6 cm x 3.7– 4.5 cm ca. 7.7 cm x 8.2 cm Perigone tube ca. 4.5–5 cm ca. 6.5 cm Diaphragm 5–angular rounded Warts irregular regular Opening of diaphragm ca. 4.5 cm 5.7– 6.7 cm Disk diameter ca. 6–6.5 cm ca. 9 cm Processes none none (1–8) Rim of processes slightly raised flat Column 1.5 cm 2 cm Ramenta inside base 0.5–8 mm 10 mm Tip of ramenta not swollen swollen Anthers 20 22 (15–20) Table 1. Comparison of Rafflesia meijeri and R. rochussenii REINWARDTIA 100 [VOL.13 SUSATYA, A., ARIANTO, W. & MAT–SALLEH, K. 2005. Rafflesia bengkuluensis (Rafflesiaceae), a new species from South Sumatra, Indonesia. Folia Ma- lays. 6: 139–152. VELDKAMP, J. F. 2007. Some notes on the cultivation of Rafflesia. Fl. Males. Bull. 14: 50–53. VELDKAMP, J. F. 2009. Notes on the name of the Tet- rastigma (Vitaceae) hosts of Raffl esia (Rafflesiaceae). Reinwardtia 13(1): 75–78. WIRIADINATA, H. 1993. Patma raksasa (Rafflesia arnoldii) Rob. Brown. Puspa Langka Indonesia yang perlu dilestarikan. Paper presented on Sarasehan sehari melestarikan alam dan meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan melalui cinta puspa dan satwa. Bogor 3 Nov. 1993. Puslitbang Biologi dan UPT Kebun Raya LIPI bekerjasama dengan KLH dan Ditjen PHPA. WIRIADINATA, H. & ALAM, S. 1990. Rafflesia ar- noldii a giant among flowers. Voice of Nature 84: 14– 19. ZUHUD, E.A.M., HIKMAT, A. & JAMIL, A. 1998. Rafflesia Indonesia. Yayasan Pembinaan Suaka Alam dan Suaka Margasatwa Indonesia dan Laboratorium Konservasi Tumbuhan Jur. Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan Fak. Kehutanan IPB, Bogor. 38 pp. INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS Reinwardtia is a scientific journal on plant taxonomy, plant ecology, and ethnobotany. Manuscript intended for a publication should be written in English represent an article which has not been published in any other journal or proceedings. Every manuscript will be sent to two blind reviewers. Two printed copies (on A4 paper) of the manuscript of not more than 200 pages together with an electronic copy prepared on Word Processor computer program using Time New Romance letter type and saved in Rich Text File must be submitted. For the style of presentation, authors should follow the latest issue of Reinwardtia very closely. Title of the article should be followed by author’s name and mailing address in one-paragraphed English abstract of not more than 250 words. Keywords should be given below each abstract. On a separated paper, author(s) should send the preferred running title of the article submitted. Taxonomic identification key should be prepared using the aligned couplet type. Strict adherence to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature is observed, so that taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties should be clearly shown. Latin description for new taxon proposed should be provided and the herbaria where the type specimens area deposited should be presented in the long form that is name of taxon, author’s name, year of publication, abbreviated journal or book title, volume, number and page. Map, line drawing illustration, or photograph preferably should be prepared in landscape presentation to occupy two columns. Illustration must be submitted as original art accompanying, but separated from the manuscript. On electronic copy, the illustration should be saved in jpg or gif format at least 350 pixels. Legends or illustration must be submitted separately at the end of the manuscript. Bibliography, list of literature cited or references follow the Harvard system. REINWARDTIA Vol. 13. No. 2. 2010 CONTENTS Page HARRY WIRIADINATA & RISMITA SARI. A new species of Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) from North Sumatra ………………………………………………………………………..……………….. 95 ARY P. KEIM. A new species of Freycinetia (Pandanaceae) from Papua New Guinea………………… 101 ROBERT GRADSTEIN et al. Bryophytes of Mount Patuha, West Java, Indonesia……………………... 107 ABDULROKHMAN KARTONEGORO & J. F. VELDKAMP. Revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae) in Java, Indonesia………………………………………………………...…………… 125 NURSAHARA PASARIBU. Two new species of Freycinetia (Pandanaceae) from Sumatra, Indonesia………………………………………………………………………………………………….... 147 ARY P. KEIM. & M. RAHAYU. Pandanaceae of Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia................ 151 K. MAT-SALEH, RIDHA MAHYUNI, AGUS SUSATYA, J. F. VELDKAMP. Rafflesia lawangensis (Rafflesiaceae), a new species from Bukit Lawang, Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra, Indonesia.............................................................................................................................. 159 J. F. VELDKAMP & R. M. K. SAUNDERS. Goniothalamus tripetalus (Lam.) Veldk. & R. M. K. Saunders (Annonaceae), comb. nov. .......................................................................................... 167 M. M. J. VAN BALGOOY. An updated survey of Malesian Seed Plants Families..................................... 171 NURHAIDAH IRIANY SINAGA. Two new species of Freycinetia (Pandanaceae) from Manokwari, West Papua ............................................................................................................................... 183 NURHAIDAH IRIANY SINAGA, RITA MEGIA, ALEX HARTANA & ARY PRIHARDHYANTO KEIM. The ecology and distribution of Freycinetia Gaud. (Pandanaceae; Freycinetoideae) in the Indonesian New Guinea................................................................................................................................ 189 EIZI SUZUKI. Tree flora on freshwater wet habitats in lowland of Borneo: Does wetness cool the sites.. 199 NANDA UTAMI & HARRY WIRIADINATA. Impatiens mamasensis (Balsaminaceae), a new Species from West Celebes, Indonesia.......................................................................................................... 211 M. ARDIYANI, A. D. POULSEN, P. SUKSATHAN, F. BORCHSENIUS. Marantaceae in Sulawesi..... 213 Reinwardtia is a LIPI acredited Journal (258/AU 1/P2MBI/05/2010) Herbarium Bogoriense Botany Division Research Centre for Biology – LIPI Cibinong, Indonesia REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_1-1 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_2-2 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_3-3 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_4-4 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_5-5 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_6-6 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_7-7 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_8-8 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_129-129 REINWARDTIA_13-2_7Oct2010_130-130